<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001493152-24-049468.txt : 20241210
<SEC-HEADER>0001493152-24-049468.hdr.sgml : 20241210
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20241210161156
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001493152-24-049468
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	10-Q
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		108
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20241031
FILED AS OF DATE:		20241210
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20241210

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			IDT CORP
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0001005731
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	TELEPHONE COMMUNICATIONS (NO RADIO TELEPHONE) [4813]
		ORGANIZATION NAME:           	06 Technology
		IRS NUMBER:				223415036
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			0731

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		10-Q
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-16371
		FILM NUMBER:		241538594

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		520 BROAD ST
		CITY:			NEWARK
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07102
		BUSINESS PHONE:		973 438 1000

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		520 BROAD STREET
		CITY:			NEWARK
		STATE:			NJ
		ZIP:			07102
</SEC-HEADER>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>10-Q
<SEQUENCE>1
<FILENAME>form10-q.htm
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='ASCII'?>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217" xmlns:ix="http://www.xbrl.org/2013/inlineXBRL" xmlns:ixt="http://www.xbrl.org/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-02-26" xmlns:ixt-sec="http://www.sec.gov/inlineXBRL/transformation/2015-08-31" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024" xmlns:us-roles="http://fasb.org/us-roles/2024" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31" xmlns:ecd="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024" xmlns:country="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2024" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2024" xmlns:IDT="http://idt.net/20241031">
<head>
     <title></title>
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html"/>
</head>
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_021_US%2DGAAP%2D2024%2D(with%2DECD) -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_030_IDT_idt.net_20241031 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_040_20240801_20241031 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_059_edei%2D%2DAmendmentFlag_false -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_05F_edei%2D%2DDocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_Q1 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_056_edei%2D%2DCurrentFiscalYearEndDate_%2D%2DLS0wNy0zMQ== -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_05C_edei%2D%2DDocumentFiscalYearFocus_2025 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_05B_edei%2D%2DEntityCentralIndexKey_0001005731 -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_070_XDX_form10%2Dq.xdx -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_06B_USD_1_iso4217%2D%2DUSD -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_062_Shares_2_xbrli%2D%2Dshares -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_06D_USDPShares_3_iso4217%2D%2DUSD_xbrli%2D%2Dshares -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_069_Pure_4_xbrli%2D%2Dpure -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_064_Integer_5_Integer -->
<!-- Field: Set; Name: xdx; ID: xdx_06D_Segments_0_Segments -->
<body style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<div style="display: none">
<ix:header>
 <ix:hidden>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000003" name="dei:AmendmentFlag">false</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000004" name="dei:DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus">Q1</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000005" name="dei:CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">--07-31</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000006" name="dei:DocumentFiscalYearFocus">2025</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000007" name="dei:EntityCentralIndexKey">0001005731</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingencies" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0147" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingencies" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0148" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0159" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0160" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0265" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0355" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0356" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0357" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0358" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0359" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0361" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0366" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0367" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0368" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0370" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0371" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0372" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0375" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0376" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0377" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0379" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0380" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0381" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0384" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0385" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0387" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0388" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0389" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0390" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0393" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0394" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0396" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0397" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0398" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0399" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0402" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0403" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0404" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0405" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0407" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0408" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0411" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0412" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0413" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0414" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0415" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0447" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0448" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0450" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0451" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0452" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0453" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0456" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0457" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0458" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0460" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0461" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0462" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0465" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0466" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0467" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0469" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0470" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0471" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0474" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0475" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0477" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0478" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0479" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0480" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0483" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0484" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0485" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0486" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0487" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0488" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0492" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0493" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0494" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0495" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0497" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0498" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0501" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0502" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0503" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0504" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0506" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0507" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0510" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0511" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0512" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0513" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0514" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividends" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0604" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToMinorityShareholders" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0606" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0615" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0640" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0676" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0697" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0762" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_FintechMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0763" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0764" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0768" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0774" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0792" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_FintechMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0793" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0794" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0798" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0804" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2025-11-01" id="xdx2ixbrl0828" name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1">P1Y</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2026-11-01" id="xdx2ixbrl0834" name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1">P1Y</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2027-11-01" id="xdx2ixbrl0840" name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1">P0Y</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0846" name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1">P0Y</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_srt_MinimumMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0871" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract">P1Y</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0910" name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList">http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#OtherLiabilitiesCurrent</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0911" name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList">http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#OtherLiabilitiesCurrent</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" id="xdx2ixbrl0979" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1002" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1098" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1131" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1134" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1135" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1146" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1195" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1201" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1203" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1207" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1223" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1225" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1231" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1233" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1239" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1241" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1251" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1257" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1259" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1263" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1279" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1281" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1287" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1289" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1295" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1297" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1317" name="us-gaap:FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList">http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#NonoperatingIncomeExpense</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1318" name="us-gaap:FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList">http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#NonoperatingIncomeExpense</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1323" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1324" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1331" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1334" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1336" name="us-gaap:FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList">http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1337" name="us-gaap:FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList">http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax</ix:nonNumeric>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1342" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1343" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="xdx2ixbrl1386" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LegalFees" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1411" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1414" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="IDT:CorporateOther" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1417" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1420" unitRef="USD" xs:nil="true"/>
  <ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1490" unitRef="Shares" xs:nil="true"/>
  </ix:hidden>
 <ix:references>
  <link:schemaRef xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd" xlink:type="simple"/>
  </ix:references>
 <ix:resources>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-12-05_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-12-05</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-12-05_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-12-05</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">IDT:TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">IDT:TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-07-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:OwnershipAxis">IDT:NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:OwnershipAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:OwnershipAxis">IDT:NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:OwnershipAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RestatementAxis">srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RestatementAxis">srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_custom_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RestatementAxis">srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:DirectCostOfRevenuesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RestatementAxis">srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012024-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember42971156">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">us-gaap:CorporateMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">us-gaap:CorporateMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:OtherMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:OtherMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:IDTDigitalPaymentsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:IDTDigitalPaymentsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:BOSSRevolutionMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:BOSSRevolutionMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:IDTGlobalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:IDTGlobalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:OtherMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:OtherMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_Net2phoneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_Net2phoneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_Net2phoneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_Net2phoneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_Net2phoneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_Net2phoneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_Net2phoneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_FintechMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_Net2phoneMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2025-11-01">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
            <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2025-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
          </xbrldi:typedMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2025-11-01">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
            <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2025-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
          </xbrldi:typedMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_2025-11-01">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
            <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2025-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
          </xbrldi:typedMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2026-11-01">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
            <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2026-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
          </xbrldi:typedMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2026-11-01">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
            <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2026-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
          </xbrldi:typedMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_2026-11-01">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
            <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2026-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
          </xbrldi:typedMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2027-11-01">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
            <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2027-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
          </xbrldi:typedMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2027-11-01">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
            <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2027-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
          </xbrldi:typedMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_2027-11-01">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
            <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2027-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
          </xbrldi:typedMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2024-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
            <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2024-10-31</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
          </xbrldi:typedMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2024-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
            <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2024-10-31</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
          </xbrldi:typedMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_2024-10-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
            <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2024-10-31</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
          </xbrldi:typedMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_srt_MinimumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MinimumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_srt_MaximumMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentAxis">IDT:IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentAxis">IDT:IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentAxis">IDT:DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentAxis">IDT:DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentAxis">us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentOtherMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentAxis">us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentOtherMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">us-gaap:USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">us-gaap:CorporateBondSecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">us-gaap:USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">us-gaap:CorporateBondSecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">IDT:GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:ZedgeIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:ZedgeIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">IDT:RafaelHoldingsIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">IDT:RafaelHoldingsIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">IDT:OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">IDT:OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_MutualFundMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:MutualFundMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_MutualFundMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:MutualFundMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:VisaIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:VisaIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:VisaIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:VisaIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:ConvertiblePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:ConvertiblePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:HedgeFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:HedgeFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:OtherInvestmentsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:OtherInvestmentsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:ZedgeIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:ZedgeIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-07-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">IDT:RafaelHoldingsIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-07-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">IDT:RafaelHoldingsIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2016-06-30">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2016-06-30</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-08-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_custom_VisaClassACommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">IDT:VisaClassACommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-08-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_custom_VisaClassACommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">IDT:VisaClassACommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-08-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis">IDT:EquityMethodInvestmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis">IDT:EquityMethodInvestmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-10-312024-10-31_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis">IDT:EquityMethodInvestmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:PreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">IDT:RafaelClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">IDT:RafaelClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">IDT:ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">IDT:ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">us-gaap:EquityMethodInvesteeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">us-gaap:EquityMethodInvesteeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">us-gaap:EquityMethodInvesteeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">us-gaap:EquityMethodInvesteeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">us-gaap:EquityMethodInvesteeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">us-gaap:EquityMethodInvesteeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2023-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis">us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis">us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CreditFacilityAxis">us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityAxis">IDT:TDBankMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2021-05-17</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CreditFacilityAxis">us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityAxis">IDT:TDBankMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CreditFacilityAxis">us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityAxis">IDT:TDBankMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:IDTTelecomMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:IDTTelecomMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CreditFacilityAxis">us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityAxis">IDT:TDBankMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-05-172021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CreditFacilityAxis">us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityAxis">IDT:TDBankMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-05-17</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-05-17</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2021-09-28</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2021-09-29</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_CommonClassAandBMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:CommonClassAandBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2016-01-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:ClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2016-01-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:ClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:ClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:ClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:TitleOfIndividualAxis">IDT:EmployeesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:ClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:TitleOfIndividualAxis">IDT:EmployeesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2023-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-10-012024-10-31_custom_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember_custom_BillPereiraMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">IDT:AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:TitleOfIndividualAxis">IDT:BillPereiraMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-10-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-07-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2024-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-10-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
        <xbrli:segment>
          <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
        </xbrli:segment>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:instant>2024-10-31</xbrli:instant>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:context id="From2023-08-012024-07-31">
      <xbrli:entity>
        <xbrli:identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</xbrli:identifier>
      </xbrli:entity>
      <xbrli:period>
        <xbrli:startDate>2023-08-01</xbrli:startDate>
        <xbrli:endDate>2024-07-31</xbrli:endDate>
      </xbrli:period>
    </xbrli:context>
    <xbrli:unit id="USD">
      <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="Shares">
      <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="USDPShares">
      <xbrli:divide>
        <xbrli:unitNumerator>
          <xbrli:measure>iso4217:USD</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unitNumerator>
        <xbrli:unitDenominator>
          <xbrli:measure>xbrli:shares</xbrli:measure>
        </xbrli:unitDenominator>
      </xbrli:divide>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="Pure">
      <xbrli:measure>xbrli:pure</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="Integer">
      <xbrli:measure>IDT:Integer</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
    <xbrli:unit id="Segments">
      <xbrli:measure>IDT:Segments</xbrli:measure>
    </xbrli:unit>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact000256" toRefs="Footnote000320"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact000257" toRefs="Footnote000320"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact000259" toRefs="Footnote000320"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact000260" toRefs="Footnote000320"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact000313" toRefs="Footnote000320"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact000315" toRefs="Footnote000320"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact000317" toRefs="Footnote000320"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact000319" toRefs="Footnote000320"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001191" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001199" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1207" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001215" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1223" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1231" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1239" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001247" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001255" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1263" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001271" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1279" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1287" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1295" toRefs="Footnote001302"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001193" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1201" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001209" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001217" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1225" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1233" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1241" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001249" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1257" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001265" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001273" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1281" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1289" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1297" toRefs="Footnote001303"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1195" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1203" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001211" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001219" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001227" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001235" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001243" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1251" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="xdx2ixbrl1259" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001267" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001275" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001283" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001291" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  <ix:relationship fromRefs="Fact001299" toRefs="Footnote001304"/>
  </ix:resources>
 </ix:header>
</div>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 4pt solid; font-size: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 1.5pt solid">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span>&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>UNITED
STATES</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>SECURITIES
AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 12pt"><b>Washington,
D.C. 20549</b></span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin: 0pt auto; width: 25%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b>FORM
<span id="xdx_90D_edei--DocumentType_c20240801__20241031_zgXSFWf9lQYi"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000015" name="dei:DocumentType">10-Q</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin: 0pt auto; width: 25%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>



<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_90B_edei--DocumentQuarterlyReport_c20240801__20241031_zXEuyn4CBU5d"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" format="ixt:booleantrue" id="Fact000016" name="dei:DocumentQuarterlyReport">&#9746;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>QUARTERLY
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</b></span></td></tr></table>

<p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>FOR
THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED <span id="xdx_90A_edei--DocumentPeriodEndDate_c20240801__20241031_zgjOyTT6UO2d"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" id="Fact000017" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate">OCTOBER 31, 2024</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>or</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_edei--DocumentTransitionReport_c20240801__20241031_zRmYqjUqNvt7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000018" name="dei:DocumentTransitionReport">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>TRANSITION
REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934</b></span></td></tr></table>

<p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Commission
File Number: <span id="xdx_90B_edei--EntityFileNumber_c20240801__20241031_zIX4wIQUfFY6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000019" name="dei:EntityFileNumber">1-16371</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin: 0pt auto; width: 25%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 18pt"><b><span id="xdx_905_edei--EntityRegistrantName_c20240801__20241031_zxUehqMjU7aj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000020" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName">IDT
CORPORATION</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(Exact
Name of Registrant as Specified in its Charter)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin: 0pt auto; width: 25%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center; width: 49%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_902_edei--EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_c20240801__20241031_z8ws9M1cXvmj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" id="Fact000021" name="dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">Delaware</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></td>
    <td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center; width: 49%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_903_edei--EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_c20240801__20241031_z7EHnE6myzB4"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000022" name="dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">22-3415036</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(State
                                            or other jurisdiction of</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>incorporation
    or organization)</b></span></p></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(I.R.S.
                                            Employer</b></span></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>
    <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Identification
    Number)</b></span></p></td></tr>
</table>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center; width: 49%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_90B_edei--EntityAddressAddressLine1_c20240801__20241031_z4PfMNgeqJNf"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000023" name="dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1">520
    Broad Street</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_90C_edei--EntityAddressCityOrTown_c20240801__20241031_z7NC4CUySBVl"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000024" name="dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown">Newark</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_900_edei--EntityAddressStateOrProvince_c20240801__20241031_zMU6XkjZZDua"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" id="Fact000025" name="dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince">New Jersey</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></td>
    <td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center; width: 49%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_900_edei--EntityAddressPostalZipCode_c20240801__20241031_zf0YgBaYLSnl"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000026" name="dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode">07102</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(Address
    of principal executive offices)</b></span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(Zip
    Code)</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="xdx_90C_edei--CityAreaCode_c20240801__20241031_zwffhAkCLKP6"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000027" name="dei:CityAreaCode">(973)</ix:nonNumeric></span>
<span id="xdx_90E_edei--LocalPhoneNumber_c20240801__20241031_zFAFFXa4oHn7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000028" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber">438-1000</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(Registrant&#8217;s
telephone number, including area code)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin: 0pt auto; width: 25%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; font-size: 1pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Securities
registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 49%; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Title
    of each class</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 2%; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 49%; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Name
    of each exchange on which registered</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_903_edei--Security12bTitle_c20240801__20241031_zfmhBL9jygE1"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000029" name="dei:Security12bTitle">Class
    B common stock, par value $.01 per share</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90E_edei--SecurityExchangeName_c20240801__20241031_z6OZk6DwCdc5"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" format="ixt-sec:exchnameen" id="Fact000030" name="dei:SecurityExchangeName">New
    York Stock Exchange</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="width: 20%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; width: 60%; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Trading
    symbol: <span id="xdx_90F_edei--TradingSymbol_c20240801__20241031_zHVH4UMr57Wb"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000031" name="dei:TradingSymbol">IDT</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; padding-bottom: 1pt; vertical-align: top; width: 20%; text-indent: 0in; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2)
has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. <span id="xdx_90D_edei--EntityCurrentReportingStatus_c20240801__20241031_zh3UlkLREcyf"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000032" name="dei:EntityCurrentReportingStatus">Yes</ix:nonNumeric></span> &#9746; No &#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule
405 of Regulation S-T (&#167; 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant
was required to submit and post such files). <span id="xdx_905_edei--EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_c20240801__20241031_zCjeGd7zfY7h"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000033" name="dei:EntityInteractiveDataCurrent">Yes</ix:nonNumeric></span> &#9746; No &#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company,
or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of &#8220;large accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;accelerated filer,&#8221; &#8220;smaller
reporting company,&#8221; and &#8220;emerging growth company&#8221; in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="width: 5%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; width: 39%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Large
    accelerated filer</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; width: 5%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9744;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 10%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; width: 36%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_edei--EntityFilerCategory_c20240801__20241031_zhrotJw9ttDi"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" format="ixt-sec:entityfilercategoryen" id="Fact000034" name="dei:EntityFilerCategory">Accelerated
    filer</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; width: 5%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9746;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Non-accelerated
    filer</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#9744;</span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Smaller
    reporting company</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90D_edei--EntitySmallBusiness_c20240801__20241031_zxOGIcO5WWN3"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000035" name="dei:EntitySmallBusiness">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Emerging
    growth company</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_900_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20240801__20241031_zh6w5efOxdk2"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000036" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></td>
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">If
an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying
with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. &#9744;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Indicate
by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.): Yes &#9744; No <span id="xdx_90F_edei--EntityShellCompany_dbF_c20240801__20241031_ztINHOciwgn7"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" format="ixt:booleanfalse" id="Fact000037" name="dei:EntityShellCompany">&#9746;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 24.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of December 5, 2024, the registrant had the following shares outstanding:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; text-indent: -12pt; width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Class
    A common stock, $<span id="xdx_903_edei--EntityListingParValuePerShare_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zuiSlx5DGWG1"><ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityListingParValuePerShare" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000038" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">.01</ix:nonFraction></span> par value:</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-indent: 0in; width: 60%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_905_edei--EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_c20241205__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_z4HuHLUMIGqi"><ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2024-12-05_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000039" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,574,326</ix:nonFraction></span>
    shares outstanding (excluding 1,698,000 treasury shares)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top; padding-left: 12pt; text-indent: -12pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Class
    B common stock, $<span id="xdx_900_edei--EntityListingParValuePerShare_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zHaalOKk9Dcg"><ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityListingParValuePerShare" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000040" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">.01</ix:nonFraction></span> par value:</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90E_edei--EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_c20241205__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zsB42XCJJRP5"><ix:nonFraction name="dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2024-12-05_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000041" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">23,674,859</ix:nonFraction></span>
    shares outstanding (excluding 4,555,007 treasury shares)</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 1.5pt solid; font-size: 1pt; border-bottom: Black 4pt solid">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>





<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%"><tr><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
CORPORATION<br/>
<br/>
TABLE OF CONTENTS</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td colspan="3"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><a href="#me_001">PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION</a></b></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.5in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    1.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_002">Financial Statements (Unaudited)</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_003">Consolidated Balance Sheets</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_004">Consolidated Statements of Income</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">4</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_005">Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_006">Consolidated Statements of Equity</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_007">Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_008">Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    2.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_009">Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">22</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    3.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_010">Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">30</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    4.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_011">Controls and Procedures</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">30</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td colspan="3"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><a href="#me_012">PART II. OTHER INFORMATION</a></b></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    1.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_013">Legal Proceedings</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    1A.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_014">Risk Factors</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    2.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_015">Unregistered
    Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    3.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_016">Defaults Upon Senior Securities</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    4.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_017">Mine Safety Disclosures</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    5.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_018">Other Information</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Item
    6.</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><a href="#me_019">Exhibits</a></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">31</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td colspan="3"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><a href="#me_020">SIGNATURES</a> </b></span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">32</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 2; Options: NewSection; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->2<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="me_001"></span>PART
I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="me_002"></span>Item
1.Financial Statements (Unaudited)</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="me_003"></span>IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CONSOLIDATED
BALANCE SHEETS</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_304_111_pn3n3_zHZgTJOCuPOb" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="3" id="xdx_49A_20241031_z8tInCMX6L6h" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>October
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240731_z2oXSrfwO5a3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>July
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="3" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Unaudited)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(Note 1)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in thousands,
    except per share data)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AssetsAbstract_iB_zfvKss0OOVCj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrentAbstract_i01B_zR0HSV9KzjQ3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current assets:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_i02I_maACzFn6_zvncl9pDiFjb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cash and cash
    equivalents</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000049" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">148,019</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000050" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">164,557</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_i02I_maACzFn6_zrjV0C99qqce" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Restricted cash and cash
    equivalents</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000052" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">95,194</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000053" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">90,899</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesCurrent_i02I_maACzFn6_zP9sEkULTkB6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Debt securities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000055" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27,274</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000056" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,438</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_i02I_maACzFn6_zBmygfU1nNQc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Equity investments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000058" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,071</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000059" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,009</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_i02I_maACzFn6_zb9FSuorsCt1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Trade accounts receivable,
    net of allowance for credit losses of $<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zJBx5m5b2Nlg" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable current"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000064" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,634</ix:nonFraction></span> at October 31, 2024 and $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zMa7rgXWIeve" title="Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable current"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000066" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,352</ix:nonFraction></span> at July 31, 2024</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000061" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">41,566</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000062" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">42,215</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--SettlementAssetsCurrent_i02I_maACzFn6_zd9t1TeUf8sa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Settlement assets, net of reserve of $<span id="xdx_909_ecustom--SettlementAssetsReserve_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zIVi0QAhmlxj" title="Settlement assets, net of reserve"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:SettlementAssetsReserve" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000071" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,903</ix:nonFraction></span>
    at October 31, 2024 and $<span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--SettlementAssetsReserve_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zWHczLOjG4h1" title="Settlement assets, net of reserve"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:SettlementAssetsReserve" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000073" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,866</ix:nonFraction></span> at July 31, 2024</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SettlementAssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000068" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">25,245</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SettlementAssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000069" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">22,186</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_ecustom--DisbursementPrefunding_i02I_maACzFn6_zmBwaDiirjO" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Disbursement prefunding</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:DisbursementPrefunding" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000075" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">52,041</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:DisbursementPrefunding" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000076" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,736</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_i02I_maACzFn6_z1LAOakG9hJ2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Prepaid expenses</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000078" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,686</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000079" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,558</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_i02I_maACzFn6_zBm9wtTluoZ4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    current assets</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000081" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">24,627</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000082" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">25,927</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--AssetsCurrent_i02TI_mtACzFn6_maAz675_z5JhvTsB3mTa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total current assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000084" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">431,723</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000085" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">422,525</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_i01I_maAz675_zSTI08H7xaZg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Property, plant, and equipment, net</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000087" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38,944</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000088" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">38,652</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Goodwill_i01I_maAz675_zp4bNrgsUrij" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Goodwill</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000090" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">26,309</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Goodwill" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000091" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">26,288</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_i01I_maAz675_zkp1gdfBkPrl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other intangibles, net</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000093" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,947</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000094" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,285</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_i01I_maAz675_zGJzuHGHK5F" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Equity investments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000096" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,092</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000097" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,518</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_i01I_maAz675_zmwrT6r5oa2e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating lease right-of-use assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000099" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,101</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000100" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,273</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet_i01I_maAz675_zqDtVcQXSOzg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred income tax assets, net</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000102" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">29,523</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000103" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">35,008</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsNoncurrent_i01I_maAz675_zbpGlAQ8Jx0c" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other assets</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000105" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,995</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000106" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,546</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Assets_i01TI_mtAz675_zdcEJq3lB9e2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    assets</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Assets" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000108" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">554,634</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Assets" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000109" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">550,095</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_iB_zZMaos1vp5Ag" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest,
    and equity</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_i01B_zA0D2214mGDk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Current liabilities:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_i02I_maLCzIUV_zUIpN4TLj4mb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Trade accounts payable</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000117" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,647</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000118" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">24,773</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_i02I_maLCzIUV_zCrWagmeJ1od" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accrued expenses</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000120" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">92,821</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000121" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">103,176</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_i02I_maLCzIUV_ziTEIvi8PtH8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred revenue</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000123" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">29,321</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000124" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,364</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--DepositLiabilityCurrent_i02I_maLCzIUV_zJ8p4Q9QZWdf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Customer funds
    deposits</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepositLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000126" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">94,951</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepositLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000127" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">91,893</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_i02I_maLCzIUV_zDZWhPTfVr26" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Settlement liabilities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000129" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,710</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000130" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,764</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_i02I_maLCzIUV_zIODuK12vKae" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    current liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000132" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16,373</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000133" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16,374</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesCurrent_i02TI_mtLCzIUV_maLzvb3_zQdmpii6uyVf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total current liabilities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000135" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">269,823</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000136" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">279,344</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_i01I_maLzvb3_z1JAjT3Iswlb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating lease liabilities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000138" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,566</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000139" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,533</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_i01I_maLzvb3_zroc99mTM2i7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000141" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,058</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000142" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,662</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--Liabilities_i01TI_mtLzvb3_maLASEzis2_zRQQZcVO73O4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total liabilities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Liabilities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000144" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">272,447</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Liabilities" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000145" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">283,539</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingencies_i01I_maLASEzis2_zNYJmpvdtDR2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Commitments and contingencies</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0147">-</span>&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0148">-</span>&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount_i01I_maLASEzis2_zLDiHd1fyIw9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Redeemable noncontrolling interest</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000150" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,039</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000151" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">10,901</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--EquityAbstract_i01B_z6Y3ZIenLzE3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Equity:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityAbstract_i02B" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217;
    equity:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--PreferredStockValue_i03I_pn3n3_maSEzp86_zKDjq8U2QKPi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Preferred stock, $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20241031_zhl4HqXCigHj" title="Preferred stock, par value"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20240731_zrBQrEVmMrK4" title="Preferred stock, par value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000162" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000164" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">.01</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> par
    value; authorized shares&#8212;<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_z8P1QXQ7TQAf" title="Preferred stock, shares authorized"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_z6OXHFcv70kd" title="Preferred stock, shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000166" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000168" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">10,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>; <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3n3_do_c20241031_z0lHVU2BVHR5" title="Preferred stock, shares issued"><span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--PreferredStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3n3_do_c20240731_zbkqXGpnlqvc" title="Preferred stock, shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000170" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000172" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">no</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares issued</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0159">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0160">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--CommonStockValue_i03I_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zzzNKuHJICe9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Class A common stock, $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zjSkUk4u2ZG4" title="Common stock, par value"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zuWG7PKIzdBd" title="Common stock, par value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000177" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000179" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">.01</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>
    par value; authorized shares&#8212;<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_z5ESww7HXdpc" title="Common stock, shares authorized"><span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zyYw1MrPposd" title="Common stock, shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000181" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000183" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">35,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>; <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_z48bPO0jhXL7" title="Common stock, shares issued"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zpHT66wqYYK3" title="Common stock, shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000185" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000187" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">3,272</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares issued and <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_ziDWvN0ACwd4" title="Common stock, shares outstanding"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_z2XEaSrjsFm4" title="Common stock, shares outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000189" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000191" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">1,574</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares outstanding at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000174" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000175" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CommonStockValue_i03I_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_maSEzp86_zrEkWFl1rbI7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Class B common stock, $<span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zu1tPrcMpwml" title="Common stock, par value"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_iI_pid_c20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zzQiM7f7oYq1" title="Common stock, par value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000196" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000198" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">.01</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>
    par value; authorized shares&#8212;<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zsJ0PSyH3S97" title="Common stock, shares authorized"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesAuthorized_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z7ntDmpmmidd" title="Common stock, shares authorized"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000200" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000202" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">200,000</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>; <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zhvGVxFDQntl" title="Common stock, shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000204" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">28,229</ix:nonFraction></span> and <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesIssued_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z268byhKj4Dg" title="Common stock, shares issued"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000206" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">28,177</ix:nonFraction></span> shares issued and <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zGVHCSZ5m269" title="Common stock, shares outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000208" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">23,674</ix:nonFraction></span> and <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--CommonStockSharesOutstanding_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zX5g8Vx2iFM1" title="Common stock, shares outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000210" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">23,684</ix:nonFraction></span> shares outstanding at October 31,
    2024 and July 31, 2024, respectively</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000193" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">282</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000194" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">282</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--AdditionalPaidInCapital_i03I_maSEzp86_zsrO1OHYe0b2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Additional paid-in capital</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000212" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">305,918</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000213" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">303,510</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValue_i03NI_di_msSEzp86_zdhP2QcctGKi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Treasury stock, at cost,
    consisting of <span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockCommonShares_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zpTpb5txFsq1" title="Treasury stock shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonShares" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000218" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">1,698</ix:nonFraction></span> and <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockCommonShares_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zlUkvgW9cl97" title="Treasury stock shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonShares" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000220" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">1,698</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of Class A common stock and <span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockCommonShares_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zCXXcp6Wxkrl" title="Treasury stock shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonShares" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000222" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">4,555</ix:nonFraction></span> and <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockCommonShares_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_z2fOtaoz63hd" title="Treasury stock shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonShares" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000224" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">4,493</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of Class B common stock at October 31, 2024
    and July 31, 2024, respectively</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000215" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">128,512</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000216" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">126,080</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_i03I_maSEzp86_zIg1OdG4YE1i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Accumulated other comprehensive
    loss</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000226" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">19,709</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000227" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">18,142</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_i03I_maSEzp86_zv4w2iBHQEPa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Retained
    earnings</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000229" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">102,568</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000230" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">86,580</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquity_i03TI_pn3n3_mtSEzp86_maSEIPAzUox_ztwe9bTIjGyl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217;
    equity</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000232" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">260,580</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000233" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">246,183</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_i02I_maSEIPAzUox_zEKic87vPknc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Noncontrolling interests</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000235" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">10,568</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000236" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,472</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_i02TI_maLASEzis2_mtSEIPAzUox_zOI28NNfryQf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    equity</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000238" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">271,148</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000239" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">255,655</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_i01TI_mtLASEzis2_zpMkvn4pzluk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest, and equity</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000241" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">554,634</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000242" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">550,095</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 3; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->3<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="me_004"></span>IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF INCOME<br/>
(Unaudited)</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_302_113_pn3n3_zxzMVsXnJzG4" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="3" id="xdx_493_20240801__20241031_zREFls8747pa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20230801__20231031_zYdG3UB8ZMf2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three
    Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in thousands,
    except per share data)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_maGPzZJC_zX8LQIA8Is8h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000244" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">309,566</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000245" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">301,205</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CostOfRevenue_msGPzZJC_zHurxhufvcfg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Direct cost of revenues</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostOfRevenue" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000247" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">201,939</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CostOfRevenue" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000248" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">207,211</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--GrossProfit_iT_mtGPzZJC_maOILzV0m_zq23KZTknxsf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Gross profit</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GrossProfit" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000250" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">107,627</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GrossProfit" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000251" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">93,994</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--OperatingExpensesAbstract_iB_zufBD9jEcfn1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Operating expenses (gain):</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_i01_pn3n3_maOEzYjr_zHNlM4zFP2O3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling, general and administrative
    <span id="xdx_F47_zghu0TbGFFh9">(i)</span></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000256" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">71,051</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000257" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">64,378</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_i01_pn3n3_maOEzYjr_z5Ob2a0Ohfy4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Technology and development
    <span id="xdx_F4C_ziw7vhStqww7">(i)</span></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000259" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,759</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000260" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,410</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--SeveranceCosts1_i01_maOEzYjr_ztF0my2KKDE3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Severance</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SeveranceCosts1" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000262" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">177</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SeveranceCosts1" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000263" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">525</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_i01N_di_msOEzYjr_zFCGKcz8iKck" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    operating gain, net (see Note 10)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0265">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000266" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">484</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OperatingExpenses_i01T_mtOEzYjr_msOILzV0m_zq7E0m18iUM" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total operating expenses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingExpenses" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000268" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">83,987</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingExpenses" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000269" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">76,829</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_iT_mtOILzV0m_maILFCOzyEX_zE4gTiMiY8Sd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income from operations</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000271" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,640</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000272" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,165</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--InterestIncomeExpenseNet_maILFCOzyEX_z7QnHaDdUt1c" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Interest income, net</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InterestIncomeExpenseNet" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000274" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,428</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InterestIncomeExpenseNet" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000275" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">844</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_maILFCOzyEX_zevCcNRStbo1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other
    expense, net</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000277" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">283</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000278" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">5,586</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_iT_mtILFCOzyEX_maPLzdAK_z5Z7jpOuuBE6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income before income taxes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000280" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">24,785</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000281" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,423</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_iN_di_msPLzdAK_zClEO6fTgwH9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Provision
    for income taxes</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000283" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,302</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000284" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,947</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_iT_mtPLzdAK_maNILzgG0_zdmarvU56IEi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net income</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProfitLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000286" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">18,483</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProfitLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000287" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,476</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_iN_di_msNILzgG0_z1XjXwP5Rsj8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net
    income attributable to noncontrolling interests</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000289" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,234</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000290" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">817</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLoss_iT_mtNILzgG0_zKzxCeOVidTi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net income attributable
    to IDT Corporation</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000292" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,249</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000293" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,659</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareAbstract_iB_z4uVWzaTCkGj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation
    common stockholders:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareBasic_i01_pid_zSV5EPK7rFUl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Basic</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000298" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.68</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000299" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareDiluted_i01_pid_ze9Ehh2bGe9j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Diluted</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000301" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.68</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000302" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract_iB_zFo2OSZ7txpa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Weighted-average number of shares used in calculation of earnings per
    share:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_i01_zcKshVUAVH0h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Basic</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000307" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">25,204</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000308" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">25,178</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_i01_zOrY3S4vT4Yl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Diluted</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000310" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">25,363</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000311" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">25,277</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(i) Stock-based compensation included in:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling,
    general and administrative expense</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember_fKGkp_zoGwyrhwnHFa" title="Stock-based compensation" class="xdx_phnt_U3RhdGVtZW50IC0gQ29uc29saWRhdGVkIFN0YXRlbWVudHMgb2YgSW5jb21lIChVbmF1ZGl0ZWQpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" id="Fact000313" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">834</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__us-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember_fKGkp_zwGwQ23i5rn9" title="Stock-based compensation" class="xdx_phnt_U3RhdGVtZW50IC0gQ29uc29saWRhdGVkIFN0YXRlbWVudHMgb2YgSW5jb21lIChVbmF1ZGl0ZWQpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" id="Fact000315" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">641</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Technology
    and development expense</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_fKGkp_zOuFX2v3pFqe" title="Stock-based compensation" class="xdx_phnt_U3RhdGVtZW50IC0gQ29uc29saWRhdGVkIFN0YXRlbWVudHMgb2YgSW5jb21lIChVbmF1ZGl0ZWQpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" id="Fact000317" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">78</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--IncomeStatementLocationAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_fKGkp_zlgRASuBylO6" title="Stock-based compensation" class="xdx_phnt_U3RhdGVtZW50IC0gQ29uc29saWRhdGVkIFN0YXRlbWVudHMgb2YgSW5jb21lIChVbmF1ZGl0ZWQpIChQYXJlbnRoZXRpY2FsKQA_"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" id="Fact000319" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">130</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" border="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
  <td id="xdx_F0A_zeu5Uk0PUjx8" style="text-align: justify; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(i)</span></td>
  <td id="xdx_F14_zxxn9efeC6Mf" style="text-align: justify"><ix:footnote id="Footnote000320" xml:lang="en-US"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stock-based
  compensation included in: Technology and development expense &amp; Selling, general and administrative expense</span></ix:footnote></td></tr></table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 4; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->4<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="me_005"></span>IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(Unaudited)</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_30A_113_pn3n3_znrudA9sVLj1" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20240801__20241031_zVferBLD32B5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20230801__20231031_zskeICzSxgg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three
    Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_maCINOTzgB9_zn7bHR89Hgej" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net income</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProfitLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000322" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">18,483</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProfitLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000323" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,476</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract_iB_zrCVG3QCDcg1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other comprehensive income (loss):</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_i01_maOCILNzjqR_zqlRmftwBtyj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Change in unrealized loss
    on available-for-sale securities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000328" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">56</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000329" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">66</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_i01_maOCILNzjqR_zX1toudm7Jcd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Foreign
    currency translation adjustments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000331" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,623</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000332" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">631</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_i01T_mtOCILNzjqR_maCINOTzgB9_zO1QMLRLae91" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other comprehensive
    (loss) income</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000334" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,567</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000335" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">565</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_iT_mtCINOTzgB9_maCINOTz86w_zupyZVoCHSEf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Comprehensive income</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000337" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16,916</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000338" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,041</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_iN_di_msCINOTz86w_z3TCuXIKdw78" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Comprehensive
    income attributable to noncontrolling interests</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000340" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,234</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000341" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">817</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_iT_mtCINOTz86w_zMnFY0Okzp6a" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Comprehensive income
    attributable to IDT Corporation</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000343" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,682</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000344" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,224</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><br/></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 5; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->5<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="me_006"></span>IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF EQUITY (Unaudited)</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_300_114_pn3n3_zuVpQaYXkjFg" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--CommonStockMember_us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis_us-gaap--CommonClassAMember_zipM6lkLsa43" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--CommonStockMember_us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis_us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zLiBQKU8qwm6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BC_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_z1fiwnWMddvc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B5_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--TreasuryStockCommonMember_zmh9kYJxk4H1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BA_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_zvihOAApGImb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--RetainedEarningsMember_zQkLXvcECd59" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B3_us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis_us-gaap--NoncontrollingInterestMember_z1VmAu0SoGl5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_zerzHC6lS1Zg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="30" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Three
                                            Months Ended October 31, 2024</span></p>
                                                                  <p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
                                            thousands)</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="23" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Corporation Stockholders</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><br/>
    Class A<br/>
    Common Stock</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Class
    B<br/>
    Common Stock</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additional<br/>
    Paid-In<br/>
    Capital</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Treasury<br/>
    Stock</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accumulated<br/>
    Other<br/>
    Comprehensive<br/>
    Loss</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Retained<br/>
    Earnings</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Noncontrolling<br/>
    Interests</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total<br/>
    Equity</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>

<tr id="xdx_43F_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_iS_pn3n3_zINVevMh1Rdh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 28%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BALANCE AT
    JULY 31, 2024</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 6%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000346" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 6%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000347" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">282</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 6%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="Fact000348" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">303,510</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 6%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="Fact000349" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">126,080</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 6%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="Fact000350" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">18,142</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 6%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="Fact000351" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">86,580</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 6%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="Fact000352" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,472</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 6%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000353" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">255,655</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--DividendsCommonStock_iN_pn3n3_di_z9nZxHFLcX3h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Dividends declared ($<span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared_pid_c20240801__20241031_z2JEBTrP3TYe" title="Dividends declared per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000364" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.05</ix:nonFraction></span> per share)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0355">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0356">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0357">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0358">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0359">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="Fact000360" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,261</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0361">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000362" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,261</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_pn3n3_zFermrzUw8r4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Repurchases of Class B
    common stock through repurchase program</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0366">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0367">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0368">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="Fact000369" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,339</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0370">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0371">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0372">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000373" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,339</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_pn3n3_zZYFhKrW3hcb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Restricted Class B common
    stock purchased from employees</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0375">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0376">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0377">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="Fact000378" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,093</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0379">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0380">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0381">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000382" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,093</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther_pn3n3_z5oMFxemd9S3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Stock issued to an executive officer for bonus payment</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0384">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0385">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="Fact000386" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,824</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0387">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0388">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0389">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0390">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000391" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,824</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_pn3n3_zuHr3WZpgZL7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Stock-based compensation</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0393">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0394">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="Fact000395" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">584</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0396">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0397">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0398">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0399">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000400" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">584</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_zL3pBYBOAhv2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other comprehensive loss</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0402">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0403">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0404">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0405">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="Fact000406" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,567</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0407">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0408">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000409" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,567</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_ecustom--NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_pn3n3_zM9vGJGt4zA9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net
    income</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0411">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0412">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0413">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0414">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0415">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="Fact000416" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,249</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="Fact000417" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,096</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000418" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">18,345</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_439_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_iE_pn3n3_zw9hJAMqFo0l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BALANCE AT OCTOBER 31,
    2024</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000420" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000421" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">282</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="Fact000422" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">305,918</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="Fact000423" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">128,512</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="Fact000424" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">19,709</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="Fact000425" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">102,568</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="Fact000426" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">10,568</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000427" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">271,148</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>


<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="30" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Three
                                            Months Ended October 31, 2023</span></p>
                                                                  <p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
                                            thousands)</span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="23" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">IDT
    Corporation Stockholders</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><br/>
    Class A<br/>
    Common Stock</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Class
    B<br/>
    Common Stock</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Additional<br/>
    Paid-In<br/>
    Capital</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Treasury<br/>
    Stock</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Accumulated<br/>
    Other<br/>
    Comprehensive<br/>
    Loss</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Retained<br/>
    Earnings</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Noncontrolling<br/>
    Interests</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total<br/>
    Equity</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>

<tr id="xdx_43A_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_iS_zxeeAC5ouAvl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 28%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BALANCE AT
    JULY 31, 2023</span></td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000429" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000430" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">279</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="Fact000431" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">301,408</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="Fact000432" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">115,461</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="Fact000433" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">17,192</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="Fact000434" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">24,662</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="Fact000435" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,267</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 5%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31" id="Fact000436" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">199,996</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_436_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_iS_zomMZoDeooI" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000438" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000439" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">279</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="Fact000440" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">301,408</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="Fact000441" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">115,461</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="Fact000442" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">17,192</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="Fact000443" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">24,662</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="Fact000444" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,267</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31" id="Fact000445" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">199,996</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_zmZKvtHPnfVg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Exercise of stock options</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0447">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0448">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="Fact000449" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">172</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0450">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0451">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0452">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0453">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000454" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">172</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_ecustom--TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_zsMR8jnuRlD5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Repurchases of Class B
    common stock through repurchase program</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0456">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0457">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0458">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="Fact000459" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,836</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0460">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0461">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0462">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000463" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,836</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_ecustom--TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_z3SLJAEPtawj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Restricted Class B common
    stock purchased from employees</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0465">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0466">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0467">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="Fact000468" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">15</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0469">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0470">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0471">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000472" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">15</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_zMsUekYEY4e9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Stock-based compensation</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0474">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0475">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="Fact000476" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">771</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0477">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0478">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0479">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0480">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000481" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">771</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_iN_di_zXGOr3zM7Y4k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Distributions to noncontrolling
    interests</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0483">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0484">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0485">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0486">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0487">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0488">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="Fact000489" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">55</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000490" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">55</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_z2Y7y7oSAJq4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other comprehensive income</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0492">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0493">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0494">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0495">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="Fact000496" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">565</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0497">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0498">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000499" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">565</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_zj6txxhTeWWh" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other comprehensive income(loss)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0501">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0502">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0503">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0504">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="Fact000505" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">565</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0506">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0507">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000508" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">565</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr id="xdx_40F_ecustom--NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_zLEmqTT8vg6f" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net
    income</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0510">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0511">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0512">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0513">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0514">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="Fact000515" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,659</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="Fact000516" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">710</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000517" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,369</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_439_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_iE_z6kuEwci7tji" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BALANCE AT OCTOBER 31,
    2023</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000519" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000520" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">279</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="Fact000521" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">302,351</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="Fact000522" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">118,312</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="Fact000523" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">16,627</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="Fact000524" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">32,321</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="Fact000525" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,922</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31" id="Fact000526" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">206,967</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_436_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_iE_zXQAAh4aYhLj" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Balance</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" id="Fact000528" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact000529" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">279</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" id="Fact000530" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">302,351</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" id="Fact000531" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">118,312</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" id="Fact000532" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">16,627</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" id="Fact000533" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">32,321</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" id="Fact000534" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,922</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31" id="Fact000535" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">206,967</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 6; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->6<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="me_007"></span>IDT
CORPORATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CONSOLIDATED
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS (Unaudited)</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" id="xdx_301_112_pn3n3_zTocRsFS01ji" summary="xdx: Statement - Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240801__20241031_zEkNwX2LwYci" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20230801__20231031_zDoBNEzBbrFf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three
    Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_iB_z9CXjxWVwil5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Operating activities</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--ProfitLoss_i01_maNCPBUzmgz_zVH9qgIUuyH" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net income</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProfitLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000540" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">18,483</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProfitLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000541" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,476</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_i01B_zCITQB0VvGu4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Adjustments to reconcile net income to net
    cash provided by operating activities:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_i02_maNCPBUzmgz_zwfoEomGP4Qb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation and amortization</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000546" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,241</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000547" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,047</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits_i02_maNCPBUzmgz_zUPOo7WrXrb9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred income taxes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000549" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,485</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000550" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,561</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_i02_maNCPBUzmgz_zbo4bofoTW6j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Provision for credit losses,
    doubtful accounts receivable, and reserve for settlement assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000552" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,002</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000553" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">759</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--ShareBasedCompensation_i02_maNCPBUzmgz_zNA9zaCvvfG3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Stock-based compensation</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000555" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">912</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000556" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">771</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_i02N_di_msNCPBUzmgz_zp4FTuKR6Ged" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000558" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">692</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000559" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,425</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_i02B_zOXtJslmFRni" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Changes in assets and liabilities:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_i03N_di_msNCPBUzmgz_z3Yv20eEasha" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Trade accounts receivable</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000564" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">200</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000565" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,572</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_i03N_di_msNCPBUzmgz_zenQLiARi7O4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Settlement assets, disbursement
    prefunding, prepaid expenses, other current assets, and other assets</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000567" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">20,380</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000568" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">8,250</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_i03_maNCPBUzmgz_zlOJSy8gxJgk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Trade accounts payable,
    accrued expenses, settlement liabilities, other current liabilities, and other liabilities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000570" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">12,771</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000571" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">6,285</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities_i03_maNCPBUzmgz_zEhFvgCDcGJc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Customer funds deposits</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000573" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,810</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000574" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,017</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_i03_maNCPBUzmgz_zaqp0BHlk8I4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Deferred
    revenue</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000576" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,110</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000577" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">540</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_i01T_mtNCPBUzmgz_maCCERCzkUD_zalaEla561t5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net cash provided by operating activities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000579" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">164</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000580" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14,875</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_iB_zrJ88NSC8pKi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Investing activities</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_i01N_di_msNCPBUzBnT_zTzeVz7Hlef4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Capital expenditures</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000585" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,278</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000586" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,322</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_i01N_di_msNCPBUzBnT_zcxt0fR62wga" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Purchase of convertible
    preferred stock in equity method investment</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000588" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">673</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000589" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">672</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_i01N_di_msNCPBUzBnT_zWUvyxRVukF3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Purchases of debt securities
    and equity investments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000591" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,669</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000592" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,750</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_i01_maNCPBUzBnT_zegccfoYdbv3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Proceeds
    from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemption of equity investments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000594" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,878</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000595" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,067</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_i01T_mtNCPBUzBnT_maCCERCzkUD_z7Ne5hCiAqd4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net cash (used in) provided by investing
    activities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000597" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">8,742</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000598" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,323</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_iB_zlVyD6ZbMat8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Financing activities</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PaymentsOfDividends_i01N_di_msNCPBUz1fV_zRKifEkZWMD2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Dividends paid</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividends" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000603" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,261</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0604">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--PaymentsToMinorityShareholders_i01N_di_msNCPBUz1fV_z9QH5oAf1XEl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Distributions to noncontrolling
    interests</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0606">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToMinorityShareholders" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000607" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">55</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_i01_maNCPBUz1fV_zDSAVNlv8qMd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Proceeds from borrowings
    under revolving credit facility</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000609" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14,243</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000610" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,315</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_i01N_pn3n3_di_msNCPBUz1fV_z6CGJbvJuYrf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Repayment of borrowings
    under revolving credit facility</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000612" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14,243</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000613" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,315</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_i01_maNCPBUz1fV_zdJrDCP9QkMg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Proceeds from exercise
    of stock options</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0615">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000616" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">172</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock_i01N_di_msNCPBUz1fV_zjeWRaYNHgQb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Repurchases
    of Class B common stock</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000618" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,432</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000619" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,851</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_i01T_mtNCPBUz1fV_maCCERCzkUD_z0NKMrRWaYB7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net cash used in financing activities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000621" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,693</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000622" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,734</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_maCCERCzkUD_zsQNLxL0Aicd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Effect of exchange rate
    changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000624" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">28</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000625" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">6,834</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_iT_pn3n3_mtCCERCzkUD_zVtnfihHBvUf" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash
    equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000627" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">12,243</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000628" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,630</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iS_zIvCOLjf9IF5" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cash, cash equivalents,
    and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000630" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">255,456</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31" id="Fact000631" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">198,823</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iE_zWsQbRUYpMDg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Cash, cash equivalents,
    and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000633" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">243,213</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31" id="Fact000634" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">208,453</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract_iB_z6YprRCQSP2j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Supplemental Schedule of Non-Cash Financing
    Activities</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther_i01_zQERaR9vujhb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock
    issued to an executive officer for bonus payment</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000639" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,824</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0640">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">See
accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 7; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->7<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="me_008"></span>IDT
CORPORATION</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>NOTES
TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS<br/>
(Unaudited)</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000642" name="us-gaap:BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zQBAldpnxki1" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
1&#8212;<span id="xdx_82D_zqo1SmiOpHcj">Basis of Presentation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of IDT Corporation and its subsidiaries (the &#8220;Company&#8221; or &#8220;IDT&#8221;)
have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (&#8220;U.S. GAAP&#8221;)
for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include
all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments
(consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the
three months ended October 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending July
31, 2025. The balance sheet at July 31, 2024 has been derived from the Company&#8217;s audited financial statements at that date but
does not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, please
refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended July 31, 2024, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s fiscal year ends on July 31 of each calendar year. Each reference below to a fiscal year refers to the fiscal year ending
in the calendar year indicated (e.g., fiscal 2025 refers to the fiscal year ending July 31, 2025).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 31, 2024, the Company owned <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20241031__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_znxFc4hHfQ0d" title="Ownership percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" id="Fact000644" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">94.0</ix:nonFraction></span>%
of the outstanding shares of its subsidiary, net2phone 2.0, Inc. (&#8220;net2phone 2.0&#8221;), which owns and operates the
net2phone segment, and <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20241031__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zkM2XFKd0W48" title="Ownership percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact000646" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">81.5</ix:nonFraction></span>%
of the outstanding shares of National Retail Solutions (&#8220;NRS&#8221;). On a fully diluted basis assuming all the vesting
criteria related to various rights granted have been met, the Company would own <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_pid_dp_uPure_c20240801__20241031__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zGfNSWHD0iJd" title="Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" id="Fact000648" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">90.3</ix:nonFraction></span>%
of the equity of net2phone 2.0 and <span id="xdx_907_ecustom--FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_pid_dp_uPure_c20240801__20241031__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_z8iys4JhYOIa" title="Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact000650" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">79.3</ix:nonFraction></span>%
of NRS.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000652" name="us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription"><p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription_zfA9G5VxSKX5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span id="xdx_866_zIf7aA35Rqsc">Reclassifications</span></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">From and after August 1, 2024, the Company reclassified certain customer funds for pending money transfers in its
consolidated financial statements. In the consolidated balance sheet at July 31, 2024, $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20240731__srt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_zEaXbE2WSsVf" title="Settlement liabilities"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember" id="Fact000654" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">8.9</ix:nonFraction></span> million previously included in &#8220;Settlement
liabilities&#8221; was reclassified to &#8220;Customer funds deposits,&#8221; and in the consolidated statements of cash flows in the
three months ended October 31, 2023, cash used for &#8220;Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, settlement liabilities, other current
liabilities, and other liabilities&#8221; of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__srt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_zvel8jM4EtHi" title="Customer funds deposits"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember" id="Fact000656" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.7</ix:nonFraction></span> million was reclassified to cash used for &#8220;Customer funds deposits&#8221;. These
amounts were reclassified to conform to the current year&#8217;s presentation.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
and after February 1, 2024, the Company reclassified most of its technology and development expenses from &#8220;Selling, general and
administrative&#8221; expense to a new &#8220;Technology and development&#8221; expense caption in the consolidated statements of income
and reclassified an amount that was immaterial in all periods to &#8220;Direct cost of revenues.&#8221; The following table shows the
amounts that were reclassified in the three months ended October 31, 2023 to conform to the current period&#8217;s presentation:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000658" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock_zWwcZQG94Jhh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B9_z9JvzkbiMJxh">Schedule
of Amount that were Reclassified</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_491_20240801__20241031_zJO62zg0J9wj" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling, general and administrative expense
    reclassified to:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--DirectCostofRevenuesMember_z5my8uBtlpm4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 80%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Direct
    cost of revenues</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_custom_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember" id="Fact000660" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">434</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsAhJJ4oIyz9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Technology
    and development expenses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" id="Fact000662" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,410</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsUpfxDfKIVj" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling,
    general and administrative expense</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" id="Fact000664" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,410</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>
<!-- Field: Split-Segment; Name: 001 -->
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000666" name="us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock_zrgaFMmDPipc" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
2&#8212;<span id="xdx_823_zu6jSSuU8uX9">Business Segment Information</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--NumberOfReportableSegments_pid_dc_uSegments_c20230801__20241031_zqS0l14LQO37" title="Number of reportable segments"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NumberOfReportableSegments" contextRef="From2023-08-012024-10-31" id="Fact000668" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="INF" unitRef="Segments">four</ix:nonFraction></span> reportable business segments, NRS, Fintech, net2phone, and Traditional Communications.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
NRS segment is an operator of a nationwide point-of-sale (&#8220;POS&#8221;) network providing independent retailers with store management
software, electronic payment processing, and other ancillary merchant services. NRS&#8217; POS platform provides marketers with digital
out-of-home advertising and transaction data.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Fintech segment is comprised of: (i) BOSS Money, a provider of international money remittance and related value/payment transfer
services; and (ii) other, significantly smaller, financial services businesses, including a variable interest entity
(&#8220;VIE&#8221;) that processes disbursement payments, and IDT Financial Services Limited (&#8220;IDT Financial
Services&#8221;), the Company&#8217;s Gibraltar-based bank.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net2phone segment is comprised of net2phone&#8217;s integrated cloud communications and contact center services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Traditional Communications segment includes: (i) IDT Digital Payments, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime,
messaging, and data to international and domestic mobile accounts: (ii) BOSS Revolution, an international long-distance calling service
marketed primarily to immigrant communities in the United States and Canada; and (iii) IDT Global, a wholesale provider of international
voice and SMS termination and outsourced traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide. Traditional Communications also includes
other small businesses and offerings including early-stage business initiatives and mature businesses in harvest mode.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s reportable segments are distinguished by types of service, customers, and methods used to provide their services. The
operating results of these business segments are regularly reviewed by the Company&#8217;s chief operating decision maker. The accounting
policies of the segments are the same as the accounting policies of the Company as a whole. There are no significant asymmetrical allocations
to segments. The Company evaluates the performance of its business segments based primarily on income (loss) from operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 8; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->8<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
costs mainly include compensation, consulting fees, treasury, tax and accounting services, human resources, corporate purchasing, corporate
governance including Board of Directors&#8217; fees, internal and external audit, investor relations, corporate insurance, corporate
legal, and other corporate-related general and administrative expenses. Corporate does not generate any revenues, nor does it incur any
direct cost of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000670" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock"><p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zBcpZIwSyFr5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
results for the business segments of the Company were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zoURLZLM3Yhb" style="display: none">Schedule
of Operating Results of Business Segments</span> &#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BE_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zOP9BVI6zqR9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BC_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zSW2Z15jtbL6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fintech</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B0_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_zZp0a7jDyElj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B2_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zHf9U4QDfut8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Traditional
    Communications</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_us-gaap--CorporateMember_zinPPjg94Pbh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Corporate</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BB_zLoel4FNRPQ9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three Months Ended October 31, 2024</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_434_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zBJO1BI9eTQc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember42971156" id="Fact000672" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,362</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000673" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">37,070</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000674" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">21,620</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000675" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">220,514</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0676">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000677" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">309,566</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_43D_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_zoQ5zHNjD70i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income (loss) from operations</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember42971156" id="Fact000679" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,613</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000680" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,236</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000681" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">999</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000682" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,672</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember" id="Fact000683" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,880</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000684" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,640</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_435_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_di_zaENFPOcEy93" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation and amortization</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember42971156" id="Fact000686" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">960</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000687" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">735</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000688" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,557</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000689" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,972</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember" id="Fact000690" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000691" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,241</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three Months Ended October 31, 2023</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_435_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zePNjOjwLZDe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact000693" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,995</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000694" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">26,563</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000695" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">19,927</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$$<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000696" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">230,720</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0697">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000698" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">301,205</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_430_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_z2piqOL9V34l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income (loss) from operations</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact000700" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,460</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000701" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,383</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000702" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">7</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000703" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,406</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember" id="Fact000704" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">2,311</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000705" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,165</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_430_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_di_zyiky1Phy2Rk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation and amortization</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact000707" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">735</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000708" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">693</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000709" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,440</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000710" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,148</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember" id="Fact000711" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">31</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000712" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,047</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zmN55BUI7Mad" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000714" name="us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock"><p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_zdrSTvyadFFf" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
3&#8212;<span id="xdx_826_zef2NSw1bCNc">Revenue Recognition</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company earns revenue from contracts with customers, primarily through the provision of retail telecommunications and payment offerings
as well as wholesale international voice and SMS termination. BOSS Money, NRS, and net2phone are technology-driven, synergistic businesses
that leverage the Company&#8217;s core assets. BOSS Money&#8217;s and NRS&#8217; revenues are primarily recognized at a point in time,
and net2phone&#8217;s revenue is mainly recognized over time. Traditional Communications&#8217; offerings are mostly minute-based, paid-voice
communications services, and revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time. The Company&#8217;s most significant revenue streams
are from IDT Digital Payments, BOSS Revolution, and IDT Global. IDT Digital Payments and BOSS Revolution are sold direct-to-consumer
and through distributors and retailers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Disaggregated
Revenues</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000716" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_zRhzElQV0hFg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table shows the Company&#8217;s revenues disaggregated by business segment and service offered to customers:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zJmfYSmG2Irc" style="display: none">Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240801__20241031_zeNu84q3B9U5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zeBsyCFKgOk6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zkQNp5dgtase" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember42971156" id="Fact000718" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,362</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact000719" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,995</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zFcQiMaTV6G7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -1.35pt; padding-left: 11.55pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BOSS
    Money</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000721" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">33,693</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000722" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">24,239</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zFMZbBNLOm1l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -1.35pt; padding-left: 11.55pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000724" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,377</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000725" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,324</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zA9rhJ1irVg2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -0.15in; padding-left: 12pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    Fintech</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000727" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">37,070</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000728" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">26,563</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_z59GnQjYNwZg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -9.6pt; padding-left: 0.15in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000730" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">21,620</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000731" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">19,927</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTDigitalPaymentsMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zgWXAzEDGtfc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">IDT Digital Payments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000733" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">105,119</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000734" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">100,038</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zSA3wImlyLXe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BOSS Revolution</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000736" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">56,842</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000737" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">71,170</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTGlobalMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zt6m7NMmwXM3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">IDT Global</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000739" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">52,375</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000740" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">52,034</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_z3O7dSEt3Nn8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 9.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000742" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,178</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000743" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,478</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zwulr7VPOv5e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -10.3pt; padding-left: 11.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    Traditional Communications</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000745" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">220,514</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000746" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">230,720</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zOZnbQ9thnA7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: 0.7pt; padding-left: 0.15in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000748" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">309,566</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000749" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">301,205</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zmI4HPb71nYk" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: 0.7pt; padding-left: 0.15in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000751" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">309,566</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000752" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">301,205</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A0_zKHEXZdz6DLe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 9; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->9<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000754" name="us-gaap:RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_zsuBFbqsoR3g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
following table shows the Company&#8217;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zVOWjyMAytNb" style="display: none">Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region</span><span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal">&#160;</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BA_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zauJRBtRr811" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zr4jchhupaTj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fintech</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_zF7k1H2fsPHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_ziTMXaoOnUXd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Traditional
    Communications</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_zlFDD9Z7jbz" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three Months Ended October 31, 2024</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_437_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zgG4Nc0umrhg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 35%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">United States</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact000756" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,362</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000757" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">35,889</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000758" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,293</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000759" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">165,221</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US" id="Fact000760" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">243,765</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outside the United States:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_435_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zHVdTjDmUyb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">United Kingdom</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0762">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0763">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0764">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000765" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">47,957</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB" id="Fact000766" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">47,957</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_436_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ztzT8xAz6kZh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0768">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000769" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,181</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000770" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,327</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000771" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,336</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember" id="Fact000772" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">17,844</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_438_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zmqslYvisWC3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    outside the United States</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0774">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000775" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,181</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000776" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,327</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000777" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">55,293</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember" id="Fact000778" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">65,801</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_437_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zJ1jAURaDqV6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember42971156" id="Fact000780" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,362</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000781" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">37,070</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000782" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">21,620</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000783" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">220,514</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000784" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">309,566</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BA_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zhKPGa4kxAbg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zm63IGPMffvj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fintech</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_ziY0yqajcgu9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zsep3mO0QrJ2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Traditional
    Communications</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_z4SAjdujXB7a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three Months Ended October 31, 2023</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_437_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zDwvIy3oVeg1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 35%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">United States</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact000786" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,995</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000787" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">25,834</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000788" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">10,688</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000789" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">163,068</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US" id="Fact000790" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">223,585</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outside the United States:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_434_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zkgHpn6AOi57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">United Kingdom</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0792">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0793">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0794">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000795" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">58,843</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB" id="Fact000796" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">58,843</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_433_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zWnSa3jVBjc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0798">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000799" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">729</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000800" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,239</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000801" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,809</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember" id="Fact000802" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">18,777</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_431_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zNRVCJ50tH5h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    outside the United States</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0804">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000805" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">729</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000806" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,239</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000807" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">67,652</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember" id="Fact000808" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">77,620</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_436_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_z6Gs4DPhDVPh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact000810" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,995</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000811" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">26,563</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000812" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">19,927</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000813" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">230,720</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000814" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">301,205</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_43E_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ztZ1C7ynCRAi" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact000816" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,995</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember" id="Fact000817" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">26,563</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember" id="Fact000818" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">19,927</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" id="Fact000819" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">230,720</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Revenues" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000820" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">301,205</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zHwXOeHPwo99" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Remaining
Performance Obligations</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000822" name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock_ziNyHAU5FH41" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table includes revenue by business segment expected to be recognized in the future from performance obligations that were unsatisfied
or partially unsatisfied as of October 31, 2024. The table excludes contracts that had an original expected duration of one year or less.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BC_zaBnNKrHJDo5" style="display: none">Schedule
of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20241031__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zNCZ2nuEB754" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20241031__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zxTem6WAEtR6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20241031_zImR63AYFXZf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve-month period ending October 31:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2025-11-01_zfaDgn0WdKr2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 46%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2025-11-01_ztdpkDsGzpF" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P1Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0828">2025</span></span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2025-11-01" id="Fact000824" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,920</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2025-11-01" id="Fact000825" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">39,399</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2025-11-01" id="Fact000826" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">46,319</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2026-11-01_z0WWRwBkhBW9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2026-11-01_zGWnKkFjjH11" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P1Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0834">2026</span></span></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2026-11-01" id="Fact000830" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,743</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2026-11-01" id="Fact000831" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">19,095</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2026-11-01" id="Fact000832" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">24,838</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2027-11-01_zoeXEG8T2g0h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2027-11-01_zcsJlNWK5Pmc" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P0Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0840">Thereafter</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2027-11-01" id="Fact000836" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,545</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2027-11-01" id="Fact000837" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,284</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2027-11-01" id="Fact000838" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,829</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2024-10-31_zlus9PvKtmd7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2024-10-31_zWEXDwNGCsQl" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P0Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0846">Total</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2024-10-31" id="Fact000842" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">18,208</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2024-10-31" id="Fact000843" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">65,778</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2024-10-31" id="Fact000844" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">83,986</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AB_zTx3wCE3Ouig" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Accounts
Receivable and Contract Balances</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
timing of revenue recognition may differ from the time of billing to the Company&#8217;s customers. Trade accounts receivable in the
Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets represent unconditional rights to consideration. The Company would record a contract asset
when revenue is recognized in advance of its right to bill and receive consideration. The Company has not currently identified any contract
assets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contract
liabilities arise when the Company receives consideration or bills its customers prior to providing the goods or services promised in
the contract. The Company&#8217;s contract liability balance is primarily payments received for prepaid BOSS Revolution. Contract liabilities
are recognized as revenue when services are provided to the customer. The contract liability balances are presented in the Company&#8217;s
consolidated balance sheets as &#8220;Deferred revenue&#8221;.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000848" name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_zF47CxzOzL29" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table presents information about the Company&#8217;s contract liability balance:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zH3oOzmzAFhd" style="display: none">Schedule
of Information About Contract Liabilities</span> &#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20240801__20241031_zd83Ixy1NsOh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20230801__20231031_z6QbBvWAPVFc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn3n3_zmXd12O9K6Ad" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue
    recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000850" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">13,600</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000851" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16,089</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A7_zSNOgkgHrand" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></p>

<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 10; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->10<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Deferred
Customer Contract Acquisition and Fulfillment Costs</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes as an asset its incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer that it expects to recover. The Company&#8217;s
incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are sales commissions paid to employees and third parties on sales to end users.
If the amortization period were one year or less for the asset that would be recognized from deferring these costs, the Company applies
the practical expedient whereby the Company charges these costs to expense when incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s costs to fulfill its contracts do not meet the criteria to be recognized as an asset, therefore these costs are charged
to expense as incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000853" name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_z8fPqxNshWUf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BC_z7s9MZQHT341" style="display: none">Schedule of Deferred
Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20241031_z6cYDaU3EBt8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31,<br/>
    2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20240731_ztE7iDOJgIP6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31,<br/>
    2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zO91caBJexCh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred customer
    contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000855" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,948</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000856" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,823</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zewGvE1GiqSc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred
    customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other assets&#8221;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000858" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,549</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000859" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,276</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCCNzHg2_zMBG7kn3O2Di" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000861" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,497</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000862" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,099</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A5_zhwxG4ir6wD6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000864" name="IDT:AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_891_ecustom--AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_zqUP8ojatLJ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs during the periods were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_zCQcXqcN7N57" style="display: none">Schedule
of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240801__20241031_zqzvP79ubMog" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zfDh0L9Hzv9d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn3n3_zd9o1teLWWX7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amortization
    of deferred customer contract acquisition costs</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000866" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,498</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000867" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,215</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A8_zSgsOIHXQt6h" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000869" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_znaFrpO7pjT5" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
4&#8212;<span id="xdx_827_zOPiNGr1uGik">Leases</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s leases primarily consist of operating leases for office space. These leases have remaining terms from less than <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dxL_c20241031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zlTmiJj7ja3d" title="Lessee, operating lease, term of contract::XDX::P1Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0871">one year</span></span>
to approximately <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20241031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zn5WBKQOWk9b" title="Lessee, operating lease, term of contract"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_srt_MaximumMember" format="ixt-sec:durwordsen" id="Fact000873" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract">five years</ix:nonNumeric></span>. Certain of these leases contain renewal options that may be exercised and/or options to terminate the lease. The Company
has concluded that it is not reasonably certain that it would exercise any of these options.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000875" name="us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zDfkMcN1jNgb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#8217;s operating leases were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B6_ztO6McD2FYVg" style="display: none">Schedule of Supplemental
Disclosures Related to the Company&#8217;s Operating Leases</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20240801__20241031_zdP7ZADFTyG1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2024</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20230801__20231031_zbRH4D4E7sHh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2023</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2024</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2023</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn3n3_z55qfi6WLOa3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating lease
    cost</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000877" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">601</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000878" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">758</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ShortTermLeaseCost_pn3n3_zZcvLSCF7QP9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Short-term
    lease cost</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000880" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">258</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000881" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">326</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_pn3n3_z1GPA7qkvSKb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    lease cost</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseCost" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000883" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">859</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LeaseCost" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000884" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,084</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash paid for amounts included
    in the measurement of lease liabilities:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zjYuzjboLDTc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
    cash flows from operating leases</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000886" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">614</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000887" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">791</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zTq3bEbLceb7" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000889" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">614</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000890" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">791</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A8_zMFQqFXljkq2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000892" name="IDT:ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_893_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zhdviNaAKtc9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zWAeTzN3vdle" style="display: none">Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October
                                            31,<br/> 2024</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
                                            31,<br/> 2024</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted-average
    remaining lease term-operating leases</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20241031_zTVdUZN6eME9" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" id="Fact000894" name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">2.5</ix:nonNumeric></span>
                                            years</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20240731_zy1jB6cVoj0e" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" format="ixt-sec:duryear" id="Fact000896" name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">2.6</ix:nonNumeric></span>
                                            years</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted-average
    discount rate-operating leases</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20241031_zBo7DnU9Odl5" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000898" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">5.7</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20240731_z09EY1Yclooa" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000900" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">5.6</ix:nonFraction></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AB_zTxhnt29aFQ2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company obtained right-of-use assets of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031_zhTqlC7wOe4f" title="Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000902" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031_zkb4Wsp4zAjf" title="Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact000904" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively,
in exchange for new operating lease liabilities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000906" name="IDT:ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89B_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zsGs857t9vh2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s aggregate operating lease liability was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zazlYJ97rgW2" style="display: none">Schedule of Aggregate
Operating Lease Liability</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20241031_ze4vFJ4splrl" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October
                                            31,<br/> 2024</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240731_zcBnjq466lU" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
                                            31,<br/> 2024</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><b>(in thousands)</b></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zvN0JlMT8z8j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating lease
    liabilities included in &#8220;<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_iI_dxL_c20240731_zrS103F82HI6" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherLiabilitiesCurrent"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_iI_dxL_c20241031_zxW4U7OW2K16" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherLiabilitiesCurrent"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0910"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0911">Other current liabilities</span></span></span></span>&#8221;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000908" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,640</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000909" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,866</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zVVirZdyfuE9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
    lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000913" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,566</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000914" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,533</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzDbj_z5Qi265PMjg9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000916" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,206</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000917" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,399</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AA_zIsiDVlBQw13" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 11; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->11<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000919" name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zZVGHGkVXHo1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B6_zj958iyN33mh" style="display: none">Schedule
of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20241031_zvkBjO71tjPe"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Twelve-month period ending October 31:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zeY0PKqxdgQl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 84%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2025</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000921" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,768</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zHBYaB8B6zMd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2026</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000923" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">801</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z1z3sD6E9Ihl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2027</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000925" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">500</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z2AkBfjJNvN4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2028</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000927" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">198</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z4G9ghN7z602" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2029</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000929" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">186</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zbttOgIBTord" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 0pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Thereafter</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000931" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzXtU_zoSDAKqd5Ot9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    lease payments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000933" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,468</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zZxu6sqW0NVl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Less
    imputed interest</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000935" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">262</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    operating lease liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000937" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,206</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>
<!-- Field: Split-Segment; Name: 002 -->
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric></ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000939" name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_ztOzR4wOcAGj" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
5&#8212;<span id="xdx_824_zaiCNvskF4K9">Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000941" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zUXpxGnJoin2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span id="xdx_8BA_zZp4yESkbK7g" style="display: none">Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20241031_z90I9ocNykza" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240731_zyu8Ah67vxL" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zDJxy9OxDKg6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash and cash
    equivalents</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000943" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">148,019</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000944" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">164,557</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zY4ZCwbhezPc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Restricted
    cash and cash equivalents</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000946" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">95,194</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000947" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">90,899</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzDIV_zKRbuuxeHqB1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000949" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">243,213</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000950" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">255,456</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AC_zfNWTm5udUe8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000952" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock"><p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock_zWeUfuYIWPQd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Restricted cash and cash equivalents included the following:</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_8B8_zRu8LkopQAfg" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
                                            of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents</span></p>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20241031_zvTniIPo4Qn8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20240731_ztBPWRhltbNf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31,</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember_zCHluQZ5guj9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left">IDT Financial Services (Gibraltar)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember" id="Fact000954" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">79,747</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember" id="Fact000955" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">83,284</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__custom--DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember_zgEkTARzdvzj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Disbursement payments VIE</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember" id="Fact000957" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,289</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember" id="Fact000958" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,426</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentOtherMember_zODRAvAh6bY2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember" id="Fact000960" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">158</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember" id="Fact000961" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">189</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_zoq7I4fBXHXg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total restricted cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000963" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">95,194</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000964" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">90,899</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>
</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A4_zRUS391hW9n9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain of the electronic money financial services regulations
in Gibraltar require IDT Financial Services to safeguard cash held for customer deposits, segregate cash held for customer deposits from
any other cash that IDT Financial Services holds and utilize the cash only for the intended payment transaction. In addition, the VIE is contractually required to use customer funds only for the customers&#8217; pending money
disbursements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000966" name="us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zQyKOpav7hDg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
6&#8212;<span id="xdx_82C_zKp1GkOSJ828">Debt Securities</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact000968" name="us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_z1QJU7yVZkGk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span id="xdx_8BA_zEsdWg814bUj" style="display: none">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Amortized
    Cost</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Gross
    Unrealized Gains</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Gross
    Unrealized Losses</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; width: 36%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zBpbcUDY0BL3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000970" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">20,568</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zBvrBqGu0BVe" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000972" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zyG8KOSFG4b4" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000973" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">52</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zmdBBpTdUMOe" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000974" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">20,532</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Government
    sponsored enterprise notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_znYHmjRhmJDg" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000976" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,342</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zeqKFumxp8s5" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000978" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_z0pieVzClFEh" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0979">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zzG4cKqLY7Td" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000980" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,343</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zz57wj3SgHKh" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000982" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,688</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zir8mO5nMAA3" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000984" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zkUfUr62ae2c" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000985" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">290</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zyEqiAeJpJi2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000986" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,399</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_z8lcQdESimdi" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000988" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27,598</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zNnEyhSDZLVb" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000990" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">18</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031_zeFzHm82oCm2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000991" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">342</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zADO7qzqaGJl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000992" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27,274</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zYW7uTE9cQP6" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000994" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16,641</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zK0mJqMKkWVi" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000996" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">10</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zvfCdddoMrC1" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000997" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">66</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_ztm2WxcS1la4" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact000998" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16,585</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Government
    sponsored enterprise notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zLULUTXdcCyh" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001000" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,356</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zDqcKdTb5X9i" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1002">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zCRNbeUeASK5" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001003" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zsZEQtcsBX7i" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001004" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,353</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zaG5pxiTYbBl" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001006" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,821</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zmLWNay04lXj" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001008" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z7XFlvw7bsfb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001009" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">322</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_ztdKOb9OtTHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001010" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,500</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zuAMRwrsjFVk" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001012" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,818</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_ziHlxkpXBEIc" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001014" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731_zYSgqj88ASQ8" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001015" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">391</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_z7qzV8Zulon2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001016" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,438</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A6_zt0BF0OIlhn5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 12; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->12<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
gross unrealized losses in the table above are recorded in &#8220;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&#8221; in the consolidated balance
sheets. As of October 31, 2024, the Company determined that the unrealized losses were due to changes in interest rates or market liquidity
and were not due to credit losses. In addition, as of October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company did not intend to sell any of the
securities with unrealized losses, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell any of these securities
before recovery of the unrealized losses, which may be at maturity.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proceeds
from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments were $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031_zD5Ppy1xDG59" title="Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001018" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">9.9</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031_zKRYGofY7Tvb" title="Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001020" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">17.1</ix:nonFraction></span> million in the three
months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There were no realized gains or realized losses from sales of debt securities in
the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company uses the specific identification method in computing the realized gains
and realized losses on the sales of debt securities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001022" name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_zDMYN6CAxXsc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
The contractual maturities of the Company&#8217;s available-for-sale debt securities at October 31, 2024 were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span id="xdx_8B9_zu825T1AbdK6" style="display: none">Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20241031_zaKMruZH7Xjk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in
                                            thousands)</b></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zYjfgAQsHb02" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Within one year</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001024" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">20,752</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zvels4SupvR8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After one year through five
    years</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001026" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,562</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zv5Yo7ZXK3K" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After five years through ten
    years</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001028" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">923</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_z2EwPkWZ1Ppl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After
    ten years</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001030" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">37</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDz3sI_z0sjVDktA9Hc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001032" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27,274</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A1_zmQIawOEpR39" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001034" name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zFZZtJixcDDd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table includes the fair value of the Company&#8217;s available-for-sale debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BF_z3omZCr3WT7b" style="display: none">Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized
    Losses</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; width: 68%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zuD1NCeD3WJg" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001035" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">52</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z7GamBuAj6xi" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001036" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">11,915</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zqrdfzxk894i" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001037" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">290</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z4CLYOa7xhRf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001038" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,280</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zeRR9w7Z3Myh" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001039" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">342</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zCFjs55piE9a" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001040" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,195</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z0fF3iYwJP79" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001041" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">66</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z1sqRPC2zvB9" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001042" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">12,936</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Government
    sponsored enterprise notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__custom--GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_zNP8H8qxymSk" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember" id="Fact001043" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__custom--GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_zW1hwPLK5DHf" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember" id="Fact001044" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,634</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zKs8I8lBuHCl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001045" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">322</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zvAEEmYUhDQc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001046" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,310</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zQTRfAX2cIDi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001047" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">391</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_za5dZKylHO21" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001048" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">18,880</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A5_zCAMDrwlfkeg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001050" name="IDT:ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock_z69u2gw05c79" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months
or longer:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span id="xdx_8B8_z1gMDfCg5hM9" style="display: none">Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized
    Losses</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.
    Treasury bills and notes</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zyplVtPMaBtl" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001051" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">42</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zUgN7OazvbFg" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001052" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,306</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zErjDNgBpbwj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001053" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">275</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zE3zVojLMBib" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001054" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,108</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zJsb5r9Bw1r6" title="Unrealized Losses" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001056" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">317</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_z0FZtK4sMRf2" title="Fair Value" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001058" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,414</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zUzxIPiBjeV2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001059" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">60</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zB0HJWAhmRpb" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001060" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,827</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zAeVO2jff9Of" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001061" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">307</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zD4XZUwmAAI2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" id="Fact001062" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,209</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zDYqz7SVkwb9" title="Unrealized Losses" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001064" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">367</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zwdhn3uQBAqi" title="Fair Value" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001066" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,036</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AF_zswiukuMRFN3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span>&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 13; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->13<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001068" name="us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock_z7wzIHRGcfgc" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
7&#8212;<span id="xdx_829_zA1fyiVAjp7g">Equity Investments</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001070" name="IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89D_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zRQGh72io4ok" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
investments consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_z9GmL1y7Qoq7" style="display: none">Schedule of Equity Investments</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20241031_zCh7BH5JFeY6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240731_z82GLLOWRlF9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z6dOHApki1d4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Zedge, Inc. Class
    B common stock, <span id="xdx_903_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_znBL7CbIgUga" title="Number of related party shares received" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__"><span id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20230801__20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zw8y0HtSZRye" title="Number of related party shares received" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember" id="Fact001075" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" contextRef="From2023-08-012024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember" id="Fact001077" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">42,282</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember" id="Fact001072" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">130</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember" id="Fact001073" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">153</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zgzkyRwiRM26" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class
    B common stock, <span id="xdx_901_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20230801__20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z4A5lzAjG22h" title="Number of related party shares received" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__"><span id="xdx_904_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zUrxVKTnZ1Df" title="Number of related party shares received" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" contextRef="From2023-08-012024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" id="Fact001082" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" id="Fact001084" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">278,810</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" id="Fact001079" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">516</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" id="Fact001080" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">416</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__custom--OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_zumUu73z1hkg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other marketable equity securities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" id="Fact001086" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">53</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" id="Fact001087" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">70</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--MutualFundMember_zeIJZwNdw6I" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fixed
    income mutual funds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_MutualFundMember" id="Fact001089" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,372</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_MutualFundMember" id="Fact001090" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,370</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_zS06qOCyPRji" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Current
    equity investments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001092" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,071</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001093" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,009</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_z2I1DRZgxNoi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Visa Inc. Series C Convertible
    Participating Preferred Stock (&#8220;Visa Series C Preferred&#8221;)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember" id="Fact001095" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">758</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember" id="Fact001096" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">695</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zhPvFXxbYoD8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Visa Inc. Series A Convertible
    Participating Preferred Stock (&#8220;Visa Series A Preferred&#8221;)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1098">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember" id="Fact001099" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">877</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockMember_zrryMmol7LI6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Convertible preferred stock&#8212;equity
    method investment</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember" id="Fact001101" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,231</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember" id="Fact001102" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,338</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--HedgeFundsMember_zoyR26JjtSy8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hedge funds</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember" id="Fact001104" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,878</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember" id="Fact001105" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,883</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--OtherInvestmentsMember_zijJRi8uDga8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" id="Fact001107" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,225</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" id="Fact001108" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">725</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_zyDbQFnwK9b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Noncurrent
    equity investments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001110" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,092</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LongTermInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001111" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,518</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A6_zmFHsXV2Sz01" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Howard
S. Jonas, the Chairman of the Company and the Chairman of the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors is also the Vice-Chairman of the Board
of Directors of Zedge, Inc. and the Chairman of the Board of Directors and Executive Chairman of Rafael Holdings, Inc.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
June 2016, upon the acquisition of Visa Europe Limited by Visa, Inc. (&#8220;Visa&#8221;), IDT Financial Services received <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20160630_zzVKX5EJPkDd" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2016-06-30" id="Fact001113" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">1,830</ix:nonFraction></span> shares
of Visa Series C Preferred among other consideration. In July 2024, in connection with Visa&#8217;s mandatory release assessment, the
Company received <span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zXzFcQXnPPzf" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" id="Fact001115" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">33</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of Visa&#8217;s Series A Preferred. In August 2024, the <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20240831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_z3gcdbxhoUj3" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2024-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" id="Fact001117" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">33</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of Visa Series A Preferred were converted
into <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20240831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_z6zxv7JY8Jt3" title="Owned shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" contextRef="AsOf2024-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_custom_VisaClassACommonStockMember" id="Fact001119" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">3,300</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of Visa Class A common stock, which the Company sold for $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_pn5n6_c20240801__20240831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zexjnWDp8Cf4" title="Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemption of equity investments"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_custom_VisaClassACommonStockMember" id="Fact001121" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.9</ix:nonFraction></span> million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001123" name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_z7hCg7cPASJc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#8217;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zuvlY09YZ5Qd" style="display: none">Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20240801__20241031_zzPsHqf2074b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20230801__20231031_z514LlVfWke2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zq3cFkwDFGG1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance, beginning of period</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001125" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">964</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31" id="Fact001126" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,632</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_znJpLRQ8LyQi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Adjustment for observable
    transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001128" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">63</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001129" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">14</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zAjEkA5gBa4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upward adjustment</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1131">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001132" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">129</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zLtEAo3Zr5Rk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Impairments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1134">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1135">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zit6CPHLUY32" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance, end of the period</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001137" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,027</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31" id="Fact001138" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,747</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A5_zr0IANTvDsKh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company adjusted the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred it held based on the fair value of Visa Class A common stock,
including a discount for lack of current marketability, which is classified as &#8220;Adjustment for observable transactions involving
a similar investment from the same issuer&#8221; in the table above. The Certificate of Designation with respect to the shares of Visa
Series C Preferred restricts the transferability of the shares, there is no public market for the shares, and none is expected to develop.
The shares become fully convertible into shares of Visa Class A common stock in June 2028. In addition, in the three months ended October
31, 2023, in connection with the acquisition of Regal Bancorp by SR Bancorp, the Company adjusted the carrying value of its shares of
Regal Bancorp common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001140" name="us-gaap:UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zM8A4CmhvMM3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized
gains (losses) for all equity investments measured at fair value included the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B4_zElTzqlBnWHk">Schedule
of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20240801__20241031_zS3cMIB2b1z8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20230801__20231031_zYXQfC7wuVpf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zINHnaT7RKkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net gains (losses) recognized
    during the period on equity investments</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001142" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">378</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001143" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">917</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_zElrtCfR7M6k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Plus:
    net loss recognized during the period on equity investment sold during the period</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001145" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1146">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_z9EeJCaj6999" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized
    gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001148" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">380</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001149" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">917</ix:nonFraction></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 14; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->14<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unrealized gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value in the table above included the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20240801__20241031_zNdGZJrYFuHg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20230801__20231031_zj1vyklCxsGk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three Months Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31,</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_zP8H4OcyVvVe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 64%; text-align: left">Rafael Class B common stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" id="Fact001151" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">100</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" id="Fact001152" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">62</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_zFXmeVuxjLYg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Zedge Class B common stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" id="Fact001154" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">23</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" id="Fact001155" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">8</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_ztm3SHY923Kc" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Equity securities unrealized gain loss</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" id="Fact001157" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">23</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" id="Fact001158" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">8</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
</table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A0_z04w8mPXWxCh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<i>Equity Method Investment</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has an investment in shares of convertible preferred stock of a communications company (the equity method investee, or &#8220;EMI&#8221;).
As of both October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company&#8217;s ownership was <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_dp_uPure_c20241031__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_zRdOdVyIHnk2" title="Ownership percentage"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_dp_uPure_c20240731__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_z52daHwR9761" title="Ownership percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" id="Fact001160" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" id="Fact001162" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">33.4</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span>% of the EMI&#8217;s outstanding shares on an as
converted basis. The Company accounts for this investment using the equity method since the Company can exercise significant influence
over the operating and financial policies of the EMI but does not have a controlling interest.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company determined that on the dates of the acquisitions of the EMI&#8217;s shares, there were differences between its investment in
the EMI and its proportional interest in the equity of the EMI of an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_zxu3BwVgseZh" title="Equity method investment, aggregate cost"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001164" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">8.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million, which represented the share of the EMI&#8217;s
customer list on the dates of the acquisitions attributed to the Company&#8217;s interest in the EMI. <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment_c20240801__20241031_zKydnk0ZlqG3" title="Equity method investment, description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001166" name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment">These basis differences are being
amortized over the 6-year estimated life of the customer list.</ix:nonNumeric></span> In the accompanying consolidated statements of income, amortization of
equity method basis difference is included in the equity in the net loss of investee, which is recorded in &#8220;Other expense, net&#8221;
(see Note 17).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
both the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, each of the EMI&#8217;s shareholders, including the Company, purchased
additional shares of the EMI&#8217;s convertible preferred stock. At October 31, 2024, the Company was committed to purchase
additional shares of the EMI&#8217;s convertible preferred stock in January 2025 for $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn5n6_c20241031__20241031__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_znZdTMCukVEl" title="Purchase of convertible preferred stock"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2024-10-312024-10-31_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" id="Fact001168" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.3</ix:nonFraction></span>
million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001170" name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zlLJSrwtVDn8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s equity method investment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zpwLyD49rkVg">Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20240801__20241031__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zcNac1Mfm1Gf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20230801__20231031__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_z7MlajXLFG11" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" id="Fact001172" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,338</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" id="Fact001173" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,784</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_z0Uv5jrCg1Za" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" id="Fact001175" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">673</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" id="Fact001176" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">672</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zcLx8YIPNBLb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity in the net loss of investee</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" id="Fact001178" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">438</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" id="Fact001179" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">670</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHleqQfICJEa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Amortization of equity method basis difference</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" id="Fact001181" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">342</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" id="Fact001182" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">342</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iE_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zIoNgbWsQTy9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, end of period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" id="Fact001184" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,231</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" id="Fact001185" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,444</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A2_zjbSvSvp2mxa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001187" name="us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80F_eus-gaap--FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_zaXy4YWemRS8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
8&#8212;<span id="xdx_82E_z6Z7D3gVCTd8">Fair Value Measurements</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001189" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_zV3NNIegEnQ5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_zezIl6bSvNag">Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis</span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Level 1 (1)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Level 2 (2)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Level 3 (3)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">October 31, 2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 36%; text-align: left">Debt securities</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zoJnUt02Bz31" title="Debt securities" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001191" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">20,532</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z0AJLQaOO2Fk" title="Debt securities" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001193" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,742</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zvclwVsRQrDl" title="Debt securities" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1195">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zYge7yvKawe4" title="Debt securities" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001197" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27,274</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity investments included in current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zYRs3tVWbKH3" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001199" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,071</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zSnEdMGdt8jl" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1201">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zXFJgPV5o3Oi" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1203">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zTuWKW78jXB" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001205" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,071</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zXWwHV89Vjvl" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1207">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zuNHjiaTf5sl" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001209" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,000</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zCNZCLd1HTEb" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001211" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">758</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDYsx2m1VlJc" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001213" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,758</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zSQNrsifu078" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001215" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">25,603</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_znaz6HgAVf4k" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001217" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,742</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zkqc1UVHitHc" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001219" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">758</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDQK6kThXUQa" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001221" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">35,103</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Acquisition consideration included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zUOXJEIds3wf" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1223">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zxQxWBR16LL" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1225">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zGHxJnHsJLI3" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001227" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">290</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zdYtmZRoabti" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001229" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">290</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other noncurrent liabilities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zGXzAADqeQ5" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1231">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zuFJwplEK8x4" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1233">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_z1T1vzJhSIk2" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001235" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">616</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zgwxS84KyzXi" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001237" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">616</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zH82xMlsMJE9" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1239">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zR7Lbep05W68" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1241">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zu60JKMwIX7h" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001243" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">906</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zyr0h6fhrule" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001245" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">906</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">July 31, 2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Debt securities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zkpqWIPwDvfj" title="Debt securities" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001247" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">16,585</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zAk9zQez7GF5" title="Debt securities" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001249" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">6,853</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zqJillaU541h" title="Debt securities" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1251">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z1TXnEFhftqd" title="Debt securities" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001253" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">23,438</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity investments included in current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z93bDy4KeMeh" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001255" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,009</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z7BxuudolkS7" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1257">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zXJFZHGGPKH1" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1259">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zBazacZYyZw9" title="Equity investments included in current assets" style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001261" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">5,009</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zsLhvbYvSeLc" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1263">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z4XJZb1LPyL6" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001265" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,377</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zmpCB4JtA31" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001267" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">695</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z4PhM5O5hHK2" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001269" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,072</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zOflCKA7a4r9" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001271" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">21,594</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_za0MNFLtKH7j" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001273" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">8,230</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zYclHNK2Cb2c" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001275" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">695</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z00chcLdWWc6" title="Total" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001277" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">30,519</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Acquisition consideration included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zJuAW5ExzVzd" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1279">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zlVe9L9SuGz5" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1281">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zw9Ck35rT0Vb" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001283" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">222</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zJFtbTgCVky8" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities" style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001285" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">222</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other noncurrent liabilities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zy8hSZ2cKwLa" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1287">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zod0oSB0RUll" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1289">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zKCOLzLNh7B9" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001291" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">684</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zXj9bxRUpS5b" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001293" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">684</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z79kXFuSlEme" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1295">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zpxvN477R33e" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1297">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zvIlHGBUZ9U7" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001299" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">906</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zFCsHTDFBfHg" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" id="Fact001301" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">906</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F02_zoU6vg6Uyypk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1F_zEptpx4k4Fof" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:footnote id="Footnote001302" xml:lang="en-US">&#8211; quoted
prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities</ix:footnote></span></td>
</tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F05_zIe2qz614Fo4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"/><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F12_ze5l7e4kTCK5" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:footnote id="Footnote001303" xml:lang="en-US">&#8211; observable
inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities</ix:footnote></span></td>
</tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F0A_z7V9AFYwyi8e" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"/><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F13_zDVNa6tVnRqg" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><ix:footnote id="Footnote001304" xml:lang="en-US">&#8211; no observable
pricing inputs in the market</ix:footnote></span></td>
</tr></table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AC_zBGwpsgutpOa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 15; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->15<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
both October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company had $<span id="xdx_901_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_z6CSoGpx9vc9" title="Investment in hedge funds"><span id="xdx_907_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_iI_pn5n6_c20240731_z8ixEvhyruvb" title="Investment in hedge funds"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001306" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001308" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.9</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> million in investments in hedge funds, which were included in noncurrent
&#8220;Equity investments&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company&#8217;s investments in hedge funds were
accounted for using the equity method, therefore they were not measured at fair value.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001310" name="us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zX5iU9M0Nf3k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_zAsEOItcUBJ9" style="display: none">Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240801__20241031_zMxr2hHamyrj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zwF4mf7HTtZ7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001312" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">695</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31" id="Fact001313" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,263</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1_pn3n3_zZ41xTgNF0fg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Total gain (loss) included in &#8220;<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20240801__20241031_zqg71FLzQmIc" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23NonoperatingIncomeExpense"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20230801__20231031_zOfks8xth0C3" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23NonoperatingIncomeExpense"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1317"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1318">Other expense, net</span></span></span></span>&#8221;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001315" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">63</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001316" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">14</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, end of period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001320" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">758</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31" id="Fact001321" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,249</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_zM2oJfqp8lg8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1323">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1324">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8AC_zklcEbQOzGkb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001326" name="us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock"><p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zCYELGxY41bl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B0_zU0Nkjcisifd" style="display: none">Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240801__20241031_zt7ibZ35dr6d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zikUjXBb7Ftd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_pn3n3_zpt7t3qpyNoi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001328" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">906</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31" id="Fact001329" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,805</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements_pn3n3_ztn5ytD8lLva" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Payments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1331">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001332" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">214</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total gain included in</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_pn3n3_zLGuDfEmhH77" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#8220;<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20240801__20241031_z1qmaTEiWQB6" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20230801__20231031_z4dWvM8EP5Z3" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1336"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1337">Foreign currency translation adjustment</span></span></span></span>&#8221;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1334">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001335" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, end of period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001339" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">906</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31" id="Fact001340" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,588</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_zqPEcRFWDiN8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1342">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1343">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A3_zlCIHcM33Vli" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the three months ended October 31, 2023, the Company paid an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031_zChW1ZbXLId3" title="Contingent consideration payment"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001345" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">0.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million in contingent consideration related to a prior
acquisition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<i>Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
The estimated fair value of the Company&#8217;s other financial instruments was determined using available market information or other
appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting these data to develop estimates of fair
value. Consequently, the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized or would be paid in a current
market exchange.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Cash
and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, settlement assets, disbursement prefunding, other current assets,
customer funds deposits, settlement liabilities, and other current liabilities. </i>At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the
carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated fair value because of the short period of time to maturity. The fair
value estimates for cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents were classified as Level 1 and settlement
assets, disbursement prefunding, other current assets, customer funds deposits, settlement liabilities, and other current
liabilities were classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 16; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->16<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
assets and other liabilities. </i>At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated
fair value. The fair values were estimated based on the Company&#8217;s assumptions, which were classified as Level 3 of the fair value
hierarchy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001347" name="us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_806_eus-gaap--VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock_zYwfQ6QlOvwa" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
9&#8212;<span id="xdx_824_zEZsuHFEBGn8">Variable Interest Entity</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company is the primary beneficiary of a VIE that processes disbursement payments. The Company
determined that, effective May 31, 2021, it had the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic
performance, and the Company has the obligation to absorb losses of and the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially
be significant to it. As a result, the Company consolidates the VIE. The Company does not currently own any interest in the VIE and thus
the net income incurred by the VIE was attributed to noncontrolling interests in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001349" name="srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_890_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zMNP3T7J1Fre" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s net income and aggregate funding provided by the Company were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zXAawgPT1NFj" style="display: none">Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE</span>&#160;</span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20240801__20241031_zkchNoayjlsh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zOMjjxciyMQh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_pn3n3_zvza4YY7FLDl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Net income of the VIE</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001351" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">338</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001352" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">81</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_pn3n3_zFpVlz5jZAMd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Aggregate funding provided by the Company, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001354" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">55</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001355" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">114</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A1_zQSU7j5YqMte" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001357" name="srt:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89B_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_zSHyMrY676vg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B7_z43gZYdnKqHi" style="display: none">VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet</span>&#160;</span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 92%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20241031__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zsFEzlnIsJE9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">October 31,<br/> 2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20240731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zghgQUBPlF2b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">July 31,<br/> 2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Assets:</b></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Cash and equivalents</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001359" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">3,055</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001360" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,626</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Restricted cash</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001362" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,289</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RestrictedCashCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001363" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">7,426</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Trade accounts receivable, net</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001365" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">127</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001366" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">74</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--DisbursementPrefunding_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Disbursement prefunding</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:DisbursementPrefunding" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001368" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">1,323</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:DisbursementPrefunding" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001369" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">2,587</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001371" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">359</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001372" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">258</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001374" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">265</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001375" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">294</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment, net</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001377" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">163</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001378" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">179</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Other intangibles, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001380" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">546</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001381" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">584</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Assets" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001383" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">21,127</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:Assets" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001384" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14,028</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Liabilities and noncontrolling interests:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Trade accounts payable</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1386">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001387" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001389" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">160</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001390" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">124</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DepositLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_zE00Auv66RWg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Customer funds deposits</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepositLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001392" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">15,882</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:DepositLiabilityCurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001393" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">9,195</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Due to the Company</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001395" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">296</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001396" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">241</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accumulated other comprehensive income</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001398" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001399" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">27</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Noncontrolling interests</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001401" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,775</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:MinorityInterest" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001402" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">4,437</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001404" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">21,127</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" id="Fact001405" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">14,028</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A8_zh6tZBRROXfi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s assets may only be used to settle the VIE&#8217;s obligations and may not be used for other consolidated entities. The VIE&#8217;s
liabilities are non-recourse to the general credit of the Company&#8217;s other consolidated entities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001407" name="us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock"><p id="xdx_806_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock_zC46Ybqs1T5j" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
10&#8212;<span id="xdx_82E_zMsTpetSotZd">Other Operating Gain, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001409" name="IDT:ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_892_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zRvqxKLq8I2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the other operating gain, net by business segment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zAWw7rnSz7tj" style="display: none">Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20240801__20241031_zaSg79pc1H6g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zzEFGae61Y9a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LegalFees_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzGym_z2E85ZrTdSO2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1411">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LegalFees" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001412" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">212</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_pn3n3_maOOIENzGym_zGuoVhNXNx3k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1414">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001415" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">684</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--CorporateOther_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzGym_zHonTbgMt0qc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Corporate&#8212;other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1417">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:CorporateOther" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001418" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">12</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_iT_pn3n3_mtOOIENzGym_zxFgUmhn6Mn9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1420">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001421" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">484</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A4_z5wgMmcC8mb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 17; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->17<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<i>Straight Path Communications Inc. Class Action</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
discussed in Note 16, the Company (as well as other defendants) was named in a class action on behalf of the stockholders of the Company&#8217;s
former subsidiary, Straight Path Communications Inc. (&#8220;Straight Path&#8221;). The Company incurred legal fees and recorded offsetting
gains from insurance claims related to this action in the three months ended October 31, 2023. In fiscal 2024, the Company received the
final payment from its insurance policy for these claims. On October 3, 2023, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware dismissed
all claims against the Company, and found that, contrary to the plaintiffs&#8217; allegations, the class suffered no damages. The plaintiffs
will have 30 days from entry of the final order to file an appeal.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001423" name="us-gaap:DebtDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--DebtDisclosureTextBlock_zsQ8o8pwz136" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
11&#8212;<span id="xdx_824_znzbF041HRjf">Revolving Credit Facility</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s subsidiary, IDT Telecom, Inc. (&#8220;IDT Telecom&#8221;), entered into a credit agreement, dated as of May 17, 2021,
with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum principal amount of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zO9zhKhvBa97" title="Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" contextRef="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" id="Fact001425" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">25.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million. As of July 15, 2024 and July
28, 2023, IDT Telecom and TD Bank, N.A. amended certain terms of the credit agreement. IDT Telecom may use the proceeds to finance working
capital requirements and for certain closing costs of the facility. At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, there were <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20241031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zulmKT6CVvA1" title="Outstanding line of credit"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20240731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zykOUbCedNs" title="Outstanding line of credit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCredit" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" id="Fact001427" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCredit" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" id="Fact001429" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">no</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> amounts outstanding
under this facility. In the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, IDT Telecom borrowed and repaid an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zw9R4iFKAZIg" title="Proceeds from lines of credit"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zDQIPKCd1hLl" title="Repayments of lines of credit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember" id="Fact001431" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember" id="Fact001433" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">14.2</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> million
and $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zyL0SyiMwRke" title="Proceeds from lines of credit"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zp7TJpE9L9Oe" title="Repayments of lines of credit"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember" id="Fact001435" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember" id="Fact001437" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">30.3</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> million, respectively, under the facility. <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zeAJiWi9mwca" title="Credit facility, description"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" id="Fact001439" name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityDescription">The revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#8217;s
assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum at the secured overnight financing rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank
of New York plus 10 basis points, plus depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter,
125 to 175 basis points. Interest is payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_dd_c20210517__20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zqkj4y88IX09" title="Debt instrument maturity date"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-05-172021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" id="Fact001441" name="us-gaap:DebtInstrumentMaturityDate">May
16, 2026</ix:nonNumeric></span>. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly unused commitment fee of 10 basis points on the average daily balance of the unused portion of
the $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zAXeg88eFyYl" title="Revolving credit, unused portion amount"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" contextRef="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember" id="Fact001443" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">25.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million commitment.</ix:nonNumeric></span> IDT Telecom is required to comply with various affirmative and negative covenants as well as maintain certain
targets based on financial ratios during the term of the revolving credit facility. As of October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, IDT Telecom
was in compliance with all of the covenants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001445" name="us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80B_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock_zWtVY375cCEk" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
12&#8212;<span id="xdx_82C_zlcFu1NWnpuk">Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 29, 2021, NRS sold shares of its Class B common stock representing <span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_pid_dp_uPure_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zFVDmhRwhli8" title="Capital stock outstanding percentage"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" contextRef="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact001447" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">2.5</ix:nonFraction></span>% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted
basis to Alta Fox Opportunities Fund LP (&#8220;Alta Fox&#8221;) for cash of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn6n6_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zyOcKZXLl4C2" title="Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" contextRef="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact001449" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-6" scale="6" unitRef="USD">10</ix:nonFraction></span> million. Alta Fox has the right to request that NRS
redeem all or any portion of the NRS common shares that it purchased at the per share purchase price during a period of 182 days following
the fifth anniversary of this transaction. The redemption right shall terminate upon the consummation of (i) a sale of NRS or its assets
for cash or securities that are listed on a national securities exchange, (ii) a public offering of NRS&#8217; securities, or (iii) a
distribution of NRS&#8217; capital stock following which NRS&#8217; common shares are listed on a national securities exchange.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock sold to Alta Fox have been classified as mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated
balance sheets because they may be redeemed at the option of Alta Fox, although the shares are not mandatorily redeemable. The carrying
amount of the shares includes the noncontrolling interest in the net income of NRS. The net income attributable to the mezzanine equity&#8217;s
noncontrolling interest during the periods were as follows:</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001451" name="us-gaap:RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock_zvoPOjFByyR3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span style="display: none"><span id="xdx_8B6_zAzGPgPhUq6c">Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity&#8217;s Noncontrolling Interest</span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 92%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zdQQl94tZWXg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zWlYjOOvba6l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest_pn3n3_zy4BNUUkSr4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 64%; text-align: left">Net income of NRS attributable to the mezzanine equity&#8217;s noncontrolling interest</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact001453" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">138</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" id="Fact001454" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">107</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A3_z3F2abgQnlxg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in">&#160;</p>

<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 18; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->18<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>
<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001456" name="us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80F_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_z8usEhQg63Re" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
13&#8212;<span id="xdx_82E_zyhO0CjV5fM8">Equity</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Dividend
Payments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the three months ended October 31, 2024, the Company paid a cash dividend of $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonClassAandBMember_z5wvwKnPU6X6" title="Cash dividend per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_CommonClassAandBMember" id="Fact001458" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="USDPShares">0.05</ix:nonFraction></span> per share on the Company&#8217;s Class A and Class
B common stock. In the three months ended October 31, 2024, the Company paid aggregate cash dividends of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--PaymentsOfDividends_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonClassAandBMember_zZ1qfjXX03D6"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividends" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_CommonClassAandBMember" id="Fact001459" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.3</ix:nonFraction>
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i></i></span>&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stock
Repurchases</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has an existing stock repurchase program authorized by its Board of Directors for the repurchase of shares of the Company&#8217;s
Class B common stock. In January 2016, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to <span id="xdx_908_esrt--StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20160131__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zmiRQwoiXJyb" title="Repurchase of shares"><ix:nonFraction name="srt:StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" contextRef="AsOf2016-01-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" id="Fact001461" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="Shares">8.0</ix:nonFraction></span> million shares in the aggregate. In the three months
ended October 31, 2024, the Company repurchased <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_z3VKaFNwgb8g" title="Treasury stock, shares, acquired"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" id="Fact001463" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">37,714</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of its Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zUTuirpxbqu7"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" id="Fact001464" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million.
In the three months ended October 31, 2023, the Company repurchased <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zTq36txIgMA8" title="Treasury stock, shares, acquired"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" id="Fact001466" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">125,470</ix:nonFraction></span> shares of its Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase
price of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zoVxTVWCWlr4"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember" id="Fact001467" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.8</ix:nonFraction></span> million. At October 31, 2024, <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_zDcMFzCl3QHc" title="Remained available repurchase, shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001469" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="Shares">4.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million shares remained available for repurchase under the stock repurchase program.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company paid $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_z5B0IfouRSM9" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember" id="Fact001471" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.1</ix:nonFraction></span>
million and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zU4UVDwHLQN8" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember" id="Fact001473" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="0" unitRef="USD">15,000</ix:nonFraction></span>,
respectively, to repurchase <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zpTZzqCKddG8" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember" id="Fact001475" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">24,290</ix:nonFraction></span>
and <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zwYVDv7mAlmk" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember" id="Fact001477" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">654</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares, respectively, of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of the Company to satisfy the
employees&#8217; tax withholding obligations in connection with the lapsing of restrictions on restricted
stock and shares issued for bonus payments. Such shares were repurchased by the Company based on their fair market value as of the
close of business on the trading day immediately prior to the vesting date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Amended
and Restated Employment Agreement with Abilio (&#8220;Bill&#8221;) Pereira</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 21, 2023, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with Bill Pereira, the Company&#8217;s President
and Chief Operating Officer. The agreement provides for, among other things, certain equity grants and a contingent bonus subject to
the completion of certain financial milestones as set forth in the agreement. In October 2024, the Company issued to Mr. Pereira <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20241001__20241031__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--BillPereiraMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zj7nA4c3h2zd" title="Issuance of shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" contextRef="From2024-10-012024-10-31_custom_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember_custom_BillPereiraMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact001479" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">39,155</ix:nonFraction></span>
shares of its Class B common stock with an issue date value of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_pn5n6_c20241001__20241031__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--BillPereiraMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zHcYqRgLuRcj" title="Issuance of shares, value"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" contextRef="From2024-10-012024-10-31_custom_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember_custom_BillPereiraMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" id="Fact001481" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.8</ix:nonFraction></span> million in connection with the achievement of one of these milestones.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001483" name="us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareTextBlock_zqsHC7CQ77J7" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
14&#8212; <span id="xdx_82F_z8JPzgs4VHE6">Earnings Per Share</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Basic
earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to all classes of common stockholders of the Company by the weighted
average number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is computed
in the same manner as basic earnings per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include restricted stock still subject
to risk of forfeiture and to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method, unless the effect
of such increase is anti-dilutive.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>
<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 19; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->19<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001485" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zbFkGf9UvF65" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#8217;s
common stockholders consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_zbjzKJFWtrjh" style="display: none">Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share</span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20240801__20241031_zmg5cNBfD2Ca" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zfxbQdWz8vN5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pn3n3_zMVlykajneq6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Basic weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001487" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">25,204</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001488" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">25,178</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Effect of dilutive securities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_pn3n3_zzBbZCC3gSLi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Stock options</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1490">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001491" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">3</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_pn3n3_zPvKu500Euqc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Non-vested restricted Class B common stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001493" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">159</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001494" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">96</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pn3n3_zd15vPKohEod" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Diluted weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001496" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">25,363</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001497" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="Shares">25,277</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A7_z87Vx2uUg3v4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
were <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_do_c20240801__20241031_zGoYhEvlCuai" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_do_c20230801__20231031_zZhKy9f4eE79" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001499" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001501" format="ixt-sec:numwordsen" decimals="INF" unitRef="Shares">no</ix:nonFraction></ix:nonFraction></span></span> shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001503" name="us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_zisgHqGvbcp2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
15&#8212;<span id="xdx_825_zFp0KtHywOu1">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001505" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_zpJ8vuAKXgZ9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BD_z1cMbNvDQOS2" style="display: none">Schedule
of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss)</span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities</b></span></p> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Foreign Currency Translation</b></span></p> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</b></span></p> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%">Balance, July 31, 2024</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zLyfzwkMg3p7" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss" style="width: 14%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" id="Fact001507" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">380</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zlAR92uLPgN5" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss" style="width: 14%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" id="Fact001509" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">17,762</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_z9rHfPJH9jJg" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss" style="width: 14%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001511" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">18,142</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zYOcV7UNTQF7" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" id="Fact001513" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">56</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zeM1Y6t9kxtc" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" id="Fact001515" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,623</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_zE90Rxcz4mM5" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001517" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,567</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, October 31, 2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zTGX2IZPM9z9" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" id="Fact001519" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">324</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_z1U0dWYZcqv3" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" id="Fact001521" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">19,385</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_z4Oi6cpblSje" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001523" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">19,709</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A3_zasD9F1YpXF9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001525" name="us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_zXlvqVUlqfQ2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
16&#8212;<span id="xdx_824_z6BoT1ykRwqg">Commitments and Contingencies</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Legal
Proceedings</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 5, 2017, plaintiff JDS1, LLC, on behalf of itself and all other similarly situated stockholders of Straight Path, and
derivatively on behalf of Straight Path as nominal defendant, filed a putative class action and derivative complaint in the Court of
Chancery of the State of Delaware (the &#8220;Court of Chancery&#8221;) against the Company, The Patrick Henry Trust (a trust formed
by Howard S. Jonas that held record and beneficial ownership of certain shares of Straight Path he formerly held), Howard S. Jonas,
and each of Straight Path&#8217;s directors. The complaint alleged that the Company aided and abetted Straight Path Chairman of the
Board and Chief Executive Officer Davidi Jonas, and Howard S. Jonas in his capacity as controlling stockholder of Straight Path, in
breaching their fiduciary duties to Straight Path in connection with the settlement of claims between Straight Path and the Company
related to potential indemnification claims concerning Straight Path&#8217;s obligations under the Consent Decree it entered into
with the Federal Communications Commission (&#8220;FCC&#8221;), as well as the sale of Straight Path&#8217;s subsidiary Straight
Path IP Group, Inc. to the Company in connection with that settlement. That action was consolidated with a similar action that was
initiated by The Arbitrage Fund. The Plaintiffs sought, among other things, (i) a declaration that the action may be maintained as a
class action or in the alternative, that demand on the Straight Path Board is excused; (ii) that the term sheet is invalid; (iii)
awarding damages for the unfair price stockholders received in the merger between Straight Path and Verizon Communications Inc. for
their shares of Straight Path&#8217;s Class B common stock; and (iv) ordering Howard S. Jonas, Davidi Jonas, and the Company to
disgorge any profits for the benefit of the class Plaintiffs. On August 28, 2017, the Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. The
trial was held in August and December 2022, and closing arguments were presented on May 3, 2023. On October 3, 2023, the Court of
Chancery dismissed all claims against the Company, and found that, contrary to the plaintiffs&#8217;
allegations, the class suffered no damages. On July 22, 2024, oral argument was held in the Court of Chancery on the issue of attorney&#8217;s fees sought by plaintiff&#8217;s counsel against Howard S. Jonas. On October 29, 2024, the Court of Chancery issued a Memorandum Opinion denying plaintiff&#8217;s counsel&#8217;s
request for attorney&#8217;s fees. The parties are drafting
the final order that will be submitted to the Court of Chancery for approval and entry. The plaintiffs will have 30 days from entry of the final order to file an appeal.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the foregoing, the Company is subject to other legal proceedings that have arisen in the ordinary course of business and
have not been finally adjudicated. Although there can be no assurance in this regard, the Company believes that none of the other legal
proceedings to which the Company is a party will have a material adverse effect on the Company&#8217;s results of operations, cash flows,
or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>


<ix:exclude><!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 20; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->20<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page --></ix:exclude>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Sales
Tax Contingency</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require
a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in
the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that the Company has
liability for periods for which it has not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions were successful
it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#8217;s business, financial position, and operating results. One or more jurisdictions
may change their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to the Company&#8217;s operations, and if such changes
were made it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#8217;s business, financial position, and operating results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Regulatory
Fees Audit</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s 2017 FCC Form 499-A, which reported its calendar year 2016 revenue, was audited by the Universal Service Administrative
Company (&#8220;USAC&#8221;). The USAC&#8217;s final decision imposed a $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_iI_pn5n6_c20241031__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_zX667IhZUhT7" title="Final decision imposed"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" id="Fact001527" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">2.9</ix:nonFraction></span> million charge on the Company for the Federal Telecommunications
Relay Service (&#8220;TRS&#8221;) Fund. The Company has appealed the USAC&#8217;s final decision to the FCC and does not intend to remit
payment for the TRS Fund fees unless and until a negative decision on its appeal has been issued. The Company has made certain changes
to its filing policies and procedures for years that remain potentially under audit. At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company&#8217;s
accrued expenses included $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_zdbQT4fUqVNa" title="Accrued liabilities"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001529" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">24.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million and $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20240731_zhG4Q6eQA6Wg" title="Accrued liabilities"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001531" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">25.9</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively, for FCC-related regulatory fees for the year covered by the
audit, as well as prior and subsequent years.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Purchase
Commitments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
October 31, 2024, the Company had purchase commitments of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--PurchaseObligation_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_z7HSzVtuUulb" title="Purchase obligation"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:PurchaseObligation" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001533" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">1.3</ix:nonFraction></span> million primarily for equipment and services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Performance
Bonds</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has performance bonds issued through third parties for the benefit of various states in order to comply with the states&#8217;
financial requirements for money remittance licenses and telecommunications resellers. At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company
had aggregate performance bonds outstanding of $<span id="xdx_908_ecustom--PerformanceBondsOutstanding_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_zA6rDhUkslc" title="Performance bonds outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:PerformanceBondsOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact001535" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">33.2</ix:nonFraction></span> million $<span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--PerformanceBondsOutstanding_iI_pn5n6_c20240731_zI5dK00LQhye" title="Performance bonds outstanding"><ix:nonFraction name="IDT:PerformanceBondsOutstanding" contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact001537" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-5" scale="6" unitRef="USD">32.4</ix:nonFraction></span> million, respectively. The increase in the performance bonds was due
to increased money remittance transactions in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to prior periods.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001539" name="us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock_zKH7pphiTYDg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
17&#8212;<span id="xdx_824_z2AoiP81FMw7">Other Expense, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001541" name="us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock"><p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_zVRszNKZmOlk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
expense, net consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B2_zH2yqIdqcR4a" style="display: none">Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240801__20241031_zwNaHACCQyN" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20230801__20231031_zafw8q4kjpwg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_z3wVWCVjFZWl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001543" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">135</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001544" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">3,499</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_z6LwQErlk9I6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity in net loss of investee</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001546" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">780</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001547" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">1,012</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--GainLossOnInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_zxTjoQlRVZP8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Gains (losses) on investments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001549" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" unitRef="USD">378</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001550" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">917</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OtherIncome_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_zvjid3RppXMk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherIncome" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001552" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">16</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:OtherIncome" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001553" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">158</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_iT_pn3n3_mtNIEzeRA_zYKyz6ErNKb4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001555" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">283</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(<ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense" contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="Fact001556" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="-3" scale="3" sign="-" unitRef="USD">5,586</ix:nonFraction></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_8A0_zUVHCWXobVnd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001558" name="us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock"><p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_zub3wEeSrMjb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note
18&#8212;<span id="xdx_827_zwF8ofyYE65b">Income Taxes</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s income tax expense in the three months ended October 31, 2024 was based on an effective tax rate of <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations_dp_uPure_c20240801__20241031_zJnipkxksG1i" title="Effective tax rate"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001560" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">25.4</ix:nonFraction></span>% compared to
<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations_dp_uPure_c20230801__20240731_zEIuVBcJdBY4" title="Effective tax rate"><ix:nonFraction name="us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" contextRef="From2023-08-012024-07-31" id="Fact001562" format="ixt:numdotdecimal" decimals="INF" scale="-2" unitRef="Pure">28.2</ix:nonFraction></span>% for fiscal 2024. The change in the estimated effective tax rate was mainly due to differences in the amount of taxable income earned
in the various taxing jurisdictions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" escape="true" id="Fact001564" name="us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock"><p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock_zGzEs7eggXki" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
19&#8212;<span id="xdx_822_zuw4TiEqenX1">Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&#8220;FASB&#8221;) issued Accounting Standards Update (&#8220;ASU&#8221;) No.
2024-03, <i>Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)</i>, to improve the
disclosures about an entity&#8217;s expenses including more detailed information about the types of expenses in commonly presented expense
captions. At each interim and annual reporting period, entities will disclose in tabular format disaggregating information about prescribed
categories underlying relevant income statement captions, as well as the total amount of selling expense and a description of the composition
of its selling expense. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU for its fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2027. The Company
is evaluating the impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, <i>Income Taxes (Topic 740)</i>, <i>Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures</i>,
primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disclosures as well as certain other amendments to income tax
disclosures. Entities will be required on an annual basis to consistently categorize and provide greater disaggregation of rate
reconciliation information and further disaggregate their income taxes paid. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU for
its fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2025. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a prospective basis, although
retrospective application is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial
statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-08, <i>Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Crypto Assets (Subtopic 350-60)</i>, <i>Accounting
for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets</i>, that changes the accounting for crypto assets from a cost-less-impairment model to fair value,
with changes recognized in net income each reporting period. The ASU also requires enhanced disclosures including, among other things,
the name, cost basis, fair value, and number of units for each significant holding, and a rollforward of annual activity including additions,
dispositions, gains, and losses. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU for its fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2025. The
ASU requires a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of adoption. The Company is evaluating the
impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

</ix:nonNumeric><p id="xdx_815_z99KR2cJ0Gwi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 21; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->21<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<b><span id="me_009"></span>Item 2. Management&#8217;s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following information should be read in conjunction with the accompanying consolidated financial statements and the associated notes
thereto of this Quarterly Report, and the audited consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto and our Management&#8217;s
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year
ended July 31, 2024 (or the 2024 Form 10-K) as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (or SEC).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
used below, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms &#8220;the Company,&#8221; &#8220;IDT,&#8221; &#8220;we,&#8221; &#8220;us,&#8221;
and &#8220;our&#8221; refer to IDT Corporation, a Delaware corporation, its predecessor, International Discount Telecommunications, Corp.,
a New York corporation, and their subsidiaries, collectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Forward-Looking
Statements</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">This
Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and
Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including statements that contain the words &#8220;believes,&#8221; &#8220;anticipates,&#8221;
&#8220;expects,&#8221; &#8220;plans,&#8221; &#8220;intends,&#8221; and similar words and phrases. These forward-looking statements are
subject to risks and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from the results projected in any forward-looking
statement. In addition to the factors specifically noted in the forward-looking statements, other important factors, risks, and uncertainties
that could result in those differences include, but are not limited to, those discussed under Item 1A to Part I &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221;
in our 2024 Form 10-K. The forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this report and we assume no obligation to update the
forward-looking statements, or to update the reasons why actual results could differ from those projected in the forward-looking statements.
Investors should consult all of the information set forth in this report and the other information set forth from time to time in our
reports filed with the SEC pursuant to the Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, including our 2024 Form 10-K.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Recently
Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued Accounting Standards Update, or ASU, No. 2024-03, <i>Income
Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)</i>, to improve the disclosures about an
entity&#8217;s expenses including more detailed information about the types of expenses in commonly presented expense captions. At each
interim and annual reporting period, entities will disclose in tabular format disaggregating information about prescribed categories
underlying relevant income statement captions, as well as the total amount of selling expense and a description of the composition of
its selling expense. We will adopt the amendments in this ASU for our fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2027. We are evaluating the
impact that this ASU will have on our consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, <i>Income Taxes (Topic 740)</i>, <i>Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures</i>,
primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disclosures as well as certain other amendments to income tax
disclosures. Entities will be required on an annual basis to consistently categorize and provide greater disaggregation of rate
reconciliation information and further disaggregate their income taxes paid. We will adopt the amendments in this ASU for
our fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2025. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a prospective basis, although
retrospective application is permitted. We are evaluating the impact that this ASU will have on our consolidated financial
statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-08, <i>Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Crypto Assets (Subtopic 350-60)</i>, <i>Accounting
for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets</i>, that changes the accounting for crypto assets from a cost-less-impairment model to fair value,
with changes recognized in net income each reporting period. The ASU also requires enhanced disclosures including, among other things,
the name, cost basis, fair value, and number of units for each significant holding, and a rollforward of annual activity including additions,
dispositions, gains, and losses. We will adopt the amendments in this ASU for our fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2025. The
ASU requires a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of adoption. We are evaluating the
impact that this ASU will have on our consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Results
of Operations</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
evaluate the performance of our business segments based primarily on income (loss) from operations. Accordingly, the income and expense
line items below income (loss) from operations are only included in our discussion of the consolidated results of operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 31, 2024, we owned 94.0% of the outstanding shares of our subsidiary, net2phone 2.0, Inc., or net2phone 2.0, which owns and
operates the net2phone segment, and 81.5% of the outstanding shares of National Retail Solutions, or NRS. On a fully diluted basis
assuming all the vesting criteria related to various rights granted have been met, we would own 90.3% of the equity of net2phone 2.0 and 79.3% of NRS.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Reclassification</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
and after February 1, 2024, we reclassified most of our technology and development expenses from &#8220;Selling, general and administrative&#8221;
expense to a new &#8220;Technology and development&#8221; expense caption in the consolidated statements of income and reclassified an
amount that was immaterial in all periods to &#8220;Direct cost of revenues.&#8221; The following table shows the amounts that were reclassified
in the three months ended October 31, 2023 to conform to the current period&#8217;s presentation:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">(in millions)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative expense reclassified to:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 82%; text-align: left">Direct cost of revenues</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">0.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Technology and development expenses</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">12.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 22; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->22<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Explanation
of Performance Metrics</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
results of operations discussion include the following performance metrics:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 41.75pt"/><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 18pt">&#9679;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">for
                                            NRS, active point-of-sale, or POS, terminals, payment processing accounts, and recurring
                                            revenue,</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 41.75pt"/><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 18pt">&#9679;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">for
                                            net2phone, seats and subscription revenue, and</span></td></tr>
<tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 41.75pt"/><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 18pt">&#9679;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">for
                                            Traditional Communications, minutes of use.</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS
uses two key metrics to measure the size of its customer base: active POS terminals and payment processing accounts. Active POS terminals
are the number of POS terminals that have completed at least one transaction in the calendar month. It excludes POS terminals that have
not been fully installed by the end of the month. Payment processing accounts are accounts that can generate revenue. It excludes
accounts that have been approved but not activated. NRS&#8217; recurring revenue is NRS&#8217; revenue in accordance with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or U.S. GAAP, excluding its revenue from POS terminal sales.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">net2phone&#8217;s
cloud communications offerings are priced on a per-seat basis, with customers paying based on the number of users in their organization.
net2phone&#8217;s subscription revenue is its revenue in accordance with U.S. GAAP excluding its equipment revenue and revenue generated
by a legacy SIP trunking offering in Brazil.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
trends and comparisons between periods for the number of active POS terminals, payment processing accounts, seats served, recurring revenue, and
subscription revenue are used in the analysis of NRS&#8217; or net2phone&#8217;s revenues and direct cost of revenues and are strong
indications of the top-line growth and performance of the business.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Minutes
of use is a nonfinancial metric that measures aggregate customer usage during a reporting period. Minutes of use is an important factor
in BOSS Revolution&#8217;s and IDT Global&#8217;s revenue recognition since satisfaction of our performance obligation occurs when the
customer uses our service. Minutes of use trends and comparisons between periods are used in the analysis of revenues and direct cost
of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Three
Months Ended October 31, 2024 Compared to Three Months Ended October 31, 2023</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>National
Retail Solutions Segment</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">NRS,
which represented 9.8% and 8.0% of our total revenues in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, is an operator
of a nationwide POS network providing independent retailers with store management software, electronic payment processing, and other
ancillary merchant services. NRS&#8217; POS platform provides marketers with digital out-of-home advertising and transaction data.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three months
ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Change</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>$/#</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>%</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in millions)</b></span></td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Revenues:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; width: 36%">Recurring</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">28.9</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">22.4</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">6.5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">29.3</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1.5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1.6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(11.8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left">Total revenues</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">30.4</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">24.0</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">6.4</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">26.5</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Direct cost of revenues</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(2.8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(3.2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(15.2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Gross profit</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">27.6</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">20.8</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">6.8</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">33.0</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(19.0</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(13.6</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">5.4</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">39.9</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Technology and development</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(2.0</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1.7</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">0.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">15.8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Income from operations</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">6.6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">5.5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1.1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">21.1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Gross margin percentage</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">91.0</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">86.6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">4.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Change</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">#</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 36%; text-align: left">Active POS terminals</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">33.1</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">27.2</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">5.9</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">22</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Payment processing accounts</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">22.7</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">17.1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">5.6</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">33</td><td style="text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 23; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->23<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenues.
</i>Revenues increased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2024 driven primarily by revenue
growth from NRS&#8217; merchant services, as well as the expansion of NRS&#8217; POS network.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Direct
Cost of Revenues</i>. Direct cost of revenues decreased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar period in
fiscal 2024 primarily due to the decrease in the direct costs of NRS&#8217; POS terminal sales.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<i>Selling, General and Administrative</i>. Selling, general and administrative expense increased in the three months ended October 31,
2024 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2024 primarily due to increases in sales commissions, employee compensation, legal fees, marketing expense, and bad debt expense. As a percentage
of NRS&#8217; revenue, NRS&#8217; selling, general and administrative expense increased to 62.6% from 56.7% in the three months ended
October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Technology
and Development</i>. Technology and development expense increased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar
period in fiscal 2024 primarily due to increases in employee compensation and depreciation and amortization expense, partially
offset by a decrease in consulting expense.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Fintech
Segment</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fintech,
which represented 12.0% and 8.8% of our total revenues in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, is comprised
of: (i) BOSS Money, a provider of international money remittance and related value/payment transfer services; and (ii) other, significantly
smaller, financial services businesses, including a variable interest entity, or VIE, that processes disbursement payments, and IDT
Financial Services Limited, or IDT Financial Services, our Gibraltar-based bank.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three months ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Change</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>$/#</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>%</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in millions)</b></span></td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Revenues:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; width: 36%; text-align: left">BOSS Money</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">33.7</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">24.3</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">9.4</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">39.0</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1.1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">45.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 30pt; text-align: left">Total revenues</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">37.1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">26.6</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">10.5</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">39.6</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Direct cost of revenues</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(15.5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(11.8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">3.7</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">32.2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Gross profit</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">21.6</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">14.8</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">6.8</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">45.4</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(16.1</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(14.2</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1.9</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">13.3</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Technology and development</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(2.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(2.0</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">0.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">10.8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Income (loss) from operations</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">3.2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(1.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">4.6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">333.9</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-left: 0pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Gross margin percentage</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">58.2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">55.9</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">2.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenues. </i>Revenues
from BOSS Money increased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2024 primarily because
of increased transaction volume in BOSS Money&#8217;s digital and retail channels. BOSS Money continues to benefit from
cross-marketing to BOSS Revolution customers and the expansion of its retail agent network.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Direct
Cost of Revenues</i>. Direct cost of revenues increased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar period in
fiscal 2024 primarily due to an increase in BOSS Money&#8217;s direct cost of revenues, which reflected the increase in BOSS
Money&#8217;s revenue.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Selling,
General and Administrative</i>. Selling, general and administrative expense increased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared
to the similar period in fiscal 2024 primarily due to increases in debit and credit card processing charges, employee compensation, and
bank fees. The increase in card processing charges was the result of increased credit and debit card transactions through our BOSS Money
app and other digital channels. As a percentage of Fintech&#8217;s revenue, Fintech&#8217;s selling, general and administrative expense
decreased to 43.3% from 53.3% in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 24; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->24<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Technology
and Development</i>. Technology and development expense increased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar
period in fiscal 2024 primarily due to an increase in depreciation and amortization expense, partially offset by a decrease in employee compensation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<b><i>net2phone Segment</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net2phone segment, which represented 7.0% and 6.6% of our total revenues in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively,
is comprised of net2phone&#8217;s integrated cloud communications and contact center services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
<i></i></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three months ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Change</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">$/#</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(in millions)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Revenues:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 36%">Subscription</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">21.0</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">18.5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">2.5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">13.4</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">Other</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">0.6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(55.0</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Total revenues</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">21.6</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">19.9</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1.7</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">8.5</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Direct cost of revenues</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(4.5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(4.1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">0.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">10.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Gross profit</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">17.1</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">15.8</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1.3</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">8.0</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(13.1</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(13.3</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(0.2</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(0.9</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Technology and development</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(3.0</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(2.5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">0.5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">15.9</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Income (loss) from operations</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1.0</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1.0</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">nm</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Gross margin percentage</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">79.0</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">79.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(0.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>


<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="width: 25%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">nm&#8212;not
meaningful</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Change</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">#</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 36%; text-align: left">Seats served</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">406</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">364</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">42</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">11</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenues. </i>net2phone&#8217;s
revenues increased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2024 driven primarily by the
growth in subscription revenue primarily in the U.S. and Mexico, which reflected the increase in seats served at
October 31, 2024 compared to October 31, 2023.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Direct
Cost of Revenues</i>. Direct cost of revenues increased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar period in
fiscal 2024 primarily due to the increase in revenues, with the largest increase in the U.S. market. net2phone&#8217;s focus on mid-sized
businesses, multi-channel strategies, and localized offerings generated revenue growth that exceeded the increase in direct cost of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Selling,
General and Administrative</i>. Selling, general and administrative expense decreased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared
to the similar period in fiscal 2024 primarily due to decreases in marketing expense, employee compensation, and consulting expense, partially offset by an increase in sales commissions.
As a percentage of net2phone&#8217;s revenues, net2phone&#8217;s selling, general and administrative expense decreased to 60.8% from
66.6% in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Technology
and Development</i>. Technology and development expense increased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar
period in fiscal 2024 primarily due to an increase in employee compensation.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<b><i>Traditional Communications Segment</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Traditional Communications segment, which represented 71.2% and 76.6% of our total revenues in the three months ended October 31, 2024
and 2023, respectively, includes: (i) IDT Digital Payments, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime, messaging,
and data to international and domestic mobile accounts; (ii) BOSS Revolution, an international long-distance calling service marketed
primarily to immigrant communities in the United States and Canada; and (iii) IDT Global, a wholesale provider of international voice
and SMS termination and outsourced traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide. Traditional Communications also includes other
small businesses and offerings including early-stage business initiatives and mature businesses in harvest mode.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Traditional
Communications&#8217; most significant revenue streams are from IDT Digital Payments, BOSS Revolution, and IDT Global. IDT Digital Payments
and BOSS Revolution are sold directly to consumers and through distributors and retailers. We receive payments for BOSS Revolution, traditional
calling cards, and IDT Digital Payments prior to providing the services. We recognize the revenue when services are provided to the customer.
Traditional Communications&#8217; revenues tend to be somewhat seasonal, with the second fiscal quarter (which contains Christmas and
New Year&#8217;s Day) and the fourth fiscal quarter (which contains Mother&#8217;s Day and Father&#8217;s Day) typically showing higher
minute volumes.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 25; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->25<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three months ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31,</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Change</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">$/#</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="14" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(in millions)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Revenues:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 36%; text-align: left">IDT Digital Payments</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">105.1</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">100.0</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">5.1</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">5.1</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">BOSS Revolution</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">56.8</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">71.2</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(14.4</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(20.1</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">IDT Global</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">52.4</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">52.0</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">0.4</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">0.7</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt">Other</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">6.2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">7.5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(1.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(17.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left">Total revenues</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">220.5</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">230.7</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(10.2</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(4.4</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Direct cost of revenues</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(179.2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(188.1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(8.9</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(4.8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Gross profit</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">41.3</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">42.6</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1.3</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(2.9</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Selling, general and administrative</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(19.9</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(20.6</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(0.7</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(2.8</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Technology and development</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(5.5</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(6.1</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(0.6</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(9.4</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Severance</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(0.2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(63.7</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Income from operations</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">15.7</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">15.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">0.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1.7</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Gross margin percentage</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">18.8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">18.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">0.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Minutes of use:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">BOSS Revolution</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">364</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">496</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(132</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(27</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">IDT Global</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1,437</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,445</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(8</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1</td><td style="text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span><i>&#160;</i></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Revenues. </i>Revenues
from IDT Digital Payments increased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2024
primarily due to increases in revenues from the direct-to-consumer and enterprise and wholesale channels, partially offset by a
decrease in revenues from the retail channel.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues
and minutes of use from BOSS Revolution decreased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar period in fiscal
2024. BOSS Revolution continues to be impacted by persistent, market-wide trends, including the proliferation of unlimited calling plans
offered by wireless carriers and mobile virtual network operators, and the increasing penetration of free and paid over-the-top voice,
video conferencing, and messaging services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues
from IDT Global slightly increased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2024. Minutes
of use from IDT Global slightly decreased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2024. IDT Global&#8217;s revenues and minutes of use generally decline each fiscal quarter
as communications globally continue to transition away from international voice calling. This trend was accelerated by the impact
of COVID-19 as business communications shifted from calling to video conferencing and other collaboration platforms. We expect that
IDT Global will continue to be adversely impacted by these trends, and minutes of use and revenues will likely continue to decline
from quarter-to-quarter, as we seek to maximize economics rather than necessarily sustain minutes of use or revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Direct
Cost of Revenues</i>. Direct cost of revenues decreased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar period in
fiscal 2024 primarily due to the decrease in BOSS Revolution&#8217;s minutes of use and direct cost of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Selling,
General and Administrative</i>. Selling, general and administrative expense decreased in the three months ended October 31, 2024
compared to the similar period in fiscal 2024 primarily due to decreases in sales commissions and employee compensation, partially
offset by increases in marketing expense and stock-based compensation. As a percentage of Traditional Communications&#8217; revenue,
Traditional Communications&#8217; selling, general and administrative expense increased to 9.1% from 8.9% in the three months ended
October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Technology
and Development</i>. Technology and development expense decreased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar
period in fiscal 2024 primarily due to decreases in depreciation and amortization expense, employee compensation, and software
license and maintenance expense.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Severance
Expense.</i> In the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, Traditional Communications incurred severance expense of $0.2 million
and $0.5 million, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 26; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->26<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Corporate</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">Three months ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">Change</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">(in millions)</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 36%; text-align: left">&#160;General and administrative</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(2.9</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">(2.8</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">0.1</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">2.5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;Other operating gain, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">0.5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(100.0</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Loss from operations</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(2.9</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(2.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(0.6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(24.6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)%</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
costs mainly include compensation, consulting fees, treasury, tax and accounting services, human resources, corporate purchasing, corporate
governance including Board of Directors&#8217; fees, internal and external audit, investor relations, corporate insurance, corporate
legal, and other corporate-related general and administrative expenses. Corporate does not generate any revenues, nor does it incur any
direct cost of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>General
and Administrative.</i> Corporate general and administrative expense increased in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to
the similar period in fiscal 2024 primarily because of an increase in audit and accounting fees, partially offset by a decrease in employee compensation. As a percentage
of our consolidated revenues, Corporate general and administrative expense was 0.9% in both the three months ended October 31, 2024
and 2023.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other Operating Gain, net<span style="font-style: normal">.
As discussed in Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 to Part I of this Quarterly Report, we (as well as
other defendants) were named in a class action on behalf of the stockholders of our former subsidiary, Straight Path Communications Inc.,
or Straight Path. We incurred legal fees of nil and $0.2 million in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively,
related to this action. Also, we recorded offsetting gains from insurance claims for this matter of nil and $0.7 million in the three
months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. In fiscal 2024, we received the final payment from our insurance policy for these
claims. On October 3, 2023, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware dismissed all claims against us, and found that, contrary
to the plaintiffs&#8217; allegations, the class suffered no damages. The plaintiffs will have 30 days from entry of the final order to
file an appeal.</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-style: normal">&#160;</span></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Consolidated</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a discussion of our consolidated stock-based compensation expense, and our consolidated income and expense line items below
income from operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stock-Based
Compensation Expense.</i> Total stock-based compensation expense included in consolidated selling, general and administrative expense
and technology and development expense was $0.9 million and $0.8 million in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
The increase in stock-based compensation expense was primarily due to certain equity grants to Bill Pereira, our President and Chief
Operating Officer, in the second quarter of fiscal 2024, including a contingent bonus subject to the completion of certain financial
milestones that may be paid, at Mr. Pereira&#8217;s option, in either shares of our Class B common stock or cash. The increase in stock-based
compensation expense was partially offset by a decrease in stock-based compensation expense from the grant of deferred stock units, or
DSUs, that, upon vesting, will entitle the grantees to receive shares of our Class B common stock. As of October 31, 2024, there was
$1.0 million of total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested DSUs</span>, which is being recognized on a graded vesting
basis over the requisite service periods that end in October 2027.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Effective
as of June 30, 2022, restricted shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock were granted to certain NRS employees. The restrictions on
the shares lapse in three installments, the first was on June 1, 2024, and the others are June 1, 2026 and June 1, 2027. As of October
31, 2024, unrecognized compensation cost related to NRS&#8217; non-vested Class B common stock was an aggregate of $1.8 million. The
unrecognized compensation cost is expected to be recognized over the remaining vesting period that ends in fiscal 2027.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in">As of October 31, 2024, there was an aggregate of $0.8 million in unrecognized
compensation cost related to non-vested stock options and restricted stock, which is expected to be recognized over the remaining vesting
periods that end in fiscal 2028.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">Three months ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">Change</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">$</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">%</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="14" style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in millions)</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 36%; text-align: left">Income from operations</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">23.6</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">17.2</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">6.4</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">37.7</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Interest income, net</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">1.5</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">0.8</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">0.7</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">69.2</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other expense, net</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(0.3</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(5.6</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">5.3</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">94.9</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Provision for income taxes</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(6.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(3.9</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(2.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(59.7</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Net income</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">18.5</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">8.5</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">10.0</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">118.1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(1.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(51.0</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Net income attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">17.2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">7.7</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">9.5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">125.2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">%</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 27; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->27<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
Expense, net.</i> Other expense, net consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">Three months ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">(in millions)</td><td style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">0.1</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">(3.5</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity in the net loss of investee</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(0.8</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1.0</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Gains (losses) on investments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">0.4</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(0.9</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(0.2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(0.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(5.6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have an investment in shares of convertible preferred stock of a communications company (the equity method investee, or EMI). As of October
31, 2024 and 2023, our ownership was 33.4% and 33.3%, respectively, of the EMI&#8217;s outstanding shares on an as converted basis. We
account for this investment using the equity method since we can exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies
of the EMI but do not have a controlling interest. We determined that on the dates of the acquisitions of the EMI&#8217;s shares, there
were differences between our investment in the EMI and our proportional interest in the equity of the EMI of an aggregate of $8.2 million,
which represented the share of the EMI&#8217;s customer list on the dates of the acquisitions attributed to our interest in the EMI.
These basis differences are being amortized over the 6-year estimated life of the customer list. &#8220;Equity in the net loss of investee&#8221;
includes the amortization of equity method basis difference.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Provision
for Income Taxes.</i> The change in income tax expense in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar period in fiscal
2024 was primarily due to differences in the amount of taxable income earned in the various taxing jurisdictions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 40pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Net
Income Attributable to Noncontrolling Interests</i>. The change in the net income attributable to noncontrolling interests in the three
months ended October 31, 2024 compared to the similar period in fiscal 2024 was primarily due to increases in net income attributable to the
noncontrolling interests in net2phone 2.0, NRS, and the VIE, partially offset by a decrease in net income attributable to the noncontrolling interests in Sochitel.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Liquidity
and Capital Resources</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of the date of this Quarterly Report, we expect our cash flow from operations and the balance of cash, cash equivalents, debt securities,
and current equity investments that we held on October 31, 2024 will be sufficient to meet our currently anticipated working capital
and capital expenditure requirements during the twelve-month period ending October 31, 2025.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
October 31, 2024, we had cash, cash equivalents, debt securities, and current equity investments of $180.4 million and working capital
(current assets in excess of current liabilities) of $161.9 million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<b>Contractual Obligations and Commitments</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table includes our anticipated material cash requirements from contractual obligations and other commitments at October 31,
2024:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; vertical-align: bottom"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Payments Due by Period</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"> <b>(in millions)</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">Less than<br/> 1 year</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">1&#8211;3 years</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">4&#8211;5 years</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">After 5 years</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center; font-weight: bold; vertical-align: bottom">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 35%; text-align: left">Purchase commitments</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">1.3</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">0.9</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">0.4</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Connectivity obligations under service agreements</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1.1</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">0.5</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">0.6</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Operating leases including short-term leases</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">4.1</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">2.3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">1.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">0.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total (1)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">6.5</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">3.7</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">2.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">0.4</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 0.25in">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
                                            above table does not include up to $10 million for the potential redemption of shares of
                                            NRS&#8217; Class B common stock, an aggregate of $33.2 million in performance bonds, and
                                            up to $3.0 million for potential contingent consideration payments related to a business acquisition,
                                            due to the uncertainty of the amount and/or timing of any such payments.</span></td></tr></table>


<p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
 <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"/></tr></table>





<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 28; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->28<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
<b>Consolidated Financial Condition</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three months ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in millions)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Cash flows provided by (used in):</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Operating activities</td><td style="width: 2%; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">0.2</td><td style="width: 1%; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">14.8</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Investing activities</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(8.7</td><td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">4.3</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Financing activities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><b>(3.7</b></td><td style="text-align: left"><b>)</b></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(2.6</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><b>&#8212;</b></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><b>&#160;</b></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(6.9</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(Decrease) increase in cash, cash
equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; font-weight: bold; text-align: right">(12.2</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">9.6</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Operating Activities</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
cash flow from operations varies significantly from quarter to quarter and from year to year, depending on our operating results and
the timing of operating cash receipts and payments, generally trade accounts receivable and trade accounts payable. The decrease in net cash provided by operating activities to $0.2 million from $14.8 million in the three months
ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, predominantly reflects the timing of our payments to cover anticipated BOSS Money disbursement
prefunding.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Gross trade accounts receivable decreased to $48.2 million at October 31,
2024 from $48.6 million at July 31, 2024 primarily due to collections in the three months ended October 31, 2024 that were greater than
amounts billed during the period, as well as from changes in foreign currency exchange rates.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred revenue arises from sales of prepaid products and varies from
period to period depending on the mix and the timing of revenues. Deferred revenue decreased to $29.3 million at October 31, 2024 from
$30.4 million at July 31, 2024 primarily due to decreases in the BOSS Revolution&#8217;s and traditional calling cards&#8217; deferred
revenue balances.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Customer funds deposits liabilities increased to $95.0 million at October
31, 2024 from $91.9 million at July 31, 2024. Our restricted cash and cash equivalents included an aggregate of $95.0 million and $90.7
million at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, respectively, held by IDT Financial Services and our VIE for these customer funds.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
September 2017, we and certain of our subsidiaries were certified by the New Jersey Economic Development Authority, or NJEDA, as having
met the requirements of the Grow New Jersey Assistance Act Tax Credit Program. The program provides for credits against a corporation&#8217;s
New Jersey corporate business tax liability for maintaining a minimum number of employees in New Jersey, and that tax credits may be
sold subject to certain conditions. On June 5, 2023, we received a 2019 tax credit certificate for $1.8 million from the NJEDA. In August
2023, we sold the certificate for cash of $1.6 million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require
a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in
the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that we have liability
for periods for which we have not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions were successful
it could materially and adversely affect our business, financial position, and operating results. One or more jurisdictions may change
their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to our operations, and if such changes were made it could materially
and adversely affect our business, financial position, and operating results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
discussed in Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 to Part I of this Quarterly Report, we (as well as other
defendants) were named in a class action on behalf of the stockholders of our former subsidiary, Straight Path. On October 3, 2023, the
Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware dismissed all claims against us, and found that, contrary to the plaintiffs&#8217; allegations,
the class suffered no damages. The plaintiffs will have 30 days from entry of the final order to file an appeal.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Investing Activities</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
capital expenditures were $5.3 million and $4.3 million in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. We currently
anticipate that total capital expenditures in the twelve-month period ending October 31, 2025 will be $19 million to $20 million. We
expect to fund our capital expenditures with our net cash provided by operating activities and cash, cash equivalents, debt securities,
and current equity investments on hand.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
both the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, each of the EMI&#8217;s shareholders, including us, purchased additional shares
of the EMI&#8217;s convertible preferred stock. We paid an aggregate of $0.7 million in both the three months ended
October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, to purchase additional shares. At October 31, 2024, we were committed to purchase
additional shares of the EMI&#8217;s convertible preferred stock in January 2025 for $0.3 million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 29; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->29<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Purchases
of debt securities and equity investments were $12.7 million and $7.8 million in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.
Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments were $9.9 million and $17.1 million in the
three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Financing Activities</b></span></p>

<p style="font: italic 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the three months ended October 31, 2024, we paid a cash dividend of $0.05 per share on our Class A and Class B common stock. In the three months ended October 31, 2024, we paid aggregate cash dividends of $1.3 million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
distributed cash of nil and $0.1 million in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively, to the noncontrolling
interests in certain of our subsidiaries.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Our
subsidiary, IDT Telecom, Inc., or IDT Telecom, entered into a credit agreement, dated as of May 17, 2021, with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving
credit facility for up to a maximum principal amount of $25.0 million. As of July 15, 2024 and July 28, 2023, IDT Telecom and TD Bank,
N.A. amended certain terms of the credit agreement. IDT Telecom may use the proceeds to finance working capital requirements and for
certain closing costs of the facility. At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, there were no amounts outstanding under this facility.
In the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, IDT Telecom borrowed and repaid an aggregate of $14.2 million and $30.3 million
, respectively, under the facility. The revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#8217;s assets. The principal
outstanding bears interest per annum at the secured overnight financing rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank of New York plus 10
basis points, plus depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter, 125 to 175 basis
points. Interest is payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May 16, 2026. IDT Telecom
pays a quarterly unused commitment fee of 10 basis points on the average daily balance of the unused portion of the $25.0 million commitment.
IDT Telecom is required to comply with various affirmative and negative covenants as well as maintain certain targets based on financial
ratios during the term of the revolving credit facility. As of October 31, 2024, IDT Telecom was in compliance with all of the covenants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the three months ended October 31, 2023, we received cash from the exercise of stock options of $0.2 million for which we issued 12,500
shares of our Class B common stock. There were no stock option exercises in the three months ended October 31, 2024.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
have an existing stock repurchase program authorized by our Board of Directors for the repurchase of shares of our Class B common stock.
In January 2016, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 8.0 million shares in the aggregate. In the three months ended October 31,
2024, we repurchased 37,714 shares of our Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $1.3 million. In the three months ended
October 31, 2023, we repurchased 125,470 shares of our Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $2.8 million. At October
31, 2024, 4.4 million shares remained available for repurchase under the stock repurchase program.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, we paid $1.1 million and $15,000, respectively, to repurchase 24,290 and 654 shares, respectively,
of our Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of ours to satisfy the employees&#8217; tax withholding obligations in connection
with the lapsing of restrictions on restricted stock and shares issued for bonus payments. Such shares were repurchased
by us based on their fair market value as of the close of business on the trading day immediately prior to the vesting date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>Other
Sources and Uses of Resources</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><i>&#160;</i></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From time to time we consider spin-offs and other potential dispositions of certain of our subsidiaries. A spin-off may include the contribution of a significant amount of cash, cash equivalents,
debt securities, and/or equity securities to the subsidiary prior to the spin-off, which would reduce our capital resources. There is
no assurance that a transaction will be completed.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
intend to, where appropriate, make strategic investments and acquisitions to complement, expand, and/or enter into new businesses. In
considering acquisitions and investments, we search for opportunities to profitably grow our existing businesses and/or to add qualitatively
to the range and diversification of businesses in our portfolio. We cannot guarantee that we will be presented with acquisition opportunities
that meet our return-on-investment criteria, or that our efforts to make acquisitions that meet our criteria will be successful.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="me_010"></span>Item 3.</b></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risks</b></span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Foreign
Currency Risk</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Revenues
from our international operations were 21% and 26% of our consolidated revenues in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023,
respectively. A significant portion of our revenues is in currencies other than the U.S. Dollar. Our foreign currency exchange risk is
somewhat mitigated by our ability to offset a portion of these non-U.S. Dollar-denominated revenues with operating expenses that are
paid in the same currencies. While the impact from fluctuations in foreign exchange rates affects our revenues and expenses denominated
in foreign currencies, the net amount of our exposure to foreign currency exchange rate changes at the end of each reporting period is
generally not material.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Investment
Risk</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">We
hold a portion of our assets in debt and equity securities, including hedge funds, for strategic and speculative purposes. At October
31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the value of our debt and equity security holdings was an aggregate of $39.4 million and $35.0 million, respectively,
which represented 7% and 6% of our total assets at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, respectively. Investments in debt and equity securities
carry a degree of risk and depend to a great extent on correct assessments of the future course of price movements of securities and
other instruments. There can be no assurance that our investment managers will be able to accurately predict these price movements. The
securities markets have in recent years been characterized by great volatility and unpredictability. Accordingly, the value of our investments
may go down as well as up and we may not receive the amounts originally invested upon redemption.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="me_011"></span>Item 4.</b></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Controls and Procedures</b></span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Evaluation
of Disclosure Controls and Procedures.</i> Our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have evaluated the effectiveness of
our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended),
as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and
Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of October 31, 2024.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Changes
in Internal Control over Financial Reporting.</i> There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting during the fiscal
quarter ended October 31, 2024 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over
financial reporting.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 30; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->30<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="me_012"></span>PART
II. OTHER INFORMATION</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="me_013"></span>Item 1.</b></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Legal Proceedings</b></span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Legal
proceedings in which we are involved are described in Note 16 to the Consolidated Financial Statements included in Item 1 to Part I of
this Quarterly Report.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="me_014"></span>Item 1A.</b></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Risk Factors</b></span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
are no material changes from the risk factors previously disclosed in Item 1A to Part I of our 2024 Form 10-K.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="me_015"></span>Item 2.</b></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds</b></span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides information with respect to purchases by us of our shares during the first quarter of fiscal 2025:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Total<br/>
                    Number of<br/> Shares<br/> Purchased (1)</b></span></p> <!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page --></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Average<br/> Price<br/> per Share</b></span></p> <!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page --></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Total Number<br/> of Shares<br/> Purchased as<br/> part of<br/> Publicly<br/> Announced<br/> Plans or<br/> Programs</b></span></p> <!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page --></td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Maximum<br/> Number of<br/> Shares that<br/> May Yet Be<br/> Purchased<br/> Under the<br/> Plans or<br/> Programs (2)</b></span></p> <!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page --></td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 36%">August 1-31, 2024</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">41,758</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">35.44</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">37,714</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right">4,366,072</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>September 1&#8211;30, 2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">267</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">37.98</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">4,366,072</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">October 1&#8211;31, 2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">19,979</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">47.09</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">&#8212;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">4,366,072</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">62,004</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">39.21</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">37,714</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>



<p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"/></tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1)</td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify">Total number of shares purchased includes shares of our Class B common stock that were purchased under our repurchase
program, as well as shares of our Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of ours to satisfy the employees&#8217; tax withholding
obligations in connection with the lapsing of restrictions on restricted stock and shares issued for bonus payments. Shares tendered by
employees were repurchased by us based on their fair market value as of the close of business on the trading day immediately prior to
the vesting date.</td></tr>
                                                                                                                                      <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
<td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"/><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
                                            January 22, 2016, our Board of Directors approved a stock repurchase program to purchase
                                            up to 8.0 million shares of our Class B common stock.</span></td></tr>
</table>

<p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="me_016"></span>Item 3.</b></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Defaults Upon Senior Securities</b></span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">None</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="me_017"></span>Item 4.</b></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Mine Safety Disclosures</b></span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Not
applicable</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="me_018"></span>Item 5.</b></span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Other Information</b></span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_ecustom--NoInsiderTradingFlag_dbT_c20240801__20241031_zDPq1fpnrJCc" title="No insider trading flag" class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIEluc2lkZXIgVHJhZGluZyBBcnJhbmdlbWVudHMA"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" format="ixt:booleantrue" id="Fact001566" name="IDT:NoInsiderTradingFlag">None</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b><span id="me_019"></span>Item 6</b>.</span> <span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Exhibits</b></span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap; width: 0.75in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <b>Exhibit<br/>
    Number</b></span></td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 0.1in">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <b>Description</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    31.1*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <a href="ex31-1.htm">Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to &#167;302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    31.2*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <a href="ex31-2.htm">Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 17 CFR 240.13a-14(a), as adopted pursuant to &#167;302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    32.1*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <a href="ex32-1.htm">Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to &#167;906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    32.2*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <a href="ex32-2.htm">Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350, as adopted pursuant to &#167;906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.</a></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    101.SCH*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    101.CAL*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    101.DEF*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    101.LAB*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    101.PRE*</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    &#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; white-space: nowrap"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    104</span></td>
    <td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    Cover Page Interactive Data File (formatted as Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101)</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="text-align: center; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; width: 25%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></p>


<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
 <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">*</span></td><td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Filed
                                       herewith.</span></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 31; Value: 2 -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->31<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="width: 100%">&#160;</td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="me_020"></span>SIGNATURES</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant
to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by
the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
</span></p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>IDT
    CORPORATION</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 49%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 3%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 46%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">December
    10, 2024</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <i>/s/ SHMUEL JONAS</i></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <b>Shmuel Jonas</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <b>Chief Executive Officer</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">December
    10, 2024</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    By:</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <i>/s/ MARCELO FISCHER </i></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <b>Marcelo Fischer</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
    <b>Chief Financial Officer</b></span></td></tr>
  </table>
<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>


<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 32; Options: Last -->
    <div style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt"><table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><td style="text-align: center; width: 100%"><!-- Field: Sequence; Type: Arabic; Name: PageNo -->32<!-- Field: /Sequence --></td></tr></table></div>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>
</body>
</html>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.1
<SEQUENCE>2
<FILENAME>ex31-1.htm
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>EXHIBIT
31.1</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CERTIFICATION
OF CHIEF EXECUTIVE OFFICER<BR>
<BR>
PURSUANT TO EXCHANGE ACT RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)<BR>
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">I,
Shmuel Jonas, certify that:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of IDT Corporation;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the
period covered by this report;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this Report, fairly present in all material
respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this
report;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.
The registrant&rsquo;s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act
Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision,
to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others
within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under
our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions
about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;
and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant&rsquo;s
most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant&rsquo;s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected,
or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 23.75pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.
The registrant&rsquo;s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant&rsquo;s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant&rsquo;s board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant&rsquo;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information;
and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant&rsquo;s
internal control over financial reporting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:
December 10, 2024</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    SHMUEL JONAS</I></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Shmuel
                                            Jonas</B></FONT></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"></P></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: center; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><B>Chief
    Executive Officer</B></TD></TR> </TABLE><P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>
<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1; Options: Last -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page --><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;
                         </B></FONT></P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-31.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>ex31-2.htm
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>EXHIBIT
31.2</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>&nbsp;</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">CERTIFICATION
OF CHIEF FINANCIAL OFFICER<BR>
<BR>
PURSUANT TO EXCHANGE ACT RULE 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a)<BR>
AS ADOPTED PURSUANT TO SECTION 302 OF THE SARBANES-OXLEY ACT OF 2002</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">I,
Marcelo Fischer, certify that:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.
I have reviewed this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q of IDT Corporation;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.
Based on my knowledge, this report does not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact necessary
to make the statements made, in light of the circumstances under which such statements were made, not misleading with respect to the
period covered by this report;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3.
Based on my knowledge, the financial statements, and other financial information included in this Report, fairly present in all material
respects the financial condition, results of operations and cash flows of the registrant as of, and for, the periods presented in this
report;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4.
The registrant&rsquo;s other certifying officer(s) and I are responsible for establishing and maintaining disclosure controls and procedures
(as defined in Exchange Act Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e)) and internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Exchange Act
Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f)) for the registrant and have:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
Designed such disclosure controls and procedures, or caused such disclosure controls and procedures to be designed under our supervision,
to ensure that material information relating to the registrant, including its consolidated subsidiaries, is made known to us by others
within those entities, particularly during the period in which this report is being prepared;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
Designed such internal control over financial reporting, or caused such internal control over financial reporting to be designed under
our supervision, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements
for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(c)
Evaluated the effectiveness of the registrant&rsquo;s disclosure controls and procedures and presented in this report our conclusions
about the effectiveness of the disclosure controls and procedures, as of the end of the period covered by this report based on such evaluation;
and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(d)
Disclosed in this report any change in the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting that occurred during the registrant&rsquo;s
most recent fiscal quarter (the registrant&rsquo;s fourth fiscal quarter in the case of an annual report) that has materially affected,
or is reasonably likely to materially affect, the registrant&rsquo;s internal control over financial reporting; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 23.75pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5.
The registrant&rsquo;s other certifying officer(s) and I have disclosed, based on our most recent evaluation of internal control over
financial reporting, to the registrant&rsquo;s auditors and the audit committee of the registrant&rsquo;s board of directors (or persons
performing the equivalent functions):</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(a)
All significant deficiencies and material weaknesses in the design or operation of internal control over financial reporting which are
reasonably likely to adversely affect the registrant&rsquo;s ability to record, process, summarize and report financial information;
and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(b)
Any fraud, whether or not material, that involves management or other employees who have a significant role in the registrant&rsquo;s
internal control over financial reporting.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 23.75pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:
December 10, 2024</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    MARCELO FISCHER</I></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Marcelo
                                            Fischer</B></FONT></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Chief
    Financial Officer</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1; Options: Last -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.1
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>ex32-1.htm
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>EXHIBIT
32.1</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certification
Pursuant to<BR>
18 U.S.C. Section 1350<BR>
(as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of<BR>
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the Quarterly Report of IDT Corporation (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 31, 2024
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;Report&rdquo;), I, Shmuel Jonas, Chief Executive Officer of the Company,
certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. &sect; 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 24.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 24.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations
of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:
December 10, 2024</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-bottom: black 1pt solid; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    SHMUEL JONAS</I></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Shmuel
                                            Jonas</B></FONT></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Chief
    Executive Officer</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting
the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906, has been provided
to IDT Corporation and will be retained by IDT Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon
request.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1; Options: Last -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-32.2
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>ex32-2.htm
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: right; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>EXHIBIT
32.2</B></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certification
Pursuant to<BR>
18 U.S.C. Section 1350<BR>
(as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of<BR>
the Sarbanes-Oxley Act Of 2002)</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
connection with the Quarterly Report of IDT Corporation (the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 31, 2024
as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;Report&rdquo;), I, Marcelo Fischer, Chief Financial Officer of the Company,
certify, pursuant to 18 U.S.C. &sect; 1350, as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, that to my knowledge:</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 24.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 24.45pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1.
The Report fully complies with the requirements of Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934; and</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0.25in"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2.
The information contained in the Report fairly presents, in all material respects, the financial condition and results of operations
of the Company.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 24.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 24.45pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Date:
December 10, 2024</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<TABLE CELLSPACING="0" CELLPADDING="0" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: top">
    <TD STYLE="width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; width: 50%"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><I>/s/
    MARCELO FISCHER</I></FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Marcelo
                                            Fischer</B></FONT></P>
    <P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><B>Chief
    Financial Officer</B></FONT></P></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>
<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="text-align: justify; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0.25in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">A
signed original of this written statement required by Section 906, or other document authenticating, acknowledging, or otherwise adopting
the signature that appears in typed form within the electronic version of this written statement required by Section 906, has been provided
to IDT Corporation and will be retained by IDT Corporation and furnished to the Securities and Exchange Commission or its staff upon
request.</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"></P>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1; Options: Last -->
    <DIV STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 6pt; border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; font-size: 10pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top; text-align: left"><TD STYLE="width: 100%">&nbsp;</TD></TR></TABLE></DIV>
    <!-- Field: /Page -->

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-indent: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0"><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></P>

</BODY>
</HTML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>idt-20241031.xsd
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL SCHEMA FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" ?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.24c -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Misc; Value: 96Mps7xRiXgen8uDanwsWaqICbP9z5Z8aekhvWB8bUlKryEt2aqjBiRe/N7W8eMK -->
<schema xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi" xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024" xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024" xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2024" xmlns:srt-types="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2024" xmlns:ecd="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024" xmlns:dtr-types="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31" xmlns:IDT="http://idt.net/20241031" elementFormDefault="qualified" targetNamespace="http://idt.net/20241031">
    <annotation>
      <appinfo>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/Cover" id="Cover">
          <link:definition>00000001 - Document - Cover</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets" id="BalanceSheets">
          <link:definition>00000002 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical" id="BalanceSheetsParenthetical">
          <link:definition>00000003 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome" id="StatementsOfIncome">
          <link:definition>00000004 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical" id="StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical">
          <link:definition>00000005 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome" id="StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome">
          <link:definition>00000006 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity" id="StatementsOfEquity">
          <link:definition>00000007 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquityParenthetical" id="StatementsOfEquityParenthetical">
          <link:definition>00000008 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows" id="StatementsOfCashFlows">
          <link:definition>00000009 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentation" id="BasisOfPresentation">
          <link:definition>995615 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformation" id="BusinessSegmentInformation">
          <link:definition>995616 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognition" id="RevenueRecognition">
          <link:definition>995617 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/Leases" id="Leases">
          <link:definition>995618 - Disclosure - Leases</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" id="CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents">
          <link:definition>995619 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecurities" id="DebtSecurities">
          <link:definition>995620 - Disclosure - Debt Securities</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestments" id="EquityInvestments">
          <link:definition>995621 - Disclosure - Equity Investments</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurements" id="FairValueMeasurements">
          <link:definition>995622 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntity" id="VariableInterestEntity">
          <link:definition>995623 - Disclosure - Variable Interest Entity</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNet" id="OtherOperatingGainNet">
          <link:definition>995624 - Disclosure - Other Operating Gain, Net</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacility" id="RevolvingCreditFacility">
          <link:definition>995625 - Disclosure - Revolving Credit Facility</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" id="RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest">
          <link:definition>995626 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/Equity" id="Equity">
          <link:definition>995627 - Disclosure - Equity</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShare" id="EarningsPerShare">
          <link:definition>995628 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss" id="AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss">
          <link:definition>995629 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingencies" id="CommitmentsAndContingencies">
          <link:definition>995630 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNet" id="OtherExpenseNet">
          <link:definition>995631 - Disclosure - Other Expense, Net</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxes" id="IncomeTaxes">
          <link:definition>995632 - Disclosure - Income Taxes</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted" id="RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted">
          <link:definition>995633 - Disclosure - Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationPolicies" id="BasisOfPresentationPolicies">
          <link:definition>995634 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Policies)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationTables" id="BasisOfPresentationTables">
          <link:definition>995635 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationTables" id="BusinessSegmentInformationTables">
          <link:definition>995636 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables" id="RevenueRecognitionTables">
          <link:definition>995637 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables" id="LeasesTables">
          <link:definition>995638 - Disclosure - Leases (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables" id="CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables">
          <link:definition>995639 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables" id="DebtSecuritiesTables">
          <link:definition>995640 - Disclosure - Debt Securities (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables" id="EquityInvestmentsTables">
          <link:definition>995641 - Disclosure - Equity Investments (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables" id="FairValueMeasurementsTables">
          <link:definition>995642 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntityTables" id="VariableInterestEntityTables">
          <link:definition>995643 - Disclosure - Variable Interest Entity (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNetTables" id="OtherOperatingGainNetTables">
          <link:definition>995644 - Disclosure - Other Operating Gain, Net (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables" id="RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables">
          <link:definition>995645 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareTables" id="EarningsPerShareTables">
          <link:definition>995646 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables" id="AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables">
          <link:definition>995647 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNetTables" id="OtherExpenseNetTables">
          <link:definition>995648 - Disclosure - Other Expense, Net (Tables)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails" id="ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails">
          <link:definition>995649 - Disclosure - Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative" id="BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>995650 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails" id="ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails">
          <link:definition>995651 - Disclosure - Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative" id="BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>995652 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails" id="ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails">
          <link:definition>995653 - Disclosure - Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails" id="ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails">
          <link:definition>995654 - Disclosure - Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails" id="ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails">
          <link:definition>995655 - Disclosure - Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails" id="ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails">
          <link:definition>995656 - Disclosure - Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" id="ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails">
          <link:definition>995657 - Disclosure - Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" id="ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails">
          <link:definition>995658 - Disclosure - Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails" id="ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails">
          <link:definition>995659 - Disclosure - Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company&#8217;s Operating Leases (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails" id="ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails">
          <link:definition>995660 - Disclosure - Schedule of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails" id="ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails">
          <link:definition>995661 - Disclosure - Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails" id="ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails">
          <link:definition>995662 - Disclosure - Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative" id="LeasesDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>995663 - Disclosure - Leases (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" id="ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails">
          <link:definition>995664 - Disclosure - Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" id="ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails">
          <link:definition>995665 - Disclosure - Schedule of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails" id="ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails">
          <link:definition>995666 - Disclosure - Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails" id="ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails">
          <link:definition>995667 - Disclosure - Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails" id="ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails">
          <link:definition>995668 - Disclosure - Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails" id="ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails">
          <link:definition>995669 - Disclosure - Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative" id="DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>995670 - Disclosure - Debt Securities (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" id="ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails">
          <link:definition>995671 - Disclosure - Schedule of Equity Investments (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical" id="ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical">
          <link:definition>995672 - Disclosure - Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) (Parenthetical)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" id="ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails">
          <link:definition>995673 - Disclosure - Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails" id="ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails">
          <link:definition>995674 - Disclosure - Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails" id="SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails">
          <link:definition>995675 - Disclosure - Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative" id="EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>995676 - Disclosure - Equity Investments (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails" id="ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails">
          <link:definition>995677 - Disclosure - Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" id="ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details">
          <link:definition>995678 - Disclosure - Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" id="ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details">
          <link:definition>995679 - Disclosure - Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative" id="FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>995680 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails" id="ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails">
          <link:definition>995681 - Disclosure - Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails" id="ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails">
          <link:definition>995682 - Disclosure - VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails" id="ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails">
          <link:definition>995683 - Disclosure - Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative" id="RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>995684 - Disclosure - Revolving Credit Facility (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails" id="ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails">
          <link:definition>995685 - Disclosure - Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity&#8217;s Noncontrolling Interest (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative" id="RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>995686 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative" id="EquityDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>995687 - Disclosure - Equity (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails" id="ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails">
          <link:definition>995688 - Disclosure - Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative" id="EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>995689 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails" id="ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails">
          <link:definition>995690 - Disclosure - Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss) (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative" id="CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>995691 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails" id="ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails">
          <link:definition>995692 - Disclosure - Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net (Details)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:roleType roleURI="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" id="IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative">
          <link:definition>995693 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details Narrative)</link:definition>
          <link:usedOn>link:presentationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
          <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
        </link:roleType>
        <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="idt-20241031_pre.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Presentation Links" />
        <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="idt-20241031_lab.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/labelLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Label Links" />
        <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="idt-20241031_cal.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/calculationLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Calculation Links" />
        <link:linkbaseRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="idt-20241031_def.xml" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/definitionLinkbaseRef" xlink:arcrole="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink/properties/linkbase" xlink:title="Definition Links" />
      </appinfo>
    </annotation>
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/us-types/2024" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-types-2024.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31" schemaLocation="https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31/types.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2024" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2024/country-2024.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt/2024" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd" />
    <import namespace="http://fasb.org/srt-types/2024" schemaLocation="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-types-2024.xsd" />
    <element id="IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" name="TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" name="NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" name="NationalRetailSolutionsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember" name="DirectCostOfRevenuesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_FintechMember" name="FintechMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_Net2phoneMember" name="Net2phoneMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" name="TraditionalCommunicationsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" name="BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_OtherMember" name="OtherMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember" name="IDTDigitalPaymentsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember" name="BOSSRevolutionMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_IDTGlobalMember" name="IDTGlobalMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_OthersMember" name="OthersMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember" name="IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember" name="DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember" name="GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_ZedgeIncMember" name="ZedgeIncMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" name="RafaelHoldingsIncMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" name="OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" name="SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_VisaIncMember" name="VisaIncMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" name="SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" name="VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember" name="VisaClassACommonStockMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" name="EquityMethodInvestmentMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" name="RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" name="ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_TDBankMember" name="TDBankMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_IDTTelecomMember" name="IDTTelecomMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_CommonClassAandBMember" name="CommonClassAandBMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember" name="ClassBCommonStockMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_EmployeesMember" name="EmployeesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember" name="AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_BillPereiraMember" name="BillPereiraMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" name="FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" name="DisbursementPrefunding" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve" name="SettlementAssetsReserve" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" name="TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" name="TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" name="NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag" name="NoInsiderTradingFlag" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:booleanItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" name="DisclosureLeasesAbstract" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:stringItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock" name="AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock" name="ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:textBlockItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" name="FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" name="InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" abstract="true" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" name="NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="xbrli:sharesItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" name="AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" name="EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" name="AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" name="EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" name="EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" name="ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds" name="InvestmentInHedgeFunds" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" name="VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" name="VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_CorporateOther" name="CorporateOther" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="debit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" name="SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" name="PerformanceBondsOutstanding" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="instant" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" name="IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember" name="IDTPaymentServicesMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_FintechgovernmentGrants" name="FintechgovernmentGrants" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCableTelephonyCustomerIndemnificationClaim" name="TraditionalCommunicationsCableTelephonyCustomerIndemnificationClaim" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_MrJonasAndMrFischerMember" name="MrJonasAndMrFischerMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_NonQualifiedStockOptionMember" name="NonQualifiedStockOptionMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_MrFischerMember" name="MrFischerMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember" name="DeferredStockUnitsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_BoardOfDirectorMember" name="BoardOfDirectorMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:perShareItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodGrantDateFairValue" name="ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodGrantDateFairValue" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_CashPaidForPurchaseOfSubsidiarySharesOfCommonStock" name="CashPaidForPurchaseOfSubsidiarySharesOfCommonStock" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" xbrli:balance="credit" type="xbrli:monetaryItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_MrJonasMember" name="MrJonasMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_PurchaseOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquity" name="PurchaseOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquity" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:percentItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_QuarterlyDividendMember" name="QuarterlyDividendMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_O2024Q1DividendsMember" name="O2024Q1DividendsMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
    <element id="IDT_NRSClassACommonStockMember" name="NRSClassACommonStockMember" nillable="true" xbrli:periodType="duration" type="dtr-types:domainItemType" substitutionGroup="xbrli:item" />
</schema>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.CAL
<SEQUENCE>7
<FILENAME>idt-20241031_cal.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL CALCULATION FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.24c -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/Cover" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#Cover" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BalanceSheets" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfIncome" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfEquity" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquityParenthetical" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfEquityParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentation" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BasisOfPresentation" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformation" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BusinessSegmentInformation" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognition" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RevenueRecognition" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/Leases" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#Leases" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecurities" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#DebtSecurities" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestments" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EquityInvestments" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurements" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#FairValueMeasurements" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntity" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#VariableInterestEntity" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNet" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#OtherOperatingGainNet" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacility" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RevolvingCreditFacility" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/Equity" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#Equity" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShare" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EarningsPerShare" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNet" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#OtherExpenseNet" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxes" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IncomeTaxes" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationPolicies" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BasisOfPresentationPolicies" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BasisOfPresentationTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BusinessSegmentInformationTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RevenueRecognitionTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#LeasesTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#DebtSecuritiesTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EquityInvestmentsTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#FairValueMeasurementsTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntityTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#VariableInterestEntityTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNetTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#OtherOperatingGainNetTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EarningsPerShareTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNetTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#OtherExpenseNetTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#LeasesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EquityDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/Cover" xlink:title="00000001 - Document - Cover" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets" xlink:title="00000002 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNi" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapReceivablesNetCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SettlementAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSettlementAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSettlementAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisbursementPrefunding" />
      <link:calculationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_IDTDisbursementPrefunding" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPrepaidExpenseCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssets" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapGoodwill" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapGoodwill" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIntangibleAssetsNet" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLongTermInvestments" />
      <link:calculationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLongTermInvestments" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" />
      <link:calculationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" />
      <link:calculationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsNoncurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountsPayableCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDepositLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilities" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAdditionalPaidInCapital" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:calculationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" />
      <link:calculationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterest" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterest" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilities" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommitmentsAndContingencies" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:title="00000003 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome" xlink:title="00000004 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapGrossProfit" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenues" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapGrossProfit" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenues" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCostOfRevenue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapGrossProfit" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCostOfRevenue" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpenses" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpenses" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpenses" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSeveranceCosts1" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpenses" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSeveranceCosts1" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpenses" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapGrossProfit" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpenses" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInterestIncomeExpenseNet" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInterestIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNonoperatingIncomeExpense" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical" xlink:title="00000005 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome" xlink:title="00000006 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity" xlink:title="00000007 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquityParenthetical" xlink:title="00000008 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:title="00000009 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDepreciationAndAmortization" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:calculationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapShareBasedCompensation" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherNoncashIncomeExpense" />
      <link:calculationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" />
      <link:calculationArc order="7" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" />
      <link:calculationArc order="8" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" />
      <link:calculationArc order="9" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" />
      <link:calculationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" />
      <link:calculationArc order="11" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsOfDividends" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsOfDividends" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToMinorityShareholders" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToMinorityShareholders" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:calculationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" />
      <link:calculationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentation" xlink:title="995615 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformation" xlink:title="995616 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognition" xlink:title="995617 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/Leases" xlink:title="995618 - Disclosure - Leases" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:title="995619 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecurities" xlink:title="995620 - Disclosure - Debt Securities" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestments" xlink:title="995621 - Disclosure - Equity Investments" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurements" xlink:title="995622 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntity" xlink:title="995623 - Disclosure - Variable Interest Entity" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNet" xlink:title="995624 - Disclosure - Other Operating Gain, Net" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacility" xlink:title="995625 - Disclosure - Revolving Credit Facility" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:title="995626 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/Equity" xlink:title="995627 - Disclosure - Equity" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShare" xlink:title="995628 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss" xlink:title="995629 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:title="995630 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNet" xlink:title="995631 - Disclosure - Other Expense, Net" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxes" xlink:title="995632 - Disclosure - Income Taxes" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted" xlink:title="995633 - Disclosure - Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationPolicies" xlink:title="995634 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Policies)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationTables" xlink:title="995635 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationTables" xlink:title="995636 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables" xlink:title="995637 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables" xlink:title="995638 - Disclosure - Leases (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables" xlink:title="995639 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables" xlink:title="995640 - Disclosure - Debt Securities (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables" xlink:title="995641 - Disclosure - Equity Investments (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables" xlink:title="995642 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntityTables" xlink:title="995643 - Disclosure - Variable Interest Entity (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNetTables" xlink:title="995644 - Disclosure - Other Operating Gain, Net (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables" xlink:title="995645 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareTables" xlink:title="995646 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables" xlink:title="995647 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNetTables" xlink:title="995648 - Disclosure - Other Expense, Net (Tables)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails" xlink:title="995649 - Disclosure - Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995650 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails" xlink:title="995651 - Disclosure - Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995652 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails" xlink:title="995653 - Disclosure - Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails" xlink:title="995654 - Disclosure - Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails" xlink:title="995655 - Disclosure - Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:title="995656 - Disclosure - Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:title="995657 - Disclosure - Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostNet" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:title="995658 - Disclosure - Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:title="995659 - Disclosure - Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company&#8217;s Operating Leases (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:title="995660 - Disclosure - Schedule of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails" xlink:title="995661 - Disclosure - Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:title="995662 - Disclosure - Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" />
      <link:calculationArc order="5" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" />
      <link:calculationArc order="6" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995663 - Disclosure - Leases (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:title="995664 - Disclosure - Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:title="995665 - Disclosure - Schedule of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails" xlink:title="995666 - Disclosure - Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails" xlink:title="995667 - Disclosure - Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails" xlink:title="995668 - Disclosure - Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails" xlink:title="995669 - Disclosure - Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995670 - Disclosure - Debt Securities (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:title="995671 - Disclosure - Schedule of Equity Investments (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical" xlink:title="995672 - Disclosure - Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) (Parenthetical)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:title="995673 - Disclosure - Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:title="995674 - Disclosure - Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails" xlink:title="995675 - Disclosure - Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995676 - Disclosure - Equity Investments (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails" xlink:title="995677 - Disclosure - Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:title="995678 - Disclosure - Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:title="995679 - Disclosure - Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995680 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails" xlink:title="995681 - Disclosure - Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails" xlink:title="995682 - Disclosure - VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails" xlink:title="995683 - Disclosure - Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LegalFees" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLegalFees" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLegalFees" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapUnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapUnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_CorporateOther" xlink:label="loc_IDTCorporateOther" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:to="loc_IDTCorporateOther" xlink:type="arc" weight="-1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995684 - Disclosure - Revolving Credit Facility (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails" xlink:title="995685 - Disclosure - Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity&#8217;s Noncontrolling Interest (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995686 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995687 - Disclosure - Equity (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails" xlink:title="995688 - Disclosure - Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995689 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails" xlink:title="995690 - Disclosure - Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss) (Details)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995691 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails" xlink:title="995692 - Disclosure - Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNonoperatingIncomeExpense" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" />
      <link:calculationArc order="1" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:calculationArc order="2" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapGainLossOnInvestments" />
      <link:calculationArc order="3" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapGainLossOnInvestments" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIncome" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIncome" />
      <link:calculationArc order="4" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/summation-item" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherIncome" xlink:type="arc" weight="1" />
    </link:calculationLink>
    <link:calculationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995693 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details Narrative)" />
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.DEF
<SEQUENCE>8
<FILENAME>idt-20241031_def.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL DEFINITION FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.24c -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrldt="http://xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/Cover" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#Cover" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BalanceSheets" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfIncome" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfEquity" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquityParenthetical" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfEquityParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentation" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BasisOfPresentation" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformation" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BusinessSegmentInformation" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognition" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RevenueRecognition" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/Leases" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#Leases" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecurities" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#DebtSecurities" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestments" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EquityInvestments" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurements" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#FairValueMeasurements" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntity" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#VariableInterestEntity" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNet" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#OtherOperatingGainNet" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacility" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RevolvingCreditFacility" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/Equity" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#Equity" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShare" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EarningsPerShare" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNet" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#OtherExpenseNet" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxes" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IncomeTaxes" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationPolicies" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BasisOfPresentationPolicies" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BasisOfPresentationTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BusinessSegmentInformationTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RevenueRecognitionTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#LeasesTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#DebtSecuritiesTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EquityInvestmentsTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#FairValueMeasurementsTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntityTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#VariableInterestEntityTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNetTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#OtherOperatingGainNetTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EarningsPerShareTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNetTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#OtherExpenseNetTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#LeasesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EquityDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosureWithAdditionalMeasures" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#PvpDisclosureWithAdditionalMeasures" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#PvpTable" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpAdjustmentsToCompensation" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#PvpAdjustmentsToCompensation" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/TabularListsByExecutiveCategory" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#TabularListsByExecutiveCategory" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/TabularListMeasures" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#TabularListMeasures" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpMeasures" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#PvpMeasures" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpExecutiveCategoriesOnly" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#PvpExecutiveCategoriesOnly" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpAdjustmentsOnly" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#PvpAdjustmentsOnly" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/IndividualsOnly" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#IndividualsOnly" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/AwardTypeOnly" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#AwardTypeOnly" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/TradingArrangementsOnly" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#TradingArrangmentsOnly" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ForgoneRecoveries" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ForgoneRecoveries" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/OutstandingRecoveries" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#OutstandingRecoveries" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardsCloseToMnpiDisc" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#AwardsCloseToMnpiDisc" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangementsByInd" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#InsiderTradingArrangemenstByInd" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/Defaults" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#Defaults" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/eedm/ExtensibleEnumerationLists" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-roles-2024.xsd#eedm" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:arcroleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd#hypercube-dimension" arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" />
    <link:arcroleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd#dimension-domain" arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" />
    <link:arcroleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd#domain-member" arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" />
    <link:arcroleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd#all" arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" />
    <link:arcroleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd#notAll" arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/notAll" />
    <link:arcroleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd#dimension-default" arcroleURI="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/Cover" xlink:title="00000001 - Document - Cover">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_30" xlink:type="arc" order="31" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentType_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentType_60" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="loc_deiAmendmentFlag_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiAmendmentFlag_60" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="loc_deiAmendmentDescription_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiAmendmentDescription_60" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentRegistrationStatement_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentRegistrationStatement_60" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentAnnualReport_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentAnnualReport_60" xlink:type="arc" order="4" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentQuarterlyReport_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentQuarterlyReport_60" xlink:type="arc" order="5" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentTransitionReport_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentTransitionReport_60" xlink:type="arc" order="6" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyReport_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyReport_60" xlink:type="arc" order="7" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyEventDate_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyEventDate_60" xlink:type="arc" order="8" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentPeriodStartDate_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentPeriodStartDate_60" xlink:type="arc" order="9" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentPeriodEndDate_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentPeriodEndDate_60" xlink:type="arc" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_60" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentFiscalYearFocus_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentFiscalYearFocus_60" xlink:type="arc" order="12" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="loc_deiCurrentFiscalYearEndDate_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiCurrentFiscalYearEndDate_60" xlink:type="arc" order="13" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityFileNumber_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityFileNumber_60" xlink:type="arc" order="14" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityRegistrantName_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityRegistrantName_60" xlink:type="arc" order="15" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCentralIndexKey_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCentralIndexKey_60" xlink:type="arc" order="16" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityPrimarySicNumber_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityPrimarySicNumber_60" xlink:type="arc" order="17" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityTaxIdentificationNumber_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityTaxIdentificationNumber_60" xlink:type="arc" order="18" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_60" xlink:type="arc" order="19" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine1_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine1_60" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine2_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine2_60" xlink:type="arc" order="21" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine3_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine3_60" xlink:type="arc" order="22" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressCityOrTown_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressCityOrTown_60" xlink:type="arc" order="23" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressStateOrProvince_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressStateOrProvince_60" xlink:type="arc" order="24" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressCountry_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressCountry_60" xlink:type="arc" order="25" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressPostalZipCode_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressPostalZipCode_60" xlink:type="arc" order="26" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="loc_deiCountryRegion_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiCountryRegion_60" xlink:type="arc" order="27" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="loc_deiCityAreaCode_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiCityAreaCode_60" xlink:type="arc" order="28" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiLocalPhoneNumber_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiLocalPhoneNumber_60" xlink:type="arc" order="29" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="loc_deiExtension_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiExtension_60" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="loc_deiWrittenCommunications_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiWrittenCommunications_60" xlink:type="arc" order="31" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="loc_deiSolicitingMaterial_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiSolicitingMaterial_60" xlink:type="arc" order="32" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="loc_deiPreCommencementTenderOffer_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiPreCommencementTenderOffer_60" xlink:type="arc" order="33" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="loc_deiPreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiPreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_60" xlink:type="arc" order="34" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurity12bTitle_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurity12bTitle_60" xlink:type="arc" order="35" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="loc_deiNoTradingSymbolFlag_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiNoTradingSymbolFlag_60" xlink:type="arc" order="36" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="loc_deiTradingSymbol_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiTradingSymbol_60" xlink:type="arc" order="37" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurityExchangeName_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurityExchangeName_60" xlink:type="arc" order="38" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurity12gTitle_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurity12gTitle_60" xlink:type="arc" order="39" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurityReportingObligation_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurityReportingObligation_60" xlink:type="arc" order="40" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="loc_deiAnnualInformationForm_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiAnnualInformationForm_60" xlink:type="arc" order="41" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="loc_deiAuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiAuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_60" xlink:type="arc" order="42" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_60" xlink:type="arc" order="43" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityVoluntaryFilers_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityVoluntaryFilers_60" xlink:type="arc" order="44" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCurrentReportingStatus_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCurrentReportingStatus_60" xlink:type="arc" order="45" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityInteractiveDataCurrent_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityInteractiveDataCurrent_60" xlink:type="arc" order="46" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityFilerCategory_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityFilerCategory_60" xlink:type="arc" order="47" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="loc_deiEntitySmallBusiness_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntitySmallBusiness_60" xlink:type="arc" order="48" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityEmergingGrowthCompany_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityEmergingGrowthCompany_60" xlink:type="arc" order="49" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityExTransitionPeriod_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityExTransitionPeriod_60" xlink:type="arc" order="50" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentAccountingStandard_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentAccountingStandard_60" xlink:type="arc" order="51" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiOtherReportingStandardItemNumber_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiOtherReportingStandardItemNumber_60" xlink:type="arc" order="52" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityShellCompany_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityShellCompany_60" xlink:type="arc" order="53" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityPublicFloat_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityPublicFloat_60" xlink:type="arc" order="54" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_60" xlink:type="arc" order="55" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_60" xlink:type="arc" order="56" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_60" xlink:type="arc" order="57" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityListingParValuePerShare" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityListingParValuePerShare_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityListingParValuePerShare_60" xlink:type="arc" order="58" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets" xlink:title="00000002 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember_20" xlink:type="arc" order="21" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_40" xlink:type="arc" order="41" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract_70" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_70" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_70" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="4" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNi_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNi_70" xlink:type="arc" order="5" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapReceivablesNetCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapReceivablesNetCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="6" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SettlementAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSettlementAssetsCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSettlementAssetsCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="7" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisbursementPrefunding_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_IDTDisbursementPrefunding_70" xlink:type="arc" order="8" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPrepaidExpenseCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPrepaidExpenseCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="9" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_70" xlink:type="arc" order="12" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapGoodwill_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapGoodwill_70" xlink:type="arc" order="13" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIntangibleAssetsNet_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherIntangibleAssetsNet_70" xlink:type="arc" order="14" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLongTermInvestments_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLongTermInvestments_70" xlink:type="arc" order="15" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_70" xlink:type="arc" order="16" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet_70" xlink:type="arc" order="17" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsNoncurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsNoncurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="18" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssets_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAssets_70" xlink:type="arc" order="19" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:type="arc" order="21" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountsPayableCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccountsPayableCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="22" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="23" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="24" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDepositLiabilityCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDepositLiabilityCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="25" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="26" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="27" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="28" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="29" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilities_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilities_70" xlink:type="arc" order="31" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommitmentsAndContingencies_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommitmentsAndContingencies_70" xlink:type="arc" order="32" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount_70" xlink:type="arc" order="33" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract_70" xlink:type="arc" order="34" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:type="arc" order="35" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockValue_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockValue_70" xlink:type="arc" order="36" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockValue_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockValue_70" xlink:type="arc" order="37" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAdditionalPaidInCapital_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAdditionalPaidInCapital_70" xlink:type="arc" order="38" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockValue_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockValue_70" xlink:type="arc" order="39" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_70" xlink:type="arc" order="40" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_70" xlink:type="arc" order="41" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity_70" xlink:type="arc" order="42" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterest_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterest_70" xlink:type="arc" order="43" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_70" xlink:type="arc" order="44" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_70" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_70" xlink:type="arc" order="45" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:title="00000003 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember_20" xlink:type="arc" order="21" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_40" xlink:type="arc" order="41" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve" xlink:label="loc_IDTSettlementAssetsReserve_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTSettlementAssetsReserve_70" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_70" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockSharesAuthorized_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockSharesAuthorized_70" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockSharesIssued_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockSharesIssued_70" xlink:type="arc" order="4" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_70" xlink:type="arc" order="5" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockSharesAuthorized_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockSharesAuthorized_70" xlink:type="arc" order="6" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockSharesIssued_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockSharesIssued_70" xlink:type="arc" order="7" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockSharesOutstanding_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockSharesOutstanding_70" xlink:type="arc" order="8" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockCommonShares_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockCommonShares_70" xlink:type="arc" order="9" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome" xlink:title="00000004 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical" xlink:title="00000005 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTTechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTTechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_20" xlink:type="arc" order="21" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapShareBasedCompensation_50" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapShareBasedCompensation_50" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome" xlink:title="00000006 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity" xlink:title="00000007 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_20" xlink:type="arc" order="21" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockCommonMember_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockCommonMember_30" xlink:type="arc" order="31" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_40" xlink:type="arc" order="41" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRetainedEarningsMember_50" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRetainedEarningsMember_50" xlink:type="arc" order="51" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNoncontrollingInterestMember_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNoncontrollingInterestMember_60" xlink:type="arc" order="61" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="12" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_490" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_490" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDividendsCommonStock_490" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDividendsCommonStock_490" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" xlink:label="loc_IDTTreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_490" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTTreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_490" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" xlink:label="loc_IDTTreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_490" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTTreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_490" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther_490" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther_490" xlink:type="arc" order="4" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_490" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_490" xlink:type="arc" order="5" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_490" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_490" xlink:type="arc" order="6" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" xlink:label="loc_IDTNetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_490" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTNetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_490" xlink:type="arc" order="7" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_490" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_490" xlink:type="arc" order="9" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_490" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_490" xlink:type="arc" order="10" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquityParenthetical" xlink:title="00000008 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:title="00000009 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentation" xlink:title="995615 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformation" xlink:title="995616 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognition" xlink:title="995617 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/Leases" xlink:title="995618 - Disclosure - Leases" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:title="995619 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecurities" xlink:title="995620 - Disclosure - Debt Securities" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestments" xlink:title="995621 - Disclosure - Equity Investments" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurements" xlink:title="995622 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntity" xlink:title="995623 - Disclosure - Variable Interest Entity" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNet" xlink:title="995624 - Disclosure - Other Operating Gain, Net" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacility" xlink:title="995625 - Disclosure - Revolving Credit Facility" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:title="995626 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/Equity" xlink:title="995627 - Disclosure - Equity" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShare" xlink:title="995628 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss" xlink:title="995629 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:title="995630 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNet" xlink:title="995631 - Disclosure - Other Expense, Net" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxes" xlink:title="995632 - Disclosure - Income Taxes" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted" xlink:title="995633 - Disclosure - Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationPolicies" xlink:title="995634 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Policies)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationTables" xlink:title="995635 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationTables" xlink:title="995636 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables" xlink:title="995637 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables" xlink:title="995638 - Disclosure - Leases (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables" xlink:title="995639 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables" xlink:title="995640 - Disclosure - Debt Securities (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables" xlink:title="995641 - Disclosure - Equity Investments (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables" xlink:title="995642 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntityTables" xlink:title="995643 - Disclosure - Variable Interest Entity (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNetTables" xlink:title="995644 - Disclosure - Other Operating Gain, Net (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables" xlink:title="995645 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareTables" xlink:title="995646 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables" xlink:title="995647 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNetTables" xlink:title="995648 - Disclosure - Other Expense, Net (Tables)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails" xlink:title="995649 - Disclosure - Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProductInformationLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfProductInformationTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductInformationLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfProductInformationTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RestatementAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtRestatementAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfProductInformationTable" xlink:to="loc_srtRestatementAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RestatementDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtRestatementDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_srtRestatementAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtRestatementDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RestatementDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtRestatementDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_srtRestatementAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtRestatementDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember" xlink:label="loc_srtScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtRestatementDomain" xlink:to="loc_srtScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfProductInformationTable" xlink:to="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTDirectCostOfRevenuesMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTDirectCostOfRevenuesMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTTechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTTechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="12" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductInformationLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_30" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995650 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_OwnershipAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtOwnershipAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_srtOwnershipAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_OwnershipDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtOwnershipDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_srtOwnershipAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtOwnershipDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_OwnershipDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtOwnershipDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_srtOwnershipAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtOwnershipDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtOwnershipDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtOwnershipDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RestatementAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtRestatementAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_srtRestatementAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RestatementDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtRestatementDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_srtRestatementAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtRestatementDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RestatementDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtRestatementDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_srtRestatementAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtRestatementDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember" xlink:label="loc_srtScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtRestatementDomain" xlink:to="loc_srtScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_40" xlink:type="arc" order="41" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" xlink:label="loc_IDTFullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTFullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_70" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_70" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails" xlink:title="995651 - Disclosure - Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingInformationLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FintechMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTFintechMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTFintechMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember_20" xlink:type="arc" order="21" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTTraditionalCommunicationsMember_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTTraditionalCommunicationsMember_30" xlink:type="arc" order="31" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCorporateMember_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCorporateMember_40" xlink:type="arc" order="41" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenues_130" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenues_130" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss_130" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss_130" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDepreciationAndAmortization_130" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDepreciationAndAmortization_130" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995652 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails" xlink:title="995653 - Disclosure - Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FintechMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTFintechMember_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTFintechMember_20" xlink:type="arc" order="22" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember_80" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember_80" xlink:type="arc" order="81" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTTraditionalCommunicationsMember_100" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTTraditionalCommunicationsMember_100" xlink:type="arc" order="102" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTBOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTBOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_20" xlink:type="arc" order="21" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_OtherMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTOtherMember_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTOtherMember_40" xlink:type="arc" order="41" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTIDTDigitalPaymentsMember_100" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTIDTDigitalPaymentsMember_100" xlink:type="arc" order="101" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTBOSSRevolutionMember_120" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTBOSSRevolutionMember_120" xlink:type="arc" order="121" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTGlobalMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTIDTGlobalMember_140" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTIDTGlobalMember_140" xlink:type="arc" order="141" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenues_230" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenues_230" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails" xlink:title="995654 - Disclosure - Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtStatementGeographicalAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="loc_srtStatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_srtStatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_srtStatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2024/country-2024.xsd#country_US" xlink:label="loc_countryUS_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:to="loc_countryUS_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2024/country-2024.xsd#country_GB" xlink:label="loc_countryGB_50" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:to="loc_countryGB_50" xlink:type="arc" order="51" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_OthersMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTOthersMember_100" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTOthersMember_100" xlink:type="arc" order="101" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NonUsMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNonUsMember_150" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNonUsMember_150" xlink:type="arc" order="151" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FintechMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTFintechMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTFintechMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="12" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember_20" xlink:type="arc" order="22" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTTraditionalCommunicationsMember_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTTraditionalCommunicationsMember_30" xlink:type="arc" order="32" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenues_510" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenues_510" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails" xlink:title="995655 - Disclosure - Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_130" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_130" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_130" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_130" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:title="995656 - Disclosure - Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:title="995657 - Disclosure - Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:title="995658 - Disclosure - Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:title="995659 - Disclosure - Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company&#8217;s Operating Leases (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:title="995660 - Disclosure - Schedule of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails" xlink:title="995661 - Disclosure - Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:title="995662 - Disclosure - Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995663 - Disclosure - Leases (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RangeAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtRangeAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_srtRangeAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RangeMember" xlink:label="loc_srtRangeMember" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_srtRangeAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtRangeMember" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RangeMember" xlink:label="loc_srtRangeMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_srtRangeAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtRangeMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_MinimumMember" xlink:label="loc_srtMinimumMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtRangeMember" xlink:to="loc_srtMinimumMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_MaximumMember" xlink:label="loc_srtMaximumMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtRangeMember" xlink:to="loc_srtMaximumMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_50" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_50" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_50" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_50" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:title="995664 - Disclosure - Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:title="995665 - Disclosure - Schedule of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFinancialInstrumentAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTIDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapTransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTIDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisbursementPaymentsVIEMember_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapTransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTDisbursementPaymentsVIEMember_20" xlink:type="arc" order="21" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFinancialInstrumentOtherMember_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapTransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFinancialInstrumentOtherMember_40" xlink:type="arc" order="41" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_90" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails" xlink:title="995666 - Disclosure - Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:label="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:to="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:label="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:to="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapUSTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapUSTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCorporateBondSecuritiesMember_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCorporateBondSecuritiesMember_20" xlink:type="arc" order="21" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_90" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_90" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_90" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_90" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails" xlink:title="995667 - Disclosure - Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails" xlink:title="995668 - Disclosure - Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:label="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:to="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:label="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:to="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapUSTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapUSTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCorporateBondSecuritiesMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCorporateBondSecuritiesMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTGovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTGovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_40" xlink:type="arc" order="41" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_80" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_80" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_80" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_80" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails" xlink:title="995669 - Disclosure - Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:label="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:to="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:label="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:to="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapUSTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapUSTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCorporateBondSecuritiesMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCorporateBondSecuritiesMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_70" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_70" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995670 - Disclosure - Debt Securities (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:title="995671 - Disclosure - Schedule of Equity Investments (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_100" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_100" xlink:type="arc" order="101" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTSeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_120" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTSeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_120" xlink:type="arc" order="121" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ZedgeIncMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTZedgeIncMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTZedgeIncMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_VisaIncMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTVisaIncMember_100" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTVisaIncMember_100" xlink:type="arc" order="102" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTRafaelHoldingsIncMember_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTRafaelHoldingsIncMember_20" xlink:type="arc" order="22" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="4" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTOtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:to="loc_IDTOtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_40" xlink:type="arc" order="41" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MutualFundMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMutualFundMember_60" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMutualFundMember_60" xlink:type="arc" order="61" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapConvertiblePreferredStockMember_140" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapConvertiblePreferredStockMember_140" xlink:type="arc" order="141" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapHedgeFundsMember_160" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapHedgeFundsMember_160" xlink:type="arc" order="161" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherInvestmentsMember_180" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherInvestmentsMember_180" xlink:type="arc" order="181" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNi_210" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNi_210" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLongTermInvestments_210" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLongTermInvestments_210" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical" xlink:title="995672 - Disclosure - Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) (Parenthetical)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ZedgeIncMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTZedgeIncMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTZedgeIncMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTRafaelHoldingsIncMember_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTRafaelHoldingsIncMember_20" xlink:type="arc" order="22" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" xlink:label="loc_IDTNumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_50" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTNumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_50" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:title="995673 - Disclosure - Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:title="995674 - Disclosure - Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTRafaelClassBCommonStockMember_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTRafaelClassBCommonStockMember_20" xlink:type="arc" order="21" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_40" xlink:type="arc" order="41" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_70" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" xlink:label="loc_IDTEquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTEquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_70" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_70" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails" xlink:title="995675 - Disclosure - Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvesteeMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvesteeMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestments_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestments_70" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_70" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_70" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" xlink:label="loc_IDTAmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTAmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_70" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995676 - Disclosure - Equity Investments (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTVisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTVisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTVisaClassACommonStockMember_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTVisaClassACommonStockMember_30" xlink:type="arc" order="32" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockMember_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockMember_90" xlink:type="arc" order="92" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_srtScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_EquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtEquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_srtScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtEquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_EquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtEquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_srtScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtEquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTEquityMethodInvestmentMember_50" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtEquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTEquityMethodInvestmentMember_50" xlink:type="arc" order="51" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_110" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_110" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_110" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_110" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_110" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_110" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_110" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_110" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment_110" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment_110" xlink:type="arc" order="4" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_110" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_110" xlink:type="arc" order="5" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails" xlink:title="995677 - Disclosure - Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueInputsLevel1Member_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueInputsLevel1Member_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueInputsLevel2Member_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueInputsLevel2Member_10" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueInputsLevel3Member_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueInputsLevel3Member_20" xlink:type="arc" order="21" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_90" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" xlink:label="loc_IDTEquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTEquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_90" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" xlink:label="loc_IDTEquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTEquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_90" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_90" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapBusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapBusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_90" xlink:type="arc" order="4" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapBusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapBusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_90" xlink:type="arc" order="5" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_IDTContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_90" xlink:type="arc" order="6" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:title="995678 - Disclosure - Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:title="995679 - Disclosure - Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995680 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails" xlink:title="995681 - Disclosure - Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails" xlink:title="995682 - Disclosure - VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" xlink:to="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapVariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapVariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_30" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashCurrent_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashCurrent_30" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapReceivablesNetCurrent_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapReceivablesNetCurrent_30" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisbursementPrefunding_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTDisbursementPrefunding_30" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPrepaidExpenseCurrent_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPrepaidExpenseCurrent_30" xlink:type="arc" order="4" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsCurrent_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsCurrent_30" xlink:type="arc" order="5" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_30" xlink:type="arc" order="6" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIntangibleAssetsNet_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherIntangibleAssetsNet_30" xlink:type="arc" order="7" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssets_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAssets_30" xlink:type="arc" order="8" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountsPayableCurrent_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccountsPayableCurrent_30" xlink:type="arc" order="9" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_30" xlink:type="arc" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDepositLiabilityCurrent_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDepositLiabilityCurrent_30" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_30" xlink:type="arc" order="12" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_30" xlink:type="arc" order="13" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterest_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterest_30" xlink:type="arc" order="14" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_30" xlink:type="arc" order="15" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails" xlink:title="995683 - Disclosure - Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995684 - Disclosure - Revolving Credit Facility (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevolvingCreditFacilityMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TDBankMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTTDBankMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTTDBankMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:to="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTTelecomMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTIDTTelecomMember_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTIDTTelecomMember_30" xlink:type="arc" order="31" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_80" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_80" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCredit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCredit_80" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCredit_80" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_80" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_80" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_80" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_80" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityDescription_80" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityDescription_80" xlink:type="arc" order="4" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtInstrumentMaturityDate_80" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtInstrumentMaturityDate_80" xlink:type="arc" order="5" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_80" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_80" xlink:type="arc" order="6" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails" xlink:title="995685 - Disclosure - Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity&#8217;s Noncontrolling Interest (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" xlink:to="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest_30" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest_30" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995686 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" xlink:to="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" xlink:label="loc_IDTSaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTSaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_20" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_20" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_20" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995687 - Disclosure - Equity (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfStockByClassTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_CommonClassAandBMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTCommonClassAandBMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTCommonClassAandBMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTClassBCommonStockMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTClassBCommonStockMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember_70" xlink:type="arc" order="73" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:to="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EmployeesMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTEmployeesMember_50" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTEmployeesMember_50" xlink:type="arc" order="52" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_BillPereiraMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTBillPereiraMember_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTBillPereiraMember_70" xlink:type="arc" order="72" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTypeOfArrangementAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapTypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapTypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTAmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember_70" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" xlink:to="loc_IDTAmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember_70" xlink:type="arc" order="71" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_90" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsOfDividends_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsOfDividends_90" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:label="loc_srtStockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_srtStockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_90" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockSharesAcquired_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockSharesAcquired_90" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_90" xlink:type="arc" order="4" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_90" xlink:type="arc" order="5" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_90" xlink:type="arc" order="6" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_90" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_90" xlink:type="arc" order="7" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails" xlink:title="995688 - Disclosure - Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995689 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails" xlink:title="995690 - Disclosure - Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss) (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_10" xlink:type="arc" order="11" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_100" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_100" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_100" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_100" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995691 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyTable" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/all" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyTable" xlink:type="arc" order="10" xbrldt:closed="true" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/hypercube-dimension" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyTable" xlink:to="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-domain" xlink:from="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain_10" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/dimension-default" xbrldt:contextElement="segment" xlink:from="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain_10" xlink:type="arc" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTFederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_0" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTFederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_0" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_40" xlink:type="arc" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_40" xlink:type="arc" order="1" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PurchaseObligation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPurchaseObligation_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPurchaseObligation_40" xlink:type="arc" order="2" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_IDTPerformanceBondsOutstanding_40" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTPerformanceBondsOutstanding_40" xlink:type="arc" order="3" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails" xlink:title="995692 - Disclosure - Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net (Details)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995693 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details Narrative)" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/eedm/ExtensibleEnumerationLists">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" />
      <link:definitionArc xlink:arcrole="http://xbrl.org/int/dim/arcrole/domain-member" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1000" />
    </link:definitionLink>
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpExecutiveCategoriesOnly" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpAdjustmentsOnly" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/IndividualsOnly" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/AwardTypeOnly" />
    <link:definitionLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/TradingArrangementsOnly" />
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>9
<FILENAME>idt-20241031_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL LABEL FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.24c -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodEndLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodEndLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedPeriodStartLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedPeriodStartLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTotalLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTotalLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedNetLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedNetLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd#negatedTerseLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" />
    <link:roleRef xlink:type="simple" xlink:href="http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/net-2009-12-16.xsd#netLabel" roleURI="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/netLabel" />
    <link:labelLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Stock [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassAMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common Class A [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common Class B [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Income Location, Balance [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" xlink:label="IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" xlink:to="IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Technology and Development Expense [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Components [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock, Common [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Retained Earnings [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_OwnershipAxis" xlink:label="srt_OwnershipAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_OwnershipAxis" xlink:to="srt_OwnershipAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_OwnershipAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ownership [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">net2phone 2.0, Inc. [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:to="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">National Retail Solutions [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RestatementAxis" xlink:label="srt_RestatementAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_RestatementAxis" xlink:to="srt_RestatementAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_RestatementAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revision of Prior Period [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember" xlink:label="srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember" xlink:to="srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Previously Reported [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember" xlink:label="IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember" xlink:to="IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Segments [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FintechMember" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FintechMember" xlink:to="IDT_FintechMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fintech [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:label="IDT_Net2phoneMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:to="IDT_Net2phoneMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_Net2phoneMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net2 phone [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CorporateMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate Segment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" xlink:to="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BOSS Revolution Money Transfer [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_OtherMember" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OtherMember" xlink:to="IDT_OtherMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember" xlink:label="IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Digital Payments [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember" xlink:to="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">BOSS Revolution [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTGlobalMember" xlink:label="IDT_IDTGlobalMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTGlobalMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTGlobalMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTGlobalMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Global [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:label="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:to="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_StatementGeographicalAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Geographical [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2024/country-2024.xsd#country_US" xlink:label="country_US" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="country_US" xlink:to="country_US_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="country_US_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">UNITED STATES</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2024/country-2024.xsd#country_GB" xlink:label="country_GB" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="country_GB" xlink:to="country_GB_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="country_GB_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">UNITED KINGDOM</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_OthersMember" xlink:label="IDT_OthersMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OthersMember" xlink:to="IDT_OthersMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_OthersMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Others [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NonUsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonUsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonUsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonUsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonUsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-US [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RangeAxis" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_RangeAxis" xlink:to="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_RangeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statistical Measurement [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_MinimumMember" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_MinimumMember" xlink:to="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_MinimumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_MaximumMember" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_MaximumMember" xlink:to="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_MaximumMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Financial Instrument [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember" xlink:label="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Financial Services Gibraltar [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember" xlink:label="IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember" xlink:to="IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Disbursement Payments VIE [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Financial Instrument, Other [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Security Category [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">US Government-sponsored Enterprises Debt Securities [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate Bond Securities [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember" xlink:label="IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember" xlink:to="IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Government Sponsored Enterprise Notes [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="dei_LegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="dei_LegalEntityAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LegalEntityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Legal Entity [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ZedgeIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ZedgeIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_ZedgeIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Zedge Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Related and Nonrelated Parties [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rafael Holdings Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investment Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" xlink:to="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Marketable Equity Securities [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MutualFundMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_MutualFundMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MutualFundMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_MutualFundMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MutualFundMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Mutual Fund [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_VisaIncMember" xlink:label="IDT_VisaIncMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaIncMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VisaIncMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Series A Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Hedge Funds [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Investments [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Class A Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" xlink:label="srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" xlink:to="srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investment, Name [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" xlink:label="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" xlink:to="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rafael Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Zedge Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investee [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Measurement Frequency [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" xlink:to="srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Consolidated Entities [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Credit Facility [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revolving Credit Facility [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lender Name [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TDBankMember" xlink:label="IDT_TDBankMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TDBankMember" xlink:to="IDT_TDBankMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TDBankMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">TD Bank [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTTelecomMember" xlink:label="IDT_IDTTelecomMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTTelecomMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTTelecomMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_IDTTelecomMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Telecom [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_CommonClassAandBMember" xlink:label="IDT_CommonClassAandBMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CommonClassAandBMember" xlink:to="IDT_CommonClassAandBMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_CommonClassAandBMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class A and Class B Common Stock[Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:label="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:to="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title and Position [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EmployeesMember" xlink:label="IDT_EmployeesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EmployeesMember" xlink:to="IDT_EmployeesMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_EmployeesMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Employees [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember" xlink:label="IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember" xlink:to="IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amended and Restated Employment Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_BillPereiraMember" xlink:label="IDT_BillPereiraMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BillPereiraMember" xlink:to="IDT_BillPereiraMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_BillPereiraMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Bill Pereira [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">AOCI, Accumulated Gain (Loss), Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Parent [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Foreign Currency Adjustment Attributable to Parent [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" xlink:label="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" xlink:to="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Federal Telecommunications Relay Services Fund [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentType" xlink:to="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:to="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AmendmentDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:to="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Registration Statement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAnnualReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Annual Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Quarterly Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentTransitionReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Report</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Shell Company Event Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period Start Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:to="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Period Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:to="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Fiscal Year Focus</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:to="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current Fiscal Year End Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFileNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity File Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:to="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityRegistrantName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Registrant Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:to="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Primary SIC Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:to="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Tax Identification Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Two</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line Three</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, State or Province</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressCountry_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:to="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CountryRegion" xlink:to="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="dei_Extension" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Extension" xlink:to="dei_Extension_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:to="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:to="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:to="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:to="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityFilerCategory_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntitySmallBusiness_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:to="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:to="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentAccountingStandard_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Accounting Standard</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:to="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Reporting Standard Item Number</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:to="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityShellCompany_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Shell Company</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:to="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityPublicFloat_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Public Float</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:to="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Bankruptcy Proceedings, Reporting Current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:to="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityListingParValuePerShare" xlink:label="dei_EntityListingParValuePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityListingParValuePerShare" xlink:to="dei_EntityListingParValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityListingParValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Listing, Par Value Per Share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current assets:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $6,634 at October 31, 2024 and $6,352 at July 31, 2024</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SettlementAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_SettlementAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SettlementAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_SettlementAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SettlementAssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Settlement assets, net of reserve of $1,903 at October 31, 2024 and $1,866 at July 31, 2024</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" xlink:label="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" xlink:to="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Disbursement prefunding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Prepaid expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Property, plant, and equipment, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:label="us-gaap_Goodwill" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:to="us-gaap_Goodwill_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Goodwill_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other intangibles, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease right-of-use assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred income tax assets, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest, and equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current liabilities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts payable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer funds deposits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Settlement liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and contingencies</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Redeemable noncontrolling interest</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized shares&#8212;10,000; no shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class B common stock, $.01 par value; authorized shares&#8212;200,000; 28,229 and 28,177 shares issued and 23,674 and 23,684 shares outstanding at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, respectively</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, at cost, consisting of 1,698 and 1,698 shares of Class A common stock and 4,555 and 4,493 shares of Class B common stock at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, respectively</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Retained earnings</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest, and equity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable current</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve" xlink:label="IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve" xlink:to="IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Settlement assets, net of reserve</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, par value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Preferred stock, shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, par value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares authorized</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares issued</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:to="us-gaap_Revenues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Revenues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenues</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CostOfRevenue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CostOfRevenue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Direct cost of revenues</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:label="us-gaap_GrossProfit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:to="us-gaap_GrossProfit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_GrossProfit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gross profit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating expenses (gain):</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, general and administrative</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Technology and development</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:to="us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Severance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other operating gain, net (see Note 10)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total operating expenses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income from operations</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Interest income, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other expense, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income before income taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Provision for income taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income attributable to IDT Corporation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted-average number of shares used in calculation of earnings per share:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProfitLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive income (loss):</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Change in unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency translation adjustments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive (loss) income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive income attributable to IDT Corporation</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock" xlink:label="us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Dividends declared ($0.05 per share)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" xlink:to="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" xlink:to="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued to an executive officer for bonus payment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock-based compensation</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive income(loss)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" xlink:label="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" xlink:to="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise of stock options</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Dividends declared per share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation and amortization</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" xlink:to="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred income taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Provision for credit losses, doubtful accounts receivable, and reserve for settlement assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Changes in assets and liabilities:</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts receivable</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Settlement assets, disbursement prefunding, prepaid expenses, other current assets, and other assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, settlement liabilities, other current liabilities, and other liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer funds deposits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by operating activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital expenditures</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of convertible preferred stock in equity method investment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchases of debt securities and equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemption of equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Financing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Dividends paid</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from borrowings under revolving credit facility</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayment of borrowings under revolving credit facility</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from exercise of stock options</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repurchases of Class B common stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash used in financing activities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental Schedule of Non-Cash Financing Activities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock issued to an executive officer for bonus payment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PvpTable" xlink:label="ecd_PvpTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_PvpTable" xlink:to="ecd_PvpTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_PvpTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis" xlink:label="ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis" xlink:to="ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Executive Category [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_IndividualAxis" xlink:label="ecd_IndividualAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_IndividualAxis" xlink:to="ecd_IndividualAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_IndividualAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Individual [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AdjToCompAxis" xlink:label="ecd_AdjToCompAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AdjToCompAxis" xlink:to="ecd_AdjToCompAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AdjToCompAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment to Compensation [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_MeasureAxis" xlink:label="ecd_MeasureAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_MeasureAxis" xlink:to="ecd_MeasureAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_MeasureAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Measure [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_PvpTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_PvpTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pay vs Performance Disclosure, Table</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:label="ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:to="ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Company Selected Measure Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Named Executive Officers, Footnote</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Peer Group Issuers, Footnote</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Changed Peer Group, Footnote</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt" xlink:label="ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt" xlink:to="ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">PEO Total Compensation Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt" xlink:label="ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt" xlink:to="ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment To PEO Compensation, Footnote</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt" xlink:label="ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt" xlink:to="ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-PEO NEO Average Total Compensation Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:label="ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:to="ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-PEO NEO Average Compensation Actually Paid Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment to Non-PEO NEO Compensation Footnote</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Valuation Assumption Difference, Footnote</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Total Shareholder Return</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Net Income</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Company Selected Measure</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Shareholder Return Vs Peer Group</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Actually Paid vs. Other Measure</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular List, Table</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:label="ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:to="ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total Shareholder Return Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:label="ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:to="ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Peer Group Total Shareholder Return Amount</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:label="ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:to="ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Company Selected Measure Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:label="ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:to="ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Performance Measure, Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AdjToCompAmt" xlink:label="ecd_AdjToCompAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AdjToCompAmt" xlink:to="ecd_AdjToCompAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AdjToCompAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment to Compensation, Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PeoName" xlink:label="ecd_PeoName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_PeoName" xlink:to="ecd_PeoName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_PeoName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">PEO Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_MeasureName" xlink:label="ecd_MeasureName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_MeasureName" xlink:to="ecd_MeasureName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_MeasureName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-GAAP Measure Description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Additional 402(v) Disclosure</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PnsnBnftsAdjFnTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_PnsnBnftsAdjFnTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_PnsnBnftsAdjFnTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_PnsnBnftsAdjFnTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_PnsnBnftsAdjFnTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pension Benefits Adjustments, Footnote</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable" xlink:label="ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable" xlink:to="ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Erroneously Awarded Compensation Recovery [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_RestatementDateAxis" xlink:label="ecd_RestatementDateAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_RestatementDateAxis" xlink:to="ecd_RestatementDateAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_RestatementDateAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement Determination Date [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:label="ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:to="ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement Determination Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AggtErrCompAmt" xlink:label="ecd_AggtErrCompAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AggtErrCompAmt" xlink:to="ecd_AggtErrCompAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AggtErrCompAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Erroneous Compensation Analysis</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Price or TSR Estimation Method</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:label="ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:to="ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Not Yet Determined</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName" xlink:label="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName" xlink:to="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:label="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:to="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery due to Expense of Enforcement, Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" xlink:label="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" xlink:to="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery due to Violation of Home Country Law, Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" xlink:label="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" xlink:to="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery due to Disqualification of Tax Benefits, Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery, Explanation of Impracticability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:label="ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:to="ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:label="ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:to="ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Compensation Amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restatement does not require Recovery</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable" xlink:label="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable" xlink:to="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Awards Close in Time to MNPI Disclosures [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:label="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Award Type [Axis]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing MNPI Disclosure</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing Method</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:label="ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:to="ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing Predetermined</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" xlink:label="ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" xlink:to="ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing MNPI Considered</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Award Timing, How MNPI Considered</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag" xlink:label="ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag" xlink:to="ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">MNPI Disclosure Timed for Compensation Value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTableTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTableTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Awards Close in Time to MNPI Disclosures, Table</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:label="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:to="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt" xlink:label="ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt" xlink:to="ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Underlying Securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardExrcPrice" xlink:label="ecd_AwardExrcPrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AwardExrcPrice" xlink:to="ecd_AwardExrcPrice_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AwardExrcPrice_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Exercise Price</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value as of Grant Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct" xlink:label="ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct" xlink:to="ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Underlying Security Market Price Change</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:label="ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Insider Trading Arrangements [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Material Terms of Trading Arrangement</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:label="ecd_TrdArrIndName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:to="ecd_TrdArrIndName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="ecd_TrdArrIndName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TrdArrIndTitle" xlink:label="ecd_TrdArrIndTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_TrdArrIndTitle" xlink:to="ecd_TrdArrIndTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_TrdArrIndTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:label="ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:to="ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:label="ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:to="ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:label="ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:to="ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adoption Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:label="ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:to="ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:label="ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:to="ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate" xlink:label="ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate" xlink:to="ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Termination Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TrdArrExpirationDate" xlink:label="ecd_TrdArrExpirationDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_TrdArrExpirationDate" xlink:to="ecd_TrdArrExpirationDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_TrdArrExpirationDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Expiration Date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TrdArrDuration" xlink:label="ecd_TrdArrDuration" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_TrdArrDuration" xlink:to="ecd_TrdArrDuration_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_TrdArrDuration_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Arrangement Duration</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag" xlink:label="IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag" xlink:to="IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No insider trading flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" xlink:label="ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" xlink:to="ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag" xlink:label="ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag" xlink:to="ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock" xlink:label="ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock" xlink:to="ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Not Adopted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounting Policies [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basis of Presentation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Segment Information</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue Recognition</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:label="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Leases</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Leases</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Measurements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Variable Interest Entity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Operating Gain, Net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revolving Credit Facility</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityAbstract_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityAbstract_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings Per Share [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings Per Share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and Contingencies</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Expense, Net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Taxes</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription" xlink:label="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription" xlink:to="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Reclassifications</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company&#8217;s Operating Leases</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Equity Investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock" xlink:label="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock" xlink:to="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock" xlink:label="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock" xlink:to="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity&#8217;s Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss)</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Nature of Operation, Product Information, Concentration of Risk [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Product Information [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, general and administrative expense</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ownership percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" xlink:label="IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" xlink:to="IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Customer funds deposits</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income (loss) from operations</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Depreciation and amortization</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments" xlink:label="us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments" xlink:to="us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of reportable segments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Disaggregation of Revenue [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" xlink:to="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Remaining Performance Obligations, Years</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:to="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221;</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other assets&#8221;</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule Of Supplemental Disclosures Related To Companys Operating Leases</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Short-term lease cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCost" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:to="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LeaseCost_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total lease cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:label="IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule Of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liabilities included in &#8220;Other current liabilities&#8221;</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2025</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2026</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2027</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2028</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">2029</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Thereafter</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total lease payments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Less imputed interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total operating lease liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, operating lease, term of contract</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total restricted cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Within one year</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">After one year through five years</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">After five years through ten years</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">After ten years</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Unrealized Losses</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Current equity investments</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LongTermInvestments_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncurrent equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" xlink:label="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" xlink:to="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Number of related party shares received</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, beginning of period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" xlink:label="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" xlink:to="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Upward adjustment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Impairments</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, end of the period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" xlink:label="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" xlink:to="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Plus: net loss recognized during the period on equity investment sold during the period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity securities unrealized gain loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Defined Benefit Plan [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, beginning of period</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity in the net loss of investee</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" xlink:label="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" xlink:to="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of equity method basis difference</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, end of period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Owned shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Ownership percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity method investment, aggregate cost</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity method investment, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Recurring and Nonrecurring [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt securities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" xlink:to="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments included in current assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" xlink:to="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" xlink:label="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" xlink:to="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, beginning of period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total gain (loss) included in &#8220;Other expense, net&#8221;</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Asset, Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, end of period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, beginning of period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">&#8220;Foreign currency translation adjustment&#8221;</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Liability, Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Liability, Gain (Loss), Statement of Other Comprehensive Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Balance, end of period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds" xlink:label="IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds" xlink:to="IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investment in hedge funds</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Contingent consideration payment</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" xlink:to="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income of the VIE</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" xlink:to="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate funding provided by the Company, net</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Consolidation, Less-than-Wholly-Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effect of Change [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and equivalents</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trade accounts receivable, net</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Assets_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Due to the Company</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated other comprehensive income</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LegalFees" xlink:label="us-gaap_LegalFees" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LegalFees" xlink:to="us-gaap_LegalFees_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_LegalFees_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" xlink:label="us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" xlink:to="us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_CorporateOther" xlink:label="IDT_CorporateOther" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CorporateOther" xlink:to="IDT_CorporateOther_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:label="IDT_CorporateOther_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate&#8212;other</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit Facility [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCredit" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCredit" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCredit_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding line of credit</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Proceeds from lines of credit</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:to="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repayments of lines of credit</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Credit facility, description</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate" xlink:to="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt instrument maturity date</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" xlink:to="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Revolving credit, unused portion amount</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net income of NRS attributable to the mezzanine equity&#8217;s noncontrolling interest</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" xlink:label="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" xlink:to="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capital stock outstanding percentage</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" xlink:to="us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock, Class of Stock [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class of Stock [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" xlink:to="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash dividend per share</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments of Dividends</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:label="srt_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="srt_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:to="srt_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="srt_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Repurchase of shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Class B common stock shares repurchased</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Remained available repurchase, shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of shares, value</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Basic weighted-average number of shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Stock options</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Non-vested restricted Class B common stock</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Diluted weighted-average number of shares</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Product Liability Contingency [Table]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:to="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" xlink:to="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Final decision imposed</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued liabilities</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PurchaseObligation" xlink:label="us-gaap_PurchaseObligation" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PurchaseObligation" xlink:to="us-gaap_PurchaseObligation_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PurchaseObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase obligation</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" xlink:label="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" xlink:to="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Performance bonds outstanding</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" xlink:to="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity in net loss of investee</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gains (losses) on investments</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIncome" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIncome" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherIncome" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherIncome_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherIncome_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:label="us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Total</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" xlink:to="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Effective tax rate</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag" xlink:to="IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag_doc" xml:lang="en-US">No insider trading flag.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" xlink:to="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_DisbursementPrefunding_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disbursement prefunding.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve" xlink:to="IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Settlement assets, net of reserve.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:to="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">National Retail Solutions [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FintechMember" xlink:to="IDT_FintechMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_FintechMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fintech [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:to="IDT_Net2phoneMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_Net2phoneMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net2 phone [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" xlink:to="IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Technology and Development Expense [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OthersMember" xlink:to="IDT_OthersMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_OthersMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Others [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" xlink:to="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, value, repurchases of common stock through repurchase program.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" xlink:to="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury stock, value, restricted common stock purchased from employees.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" xlink:to="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income Loss Including Portion Attributable To Redeemable Non Controlling Interest And Non Controlling Interest In Subsidiaries</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" xlink:label="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesLimitedMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Financial Services Limited [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember" xlink:label="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTPaymentServicesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Payment Services [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">net2phone 2.0, Inc. [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" xlink:to="IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember" xlink:to="IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Government Sponsored Enterprise Notes [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of unrealized loss on investment [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization Of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember" xlink:to="IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of supplemental disclosures related weighted average operating leases [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Operating Lease Liability [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular disclosure of equity investment [Table Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" xlink:to="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Number of related party shares received.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ZedgeIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_ZedgeIncMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Zedge Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Rafael Holdings Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Class A Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" xlink:to="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustment for observable transactions involving similar investment from same issuer.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" xlink:to="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Equity securities fvni recognized gain loss net on equity securities redeemed.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" xlink:to="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investment [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" xlink:to="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization of equity method basis difference.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" xlink:to="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments current asset.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" xlink:to="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Equity investments noncurrent assets.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" xlink:to="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Contingent consideration included in other liabilities.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds" xlink:to="IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Investment in hedge funds.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" xlink:to="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Variable interest entity net income losst amount</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" xlink:to="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Variable interest entity aggregate funding repaid to provided by reporting entity.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock" xlink:to="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Tabular disclosure of other operating (expenses) gains, net [Tabel Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CorporateOther" xlink:to="IDT_CorporateOther_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_CorporateOther_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate other.</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FintechgovernmentGrants" xlink:label="IDT_FintechgovernmentGrants" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FintechgovernmentGrants" xlink:to="IDT_FintechgovernmentGrants_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_FintechgovernmentGrants_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Fintech&#8212;government grants.</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCableTelephonyCustomerIndemnificationClaim" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCableTelephonyCustomerIndemnificationClaim" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCableTelephonyCustomerIndemnificationClaim" xlink:to="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCableTelephonyCustomerIndemnificationClaim_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsCableTelephonyCustomerIndemnificationClaim_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Traditional Communications&#8212;cable telephony customer indemnification claim.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_TDBankMember" xlink:to="IDT_TDBankMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_TDBankMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">TD Bank [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTTelecomMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTTelecomMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTTelecomMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Telecom [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" xlink:to="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Sale of stock percentage of subsidiary equity issued in transaction.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CommonClassAandBMember" xlink:to="IDT_CommonClassAandBMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_CommonClassAandBMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Class A And Class B Common Stock[Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_MrJonasAndMrFischerMember" xlink:label="IDT_MrJonasAndMrFischerMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_MrJonasAndMrFischerMember" xlink:to="IDT_MrJonasAndMrFischerMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_MrJonasAndMrFischerMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Mr Jonas And Mr Fischer [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NonQualifiedStockOptionMember" xlink:label="IDT_NonQualifiedStockOptionMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NonQualifiedStockOptionMember" xlink:to="IDT_NonQualifiedStockOptionMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NonQualifiedStockOptionMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Non Qualified Stock Option [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_MrFischerMember" xlink:label="IDT_MrFischerMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_MrFischerMember" xlink:to="IDT_MrFischerMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_MrFischerMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Mr Fischer [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember" xlink:label="IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember" xlink:to="IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_DeferredStockUnitsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Stock Units [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_BoardOfDirectorMember" xlink:label="IDT_BoardOfDirectorMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BoardOfDirectorMember" xlink:to="IDT_BoardOfDirectorMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BoardOfDirectorMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Board Of Director [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_EmployeesMember" xlink:to="IDT_EmployeesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_EmployeesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Employees [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember" xlink:to="IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Amended And Restated Employment Agreement [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BillPereiraMember" xlink:to="IDT_BillPereiraMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BillPereiraMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Bill Pereira [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" xlink:to="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Federal Telecommunications Relay Services Fund [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" xlink:to="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding_doc" xml:lang="en-US">In certain circumstances, the company is required to provide performance bonds in connection with its contractual commitments. Company has indemnified the surety for any expenses paid out under these performance bonds.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" xlink:to="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">BOSS Revolution Money Transfer [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OtherMember" xlink:to="IDT_OtherMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Other [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Digital Payments [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember" xlink:to="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">BOSS Revolution [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTGlobalMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTGlobalMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTGlobalMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Global [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" xlink:to="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Other Marketable Equity Securities [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_VisaIncMember" xlink:to="IDT_VisaIncMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_VisaIncMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Visa Inc [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Rafael Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Zedge Class B Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice" xlink:label="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice" xlink:to="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionExercisePrice_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Share based compensation arrangements by share based payment award option exercise price.</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Series A Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodGrantDateFairValue_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodGrantDateFairValue_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Sharebased compensation arrangement by sharebased payment award equity instruments other than options grants in period grant date fair value.</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_CashPaidForPurchaseOfSubsidiarySharesOfCommonStock" xlink:label="IDT_CashPaidForPurchaseOfSubsidiarySharesOfCommonStock" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CashPaidForPurchaseOfSubsidiarySharesOfCommonStock" xlink:to="IDT_CashPaidForPurchaseOfSubsidiarySharesOfCommonStock_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_CashPaidForPurchaseOfSubsidiarySharesOfCommonStock_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid for purchase of subsidiary shares of common stock.</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_MrJonasMember" xlink:label="IDT_MrJonasMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_MrJonasMember" xlink:to="IDT_MrJonasMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_MrJonasMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Mr.Jonas [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_PurchaseOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquity" xlink:label="IDT_PurchaseOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquity" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_PurchaseOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquity" xlink:to="IDT_PurchaseOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquity_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_PurchaseOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquity_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase of stock percentage of subsidiary equity.</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_QuarterlyDividendMember" xlink:label="IDT_QuarterlyDividendMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_QuarterlyDividendMember" xlink:to="IDT_QuarterlyDividendMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_QuarterlyDividendMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Quarterly Dividend [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_O2024Q1DividendsMember" xlink:label="IDT_O2024Q1DividendsMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_O2024Q1DividendsMember" xlink:to="IDT_O2024Q1DividendsMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_O2024Q1DividendsMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">O 2024 Q1 Dividends [Member]</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NRSClassACommonStockMember" xlink:label="IDT_NRSClassACommonStockMember" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NRSClassACommonStockMember" xlink:to="IDT_NRSClassACommonStockMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_NRSClassACommonStockMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">NRS Class A Common Stock [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember" xlink:to="IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">Disbursement Payments VIE [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember" xlink:to="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember_doc" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:label="IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember_doc" xml:lang="en-US">IDT Financial Services Gibraltar [Member]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Assets, Current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_Liabilities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock, Value</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity, Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:to="us-gaap_GrossProfit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_GrossProfit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Gross Profit</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Operating Income (Expense), Net</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:to="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OperatingExpenses_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Expenses</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Dividends, Common Stock</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">APIC, Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Increase for Cost Recognition</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" xlink:to="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" xlink:to="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Noncontrolling Interest, Decrease from Distributions to Noncontrolling Interest Holders</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:to="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Other Noncash Income (Expense)</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Receivable</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Prepaid Expense and Other Assets</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Other Current Liabilities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:to="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Contract with Customer, Liability</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Marketable Securities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Noncontrolling Interests</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" xlink:to="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Payments for Repurchase of Common Stock</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease), Including Exchange Rate Effect</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_4_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_4_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalents</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName" xlink:to="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Forgone Recovery, Individual Name</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:to="ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding Recovery, Individual Name</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:to="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Awards Close in Time to MNPI Disclosures, Individual Name</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:to="ecd_TrdArrIndName_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="ecd_TrdArrIndName_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Arrangement, Individual Name</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Leases [Text Block]</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet" xlink:to="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Capitalized Contract Cost, Net</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Undiscounted Excess Amount</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:to="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Amount</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investments</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:to="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:to="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Investments, Fair Value Disclosure</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Contingent Consideration, Liability, Current</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:to="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Business Combination, Contingent Consideration, Liability, Noncurrent</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" xlink:to="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="us-gaap_LegalFees" xlink:to="us-gaap_LegalFees_2_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="us-gaap_LegalFees_2_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Legal Fees</link:label>
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="IDT_CorporateOther" xlink:to="IDT_CorporateOther_3_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="IDT_CorporateOther_3_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">CorporateOther</link:label>
    </link:labelLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>10
<FILENAME>idt-20241031_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" standalone="no"?>
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Generator; Value: GoFiler Complete; Version: 5.24c -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
<link:linkbase xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase" xmlns:xbrli="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance" xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd">
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/Cover" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#Cover" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BalanceSheets" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfIncome" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfEquity" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquityParenthetical" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfEquityParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#StatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentation" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BasisOfPresentation" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformation" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BusinessSegmentInformation" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognition" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RevenueRecognition" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/Leases" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#Leases" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecurities" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#DebtSecurities" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestments" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EquityInvestments" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurements" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#FairValueMeasurements" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntity" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#VariableInterestEntity" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNet" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#OtherOperatingGainNet" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacility" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RevolvingCreditFacility" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/Equity" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#Equity" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShare" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EarningsPerShare" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNet" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#OtherExpenseNet" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxes" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IncomeTaxes" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationPolicies" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BasisOfPresentationPolicies" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BasisOfPresentationTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BusinessSegmentInformationTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RevenueRecognitionTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#LeasesTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#DebtSecuritiesTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EquityInvestmentsTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#FairValueMeasurementsTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntityTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#VariableInterestEntityTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNetTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#OtherOperatingGainNetTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EarningsPerShareTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNetTables" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#OtherExpenseNetTables" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#LeasesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EquityDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#PvpDisclosure" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ErrCompDisclosure" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#AwardTimingDisclosure" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#InsiderTradingArrangements" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:roleRef roleURI="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingPoliciesProc" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#InsiderTradingPoliciesProc" xlink:type="simple" />
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/Cover" xlink:title="00000001 - Document - Cover">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CoverAbstract" xlink:label="loc_deiCoverAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiCoverAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentType" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentType" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentType" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:label="loc_deiAmendmentFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiAmendmentFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AmendmentDescription" xlink:label="loc_deiAmendmentDescription" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiAmendmentDescription" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentRegistrationStatement" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentRegistrationStatement" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentAnnualReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentAnnualReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentAnnualReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentQuarterlyReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentQuarterlyReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentTransitionReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentTransitionReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyReport" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyReport" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyEventDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentShellCompanyEventDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentPeriodStartDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="90" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentPeriodStartDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentPeriodEndDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentFiscalPeriodFocus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentFiscalYearFocus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="120" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentFiscalYearFocus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:label="loc_deiCurrentFiscalYearEndDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="130" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiCurrentFiscalYearEndDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFileNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityFileNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="140" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityFileNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityRegistrantName" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityRegistrantName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="150" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityRegistrantName" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCentralIndexKey" />
      <link:presentationArc order="160" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityPrimarySicNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="170" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityPrimarySicNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityTaxIdentificationNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="180" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityTaxIdentificationNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="190" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityIncorporationStateCountryCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine1" />
      <link:presentationArc order="200" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine2" />
      <link:presentationArc order="210" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine2" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine3" />
      <link:presentationArc order="220" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressAddressLine3" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressCityOrTown" />
      <link:presentationArc order="230" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressStateOrProvince" />
      <link:presentationArc order="240" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressStateOrProvince" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressCountry" />
      <link:presentationArc order="250" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressCountry" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityAddressPostalZipCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="260" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityAddressPostalZipCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CountryRegion" xlink:label="loc_deiCountryRegion" />
      <link:presentationArc order="270" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiCountryRegion" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:label="loc_deiCityAreaCode" />
      <link:presentationArc order="280" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiCityAreaCode" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiLocalPhoneNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="290" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiLocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Extension" xlink:label="loc_deiExtension" />
      <link:presentationArc order="300" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiExtension" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:label="loc_deiWrittenCommunications" />
      <link:presentationArc order="310" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiWrittenCommunications" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:label="loc_deiSolicitingMaterial" />
      <link:presentationArc order="320" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiSolicitingMaterial" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:label="loc_deiPreCommencementTenderOffer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="330" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiPreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="loc_deiPreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="340" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiPreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurity12bTitle" />
      <link:presentationArc order="350" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurity12bTitle" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:label="loc_deiNoTradingSymbolFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="360" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiNoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="loc_deiTradingSymbol" />
      <link:presentationArc order="370" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiTradingSymbol" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="380" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurity12gTitle" />
      <link:presentationArc order="390" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurity12gTitle" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_SecurityReportingObligation" xlink:label="loc_deiSecurityReportingObligation" />
      <link:presentationArc order="400" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiSecurityReportingObligation" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AnnualInformationForm" xlink:label="loc_deiAnnualInformationForm" />
      <link:presentationArc order="410" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiAnnualInformationForm" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:label="loc_deiAuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" />
      <link:presentationArc order="420" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiAuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="430" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityVoluntaryFilers" />
      <link:presentationArc order="440" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
      <link:presentationArc order="450" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityInteractiveDataCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="460" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityInteractiveDataCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityFilerCategory" />
      <link:presentationArc order="470" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityFilerCategory" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:label="loc_deiEntitySmallBusiness" />
      <link:presentationArc order="480" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntitySmallBusiness" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityEmergingGrowthCompany" />
      <link:presentationArc order="490" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityExTransitionPeriod" />
      <link:presentationArc order="500" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityExTransitionPeriod" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentAccountingStandard" />
      <link:presentationArc order="510" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentAccountingStandard" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:label="loc_deiOtherReportingStandardItemNumber" />
      <link:presentationArc order="520" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiOtherReportingStandardItemNumber" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityShellCompany" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityShellCompany" />
      <link:presentationArc order="530" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityShellCompany" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityPublicFloat" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityPublicFloat" />
      <link:presentationArc order="540" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityPublicFloat" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="550" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:presentationArc order="560" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="570" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiDocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityListingParValuePerShare" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityListingParValuePerShare" />
      <link:presentationArc order="580" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityListingParValuePerShare" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets" xlink:title="00000002 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNi" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapReceivablesNetCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SettlementAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSettlementAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSettlementAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisbursementPrefunding" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_IDTDisbursementPrefunding" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPrepaidExpenseCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="90" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" />
      <link:presentationArc order="120" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapGoodwill" />
      <link:presentationArc order="130" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapGoodwill" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIntangibleAssetsNet" />
      <link:presentationArc order="140" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLongTermInvestments" />
      <link:presentationArc order="150" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLongTermInvestments" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" />
      <link:presentationArc order="160" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" />
      <link:presentationArc order="170" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsNoncurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="180" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssets" />
      <link:presentationArc order="190" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAssetsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="200" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="210" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountsPayableCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="220" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="230" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="240" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDepositLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="250" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="260" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="270" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="280" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="290" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="300" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="310" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilities" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommitmentsAndContingencies" />
      <link:presentationArc order="320" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" />
      <link:presentationArc order="330" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="340" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="350" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="360" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockValue" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="370" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockValue" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAdditionalPaidInCapital" />
      <link:presentationArc order="380" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="390" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockValue" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:presentationArc order="400" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" />
      <link:presentationArc order="410" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" />
      <link:presentationArc order="420" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquity" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterest" />
      <link:presentationArc order="430" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterest" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:presentationArc order="440" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
      <link:presentationArc order="450" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical" xlink:title="00000003 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve" xlink:label="loc_IDTSettlementAssetsReserve" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTSettlementAssetsReserve" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockSharesIssued" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockSharesIssued" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockSharesAuthorized" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockSharesIssued" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockCommonShares" />
      <link:presentationArc order="90" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockCommonShares" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome" xlink:title="00000004 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenues" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenues" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCostOfRevenue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCostOfRevenue" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_GrossProfit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapGrossProfit" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapGrossProfit" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpensesAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapResearchAndDevelopmentExpense" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSeveranceCosts1" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSeveranceCosts1" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingExpenses" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpenses" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingExpenses" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="90" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInterestIncomeExpenseNet" />
      <link:presentationArc order="100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInterestIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNonoperatingIncomeExpense" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:presentationArc order="120" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" />
      <link:presentationArc order="130" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="140" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:presentationArc order="150" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="160" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="170" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareBasic" />
      <link:presentationArc order="180" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareDiluted" />
      <link:presentationArc order="190" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareDiluted" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="200" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" />
      <link:presentationArc order="210" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:presentationArc order="220" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical" xlink:title="00000005 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTTechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementLocationDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTTechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapShareBasedCompensation" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome" xlink:title="00000006 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity" xlink:title="00000007 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAdditionalPaidInCapitalMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockCommonMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockCommonMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRetainedEarningsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRetainedEarningsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNoncontrollingInterestMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNoncontrollingInterestMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassAMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassAMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDividendsCommonStock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDividendsCommonStock" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" xlink:label="loc_IDTTreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTTreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" xlink:label="loc_IDTTreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTTreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" xlink:label="loc_IDTNetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTNetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest_2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:presentationArc order="90" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" />
      <link:presentationArc order="100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquityParenthetical" xlink:title="00000008 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeStatementAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows" xlink:title="00000009 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProfitLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProfitLoss" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDepreciationAndAmortization" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapShareBasedCompensation" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapShareBasedCompensation" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherNoncashIncomeExpense" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" />
      <link:presentationArc order="90" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" />
      <link:presentationArc order="100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="120" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" />
      <link:presentationArc order="130" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="140" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="150" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" />
      <link:presentationArc order="160" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:presentationArc order="170" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="180" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="190" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="200" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="210" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsOfDividends" />
      <link:presentationArc order="220" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsOfDividends" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToMinorityShareholders" />
      <link:presentationArc order="230" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToMinorityShareholders" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" />
      <link:presentationArc order="240" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" />
      <link:presentationArc order="250" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" />
      <link:presentationArc order="260" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="270" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="280" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" />
      <link:presentationArc order="290" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" />
      <link:presentationArc order="300" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" />
      <link:presentationArc order="310" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_2" />
      <link:presentationArc order="320" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="330" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" />
      <link:presentationArc order="340" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure" xlink:title="995410 - Disclosure - Pay vs Performance Disclosure">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems" xlink:label="loc_ecdPayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PvpTable" xlink:label="loc_ecdPvpTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdPayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdPvpTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis" xlink:label="loc_ecdExecutiveCategoryAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdPvpTable" xlink:to="loc_ecdExecutiveCategoryAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember" xlink:label="loc_ecdAllExecutiveCategoriesMember" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdExecutiveCategoryAxis" xlink:to="loc_ecdAllExecutiveCategoriesMember" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_IndividualAxis" xlink:label="loc_ecdIndividualAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdPvpTable" xlink:to="loc_ecdIndividualAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AllIndividualsMember" xlink:label="loc_ecdAllIndividualsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdIndividualAxis" xlink:to="loc_ecdAllIndividualsMember" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AdjToCompAxis" xlink:label="loc_ecdAdjToCompAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdPvpTable" xlink:to="loc_ecdAdjToCompAxis" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AllAdjToCompMember" xlink:label="loc_ecdAllAdjToCompMember" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAdjToCompAxis" xlink:to="loc_ecdAllAdjToCompMember" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_MeasureAxis" xlink:label="loc_ecdMeasureAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdPvpTable" xlink:to="loc_ecdMeasureAxis" order="40" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PvpTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdPvpTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2000" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdPayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdPvpTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:label="loc_ecdCoSelectedMeasureName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2010" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdPvpTableTextBlock" xlink:to="loc_ecdCoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdNamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2020" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdCoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:to="loc_ecdNamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdPeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2030" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdCoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:to="loc_ecdPeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2040" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdCoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:to="loc_ecdChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdPeoTotalCompAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2050" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdCoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:to="loc_ecdPeoTotalCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdPeoActuallyPaidCompAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2060" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdCoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:to="loc_ecdPeoActuallyPaidCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdAdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2070" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdCoSelectedMeasureName" xlink:to="loc_ecdAdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2080" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdPvpTableTextBlock" xlink:to="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2090" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdPvpTableTextBlock" xlink:to="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdAdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdAdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdEquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdEquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdCompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2120" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdCompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdCompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2130" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdCompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdCompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2140" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdCompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdTotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2150" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdTotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdCompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2160" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdCompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdTabularListTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2170" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdTabularListTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdTotalShareholderRtnAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2180" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdTotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdPeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2190" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdNonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdPeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2200" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdPvpTableTextBlock" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdCoSelectedMeasureAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2210" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_ecdCoSelectedMeasureAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdOtherPerfMeasureAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2220" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_ecdOtherPerfMeasureAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AdjToCompAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdAdjToCompAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2230" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_ecdAdjToCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PeoName" xlink:label="loc_ecdPeoName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2240" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLoss" xlink:to="loc_ecdPeoName" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_MeasureName" xlink:label="loc_ecdMeasureName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2250" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdPayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdMeasureName" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdNonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2260" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdMeasureName" xlink:to="loc_ecdNonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdAdditional402vDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2270" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdPayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdAdditional402vDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_PnsnBnftsAdjFnTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdPnsnBnftsAdjFnTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2280" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdPayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdPnsnBnftsAdjFnTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure" xlink:title="995440 - Disclosure - Recovery of Erroneously Awarded Compensation">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems" xlink:label="loc_ecdRecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable" xlink:label="loc_ecdErrCompRecoveryTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdRecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdErrCompRecoveryTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_RestatementDateAxis" xlink:label="loc_ecdRestatementDateAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdErrCompRecoveryTable" xlink:to="loc_ecdRestatementDateAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_IndividualAxis" xlink:label="loc_ecdIndividualAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdErrCompRecoveryTable" xlink:to="loc_ecdIndividualAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AllIndividualsMember" xlink:label="loc_ecdAllIndividualsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdIndividualAxis" xlink:to="loc_ecdAllIndividualsMember" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:label="loc_ecdRestatementDeterminationDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2000" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdRecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdRestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AggtErrCompAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdAggtErrCompAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2010" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdRestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:to="loc_ecdAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdErrCompAnalysisTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2020" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdErrCompAnalysisTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdStkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2030" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdStkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdOutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2040" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdOutstandingAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdAggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2050" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdAggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName" xlink:label="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryIndName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2060" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryIndName" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2070" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAggtErrCompAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2080" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdRestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:to="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2090" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdRestatementDeterminationDate" xlink:to="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:label="loc_ecdOutstandingRecoveryIndName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdOutstandingRecoveryIndName" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdOutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2120" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdOutstandingRecoveryCompAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdRestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2130" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt" xlink:to="loc_ecdRestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure" xlink:title="995443 - Disclosure - Award Timing Disclosure">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:label="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable" xlink:label="loc_ecdAwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdAwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_IndividualAxis" xlink:label="loc_ecdIndividualAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable" xlink:to="loc_ecdIndividualAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AllIndividualsMember" xlink:label="loc_ecdAllIndividualsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdIndividualAxis" xlink:to="loc_ecdAllIndividualsMember" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAwardTypeAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAwardTypeAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAwardTypeAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdAwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2000" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdAwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdAwardTmgMethodTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2010" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdAwardTmgMethodTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:label="loc_ecdAwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2020" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdAwardTmgPredtrmndFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" xlink:label="loc_ecdAwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2030" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdAwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdAwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2040" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdAwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag" xlink:label="loc_ecdMnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2050" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdMnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdAwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2060" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdAwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:label="loc_ecdAwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2070" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdAwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt" xlink:label="loc_ecdAwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2080" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdAwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardExrcPrice" xlink:label="loc_ecdAwardExrcPrice" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2090" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdAwardExrcPrice" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:label="loc_ecdAwardGrantDateFairValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdAwardGrantDateFairValue" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct" xlink:label="loc_ecdUndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct" />
      <link:presentationArc order="2110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdAwardTmgDiscLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdUndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements" xlink:title="995445 - Disclosure - Insider Trading Arrangements">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:label="loc_ecdInsiderTradingArrLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdMtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdMtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TrdArrIndName" xlink:label="loc_ecdTrdArrIndName" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdTrdArrIndName" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TrdArrIndTitle" xlink:label="loc_ecdTrdArrIndTitle" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdTrdArrIndTitle" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:label="loc_ecdRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:label="loc_ecdNonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdNonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:label="loc_ecdTrdArrAdoptionDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdTrdArrAdoptionDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:label="loc_ecdRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:label="loc_ecdNonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdNonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate" xlink:label="loc_ecdTrdArrTerminationDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdTrdArrTerminationDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TrdArrExpirationDate" xlink:label="loc_ecdTrdArrExpirationDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="90" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdTrdArrExpirationDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_TrdArrDuration" xlink:label="loc_ecdTrdArrDuration" />
      <link:presentationArc order="100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdTrdArrDuration" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag" xlink:label="loc_IDTNoInsiderTradingFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingArrLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTNoInsiderTradingFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingPoliciesProc" xlink:title="995447 - Disclosure - Insider Trading Policies and Procedures">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" xlink:label="loc_ecdInsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag" xlink:label="loc_ecdInsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdInsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd#ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_ecdInsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_ecdInsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems" xlink:to="loc_ecdInsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentation" xlink:title="995615 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountingPoliciesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapBasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapBasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformation" xlink:title="995616 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognition" xlink:title="995617 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/Leases" xlink:title="995618 - Disclosure - Leases">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:title="995619 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecurities" xlink:title="995620 - Disclosure - Debt Securities">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestments" xlink:title="995621 - Disclosure - Equity Investments">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurements" xlink:title="995622 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntity" xlink:title="995623 - Disclosure - Variable Interest Entity">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapVariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapVariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNet" xlink:title="995624 - Disclosure - Other Operating Gain, Net">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacility" xlink:title="995625 - Disclosure - Revolving Credit Facility">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtDisclosureAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:title="995626 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNoncontrollingInterestAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNoncontrollingInterestAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/Equity" xlink:title="995627 - Disclosure - Equity">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShare" xlink:title="995628 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss" xlink:title="995629 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:title="995630 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNet" xlink:title="995631 - Disclosure - Other Expense, Net">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxes" xlink:title="995632 - Disclosure - Income Taxes">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted" xlink:title="995633 - Disclosure - Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationPolicies" xlink:title="995634 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Policies)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountingPoliciesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationTables" xlink:title="995635 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountingPoliciesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationTables" xlink:title="995636 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables" xlink:title="995637 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_IDTAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_IDTAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables" xlink:title="995638 - Disclosure - Leases (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLeaseCostTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLeaseCostTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_IDTScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_IDTScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_IDTScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_IDTScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables" xlink:title="995639 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables" xlink:title="995640 - Disclosure - Debt Securities (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMarketableSecuritiesTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMarketableSecuritiesTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_IDTScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_IDTScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables" xlink:title="995641 - Disclosure - Equity Investments (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_IDTScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_IDTScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapUnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapUnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables" xlink:title="995642 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntityTables" xlink:title="995643 - Disclosure - Variable Interest Entity (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_srtScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_srtScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_srtScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_srtScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNetTables" xlink:title="995644 - Disclosure - Other Operating Gain, Net (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_IDTScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_IDTScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables" xlink:title="995645 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNoncontrollingInterestAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNoncontrollingInterestAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareTables" xlink:title="995646 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables" xlink:title="995647 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNetTables" xlink:title="995648 - Disclosure - Other Expense, Net (Tables)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails" xlink:title="995649 - Disclosure - Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountingPoliciesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfProductInformationTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfProductInformationTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProductInformationLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfProductInformationTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProductInformationLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RestatementAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtRestatementAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfProductInformationTable" xlink:to="loc_srtRestatementAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RestatementDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtRestatementDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtRestatementAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtRestatementDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember" xlink:label="loc_srtScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtRestatementDomain" xlink:to="loc_srtScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfProductInformationTable" xlink:to="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTDirectCostOfRevenuesMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTDirectCostOfRevenuesMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTTechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTTechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductInformationLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995650 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountingPoliciesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccountingPoliciesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_OwnershipAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtOwnershipAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_srtOwnershipAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_OwnershipDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtOwnershipDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtOwnershipAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtOwnershipDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtOwnershipDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtOwnershipDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RestatementAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtRestatementAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_srtRestatementAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RestatementDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtRestatementDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtRestatementAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtRestatementDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember" xlink:label="loc_srtScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtRestatementDomain" xlink:to="loc_srtScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" xlink:label="loc_IDTFullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTFullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSettlementLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails" xlink:title="995651 - Disclosure - Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingInformationLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingInformationLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FintechMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTFintechMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTFintechMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTTraditionalCommunicationsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTTraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCorporateMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCorporateMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenues" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenues" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDepreciationAndAmortization" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingInformationLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDepreciationAndAmortization" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995652 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNumberOfReportableSegments" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentReportingAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNumberOfReportableSegments" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails" xlink:title="995653 - Disclosure - Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FintechMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTFintechMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTFintechMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="90" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTTraditionalCommunicationsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTTraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTBOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTBOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_OtherMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTOtherMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTOtherMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTIDTDigitalPaymentsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTIDTDigitalPaymentsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTBOSSRevolutionMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="130" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTBOSSRevolutionMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTGlobalMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTIDTGlobalMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="150" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTIDTGlobalMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenues" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenues" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails" xlink:title="995654 - Disclosure - Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_StatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtStatementGeographicalAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="loc_srtStatementGeographicalAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtStatementGeographicalAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2024/country-2024.xsd#country_US" xlink:label="loc_countryUS" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:to="loc_countryUS" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2024/country-2024.xsd#country_GB" xlink:label="loc_countryGB" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:to="loc_countryGB" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_OthersMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTOthersMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTOthersMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NonUsMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNonUsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="160" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtSegmentGeographicalDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNonUsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FintechMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTFintechMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTFintechMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTTraditionalCommunicationsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTTraditionalCommunicationsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Revenues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenues" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenues" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails" xlink:title="995655 - Disclosure - Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SegmentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementBusinessSegmentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_Net2phoneMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapSegmentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNet2phoneMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:title="995656 - Disclosure - Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:title="995657 - Disclosure - Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostNet" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostNet" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails" xlink:title="995658 - Disclosure - Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostAmortization" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCapitalizedContractCostAmortization" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:title="995659 - Disclosure - Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company&#8217;s Operating Leases (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseCost" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseCost" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapShortTermLeaseCost" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LeaseCost" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLeaseCost" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLeaseCost" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeasePayments" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeasePayments" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails" xlink:title="995660 - Disclosure - Schedule of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails" xlink:title="995661 - Disclosure - Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails" xlink:title="995662 - Disclosure - Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995663 - Disclosure - Leases (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTDisclosureLeasesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RangeAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtRangeAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_srtRangeAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_RangeMember" xlink:label="loc_srtRangeMember" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtRangeAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtRangeMember" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_MinimumMember" xlink:label="loc_srtMinimumMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtRangeMember" xlink:to="loc_srtMinimumMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_MaximumMember" xlink:label="loc_srtMaximumMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtRangeMember" xlink:to="loc_srtMaximumMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:title="995664 - Disclosure - Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails" xlink:title="995665 - Disclosure - Schedule of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFinancialInstrumentAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFinancialInstrumentAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFinancialInstrumentAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTIDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapTransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTIDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisbursementPaymentsVIEMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapTransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTDisbursementPaymentsVIEMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFinancialInstrumentOtherMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapTransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFinancialInstrumentOtherMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails" xlink:title="995666 - Disclosure - Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:label="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:to="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapUSTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapUSTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapUSGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCorporateBondSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails" xlink:title="995667 - Disclosure - Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails" xlink:title="995668 - Disclosure - Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:label="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:to="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapUSTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapUSTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCorporateBondSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTGovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTGovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails" xlink:title="995669 - Disclosure - Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:label="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis" xlink:to="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapUSTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapUSTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCorporateBondSecuritiesMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_IDTInformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCorporateBondSecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995670 - Disclosure - Debt Securities (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:title="995671 - Disclosure - Schedule of Equity Investments (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTSeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTSeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="130" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTSeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ZedgeIncMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTZedgeIncMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTZedgeIncMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_VisaIncMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTVisaIncMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTVisaIncMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTRafaelHoldingsIncMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTRafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeAxis" order="40" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTOtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:to="loc_IDTOtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MutualFundMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMutualFundMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMutualFundMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapConvertiblePreferredStockMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="150" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapConvertiblePreferredStockMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapHedgeFundsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="170" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapHedgeFundsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherInvestmentsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="190" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapInvestmentTypeCategorizationMember" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherInvestmentsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNi" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNi" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LongTermInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLongTermInvestments" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLongTermInvestments" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical" xlink:title="995672 - Disclosure - Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) (Parenthetical)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ZedgeIncMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTZedgeIncMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTZedgeIncMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTRafaelHoldingsIncMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTRafaelHoldingsIncMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" xlink:label="loc_IDTNumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTNumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:title="995673 - Disclosure - Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" xlink:label="loc_IDTAdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_IDTAdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_2" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails" xlink:title="995674 - Disclosure - Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTRafaelClassBCommonStockMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTRafaelClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTZedgeClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" xlink:label="loc_IDTEquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTEquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails" xlink:title="995675 - Disclosure - Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RelatedPartyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvesteeMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapRelatedPartyDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvesteeMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" xlink:label="loc_IDTAmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTAmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestments_2" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestments_2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995676 - Disclosure - Equity Investments (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTVisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTVisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTVisaClassACommonStockMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTVisaClassACommonStockMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PreferredStockMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPreferredStockMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementTable" xlink:to="loc_srtScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_EquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtEquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtEquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTEquityMethodInvestmentMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtEquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTEquityMethodInvestmentMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInvestmentOwnedBalanceShares" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails" xlink:title="995677 - Disclosure - Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueInputsLevel1Member" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueInputsLevel1Member" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueInputsLevel2Member" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueInputsLevel2Member" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueInputsLevel3Member" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" xlink:label="loc_IDTEquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTEquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" xlink:label="loc_IDTEquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTEquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapInvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapBusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapBusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapBusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapBusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" xlink:label="loc_IDTContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:title="995678 - Disclosure - Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_2" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details" xlink:title="995679 - Disclosure - Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_2" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapFairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995680 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds" xlink:label="loc_IDTInvestmentInHedgeFunds" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_IDTInvestmentInHedgeFunds" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapFairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails" xlink:title="995681 - Disclosure - Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" xlink:label="loc_IDTVariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_IDTVariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" xlink:label="loc_IDTVariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_IDTVariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails" xlink:title="995682 - Disclosure - VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable" xlink:to="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapVariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtConsolidatedEntitiesDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapVariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRestrictedCashCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapReceivablesNetCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapReceivablesNetCurrent" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_DisbursementPrefunding" xlink:label="loc_IDTDisbursementPrefunding" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTDisbursementPrefunding" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPrepaidExpenseCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPrepaidExpenseCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherAssetsCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIntangibleAssetsNet" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_Assets" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAssets" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAssets" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccountsPayableCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="90" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="100" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDepositLiabilityCurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="110" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDepositLiabilityCurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="120" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:presentationArc order="130" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterest" />
      <link:presentationArc order="140" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterest" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" />
      <link:presentationArc order="150" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails" xlink:title="995683 - Disclosure - Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LegalFees" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLegalFees" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLegalFees" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapUnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapUnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_CorporateOther" xlink:label="loc_IDTCorporateOther" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_IDTCorporateOther" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995684 - Disclosure - Revolving Credit Facility (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtDisclosureAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapDebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCreditFacilityDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRevolvingCreditFacilityMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_TDBankMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTTDBankMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTTDBankMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityTable" xlink:to="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_IDTTelecomMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTIDTTelecomMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTIDTTelecomMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCredit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCredit" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCredit" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProceedsFromLinesOfCredit" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapRepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityDescription" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityDescription" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapDebtInstrumentMaturityDate" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapDebtInstrumentMaturityDate" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails" xlink:title="995685 - Disclosure - Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity&#8217;s Noncontrolling Interest (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNoncontrollingInterestAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNoncontrollingInterestAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" xlink:to="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995686 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNoncontrollingInterestAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapNoncontrollingInterestAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_LegalEntityAxis" xlink:label="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestTable" xlink:to="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd#dei_EntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_deiEntityDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiLegalEntityAxis" xlink:to="loc_deiEntityDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_deiEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTNationalRetailSolutionsMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" xlink:label="loc_IDTSaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTSaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapSaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapMinorityInterestLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapSaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995687 - Disclosure - Equity (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfStockByClassTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfStockByClassTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementClassOfStockAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_CommonClassAandBMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTCommonClassAandBMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTCommonClassAandBMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTClassBCommonStockMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTClassBCommonStockMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonClassBMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonClassBMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:to="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualAxis" order="20" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_EmployeesMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTEmployeesMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTEmployeesMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_BillPereiraMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTBillPereiraMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtTitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTBillPereiraMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTypeOfArrangementAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapScheduleOfStockByClassTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTypeOfArrangementAxis" order="30" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapTypeOfArrangementAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTAmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="80" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" xlink:to="loc_IDTAmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapCommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPaymentsOfDividends" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPaymentsOfDividends" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:label="loc_srtStockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_srtStockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockSharesAcquired" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockSharesAcquired" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapTreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" />
      <link:presentationArc order="50" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" />
      <link:presentationArc order="60" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" />
      <link:presentationArc order="70" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapClassOfStockLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails" xlink:title="995688 - Disclosure - Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapWeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995689 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails" xlink:title="995690 - Disclosure - Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss) (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapStatementEquityComponentsAxis" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapEquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_2" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_2" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995691 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapCommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyTable" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapCommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyTable" order="100" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyTable" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" order="200" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:label="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyTable" xlink:to="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" order="10" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd#srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:label="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" />
      <link:presentationArc xlink:type="arc" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" order="0" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" xlink:label="loc_IDTFederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_srtProductsAndServicesDomain" xlink:to="loc_IDTFederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapLossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapLossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapAccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_PurchaseObligation" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapPurchaseObligation" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapPurchaseObligation" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd#IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding" xlink:label="loc_IDTPerformanceBondsOutstanding" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems" xlink:to="loc_IDTPerformanceBondsOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails" xlink:title="995692 - Disclosure - Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net (Details)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" />
      <link:presentationArc order="10" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapIncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapGainLossOnInvestments" />
      <link:presentationArc order="20" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapGainLossOnInvestments" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_OtherIncome" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapOtherIncome" />
      <link:presentationArc order="30" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapOtherIncome" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapNonoperatingIncomeExpense" />
      <link:presentationArc order="40" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapOtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:type="arc" preferredLabel="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" />
    </link:presentationLink>
    <link:presentationLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative" xlink:title="995693 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details Narrative)">
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" />
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd#us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" xlink:label="loc_us-gaapEffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" />
      <link:presentationArc order="0" xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/parent-child" xlink:from="loc_us-gaapIncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="loc_us-gaapEffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations" xlink:type="arc" />
    </link:presentationLink>
</link:linkbase>
</XBRL>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>12
<FILENAME>R1.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468756240864">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover - $ / shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Dec. 05, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">10-Q<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport', window );">Document Quarterly Report</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport', window );">Document Transition Report</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Oct. 31,  2024<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Period Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">Q1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus', window );">Document Fiscal Year Focus</a></td>
<td class="text">2025<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--07-31<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">1-16371<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">IDT
CORPORATION<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0001005731<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">22-3415036<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">520
    Broad Street<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Newark<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NJ<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">07102<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(973)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">438-1000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Class
    B common stock, par value $.01 per share<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">IDT<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NYSE<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus', window );">Entity Current Reporting Status</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent', window );">Entity Interactive Data Current</a></td>
<td class="text">Yes<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory', window );">Entity Filer Category</a></td>
<td class="text">Accelerated Filer<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness', window );">Entity Small Business</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityShellCompany', window );">Entity Shell Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Common Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,574,326<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityListingParValuePerShare', window );">Entity Listing, Par Value Per Share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,674,859<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityListingParValuePerShare', window );">Entity Listing, Par Value Per Share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fiscal period values are FY, Q1, Q2, and Q3. 1st, 2nd and 3rd quarter 10-Q or 10-QT statements have value Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively, with 10-K, 10-KT or other fiscal year statements having FY.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fiscalPeriodItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This is focus fiscal year of the document report in YYYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gYearItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an quarterly report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Form 10-Q<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 308<br> -Subsection a<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentTransitionReport">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a transition report.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13<br> -Subsection a-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentTransitionReport</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFilerCategory">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: Large Accelerated Filer, Accelerated Filer, Non-accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFilerCategory</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:filerCategoryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-T<br> -Number 232<br> -Section 405<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:yesNoItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityListingParValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The par value per share of security quoted in same currency as Trading currency. Example: '0.01'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityListingParValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityShellCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityShellCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntitySmallBusiness">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntitySmallBusiness</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>13
<FILENAME>R2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758387456">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current assets:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 148,019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 164,557<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">95,194<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">90,899<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,274<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,438<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,071<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,009<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $6,634 at October 31, 2024 and $6,352 at July 31, 2024</a></td>
<td class="nump">41,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,215<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SettlementAssetsCurrent', window );">Settlement assets, net of reserve of $1,903 at October 31, 2024 and $1,866 at July 31, 2024</a></td>
<td class="nump">25,245<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">22,186<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisbursementPrefunding', window );">Disbursement prefunding</a></td>
<td class="nump">52,041<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,736<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,686<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,558<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">24,627<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,927<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent', window );">Total current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">431,723<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">422,525<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property, plant, and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">38,944<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">38,652<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Goodwill', window );">Goodwill</a></td>
<td class="nump">26,309<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,288<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Other intangibles, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,947<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,285<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,092<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,518<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset', window );">Operating lease right-of-use assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,101<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,273<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet', window );">Deferred income tax assets, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">29,523<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">35,008<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent', window );">Other assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,995<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11,546<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">554,634<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">550,095<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract', window );"><strong>Current liabilities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Trade accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">23,647<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,773<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">92,821<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">103,176<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent', window );">Deferred revenue</a></td>
<td class="nump">29,321<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,364<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent', window );">Customer funds deposits</a></td>
<td class="nump">94,951<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">91,893<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Settlement liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,710<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,764<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">16,373<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,374<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Total current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">269,823<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">279,344<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,533<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,058<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,662<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Liabilities', window );">Total liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">272,447<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">283,539<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies', window );">Commitments and contingencies</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount', window );">Redeemable noncontrolling interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,039<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,901<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue', window );">Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized shares&#8212;10,000; no shares issued</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital', window );">Additional paid-in capital</a></td>
<td class="nump">305,918<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">303,510<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue', window );">Treasury stock, at cost, consisting of 1,698 and 1,698 shares of Class A common stock and 4,555 and 4,493 shares of Class B common stock at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, respectively</a></td>
<td class="num">(128,512)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(126,080)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(19,709)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(18,142)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit', window );">Retained earnings</a></td>
<td class="nump">102,568<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">86,580<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity', window );">Total IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">260,580<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">246,183<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,568<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,472<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Total equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">271,148<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">255,655<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest, and equity</a></td>
<td class="nump">554,634<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">550,095<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Common Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Class B common stock, $.01 par value; authorized shares&#8212;200,000; 28,229 and 28,177 shares issued and 23,674 and 23,684 shares outstanding at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, respectively</a></td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract', window );"><strong>IDT Corporation stockholders&#8217; equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue', window );">Class B common stock, $.01 par value; authorized shares&#8212;200,000; 28,229 and 28,177 shares issued and 23,674 and 23,684 shares outstanding at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, respectively</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 282<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 282<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisbursementPrefunding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disbursement prefunding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisbursementPrefunding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(19)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(20))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after tax, of accumulated increase (decrease) in equity from transaction and other event and circumstance from nonowner source.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-14A<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-11<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(ii)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(3))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-14<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of excess of issue price over par or stated value of stock and from other transaction involving stock or stockholder. Includes, but is not limited to, additional paid-in capital (APIC) for common and preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(18))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset recognized for present right to economic benefit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 48<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 49<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-49<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-25<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-12<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(12))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(8))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(18))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br><br>Reference 30: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset recognized for present right to economic benefit, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-25<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(9))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Represents the caption on the face of the balance sheet to indicate that the entity has entered into (1) purchase or supply arrangements that will require expending a portion of its resources to meet the terms thereof, and (2) is exposed to potential losses or, less frequently, gains, arising from (a) possible claims against a company's resources due to future performance under contract terms, and (b) possible losses or likely gains from uncertainties that will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events that are deemed likely to occur do occur or fail to occur.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(17))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(25))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(15))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(22))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479837/606-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479837/606-10-45-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allowance for credit loss, of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), investment in debt security measured at amortized cost (held-to-maturity), and investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (trading), classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, with jurisdictional netting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482525/740-10-45-4<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482525/740-10-45-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The current portion, due within one year or one operating cycle, if longer, of deposits held other than customer deposits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(20))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI), classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482736/825-10-45-1A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Goodwill">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated impairment loss, of asset representing future economic benefit arising from other asset acquired in business combination or from joint venture formation or both, that is not individually identified and separately recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 49<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-49<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482548/350-20-55-24<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 100<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(15))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482598/350-20-45-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(10)(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Goodwill</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Liabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability recognized for present obligation requiring transfer or otherwise providing economic benefit to others.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 210<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(20))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(24))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(25))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(26))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(23))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(21))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-25<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-12<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(14))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(21))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-25<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-5<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount of investments that are intended to be held for an extended period of time (longer than one operating cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(12))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of equity (deficit) attributable to noncontrolling interest. Excludes temporary equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(24))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 13: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(22))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(8))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncurrent assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(17))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated amortization of finite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(20))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(24))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable preferred shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(21))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits within a future period of one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(7))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482955/340-10-05-5<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483032/340-10-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 360<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482099/360-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-7A<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 360<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478451/942-360-50-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount due to the entity within one year of the balance sheet date (or one operating cycle, if longer) from outside sources, including trade accounts receivable, notes and loans receivable, as well as any other types of receivables, net of allowances established for the purpose of reducing such receivables to an amount that approximates their net realizable value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>As of the reporting date, the aggregate carrying amount of all noncontrolling interests which are redeemable by the (parent) entity (1) at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date, (2) at the option of the holder of the noncontrolling interest, or (3) upon occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the (parent) entity. This item includes noncontrolling interest holder's ownership (or holders' ownership) regardless of the type of equity interest (common, preferred, other) including all potential organizational (legal) forms of the investee entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Subparagraph (12)(c)<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480244/480-10-S99-3A<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Subparagraph (16)(c)<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Section S99<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480244/480-10-S99-3A<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (15)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480244/480-10-S99-3A<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 480<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (14)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480244/480-10-S99-3A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated undistributed earnings (deficit).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-11<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(17))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SettlementAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash received or short term receivables for unsettled money transfers, money orders, consumer payments, or business to business payments. Settlement assets include clearing and settling customers payments due to and from financial institutions and may include cash and cash equivalents.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SettlementAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amounts payable for money transfers, money orders, and consumer payment service arrangements. Settlement liabilities include amounts payable to intermediaries for global payment transfers.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of equity (deficit) attributable to parent. Excludes temporary equity and equity attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-12<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-05(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-2<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(4)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(6))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(7))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 14: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 4.E)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480418/310-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of equity (deficit) attributable to parent and noncontrolling interest. Excludes temporary equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(4)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 848<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)(iii)(03)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483550/848-10-65-2<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479832/842-10-65-8<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483421/250-10-45-24<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483421/250-10-45-23<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483421/250-10-45-5<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-5<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)(i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)(iii)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)(iv)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (i)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 105<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479343/105-10-65-6<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 105<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479343/105-10-65-6<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (d)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482615/740-10-65-8<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (d)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482615/740-10-65-8<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-4<br><br>Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br><br>Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 30: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-5<br><br>Reference 31: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481674/830-30-50-1<br><br>Reference 32: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-17<br><br>Reference 33: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20<br><br>Reference 34: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-11<br><br>Reference 35: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 205<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478009/946-205-45-3<br><br>Reference 36: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 505<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-3<br><br>Reference 37: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 38: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-05(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-2<br><br>Reference 39: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(4)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 40: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(6))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 41: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(7))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 42: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 43: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 44: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 45: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 46: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-15<br><br>Reference 47: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-16<br><br>Reference 48: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4I<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4I<br><br>Reference 49: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476166/350-60-65-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount allocated to treasury stock. Treasury stock is common and preferred shares of an entity that were issued, repurchased by the entity, and are held in its treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481520/505-30-50-4<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481549/505-30-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>14
<FILENAME>R3.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468756151632">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical) - USD ($)<br> shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent', window );">Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable current</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,634<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,352<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve', window );">Settlement assets, net of reserve</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,903<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,866<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Preferred stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Preferred stock, shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued', window );">Preferred stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember', window );">Common Class A [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common stock, shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">35,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">35,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,272<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,272<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Common stock, shares outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,574<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,574<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares', window );">Treasury stock shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,698<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,698<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare', window );">Common stock, par value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.01<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized', window );">Common stock, shares authorized</a></td>
<td class="nump">200,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">200,000<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued', window );">Common stock, shares issued</a></td>
<td class="nump">28,229<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28,177<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding', window );">Common stock, shares outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">23,674<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,684<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares', window );">Treasury stock shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,555<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,493<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Settlement assets, net of reserve.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of allowance for credit loss on accounts receivable, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479344/326-20-45-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 310<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481962/310-10-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of common stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(16)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-05(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(4)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(16)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(7))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Face amount or stated value per share of preferred stock nonredeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The maximum number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(16)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares issued for nonredeemable preferred shares and preferred shares redeemable solely at option of issuer. Includes, but is not limited to, preferred shares issued, repurchased, and held as treasury shares. Excludes preferred shares classified as debt.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of previously issued common shares repurchased by the issuing entity and held in treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481549/505-30-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassAMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>15
<FILENAME>R4.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468757880816">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br> shares in Thousands, $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Statement [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 309,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 301,205<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue', window );">Direct cost of revenues</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">201,939<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">207,211<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit', window );">Gross profit</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">107,627<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">93,994<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating expenses (gain):</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">71,051<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">64,378<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense', window );">Technology and development</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">12,759<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,410<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1', window );">Severance</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">177<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">525<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet', window );">Other operating gain, net (see Note 10)</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(484)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses', window );">Total operating expenses</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">83,987<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">76,829<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income from operations</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">23,640<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,165<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet', window );">Interest income, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">1,428<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">844<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Other expense, net</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(283)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,586)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Income before income taxes</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">24,785<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,423<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit', window );">Provision for income taxes</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(6,302)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,947)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">18,483<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,476<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(1,234)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(817)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net income attributable to IDT Corporation</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 17,249<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,659<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic', window );">Basic</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.68<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.30<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted', window );">Diluted</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.68<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.30<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract', window );"><strong>Weighted-average number of shares used in calculation of earnings per share:</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Basic</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">25,204<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,178<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Diluted</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">25,363<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,277<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stock-based
  compensation included in: Technology and development expense &amp; Selling, general and administrative expense</span></td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate cost of goods produced and sold and services rendered during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 48<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CostOfRevenue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482635/260-10-55-52<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482635/260-10-55-15<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(4)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-2<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-60B<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-4<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-10<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(25))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(27))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(23))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-7<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482635/260-10-55-52<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482635/260-10-55-15<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(4)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-2<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-60B<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-4<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(25))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(27))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(23))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-7<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GrossProfit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate revenue less cost of goods and services sold or operating expenses directly attributable to the revenue generation activity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 48<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 9: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-31<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GrossProfit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations, including income (loss) from equity method investments, before deduction of income tax expense (benefit), and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 48<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(11))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-31<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 235<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-05(b)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477314/942-235-S99-1<br><br>Reference 11: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(10))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 12: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(15))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 231<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482663/740-10-55-231<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.7)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-10<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(9))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Topic 740<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482659/740-20-45-2<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h))<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 235<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of interest income (expense) classified as operating.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(10))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-4<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-10<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479105/946-220-45-7<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(9))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(1)(d))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 30: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 31: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 32: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-60B<br><br>Reference 33: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 205<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483499/205-20-50-7<br><br>Reference 34: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br><br>Reference 35: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A<br><br>Reference 36: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B<br><br>Reference 37: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of Net Income (Loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(17))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-1A<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4J<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of income or expense from ancillary business-related activities (that is to say, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(7))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpenses">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpenses</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-31<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net amount of other operating income and expenses, the components of which are not separately disclosed on the income statement, from items that are associated with the entity's normal revenue producing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-11<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 205<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478009/946-205-45-3<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479105/946-220-45-7<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(16))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(9))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(1)(d))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-19<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 235<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-05(b)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477314/942-235-S99-1<br><br>Reference 30: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 205<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483499/205-20-50-7<br><br>Reference 31: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4J<br><br>Reference 32: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4K<br><br>Reference 33: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A<br><br>Reference 34: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B<br><br>Reference 35: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-2<br><br>Reference 36: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-1A<br><br>Reference 37: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-1A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense for research and development. Includes, but is not limited to, cost for computer software product to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed and writeoff of research and development assets acquired in transaction other than business combination or joint venture formation or both. Excludes write-down of intangible asset acquired in business combination or from joint venture formation or both, used in research and development activity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 48<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 985<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481283/985-20-50-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 730<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482916/730-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 912<br> -SubTopic 730<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479532/912-730-25-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 48<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 41<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-41<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 42<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-42<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-40<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 235<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-05(b)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477314/942-235-S99-1<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expenses for special or contractual termination benefits provided to current employees involuntarily terminated under a benefit arrangement associated exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan. Excludes expenses related to one-time termination benefits, a discontinued operation or an asset retirement obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-16<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-10<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>16
<FILENAME>R5.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468757318160">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 912<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 771<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember', window );">Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">834<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">641<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember', window );">Technology and Development Expense [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 78<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 130<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stock-based
  compensation included in: Technology and development expense &amp; Selling, general and administrative expense</span></td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis=IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>17
<FILENAME>R6.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759123552">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Statement [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,483<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,476<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract', window );"><strong>Other comprehensive income (loss):</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax', window );">Change in unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities</a></td>
<td class="nump">56<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(66)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax', window );">Foreign currency translation adjustments</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,623)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">631<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive (loss) income</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,567)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">565<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Comprehensive income</a></td>
<td class="nump">16,916<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,041<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,234)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(817)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax', window );">Comprehensive income attributable to IDT Corporation</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,682<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,224<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(24))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(26))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(22))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(20))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-5<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss), attributable to noncontrolling interests. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 810<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-20<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(23))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(25))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(21))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 21<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-21<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(20))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4K<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-19<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(22))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(24))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(20))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4K<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax, before reclassification adjustments of gain (loss) on foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 220<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-10A<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-11<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-10A<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-10A<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481839/830-10-45-9<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482014/830-20-35-3<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481674/830-30-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-17<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-4<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-5<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B<br><br>Reference 12: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 220<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482739/220-10-55-15<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after tax and before adjustment, of unrealized holding gain (loss) on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale). Excludes unrealized gain (loss) on investment in debt security measured at amortized cost (held-to-maturity) from transfer to available-for-sale.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-9<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10A<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-10A<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-11<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-11<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 205<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478009/946-205-45-3<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479105/946-220-45-7<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(16))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(9))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(1)(d))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-19<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 235<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-05(b)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477314/942-235-S99-1<br><br>Reference 30: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 205<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483499/205-20-50-7<br><br>Reference 31: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4J<br><br>Reference 32: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4K<br><br>Reference 33: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A<br><br>Reference 34: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B<br><br>Reference 35: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-2<br><br>Reference 36: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-1A<br><br>Reference 37: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-1A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>18
<FILENAME>R7.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468755966688">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Total</div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Common Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Common Class A [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th">
<div>Common Stock [Member] </div>
<div>Common Class B [Member]</div>
</th>
<th class="th"><div>Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Treasury Stock, Common [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Retained Earnings [Member]</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Noncontrolling Interest [Member]</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Balance at Jul. 31, 2023</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 199,996<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 279<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 301,408<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (115,461)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (17,192)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 24,662<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 6,267<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram', window );">Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,836)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,836)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees', window );">Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees</a></td>
<td class="num">(15)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(15)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther', window );">Stock issued to an executive officer for bonus payment</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">771<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">771<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive income(loss)</a></td>
<td class="nump">565<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">565<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">8,369<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,659<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">710<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Balance at Oct. 31, 2023</a></td>
<td class="nump">206,967<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">279<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">302,351<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(118,312)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(16,627)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">32,321<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,922<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised', window );">Exercise of stock options</a></td>
<td class="nump">172<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">172<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders', window );">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="num">(55)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(55)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Balance at Jul. 31, 2024</a></td>
<td class="nump">255,655<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">282<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">303,510<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(126,080)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(18,142)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">86,580<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,472<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock', window );">Dividends declared ($0.05 per share)</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,261)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,261)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram', window );">Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,339)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,339)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees', window );">Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,093)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,093)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther', window );">Stock issued to an executive officer for bonus payment</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,824<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,824<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">584<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">584<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive income(loss)</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,567)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,567)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">18,345<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,249<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,096<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rc">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Balance at Oct. 31, 2024</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 271,148<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 282<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 305,918<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (128,512)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (19,709)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 102,568<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 10,568<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Net Income Loss Including Portion Attributable To Redeemable Non Controlling Interest And Non Controlling Interest In Subsidiaries</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Treasury stock, value, repurchases of common stock through repurchase program.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Treasury stock, value, restricted common stock purchased from employees.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other increase (decrease) in additional paid in capital (APIC).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase to additional paid-in capital (APIC) for recognition of cost for award under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480483/718-10-35-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481089/718-20-55-13<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 718<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481089/718-20-55-12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of paid and unpaid common stock dividends declared with the form of settlement in cash, stock and payment-in-kind (PIK).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 405<br> -Topic 942<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477787/942-405-45-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Decrease in noncontrolling interest balance from payment of dividends or other distributions by the non-wholly owned subsidiary or partially owned entity, included in the consolidation of the parent entity, to the noncontrolling interest holders.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481674/830-30-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-17<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-4<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-5<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B<br><br>Reference 12: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 220<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482739/220-10-55-15<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Value of stock issued as a result of the exercise of stock options.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of equity (deficit) attributable to parent and noncontrolling interest. Excludes temporary equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(4)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 848<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)(iii)(03)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483550/848-10-65-2<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479832/842-10-65-8<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483421/250-10-45-24<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483421/250-10-45-23<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483421/250-10-45-5<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-5<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)(i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)(iii)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (h)(1)(iv)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (i)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 105<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479343/105-10-65-6<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 105<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479343/105-10-65-6<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (d)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482615/740-10-65-8<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (d)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482615/740-10-65-8<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-4<br><br>Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br><br>Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 30: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-5<br><br>Reference 31: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481674/830-30-50-1<br><br>Reference 32: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-17<br><br>Reference 33: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20<br><br>Reference 34: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-11<br><br>Reference 35: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 205<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478009/946-205-45-3<br><br>Reference 36: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 505<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-3<br><br>Reference 37: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 38: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-05(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-2<br><br>Reference 39: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(4)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 40: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(6))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 41: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(7))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 42: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 43: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 44: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 45: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 46: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-15<br><br>Reference 47: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-16<br><br>Reference 48: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4I<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4I<br><br>Reference 49: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 350<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476166/350-60-65-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>19
<FILENAME>R8.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468757719600">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Oct. 31, 2024 </div>
<div>$ / shares</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Statement [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared', window );">Dividends declared per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.05<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate dividends declared during the period for each share of common stock outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>20
<FILENAME>R9.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758523856">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Operating activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss', window );">Net income</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,483<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,476<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,241<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,047<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits', window );">Deferred income taxes</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,485<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,561<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts', window );">Provision for credit losses, doubtful accounts receivable, and reserve for settlement assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,002<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">759<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation', window );">Stock-based compensation</a></td>
<td class="nump">912<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">771<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense', window );">Other</a></td>
<td class="nump">692<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,425<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract', window );"><strong>Changes in assets and liabilities:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable', window );">Trade accounts receivable</a></td>
<td class="num">(200)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,572)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets', window );">Settlement assets, disbursement prefunding, prepaid expenses, other current assets, and other assets</a></td>
<td class="num">(20,380)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,250<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities', window );">Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, settlement liabilities, other current liabilities, and other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="num">(12,771)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6,285)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities', window );">Customer funds deposits</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,810<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3,017)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability', window );">Deferred revenue</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,110)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(540)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities', window );">Net cash provided by operating activities</a></td>
<td class="nump">164<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,875<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investing activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment', window );">Capital expenditures</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,278)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(4,322)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Purchase of convertible preferred stock in equity method investment</a></td>
<td class="num">(673)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(672)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities', window );">Purchases of debt securities and equity investments</a></td>
<td class="num">(12,669)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7,750)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities', window );">Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemption of equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,878<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,067<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities', window );">Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(8,742)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,323<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Financing activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends', window );">Dividends paid</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,261)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders', window );">Distributions to noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(55)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit', window );">Proceeds from borrowings under revolving credit facility</a></td>
<td class="nump">14,243<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,315<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit', window );">Repayment of borrowings under revolving credit facility</a></td>
<td class="num">(14,243)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(30,315)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised', window );">Proceeds from exercise of stock options</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">172<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock', window );">Repurchases of Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,432)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,851)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities', window );">Net cash used in financing activities</a></td>
<td class="num">(3,693)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,734)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">28<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(6,834)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect', window );">Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="num">(12,243)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,630<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">255,456<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">198,823<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">243,213<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">208,453<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract', window );"><strong>Supplemental Schedule of Non-Cash Financing Activities</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther', window );">Shares of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock issued to an executive officer for bonus payment</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,824<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of other increase (decrease) in additional paid in capital (APIC).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; including effect from exchange rate change. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Topic 830<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477401/830-230-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) and income tax credits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The current period expense charged against earnings on long-lived, physical assets not used in production, and which are not intended for resale, to allocate or recognize the cost of such assets over their useful lives; or to record the reduction in book value of an intangible asset over the benefit period of such asset; or to reflect consumption during the period of an asset that is not used in production.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482099/360-10-50-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) from effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; held in foreign currencies. Excludes amounts for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 230<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477401/830-230-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amounts payable to vendors for goods and services received and the amount of obligations and expenses incurred but not paid.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in amount due within one year (or one business cycle) from customers for the credit sale of goods and services.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 912<br> -SubTopic 310<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478345/912-310-45-11<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in current liabilities classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase (decrease) in prepaid expenses, and assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-25<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (expense) included in net income that results in no cash inflow (outflow), classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow to reacquire common stock during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash outflow in the form of capital distributions and dividends to common shareholders, preferred shareholders and noncontrolling interests.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the purchase of or advances to an equity method investments, which are investments in joint ventures and entities in which the entity has an equity ownership interest normally of 20 to 50 percent and exercises significant influence.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow for purchase of marketable security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481830/320-10-45-11<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow to a noncontrolling interest. Includes, but not limited to, reduction of noncontrolling interest ownership. Excludes dividends paid to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from contractual arrangement with the lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-14<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow associated with the aggregate amount received by the entity through sale or maturity of marketable securities (held-to-maturity or available-for-sale) during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from exercise of option under share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-14<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 718<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProfitLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-11<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 205<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478009/946-205-45-3<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479105/946-220-45-7<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(16))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(9))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(1)(d))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 19<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-19<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 235<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-05(b)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477314/942-235-S99-1<br><br>Reference 30: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 205<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483499/205-20-50-7<br><br>Reference 31: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4J<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4J<br><br>Reference 32: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 4K<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4K<br><br>Reference 33: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A<br><br>Reference 34: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B<br><br>Reference 35: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-2<br><br>Reference 36: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-1A<br><br>Reference 37: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-1A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProfitLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of expense (reversal of expense) for expected credit loss on accounts receivable.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479319/326-20-50-13<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow for payment of an obligation from a lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>21
<FILENAME>R10.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468757534928">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Pay vs Performance Disclosure - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ecd_PvpTable', window );"><strong>Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss', window );">Net Income (Loss)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 17,249<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,659<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ecd_PvpTable">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-K<br> -Number 229<br> -Section 402<br> -Subsection v<br> -Paragraph 1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ecd_PvpTable</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ecd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(20))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-4<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-10<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479105/946-220-45-7<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(18))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(9))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(1)(d))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 30: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 31: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 32: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 60B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-60B<br><br>Reference 33: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 205<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483499/205-20-50-7<br><br>Reference 34: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br><br>Reference 35: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A<br><br>Reference 36: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B<br><br>Reference 37: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(22))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>22
<FILENAME>R11.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758310912">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Insider Trading Arrangements<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems', window );"><strong>Insider Trading Arrangements [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag', window );">No insider trading flag</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>No insider trading flag.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation S-K<br> -Number 229<br> -Section 408<br> -Subsection a<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>ecd_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>23
<FILENAME>R12.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758577648">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Basis of Presentation<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock', window );">Basis of Presentation</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zQBAldpnxki1" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
1&#8212;<span id="xdx_82D_zqo1SmiOpHcj">Basis of Presentation</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of IDT Corporation and its subsidiaries (the &#8220;Company&#8221; or &#8220;IDT&#8221;)
have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (&#8220;U.S. GAAP&#8221;)
for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include
all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments
(consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the
three months ended October 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending July
31, 2025. The balance sheet at July 31, 2024 has been derived from the Company&#8217;s audited financial statements at that date but
does not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, please
refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended July 31, 2024, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#8220;SEC&#8221;).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s fiscal year ends on July 31 of each calendar year. Each reference below to a fiscal year refers to the fiscal year ending
in the calendar year indicated (e.g., fiscal 2025 refers to the fiscal year ending July 31, 2025).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
of October 31, 2024, the Company owned <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20241031__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_znxFc4hHfQ0d" title="Ownership percentage">94.0</span>%
of the outstanding shares of its subsidiary, net2phone 2.0, Inc. (&#8220;net2phone 2.0&#8221;), which owns and operates the
net2phone segment, and <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20241031__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zkM2XFKd0W48" title="Ownership percentage">81.5</span>%
of the outstanding shares of National Retail Solutions (&#8220;NRS&#8221;). On a fully diluted basis assuming all the vesting
criteria related to various rights granted have been met, the Company would own <span id="xdx_905_ecustom--FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_pid_dp_uPure_c20240801__20241031__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zGfNSWHD0iJd" title="Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage">90.3</span>%
of the equity of net2phone 2.0 and <span id="xdx_907_ecustom--FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_pid_dp_uPure_c20240801__20241031__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_z8iys4JhYOIa" title="Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage">79.3</span>%
of NRS.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription_zfA9G5VxSKX5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span id="xdx_866_zIf7aA35Rqsc">Reclassifications</span></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">From and after August 1, 2024, the Company reclassified certain customer funds for pending money transfers in its
consolidated financial statements. In the consolidated balance sheet at July 31, 2024, $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20240731__srt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_zEaXbE2WSsVf" title="Settlement liabilities">8.9</span> million previously included in &#8220;Settlement
liabilities&#8221; was reclassified to &#8220;Customer funds deposits,&#8221; and in the consolidated statements of cash flows in the
three months ended October 31, 2023, cash used for &#8220;Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, settlement liabilities, other current
liabilities, and other liabilities&#8221; of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__srt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_zvel8jM4EtHi" title="Customer funds deposits">0.7</span> million was reclassified to cash used for &#8220;Customer funds deposits&#8221;. These
amounts were reclassified to conform to the current year&#8217;s presentation.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
and after February 1, 2024, the Company reclassified most of its technology and development expenses from &#8220;Selling, general and
administrative&#8221; expense to a new &#8220;Technology and development&#8221; expense caption in the consolidated statements of income
and reclassified an amount that was immaterial in all periods to &#8220;Direct cost of revenues.&#8221; The following table shows the
amounts that were reclassified in the three months ended October 31, 2023 to conform to the current period&#8217;s presentation:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock_zWwcZQG94Jhh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B9_z9JvzkbiMJxh">Schedule
of Amount that were Reclassified</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_491_20240801__20241031_zJO62zg0J9wj" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling, general and administrative expense
    reclassified to:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--DirectCostofRevenuesMember_z5my8uBtlpm4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 80%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Direct
    cost of revenues</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">434</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsAhJJ4oIyz9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Technology
    and development expenses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,410</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsUpfxDfKIVj" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling,
    general and administrative expense</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,410</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the basis of presentation and significant accounting policies concepts. Basis of presentation describes the underlying basis used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS). Accounting policies describe all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/235/tableOfContent<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>24
<FILENAME>R13.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758733104">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business Segment Information<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Business Segment Information</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock_zrgaFMmDPipc" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
2&#8212;<span id="xdx_823_zu6jSSuU8uX9">Business Segment Information</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has <span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--NumberOfReportableSegments_pid_dc_uSegments_c20230801__20241031_zqS0l14LQO37" title="Number of reportable segments">four</span> reportable business segments, NRS, Fintech, net2phone, and Traditional Communications.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
NRS segment is an operator of a nationwide point-of-sale (&#8220;POS&#8221;) network providing independent retailers with store management
software, electronic payment processing, and other ancillary merchant services. NRS&#8217; POS platform provides marketers with digital
out-of-home advertising and transaction data.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Fintech segment is comprised of: (i) BOSS Money, a provider of international money remittance and related value/payment transfer
services; and (ii) other, significantly smaller, financial services businesses, including a variable interest entity
(&#8220;VIE&#8221;) that processes disbursement payments, and IDT Financial Services Limited (&#8220;IDT Financial
Services&#8221;), the Company&#8217;s Gibraltar-based bank.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
net2phone segment is comprised of net2phone&#8217;s integrated cloud communications and contact center services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Traditional Communications segment includes: (i) IDT Digital Payments, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime,
messaging, and data to international and domestic mobile accounts: (ii) BOSS Revolution, an international long-distance calling service
marketed primarily to immigrant communities in the United States and Canada; and (iii) IDT Global, a wholesale provider of international
voice and SMS termination and outsourced traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide. Traditional Communications also includes
other small businesses and offerings including early-stage business initiatives and mature businesses in harvest mode.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s reportable segments are distinguished by types of service, customers, and methods used to provide their services. The
operating results of these business segments are regularly reviewed by the Company&#8217;s chief operating decision maker. The accounting
policies of the segments are the same as the accounting policies of the Company as a whole. There are no significant asymmetrical allocations
to segments. The Company evaluates the performance of its business segments based primarily on income (loss) from operations.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
costs mainly include compensation, consulting fees, treasury, tax and accounting services, human resources, corporate purchasing, corporate
governance including Board of Directors&#8217; fees, internal and external audit, investor relations, corporate insurance, corporate
legal, and other corporate-related general and administrative expenses. Corporate does not generate any revenues, nor does it incur any
direct cost of revenues.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zBcpZIwSyFr5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
results for the business segments of the Company were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zoURLZLM3Yhb" style="display: none">Schedule
of Operating Results of Business Segments</span> &#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BE_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zOP9BVI6zqR9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BC_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zSW2Z15jtbL6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fintech</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B0_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_zZp0a7jDyElj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B2_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zHf9U4QDfut8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Traditional
    Communications</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_us-gaap--CorporateMember_zinPPjg94Pbh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Corporate</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BB_zLoel4FNRPQ9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three Months Ended October 31, 2024</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_434_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zBJO1BI9eTQc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">30,362</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">37,070</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,620</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">220,514</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0676">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">309,566</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_43D_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_zoQ5zHNjD70i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income (loss) from operations</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,613</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,236</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">999</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">15,672</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,880</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,640</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_435_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_di_zaENFPOcEy93" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation and amortization</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(960</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(735</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,557</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,972</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(17</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(5,241</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three Months Ended October 31, 2023</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_435_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zePNjOjwLZDe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,995</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">26,563</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">19,927</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$$230,720</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0697">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">301,205</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_430_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_z2piqOL9V34l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income (loss) from operations</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,460</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,383</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(7</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">15,406</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,311</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">17,165</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_430_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_di_zyiky1Phy2Rk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation and amortization</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(735</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(693</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,440</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,148</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(31</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(5,047</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AA_zmN55BUI7Mad" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 48<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 54<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-54<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 47<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-47<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 54<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-54<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 47<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-47<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 54<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-54<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 47<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-47<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-31<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 34<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-34<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 26C<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-26C<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 26B<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-26B<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-15<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 42<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-42<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-40<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/280/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 26<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-26<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 41<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-41<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 21<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-21<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 21<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-21<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>25
<FILENAME>R14.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468766583360">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock', window );">Revenue Recognition</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_zdrSTvyadFFf" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
3&#8212;<span id="xdx_826_zef2NSw1bCNc">Revenue Recognition</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company earns revenue from contracts with customers, primarily through the provision of retail telecommunications and payment offerings
as well as wholesale international voice and SMS termination. BOSS Money, NRS, and net2phone are technology-driven, synergistic businesses
that leverage the Company&#8217;s core assets. BOSS Money&#8217;s and NRS&#8217; revenues are primarily recognized at a point in time,
and net2phone&#8217;s revenue is mainly recognized over time. Traditional Communications&#8217; offerings are mostly minute-based, paid-voice
communications services, and revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time. The Company&#8217;s most significant revenue streams
are from IDT Digital Payments, BOSS Revolution, and IDT Global. IDT Digital Payments and BOSS Revolution are sold direct-to-consumer
and through distributors and retailers.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Disaggregated
Revenues</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_zRhzElQV0hFg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table shows the Company&#8217;s revenues disaggregated by business segment and service offered to customers:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zJmfYSmG2Irc" style="display: none">Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240801__20241031_zeNu84q3B9U5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zeBsyCFKgOk6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zkQNp5dgtase" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">30,362</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,995</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zFcQiMaTV6G7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -1.35pt; padding-left: 11.55pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BOSS
    Money</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">33,693</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">24,239</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zFMZbBNLOm1l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -1.35pt; padding-left: 11.55pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,377</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,324</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zA9rhJ1irVg2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -0.15in; padding-left: 12pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    Fintech</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">37,070</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">26,563</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_z59GnQjYNwZg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -9.6pt; padding-left: 0.15in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,620</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">19,927</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTDigitalPaymentsMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zgWXAzEDGtfc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">IDT Digital Payments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">105,119</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100,038</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zSA3wImlyLXe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BOSS Revolution</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">56,842</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">71,170</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTGlobalMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zt6m7NMmwXM3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">IDT Global</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">52,375</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">52,034</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_z3O7dSEt3Nn8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 9.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,178</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,478</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zwulr7VPOv5e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -10.3pt; padding-left: 11.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    Traditional Communications</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">220,514</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230,720</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zOZnbQ9thnA7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: 0.7pt; padding-left: 0.15in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">309,566</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">301,205</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zmI4HPb71nYk" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: 0.7pt; padding-left: 0.15in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">309,566</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">301,205</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

<p id="xdx_8A0_zKHEXZdz6DLe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_zsuBFbqsoR3g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
following table shows the Company&#8217;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zVOWjyMAytNb" style="display: none">Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region</span><span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal">&#160;</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BA_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zauJRBtRr811" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zr4jchhupaTj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fintech</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_zF7k1H2fsPHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_ziTMXaoOnUXd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Traditional
    Communications</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_zlFDD9Z7jbz" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three Months Ended October 31, 2024</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_437_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zgG4Nc0umrhg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 35%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">United States</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">30,362</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">35,889</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,293</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">165,221</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">243,765</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outside the United States:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_435_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zHVdTjDmUyb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">United Kingdom</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0762">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0763">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0764">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">47,957</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">47,957</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_436_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ztzT8xAz6kZh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0768">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,181</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,327</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,336</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">17,844</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_438_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zmqslYvisWC3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    outside the United States</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0774">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,181</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,327</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">55,293</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">65,801</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_437_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zJ1jAURaDqV6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">30,362</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">37,070</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,620</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">220,514</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">309,566</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BA_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zhKPGa4kxAbg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zm63IGPMffvj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fintech</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_ziY0yqajcgu9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zsep3mO0QrJ2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Traditional
    Communications</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_z4SAjdujXB7a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three Months Ended October 31, 2023</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_437_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zDwvIy3oVeg1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 35%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">United States</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,995</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25,834</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">10,688</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">163,068</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">223,585</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outside the United States:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_434_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zkgHpn6AOi57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">United Kingdom</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0792">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0793">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0794">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">58,843</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">58,843</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_433_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zWnSa3jVBjc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0798">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">729</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,239</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,809</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">18,777</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_431_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zNRVCJ50tH5h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    outside the United States</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0804">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">729</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,239</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">67,652</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">77,620</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_436_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_z6Gs4DPhDVPh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,995</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">26,563</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">19,927</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230,720</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">301,205</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_43E_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ztZ1C7ynCRAi" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,995</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">26,563</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">19,927</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230,720</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">301,205</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

<p id="xdx_8AA_zHwXOeHPwo99" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Remaining
Performance Obligations</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock_ziNyHAU5FH41" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table includes revenue by business segment expected to be recognized in the future from performance obligations that were unsatisfied
or partially unsatisfied as of October 31, 2024. The table excludes contracts that had an original expected duration of one year or less.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BC_zaBnNKrHJDo5" style="display: none">Schedule
of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20241031__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zNCZ2nuEB754" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20241031__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zxTem6WAEtR6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20241031_zImR63AYFXZf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve-month period ending October 31:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2025-11-01_zfaDgn0WdKr2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 46%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2025-11-01_ztdpkDsGzpF" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P1Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0828">2025</span></span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,920</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">39,399</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">46,319</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2026-11-01_z0WWRwBkhBW9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2026-11-01_zGWnKkFjjH11" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P1Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0834">2026</span></span></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,743</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">19,095</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">24,838</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2027-11-01_zoeXEG8T2g0h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2027-11-01_zcsJlNWK5Pmc" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P0Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0840">Thereafter</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,545</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,284</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,829</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2024-10-31_zlus9PvKtmd7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2024-10-31_zWEXDwNGCsQl" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P0Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0846">Total</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">18,208</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">65,778</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">83,986</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AB_zTx3wCE3Ouig" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Accounts
Receivable and Contract Balances</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
timing of revenue recognition may differ from the time of billing to the Company&#8217;s customers. Trade accounts receivable in the
Company&#8217;s consolidated balance sheets represent unconditional rights to consideration. The Company would record a contract asset
when revenue is recognized in advance of its right to bill and receive consideration. The Company has not currently identified any contract
assets.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Contract
liabilities arise when the Company receives consideration or bills its customers prior to providing the goods or services promised in
the contract. The Company&#8217;s contract liability balance is primarily payments received for prepaid BOSS Revolution. Contract liabilities
are recognized as revenue when services are provided to the customer. The contract liability balances are presented in the Company&#8217;s
consolidated balance sheets as &#8220;Deferred revenue&#8221;.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_zF47CxzOzL29" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table presents information about the Company&#8217;s contract liability balance:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zH3oOzmzAFhd" style="display: none">Schedule
of Information About Contract Liabilities</span> &#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20240801__20241031_zd83Ixy1NsOh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20230801__20231031_z6QbBvWAPVFc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn3n3_zmXd12O9K6Ad" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue
    recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,600</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">16,089</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A7_zSNOgkgHrand" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Deferred
Customer Contract Acquisition and Fulfillment Costs</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company recognizes as an asset its incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer that it expects to recover. The Company&#8217;s
incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are sales commissions paid to employees and third parties on sales to end users.
If the amortization period were one year or less for the asset that would be recognized from deferring these costs, the Company applies
the practical expedient whereby the Company charges these costs to expense when incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s costs to fulfill its contracts do not meet the criteria to be recognized as an asset, therefore these costs are charged
to expense as incurred.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_z8fPqxNshWUf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BC_z7s9MZQHT341" style="display: none">Schedule of Deferred
Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20241031_z6cYDaU3EBt8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31,<br/>
    2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20240731_ztE7iDOJgIP6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31,<br/>
    2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zO91caBJexCh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred customer
    contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,948</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,823</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zewGvE1GiqSc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred
    customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other assets&#8221;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,549</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,276</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCCNzHg2_zMBG7kn3O2Di" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9,497</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9,099</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

<p id="xdx_8A5_zhwxG4ir6wD6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_891_ecustom--AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_zqUP8ojatLJ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs during the periods were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_zCQcXqcN7N57" style="display: none">Schedule
of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240801__20241031_zqzvP79ubMog" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zfDh0L9Hzv9d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn3n3_zd9o1teLWWX7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amortization
    of deferred customer contract acquisition costs</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,498</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,215</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A8_zSgsOIHXQt6h" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-9<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-10<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-15<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-13<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 606<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/606/tableOfContent<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>26
<FILENAME>R15.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468757700544">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock', window );">Leases</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_znaFrpO7pjT5" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
4&#8212;<span id="xdx_827_zOPiNGr1uGik">Leases</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s leases primarily consist of operating leases for office space. These leases have remaining terms from less than <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dxL_c20241031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zlTmiJj7ja3d" title="Lessee, operating lease, term of contract::XDX::P1Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0871">one year</span></span>
to approximately <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20241031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zn5WBKQOWk9b" title="Lessee, operating lease, term of contract">five years</span>. Certain of these leases contain renewal options that may be exercised and/or options to terminate the lease. The Company
has concluded that it is not reasonably certain that it would exercise any of these options.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zDfkMcN1jNgb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#8217;s operating leases were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B6_ztO6McD2FYVg" style="display: none">Schedule of Supplemental
Disclosures Related to the Company&#8217;s Operating Leases</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20240801__20241031_zdP7ZADFTyG1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2024</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20230801__20231031_zbRH4D4E7sHh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2023</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2024</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2023</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn3n3_z55qfi6WLOa3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating lease
    cost</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">601</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">758</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ShortTermLeaseCost_pn3n3_zZcvLSCF7QP9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Short-term
    lease cost</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">258</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">326</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_pn3n3_z1GPA7qkvSKb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    lease cost</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">859</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,084</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash paid for amounts included
    in the measurement of lease liabilities:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zjYuzjboLDTc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
    cash flows from operating leases</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">614</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">791</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zTq3bEbLceb7" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">614</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">791</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

<p id="xdx_8A8_zMFQqFXljkq2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_893_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zhdviNaAKtc9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zWAeTzN3vdle" style="display: none">Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October
                                            31,<br/> 2024</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
                                            31,<br/> 2024</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted-average
    remaining lease term-operating leases</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20241031_zTVdUZN6eME9" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term">2.5</span>
                                            years</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20240731_zy1jB6cVoj0e" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term">2.6</span>
                                            years</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted-average
    discount rate-operating leases</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20241031_zBo7DnU9Odl5" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent">5.7</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20240731_z09EY1Yclooa" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent">5.6</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AB_zTxhnt29aFQ2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company obtained right-of-use assets of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031_zhTqlC7wOe4f" title="Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities">0.4</span> million and $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031_zkb4Wsp4zAjf" title="Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities">0.1</span> million, respectively,
in exchange for new operating lease liabilities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89B_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zsGs857t9vh2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s aggregate operating lease liability was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zazlYJ97rgW2" style="display: none">Schedule of Aggregate
Operating Lease Liability</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20241031_ze4vFJ4splrl" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October
                                            31,<br/> 2024</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240731_zcBnjq466lU" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
                                            31,<br/> 2024</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><b>(in thousands)</b></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zvN0JlMT8z8j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating lease
    liabilities included in &#8220;<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_iI_dxL_c20240731_zrS103F82HI6" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherLiabilitiesCurrent"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_iI_dxL_c20241031_zxW4U7OW2K16" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherLiabilitiesCurrent"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0910"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0911">Other current liabilities</span></span></span></span>&#8221;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,640</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,866</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zVVirZdyfuE9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
    lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,566</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,533</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzDbj_z5Qi265PMjg9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,206</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,399</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AA_zIsiDVlBQw13" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zZVGHGkVXHo1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B6_zj958iyN33mh" style="display: none">Schedule
of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20241031_zvkBjO71tjPe"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Twelve-month period ending October 31:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zeY0PKqxdgQl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 84%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2025</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,768</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zHBYaB8B6zMd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2026</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">801</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z1z3sD6E9Ihl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2027</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">500</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z2AkBfjJNvN4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2028</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">198</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z4G9ghN7z602" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2029</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">186</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zbttOgIBTord" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 0pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Thereafter</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">15</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzXtU_zoSDAKqd5Ot9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    lease payments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,468</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zZxu6sqW0NVl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Less
    imputed interest</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(262</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    operating lease liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,206</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for operating leases of lessee. Includes, but is not limited to, description of operating lease and maturity analysis of operating lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/842-20/tableOfContent<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>27
<FILENAME>R16.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758088352">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_ztOzR4wOcAGj" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
5&#8212;<span id="xdx_824_zaiCNvskF4K9">Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zUXpxGnJoin2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span id="xdx_8BA_zZp4yESkbK7g" style="display: none">Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20241031_z90I9ocNykza" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240731_zyu8Ah67vxL" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zDJxy9OxDKg6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash and cash
    equivalents</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">148,019</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">164,557</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zY4ZCwbhezPc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Restricted
    cash and cash equivalents</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">95,194</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">90,899</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzDIV_zKRbuuxeHqB1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">243,213</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">255,456</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AC_zfNWTm5udUe8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock_zWeUfuYIWPQd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Restricted cash and cash equivalents included the following:</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_8B8_zRu8LkopQAfg" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
                                            of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents</span></p>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20241031_zvTniIPo4Qn8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20240731_ztBPWRhltbNf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31,</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember_zCHluQZ5guj9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left">IDT Financial Services (Gibraltar)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">79,747</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">83,284</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__custom--DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember_zgEkTARzdvzj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Disbursement payments VIE</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">15,289</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,426</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentOtherMember_zODRAvAh6bY2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">158</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">189</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_zoq7I4fBXHXg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total restricted cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">95,194</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">90,899</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>
<p id="xdx_8A4_zRUS391hW9n9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Certain of the electronic money financial services regulations
in Gibraltar require IDT Financial Services to safeguard cash held for customer deposits, segregate cash held for customer deposits from
any other cash that IDT Financial Services holds and utilize the cash only for the intended payment transaction. In addition, the VIE is contractually required to use customer funds only for the customers&#8217; pending money
disbursements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for cash and cash equivalent footnotes, which may include the types of deposits and money market instruments, applicable carrying amounts, restricted amounts and compensating balance arrangements. Cash and equivalents include: (1) currency on hand (2) demand deposits with banks or financial institutions (3) other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits (4) short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Generally, only investments maturing within three months from the date of acquisition qualify.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>28
<FILENAME>R17.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468757707152">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Debt Securities<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Debt Securities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zQyKOpav7hDg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
6&#8212;<span id="xdx_82C_zKp1GkOSJ828">Debt Securities</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_z1QJU7yVZkGk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span id="xdx_8BA_zEsdWg814bUj" style="display: none">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Amortized
    Cost</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Gross
    Unrealized Gains</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Gross
    Unrealized Losses</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; width: 36%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zBpbcUDY0BL3" style="text-align: right; width: 12%" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">20,568</span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zBvrBqGu0BVe" style="text-align: right; width: 12%" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16</span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zyG8KOSFG4b4" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(52</span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zmdBBpTdUMOe" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">20,532</span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Government
    sponsored enterprise notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_znYHmjRhmJDg" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,342</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zeqKFumxp8s5" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_z0pieVzClFEh" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0979">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zzG4cKqLY7Td" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,343</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zz57wj3SgHKh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,688</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zir8mO5nMAA3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zkUfUr62ae2c" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(290</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zyEqiAeJpJi2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,399</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_z8lcQdESimdi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">27,598</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zNnEyhSDZLVb" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031_zeFzHm82oCm2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(342</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zADO7qzqaGJl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">27,274</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zYW7uTE9cQP6" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16,641</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zK0mJqMKkWVi" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zvfCdddoMrC1" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(66</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_ztm2WxcS1la4" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16,585</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Government
    sponsored enterprise notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zLULUTXdcCyh" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,356</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zDqcKdTb5X9i" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1002">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zCRNbeUeASK5" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zsZEQtcsBX7i" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,353</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zaG5pxiTYbBl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,821</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zmLWNay04lXj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z7XFlvw7bsfb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(322</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_ztdKOb9OtTHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,500</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zuAMRwrsjFVk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23,818</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_ziHlxkpXBEIc" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731_zYSgqj88ASQ8" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(391</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_z7qzV8Zulon2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23,438</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A6_zt0BF0OIlhn5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
gross unrealized losses in the table above are recorded in &#8220;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&#8221; in the consolidated balance
sheets. As of October 31, 2024, the Company determined that the unrealized losses were due to changes in interest rates or market liquidity
and were not due to credit losses. In addition, as of October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company did not intend to sell any of the
securities with unrealized losses, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell any of these securities
before recovery of the unrealized losses, which may be at maturity.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Proceeds
from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments were $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031_zD5Ppy1xDG59" title="Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale">9.9</span> million and $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031_zKRYGofY7Tvb" title="Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale">17.1</span> million in the three
months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There were no realized gains or realized losses from sales of debt securities in
the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company uses the specific identification method in computing the realized gains
and realized losses on the sales of debt securities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_zDMYN6CAxXsc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
The contractual maturities of the Company&#8217;s available-for-sale debt securities at October 31, 2024 were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span id="xdx_8B9_zu825T1AbdK6" style="display: none">Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20241031_zaKMruZH7Xjk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in
                                            thousands)</b></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zYjfgAQsHb02" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Within one year</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">20,752</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zvels4SupvR8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After one year through five
    years</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,562</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zv5Yo7ZXK3K" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After five years through ten
    years</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">923</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_z2EwPkWZ1Ppl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After
    ten years</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">37</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDz3sI_z0sjVDktA9Hc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">27,274</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A1_zmQIawOEpR39" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zFZZtJixcDDd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table includes the fair value of the Company&#8217;s available-for-sale debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BF_z3omZCr3WT7b" style="display: none">Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized
    Losses</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; width: 68%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zuD1NCeD3WJg" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">52</span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z7GamBuAj6xi" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11,915</span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zqrdfzxk894i" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">290</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z4CLYOa7xhRf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,280</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zeRR9w7Z3Myh" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">342</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zCFjs55piE9a" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">15,195</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z0fF3iYwJP79" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">66</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z1sqRPC2zvB9" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12,936</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Government
    sponsored enterprise notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__custom--GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_zNP8H8qxymSk" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__custom--GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_zW1hwPLK5DHf" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,634</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zKs8I8lBuHCl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">322</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zvAEEmYUhDQc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,310</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zQTRfAX2cIDi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">391</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_za5dZKylHO21" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18,880</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A5_zCAMDrwlfkeg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock_z69u2gw05c79" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months
or longer:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span id="xdx_8B8_z1gMDfCg5hM9" style="display: none">Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized
    Losses</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.
    Treasury bills and notes</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zyplVtPMaBtl" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">42</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zUgN7OazvbFg" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,306</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zErjDNgBpbwj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">275</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zE3zVojLMBib" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,108</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zJsb5r9Bw1r6" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">317</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_z0FZtK4sMRf2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair Value"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,414</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zUzxIPiBjeV2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">60</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zB0HJWAhmRpb" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,827</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zAeVO2jff9Of" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">307</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zD4XZUwmAAI2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,209</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zDYqz7SVkwb9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">367</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zwdhn3uQBAqi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair Value"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8,036</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AF_zswiukuMRFN3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span>&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for investments in certain debt and equity securities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 940<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/940-320/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Name Regulation S-K (SK)<br> -Number 229<br> -Section 1403<br> -Paragraph b<br> -Publisher SEC<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/320/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-10<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6B<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6B<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6B<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/942-320/tableOfContent<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>29
<FILENAME>R18.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468760023264">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity Investments<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock', window );">Equity Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock_z7wzIHRGcfgc" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
7&#8212;<span id="xdx_829_zA1fyiVAjp7g">Equity Investments</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89D_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zRQGh72io4ok" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
investments consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_z9GmL1y7Qoq7" style="display: none">Schedule of Equity Investments</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20241031_zCh7BH5JFeY6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240731_z82GLLOWRlF9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z6dOHApki1d4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Zedge, Inc. Class
    B common stock, <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_903_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_znBL7CbIgUga" title="Number of related party shares received"><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20230801__20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zw8y0HtSZRye" title="Number of related party shares received">42,282</span></span> shares at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">130</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">153</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zgzkyRwiRM26" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class
    B common stock, <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_901_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20230801__20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z4A5lzAjG22h" title="Number of related party shares received"><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_904_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zUrxVKTnZ1Df" title="Number of related party shares received">278,810</span></span> shares at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">516</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">416</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__custom--OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_zumUu73z1hkg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other marketable equity securities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">53</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">70</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--MutualFundMember_zeIJZwNdw6I" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fixed
    income mutual funds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,372</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,370</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_zS06qOCyPRji" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Current
    equity investments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,071</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,009</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_z2I1DRZgxNoi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Visa Inc. Series C Convertible
    Participating Preferred Stock (&#8220;Visa Series C Preferred&#8221;)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">758</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">695</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zhPvFXxbYoD8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Visa Inc. Series A Convertible
    Participating Preferred Stock (&#8220;Visa Series A Preferred&#8221;)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1098">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">877</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockMember_zrryMmol7LI6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Convertible preferred stock&#8212;equity
    method investment</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,231</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,338</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--HedgeFundsMember_zoyR26JjtSy8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hedge funds</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,878</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,883</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--OtherInvestmentsMember_zijJRi8uDga8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,225</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">725</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_zyDbQFnwK9b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Noncurrent
    equity investments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,092</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6,518</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A6_zmFHsXV2Sz01" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Howard
S. Jonas, the Chairman of the Company and the Chairman of the Company&#8217;s Board of Directors is also the Vice-Chairman of the Board
of Directors of Zedge, Inc. and the Chairman of the Board of Directors and Executive Chairman of Rafael Holdings, Inc.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
June 2016, upon the acquisition of Visa Europe Limited by Visa, Inc. (&#8220;Visa&#8221;), IDT Financial Services received <span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20160630_zzVKX5EJPkDd" title="Owned shares">1,830</span> shares
of Visa Series C Preferred among other consideration. In July 2024, in connection with Visa&#8217;s mandatory release assessment, the
Company received <span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zXzFcQXnPPzf" title="Owned shares">33</span> shares of Visa&#8217;s Series A Preferred. In August 2024, the <span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20240831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_z3gcdbxhoUj3" title="Owned shares">33</span> shares of Visa Series A Preferred were converted
into <span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20240831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_z6zxv7JY8Jt3" title="Owned shares">3,300</span> shares of Visa Class A common stock, which the Company sold for $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_pn5n6_c20240801__20240831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zexjnWDp8Cf4" title="Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemption of equity investments">0.9</span> million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_z7hCg7cPASJc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#8217;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zuvlY09YZ5Qd" style="display: none">Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20240801__20241031_zzPsHqf2074b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20230801__20231031_z514LlVfWke2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zq3cFkwDFGG1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance, beginning of period</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">964</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,632</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_znJpLRQ8LyQi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Adjustment for observable
    transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">63</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(14</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zAjEkA5gBa4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upward adjustment</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1131">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">129</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zLtEAo3Zr5Rk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Impairments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1134">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1135">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zit6CPHLUY32" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance, end of the period</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,027</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,747</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A5_zr0IANTvDsKh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company adjusted the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred it held based on the fair value of Visa Class A common stock,
including a discount for lack of current marketability, which is classified as &#8220;Adjustment for observable transactions involving
a similar investment from the same issuer&#8221; in the table above. The Certificate of Designation with respect to the shares of Visa
Series C Preferred restricts the transferability of the shares, there is no public market for the shares, and none is expected to develop.
The shares become fully convertible into shares of Visa Class A common stock in June 2028. In addition, in the three months ended October
31, 2023, in connection with the acquisition of Regal Bancorp by SR Bancorp, the Company adjusted the carrying value of its shares of
Regal Bancorp common stock.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zM8A4CmhvMM3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized
gains (losses) for all equity investments measured at fair value included the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B4_zElTzqlBnWHk">Schedule
of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20240801__20241031_zS3cMIB2b1z8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20230801__20231031_zYXQfC7wuVpf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zINHnaT7RKkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net gains (losses) recognized
    during the period on equity investments</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">378</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(917</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_zElrtCfR7M6k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Plus:
    net loss recognized during the period on equity investment sold during the period</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1146">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_z9EeJCaj6999" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized
    gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">380</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(917</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unrealized gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value in the table above included the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20240801__20241031_zNdGZJrYFuHg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20230801__20231031_zj1vyklCxsGk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three Months Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31,</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_zP8H4OcyVvVe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 64%; text-align: left">Rafael Class B common stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">100</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">(62</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_zFXmeVuxjLYg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Zedge Class B common stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(23</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_ztm3SHY923Kc" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Equity securities unrealized gain loss</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(23</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
</table>

<p id="xdx_8A0_z04w8mPXWxCh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<i>Equity Method Investment</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has an investment in shares of convertible preferred stock of a communications company (the equity method investee, or &#8220;EMI&#8221;).
As of both October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company&#8217;s ownership was <span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_dp_uPure_c20241031__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_zRdOdVyIHnk2" title="Ownership percentage"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_dp_uPure_c20240731__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_z52daHwR9761" title="Ownership percentage">33.4</span></span>% of the EMI&#8217;s outstanding shares on an as
converted basis. The Company accounts for this investment using the equity method since the Company can exercise significant influence
over the operating and financial policies of the EMI but does not have a controlling interest.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company determined that on the dates of the acquisitions of the EMI&#8217;s shares, there were differences between its investment in
the EMI and its proportional interest in the equity of the EMI of an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_zxu3BwVgseZh" title="Equity method investment, aggregate cost">8.2</span> million, which represented the share of the EMI&#8217;s
customer list on the dates of the acquisitions attributed to the Company&#8217;s interest in the EMI. <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment_c20240801__20241031_zKydnk0ZlqG3" title="Equity method investment, description">These basis differences are being
amortized over the 6-year estimated life of the customer list.</span> In the accompanying consolidated statements of income, amortization of
equity method basis difference is included in the equity in the net loss of investee, which is recorded in &#8220;Other expense, net&#8221;
(see Note 17).</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
both the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, each of the EMI&#8217;s shareholders, including the Company, purchased
additional shares of the EMI&#8217;s convertible preferred stock. At October 31, 2024, the Company was committed to purchase
additional shares of the EMI&#8217;s convertible preferred stock in January 2025 for $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn5n6_c20241031__20241031__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_znZdTMCukVEl" title="Purchase of convertible preferred stock">0.3</span>
million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zlLJSrwtVDn8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s equity method investment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zpwLyD49rkVg">Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20240801__20241031__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zcNac1Mfm1Gf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20230801__20231031__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_z7MlajXLFG11" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">1,338</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">2,784</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_z0Uv5jrCg1Za" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">673</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">672</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zcLx8YIPNBLb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity in the net loss of investee</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(438</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(670</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHleqQfICJEa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Amortization of equity method basis difference</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(342</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(342</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iE_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zIoNgbWsQTy9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, end of period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1,231</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">2,444</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A2_zjbSvSvp2mxa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for cash, cash equivalents, investments in debt and equity instruments (including cost and equity investees and related income statement amounts), equity and cost method investments, investments in joint ventures and any other investment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (d)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482477/820-10-65-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>30
<FILENAME>R19.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758575760">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value Measurements<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock', window );">Fair Value Measurements</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80F_eus-gaap--FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_zaXy4YWemRS8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
8&#8212;<span id="xdx_82E_z6Z7D3gVCTd8">Fair Value Measurements</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_zV3NNIegEnQ5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_zezIl6bSvNag">Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis</span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Level 1 (1)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Level 2 (2)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Level 3 (3)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">October 31, 2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 36%; text-align: left">Debt securities</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zoJnUt02Bz31" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities">20,532</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z0AJLQaOO2Fk" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities">6,742</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zvclwVsRQrDl" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1195">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zYge7yvKawe4" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities">27,274</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity investments included in current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zYRs3tVWbKH3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">5,071</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zSnEdMGdt8jl" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1201">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zXFJgPV5o3Oi" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1203">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zTuWKW78jXB" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">5,071</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zXWwHV89Vjvl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1207">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zuNHjiaTf5sl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">2,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zCNZCLd1HTEb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">758</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDYsx2m1VlJc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">2,758</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zSQNrsifu078" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">25,603</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_znaz6HgAVf4k" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">8,742</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zkqc1UVHitHc" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">758</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDQK6kThXUQa" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">35,103</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Acquisition consideration included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zUOXJEIds3wf" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1223">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zxQxWBR16LL" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1225">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zGHxJnHsJLI3" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(290</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zdYtmZRoabti" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(290</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other noncurrent liabilities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zGXzAADqeQ5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1231">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zuFJwplEK8x4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1233">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_z1T1vzJhSIk2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(616</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zgwxS84KyzXi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(616</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zH82xMlsMJE9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1239">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zR7Lbep05W68" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1241">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zu60JKMwIX7h" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(906</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zyr0h6fhrule" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(906</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">July 31, 2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Debt securities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zkpqWIPwDvfj" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities">16,585</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zAk9zQez7GF5" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities">6,853</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zqJillaU541h" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1251">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z1TXnEFhftqd" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities">23,438</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity investments included in current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z93bDy4KeMeh" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">5,009</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z7BxuudolkS7" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1257">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zXJFZHGGPKH1" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1259">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zBazacZYyZw9" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">5,009</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zsLhvbYvSeLc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1263">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z4XJZb1LPyL6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">1,377</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zmpCB4JtA31" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">695</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z4PhM5O5hHK2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">2,072</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zOflCKA7a4r9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">21,594</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_za0MNFLtKH7j" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">8,230</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zYclHNK2Cb2c" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">695</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z00chcLdWWc6" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">30,519</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Acquisition consideration included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zJuAW5ExzVzd" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1279">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zlVe9L9SuGz5" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1281">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zw9Ck35rT0Vb" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(222</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zJFtbTgCVky8" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(222</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other noncurrent liabilities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zy8hSZ2cKwLa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1287">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zod0oSB0RUll" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1289">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zKCOLzLNh7B9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(684</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zXj9bxRUpS5b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(684</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z79kXFuSlEme" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1295">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zpxvN477R33e" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1297">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zvIlHGBUZ9U7" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(906</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zFCsHTDFBfHg" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(906</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F02_zoU6vg6Uyypk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1F_zEptpx4k4Fof" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211; quoted
prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities</span></td>
</tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F05_zIe2qz614Fo4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F12_ze5l7e4kTCK5" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211; observable
inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities</span></td>
</tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F0A_z7V9AFYwyi8e" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F13_zDVNa6tVnRqg" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211; no observable
pricing inputs in the market</span></td>
</tr></table>

<p id="xdx_8AC_zBGwpsgutpOa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
both October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company had $<span id="xdx_901_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_z6CSoGpx9vc9" title="Investment in hedge funds"><span id="xdx_907_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_iI_pn5n6_c20240731_z8ixEvhyruvb" title="Investment in hedge funds">2.9</span></span> million in investments in hedge funds, which were included in noncurrent
&#8220;Equity investments&#8221; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company&#8217;s investments in hedge funds were
accounted for using the equity method, therefore they were not measured at fair value.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zX5iU9M0Nf3k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_zAsEOItcUBJ9" style="display: none">Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240801__20241031_zMxr2hHamyrj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zwF4mf7HTtZ7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">695</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">1,263</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1_pn3n3_zZ41xTgNF0fg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Total gain (loss) included in &#8220;<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20240801__20241031_zqg71FLzQmIc" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23NonoperatingIncomeExpense"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20230801__20231031_zOfks8xth0C3" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23NonoperatingIncomeExpense"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1317"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1318">Other expense, net</span></span></span></span>&#8221;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">63</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(14</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, end of period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">758</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1,249</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_zM2oJfqp8lg8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1323">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1324">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8AC_zklcEbQOzGkb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zCYELGxY41bl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B0_zU0Nkjcisifd" style="display: none">Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240801__20241031_zt7ibZ35dr6d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zikUjXBb7Ftd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_pn3n3_zpt7t3qpyNoi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">906</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">4,805</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements_pn3n3_ztn5ytD8lLva" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Payments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1331">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(214</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total gain included in</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_pn3n3_zLGuDfEmhH77" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#8220;<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20240801__20241031_z1qmaTEiWQB6" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20230801__20231031_z4dWvM8EP5Z3" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1336"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1337">Foreign currency translation adjustment</span></span></span></span>&#8221;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1334">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, end of period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">906</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">4,588</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_zqPEcRFWDiN8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1342">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1343">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A3_zlCIHcM33Vli" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the three months ended October 31, 2023, the Company paid an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031_zChW1ZbXLId3" title="Contingent consideration payment">0.2</span> million in contingent consideration related to a prior
acquisition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<i>Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
The estimated fair value of the Company&#8217;s other financial instruments was determined using available market information or other
appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting these data to develop estimates of fair
value. Consequently, the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized or would be paid in a current
market exchange.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Cash
and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, settlement assets, disbursement prefunding, other current assets,
customer funds deposits, settlement liabilities, and other current liabilities. </i>At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the
carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated fair value because of the short period of time to maturity. The fair
value estimates for cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents were classified as Level 1 and settlement
assets, disbursement prefunding, other current assets, customer funds deposits, settlement liabilities, and other current
liabilities were classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Other
assets and other liabilities. </i>At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated
fair value. The fair values were estimated based on the Company&#8217;s assumptions, which were classified as Level 3 of the fair value
hierarchy.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 107<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 100<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2E<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6A<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6A<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6A<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 940<br> -SubTopic 820<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>31
<FILENAME>R20.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758581776">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Variable Interest Entity<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Variable Interest Entity</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_806_eus-gaap--VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock_zYwfQ6QlOvwa" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
9&#8212;<span id="xdx_824_zEZsuHFEBGn8">Variable Interest Entity</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company is the primary beneficiary of a VIE that processes disbursement payments. The Company
determined that, effective May 31, 2021, it had the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic
performance, and the Company has the obligation to absorb losses of and the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially
be significant to it. As a result, the Company consolidates the VIE. The Company does not currently own any interest in the VIE and thus
the net income incurred by the VIE was attributed to noncontrolling interests in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_890_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zMNP3T7J1Fre" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s net income and aggregate funding provided by the Company were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zXAawgPT1NFj" style="display: none">Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE</span>&#160;</span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20240801__20241031_zkchNoayjlsh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zOMjjxciyMQh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_pn3n3_zvza4YY7FLDl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Net income of the VIE</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">338</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">81</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_pn3n3_zFpVlz5jZAMd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Aggregate funding provided by the Company, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">55</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">114</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A1_zQSU7j5YqMte" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89B_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_zSHyMrY676vg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B7_z43gZYdnKqHi" style="display: none">VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet</span>&#160;</span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 92%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20241031__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zsFEzlnIsJE9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">October 31,<br/> 2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20240731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zghgQUBPlF2b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">July 31,<br/> 2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Assets:</b></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Cash and equivalents</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">3,055</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">2,626</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Restricted cash</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">15,289</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,426</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Trade accounts receivable, net</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">127</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">74</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--DisbursementPrefunding_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Disbursement prefunding</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,323</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,587</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">359</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">258</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">265</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">294</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment, net</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">163</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">179</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Other intangibles, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">546</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">584</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">21,127</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">14,028</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Liabilities and noncontrolling interests:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Trade accounts payable</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1386">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">4</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">160</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">124</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DepositLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_zE00Auv66RWg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Customer funds deposits</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">15,882</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">9,195</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Due to the Company</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">296</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">241</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accumulated other comprehensive income</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">14</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">27</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Noncontrolling interests</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">4,775</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">4,437</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">21,127</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">14,028</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A8_zh6tZBRROXfi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s assets may only be used to settle the VIE&#8217;s obligations and may not be used for other consolidated entities. The VIE&#8217;s
liabilities are non-recourse to the general credit of the Company&#8217;s other consolidated entities.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for a variable interest entity (VIE), including but not limited to, judgments and assumptions in determining whether to consolidate and in identifying the primary beneficiary, gain (loss) recognized on the initial consolidation of the VIE, terms of arrangements, amounts and classification of the VIE's assets and liabilities, and the entity's maximum exposure to loss.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/810/tableOfContent<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>32
<FILENAME>R21.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759208320">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Operating Gain, Net<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock', window );">Other Operating Gain, Net</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_806_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock_zC46Ybqs1T5j" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
10&#8212;<span id="xdx_82E_zMsTpetSotZd">Other Operating Gain, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_892_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zRvqxKLq8I2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the other operating gain, net by business segment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zAWw7rnSz7tj" style="display: none">Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20240801__20241031_zaSg79pc1H6g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zzEFGae61Y9a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LegalFees_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzGym_z2E85ZrTdSO2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1411">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">(212</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_pn3n3_maOOIENzGym_zGuoVhNXNx3k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1414">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">684</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--CorporateOther_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzGym_zHonTbgMt0qc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Corporate&#8212;other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1417">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">12</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_iT_pn3n3_mtOOIENzGym_zxFgUmhn6Mn9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1420">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">484</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A4_z5wgMmcC8mb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
<i>Straight Path Communications Inc. Class Action</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">As
discussed in Note 16, the Company (as well as other defendants) was named in a class action on behalf of the stockholders of the Company&#8217;s
former subsidiary, Straight Path Communications Inc. (&#8220;Straight Path&#8221;). The Company incurred legal fees and recorded offsetting
gains from insurance claims related to this action in the three months ended October 31, 2023. In fiscal 2024, the Company received the
final payment from its insurance policy for these claims. On October 3, 2023, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware dismissed
all claims against the Company, and found that, contrary to the plaintiffs&#8217; allegations, the class suffered no damages. The plaintiffs
will have 30 days from entry of the final order to file an appeal.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for other operating income and other operating expense items.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(2)(d))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>33
<FILENAME>R22.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468766608032">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revolving Credit Facility<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Debt Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Revolving Credit Facility</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--DebtDisclosureTextBlock_zsQ8o8pwz136" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
11&#8212;<span id="xdx_824_znzbF041HRjf">Revolving Credit Facility</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s subsidiary, IDT Telecom, Inc. (&#8220;IDT Telecom&#8221;), entered into a credit agreement, dated as of May 17, 2021,
with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum principal amount of $<span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zO9zhKhvBa97" title="Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity">25.0</span> million. As of July 15, 2024 and July
28, 2023, IDT Telecom and TD Bank, N.A. amended certain terms of the credit agreement. IDT Telecom may use the proceeds to finance working
capital requirements and for certain closing costs of the facility. At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, there were <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20241031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zulmKT6CVvA1" title="Outstanding line of credit"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20240731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zykOUbCedNs" title="Outstanding line of credit">no</span></span> amounts outstanding
under this facility. In the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, IDT Telecom borrowed and repaid an aggregate of $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zw9R4iFKAZIg" title="Proceeds from lines of credit"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zDQIPKCd1hLl" title="Repayments of lines of credit">14.2</span></span> million
and $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zyL0SyiMwRke" title="Proceeds from lines of credit"><span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zp7TJpE9L9Oe" title="Repayments of lines of credit">30.3</span></span> million, respectively, under the facility. <span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zeAJiWi9mwca" title="Credit facility, description">The revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#8217;s
assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum at the secured overnight financing rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank
of New York plus 10 basis points, plus depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter,
125 to 175 basis points. Interest is payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on <span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_dd_c20210517__20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zqkj4y88IX09" title="Debt instrument maturity date">May
16, 2026</span>. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly unused commitment fee of 10 basis points on the average daily balance of the unused portion of
the $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zAXeg88eFyYl" title="Revolving credit, unused portion amount">25.0</span> million commitment.</span> IDT Telecom is required to comply with various affirmative and negative covenants as well as maintain certain
targets based on financial ratios during the term of the revolving credit facility. As of October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, IDT Telecom
was in compliance with all of the covenants.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 405<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 405<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 405<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 405<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 405<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(c))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/470/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 835<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482925/835-30-45-2<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1C<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1C<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1C<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1C<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1C<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1C<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1E<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1E<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1I<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1I<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1I<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>34
<FILENAME>R23.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468760190320">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract', window );"><strong>Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80B_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock_zWtVY375cCEk" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
12&#8212;<span id="xdx_82C_zlcFu1NWnpuk">Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
September 29, 2021, NRS sold shares of its Class B common stock representing <span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_pid_dp_uPure_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zFVDmhRwhli8" title="Capital stock outstanding percentage">2.5</span>% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted
basis to Alta Fox Opportunities Fund LP (&#8220;Alta Fox&#8221;) for cash of $<span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn6n6_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zyOcKZXLl4C2" title="Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction">10</span> million. Alta Fox has the right to request that NRS
redeem all or any portion of the NRS common shares that it purchased at the per share purchase price during a period of 182 days following
the fifth anniversary of this transaction. The redemption right shall terminate upon the consummation of (i) a sale of NRS or its assets
for cash or securities that are listed on a national securities exchange, (ii) a public offering of NRS&#8217; securities, or (iii) a
distribution of NRS&#8217; capital stock following which NRS&#8217; common shares are listed on a national securities exchange.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
shares of NRS&#8217; Class B common stock sold to Alta Fox have been classified as mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated
balance sheets because they may be redeemed at the option of Alta Fox, although the shares are not mandatorily redeemable. The carrying
amount of the shares includes the noncontrolling interest in the net income of NRS. The net income attributable to the mezzanine equity&#8217;s
noncontrolling interest during the periods were as follows:</span></p>

<p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock_zvoPOjFByyR3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span style="display: none"><span id="xdx_8B6_zAzGPgPhUq6c">Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity&#8217;s Noncontrolling Interest</span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 92%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zdQQl94tZWXg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zWlYjOOvba6l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest_pn3n3_zy4BNUUkSr4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 64%; text-align: left">Net income of NRS attributable to the mezzanine equity&#8217;s noncontrolling interest</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">138</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">107</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A3_z3F2abgQnlxg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in">&#160;</p>


<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for noncontrolling interest in consolidated subsidiaries, which could include the name of the subsidiary, the ownership percentage held by the parent, the ownership percentage held by the noncontrolling owners, the amount of the noncontrolling interest, the location of this amount on the balance sheet (when not reported separately), an explanation of the increase or decrease in the amount of the noncontrolling interest, the noncontrolling interest share of the net Income or Loss of the subsidiary, the location of this amount on the income statement (when not reported separately), the nature of the noncontrolling interest such as background information and terms, the amount of the noncontrolling interest represented by preferred stock, a description of the preferred stock, and the dividend requirements of the preferred stock.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/810/tableOfContent<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>35
<FILENAME>R24.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468853296496">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Equity</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80F_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_z8usEhQg63Re" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
13&#8212;<span id="xdx_82E_zyhO0CjV5fM8">Equity</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Dividend
Payments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the three months ended October 31, 2024, the Company paid a cash dividend of $<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonClassAandBMember_z5wvwKnPU6X6" title="Cash dividend per share">0.05</span> per share on the Company&#8217;s Class A and Class
B common stock. In the three months ended October 31, 2024, the Company paid aggregate cash dividends of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--PaymentsOfDividends_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonClassAandBMember_zZ1qfjXX03D6">1.3
</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">million.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i></i></span>&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Stock
Repurchases</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has an existing stock repurchase program authorized by its Board of Directors for the repurchase of shares of the Company&#8217;s
Class B common stock. In January 2016, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to <span id="xdx_908_esrt--StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20160131__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zmiRQwoiXJyb" title="Repurchase of shares">8.0</span> million shares in the aggregate. In the three months
ended October 31, 2024, the Company repurchased <span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_z3VKaFNwgb8g" title="Treasury stock, shares, acquired">37,714</span> shares of its Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zUTuirpxbqu7">1.3</span> million.
In the three months ended October 31, 2023, the Company repurchased <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zTq36txIgMA8" title="Treasury stock, shares, acquired">125,470</span> shares of its Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase
price of $<span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zoVxTVWCWlr4">2.8</span> million. At October 31, 2024, <span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_zDcMFzCl3QHc" title="Remained available repurchase, shares">4.4</span> million shares remained available for repurchase under the stock repurchase program.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company paid $<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_z5B0IfouRSM9" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased">1.1</span>
million and $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zU4UVDwHLQN8" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased">15,000</span>,
respectively, to repurchase <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zpTZzqCKddG8" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased">24,290</span>
and <span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zwYVDv7mAlmk" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased">654</span>
shares, respectively, of the Company&#8217;s Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of the Company to satisfy the
employees&#8217; tax withholding obligations in connection with the lapsing of restrictions on restricted
stock and shares issued for bonus payments. Such shares were repurchased by the Company based on their fair market value as of the
close of business on the trading day immediately prior to the vesting date.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Amended
and Restated Employment Agreement with Abilio (&#8220;Bill&#8221;) Pereira</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
December 21, 2023, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with Bill Pereira, the Company&#8217;s President
and Chief Operating Officer. The agreement provides for, among other things, certain equity grants and a contingent bonus subject to
the completion of certain financial milestones as set forth in the agreement. In October 2024, the Company issued to Mr. Pereira <span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20241001__20241031__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--BillPereiraMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zj7nA4c3h2zd" title="Issuance of shares">39,155</span>
shares of its Class B common stock with an issue date value of $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_pn5n6_c20241001__20241031__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--BillPereiraMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zHcYqRgLuRcj" title="Issuance of shares, value">1.8</span> million in connection with the achievement of one of these milestones.</span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 235<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 235<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 505<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-6<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480237/815-40-50-6<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(e)(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 10: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/505/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-16<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>36
<FILENAME>R25.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758337136">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Earnings Per Share<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock', window );">Earnings Per Share</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareTextBlock_zqsHC7CQ77J7" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
14&#8212; <span id="xdx_82F_z8JPzgs4VHE6">Earnings Per Share</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Basic
earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to all classes of common stockholders of the Company by the weighted
average number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is computed
in the same manner as basic earnings per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include restricted stock still subject
to risk of forfeiture and to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method, unless the effect
of such increase is anti-dilutive.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zbFkGf9UvF65" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#8217;s
common stockholders consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_zbjzKJFWtrjh" style="display: none">Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share</span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20240801__20241031_zmg5cNBfD2Ca" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zfxbQdWz8vN5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pn3n3_zMVlykajneq6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Basic weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">25,204</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">25,178</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Effect of dilutive securities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_pn3n3_zzBbZCC3gSLi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Stock options</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1490">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_pn3n3_zPvKu500Euqc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Non-vested restricted Class B common stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">159</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">96</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pn3n3_zd15vPKohEod" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Diluted weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">25,363</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">25,277</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A7_z87Vx2uUg3v4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">There
were <span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_do_c20240801__20241031_zGoYhEvlCuai" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share"><span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_do_c20230801__20231031_zZhKy9f4eE79" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share">no</span></span> shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for earnings per share.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/260/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>37
<FILENAME>R26.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468766585760">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock', window );">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_zisgHqGvbcp2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
15&#8212;<span id="xdx_825_zFp0KtHywOu1">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_zpJ8vuAKXgZ9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BD_z1cMbNvDQOS2" style="display: none">Schedule
of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss)</span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities</b></span></p> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Foreign Currency Translation</b></span></p> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</b></span></p> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%">Balance, July 31, 2024</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zLyfzwkMg3p7" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss">(380</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zlAR92uLPgN5" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss">(17,762</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_z9rHfPJH9jJg" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss">(18,142</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zYOcV7UNTQF7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation">56</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zeM1Y6t9kxtc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation">(1,623</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_zE90Rxcz4mM5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation">(1,567</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, October 31, 2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zTGX2IZPM9z9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss">(324</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_z1U0dWYZcqv3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss">(19,385</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_z4Oi6cpblSje" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss">(19,709</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A3_zasD9F1YpXF9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for comprehensive income, which includes, but is not limited to, 1) the amount of income tax expense or benefit allocated to each component of other comprehensive income, including reclassification adjustments, 2) the reclassification adjustments for each classification of other comprehensive income and 3) the ending accumulated balances for each component of comprehensive income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/220/tableOfContent<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>38
<FILENAME>R27.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468757396240">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Commitments and Contingencies</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_zXlvqVUlqfQ2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
16&#8212;<span id="xdx_824_z6BoT1ykRwqg">Commitments and Contingencies</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Legal
Proceedings</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
July 5, 2017, plaintiff JDS1, LLC, on behalf of itself and all other similarly situated stockholders of Straight Path, and
derivatively on behalf of Straight Path as nominal defendant, filed a putative class action and derivative complaint in the Court of
Chancery of the State of Delaware (the &#8220;Court of Chancery&#8221;) against the Company, The Patrick Henry Trust (a trust formed
by Howard S. Jonas that held record and beneficial ownership of certain shares of Straight Path he formerly held), Howard S. Jonas,
and each of Straight Path&#8217;s directors. The complaint alleged that the Company aided and abetted Straight Path Chairman of the
Board and Chief Executive Officer Davidi Jonas, and Howard S. Jonas in his capacity as controlling stockholder of Straight Path, in
breaching their fiduciary duties to Straight Path in connection with the settlement of claims between Straight Path and the Company
related to potential indemnification claims concerning Straight Path&#8217;s obligations under the Consent Decree it entered into
with the Federal Communications Commission (&#8220;FCC&#8221;), as well as the sale of Straight Path&#8217;s subsidiary Straight
Path IP Group, Inc. to the Company in connection with that settlement. That action was consolidated with a similar action that was
initiated by The Arbitrage Fund. The Plaintiffs sought, among other things, (i) a declaration that the action may be maintained as a
class action or in the alternative, that demand on the Straight Path Board is excused; (ii) that the term sheet is invalid; (iii)
awarding damages for the unfair price stockholders received in the merger between Straight Path and Verizon Communications Inc. for
their shares of Straight Path&#8217;s Class B common stock; and (iv) ordering Howard S. Jonas, Davidi Jonas, and the Company to
disgorge any profits for the benefit of the class Plaintiffs. On August 28, 2017, the Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. The
trial was held in August and December 2022, and closing arguments were presented on May 3, 2023. On October 3, 2023, the Court of
Chancery dismissed all claims against the Company, and found that, contrary to the plaintiffs&#8217;
allegations, the class suffered no damages. On July 22, 2024, oral argument was held in the Court of Chancery on the issue of attorney&#8217;s fees sought by plaintiff&#8217;s counsel against Howard S. Jonas. On October 29, 2024, the Court of Chancery issued a Memorandum Opinion denying plaintiff&#8217;s counsel&#8217;s
request for attorney&#8217;s fees. The parties are drafting
the final order that will be submitted to the Court of Chancery for approval and entry. The plaintiffs will have 30 days from entry of the final order to file an appeal.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
addition to the foregoing, the Company is subject to other legal proceedings that have arisen in the ordinary course of business and
have not been finally adjudicated. Although there can be no assurance in this regard, the Company believes that none of the other legal
proceedings to which the Company is a party will have a material adverse effect on the Company&#8217;s results of operations, cash flows,
or financial condition.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>




<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Sales
Tax Contingency</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">On
June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require
a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in
the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that the Company has
liability for periods for which it has not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions were successful
it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#8217;s business, financial position, and operating results. One or more jurisdictions
may change their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to the Company&#8217;s operations, and if such changes
were made it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#8217;s business, financial position, and operating results.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Regulatory
Fees Audit</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s 2017 FCC Form 499-A, which reported its calendar year 2016 revenue, was audited by the Universal Service Administrative
Company (&#8220;USAC&#8221;). The USAC&#8217;s final decision imposed a $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_iI_pn5n6_c20241031__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_zX667IhZUhT7" title="Final decision imposed">2.9</span> million charge on the Company for the Federal Telecommunications
Relay Service (&#8220;TRS&#8221;) Fund. The Company has appealed the USAC&#8217;s final decision to the FCC and does not intend to remit
payment for the TRS Fund fees unless and until a negative decision on its appeal has been issued. The Company has made certain changes
to its filing policies and procedures for years that remain potentially under audit. At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company&#8217;s
accrued expenses included $<span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_zdbQT4fUqVNa" title="Accrued liabilities">24.4</span> million and $<span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20240731_zhG4Q6eQA6Wg" title="Accrued liabilities">25.9</span> million, respectively, for FCC-related regulatory fees for the year covered by the
audit, as well as prior and subsequent years.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Purchase
Commitments</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">At
October 31, 2024, the Company had purchase commitments of $<span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--PurchaseObligation_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_z7HSzVtuUulb" title="Purchase obligation">1.3</span> million primarily for equipment and services.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>Performance
Bonds</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i>&#160;</i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company has performance bonds issued through third parties for the benefit of various states in order to comply with the states&#8217;
financial requirements for money remittance licenses and telecommunications resellers. At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company
had aggregate performance bonds outstanding of $<span id="xdx_908_ecustom--PerformanceBondsOutstanding_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_zA6rDhUkslc" title="Performance bonds outstanding">33.2</span> million $<span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--PerformanceBondsOutstanding_iI_pn5n6_c20240731_zI5dK00LQhye" title="Performance bonds outstanding">32.4</span> million, respectively. The increase in the performance bonds was due
to increased money remittance transactions in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to prior periods.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for commitments and contingencies.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 405<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/405-30/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 440<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482648/440-10-50-4<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 450<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/450/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 954<br> -SubTopic 440<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478522/954-440-50-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 440<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482648/440-10-50-4<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 440<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/440/tableOfContent<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>39
<FILENAME>R28.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468760172128">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Expense, Net<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Other Expense, Net</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock_zKH7pphiTYDg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
17&#8212;<span id="xdx_824_z2AoiP81FMw7">Other Expense, Net</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_zVRszNKZmOlk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
expense, net consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B2_zH2yqIdqcR4a" style="display: none">Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240801__20241031_zwNaHACCQyN" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20230801__20231031_zafw8q4kjpwg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_z3wVWCVjFZWl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">135</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">(3,499</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_z6LwQErlk9I6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity in net loss of investee</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(780</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,012</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--GainLossOnInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_zxTjoQlRVZP8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Gains (losses) on investments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">378</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(917</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OtherIncome_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_zvjid3RppXMk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(16</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(158</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_iT_pn3n3_mtNIEzeRA_zYKyz6ErNKb4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(283</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(5,586</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p id="xdx_8A0_zUVHCWXobVnd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for other income or other expense items (both operating and nonoperating). Sources of nonoperating income or nonoperating expense that may be disclosed, include amounts earned from dividends, interest on securities, profits (losses) on securities, net and miscellaneous other income or income deductions.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 720<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/720/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 610<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/610/tableOfContent<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>40
<FILENAME>R29.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758585680">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock', window );">Income Taxes</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_zub3wEeSrMjb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Note
18&#8212;<span id="xdx_827_zwF8ofyYE65b">Income Taxes</span></b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s income tax expense in the three months ended October 31, 2024 was based on an effective tax rate of <span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations_dp_uPure_c20240801__20241031_zJnipkxksG1i" title="Effective tax rate">25.4</span>% compared to
<span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations_dp_uPure_c20230801__20240731_zEIuVBcJdBY4" title="Effective tax rate">28.2</span>% for fiscal 2024. The change in the estimated effective tax rate was mainly due to differences in the amount of taxable income earned
in the various taxing jurisdictions.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for income tax.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 231<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482663/740-10-55-231<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12C<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12C<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12B<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12B<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 270<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477891/740-270-50-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 6.I.5.Q1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-13<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(h)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/740/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-14<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 21<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-21<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-17<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.C)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482603/740-30-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>41
<FILENAME>R30.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759869680">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock', window );">Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock_zGzEs7eggXki" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Note
19&#8212;<span id="xdx_822_zuw4TiEqenX1">Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted</span></span></p>

<p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&#8220;FASB&#8221;) issued Accounting Standards Update (&#8220;ASU&#8221;) No.
2024-03, <i>Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)</i>, to improve the
disclosures about an entity&#8217;s expenses including more detailed information about the types of expenses in commonly presented expense
captions. At each interim and annual reporting period, entities will disclose in tabular format disaggregating information about prescribed
categories underlying relevant income statement captions, as well as the total amount of selling expense and a description of the composition
of its selling expense. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU for its fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2027. The Company
is evaluating the impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, <i>Income Taxes (Topic 740)</i>, <i>Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures</i>,
primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disclosures as well as certain other amendments to income tax
disclosures. Entities will be required on an annual basis to consistently categorize and provide greater disaggregation of rate
reconciliation information and further disaggregate their income taxes paid. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU for
its fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2025. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a prospective basis, although
retrospective application is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial
statements.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">In
December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-08, <i>Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Crypto Assets (Subtopic 350-60)</i>, <i>Accounting
for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets</i>, that changes the accounting for crypto assets from a cost-less-impairment model to fair value,
with changes recognized in net income each reporting period. The ASU also requires enhanced disclosures including, among other things,
the name, cost basis, fair value, and number of units for each significant holding, and a rollforward of annual activity including additions,
dispositions, gains, and losses. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU for its fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2025. The
ASU requires a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of adoption. The Company is evaluating the
impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The entire disclosure for change in accounting principle. Includes, but is not limited to, nature, reason, and method of adopting amendment to accounting standards or other change in accounting principle.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476173/280-10-65-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(4)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 105<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479343/105-10-65-7<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 60<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 848<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483550/848-10-65-2<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(4)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 323<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 848<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483550/848-10-65-2<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 848<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483550/848-10-65-1<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(ii)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(iii)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(iv)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 11.M.Q2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480530/250-10-S99-5<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (i)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-4<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (e)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-4<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 926<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483194/926-20-65-2<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 926<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483194/926-20-65-2<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 926<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (f)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483194/926-20-65-2<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480530/250-10-S99-6<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/250/tableOfContent<br><br>Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 815<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (e)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>42
<FILENAME>R31.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468766747152">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Basis of Presentation (Policies)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription', window );">Reclassifications</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription_zfA9G5VxSKX5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><i><span id="xdx_866_zIf7aA35Rqsc">Reclassifications</span></i></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">From and after August 1, 2024, the Company reclassified certain customer funds for pending money transfers in its
consolidated financial statements. In the consolidated balance sheet at July 31, 2024, $<span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20240731__srt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_zEaXbE2WSsVf" title="Settlement liabilities">8.9</span> million previously included in &#8220;Settlement
liabilities&#8221; was reclassified to &#8220;Customer funds deposits,&#8221; and in the consolidated statements of cash flows in the
three months ended October 31, 2023, cash used for &#8220;Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, settlement liabilities, other current
liabilities, and other liabilities&#8221; of $<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__srt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_zvel8jM4EtHi" title="Customer funds deposits">0.7</span> million was reclassified to cash used for &#8220;Customer funds deposits&#8221;. These
amounts were reclassified to conform to the current year&#8217;s presentation.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">From
and after February 1, 2024, the Company reclassified most of its technology and development expenses from &#8220;Selling, general and
administrative&#8221; expense to a new &#8220;Technology and development&#8221; expense caption in the consolidated statements of income
and reclassified an amount that was immaterial in all periods to &#8220;Direct cost of revenues.&#8221; The following table shows the
amounts that were reclassified in the three months ended October 31, 2023 to conform to the current period&#8217;s presentation:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock_zWwcZQG94Jhh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B9_z9JvzkbiMJxh">Schedule
of Amount that were Reclassified</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_491_20240801__20241031_zJO62zg0J9wj" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling, general and administrative expense
    reclassified to:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--DirectCostofRevenuesMember_z5my8uBtlpm4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 80%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Direct
    cost of revenues</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">434</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsAhJJ4oIyz9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Technology
    and development expenses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,410</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsUpfxDfKIVj" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling,
    general and administrative expense</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,410</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disclosure of accounting policy for reclassification affecting comparability of financial statement. Excludes amendment to accounting standards, other change in accounting principle, and correction of error.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 205<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483504/205-10-50-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>43
<FILENAME>R32.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468757710416">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Basis of Presentation (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract', window );"><strong>Accounting Policies [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock_zWwcZQG94Jhh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B9_z9JvzkbiMJxh">Schedule
of Amount that were Reclassified</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_491_20240801__20241031_zJO62zg0J9wj" style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling, general and administrative expense
    reclassified to:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--DirectCostofRevenuesMember_z5my8uBtlpm4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 80%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Direct
    cost of revenues</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">434</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsAhJJ4oIyz9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Technology
    and development expenses</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,410</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsUpfxDfKIVj" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Selling,
    general and administrative expense</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,410</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of prior period adjustments to previously issued financial statements including (1) the effect of the correction on each financial statement line item and any per-share amounts affected for each prior period presented (2) the cumulative effect of the change on retained earnings or other appropriate components of equity or net assets in the statement of financial position, as of the beginning of the earliest period presented, and (3) the effect of the prior period adjustments (both gross and net of applicable income tax) on the net income of each prior period presented in the entity's annual report for the year in which the adjustments are made.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>44
<FILENAME>R33.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468856860096">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business Segment Information (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zBcpZIwSyFr5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
results for the business segments of the Company were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zoURLZLM3Yhb" style="display: none">Schedule
of Operating Results of Business Segments</span> &#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BE_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zOP9BVI6zqR9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BC_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zSW2Z15jtbL6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fintech</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B0_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_zZp0a7jDyElj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B2_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zHf9U4QDfut8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Traditional
    Communications</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_us-gaap--CorporateMember_zinPPjg94Pbh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Corporate</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BB_zLoel4FNRPQ9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three Months Ended October 31, 2024</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_434_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zBJO1BI9eTQc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 40%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">30,362</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">37,070</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,620</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">220,514</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0676">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">309,566</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_43D_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_zoQ5zHNjD70i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income (loss) from operations</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,613</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,236</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">999</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">15,672</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,880</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,640</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_435_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_di_zaENFPOcEy93" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation and amortization</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(960</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(735</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,557</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,972</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(17</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(5,241</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three Months Ended October 31, 2023</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_435_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zePNjOjwLZDe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,995</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">26,563</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">19,927</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$$230,720</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0697">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">301,205</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_430_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_z2piqOL9V34l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Income (loss) from operations</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,460</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,383</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(7</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">15,406</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,311</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">17,165</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_430_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_di_zyiky1Phy2Rk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Depreciation and amortization</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(735</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(693</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(1,440</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(2,148</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(31</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(5,047</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">)</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the profit or loss and total assets for each reportable segment. An entity discloses certain information on each reportable segment if the amounts (a) are included in the measure of segment profit or loss reviewed by the chief operating decision maker or (b) are otherwise regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker, even if not included in that measure of segment profit or loss.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-25<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>45
<FILENAME>R34.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468854099152">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revenue Recognition (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_zRhzElQV0hFg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table shows the Company&#8217;s revenues disaggregated by business segment and service offered to customers:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zJmfYSmG2Irc" style="display: none">Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240801__20241031_zeNu84q3B9U5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zeBsyCFKgOk6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zkQNp5dgtase" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">30,362</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,995</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zFcQiMaTV6G7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -1.35pt; padding-left: 11.55pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BOSS
    Money</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">33,693</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">24,239</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zFMZbBNLOm1l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -1.35pt; padding-left: 11.55pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">3,377</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">2,324</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zA9rhJ1irVg2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -0.15in; padding-left: 12pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    Fintech</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">37,070</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">26,563</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_z59GnQjYNwZg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -9.6pt; padding-left: 0.15in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,620</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">19,927</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTDigitalPaymentsMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zgWXAzEDGtfc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">IDT Digital Payments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">105,119</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">100,038</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zSA3wImlyLXe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">BOSS Revolution</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">56,842</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">71,170</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTGlobalMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zt6m7NMmwXM3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">IDT Global</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">52,375</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">52,034</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_z3O7dSEt3Nn8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 9.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,178</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,478</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zwulr7VPOv5e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -10.3pt; padding-left: 11.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    Traditional Communications</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">220,514</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230,720</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zOZnbQ9thnA7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: 0.7pt; padding-left: 0.15in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">309,566</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">301,205</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zmI4HPb71nYk" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: 0.7pt; padding-left: 0.15in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">309,566</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">301,205</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_zsuBFbqsoR3g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">The
following table shows the Company&#8217;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zVOWjyMAytNb" style="display: none">Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region</span><span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal">&#160;</span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BA_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zauJRBtRr811" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zr4jchhupaTj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fintech</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_zF7k1H2fsPHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_ziTMXaoOnUXd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Traditional
    Communications</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_zlFDD9Z7jbz" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three Months Ended October 31, 2024</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_437_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zgG4Nc0umrhg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 35%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">United States</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">30,362</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">35,889</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,293</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">165,221</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">243,765</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outside the United States:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_435_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zHVdTjDmUyb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">United Kingdom</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0762">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0763">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0764">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">47,957</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">47,957</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_436_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ztzT8xAz6kZh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0768">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,181</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,327</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,336</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">17,844</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_438_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zmqslYvisWC3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    outside the United States</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0774">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">1,181</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,327</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">55,293</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">65,801</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_437_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zJ1jAURaDqV6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">30,362</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">37,070</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">21,620</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">220,514</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">309,566</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BA_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zhKPGa4kxAbg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zm63IGPMffvj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Fintech</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_ziY0yqajcgu9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zsep3mO0QrJ2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Traditional
    Communications</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_z4SAjdujXB7a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><b>Three Months Ended October 31, 2023</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_437_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zDwvIy3oVeg1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 35%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">United States</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,995</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">25,834</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">10,688</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">163,068</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">223,585</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Outside the United States:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_434_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zkgHpn6AOi57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">United Kingdom</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0792">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0793">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0794">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">58,843</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">58,843</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_433_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zWnSa3jVBjc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0798">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">729</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,239</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">8,809</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">18,777</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_431_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zNRVCJ50tH5h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total
    outside the United States</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0804">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">729</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">9,239</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">67,652</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">77,620</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_436_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_z6Gs4DPhDVPh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,995</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">26,563</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">19,927</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230,720</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">301,205</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_43E_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ztZ1C7ynCRAi" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenues</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">23,995</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">26,563</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">19,927</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">230,720</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">301,205</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock_ziNyHAU5FH41" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table includes revenue by business segment expected to be recognized in the future from performance obligations that were unsatisfied
or partially unsatisfied as of October 31, 2024. The table excludes contracts that had an original expected duration of one year or less.</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BC_zaBnNKrHJDo5" style="display: none">Schedule
of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20241031__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zNCZ2nuEB754" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">National
    Retail Solutions</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20241031__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zxTem6WAEtR6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">net2phone</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20241031_zImR63AYFXZf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Twelve-month period ending October 31:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2025-11-01_zfaDgn0WdKr2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 46%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2025-11-01_ztdpkDsGzpF" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P1Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0828">2025</span></span></span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">6,920</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">39,399</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">46,319</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2026-11-01_z0WWRwBkhBW9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2026-11-01_zGWnKkFjjH11" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P1Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0834">2026</span></span></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,743</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">19,095</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">24,838</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2027-11-01_zoeXEG8T2g0h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2027-11-01_zcsJlNWK5Pmc" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P0Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0840">Thereafter</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">5,545</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">7,284</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">12,829</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2024-10-31_zlus9PvKtmd7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2024-10-31_zWEXDwNGCsQl" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P0Y"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0846">Total</span></span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">18,208</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">65,778</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">83,986</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_zF47CxzOzL29" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table presents information about the Company&#8217;s contract liability balance:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B1_zH3oOzmzAFhd" style="display: none">Schedule
of Information About Contract Liabilities</span> &#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20240801__20241031_zd83Ixy1NsOh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20230801__20231031_z6QbBvWAPVFc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">(in thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn3n3_zmXd12O9K6Ad" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Revenue
    recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">13,600</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">16,089</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_z8fPqxNshWUf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BC_z7s9MZQHT341" style="display: none">Schedule of Deferred
Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20241031_z6cYDaU3EBt8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31,<br/>
    2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20240731_ztE7iDOJgIP6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31,<br/>
    2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zO91caBJexCh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred customer
    contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,948</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,823</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zewGvE1GiqSc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Deferred
    customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other assets&#8221;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,549</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,276</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCCNzHg2_zMBG7kn3O2Di" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9,497</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">9,099</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_891_ecustom--AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_zqUP8ojatLJ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs during the periods were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BE_zCQcXqcN7N57" style="display: none">Schedule
of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240801__20241031_zqzvP79ubMog" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zfDh0L9Hzv9d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn3n3_zd9o1teLWWX7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Amortization
    of deferred customer contract acquisition costs</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,498</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,215</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amortization Of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs [Table Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of cost capitalized in obtaining or fulfilling contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479483/340-40-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of receivable, contract asset, and contract liability from contract with customer. Includes, but is not limited to, change in contract asset and contract liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-10<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of revenue from external customers by geographic areas attributed to the entity's country of domicile and to foreign countries from which the entity derives revenue.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 41<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-41<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of expected timing for satisfying remaining performance obligation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 606<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of entity-wide revenues from external customers for each product or service or each group of similar products or services if the information is not provided as part of the reportable operating segment information.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-40<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>46
<FILENAME>R35.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759210112">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company&#8217;s Operating Leases</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zDfkMcN1jNgb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#8217;s operating leases were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B6_ztO6McD2FYVg" style="display: none">Schedule of Supplemental
Disclosures Related to the Company&#8217;s Operating Leases</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20240801__20241031_zdP7ZADFTyG1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2024</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20230801__20231031_zbRH4D4E7sHh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2023</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2024</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2023</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn3n3_z55qfi6WLOa3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating lease
    cost</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">601</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">758</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ShortTermLeaseCost_pn3n3_zZcvLSCF7QP9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Short-term
    lease cost</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">258</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">326</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_pn3n3_z1GPA7qkvSKb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    lease cost</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">859</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,084</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash paid for amounts included
    in the measurement of lease liabilities:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zjYuzjboLDTc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
    cash flows from operating leases</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">614</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">791</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zTq3bEbLceb7" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases </span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">614</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">791</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
</table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_893_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zhdviNaAKtc9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zWAeTzN3vdle" style="display: none">Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October
                                            31,<br/> 2024</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
                                            31,<br/> 2024</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted-average
    remaining lease term-operating leases</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20241031_zTVdUZN6eME9" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term">2.5</span>
                                            years</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20240731_zy1jB6cVoj0e" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term">2.6</span>
                                            years</span></td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Weighted-average
    discount rate-operating leases</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20241031_zBo7DnU9Odl5" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent">5.7</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20240731_z09EY1Yclooa" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent">5.6</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">%</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89B_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zsGs857t9vh2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
Company&#8217;s aggregate operating lease liability was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zazlYJ97rgW2" style="display: none">Schedule of Aggregate
Operating Lease Liability</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20241031_ze4vFJ4splrl" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October
                                            31,<br/> 2024</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240731_zcBnjq466lU" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
                                            31,<br/> 2024</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><b>(in thousands)</b></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zvN0JlMT8z8j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating lease
    liabilities included in &#8220;<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_iI_dxL_c20240731_zrS103F82HI6" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherLiabilitiesCurrent"><span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_iI_dxL_c20241031_zxW4U7OW2K16" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherLiabilitiesCurrent"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0910"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0911">Other current liabilities</span></span></span></span>&#8221;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,640</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,866</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zVVirZdyfuE9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Operating
    lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,566</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,533</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzDbj_z5Qi265PMjg9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,206</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,399</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zZVGHGkVXHo1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B6_zj958iyN33mh" style="display: none">Schedule
of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities</span>&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20241031_zvkBjO71tjPe"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Twelve-month period ending October 31:</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zeY0PKqxdgQl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 84%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2025</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,768</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zHBYaB8B6zMd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2026</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">801</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z1z3sD6E9Ihl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2027</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">500</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z2AkBfjJNvN4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2028</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">198</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z4G9ghN7z602" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2029</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">186</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zbttOgIBTord" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 0pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Thereafter</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">15</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzXtU_zoSDAKqd5Ot9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    lease payments</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,468</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zZxu6sqW0NVl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Less
    imputed interest</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(262</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    operating lease liabilities</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,206</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Schedule of Operating Lease Liability [Table Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Schedule of supplemental disclosures related weighted average operating leases [Table Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of lessee's lease cost. Includes, but is not limited to, interest expense for finance lease, amortization of right-of-use asset for finance lease, operating lease cost, short-term lease cost, variable lease cost and sublease income.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of undiscounted cash flows of lessee's operating lease liability. Includes, but is not limited to, reconciliation of undiscounted cash flows to operating lease liability recognized in statement of financial position.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>47
<FILENAME>R36.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468760018992">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zUXpxGnJoin2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span id="xdx_8BA_zZp4yESkbK7g" style="display: none">Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20241031_z90I9ocNykza" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240731_zyu8Ah67vxL" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zDJxy9OxDKg6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Cash and cash
    equivalents</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">148,019</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">164,557</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zY4ZCwbhezPc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Restricted
    cash and cash equivalents</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">95,194</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">90,899</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzDIV_zKRbuuxeHqB1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total
    cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">243,213</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">255,456</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock_zWeUfuYIWPQd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in">Restricted cash and cash equivalents included the following:</p><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span id="xdx_8B8_zRu8LkopQAfg" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Schedule
                                            of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents</span></p>
<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20241031_zvTniIPo4Qn8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20240731_ztBPWRhltbNf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31,</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember_zCHluQZ5guj9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left">IDT Financial Services (Gibraltar)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">79,747</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right">83,284</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__custom--DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember_zgEkTARzdvzj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Disbursement payments VIE</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">15,289</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,426</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentOtherMember_zODRAvAh6bY2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">158</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">189</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_zoq7I4fBXHXg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total restricted cash and cash equivalents</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">95,194</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">90,899</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>
<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of cash and cash equivalents.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(1)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>48
<FILENAME>R37.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758305984">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Debt Securities (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_z1QJU7yVZkGk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span id="xdx_8BA_zEsdWg814bUj" style="display: none">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Amortized
    Cost</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Gross
    Unrealized Gains</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Gross
    Unrealized Losses</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in thousands)</b></span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; width: 36%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zBpbcUDY0BL3" style="text-align: right; width: 12%" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">20,568</span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zBvrBqGu0BVe" style="text-align: right; width: 12%" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16</span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zyG8KOSFG4b4" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(52</span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zmdBBpTdUMOe" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">20,532</span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Government
    sponsored enterprise notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_znYHmjRhmJDg" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,342</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zeqKFumxp8s5" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_z0pieVzClFEh" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0979">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zzG4cKqLY7Td" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,343</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zz57wj3SgHKh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,688</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zir8mO5nMAA3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zkUfUr62ae2c" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(290</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zyEqiAeJpJi2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,399</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_z8lcQdESimdi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">27,598</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zNnEyhSDZLVb" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031_zeFzHm82oCm2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(342</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zADO7qzqaGJl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">27,274</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zYW7uTE9cQP6" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16,641</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zK0mJqMKkWVi" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">10</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zvfCdddoMrC1" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(66</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_ztm2WxcS1la4" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">16,585</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Government
    sponsored enterprise notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zLULUTXdcCyh" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,356</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zDqcKdTb5X9i" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1002">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zCRNbeUeASK5" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zsZEQtcsBX7i" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,353</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zaG5pxiTYbBl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,821</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zmLWNay04lXj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z7XFlvw7bsfb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(322</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_ztdKOb9OtTHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,500</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zuAMRwrsjFVk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23,818</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_ziHlxkpXBEIc" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731_zYSgqj88ASQ8" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(391</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_z7qzV8Zulon2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">23,438</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_zDMYN6CAxXsc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;
The contractual maturities of the Company&#8217;s available-for-sale debt securities at October 31, 2024 were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span id="xdx_8B9_zu825T1AbdK6" style="display: none">Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20241031_zaKMruZH7Xjk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>(in
                                            thousands)</b></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zYjfgAQsHb02" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Within one year</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">20,752</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zvels4SupvR8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After one year through five
    years</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,562</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zv5Yo7ZXK3K" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After five years through ten
    years</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">923</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_z2EwPkWZ1Ppl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">After
    ten years</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">37</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDz3sI_z0sjVDktA9Hc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">27,274</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zFZZtJixcDDd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table includes the fair value of the Company&#8217;s available-for-sale debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BF_z3omZCr3WT7b" style="display: none">Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position</span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized
    Losses</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; width: 68%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zuD1NCeD3WJg" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">52</span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z7GamBuAj6xi" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">11,915</span></td><td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zqrdfzxk894i" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">290</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z4CLYOa7xhRf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,280</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zeRR9w7Z3Myh" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">342</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zCFjs55piE9a" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">15,195</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z0fF3iYwJP79" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">66</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z1sqRPC2zvB9" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">12,936</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Government
    sponsored enterprise notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__custom--GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_zNP8H8qxymSk" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__custom--GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_zW1hwPLK5DHf" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,634</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zKs8I8lBuHCl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">322</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zvAEEmYUhDQc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,310</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zQTRfAX2cIDi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">391</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_za5dZKylHO21" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">18,880</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock_z69u2gw05c79" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months
or longer:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span id="xdx_8B8_z1gMDfCg5hM9" style="display: none">Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized
    Losses</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Fair
    Value</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S.
    Treasury bills and notes</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zyplVtPMaBtl" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">42</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zUgN7OazvbFg" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,306</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zErjDNgBpbwj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">275</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zE3zVojLMBib" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,108</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zJsb5r9Bw1r6" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">317</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_z0FZtK4sMRf2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair Value"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,414</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July 31, 2024:</b></span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zUzxIPiBjeV2" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">60</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zB0HJWAhmRpb" style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,827</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Corporate
    bonds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zAeVO2jff9Of" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">307</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zD4XZUwmAAI2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">3,209</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Total</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zDYqz7SVkwb9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">367</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zwdhn3uQBAqi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair Value"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">8,036</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Schedule of unrealized loss on investment [Table Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-9<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (aa)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (aaa)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in unrealized loss position, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479081/326-30-55-8<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479106/326-30-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of marketable securities. This may consist of investments in certain debt and equity securities, short-term investments and other assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>49
<FILENAME>R38.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758330880">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity Investments (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Equity Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89D_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zRQGh72io4ok" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Equity
investments consist of the following:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_z9GmL1y7Qoq7" style="display: none">Schedule of Equity Investments</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20241031_zCh7BH5JFeY6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240731_z82GLLOWRlF9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>July
    31,<br/> 2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z6dOHApki1d4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Zedge, Inc. Class
    B common stock, <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_903_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_znBL7CbIgUga" title="Number of related party shares received"><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20230801__20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zw8y0HtSZRye" title="Number of related party shares received">42,282</span></span> shares at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">130</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">153</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zgzkyRwiRM26" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class
    B common stock, <span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_901_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20230801__20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z4A5lzAjG22h" title="Number of related party shares received"><span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_904_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zUrxVKTnZ1Df" title="Number of related party shares received">278,810</span></span> shares at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">516</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">416</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__custom--OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_zumUu73z1hkg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other marketable equity securities</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">53</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">70</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--MutualFundMember_zeIJZwNdw6I" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Fixed
    income mutual funds</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,372</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">4,370</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_zS06qOCyPRji" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Current
    equity investments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,071</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">5,009</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_z2I1DRZgxNoi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Visa Inc. Series C Convertible
    Participating Preferred Stock (&#8220;Visa Series C Preferred&#8221;)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">758</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">695</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zhPvFXxbYoD8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Visa Inc. Series A Convertible
    Participating Preferred Stock (&#8220;Visa Series A Preferred&#8221;)</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1098">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">877</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockMember_zrryMmol7LI6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Convertible preferred stock&#8212;equity
    method investment</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,231</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,338</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--HedgeFundsMember_zoyR26JjtSy8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Hedge funds</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,878</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,883</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--OtherInvestmentsMember_zijJRi8uDga8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2,225</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">725</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_zyDbQFnwK9b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Noncurrent
    equity investments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">7,092</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">6,518</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_z7hCg7cPASJc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#8217;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:</span></p>

<p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8BE_zuvlY09YZ5Qd" style="display: none">Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments</span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20240801__20241031_zzPsHqf2074b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20230801__20231031_z514LlVfWke2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"></span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zq3cFkwDFGG1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance, beginning of period</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">964</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,632</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_znJpLRQ8LyQi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Adjustment for observable
    transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">63</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(14</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zAjEkA5gBa4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Upward adjustment</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1131">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">129</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zLtEAo3Zr5Rk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Impairments</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1134">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1135">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zit6CPHLUY32" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Balance, end of the period</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,027</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">1,747</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zM8A4CmhvMM3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized
gains (losses) for all equity investments measured at fair value included the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in">&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B4_zElTzqlBnWHk">Schedule
of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20240801__20241031_zS3cMIB2b1z8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20230801__20231031_zYXQfC7wuVpf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three
                                            Months Ended<br/> October 31,</b></span></p> <p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(in
    thousands)</span></td><td style="font-weight: bold"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zINHnaT7RKkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Net gains (losses) recognized
    during the period on equity investments</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">378</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="width: 2%"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(917</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_zElrtCfR7M6k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Plus:
    net loss recognized during the period on equity investment sold during the period</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">2</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1146">&#8212;</span></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_z9EeJCaj6999" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Unrealized
    gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">380</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">$</span></td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(917</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">)</span></td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"></p>



<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
unrealized gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value in the table above included the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20240801__20241031_zNdGZJrYFuHg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2024</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20230801__20231031_zj1vyklCxsGk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>2023</b></span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Three Months Ended</b></span></p> <p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>October 31,</b></span></p></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>Unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_zP8H4OcyVvVe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 64%; text-align: left">Rafael Class B common stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">100</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">(62</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_zFXmeVuxjLYg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Zedge Class B common stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(23</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_ztm3SHY923Kc" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Equity securities unrealized gain loss</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(23</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(8</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
</table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock', window );">Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zlLJSrwtVDn8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s equity method investment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BB_zpwLyD49rkVg">Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments</span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20240801__20241031__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zcNac1Mfm1Gf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20230801__20231031__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_z7MlajXLFG11" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">1,338</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">2,784</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_z0Uv5jrCg1Za" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">673</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">672</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zcLx8YIPNBLb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity in the net loss of investee</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(438</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(670</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHleqQfICJEa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Amortization of equity method basis difference</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(342</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(342</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iE_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zIoNgbWsQTy9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, end of period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1,231</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">2,444</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of equity investment [Table Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of equity method investments including, but not limited to, name of each investee or group of investments, percentage ownership, difference between recorded amount of an investment and the value of the underlying equity in the net assets, and summarized financial information.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of unrealized gains and losses on investments.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>50
<FILENAME>R39.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759469424">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value Measurements (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_zV3NNIegEnQ5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B0_zezIl6bSvNag">Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis</span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Level 1 (1)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Level 2 (2)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Level 3 (3)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="14" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">October 31, 2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 36%; text-align: left">Debt securities</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zoJnUt02Bz31" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities">20,532</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z0AJLQaOO2Fk" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities">6,742</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zvclwVsRQrDl" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1195">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zYge7yvKawe4" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities">27,274</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity investments included in current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zYRs3tVWbKH3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">5,071</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zSnEdMGdt8jl" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1201">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zXFJgPV5o3Oi" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1203">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zTuWKW78jXB" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">5,071</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zXWwHV89Vjvl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1207">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zuNHjiaTf5sl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">2,000</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zCNZCLd1HTEb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">758</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_980_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDYsx2m1VlJc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">2,758</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zSQNrsifu078" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">25,603</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_znaz6HgAVf4k" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">8,742</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zkqc1UVHitHc" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">758</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDQK6kThXUQa" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">35,103</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Acquisition consideration included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zUOXJEIds3wf" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1223">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zxQxWBR16LL" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1225">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zGHxJnHsJLI3" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(290</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zdYtmZRoabti" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(290</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other noncurrent liabilities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zGXzAADqeQ5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1231">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zuFJwplEK8x4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1233">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_z1T1vzJhSIk2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(616</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zgwxS84KyzXi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(616</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zH82xMlsMJE9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1239">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zR7Lbep05W68" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1241">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zu60JKMwIX7h" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(906</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zyr0h6fhrule" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(906</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="font-weight: bold">July 31, 2024</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Debt securities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zkpqWIPwDvfj" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities">16,585</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zAk9zQez7GF5" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities">6,853</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zqJillaU541h" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1251">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z1TXnEFhftqd" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities">23,438</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity investments included in current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z93bDy4KeMeh" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">5,009</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z7BxuudolkS7" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1257">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zXJFZHGGPKH1" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1259">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zBazacZYyZw9" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets">5,009</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zsLhvbYvSeLc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1263">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z4XJZb1LPyL6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">1,377</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zmpCB4JtA31" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">695</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z4PhM5O5hHK2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets">2,072</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zOflCKA7a4r9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">21,594</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_za0MNFLtKH7j" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">8,230</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zYclHNK2Cb2c" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">695</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z00chcLdWWc6" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total">30,519</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Acquisition consideration included in:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other current liabilities</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zJuAW5ExzVzd" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1279">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zlVe9L9SuGz5" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1281">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zw9Ck35rT0Vb" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(222</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zJFtbTgCVky8" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities">(222</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Other noncurrent liabilities</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zy8hSZ2cKwLa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1287">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zod0oSB0RUll" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1289">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zKCOLzLNh7B9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(684</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zXj9bxRUpS5b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities">(684</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z79kXFuSlEme" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1295">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_981_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zpxvN477R33e" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1297">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zvIlHGBUZ9U7" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(906</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zFCsHTDFBfHg" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities">(906</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">
&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F02_zoU6vg6Uyypk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(1)</span></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F1F_zEptpx4k4Fof" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211; quoted
prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities</span></td>
</tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F05_zIe2qz614Fo4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(2)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F12_ze5l7e4kTCK5" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211; observable
inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities</span></td>
</tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"><tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
<td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"><span id="xdx_F0A_z7V9AFYwyi8e" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">(3)</span></td><td style="width: 5pt"></td><td style="text-align: justify"><span id="xdx_F13_zDVNa6tVnRqg" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#8211; no observable
pricing inputs in the market</span></td>
</tr></table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zX5iU9M0Nf3k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B1_zAsEOItcUBJ9" style="display: none">Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240801__20241031_zMxr2hHamyrj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zwF4mf7HTtZ7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">695</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">1,263</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1_pn3n3_zZ41xTgNF0fg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">Total gain (loss) included in &#8220;<span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20240801__20241031_zqg71FLzQmIc" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23NonoperatingIncomeExpense"><span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20230801__20231031_zOfks8xth0C3" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23NonoperatingIncomeExpense"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1317"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1318">Other expense, net</span></span></span></span>&#8221;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">63</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(14</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, end of period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">758</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">1,249</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_zM2oJfqp8lg8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1323">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1324">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zCYELGxY41bl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#8217;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B0_zU0Nkjcisifd" style="display: none">Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240801__20241031_zt7ibZ35dr6d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zikUjXBb7Ftd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_pn3n3_zpt7t3qpyNoi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Balance, beginning of period</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">906</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">4,805</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements_pn3n3_ztn5ytD8lLva" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>Payments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1331">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(214</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Total gain included in</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_pn3n3_zLGuDfEmhH77" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">&#8220;<span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20240801__20241031_z1qmaTEiWQB6" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax"><span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20230801__20231031_z4dWvM8EP5Z3" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1336"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1337">Foreign currency translation adjustment</span></span></span></span>&#8221;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1334">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(3</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, end of period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">906</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">4,588</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_zqPEcRFWDiN8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1342">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1343">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the fair value measurement of assets using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances, separately presenting changes during the period attributable to the following: (1) total gains or losses for the period (realized and unrealized), segregating those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) and gains or losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), and a description of where those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) are reported in the statement of income (or activities); (2) purchases, sales, issues, and settlements (each type disclosed separately); and (3) transfers in and transfers out of Level 3 (for example, transfers due to changes in the observability of significant inputs), by class of asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 101<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-101<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the fair value measurement of liabilities using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances, separately presenting changes attributable to the following: (1) total gains or losses for the period (realized and unrealized), segregating those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets), and gains or losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) and a description of where those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) are reported in the statement of income (or activities); (2) purchases, sales, issues, and settlements (each type disclosed separately); and (3) transfers in and transfers out of Level 3 (for example, transfers due to changes in the observability of significant inputs) by class of liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of assets and liabilities, including [financial] instruments measured at fair value that are classified in stockholders' equity, if any, that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The disclosures contemplated herein include the fair value measurements at the reporting date by the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements in their entirety fall, segregating fair value measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1), significant other observable inputs (Level 2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>51
<FILENAME>R40.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468854105184">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Variable Interest Entity (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_890_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zMNP3T7J1Fre" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s net income and aggregate funding provided by the Company were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BA_zXAawgPT1NFj" style="display: none">Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE</span>&#160;</span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20240801__20241031_zkchNoayjlsh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zOMjjxciyMQh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_pn3n3_zvza4YY7FLDl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Net income of the VIE</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">338</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">81</td><td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_pn3n3_zFpVlz5jZAMd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Aggregate funding provided by the Company, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">55</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">114</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock', window );">VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89B_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_zSHyMrY676vg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
VIE&#8217;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B7_z43gZYdnKqHi" style="display: none">VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet</span>&#160;</span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 92%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20241031__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zsFEzlnIsJE9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">October 31,<br/> 2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20240731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zghgQUBPlF2b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">July 31,<br/> 2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Assets:</b></span></td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Cash and equivalents</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">3,055</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">2,626</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Restricted cash</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">15,289</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">7,426</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Trade accounts receivable, net</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">127</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">74</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--DisbursementPrefunding_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Disbursement prefunding</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">1,323</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">2,587</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Prepaid expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">359</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">258</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Other current assets</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">265</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">294</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Property, plant, and equipment, net</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">163</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">179</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Other intangibles, net</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">546</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">584</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total assets</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">21,127</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">14,028</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left">Liabilities and noncontrolling interests:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Trade accounts payable</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1386">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">$</td><td style="text-align: right">4</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accrued expenses</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">160</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">124</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DepositLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_zE00Auv66RWg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Customer funds deposits</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">15,882</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">9,195</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Due to the Company</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">296</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">241</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Accumulated other comprehensive income</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">14</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">27</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Noncontrolling interests</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">4,775</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">4,437</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">21,127</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">14,028</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of condensed balance sheet, including, but not limited to, balance sheets of consolidated entities and consolidation eliminations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br> -Number 210<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection 04<br> -Paragraph a<br> -Publisher SEC<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-04(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>srt_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of condensed income statement, including, but not limited to, income statements of consolidated entities and consolidation eliminations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Name Regulation S-X (SX)<br> -Number 210<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection 04<br> -Paragraph a<br> -Publisher SEC<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-04(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>srt_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>52
<FILENAME>R41.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759205440">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Operating Gain, Net (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_892_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zRvqxKLq8I2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
following table summarizes the other operating gain, net by business segment:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B3_zAWw7rnSz7tj" style="display: none">Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net</span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20240801__20241031_zaSg79pc1H6g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zzEFGae61Y9a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LegalFees_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzGym_z2E85ZrTdSO2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1411">&#8212;</span></td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">(212</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_pn3n3_maOOIENzGym_zGuoVhNXNx3k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1414">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">684</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--CorporateOther_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzGym_zHonTbgMt0qc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Corporate&#8212;other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1417">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">12</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_iT_pn3n3_mtOOIENzGym_zxFgUmhn6Mn9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1420">&#8212;</span></td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">484</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of other operating (expenses) gains, net [Tabel Text Block]</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>53
<FILENAME>R42.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758579952">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract', window );"><strong>Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity&#8217;s Noncontrolling Interest</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock_zvoPOjFByyR3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span style="display: none"><span id="xdx_8B6_zAzGPgPhUq6c">Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity&#8217;s Noncontrolling Interest</span></span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 92%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zdQQl94tZWXg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zWlYjOOvba6l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest_pn3n3_zy4BNUUkSr4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 64%; text-align: left">Net income of NRS attributable to the mezzanine equity&#8217;s noncontrolling interest</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">138</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right">107</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of redeemable noncontrolling interest (as defined) included in the statement of financial position as either a liability or temporary equity. As of the date of the statement of financial position, such redeemable noncontrolling interest is currently redeemable, as defined, for cash or other assets of the entity at (1) at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date, (2) at the option of the holder of the noncontrolling interest, or (3) upon occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>54
<FILENAME>R43.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758316016">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Earnings Per Share (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zbFkGf9UvF65" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#8217;s
common stockholders consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8B8_zbjzKJFWtrjh" style="display: none">Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share</span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20240801__20241031_zmg5cNBfD2Ca" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zfxbQdWz8vN5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pn3n3_zMVlykajneq6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%">Basic weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">25,204</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">25,178</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Effect of dilutive securities:</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_pn3n3_zzBbZCC3gSLi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left">Stock options</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right"><span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1490">&#8212;</span></td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">3</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_pn3n3_zPvKu500Euqc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Non-vested restricted Class B common stock</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">159</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">96</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pn3n3_zd15vPKohEod" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Diluted weighted-average number of shares</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">25,363</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">25,277</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the effect of income (loss) on an entity's diluted earnings per share.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 52<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482635/260-10-55-52<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>55
<FILENAME>R44.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468766665456">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract', window );"><strong>Equity:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss)</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_zpJ8vuAKXgZ9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">The
accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_8BD_z1cMbNvDQOS2" style="display: none">Schedule
of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss)</span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto">
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Unrealized Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities</b></span></p> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Foreign Currency Translation</b></span></p> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"><p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><b>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</b></span></p> </td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="10" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 46%">Balance, July 31, 2024</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zLyfzwkMg3p7" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss">(380</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zlAR92uLPgN5" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss">(17,762</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_z9rHfPJH9jJg" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss">(18,142</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt">Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to IDT Corporation</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zYOcV7UNTQF7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation">56</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zeM1Y6t9kxtc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation">(1,623</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_zE90Rxcz4mM5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation">(1,567</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Balance, October 31, 2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zTGX2IZPM9z9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss">(324</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_z1U0dWYZcqv3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss">(19,385</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_z4Oi6cpblSje" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss">(19,709</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-14A<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481674/830-30-50-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>56
<FILENAME>R45.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758088352">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Other Expense, Net (Tables)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock', window );">Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net</a></td>
<td class="text"><p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_zVRszNKZmOlk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Other
expense, net consists of the following:</span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">&#160;<span id="xdx_8B2_zH2yqIdqcR4a" style="display: none">Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net</span></span></span></span></span></span></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-left: auto">
  <tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240801__20241031_zwNaHACCQyN" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20230801__20231031_zafw8q4kjpwg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
<tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">Three Months Ended<br/> October 31,</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2024</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold">2023</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom">
    <td>&#160;</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td>
    <td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold">(in thousands)</td><td style="font-weight: bold">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_z3wVWCVjFZWl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="width: 64%; text-align: left">Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">135</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="width: 2%">&#160;</td>
    <td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">$</td><td style="width: 14%; text-align: right">(3,499</td><td style="width: 1%; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_z6LwQErlk9I6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="text-align: left">Equity in net loss of investee</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(780</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(1,012</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--GainLossOnInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_zxTjoQlRVZP8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td style="text-align: left">Gains (losses) on investments</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">378</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">(917</td><td style="text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OtherIncome_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_zvjid3RppXMk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">Other</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(16</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right">(158</td><td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)">
    <td>&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td>&#160;</td>
    <td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: right">&#160;</td><td style="text-align: left">&#160;</td></tr>
  <tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_iT_pn3n3_mtNIEzeRA_zYKyz6ErNKb4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White">
    <td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt">Total</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(283</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt">&#160;</td>
    <td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left">$</td><td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right">(5,586</td><td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left">)</td></tr>
  </table>

<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Tabular disclosure of the components of non-operating income or non-operating expense that may include amounts earned from dividends, interest on securities, gains (losses) on securities sold, equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net gain (loss) on sales of business, interest expense and other miscellaneous income or expense items.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:textBlockItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>57
<FILENAME>R46.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468756862992">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Product Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative expense</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 71,051<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 64,378<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RestatementAxis=srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember', window );">Previously Reported [Member] | Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Product Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative expense</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">434<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RestatementAxis=srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember', window );">Previously Reported [Member] | Technology and Development Expense [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Product Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense', window );">Selling, general and administrative expense</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,410<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%"><tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stock-based
  compensation included in: Technology and development expense &amp; Selling, general and administrative expense</span></td>
</tr></table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RestatementAxis=srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RestatementAxis=srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>58
<FILENAME>R47.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468756738336">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Basis of Presentation (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Settlement liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,710<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,764<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities', window );">Customer funds deposits</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (12,771)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (6,285)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RestatementAxis=srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember', window );">Previously Reported [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Settlement liabilities</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,900<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities', window );">Customer funds deposits</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 700<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_OwnershipAxis=IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember', window );">net2phone 2.0, Inc. [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent', window );">Ownership percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">94.00%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent', window );">Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">90.30%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_OwnershipAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember', window );">National Retail Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent', window );">Ownership percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">81.50%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent', window );">Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">79.30%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amounts payable to vendors for goods and services received and the amount of obligations and expenses incurred but not paid.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The parent entity's interest in net assets of the subsidiary, expressed as a percentage.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amounts payable for money transfers, money orders, and consumer payment service arrangements. Settlement liabilities include amounts payable to intermediaries for global payment transfers.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RestatementAxis=srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RestatementAxis=srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_OwnershipAxis=IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_OwnershipAxis=IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_OwnershipAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_OwnershipAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>59
<FILENAME>R48.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468760524016">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 309,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 301,205<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income (loss) from operations</a></td>
<td class="nump">23,640<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,165<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(5,241)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(5,047)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember', window );">National Retail Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">30,362<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,995<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income (loss) from operations</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,613<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,460<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(960)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(735)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">37,070<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,563<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income (loss) from operations</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,236<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,383)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(735)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(693)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">21,620<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,927<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income (loss) from operations</a></td>
<td class="nump">999<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(7)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,557)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,440)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">220,514<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">230,720<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income (loss) from operations</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,672<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">15,406<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,972)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,148)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateMember', window );">Corporate Segment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss', window );">Income (loss) from operations</a></td>
<td class="num">(2,880)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(2,311)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization', window );">Depreciation and amortization</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (17)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (31)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The current period expense charged against earnings on long-lived, physical assets not used in production, and which are not intended for resale, to allocate or recognize the cost of such assets over their useful lives; or to record the reduction in book value of an intangible asset over the benefit period of such asset; or to reflect consumption during the period of an asset that is not used in production.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 360<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482099/360-10-50-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 31<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-31<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 48<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 41<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-41<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 42<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-42<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-40<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 235<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-05(b)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477314/942-235-S99-1<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=us-gaap_CorporateMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>60
<FILENAME>R49.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758209040">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Business Segment Information (Details Narrative)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">15 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr><th class="th">
<div>Oct. 31, 2024 </div>
<div>Segments</div>
</th></tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract', window );"><strong>Segment Reporting [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments', window );">Number of reportable segments</a></td>
<td class="nump">4<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of segments reported by the entity. A reportable segment is a component of an entity for which there is an accounting requirement to report separate financial information on that component in the entity's financial statements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 47<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-47<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 54<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-54<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-18<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:integerItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>61
<FILENAME>R50.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468763982416">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 309,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 301,205<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember', window );">National Retail Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">30,362<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,995<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">37,070<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,563<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member] | BOSS Revolution Money Transfer [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">33,693<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,239<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member] | Other [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,377<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,324<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">21,620<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,927<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">220,514<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">230,720<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member] | Other [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,178<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,478<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member] | IDT Digital Payments [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">105,119<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">100,038<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member] | BOSS Revolution [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">56,842<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">71,170<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member] | IDT Global [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 52,375<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 52,034<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-5<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 48<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 41<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-41<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 42<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-42<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-40<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 235<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-05(b)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477314/942-235-S99-1<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_OtherMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_OtherMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTGlobalMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_IDTGlobalMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>62
<FILENAME>R51.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468756921152">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 309,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 301,205<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember', window );">National Retail Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">30,362<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,995<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember', window );">Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">37,070<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">26,563<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">21,620<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">19,927<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember', window );">Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">220,514<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">230,720<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US', window );">UNITED STATES</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">243,765<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">223,585<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US', window );">UNITED STATES | National Retail Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">30,362<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,995<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US', window );">UNITED STATES | Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">35,889<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,834<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US', window );">UNITED STATES | Net2 phone [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,293<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10,688<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US', window );">UNITED STATES | Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">165,221<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">163,068<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_GB', window );">UNITED KINGDOM</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">47,957<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,843<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_GB', window );">UNITED KINGDOM | National Retail Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_GB', window );">UNITED KINGDOM | Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_GB', window );">UNITED KINGDOM | Net2 phone [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_GB', window );">UNITED KINGDOM | Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">47,957<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">58,843<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=IDT_OthersMember', window );">Others [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">17,844<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,777<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=IDT_OthersMember', window );">Others [Member] | National Retail Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=IDT_OthersMember', window );">Others [Member] | Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,181<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">729<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=IDT_OthersMember', window );">Others [Member] | Net2 phone [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,327<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,239<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=IDT_OthersMember', window );">Others [Member] | Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,336<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,809<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=us-gaap_NonUsMember', window );">Non-US [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">65,801<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">77,620<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=us-gaap_NonUsMember', window );">Non-US [Member] | National Retail Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=us-gaap_NonUsMember', window );">Non-US [Member] | Fintech [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,181<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">729<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=us-gaap_NonUsMember', window );">Non-US [Member] | Net2 phone [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">9,327<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,239<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=us-gaap_NonUsMember', window );">Non-US [Member] | Traditional Communications [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems', window );"><strong>Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Revenues', window );">Revenues</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 55,293<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 67,652<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-5<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 91<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Revenues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 48<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 41<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-41<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 42<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-42<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 40<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-40<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 235<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-05(b)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477314/942-235-S99-1<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Revenues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_FintechMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_US</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_GB">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=country_GB</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=IDT_OthersMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=IDT_OthersMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=us-gaap_NonUsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StatementGeographicalAxis=us-gaap_NonUsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>63
<FILENAME>R52.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468760165728">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment (Details)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Oct. 31, 2024 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2024-10-31', window );">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-10-31</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 83,986<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1', window );">Remaining Performance Obligations, Years</a></td>
<td class="text">0 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2025-11-01', window );">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-11-01</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 46,319<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1', window );">Remaining Performance Obligations, Years</a></td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2026-11-01', window );">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2026-11-01</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 24,838<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1', window );">Remaining Performance Obligations, Years</a></td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2027-11-01', window );">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2027-11-01</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 12,829<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1', window );">Remaining Performance Obligations, Years</a></td>
<td class="text">0 years<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember', window );">National Retail Solutions [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-10-31</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 18,208<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember', window );">National Retail Solutions [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-11-01</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">6,920<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember', window );">National Retail Solutions [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2026-11-01</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,743<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember', window );">National Retail Solutions [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2027-11-01</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,545<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-10-31</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">65,778<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2025-11-01</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">39,399<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2026-11-01</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">19,095<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember', window );">Net2 phone [Member] | Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2027-11-01</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems', window );"><strong>Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 7,284<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of transaction price allocated to performance obligation that has not been recognized as revenue.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 606<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Period in which remaining performance obligation is expected to be recognized as revenue, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)(1)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 606<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2024-10-31">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2024-10-31</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2025-11-01">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2025-11-01</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2026-11-01">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2026-11-01</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2027-11-01">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis=2027-11-01</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis=IDT_Net2phoneMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>64
<FILENAME>R53.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468763044848">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized', window );">Revenue recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 13,600<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 16,089<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue recognized that was previously included in balance of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration from customer has been received or is due.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 606<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-8<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>65
<FILENAME>R54.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758321296">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent', window );">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other current assets&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,948<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,823<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent', window );">Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in &#8220;Other assets&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,549<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,276<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,497<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,099<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479483/340-40-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer; classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479483/340-40-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer; classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479483/340-40-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>66
<FILENAME>R55.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759094672">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract', window );"><strong>Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization', window );">Amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,498<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,215<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of amortization expense for asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479483/340-40-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>67
<FILENAME>R56.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758733104">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company&#8217;s Operating Leases (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost', window );">Operating lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 601<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 758<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost', window );">Short-term lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">258<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">326<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LeaseCost', window );">Total lease cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">859<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,084<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments', window );">Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 614<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 791<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lease cost recognized by lessee for lease contract.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479589/842-20-55-53<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of single lease cost, calculated by allocation of remaining cost of lease over remaining lease term. Includes, but is not limited to, single lease cost, after impairment of right-of-use asset, calculated by amortization of remaining right-of-use asset and accretion of lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479589/842-20-55-53<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow from operating lease, excluding payments to bring another asset to condition and location necessary for its intended use.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-5<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of short-term lease cost, excluding expense for lease with term of one month or less.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479589/842-20-55-53<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>68
<FILENAME>R57.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758573936">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases (Details)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1', window );">Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term</a></td>
<td class="text">2 years 6 months<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">2 years 7 months 6 days<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent', window );">Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent</a></td>
<td class="nump">5.70%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5.60%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average discount rate for operating lease calculated at point in time.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479589/842-20-55-53<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(4)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Weighted average remaining lease term for operating lease, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479589/842-20-55-53<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>69
<FILENAME>R58.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759467984">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent', window );">Operating lease liabilities included in &#8220;Other current liabilities&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,640<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,866<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList', window );">Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]</a></td>
<td class="text">Other current liabilities<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Other current liabilities<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,533<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,206<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,399<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates line item in statement of financial position that includes current operating lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>enum2:enumerationSetItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>70
<FILENAME>R59.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759923792">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract', window );"><strong>Leases</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths', window );">2025</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,768<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo', window );">2026</a></td>
<td class="nump">801<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree', window );">2027</a></td>
<td class="nump">500<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour', window );">2028</a></td>
<td class="nump">198<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive', window );">2029</a></td>
<td class="nump">186<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive', window );">Thereafter</a></td>
<td class="nump">15<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue', window );">Total lease payments</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,468<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount', window );">Less imputed interest</a></td>
<td class="num">(262)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Total operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,206<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,399<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due after fifth rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in fifth rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in fourth rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in third rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in second rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in next rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments in excess of discounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>71
<FILENAME>R60.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468766706944">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Leases (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability', window );">Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember', window );">Minimum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract', window );">Lessee, operating lease, term of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">1 year<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember', window );">Maximum [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract', window );">Lessee, operating lease, term of contract</a></td>
<td class="text">5 years<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Term of lessee's operating lease, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:durationItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of increase in right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for operating lease liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 53<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479589/842-20-55-53<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MinimumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_RangeAxis=srt_MaximumMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>72
<FILENAME>R61.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759121168">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 148,019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 164,557<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">95,194<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">90,899<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents', window );">Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 243,213<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 255,456<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 208,453<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 198,823<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 24<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>73
<FILENAME>R62.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759120912">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems', window );"><strong>Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents', window );">Total restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 95,194<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 90,899<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember', window );">IDT Financial Services Gibraltar [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems', window );"><strong>Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents', window );">Total restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">79,747<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">83,284<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember', window );">Disbursement Payments VIE [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems', window );"><strong>Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents', window );">Total restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,289<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,426<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember', window );">Financial Instrument, Other [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems', window );"><strong>Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents', window );">Total restricted cash and cash equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 158<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 189<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479319/326-20-50-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8<br><br>Reference 4: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(1)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis=us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>74
<FILENAME>R63.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468764108576">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 27,598<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 23,818<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="nump">18<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">11<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="num">(342)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(391)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale</a></td>
<td class="nump">27,274<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,438<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember', window );">US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">20,568<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,641<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="nump">16<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">10<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="num">(52)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(66)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale</a></td>
<td class="nump">20,532<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,585<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember', window );">US Government-sponsored Enterprises Debt Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,342<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,356<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(3)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,343<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,353<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember', window );">Corporate Bond Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,688<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,821<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax</a></td>
<td class="num">(290)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(322)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,399<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,500<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before tax, of unrealized gain in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before tax, of unrealized loss in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amortized cost of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479130/326-30-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 103<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-103<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 100<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(2)(i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (aa)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481830/320-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(6))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479130/326-30-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>75
<FILENAME>R64.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468766704496">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue', window );">Within one year</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 20,752<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue', window );">After one year through five years</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,562<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue', window );">After five years through ten years</a></td>
<td class="nump">923<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue', window );">After ten years</a></td>
<td class="nump">37<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 27,274<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 23,438<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing in sixth through tenth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477268/942-320-50-3A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing in second through fifth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477268/942-320-50-3A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing after tenth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477268/942-320-50-3A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing in next fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477268/942-320-50-3A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 103<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-103<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 100<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(2)(i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (aa)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481830/320-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(6))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479130/326-30-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>76
<FILENAME>R65.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468853192416">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 342<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 391<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,195<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">18,880<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember', window );">US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">52<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">66<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="nump">11,915<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12,936<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember', window );">Corporate Bond Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">290<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">322<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,280<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,310<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember', window );">Government Sponsored Enterprise Notes [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition', window );">Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,634<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in unrealized loss position without allowance for credit loss.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479081/326-30-55-8<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479106/326-30-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated unrealized loss on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in unrealized loss position, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479106/326-30-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>77
<FILENAME>R66.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758092864">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss', window );">Unrealized Losses</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 317<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 367<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger', window );">Fair Value</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,414<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,036<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember', window );">US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss', window );">Unrealized Losses</a></td>
<td class="nump">42<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">60<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger', window );">Fair Value</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,306<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,827<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember', window );">Corporate Bond Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss', window );">Unrealized Losses</a></td>
<td class="nump">275<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">307<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger', window );">Fair Value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,108<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 3,209<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in continuous unrealized loss position for more than 12 months, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479081/326-30-55-8<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479106/326-30-50-5<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of accumulated unrealized loss on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479106/326-30-50-5<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis=us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>78
<FILENAME>R67.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468766536256">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Debt Securities (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract', window );"><strong>Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities', window );">Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 9.9<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 17.1<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from sale, maturity, prepayment and call of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481830/320-10-45-11<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-11<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>79
<FILENAME>R68.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468764100880">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,071<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 5,009<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">7,092<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,518<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember', window );">Other Marketable Equity Securities [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">53<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">70<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_MutualFundMember', window );">Mutual Fund [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,372<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,370<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember', window );">Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,231<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,338<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember', window );">Hedge Funds [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,878<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,883<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember', window );">Other Investments [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">2,225<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">725<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | Rafael Holdings Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">516<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">416<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | Zedge Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi', window );">Current equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">130<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">153<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember', window );">Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member] | Visa Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">758<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">695<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember', window );">Series A Convertible Preferred Stock [Member] | Visa Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments', window );">Noncurrent equity investments</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 877<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI), classified as current.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482736/825-10-45-1A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LongTermInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount of investments that are intended to be held for an extended period of time (longer than one operating cycle).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(12))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LongTermInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_MutualFundMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_MutualFundMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis=us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_ZedgeIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_ZedgeIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_VisaIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_VisaIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>80
<FILENAME>R69.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468853400928">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) (Parenthetical) - Common Class B [Member] - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Rafael Holdings Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived', window );">Number of related party shares received</a></td>
<td class="nump">278,810<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">278,810<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Zedge Inc [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived', window );">Number of related party shares received</a></td>
<td class="nump">42,282<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,282<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of related party shares received.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_ZedgeIncMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_ZedgeIncMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>81
<FILENAME>R70.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468760128192">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract', window );"><strong>Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount', window );">Balance, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 964<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,632<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer', window );">Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer</a></td>
<td class="nump">63<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(14)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount', window );">Upward adjustment</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">129<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount', window );">Impairments</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount', window );">Balance, end of the period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,027<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,747<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Adjustment for observable transactions involving similar investment from same issuer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of impairment loss on investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain from upward price adjustment on investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>82
<FILENAME>R71.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468760084288">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss', window );">Net gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 378<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (917)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed', window );">Plus: net loss recognized during the period on equity investment sold during the period</a></td>
<td class="nump">2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss', window );">Equity securities unrealized gain loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">380<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(917)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember', window );">Rafael Class B Common Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss', window );">Equity securities unrealized gain loss</a></td>
<td class="nump">100<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(62)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember', window );">Zedge Class B Common Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss', window );">Equity securities unrealized gain loss</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (23)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (8)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity securities fvni recognized gain loss net on equity securities redeemed.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrealized and realized gain (loss) on investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(3)(d))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrealized gain (loss) on investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(3)(d)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 321<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>83
<FILENAME>R72.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468855193968">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems', window );"><strong>Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 673<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 672<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Equity in the net loss of investee</a></td>
<td class="num">(780)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,012)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember', window );">Equity Method Investee [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems', window );"><strong>Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments', window );">Balance, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,338<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,784<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">673<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">672<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Equity in the net loss of investee</a></td>
<td class="num">(438)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(670)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference', window );">Amortization of equity method basis difference</a></td>
<td class="num">(342)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(342)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments', window );">Balance, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,231<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,444<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amortization of equity method basis difference.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>This item represents the carrying amount on the entity's balance sheet of its investment in common stock of an equity method investee. This is not an indicator of the fair value of the investment, rather it is the initial cost adjusted for the entity's share of earnings and losses of the investee, adjusted for any distributions (dividends) and other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses recognized.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481664/323-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(10))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-25<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) for proportionate share of equity method investee's income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(10))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481664/323-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(12))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(13)(f))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the purchase of or advances to an equity method investments, which are investments in joint ventures and entities in which the entity has an equity ownership interest normally of 20 to 50 percent and exercises significant influence.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis=us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>84
<FILENAME>R73.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468756911296">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity Investments (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Aug. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 30, 2016</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares', window );">Owned shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,830<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities', window );">Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemption of equity investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 9,878<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 17,067<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity', window );">Equity method investment, aggregate cost</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 8,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment', window );">Equity method investment, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">These basis differences are being
amortized over the 6-year estimated life of the customer list.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 673<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 672<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis=IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember', window );">Equity Method Investment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage', window );">Ownership percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">33.40%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33.40%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33.40%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_PreferredStockMember', window );">Preferred Stock [Member] | Equity Method Investment [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Purchase of convertible preferred stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember', window );">Visa Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares', window );">Owned shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">33<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember', window );">Visa Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member] | Visa Class A Common Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares', window );">Owned shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities', window );">Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemption of equity investments</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 900<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Difference between amount at which an investment accounted for under the equity method of accounting is carried (reported) on the balance sheet and amount of underlying equity in net assets the reporting Entity has in the investee.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the accounting treatment for the difference between the amount at which an investment accounted for under the equity method of accounting is reported on the balance sheet and the amount of underlying equity in net assets the reporting entity has in the investee.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(3)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The percentage of ownership of common stock or equity participation in the investee accounted for under the equity method of accounting.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares of investment owned.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477439/946-210-55-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-12(Column B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-12B(Column B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-3<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-14(Column B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash outflow associated with the purchase of or advances to an equity method investments, which are investments in joint ventures and entities in which the entity has an equity ownership interest normally of 20 to 50 percent and exercises significant influence.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The cash inflow associated with the aggregate amount received by the entity through sale or maturity of marketable securities (held-to-maturity or available-for-sale) during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis=IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis=IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_PreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_PreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>85
<FILENAME>R74.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468757475712">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="2" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">$ 27,274<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 23,438<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember', window );">Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">27,274<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">23,438<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset', window );">Equity investments included in current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">5,071<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,009<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets', window );">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,758<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,072<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="nump">35,103<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,519<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(290)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(222)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(616)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(684)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="num">(906)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(906)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member', window );">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member] | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">20,532<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">16,585<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset', window );">Equity investments included in current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">5,071<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">5,009<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets', window );">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">25,603<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">21,594<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[1]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member', window );">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member] | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">6,742<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,853<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset', window );">Equity investments included in current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets', window );">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">2,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">1,377<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">8,742<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,230<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[2]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member', window );">Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member] | Fair Value, Recurring [Member]</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems', window );"><strong>Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup></sup></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities', window );">Debt securities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset', window );">Equity investments included in current assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets', window );">Equity investments included in noncurrent assets</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">758<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">695<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="nump">758<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">695<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(290)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(222)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="num">(616)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(684)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities', window );">Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities</a></td>
<td class="th" style="border-bottom: 0px;"><sup>[3]</sup></td>
<td class="num">$ (906)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (906)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="3"><table class="outerFootnotes" width="100%">
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[1]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">&#8211; quoted
prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[2]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">&#8211; observable
inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr class="outerFootnote">
<td style="vertical-align: top; width: 12pt;" valign="top">[3]</td>
<td style="vertical-align: top;" valign="top">&#8211; no observable
pricing inputs in the market</td>
</tr>
</table></td></tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Contingent consideration included in other liabilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity investments current asset.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity investments noncurrent assets.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 103<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-103<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 100<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(2)(i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (aa)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 320<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481830/320-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(6))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 326<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479130/326-30-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability recognized arising from contingent consideration in a business combination, expected to be settled within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479613/805-30-35-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479668/805-30-25-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liability recognized arising from contingent consideration in a business combination, expected to be settled beyond one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 35<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479613/805-30-35-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 805<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 25<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479668/805-30-25-6<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 100<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value portion of investment securities, including, but not limited to, marketable securities, derivative financial instruments, and investments accounted for under the equity method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2E<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis=us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis=us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>86
<FILENAME>R75.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468760149504">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue', window );">Balance, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 695<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,263<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1', window );">Total gain (loss) included in &#8220;Other expense, net&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 63<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (14)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList', window );">Fair Value, Asset, Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]</a></td>
<td class="text">Other expense, net<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Other expense, net<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue', window );">Balance, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 758<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,249<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss', window );">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrealized gain (loss) recognized in income from asset measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3) and still held.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 101<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-101<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 102<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-102<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income from asset measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 101<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-101<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 102<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-102<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of financial instrument classified as an asset measured using unobservable inputs that reflect the entity's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 101<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-101<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates line item in statement of income or comprehensive income that includes gain (loss) from asset measured at fair value using unobservable input (level 3).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>enum2:enumerationSetItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>87
<FILENAME>R76.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758556192">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue', window );">Balance, beginning of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 906<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,805<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements', window );">Payments</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(214)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome', window );">&#8220;Foreign currency translation adjustment&#8221;</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList', window );">Fair Value, Liability, Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Liability, Gain (Loss), Statement of Other Comprehensive Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]</a></td>
<td class="text">Foreign currency translation adjustments<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">Foreign currency translation adjustments<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue', window );">Balance, end of period</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 906<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 4,588<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss', window );">Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of unrealized gain (loss) recognized in income from liability measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3) and still held.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI) from liability measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of settlements of financial instrument classified as a liability measured using unobservable inputs that reflect the entity's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Fair value of financial instrument classified as a liability measured using unobservable inputs that reflect the entity's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicates line item in statement in which other comprehensive income (OCI) is reported that includes gain (loss) from liability measured at fair value using unobservable input (level 3).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (c)(1a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>enum2:enumerationSetItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>88
<FILENAME>R77.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758425072">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Fair Value Measurements (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract', window );"><strong>Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds', window );">Investment in hedge funds</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.9<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.9<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities', window );">Contingent consideration payment</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Investment in hedge funds.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow, made soon after acquisition date of business combination, to settle contingent consideration liability.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-13<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>89
<FILENAME>R78.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468760221296">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract', window );"><strong>Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount', window );">Net income of the VIE</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 338<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 81<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity', window );">Aggregate funding provided by the Company, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 55<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 114<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Variable interest entity aggregate funding repaid to provided by reporting entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Variable interest entity net income losst amount</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>90
<FILENAME>R79.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758165216">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>VIE&#8217;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems', window );"><strong>Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 148,019<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 164,557<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Trade accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">41,566<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">42,215<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisbursementPrefunding', window );">Disbursement prefunding</a></td>
<td class="nump">52,041<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,736<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">12,686<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">17,558<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">24,627<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,927<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property, plant, and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">38,944<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">38,652<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Other intangibles, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">5,947<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">6,285<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">554,634<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">550,095<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Trade accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="nump">23,647<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,773<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">92,821<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">103,176<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent', window );">Customer funds deposits</a></td>
<td class="nump">94,951<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">91,893<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Due to the Company</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,058<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,662<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive income</a></td>
<td class="num">(19,709)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(18,142)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="nump">10,568<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,472<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="nump">554,634<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">550,095<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis=us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember', window );">Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems', window );"><strong>Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue', window );">Cash and equivalents</a></td>
<td class="nump">3,055<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,626<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent', window );">Restricted cash</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,289<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">7,426<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent', window );">Trade accounts receivable, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">127<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">74<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_DisbursementPrefunding', window );">Disbursement prefunding</a></td>
<td class="nump">1,323<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">2,587<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent', window );">Prepaid expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">359<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">258<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent', window );">Other current assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">265<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">294<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet', window );">Property, plant, and equipment, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">163<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">179<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet', window );">Other intangibles, net</a></td>
<td class="nump">546<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">584<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_Assets', window );">Total assets</a></td>
<td class="nump">21,127<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,028<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent', window );">Trade accounts payable</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent', window );">Accrued expenses</a></td>
<td class="nump">160<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">124<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent', window );">Customer funds deposits</a></td>
<td class="nump">15,882<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">9,195<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent', window );">Due to the Company</a></td>
<td class="nump">296<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">241<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive income</a></td>
<td class="nump">14<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">27<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest', window );">Noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,775<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,437<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity', window );">Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 21,127<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,028<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_DisbursementPrefunding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Disbursement prefunding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_DisbursementPrefunding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(19)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(20))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after tax, of accumulated increase (decrease) in equity from transaction and other event and circumstance from nonowner source.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-14A<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-11<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(ii)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(3))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-14<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_Assets">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset recognized for present right to economic benefit.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 48<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 49<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-49<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (bb)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 810<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 25<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-25<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-12<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(12))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(8))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(18))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 19: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 20: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 21: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 22: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 23: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 24: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 25: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 26: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 27: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 28: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7<br><br>Reference 29: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 30<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30<br><br>Reference 30: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(11))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_Assets</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The current portion, due within one year or one operating cycle, if longer, of deposits held other than customer deposits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(20))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(25))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 6: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(23))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(32))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of equity (deficit) attributable to noncontrolling interest. Excludes temporary equity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(31))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 825<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (f)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(24))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-04(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-01(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.13-02(a)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B<br><br>Reference 13: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(22))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of current assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(8))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated amortization of finite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of liabilities classified as other, due after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(24))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits within a future period of one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(7))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 05<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482955/340-10-05-5<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 340<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483032/340-10-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 360<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482099/360-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 842<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 7A<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-7A<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(8))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 360<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478451/942-360-50-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The total amount due to the entity within one year of the balance sheet date (or one operating cycle, if longer) from outside sources, including trade accounts receivable, notes and loans receivable, as well as any other types of receivables, net of allowances established for the purpose of reducing such receivables to an amount that approximates their net realizable value.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 852<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 8<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis=us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis=us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>91
<FILENAME>R80.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468760512384">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LegalFees', window );">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (212)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds', window );">Corporate&#8212;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">684<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_CorporateOther', window );">Corporate&#8212;other</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">12<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="reu">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 484<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_CorporateOther">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Corporate other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_CorporateOther</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LegalFees">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The amount of expense provided in the period for legal costs incurred on or before the balance sheet date pertaining to resolved, pending or threatened litigation, including arbitration and mediation proceedings.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(6))<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 220<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LegalFees</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The net amount of other operating income and expenses, the components of which are not separately disclosed on the income statement, from items that are associated with the entity's normal revenue producing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of insurance proceeds for an event or transaction that is unusual in nature or infrequent in occurrence, or both.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483613/220-20-50-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>92
<FILENAME>R81.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759996208">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Revolving Credit Facility (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>May 17, 2021</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit', window );">Proceeds from lines of credit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 14,243<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 30,315<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit', window );">Repayments of lines of credit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,243<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,315<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_IDTTelecomMember', window );">IDT Telecom [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit', window );">Proceeds from lines of credit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">30,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit', window );">Repayments of lines of credit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">14,200<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 30,300<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember', window );">Revolving Credit Facility [Member] | TD Bank [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems', window );"><strong>Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity', window );">Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 25,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCredit', window );">Outstanding line of credit</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription', window );">Credit facility, description</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">The revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#8217;s
assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum at the secured overnight financing rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank
of New York plus 10 basis points, plus depending upon IDT Telecom&#8217;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter,
125 to 175 basis points. Interest is payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May
16, 2026. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly unused commitment fee of 10 basis points on the average daily balance of the unused portion of
the $25.0 million commitment.<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate', window );">Debt instrument maturity date</a></td>
<td class="text">May 16,  2026<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity', window );">Revolving credit, unused portion amount</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 25,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Date when the debt instrument is scheduled to be fully repaid, in YYYY-MM-DD format.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(2)(i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 820<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (bbb)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22)(a)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The carrying value as of the balance sheet date of the current and noncurrent portions of long-term obligations drawn from a line of credit, which is a bank's commitment to make loans up to a specific amount. Examples of items that might be included in the application of this element may consist of letters of credit, standby letters of credit, and revolving credit arrangements, under which borrowings can be made up to a maximum amount as of any point in time conditional on satisfaction of specified terms before, as of and after the date of drawdowns on the line. Includes short-term obligations that would normally be classified as current liabilities but for which (a) postbalance sheet date issuance of a long term obligation to refinance the short term obligation on a long term basis, or (b) the enterprise has entered into a financing agreement that clearly permits the enterprise to refinance the short-term obligation on a long term basis and the following conditions are met (1) the agreement does not expire within 1 year and is not cancelable by the lender except for violation of an objectively determinable provision, (2) no violation exists at the BS date, and (3) the lender has entered into the financing agreement is expected to be financially capable of honoring the agreement.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22))<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 210<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(16))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(16)(a)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Description of the terms of a credit facility arrangement. Terms typically include interest rate, collateral required, guarantees required, repayment requirements, and restrictions on use of assets and activities of the entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(19)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Maximum borrowing capacity under the credit facility without consideration of any current restrictions on the amount that could be borrowed or the amounts currently outstanding under the facility.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(19)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of borrowing capacity currently available under the credit facility (current borrowing capacity less the amount of borrowings outstanding).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 470<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(22)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(19)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash inflow from contractual arrangement with the lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-14<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of cash outflow for payment of an obligation from a lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(f))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_IDTTelecomMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_IDTTelecomMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis=us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=IDT_TDBankMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis=IDT_TDBankMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>93
<FILENAME>R82.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468764095664">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity&#8217;s Noncontrolling Interest (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | National Retail Solutions [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems', window );"><strong>Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest', window );">Net income of NRS attributable to the mezzanine equity&#8217;s noncontrolling interest</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 138<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 107<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of Net Income (Loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>94
<FILENAME>R83.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468766625376">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details Narrative) - Common Class B [Member] - National Retail Solutions [Member]<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th">
<div>Sep. 29, 2021 </div>
<div>USD ($)</div>
</th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems', window );"><strong>Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction', window );">Capital stock outstanding percentage</a></td>
<td class="nump">2.50%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction', window );">Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 10<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Sale of stock percentage of subsidiary equity issued in transaction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash received on stock transaction after deduction of issuance costs.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LegalEntityAxis=IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>95
<FILENAME>R84.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468756296480">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Equity (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">1 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1"></th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jan. 31, 2016</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends', window );">Payments of Dividends</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,261,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased', window );">Remained available repurchase, shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">4,400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">4,400,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_CommonClassAandBMember', window );">Class A and Class B Common Stock[Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid', window );">Cash dividend per share</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 0.05<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends', window );">Payments of Dividends</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember', window );">Class B Common Stock [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased', window );">Repurchase of shares</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">8,000,000.0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired', window );">Class B common stock shares repurchased</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">37,714<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">125,470<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod', window );">Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,300,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 2,800,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember', window );">Class B Common Stock [Member] | Employees [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired', window );">Class B common stock shares repurchased</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">24,290<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">654<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod', window );">Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,100,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 15,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember', window );">Common Class B [Member] | Bill Pereira [Member] | Amended and Restated Employment Agreement [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems', window );"><strong>Class of Stock [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues', window );">Issuance of shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">39,155<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues', window );">Issuance of shares, value</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 1,800,000<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares authorized to be purchased under share repurchase plan. Includes, but is not limited to, repurchase of stock and unit of ownership.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481520/505-30-50-4<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>srt_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef<br> -Topic 272<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483014/272-10-45-3<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 272<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482987/272-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 235<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.4-08(d))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (e)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 13<br> -Subparagraph (h)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 18<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(27)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 14: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 15: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3<br><br>Reference 16: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3<br><br>Reference 17: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(2)(i))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3<br><br>Reference 18: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(2)(ii))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Aggregate dividends paid during the period for each share of common stock outstanding.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:perShareItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cash outflow in the form of capital distributions and dividends to common shareholders, preferred shareholders and noncontrolling interests.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of new stock issued during the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 505<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(4)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-03(i)(1))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the value of new stock issued during the period. Includes shares issued in an initial public offering or a secondary public offering.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(28))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-11<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 205<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478009/946-205-45-4<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 505<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-2<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-09(4)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares remaining authorized to be purchased under share repurchase plan. Includes, but is not limited to, repurchase of stock and unit of ownership.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of shares that have been repurchased during the period and are being held in treasury.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(29))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Equity impact of the cost of common and preferred stock that were repurchased during the period. Recorded using the cost method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.3-04)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 505<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481549/505-30-45-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_CommonClassAandBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_CommonClassAandBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=IDT_EmployeesMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=IDT_EmployeesMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis=us-gaap_CommonClassBMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=IDT_BillPereiraMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis=IDT_BillPereiraMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis=IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>96
<FILENAME>R85.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468757701040">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details) - shares<br> shares in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic', window );">Basic weighted-average number of shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">25,204<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,178<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants', window );">Stock options</a></td>
<td class="text"> <span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">3<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends', window );">Non-vested restricted Class B common stock</a></td>
<td class="nump">159<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">96<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding', window );">Diluted weighted-average number of shares</a></td>
<td class="nump">25,363<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">25,277<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Additional shares included in the calculation of diluted EPS as a result of the potentially dilutive effect of call options and warrants using the treasury stock method.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-22<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-23<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 26<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-26<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of additional shares included in diluted EPS for potentially dilutive effect of nonvested equity-based payment award containing forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, whether paid or unpaid.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-22<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 23<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-23<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28A<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-28A<br><br>Reference 5: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 68B<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-68B<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 16<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-16<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-10<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>97
<FILENAME>R86.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759914544">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Earnings Per Share (Details Narrative) - shares<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract', window );"><strong>Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount', window );">Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share</a></td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">0<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) or earnings per unit (EPU) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS or EPU because to do so would increase EPS or EPU amounts or decrease loss per share or unit amounts for the period presented.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 260<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:sharesItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>98
<FILENAME>R87.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468758181728">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss) (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems', window );"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (18,142)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,567)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 565<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(19,709)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember', window );">AOCI, Accumulated Gain (Loss), Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Parent [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems', window );"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(380)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation</a></td>
<td class="nump">56<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(324)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember', window );">Accumulated Foreign Currency Adjustment Attributable to Parent [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems', window );"><strong>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">(17,762)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation</a></td>
<td class="num">(1,623)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax', window );">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (19,385)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-4<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-5<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481674/830-30-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-17<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Subparagraph (a)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Subparagraph (c)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Subparagraph (d)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, after tax, of accumulated increase (decrease) in equity from transaction and other event and circumstance from nonowner source.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14A<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-14A<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 11<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-11<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (g)(2)(ii)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 40<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 65<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (h)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 210<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(3))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 14<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-14<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 505<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 250<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481674/830-30-50-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 17<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-17<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(19))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-4<br><br>Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 5<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-5<br><br>Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 30<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 20<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20<br><br>Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(21))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(23))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1B<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B<br><br>Reference 12: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 15<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 220<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482739/220-10-55-15<br><br>Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1A<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis=us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>99
<FILENAME>R88.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468759879296">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative) - USD ($)<br> $ in Millions</strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems', window );"><strong>Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent', window );">Accrued liabilities</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 24.4<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 25.9<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_PurchaseObligation', window );">Purchase obligation</a></td>
<td class="nump">1.3<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl custom" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding', window );">Performance bonds outstanding</a></td>
<td class="nump">33.2<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">$ 32.4<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rh">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember', window );">Federal Telecommunications Relay Services Fund [Member]</a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems', window );"><strong>Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss', window );">Final decision imposed</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 2.9<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>In certain circumstances, the company is required to provide performance bonds in connection with its contractual commitments. Company has indemnified the surety for any expenses paid out under these performance bonds.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>IDT_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 210<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-03(15)(5))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Reflects the estimated amount of loss from the specified contingency as of the balance sheet date.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 720<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483359/720-20-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 460<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 27<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482395/460-10-55-27<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 450<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483076/450-20-50-9<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 450<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483076/450-20-50-4<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 460<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 3<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482425/460-10-50-3<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 460<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482425/460-10-50-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>debit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 450<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483076/450-20-50-1<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 450<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SAB Topic 5.Y.Q2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480102/450-20-S99-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 450<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 4<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483076/450-20-50-4<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 450<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 9<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483076/450-20-50-9<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_PurchaseObligation">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Minimum amount of purchase arrangement in which the entity has agreed to expend funds to procure goods or services from a supplier.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_PurchaseObligation</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>instant</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Details</a><div><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">srt_ProductOrServiceAxis=IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td></td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>100
<FILENAME>R89.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468760023296">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net (Details) - USD ($)<br> $ in Thousands</strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="2">3 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract', window );"><strong>Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized', window );">Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)</a></td>
<td class="nump">$ 135<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (3,499)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments', window );">Equity in net loss of investee</a></td>
<td class="num">(780)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(1,012)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments', window );">Gains (losses) on investments</a></td>
<td class="nump">378<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(917)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_OtherIncome', window );">Other</a></td>
<td class="num">(16)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">(158)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="rou">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense', window );">Total</a></td>
<td class="num">$ (283)<span></span>
</td>
<td class="num">$ (5,586)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount, before tax, of realized gain (loss) from foreign currency transaction.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 830<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 10<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-10<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (a)(2)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479105/946-220-45-6<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(7)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481956/830-20-45-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef<br> -Topic 830<br> -SubTopic 20<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481926/830-20-50-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(9)(a))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 2: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(7)(c))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef<br> -Topic 230<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of income (loss) for proportionate share of equity method investee's income (loss).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 28<br> -Subparagraph (b)<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Topic 230<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 270<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (i)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 32<br> -Subparagraph (ee)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(10))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 323<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 45<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481664/323-10-45-1<br><br>Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 280<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 22<br> -Subparagraph (g)<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22<br><br>Reference 7: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(12))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br><br>Reference 8: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 942<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.9-04(13)(f))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The aggregate amount of income or expense from ancillary business-related activities (that is to say, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business).</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef<br> -Topic 220<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 2<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.5-03(7))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIncome">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Amount of revenue and income classified as other.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-14(Column E)(2))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-6<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-14(Column E)(Footnote 4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-6<br><br>Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 320<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 6<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.12-14(Column E)(Footnote 6)(b))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-6<br><br>Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 944<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.7-04(4))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1<br><br>Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 946<br> -SubTopic 220<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section S99<br> -Paragraph 1<br> -Subparagraph (SX 210.6-07(1)(c))<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIncome</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:monetaryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>credit</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>101
<FILENAME>R90.htm
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="include/report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
							if (e.nextSibling.style.display=='none') {
							e.nextSibling.style.display='block';
							} else { e.nextSibling.style.display='none'; }
							}</script>
</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.24.3</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm46468766747648">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="2"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Income Taxes (Details Narrative)<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">3 Months Ended</th>
<th class="th" colspan="1">12 Months Ended</th>
</tr>
<tr>
<th class="th"><div>Oct. 31, 2024</div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jul. 31, 2024</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract', window );"><strong>Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations', window );">Effective tax rate</a></td>
<td class="nump">25.40%<span></span>
</td>
<td class="nump">28.20%<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 50<br> -Paragraph 12<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12<br><br>Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef<br> -Topic 740<br> -SubTopic 10<br> -Name Accounting Standards Codification<br> -Section 55<br> -Paragraph 231<br> -Publisher FASB<br> -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482663/740-10-55-231<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dtr-types:percentItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- References</a><div><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>us-gaap_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
</div>
</body>
</html>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EXCEL
<SEQUENCE>102
<FILENAME>Financial_Report.xlsx
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 Financial_Report.xlsx
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M@.\K#L>?^D5/T-R2S_X%4$L#!!0    ( 'F!BEF<V&2\, ,  ,8)   8
M>&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#4N>&ULK5;);MLP$+WW*P@U*!*@B:PEWFH;
M2.QT.00-XJ0]%#TPTM@B(I$J2=O)WW=(R:KLR&H+Y")QF7E\,X\<<K01\E$E
M )H\92E78R?1.A^ZKHH2R*@Z$SEPG%D(F5&-7;ET52Z!QM8I2UV_T^FZ&67<
MF8SLV(V<C,1*IXS#C21JE654/E]"*C9CQW.V [=LF6@SX$Y&.5W"'/1]?B.Q
MYU8H,<N *R8XD; 8.Q?><#8P]M;@&X.-JK6)B>1!B$?3^1*/G8XA!"E$VB!0
M_*UA"FEJ@)#&KQ+3J98TCO7V%OVCC1UC>: *IB+]SF*=C)V^0V)8T%6J;\7F
M,Y3QG!N\2*3*?LFFM.TX)%HI+;+2&1EDC!=_^E3FH>;@!0<<_-+!WW<X/^ 0
ME [!OD-XP"$L'4*;F2(4FX<9U70RDF)#I+%&--.PR;3>&#[C1O:YECC+T$]/
MIH(KD;*8:HC)7.,/-=6*B 7YPB.1 3F^YW05,YP_(<<W5.)T II%-#TAI^1^
M/B/'1R?DB#!.[A*Q4I3':N1JY&96<*.2Q[3@X1_@$9!K@<"*7/$8XEU_%V.J
M O.W@4W]5L"OD3XC@?>>^!T_;. S^W?WH(5.4.4YL'C! ;RY%M'CJ=FA,<&T
MXJE5U&S\IDP52#V+9([M>C+P_)&[KK-_:=/K>97-#L6PHABV4\3#Q_CR/?D$
M'"1-"2I)+F+<=$QI2<WY)%=/ACDH\N,:L@>0/YOXMRYCZMA0Y32"L8.%2H%<
M@S-Y]];K=CXTR?1*8#L9.:\R<OY:HEVV(_WP&C-5.(4U%?M!N*?T2YMN>$#I
M;A57MY7-'40)%ZE8/EN-9[#&\I^;@[\5N%7?5O#_U?>5P';RT*ORT'LU?=N1
M#NC;>WE*^WOROC3Q@DZSO'UG;V!0Q3GX&SM2B_5-/5:LVU&ZPIJ+C2'9VQEQ
M;6= N3/>T2S_0*IBL:P5"[I;+$J/)J'<VHV5@5S:FU^A""NNBXI5C5:/BTM[
MI^Z-3_'1X36,7_2'TW[3^& XM8\4]\^RQ0OGFLHEXXJDL$ *G;,>'CQ9O!J*
MCA:YO4<?A,9;V383?&B!- 8XOQ!";SMF@>KI-OD-4$L#!!0    ( 'F!BEG3
MJ2PXA0,  !,+   8    >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#8N>&ULK5;?;]LV
M$/Y7"*TH&J")?LMR:@M(G!7-0]>@:;:'80^T1%M<*=(C*;O=7[\CI:BV) L;
MEA=)I.X^?A_O>+S%0<BOJB1$HV\5XVKIE%KOKEU7Y26IL+H2.\+AST;("FL8
MRJVK=I+@PCI5S T\+W$K3+F3+>S<@\P6HM:,<O(@D:JK"LOOMX2)P]+QG>>)
MSW1;:C/A9HL=WI)'HI]V#Q)&;H=2T(IP105'DFR6SHU_O?*M@[7XE9*#.OI&
M1LI:B*]F<%\L'<\P(HSDVD!@>.W)BC!FD(#'7RVHTZUI'(^_G]'?6_$@9HT5
M60GV&RUTN712!Q5D@VNF/XO#!](*B@U>+IBR3W1H;3T'Y;72HFJ=@4%%>?/&
MW]J-.'( G'&'H'4(^@[1&8>P=0BMT(:9E76'-<X64AR0--: 9C[LWEAO4$.Y
M">.CEO"7@I_.5H(KP6B!-2G0HX87Q$@K)#9H)2K(C-*$;$_0/<]%1=";)X[K
M@H+U!;I$3X]WZ,VK"_0*48Z^E*)6F!=JX6I@9O#=O&5QV[ (SK (T4?!=:G0
MS[P@Q:F_"XHZ6<&SK-M@$O!3KJ]0Z+]%@1=$(WQ6_]X]G* 3=KL<6KSD#%Z[
M>=W^HM]OUDI+R.$_QC:K 0O'P<S!OE8[G).E _%11.Z)D[W^R4^\=V-*7PCL
M1'?4Z8ZFT+-?H Y1JWU,9N,[L[ZFW.PS/XU2V._],?^A51K-DL[HA%?<\8HG
MX_%)ET2B_"3!:9O@3"AU<3W&-W[)L+P0V(G\I).?3(9E56*^-8I1S:'V,_HW
M''ZC&YG"NL>4X34CEW!)7"K,"%(DKR75E(P>[6:MZ"A <=*+X=#D,CD3PEFG
M83:I 8HXE&@.-5)*PO/O"(X35PPWET/Q)Y1.6\G&&,^&=/PDZ"?>T"H)_7'2
M:4<ZG20]EG=-PDT<DW2$;9S,>FR'5G$2C[.==VSGTVDR<C[&",X'2_O)W._G
MP-!J[D5G]M/W?EQ?WG_FB+#6DJYK;;(8:8&X@'FNI6#@O@4K3>!0C>=&N][I
M=@=AU%,S9I;ZLS-RCFYC___+N;_[ I>SW EILWU4A3^LK7&2!GT50[,T"**>
M"O>HO:B(W-JN2T$:UUPW5W(WVW5V-[:?Z<W?FH[/MBT_8)IV\2.66\H58F0#
MD-[5#,JC;#JP9J#%SC8Q:Z&A);*?)72M1!H#^+\10C\/S )='YS] U!+ P04
M    " !Y@8I9F&^^;R '   Z,0  &    'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970W
M+GAM;*V;:V_;-A2&_PKA%4,*-+$H61=W28#$T6U VR!9MP_#/C R$PN51%>D
M<_GWHVS%MD2:L9O3#_7MG.=0Y"N*?*6</K'Z!Y]1*M!S653\;# 38OYY..39
MC):$G[ YK>0O]ZPNB9 ?ZX<AG]>43)=)93&T+<L;EB2O!N>GR^^NZ_-3MA!%
M7M'K&O%%69+ZY9(6[.EL@ >O7]SD#S/1?#$\/YV3!WI+Q??Y=2T_#=>4:5[2
MBN>L0C6]/QM<X,^I;34)RXB_<_K$M]ZCYE#N&/O1?$BG9P.K:1$M:"8:!)$O
MCW1"BZ(AR7;\;*&#=<TF<?O]*SU:'KP\F#O"Z805_^13,3L;! ,TI?=D48@;
M]I30]H#<AI>Q@B__1T^K6%]6S!9<L+)-EI_+O%J]DN>V([82L+,CP6X3[%["
MR-N1X+0)SKX)HS9AU$MP=B6X;8+;3[!W)'AM@M=/\'<D^&V"WTNP=R4$;4+0
MK["K6\=MPG@IA]7X+0?_B@AR?EJS)U0WT9+6O%DJ:)DMQSRO&K'?BEK^FLL\
M<3YA%6=%/B6"3M&MD"]2R8(C=H_"GXM<O*"C[Q593'/Y^T=TC+[?7J&C#Q_1
M!Y17Z*\96W!23?GI4,BV-,1AUM:]7-6U=]3]BPE2:-(FYK0)*TMYBMP*EOU
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MZ,HB37R\5O2) 1<"R+^V%@]&2-!_M(I_4$L#!!0    ( 'F!BEE,.V8BR@<
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MY!II*%O.O^F;3_GUS-,1T8)F2KL@\'.D:UH4VA/$\5?K=-9]4S<\O7[R_M&
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MPOEI$@YUJ<4,YE(P :*G?!PZZ]Q'5A%8)#\?I5,Y?&^=>RUOYZ![AL=NAO_
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MVF.A5RD($Z#O5YRKK6$2],LY_0U02P,$%     @ >8&*6<I:!L0* @  K@0
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M97EH21DJ]M2#^ 7 B+0X!#(%V$9: 4_S<W8DC]G-]\6""DSL$$'KA$>9=IL
M-%>L)!& 54KG$)_P=HV ]U"VX:H6_184[TTN3-0&?>&%CR3,>8!B9N6JDKE,
M 8W:,5MRI>AU+BO"#N;:K6S9\$?8&!ZEJO8)Y#!I)%\BX]Y-81V#:>EV4<N
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M9Y;[_;/<MK,T;O0X"CD4A]YCIA&];K1W!@]EZ=E,U4:4J?GDW6Z+]1)%3CZ
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M'8^IE]%-M]-,K%K[#F.I+$7MAR4UB*B= .T7BMZ%=N(<="WGX@=02P,$%
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M#33[X:BZW3!.5#8H-T9A56"?.7_+)X;>\+16P@BN3WL&H':IE[8 %PU ^ A
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M>EA.;+<[72"Q)#[N^YY[R8N-TE_-2@C+ON5982Y[*VO7YX.!258BYZ:OUJ+
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M3?UH.O+>WE7</!(N[IDV3I5<)$4%H0$#@JS"9*.RL1],PQ:D>=O9'R$)*9Z
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MC<)X.F.3,,'D@^9YDUB>?E-TKJ$UND3QA$V2X/U!-\)UH=4T"H?Q$&Y&TTF
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MSTJA?1TMP.^EQ?A)#W3 \+W_XM]02P,$%     @ >8&*65RQO O+ @  &P8
M !D   !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T,C@N>&ULC55+;]LP#+[G5Q#N4#A
M4+_R<-,D0--U6P]]H.VVP["#8C.Q45E*);EI__THV_%2+ UVL20^/GX417JR
MD>I)9X@&7@LN]-3)C%F//4\G&19,G\@U"M(LI2J8H:-:>7JMD*654\&]T/>'
M7L%RX<PFE>Q.S2:R-#P7>*= ET7!U-L<N=Q,G<#9"N[S56:LP)M-UFR%#VB^
MK^\4G;P6)<T+%#J7 A0NI\YY,)[WK7UE\"/'C=[9@\UD(>63/5RE4\>WA)!C
M8BP"H^4%+Y!S"T0TGAM,IPUI'7?W6_0O5>Z4RX)IO)#\9YZ:;.K$#J2X9"4W
M]W+S#9M\!A8OD5Q77]C4MM'(@:341A:-,S$H<E&O[+6YAQV'V/_ (6P<PHIW
M':AB^9D9-ILHN0%EK0G-;JI4*V\BEPM;E >C2)N3GYG=F@P57+Y2D37VX ;-
MQ#.$:[5>TF#,:XSP XP(KJ4PF89+D6+ZWM\C/BVI<$MJ'AX$O$W,"41!#T(_
M[!_ B]HDHPIO>##)*Y'( H&)=)NOAE_G"VT4/8W?^]*N4:/]J+9=QGK-$IPZ
MU \:U0LZL^.C8.B?'>#<;SGW#Z'_9V$.8NQG>",-=H+1\5$<!N$9_!NG%G5P
M*Q(D2B2UH38:Y!)("TO)J9USL1K# \V)M.1H5368VZ!UFRNO4#NVEK:@4><Q
M4XCOWLR.TLT%19"EICKI;H=:CQI+4"LHA2)Y ZJ6T*QNZ14-'0TNEYIJV85/
M$$0#^KI1KW]Z"MW.Y7.9FS<@1)N#-;,D<_&"VA #=Q3[T 4WZ/E!2.9?W\-1
M@-J49A!E'HUB<$^#$1DV:0;#RGL0D^A1&L9M[#".P%)Q![U!; WVO05OIV$+
M5*MJ+&FZY5*8NG=;:3OYSNN&_VM>C\UKIE:6-L<EN?HGHX$#JAY%]<'(==7^
M"VEHF%3;C*8W*FM ^J6D!]$<;(#V?S#[ U!+ P04    " !Y@8I9^]OJS%0"
M   Y!0  &0   'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970R.2YX;6R%5-%.VS 4?><K
MKHS$T]2D3ELJ2"-1V#0>8!6P[6':@YO<-!:QG=DN*7\_VPE9)Y7RDMC7]QR?
MZ^OCM%7ZV52(%G:BEF9!*FN;BR@R>86"F9%J4+J54FG!K)OJ360:C:P((%%'
M-(YGD6!<DBP-L97.4K6U-9>XTF"V0C#]NL1:M0LR)F^!![ZIK ]$6=JP#3ZB
M_=ZLM)M% TO!!4K#E02-Y8)<C2^6$Y\?$GYP;,W>&'PE:Z6>_>2V6)#8"\(:
M<^L9F/N]X#76M2=R,O[TG&38T@/WQV_L7T+MKI8U,WBMZI^\L-6"S D46+)M
M;1]4^Q7[>J:>+U>U"5]HN]PD(9!OC56B!SL%@LONSW;].>P!YO$[ -H#:-#=
M;114WC#+LE2K%K3/=FQ^$$H-:">.2]^41ZO=*G<XF]W*7 F$)[9#DT;6,?IX
ME/?H98>F[Z 3N%/25@8^RP*+__&14S+(H6]REO0HX;?<CB 9?P(:T\D1OF0H
M+PE\LP_+@QMN\EJ9K4;X=;4V5KL+\?M0R1UC<IC1F^3"-"S'!7$N,*A?D&1G
MI^-9?'E$[V30.SG&_F$[CJ(/:[M7%D_&\[/3.1W32]C? 9XJ/+E6HF'R-:R?
M7QK@78)U1X8[YWV#+@2V<J%*(X+H.HZ^X^#ZI=:HAY9!RTQP20'><A*P+#$8
M+Q!J9A%4"70ZF@"=CR@<.K-H[SH+U)M@6@.YVDK;W>PA.KP+5YT=_J5WC\H=
MTQLN#=18.F@\.I\2T)U1NXE533#'6EEGM3"LW-N&VB>X]5*YX^LG?H/AM<S^
M E!+ P04    " !Y@8I96FB/X!H#   Y!P  &0   'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O
M<VAE970S,"YX;6RM5=UOVS80?\]?<5"!H@7B2):<-$UL [:3;'EH&L3-AF'8
M RV=):(43R7I./GO=Z04Q1T2 QOV(O'C?A_'C^-X2^:[K1 =/-9*VTE4.=><
MQ;'-*ZR%/:(&-<^LR=3"<=>4L6T,BB* :A6G27(2UT+J:#H.8[=F.J:-4U+C
MK0&[J6MAGN:H:#N)AM'SP)TL*^<'XNFX$24NT=TWMX9[<<]2R!JUE:3!X'H2
MS89G\Y&/#P&_2=S:G3;X3%9$WWWGNIA$B3>$"G/G&03_'G"!2GDBMO&CXXQZ
M20_<;3^S7X7<.9>5L+@@];LL7#6)3B,H<"TVRMW1]E?L\CGV?#DI&[ZP;6./
MLPCRC754=V!V4$O=_L5CMPX[@-/D#4#: =+@NQ4*+B^$$].QH2T8'\ULOA%2
M#6@V)[7?E*4S/"L9YZ9WF*-VZ@FNK=U@ ;,\IXUV4I>P=$(7PA06;LC!'WQ
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M"8O:.=CSC5*TV[@ P\S._@!02P,$%     @ >8&*64-,7(UX P  F0<  !D
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M*AM \SLIS=&Q!4ZO\>)?4$L#!!0    ( 'F!BEE*SW4M]@8  -$5   9
M>&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#,T+GAM;,58VW+;-A!]YU=@E$RFF4$M$A1O
MOLWXDJ1IF]IC.^U#IP\0"8F8D(0"@):=K^\"O(BV959ITNF+"!' XNSBG%V
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M)4([P/L9!X3-0"=H;[RC_P%02P,$%     @ >8&*6<^L:>,-!@  6Q$  !D
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M]BW#%+83EPISRE6%J#'-%:PSGF1M9.*:*,;4?LL9U:5B+GQ4($Q!;6.%-=5
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MS:AL@#E?2$GKA;V@[?;Q;U!+ P04    " !Y@8I9P,6;"@D#  !F!P  &0
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MX&)R&8/MNGHW<:8)G71C'/?E,*SX(43K#7B_-,8=)CY _[0N_@%02P,$%
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MBD+#D\G( ]4,G&9CY,8U^5(:&AEN6=",1F4!=+^2TNPV-D$W]=._4$L#!!0
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M!=)%I*BOZ'5'\=)>6K=<Z4+&-G/ &0@S0;_?<:X>.\9!^T?)ZC]02P,$%
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M56A'W!]K^T\![0+L_4XI/!HNP?"7RO\"4$L#!!0    ( 'F!BEE"M97E- 4
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MI8'X?DDI?SF1-ZC^+V'T/U!+ P04    " !Y@8I9DM'#W>4'  "?1@  &0
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M,."*9N.N4%]4\C]W:I4<PU)>"WX15R6?^ $-CI./K8)B4+E^B/U74K\.OQ5
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MTS:\!+5>@C9<_1=Q+Q2V-QC4N#M:>7X.2_JI8 /L'%QQTRFPIH/ZG8&M#?=
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M971Z1CU%-VVJF5A5^9>^4)9*R@\+ZNRH70#M+Y6RVXD[H/NO2/\"4$L#!!0
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ME-"S1.-4O-+;(JTH()ZA!60@!*1H;M<%@>:<*:&31E?)8T4DL<G/N502G2Y
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MYIV/-8MH#M>FHWAISZ<U5SIRV\SU?03"%.CYC'.UZY@CK[OAXE]02P,$%
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M[SC+8"MJA?>Z^02=GIGC2[6R_I<U76S(65I;U$4'I@P*6;:C>.Y\. *,%R<
M40>(_@!$TQ. 20>8>*%M9E[66J!(8J,;9EPTL;F)]\:C28TLW2MNT-"I)!PF
M&_I;9+4"IK=L4U>5 GHB%(JMI4V5MK4!=@]*(&3LP7M"DZL]&'IB=EO1B++<
ML2] 5EKV9@THI+)OXP I.7=%D':)7+>)1"<2N4UQQ";C"Q:%T70 OCH/OZG5
M*7A EO2^1+TOD>>;G^!K!0W):'&389PKNDM;B126G*K*@MD#3UZ_&L_##T.B
M_A/9;Q(GO<3).?;DU^LI)_:"-8?W%=W[&G!]H(]@"*88LN3\/1%[ 6$LF[-"
MEY@/F;KZ.X9%QT!4F7BQ9SR8]AY,_]&#C.I UR4RBJ-SBD^I0(9<:&]Z[V]R
MS7.?A*-PMHB#_;'2X:AY']7*"(XJVG73K\+L9&DIRRWAPM%BQIEI.U2[0%WY
M(G_42"W#3W-JZF!< )UOM<;#PO6-_C.1_ 102P,$%     @ >8&*63!Q;C;#
M @  T0<  !D   !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T-3@N>&ULK55=3]LP%/TK
M5D (I(ZD21N^VDBT@+:)B8K"]C#MP4UN$PO'SFRG+?]^MA-"@)3QP$MKQ_><
MG'/OS?5HS<6#S  4VN24R;&3*56<NJZ,,\BQ/.0%,'VRY"+'2F]%ZLI" $XL
M**>N[WFAFV/"G&ADG\U$-.*EHH3!3"!9YCD6CQ.@?#UV^L[3@UN29LH\<*-1
M@5.8@[HO9D+OW(8E(3DP23A# I9CY[Q_.@U-O WX26 M6VMDG"PX?S";;\G8
M\8P@H! KPX#UWPJF0*DATC+^UIQ.\TH#;*^?V*^L=^UE@25,.?U%$I6-G6,'
M);#$)56W?/T5:C]#PQ=S*NTO6M>QGH/B4BJ>UV"M(">L^L>;.@\M@!]N ?@U
MP/\H(*@!@35:*;.V+K#"T4CP-1(F6K.9A<V-16LWA)DJSI70IT3C5#37;9&4
M%!!?HO,T%9!B!>BF ($582FZ!ITC=$WP@E"B'M'^!2A,J#Q 7]#]_ +M[QZ@
M7408NLMX*3%+Y,A56I=A=^-:PZ32X&_1<!.K0Q3T>\CW_$$'?/H^_'M)M\%=
MG8TF)7Z3$M_RA5OXK.5.&Q4NZ,:9[^U4%CB&L:,_* EB!4ZTM],/O;,N4Y]$
M]L)BT%@,WF./GNM+;7UI75\"4M<RIF4"B2GJWLZQ[WMG-RH#H;M1"&"J'6S/
M^UWV)I6 (RO C))5U \'WLA=M7/0$70<ADW0"V^#QMO@@]YL(7O/S=M#T\I"
M#\V5;O/<N-%]?T489C'!%,VX)':Z_+[<*#.J%OK+N&1E;BDY^]/E]#]RMN6N
MJR<^A>I%UH9-UH:?TA&,LX]YF0S?UG;8JFUEN"LH"+H;(&RLA.]:N>,*TRY%
MX9N7!;[W6E%'4'!R\DJ1VQJXYK+[@45*F-2Y6VJ8=WBD?8GJ JDVBA=V!B^X
MTA/=+C-]YX(P ?I\R;EZVIBQWMSBT3]02P,$%     @ >8&*6:"Z2_L  P
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MW?'0;B!96IRP+)F4+"XNUT #X#E /5\Q)A\'^:%-=4@W^P%02P,$%     @
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MJW\&L3J=5QW%B^J FW*EC\NJF>H+#0H#T-]GG*OGCCDSFRM2]!=02P,$%
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MVY8XD4%9![POI#0[PP;H9WSZ!U!+ P04    " !Y@8I9T($8>/X#   O%
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M>8!ZOF5,O@SR,Z/ZC'#U/U!+ P04    " !Y@8I9?!=[IZ8"  "K!P  &0
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M,0E& >2X8+6P']3Z+6[TG#F\3 GC?V&]\>T%D-7&JG(33 Q*+IM_]G.3AYT
MPND.B#8!T7[ X(F >!,0>Z$-,R_KBEF6CK5:@W;>A.86/C<^FM1PZ4[QUFIZ
MRBG.IK=4%GDM$-0"9DSK>RZ7\(F)VEM>_ZBYO8=KN4)CZ>RL@>,KM(P+\P)>
MPMWM%1P?O8 CX!(^%JHV3.9F'%HBYN##;$-BVI"(GB 1PSLE;6'@M<PQ?Q@?
MDJ!65;15-8T. K[/["G$_1.(>M&@@\_LS\/C W3B-LFQQTN>P)LQ4P"E!OS"
M)77%A,_FE\NYL9IJ^6M7UAK4N!O5]?>%J5B&DX :V*!>89 ^?]9/>J^Z)/\G
ML <)&+0)&!Q"3Z=,,)GA"<QQR:5T-4;55:'F*N\2WJ -/9J[AU;I>4+GN-K5
M\]BGG\11Z_2 YUG+\^P@S\O\6]T4.M %"6KN$L'FU!YT2-(P?_48JO:5$BNG
M@H'A)1=,.QMN0[4JP18(AI4(W)@:=9?*ALM@1T$2[XE\[/*R/^C6F+0:DX,:
M[ZHUTSFP5FH7M8,0W<4"7467/.+?C\Z[^0];_L.#_*_+BG'M+Z,NY@>#_X+Y
MO^,\4#=JU8W^K%.0K@OJ$5=&3_?)Z'$/]*+A7@UU. T'P[U#"'=&2(EZZ2>K
M@4S5TC;W;FMMA_>EGUE[]BD-]68&_X9IO@C>,4W-;T#@@B![IT,J;MU,V69C
M5>4'U5Q9&GM^6="'"6KG0,\72MGMQKV@_=1)?P%02P,$%     @ >8&*642#
MA (L P  (PH  !D   !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T-S$N>&ULM5;;;MLX
M$/V5@;98M, FDB7'EZQM(';:;A_2!G'3 KO8!T8:2T0HTB4IN^W7=R@IBB^*
MT #MBRU2,X?GS!')F6R5OC<9HH6ON9!FZF76KL]]W\09YLR<JC5*>K-2.F>6
MACKUS5HC2\JD7/AA$ S\G''IS2;EW+6>351A!9=XK<$4><[TMSD*M9UZ/>]A
MXH:GF743_FRR9BDNT=ZNKS6-_ 8EX3E*PY4$C:NI=]$[7XQ=?!GPB>/6[#R#
M4W*GU+T;O$NF7N (H<#8.@1&?QM<H! .B&A\J3&]9DF7N/O\@/ZFU$Y:[IC!
MA1*?>6*SJ3?R(,$5*X2]4=M_L-9SYO!B)4SY"]LZ-O @+HQ5>9U,#'(NJW_V
MM:[#3@+AM">$=4)XF-!_(B&J$Z)2:,6LE'7)+)M-M-J"=M&$YA[*VI39I(9+
MY^+2:GK+*<_.EO19)(5 4"NXE?0="/X=$WA+_AMX*90Q:%[50_IFX$((>/VE
MX/8;O),;-)8<M11YB99Q0:$G<+N\A)<O7L$+X!(^9JHP3"9FXENBZQ;UXYK:
MO*(6/D$M@BLE;6;@M4PPV<_W26:C-7S0.@\[ 3_$]A2BWE\0!F&_A<_BY].C
M#CI14_JHQ(N>P'M/>S3=K[/&6*6R=" I-)<IV QAC9JK!.BCQZKR_+'R;66M
MEAV6R[I=O)E%P]'$W^Q*/8XY&?>&3=">H'XCJ-\IZ%H4YAPDR7)ZGB\&C!(M
ML6T2*R+]'?KA@<!.JNYL/#=K%N/4H\//H-Z@-X,.4\^:&IQUUJ#>&P9CDF$Y
M&B@>=Y5SNZQ-FZ2S(TG1*#@0=1SSM&N#AO&@D_$-6S$4L!",/)O#0N4YF;.T
M*KZ'_ZXPOT/]?QO?3M3V O_Y1V\0_-VV\WX1V%X!ADT!AK_)LN&1';W@T++C
MF)-!V.[8J"$\ZB3\+R8I/M^P3M#G&O:+P/;TCQO]X]]DV/CXU'-'^9YA+3&C
M [_\G?LV1YV6;8B!6!725M=1,]MT.A?E!7\P/Z<.J&I8'F&J]NF*Z=1=#0)7
M!!F<#FGKZZHEJ096K<M;_4Y9ZA'*QXRZ.-0N@-ZOE+(/ [= TQ?.?@!02P,$
M%     @ >8&*6:115@J! P  " P  !D   !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T
M-S(N>&ULM5;;;MLX$/T50BV*%FBC:RPGM07$=A<;H$&-INT^+/I 2R.+B$2Z
M)&6W_?H.*47Q1?9F@>3%YF7FZ,SP##FCC9!WJ@#0Y&=5<C5V"JU7EZZKT@(J
MJL[$"CCNY$)65.-4+EVUDD SZU25;N!Y [>BC#O)R*[-93(2M2X9A[DDJJXJ
M*G]-H!2;L>,[]PN?V;+09L%-1BNZA%O07U=SB3.W0\E8!5PQP8F$?.Q<^9=3
M/S .UN(;@XW:&A,3RD*(.S.YSL:.9QA!":DV$!3_UC"%LC1(R.-'"^ITWS2.
MV^-[]+]L\!C,@BJ8BO(?ENEB[ P=DD%.ZU)_%IN_H0WHW."EHE3VEVQ:6\\A
M::VTJ%IG9% QWOS3GVTBMAP0I]\A:!V"?8?HB$/8.H0VT(:9#6M&-4U&4FR(
M--:(9@8V-]8;HV'<'..MEKC+T$\GM\WQ$9&3:4'Y$A1AG'SX43/]B]R +D1&
MKOD:E,:STXJ\GH&FK%1OR#OR]79&7K]\0UX:ER^%J!7EF1JY&GD9=#=M.4P:
M#L$1#B&Y$5P7BGS@&62[_B[&TP45W <U"4X"?DKU&0G]MR3P@JB'S_3Q[N$)
M.F&7X]#B#8[@S2#'E8Q,@.-(DWE).9DQE99"U1+(OQ]QFUQKJ-3WONPUZ&$_
MNJGS2[6B*8P=+&0%<@U.\NJ%/_#>]X7^1& [B8BZ1$2GT)-Y+=,":\ZH+16H
M*JG9H@2"G\I!2DP1ZCV]Z\M! QQ;8',UK9-!C&>SW@ZMSR;H;'88GW>,ST\R
M;@L!]:T+(!RO53PS9?@S6Q0 ?60;S&B+R+MXZ.VQ[3'R/?\(WT''=_ 8OCN%
M"ZBP&Z@6('O5=1+P_ZKKB<!V8H^[V.-G+;/X*1/Q1& [B1AVB1B>%,&$8N0I
MO"4+6#+.&5\:P:Y ,I'U!3X\4*(?AL,]N1X:!?$PZE?K14?TXKGN@XL#.H?W
M09_-D?KRO8?WTGN&&Z$%W:GVZ"#'?5:#V#M">>N)]T]2OJH$)O8WM7T3$H4F
MA*JY)+ )8HID+,>4 \JFE[Y_2"R,@GWZ_V&U2S]XH!\\3L[ L]-";H&V7P _
M"/U]FH=6013M2]G=ZJDJD$O;:BJ4:<UUTXETJUT[>V6;N+WUB6ES;:_V -/T
MR#=48GTJ4D*.D-Y9C$^";-K.9J+%RG9N"Z&Q#[3# EMUD,8 ]W,A]/W$?*!K
M_I,_4$L#!!0    ( 'F!BEGQ7D%12 4  *DC   9    >&PO=V]R:W-H965T
M<R]S:&5E=#<S+GAM;+V:6V_;-A3'W_<I"*\86J"-+<NW9(Z!U+JL [(%3=L]
M#'M@I&.+J"2Z)!TWPS[\2$F1+5MA[/9L+XDN/+]#\OQY2-&<;KCX+!, 1;YF
M:2XO.XE2JXMN5T8)9%2>\17D^LV"BXPJ?2N67;D20./"*$N[_5YOU,THRSNS
M:?'L1LRF?*U2EL.-('*=950\O(64;RX[3N?QP7NV3)1YT)U-5W0)MZ ^KFZ$
MONO6E)AED$O&<R)@<=FY<BY"9V0,BA*?&&SDSC4Q3;GC_+.Y>1=?=GJF1I!"
MI R"ZG_W,(<T-21=CR\5M%/[-(:[UX_TH&B\;LP=E3#GZ1\L5LEE9](A,2SH
M.E7O^>87J!HT-+R(I[+X2S95V5Z'1&NI>%89ZQID+"__TZ]51^P8.(,G#/J5
M07_?8/B$@5L9N'L&3U9I4!D,CJW2L#(8'FLPJ@Q&QQJ,*X-Q$:RR=XO0>%31
MV53P#1&FM*:9BR*^A;6.",N-%&^5T&^9ME,S_\N:J0?R+K\'J;3$E"0O/5"4
MI9+\1H6@1BFOR!OR\=8C+U^\(B\(R\F'A*\ES6,Y[2I="8/J1I7#>>FP_X1#
MAUSS7"62^'D,<8N]9[=W+?9=W?BZ!_J//?"V;P7^'JDSXCJO2;_7'[2UQVY^
MM5Y:S;WO\^X?;^ZVF =V\U_7J=5[^)QYKLU[QMP964+AUF)T"Y[[5&LV.<1$
M)E1 F[+>6JU-TKZ0*QK!94=G90GB'CJSGWYT1KV?V\**"?,P83XF+,"$A25L
M4,#,)'<_<R9N;]J];PGZH [ZP!KT&\$C@%B2A>"93FUJ+9AB((G.+T325%_Q
MA9Y=[A21$.V^%!!#MBIF-%T"RDS&MIFL34+6NIPJ(4R85\+&.WU[/AE/ZKXM
MI7%8R!GW1N-FJ0"S7B$2K*&-8:V-H54;U>R4@4IXO!/:UX0NEP*65 &)N%1M
MD1X>=-5$K\^:/36WNC\U@L=X]#$]!IBP$ G6"/2H#O3H&P,=@XP$*T9Y6Y2M
MV%/',R;,LS?X0Z()9A'-)(G98@$"\LCD-:&? LN7/]","\7^UA,BOP=!5 )D
M].8!J""Z;YC.D_I-RA9@<I]Y62X6=<F42776-J]@-B_ A(5(L(;TQK7TQO;Y
M9RVB1'_,F'Z,N%:>[O6[%(AVI:,BS()$\>ASF_BLX%/%APGSQ@>I:#1V]S)1
M6YG^WDR"6:D0"=:(\J2.\N28!'-=)ICMYP[Y\QJR.Q!_M<77BCPUOI@P#Q/F
M8\("3%B(!&LHYKQ6S/FS'R-")FQ%5B B+16ZA#:1E)3SG6'4.W/=P=Y"P^KK
MU.@?Y=+'=!D<Y3)$<MF(E]/;;F7TGOF2>,S8MR9CUT.;_$.^:?C;W9TZ_E%I
M'BK-1Z4%J+00B]84U<[^F/-?+0\J\NX,ZQY\@=C=GRP+3)J/2@M0:2$6K2F+
M_E86?:LL/C%)R2T(LQ=Q1>8[PKBA^B)B*ZKT*IX\E9-:]6)U>7*^P:1YJ#0?
ME1:@TD(L6E-8VRU0Y_OV0.WF)XOD<$?/W?M.\% ]^JBTX(CZAU@>FP'=;F\Z
M]OW-[\T4>O52(.8IE24ARWA^3#I!W>M$I7FH-!^5%J#20BQ:4WW;#53'OH/Z
M;#K!W$*<5[3F<-Q?\GBH/GU46H!*"[%HS>!O-U4=^R;C__O3BKTR)TMI=/A[
MR*&2,%WZJ+0 E19BT4HE=7<.#&0@EL59$*F_;]:Y*G\YKY_6YTVNBE,6>\\]
MY\(O3XUL,>4AEFLJEBR7)(6%1O;.QGHHB/)<2'FC^*HXEG#'E>)9<9D C4&8
M OK]@G/U>&,<U*=S9O\"4$L#!!0    ( 'F!BEE*ET' D@8  %(L   9
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M]Y3P/*-K0 1X0Z(,?"%Q+@WD>(&/-,RS+$IOI!^/.'AZ006)8OX,O "?+R_
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M=,!U.8B4"ZM6Q5V^4)8F@^(QI=D-M3.@]TNE[';A/E!/@Y/_ %!+ P04
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MI2FJ6*8TYZ)V O1]I91]VK@+ZLEY^C=02P,$%     @ >8&*6:\G4O.C @
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MI$O5\[+>&%FZD3.7A@:86V;TBT%E'>A\(:59;^P%[4\K^@M02P,$%     @
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M.QIC,8B=J/0[+OP&S_CMPJW@>J$@Y#&-J_8=',-V(,%F(-=!(^ M68,_/(7
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M[C:7"=$XD.P7S4W1"\X"R'%*2F9&<OD5ZWR\P$PR[7]A6<=& 62E-I+78*N
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MM![0L."%+!'E7[2OVSH6"K="LK0.5G>0QEGUGWRMA>@$*(X^P*T#W+<&#.J
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M'E8[\6H:NE>:A@'4_?4%;FTJ-OM4XZR*_D5!FB?LF2J=C5,MI,M<@M)\4%H
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M;0PX JXGJ/=KQN330#LH3W;&_P%02P,$%     @ >8&*69UW0TG[ @  >0D
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MG::\/;:3ABY*RPTWC>W,_WG^:6:21JI'70(8=.!,Z'E0&E/-,-99"9SHD:Q
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MB:+J'-PYC\+FG K7OXN-'@%02P,$%     @ >8&*69>*NQS     $P(   L
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M45NAW?>!#[C.FN]F 0I%2G^4\(:^SFH\GRBE4;G,X-,S]H7GO$P%JT-H$&!
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M<R]W;W)K8F]O:RYX;6PN<F5L<\W:36[B0!"&X:L@'R"FJ[JKFE'(:C;91KF
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M^.OR^R*^+U97G.O[BN'I+U!+ P04    " !Y@8I9PH ,:SH"  !H,P  $P
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M/]C<_@102P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9!T%-8H$   "Q    $
M@ $     9&]C4')O<',O87!P+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BED5S'VT[@
M "L"   1              "  :\   !D;V-0<F]P<R]C;W)E+GAM;%!+ 0(4
M Q0    ( 'F!BEF97)PC$ 8  )PG   3              "  <P!  !X;"]T
M:&5M92]T:&5M93$N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*62"QB44T!@  82(  !@
M             ("!#0@  'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970Q+GAM;%!+ 0(4
M Q0    ( 'F!BEF3?C\LC0@   4I   8              " @7<.  !X;"]W
M;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T,BYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9@1EBW] #  "5
M#P  &               @($Z%P  >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#,N>&UL
M4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*66$A_+W2!0  ,1<  !@              ("!0!L
M 'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970T+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEF<V&2\
M, ,  ,8)   8              " @4@A  !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T
M-2YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9TZDL.(4#   3"P  &
M@(&N)   >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#8N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*
M69AOOF\@!P  .C$  !@              ("!:2@  'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O
M<VAE970W+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEG6^MDW/ (  , $   8
M      " @;\O  !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T."YX;6Q02P$"% ,4
M" !Y@8I93#MF(LH'   K(0  &               @($Q,@  >&PO=V]R:W-H
M965T<R]S:&5E=#DN>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*62N*I4A1 @  J 4  !D
M             ("!,3H  'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970Q,"YX;6Q02P$"
M% ,4    " !Y@8I9REH&Q H"  "N!   &0              @(&Y/   >&PO
M=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#$Q+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEF\L%5@+08
M #\/   9              " @?H^  !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T,3(N
M>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*60+\F@C"!P  K!$  !D              ("!
M7D4  'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970Q,RYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9
M7,$M)BH*   &'   &0              @(%730  >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S
M:&5E=#$T+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEFI@W\7BP0  &D+   9
M      " @;A7  !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T,34N>&UL4$L! A0#%
M  @ >8&*6>%!%U C!   ?@H  !D              ("!>EP  'AL+W=O<FMS
M:&5E=',O<VAE970Q-BYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9%<B.Y^@%  !B#P
M&0              @('48   >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#$W+GAM;%!+
M 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEG?ULE&OP@  ,D7   9              " @?-F  !X
M;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T,3@N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*6<0NE "/
M!@  V!(  !D              ("!Z6\  'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970Q
M.2YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9W+"&%9(%  #/#   &0
M@(&O=@  >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#(P+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!
MBEDASL 3- 0  +@)   9              " @7A\  !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S
M+W-H965T,C$N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*64>Z(-Z? P  R <  !D
M         ("!XX   'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970R,BYX;6Q02P$"% ,4
M    " !Y@8I9PX>?,VT#   @"   &0              @(&YA   >&PO=V]R
M:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#(S+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEF53_R TP,  '$(
M   9              " @5V(  !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T,C0N>&UL
M4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*6=IM.H#M P  >@D  !D              ("!9XP
M 'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970R-2YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9\%B\
M7P$#  #^!@  &0              @(&+D   >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E
M=#(V+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEG'X1VW(0H  /L7   9
M  " @<.3  !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T,C<N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @
M>8&*65RQO O+ @  &P8  !D              ("!&YX  'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E
M=',O<VAE970R."YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9^]OJS%0"   Y!0  &0
M            @($=H0  >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#(Y+GAM;%!+ 0(4
M Q0    ( 'F!BEE::(_@&@,  #D'   9              " @:BC  !X;"]W
M;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T,S N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*6=<2RTK% P
MJ @  !D              ("!^:8  'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970S,2YX
M;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9'CVNI)$"  "_!0  &0              @('U
MJ@  >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#,R+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEE#
M3%R-> ,  )D'   9              " @;VM  !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H
M965T,S,N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*64K/=2WV!@  T14  !D
M     ("!;+$  'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970S-"YX;6Q02P$"% ,4
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M+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEFA>M)B104  ' 1   9              "
M@4/,  !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T,SDN>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*
M69EY% 5/!   'PH  !D              ("!O]$  'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O
M<VAE970T,"YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9U7>Q4<P"  " !@  &0
M        @(%%U@  >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#0Q+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0
M   ( 'F!BEF+JYDI> (  /D%   9              " @4C9  !X;"]W;W)K
M<VAE971S+W-H965T-#(N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*6<#%FPH) P  9@<
M !D              ("!]]L  'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970T,RYX;6Q0
M2P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9[]8$._@"  #]!@  &0              @($WWP
M>&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#0T+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEDIP*[^
MP@(   $&   9              " @6;B  !X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T
M-#4N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*62_3 QV, P  10T  !D
M ("!7^4  'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970T-BYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y
M@8I9@9H8E<$#   T$0  &0              @($BZ0  >&PO=V]R:W-H965T
M<R]S:&5E=#0W+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEFCND*\Y@0  $X;   9
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M970U,BYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9RF)_6:0"   W!@  &0
M    @($4!P$ >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#4S+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    (
M 'F!BED\TN01F (  .T&   9              " @>\) 0!X;"]W;W)K<VAE
M971S+W-H965T-30N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*60N-5 Z% @  $ 8  !D
M             ("!O@P! 'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970U-2YX;6Q02P$"
M% ,4    " !Y@8I9LE 9.@$#   #"   &0              @(%Z#P$ >&PO
M=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#4V+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEE83[<-9@(
M #(&   9              " @;(2 0!X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T-3<N
M>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*63!Q;C;# @  T0<  !D              ("!
M3Q4! 'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970U."YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9
MH+I+^P #   7"P  &0              @(%)& $ >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S
M:&5E=#4Y+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BED\JSJ#PP(  )D(   9
M      " @8 ; 0!X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T-C N>&UL4$L! A0#%
M  @ >8&*6;9)#$[& @  S0D  !D              ("!>AX! 'AL+W=O<FMS
M:&5E=',O<VAE970V,2YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9WK1&!%T#   *#@
M&0              @(%W(0$ >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#8R+GAM;%!+
M 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEG@US.#\P,  + 3   9              " @0LE 0!X
M;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T-C,N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*649]@1+%
M @  ;@@  !D              ("!-2D! 'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970V
M-"YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9V:D(/CT#  ",#0  &0
M@($Q+ $ >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#8U+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!
MBEGUHB+KV@(  "X)   9              " @:4O 0!X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S
M+W-H965T-C8N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*69D_X*^& @  [P4  !D
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M=#<Q+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEFD458*@0,   @,   9
M  " @3]# 0!X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T-S(N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @
M>8&*6?%>05%(!0  J2,  !D              ("!]T8! 'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E
M=',O<VAE970W,RYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I92I=!P)(&  !2+   &0
M            @(%V3 $ >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#<T+GAM;%!+ 0(4
M Q0    ( 'F!BED+(#P!H@,  !D*   9              " @3]3 0!X;"]W
M;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T-S4N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*69]\=X/& P
M10L  !D              ("!&%<! 'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970W-BYX
M;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9KR=2\Z,"  #,!P  &0              @($5
M6P$ >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#<W+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEFM
MK>=TR (  , &   9              " @>]= 0!X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H
M965T-S@N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*66"@>XDH!@  RAL  !D
M     ("![F ! 'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970W.2YX;6Q02P$"% ,4
M" !Y@8I9&)!Q_>4"  "2"   &0              @(%-9P$ >&PO=V]R:W-H
M965T<R]S:&5E=#@P+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEF%*ZY@G@4    <   9
M              " @6EJ 0!X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T.#$N>&UL4$L!
M A0#%     @ >8&*626M#M7' @  1@<  !D              ("!/G ! 'AL
M+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970X,BYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I97VX.P6X"
M   C!0  &0              @($\<P$ >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#@S
M+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BEF3B!7O'04  /PB   9              "
M@>%U 0!X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T.#0N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*
M695&R:X' P  90@  !D              ("!-7L! 'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O
M<VAE970X-2YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I93@&4HG0"  #M!0  &0
M        @(%S?@$ >&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#@V+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0
M   ( 'F!BEE(HKJ^[0,  .41   9              " @1Z! 0!X;"]W;W)K
M<VAE971S+W-H965T.#<N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*69UW0TG[ @  >0D
M !D              ("!0H4! 'AL+W=O<FMS:&5E=',O<VAE970X."YX;6Q0
M2P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9GW%$"@ #  !-"   &0              @(%TB $
M>&PO=V]R:W-H965T<R]S:&5E=#@Y+GAM;%!+ 0(4 Q0    ( 'F!BED>+!G]
M1@(  +@%   9              " @:N+ 0!X;"]W;W)K<VAE971S+W-H965T
M.3 N>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*60>UA#TZ P  )!,   T
M ( !*(X! 'AL+W-T>6QE<RYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9EXJ[',     3
M @  "P              @ &-D0$ 7W)E;',O+G)E;'-02P$"% ,4    " !Y
M@8I9E_N-X_<&   U.P  #P              @ %VD@$ >&PO=V]R:V)O;VLN
M>&UL4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*6>;BI-"@ @  !34  !H              ( !
MFID! 'AL+U]R96QS+W=O<FMB;V]K+GAM;"YR96QS4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*
M6<* #&LZ @  :#,  !,              ( !<IP! %M#;VYT96YT7U1Y<&5S
;72YX;6Q02P4&     &( 8@#E&@  W9X!

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>103
<FILENAME>Show.js
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
// Edgar(tm) Renderer was created by staff of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission.  Data and content created by government employees within the scope of their employment are not subject to domestic copyright protection. 17 U.S.C. 105.
var Show={};Show.LastAR=null,Show.showAR=function(a,r,w){if(Show.LastAR)Show.hideAR();var e=a;while(e&&e.nodeName!='TABLE')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e||e.nodeName!='TABLE'){var ref=((window)?w.document:document).getElementById(r);if(ref){e=ref.cloneNode(!0);
e.removeAttribute('id');a.parentNode.appendChild(e)}}
if(e)e.style.display='block';Show.LastAR=e};Show.hideAR=function(){Show.LastAR.style.display='none'};Show.toggleNext=function(a){var e=a;while(e.nodeName!='DIV')e=e.nextSibling;if(!e.style){}else if(!e.style.display){}else{var d,p_;if(e.style.display=='none'){d='block';p='-'}else{d='none';p='+'}
e.style.display=d;if(a.textContent){a.textContent=p+a.textContent.substring(1)}else{a.innerText=p+a.innerText.substring(1)}}}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>104
<FILENAME>report.css
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
/* Updated 2009-11-04 */
/* v2.2.0.24 */

/* DefRef Styles */
..report table.authRefData{
	background-color: #def;
	border: 2px solid #2F4497;
	font-size: 1em;
	position: absolute;
}

..report table.authRefData a {
	display: block;
	font-weight: bold;
}

..report table.authRefData p {
	margin-top: 0px;
}

..report table.authRefData .hide {
	background-color: #2F4497;
	padding: 1px 3px 0px 0px;
	text-align: right;
}

..report table.authRefData .hide a:hover {
	background-color: #2F4497;
}

..report table.authRefData .body {
	height: 150px;
	overflow: auto;
	width: 400px;
}

..report table.authRefData table{
	font-size: 1em;
}

/* Report Styles */
..pl a, .pl a:visited {
	color: black;
	text-decoration: none;
}

/* table */
..report {
	background-color: white;
	border: 2px solid #acf;
	clear: both;
	color: black;
	font: normal 8pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	margin-bottom: 2em;
}

..report hr {
	border: 1px solid #acf;
}

/* Top labels */
..report th {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
	text-align: center;
}

..report th.void	{
	background-color: transparent;
	color: #000000;
	font: bold 10pt Helvetica, Arial, san-serif;
	text-align: left;
}

..report .pl {
	text-align: left;
	vertical-align: top;
	white-space: normal;
	width: 200px;
	white-space: normal; /* word-wrap: break-word; */
}

..report td.pl a.a {
	cursor: pointer;
	display: block;
	width: 200px;
	overflow: hidden;
}

..report td.pl div.a {
	width: 200px;
}

..report td.pl a:hover {
	background-color: #ffc;
}

/* Header rows... */
..report tr.rh {
	background-color: #acf;
	color: black;
	font-weight: bold;
}

/* Calendars... */
..report .rc {
	background-color: #f0f0f0;
}

/* Even rows... */
..report .re, .report .reu {
	background-color: #def;
}

..report .reu td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

/* Odd rows... */
..report .ro, .report .rou {
	background-color: white;
}

..report .rou td {
	border-bottom: 1px solid black;
}

..report .rou table td, .report .reu table td {
	border-bottom: 0px solid black;
}

/* styles for footnote marker */
..report .fn {
	white-space: nowrap;
}

/* styles for numeric types */
..report .num, .report .nump {
	text-align: right;
	white-space: nowrap;
}

..report .nump {
	padding-left: 2em;
}

..report .nump {
	padding: 0px 0.4em 0px 2em;
}

/* styles for text types */
..report .text {
	text-align: left;
	white-space: normal;
}

..report .text .big {
	margin-bottom: 1em;
	width: 17em;
}

..report .text .more {
	display: none;
}

..report .text .note {
	font-style: italic;
	font-weight: bold;
}

..report .text .small {
	width: 10em;
}

..report sup {
	font-style: italic;
}

..report .outerFootnotes {
	font-size: 1em;
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>106
<FILENAME>FilingSummary.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='utf-8'?>
<FilingSummary>
  <Version>3.24.3</Version>
  <ProcessingTime/>
  <ReportFormat>html</ReportFormat>
  <ContextCount>233</ContextCount>
  <ElementCount>301</ElementCount>
  <EntityCount>1</EntityCount>
  <FootnotesReported>true</FootnotesReported>
  <SegmentCount>73</SegmentCount>
  <ScenarioCount>0</ScenarioCount>
  <TuplesReported>false</TuplesReported>
  <UnitCount>6</UnitCount>
  <MyReports>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R1.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>00000001 - Document - Cover</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/Cover</Role>
      <ShortName>Cover</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Cover</MenuCategory>
      <Position>1</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R2.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>00000002 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets</Role>
      <ShortName>Consolidated Balance Sheets</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Statements</MenuCategory>
      <Position>2</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R3.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>00000003 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical</Role>
      <ShortName>Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Statements</MenuCategory>
      <Position>3</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R4.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>00000004 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome</Role>
      <ShortName>Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Statements</MenuCategory>
      <Position>4</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R5.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>00000005 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical</Role>
      <ShortName>Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Statements</MenuCategory>
      <Position>5</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R6.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>00000006 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome</Role>
      <ShortName>Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Statements</MenuCategory>
      <Position>6</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R7.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>00000007 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity</Role>
      <ShortName>Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Statements</MenuCategory>
      <Position>7</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R8.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>00000008 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquityParenthetical</Role>
      <ShortName>Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Statements</MenuCategory>
      <Position>8</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R9.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>00000009 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows</Role>
      <ShortName>Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Statements</MenuCategory>
      <Position>9</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R10.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995410 - Disclosure - Pay vs Performance Disclosure</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure</Role>
      <ShortName>Pay vs Performance Disclosure</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>10</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R11.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995445 - Disclosure - Insider Trading Arrangements</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements</Role>
      <ShortName>Insider Trading Arrangements</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>11</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R12.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995615 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentation</Role>
      <ShortName>Basis of Presentation</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>12</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R13.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995616 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformation</Role>
      <ShortName>Business Segment Information</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>13</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R14.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995617 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognition</Role>
      <ShortName>Revenue Recognition</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>14</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R15.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995618 - Disclosure - Leases</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/Leases</Role>
      <ShortName>Leases</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>15</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R16.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995619 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents</Role>
      <ShortName>Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>16</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R17.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995620 - Disclosure - Debt Securities</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/DebtSecurities</Role>
      <ShortName>Debt Securities</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>17</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R18.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995621 - Disclosure - Equity Investments</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestments</Role>
      <ShortName>Equity Investments</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>18</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R19.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995622 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurements</Role>
      <ShortName>Fair Value Measurements</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>19</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R20.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995623 - Disclosure - Variable Interest Entity</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntity</Role>
      <ShortName>Variable Interest Entity</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>20</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R21.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995624 - Disclosure - Other Operating Gain, Net</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNet</Role>
      <ShortName>Other Operating Gain, Net</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>21</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R22.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995625 - Disclosure - Revolving Credit Facility</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacility</Role>
      <ShortName>Revolving Credit Facility</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>22</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R23.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995626 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest</Role>
      <ShortName>Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>23</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R24.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995627 - Disclosure - Equity</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/Equity</Role>
      <ShortName>Equity</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>24</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R25.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995628 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShare</Role>
      <ShortName>Earnings Per Share</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>25</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R26.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995629 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss</Role>
      <ShortName>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>26</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R27.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995630 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingencies</Role>
      <ShortName>Commitments and Contingencies</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>27</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R28.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995631 - Disclosure - Other Expense, Net</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNet</Role>
      <ShortName>Other Expense, Net</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>28</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R29.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995632 - Disclosure - Income Taxes</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxes</Role>
      <ShortName>Income Taxes</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>29</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R30.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995633 - Disclosure - Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted</Role>
      <ShortName>Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Notes</MenuCategory>
      <Position>30</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R31.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995634 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Policies)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationPolicies</Role>
      <ShortName>Basis of Presentation (Policies)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Policies</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted</ParentRole>
      <Position>31</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R32.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995635 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Basis of Presentation (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentation</ParentRole>
      <Position>32</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R33.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995636 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Business Segment Information (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformation</ParentRole>
      <Position>33</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R34.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995637 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Revenue Recognition (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognition</ParentRole>
      <Position>34</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R35.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995638 - Disclosure - Leases (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Leases (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/Leases</ParentRole>
      <Position>35</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R36.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995639 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents</ParentRole>
      <Position>36</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R37.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995640 - Disclosure - Debt Securities (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Debt Securities (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/DebtSecurities</ParentRole>
      <Position>37</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R38.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995641 - Disclosure - Equity Investments (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Equity Investments (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestments</ParentRole>
      <Position>38</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R39.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995642 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Fair Value Measurements (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurements</ParentRole>
      <Position>39</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R40.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995643 - Disclosure - Variable Interest Entity (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntityTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Variable Interest Entity (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntity</ParentRole>
      <Position>40</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R41.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995644 - Disclosure - Other Operating Gain, Net (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNetTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Other Operating Gain, Net (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNet</ParentRole>
      <Position>41</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R42.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995645 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest</ParentRole>
      <Position>42</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R43.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995646 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Earnings Per Share (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShare</ParentRole>
      <Position>43</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R44.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995647 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss</ParentRole>
      <Position>44</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R45.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995648 - Disclosure - Other Expense, Net (Tables)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNetTables</Role>
      <ShortName>Other Expense, Net (Tables)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Tables</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNet</ParentRole>
      <Position>45</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R46.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995649 - Disclosure - Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>46</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R47.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995650 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Details Narrative)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative</Role>
      <ShortName>Basis of Presentation (Details Narrative)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationTables</ParentRole>
      <Position>47</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R48.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995651 - Disclosure - Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>48</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R49.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995652 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information (Details Narrative)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative</Role>
      <ShortName>Business Segment Information (Details Narrative)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationTables</ParentRole>
      <Position>49</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R50.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995653 - Disclosure - Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>50</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R51.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995654 - Disclosure - Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>51</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R52.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995655 - Disclosure - Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>52</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R53.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995656 - Disclosure - Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>53</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R54.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995657 - Disclosure - Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>54</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R55.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995658 - Disclosure - Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>55</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R56.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995659 - Disclosure - Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company???s Operating Leases (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company???s Operating Leases (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>56</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R57.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995660 - Disclosure - Schedule of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>57</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R58.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995661 - Disclosure - Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>58</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R59.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995662 - Disclosure - Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>59</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R60.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995663 - Disclosure - Leases (Details Narrative)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative</Role>
      <ShortName>Leases (Details Narrative)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables</ParentRole>
      <Position>60</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R61.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995664 - Disclosure - Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>61</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R62.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995665 - Disclosure - Schedule of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>62</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R63.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995666 - Disclosure - Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>63</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R64.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995667 - Disclosure - Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>64</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R65.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995668 - Disclosure - Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>65</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R66.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995669 - Disclosure - Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>66</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R67.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995670 - Disclosure - Debt Securities (Details Narrative)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative</Role>
      <ShortName>Debt Securities (Details Narrative)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables</ParentRole>
      <Position>67</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R68.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995671 - Disclosure - Schedule of Equity Investments (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Equity Investments (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>68</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R69.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995672 - Disclosure - Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) (Parenthetical)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) (Parenthetical)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>69</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R70.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995673 - Disclosure - Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>70</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R71.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995674 - Disclosure - Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>71</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R72.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995675 - Disclosure - Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>72</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R73.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995676 - Disclosure - Equity Investments (Details Narrative)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative</Role>
      <ShortName>Equity Investments (Details Narrative)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables</ParentRole>
      <Position>73</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R74.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995677 - Disclosure - Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>74</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R75.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995678 - Disclosure - Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>75</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R76.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995679 - Disclosure - Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>76</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R77.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995680 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Details Narrative)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative</Role>
      <ShortName>Fair Value Measurements (Details Narrative)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables</ParentRole>
      <Position>77</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R78.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995681 - Disclosure - Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>78</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R79.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995682 - Disclosure - VIE???s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>VIE???s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>79</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R80.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995683 - Disclosure - Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>80</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R81.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995684 - Disclosure - Revolving Credit Facility (Details Narrative)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative</Role>
      <ShortName>Revolving Credit Facility (Details Narrative)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacility</ParentRole>
      <Position>81</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R82.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995685 - Disclosure - Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity???s Noncontrolling Interest (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity???s Noncontrolling Interest (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>82</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R83.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995686 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details Narrative)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative</Role>
      <ShortName>Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details Narrative)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables</ParentRole>
      <Position>83</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R84.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995687 - Disclosure - Equity (Details Narrative)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative</Role>
      <ShortName>Equity (Details Narrative)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables</ParentRole>
      <Position>84</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R85.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995688 - Disclosure - Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>85</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R86.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995689 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share (Details Narrative)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative</Role>
      <ShortName>Earnings Per Share (Details Narrative)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareTables</ParentRole>
      <Position>86</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R87.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995690 - Disclosure - Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss) (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss) (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>87</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R88.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995691 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative</Role>
      <ShortName>Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingencies</ParentRole>
      <Position>88</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R89.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995692 - Disclosure - Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net (Details)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails</Role>
      <ShortName>Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net (Details)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <Position>89</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report instance="form10-q.htm">
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <HtmlFileName>R90.htm</HtmlFileName>
      <LongName>995693 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details Narrative)</LongName>
      <ReportType>Sheet</ReportType>
      <Role>http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative</Role>
      <ShortName>Income Taxes (Details Narrative)</ShortName>
      <MenuCategory>Details</MenuCategory>
      <ParentRole>http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxes</ParentRole>
      <Position>90</Position>
    </Report>
    <Report>
      <IsDefault>false</IsDefault>
      <HasEmbeddedReports>false</HasEmbeddedReports>
      <LongName>All Reports</LongName>
      <ReportType>Book</ReportType>
      <ShortName>All Reports</ShortName>
    </Report>
  </MyReports>
  <InputFiles>
    <File doctype="10-Q" isDefinitelyFs="true" isUsgaap="true" original="form10-q.htm">form10-q.htm</File>
    <File>idt-20241031.xsd</File>
    <File>idt-20241031_cal.xml</File>
    <File>idt-20241031_def.xml</File>
    <File>idt-20241031_lab.xml</File>
    <File>idt-20241031_pre.xml</File>
  </InputFiles>
  <SupplementalFiles/>
  <BaseTaxonomies>
    <BaseTaxonomy items="3">http://fasb.org/srt/2024</BaseTaxonomy>
    <BaseTaxonomy items="862">http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024</BaseTaxonomy>
    <BaseTaxonomy items="32">http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024</BaseTaxonomy>
  </BaseTaxonomies>
  <HasPresentationLinkbase>true</HasPresentationLinkbase>
  <HasCalculationLinkbase>true</HasCalculationLinkbase>
</FilingSummary>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>JSON
<SEQUENCE>109
<FILENAME>MetaLinks.json
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
{
 "version": "2.2",
 "instance": {
  "form10-q.htm": {
   "nsprefix": "IDT",
   "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
   "dts": {
    "inline": {
     "local": [
      "form10-q.htm"
     ]
    },
    "schema": {
     "local": [
      "idt-20241031.xsd"
     ],
     "remote": [
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-instance-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xbrl-linkbase-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xl-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/xlink-2003-12-31.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2005/xbrldt-2005.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/2006/ref-2006-02-27.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/negated-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/net-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "http://www.xbrl.org/lrr/role/reference-2009-12-16.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/2020/extensible-enumerations-2.0.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2020-01-21/types.xsd",
      "https://www.xbrl.org/dtr/type/2022-03-31/types.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-2024.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-roles-2024.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2024/elts/srt-types-2024.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-gaap-2024.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-roles-2024.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2024/elts/us-types-2024.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2024/country-2024.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024/dei-2024.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024/ecd-2024.xsd",
      "https://xbrl.sec.gov/stpr/2024/stpr-2024.xsd"
     ]
    },
    "calculationLink": {
     "local": [
      "idt-20241031_cal.xml"
     ]
    },
    "definitionLink": {
     "local": [
      "idt-20241031_def.xml"
     ]
    },
    "labelLink": {
     "local": [
      "idt-20241031_lab.xml"
     ]
    },
    "presentationLink": {
     "local": [
      "idt-20241031_pre.xml"
     ]
    }
   },
   "keyStandard": 275,
   "keyCustom": 26,
   "axisStandard": 23,
   "axisCustom": 0,
   "memberStandard": 35,
   "memberCustom": 35,
   "hidden": {
    "total": 164,
    "http://idt.net/20241031": 46,
    "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024": 113,
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024": 5
   },
   "contextCount": 233,
   "entityCount": 1,
   "segmentCount": 73,
   "elementCount": 591,
   "unitCount": 6,
   "baseTaxonomies": {
    "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024": 862,
    "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024": 32,
    "http://fasb.org/srt/2024": 3
   },
   "report": {
    "R1": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/Cover",
     "longName": "00000001 - Document - Cover",
     "shortName": "Cover",
     "isDefault": "true",
     "groupType": "document",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Cover",
     "order": "1",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "dei:DocumentType",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "b",
       "span",
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "dei:DocumentType",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "b",
       "span",
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R2": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
     "longName": "00000002 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets",
     "shortName": "Consolidated Balance Sheets",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "statement",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Statements",
     "order": "2",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesCurrent",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R3": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical",
     "longName": "00000003 - Statement - Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)",
     "shortName": "Consolidated Balance Sheets (Parenthetical)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "statement",
     "subGroupType": "parenthetical",
     "menuCat": "Statements",
     "order": "3",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R4": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome",
     "longName": "00000004 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)",
     "shortName": "Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "statement",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Statements",
     "order": "4",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:Revenues",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CostOfRevenue",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R5": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical",
     "longName": "00000005 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)",
     "shortName": "Consolidated Statements of Income (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "statement",
     "subGroupType": "parenthetical",
     "menuCat": "Statements",
     "order": "5",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember",
      "name": "us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R6": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome",
     "longName": "00000006 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)",
     "shortName": "Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Unaudited)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "statement",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Statements",
     "order": "6",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ProfitLoss",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R7": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity",
     "longName": "00000007 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited)",
     "shortName": "Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "statement",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Statements",
     "order": "7",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2023-07-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2023-07-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R8": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquityParenthetical",
     "longName": "00000008 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)",
     "shortName": "Consolidated Statements of Equity (Unaudited) (Parenthetical)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "statement",
     "subGroupType": "parenthetical",
     "menuCat": "Statements",
     "order": "8",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared",
      "unitRef": "USDPShares",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared",
      "unitRef": "USDPShares",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R9": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows",
     "longName": "00000009 - Statement - Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)",
     "shortName": "Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "statement",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Statements",
     "order": "9",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ProfitLoss",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R10": {
     "role": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure",
     "longName": "995410 - Disclosure - Pay vs Performance Disclosure",
     "shortName": "Pay vs Performance Disclosure",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "10",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": null
    },
    "R11": {
     "role": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements",
     "longName": "995445 - Disclosure - Insider Trading Arrangements",
     "shortName": "Insider Trading Arrangements",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "11",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "IDT:NoInsiderTradingFlag",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "IDT:NoInsiderTradingFlag",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R12": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentation",
     "longName": "995615 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation",
     "shortName": "Basis of Presentation",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "12",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R13": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformation",
     "longName": "995616 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information",
     "shortName": "Business Segment Information",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "13",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R14": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognition",
     "longName": "995617 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition",
     "shortName": "Revenue Recognition",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "14",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R15": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/Leases",
     "longName": "995618 - Disclosure - Leases",
     "shortName": "Leases",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "15",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R16": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents",
     "longName": "995619 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents",
     "shortName": "Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "16",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R17": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/DebtSecurities",
     "longName": "995620 - Disclosure - Debt Securities",
     "shortName": "Debt Securities",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "17",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R18": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestments",
     "longName": "995621 - Disclosure - Equity Investments",
     "shortName": "Equity Investments",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "18",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R19": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurements",
     "longName": "995622 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements",
     "shortName": "Fair Value Measurements",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "19",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R20": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntity",
     "longName": "995623 - Disclosure - Variable Interest Entity",
     "shortName": "Variable Interest Entity",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "20",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R21": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNet",
     "longName": "995624 - Disclosure - Other Operating Gain, Net",
     "shortName": "Other Operating Gain, Net",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "21",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R22": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacility",
     "longName": "995625 - Disclosure - Revolving Credit Facility",
     "shortName": "Revolving Credit Facility",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "22",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:DebtDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:DebtDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R23": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest",
     "longName": "995626 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest",
     "shortName": "Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "23",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R24": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/Equity",
     "longName": "995627 - Disclosure - Equity",
     "shortName": "Equity",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "24",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R25": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShare",
     "longName": "995628 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share",
     "shortName": "Earnings Per Share",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "25",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R26": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss",
     "longName": "995629 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss",
     "shortName": "Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "26",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R27": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingencies",
     "longName": "995630 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies",
     "shortName": "Commitments and Contingencies",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "27",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R28": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNet",
     "longName": "995631 - Disclosure - Other Expense, Net",
     "shortName": "Other Expense, Net",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "28",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R29": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxes",
     "longName": "995632 - Disclosure - Income Taxes",
     "shortName": "Income Taxes",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "29",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R30": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted",
     "longName": "995633 - Disclosure - Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted",
     "shortName": "Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "",
     "menuCat": "Notes",
     "order": "30",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R31": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationPolicies",
     "longName": "995634 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Policies)",
     "shortName": "Basis of Presentation (Policies)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "policies",
     "menuCat": "Policies",
     "order": "31",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R32": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationTables",
     "longName": "995635 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Basis of Presentation (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "32",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription",
       "us-gaap:BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription",
       "us-gaap:BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R33": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationTables",
     "longName": "995636 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Business Segment Information (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "33",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R34": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables",
     "longName": "995637 - Disclosure - Revenue Recognition (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Revenue Recognition (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "34",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R35": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables",
     "longName": "995638 - Disclosure - Leases (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Leases (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "35",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R36": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables",
     "longName": "995639 - Disclosure - Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "36",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R37": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables",
     "longName": "995640 - Disclosure - Debt Securities (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Debt Securities (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "37",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R38": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables",
     "longName": "995641 - Disclosure - Equity Investments (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Equity Investments (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "38",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R39": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables",
     "longName": "995642 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Fair Value Measurements (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "39",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R40": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntityTables",
     "longName": "995643 - Disclosure - Variable Interest Entity (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Variable Interest Entity (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "40",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R41": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNetTables",
     "longName": "995644 - Disclosure - Other Operating Gain, Net (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Other Operating Gain, Net (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "41",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "IDT:ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "IDT:ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R42": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables",
     "longName": "995645 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "42",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R43": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareTables",
     "longName": "995646 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Earnings Per Share (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "43",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R44": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables",
     "longName": "995647 - Disclosure - Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "44",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R45": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNetTables",
     "longName": "995648 - Disclosure - Other Expense, Net (Tables)",
     "shortName": "Other Expense, Net (Tables)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "tables",
     "menuCat": "Tables",
     "order": "45",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R46": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails",
     "longName": "995649 - Disclosure - Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "46",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-012024-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_custom_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember",
      "name": "us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription",
       "us-gaap:BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R47": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative",
     "longName": "995650 - Disclosure - Basis of Presentation (Details Narrative)",
     "shortName": "Basis of Presentation (Details Narrative)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "47",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-07-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember",
      "name": "us-gaap:SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-5",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription",
       "us-gaap:BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R48": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails",
     "longName": "995651 - Disclosure - Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "48",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:Revenues",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember42971156",
      "name": "us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R49": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative",
     "longName": "995652 - Disclosure - Business Segment Information (Details Narrative)",
     "shortName": "Business Segment Information (Details Narrative)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "49",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2023-08-012024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:NumberOfReportableSegments",
      "unitRef": "Segments",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2023-08-012024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:NumberOfReportableSegments",
      "unitRef": "Segments",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R50": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails",
     "longName": "995653 - Disclosure - Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "50",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:Revenues",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember",
      "name": "us-gaap:Revenues",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R51": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails",
     "longName": "995654 - Disclosure - Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "51",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:Revenues",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US",
      "name": "us-gaap:Revenues",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R52": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails",
     "longName": "995655 - Disclosure - Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "52",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31_2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31_2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R53": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails",
     "longName": "995656 - Disclosure - Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "53",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R54": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails",
     "longName": "995657 - Disclosure - Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "54",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R55": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails",
     "longName": "995658 - Disclosure - Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "55",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "IDT:AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "IDT:AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R56": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails",
     "longName": "995659 - Disclosure - Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company\u2019s Operating Leases (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company\u2019s Operating Leases (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "56",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R57": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails",
     "longName": "995660 - Disclosure - Schedule of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "57",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "IDT:ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1",
      "unitRef": null,
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": "en-US",
      "decimals": null,
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "IDT:ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R58": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails",
     "longName": "995661 - Disclosure - Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "58",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "IDT:ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "IDT:ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R59": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails",
     "longName": "995662 - Disclosure - Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "59",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R60": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative",
     "longName": "995663 - Disclosure - Leases (Details Narrative)",
     "shortName": "Leases (Details Narrative)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "60",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-5",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-5",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R61": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails",
     "longName": "995664 - Disclosure - Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "61",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": null
    },
    "R62": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails",
     "longName": "995665 - Disclosure - Schedule of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "62",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R63": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails",
     "longName": "995666 - Disclosure - Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "63",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R64": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails",
     "longName": "995667 - Disclosure - Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "64",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R65": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails",
     "longName": "995668 - Disclosure - Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "65",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R66": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails",
     "longName": "995669 - Disclosure - Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "66",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "IDT:ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "IDT:ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R67": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative",
     "longName": "995670 - Disclosure - Debt Securities (Details Narrative)",
     "shortName": "Debt Securities (Details Narrative)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "67",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-5",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-5",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R68": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails",
     "longName": "995671 - Disclosure - Schedule of Equity Investments (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Equity Investments (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "68",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31_custom_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember",
      "name": "us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R69": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical",
     "longName": "995672 - Disclosure - Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) (Parenthetical)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Equity Investments (Details) (Parenthetical)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "parenthetical",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "69",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember",
      "name": "IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived",
      "unitRef": "Shares",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived",
       "span",
       "span",
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember",
      "name": "IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived",
      "unitRef": "Shares",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived",
       "span",
       "span",
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R70": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails",
     "longName": "995673 - Disclosure - Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "70",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-07-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-07-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R71": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails",
     "longName": "995674 - Disclosure - Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "71",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R72": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails",
     "longName": "995675 - Disclosure - Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments (Details)",
     "shortName": "Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "72",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember",
      "name": "us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R73": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative",
     "longName": "995676 - Disclosure - Equity Investments (Details Narrative)",
     "shortName": "Equity Investments (Details Narrative)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "73",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2016-06-30",
      "name": "us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares",
      "unitRef": "Shares",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2016-06-30",
      "name": "us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares",
      "unitRef": "Shares",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R74": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails",
     "longName": "995677 - Disclosure - Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "74",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember",
      "name": "us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R75": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details",
     "longName": "995678 - Disclosure - Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "75",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-07-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-07-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R76": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details",
     "longName": "995679 - Disclosure - Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3) (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "76",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-07-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-07-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R77": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative",
     "longName": "995680 - Disclosure - Fair Value Measurements (Details Narrative)",
     "shortName": "Fair Value Measurements (Details Narrative)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "77",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-5",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-5",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R78": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails",
     "longName": "995681 - Disclosure - Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "78",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R79": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails",
     "longName": "995682 - Disclosure - VIE\u2019s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details)",
     "shortName": "VIE\u2019s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "79",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember",
      "name": "us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "srt:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R80": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails",
     "longName": "995683 - Disclosure - Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "80",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2023-08-012023-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:LegalFees",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "IDT:ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2023-08-012023-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:LegalFees",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "IDT:ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R81": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative",
     "longName": "995684 - Disclosure - Revolving Credit Facility (Details Narrative)",
     "shortName": "Revolving Credit Facility (Details Narrative)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "81",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember",
      "name": "us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-5",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:DebtDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R82": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails",
     "longName": "995685 - Disclosure - Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity\u2019s Noncontrolling Interest (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity\u2019s Noncontrolling Interest (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "82",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember",
      "name": "us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember",
      "name": "us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R83": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative",
     "longName": "995686 - Disclosure - Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details Narrative)",
     "shortName": "Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest (Details Narrative)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "83",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember",
      "name": "IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction",
      "unitRef": "Pure",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember",
      "name": "IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction",
      "unitRef": "Pure",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R84": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative",
     "longName": "995687 - Disclosure - Equity (Details Narrative)",
     "shortName": "Equity (Details Narrative)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "84",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividends",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_CommonClassAandBMember",
      "name": "us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid",
      "unitRef": "USDPShares",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R85": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails",
     "longName": "995688 - Disclosure - Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "85",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic",
      "unitRef": "Shares",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2023-08-012023-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants",
      "unitRef": "Shares",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R86": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative",
     "longName": "995689 - Disclosure - Earnings Per Share (Details Narrative)",
     "shortName": "Earnings Per Share (Details Narrative)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "86",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount",
      "unitRef": "Shares",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount",
      "unitRef": "Shares",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R87": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails",
     "longName": "995690 - Disclosure - Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss) (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss) (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "87",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-07-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember",
      "name": "us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R88": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative",
     "longName": "995691 - Disclosure - Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative)",
     "shortName": "Commitments and Contingencies (Details Narrative)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "88",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-5",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "AsOf2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-5",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R89": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails",
     "longName": "995692 - Disclosure - Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net (Details)",
     "shortName": "Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net (Details)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "89",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized",
      "unitRef": "USD",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "-3",
      "ancestors": [
       "td",
       "tr",
       "table",
       "us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock",
       "us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    },
    "R90": {
     "role": "http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative",
     "longName": "995693 - Disclosure - Income Taxes (Details Narrative)",
     "shortName": "Income Taxes (Details Narrative)",
     "isDefault": "false",
     "groupType": "disclosure",
     "subGroupType": "details",
     "menuCat": "Details",
     "order": "90",
     "firstAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations",
      "unitRef": "Pure",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     },
     "uniqueAnchor": {
      "contextRef": "From2024-08-01to2024-10-31",
      "name": "us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations",
      "unitRef": "Pure",
      "xsiNil": "false",
      "lang": null,
      "decimals": "INF",
      "ancestors": [
       "span",
       "span",
       "p",
       "us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock",
       "body",
       "html"
      ],
      "reportCount": 1,
      "baseRef": "form10-q.htm",
      "first": true,
      "unique": true
     }
    }
   },
   "tag": {
    "us-gaap_AccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AccountingChangesAndErrorCorrectionsAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Accounting Changes and Error Corrections [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_AccountingPoliciesAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AccountingPoliciesAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Accounting Policies [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AccountsPayableCurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Trade accounts payable",
        "documentation": "Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of liabilities incurred (and for which invoices have typically been received) and payable to vendors for goods and services received that are used in an entity's business. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r63",
      "r939"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Accrued expenses",
        "documentation": "Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities. Used to reflect the current portion of the liabilities (due within one year or within the normal operating cycle if longer)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r66"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Accrued liabilities",
        "documentation": "Carrying value as of the balance sheet date of obligations incurred and payable, pertaining to costs that are statutory in nature, are incurred on contractual obligations, or accumulate over time and for which invoices have not yet been received or will not be rendered. Examples include taxes, interest, rent and utilities."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r119"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "AOCI, Accumulated Gain (Loss), Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Parent [Member]",
        "documentation": "Accumulated unrealized gain (loss) on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), attributable to parent."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r197",
      "r198",
      "r199",
      "r201",
      "r208",
      "r209",
      "r1082"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r207",
      "r208",
      "r578",
      "r580",
      "r581",
      "r582",
      "r583",
      "r584"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_StockholdersEquity",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 5.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Accumulated other comprehensive loss",
        "verboseLabel": "Accumulated other comprehensive income",
        "periodStartLabel": "Accumulated other comprehensive loss",
        "periodEndLabel": "Accumulated other comprehensive loss",
        "documentation": "Amount, after tax, of accumulated increase (decrease) in equity from transaction and other event and circumstance from nonowner source."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r18",
      "r19",
      "r83",
      "r192",
      "r701",
      "r749",
      "r753"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r207",
      "r208",
      "r578",
      "r580",
      "r581",
      "r582",
      "r583",
      "r584"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]",
        "documentation": "Accumulated increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from non-owner sources, attributable to the parent. Excludes net income (loss), and accumulated changes in equity from transactions resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1",
      "r11",
      "r19",
      "r533",
      "r536",
      "r606",
      "r744",
      "r745",
      "r1082",
      "r1083",
      "r1084",
      "r1091",
      "r1092",
      "r1093",
      "r1095"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Accumulated Foreign Currency Adjustment Attributable to Parent [Member]",
        "documentation": "Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) resulting from foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature, attributable to the parent."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2",
      "r11",
      "r19",
      "r81",
      "r82",
      "r208",
      "r209",
      "r580",
      "r581",
      "r582",
      "r583",
      "r584",
      "r1082"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "Additional402vDisclosureTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Additional 402(v) Disclosure"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1014"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AdditionalPaidInCapital",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_StockholdersEquity",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Additional paid-in capital",
        "documentation": "Amount of excess of issue price over par or stated value of stock and from other transaction involving stock or stockholder. Includes, but is not limited to, additional paid-in capital (APIC) for common and preferred stock."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r75",
      "r939",
      "r1230"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Additional Paid-in Capital [Member]",
        "documentation": "Excess of issue price over par or stated value of the entity's capital stock and amounts received from other transactions involving the entity's stock or stockholders."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r765",
      "r1091",
      "r1092",
      "r1093",
      "r1095",
      "r1162",
      "r1232"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AdjToCompAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AdjToCompAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Adjustment to Compensation, Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1020"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AdjToCompAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AdjToCompAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Adjustment to Compensation [Axis]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1020"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AdjToNonPeoNeoCompFnTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Adjustment to Non-PEO NEO Compensation Footnote"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1020"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AdjToPeoCompFnTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Adjustment To PEO Compensation, Footnote"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1020"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Adjustment for observable transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer",
        "documentation": "Adjustment for observable transactions involving similar investment from same issuer."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Stock issued to an executive officer for bonus payment",
        "verboseLabel": "Shares of the Company\u2019s Class B common stock issued to an executive officer for bonus payment",
        "documentation": "Amount of other increase (decrease) in additional paid in capital (APIC)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Stock-based compensation",
        "label": "APIC, Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Increase for Cost Recognition",
        "documentation": "Amount of increase to additional paid-in capital (APIC) for recognition of cost for award under share-based payment arrangement."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r51",
      "r52",
      "r468"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AdjustmentsToReconcileNetIncomeLossToCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ecd_AggtErrCompAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AggtErrCompAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r985",
      "r996",
      "r1006",
      "r1031"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AggtErrCompNotYetDeterminedTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Not Yet Determined"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r988",
      "r999",
      "r1009",
      "r1034"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AllAdjToCompMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AllAdjToCompMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1020"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AllExecutiveCategoriesMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AllExecutiveCategoriesMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1027"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AllIndividualsMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AllIndividualsMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure",
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure",
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "auth_ref": [
      "r989",
      "r1000",
      "r1010",
      "r1027",
      "r1035",
      "r1039",
      "r1047"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Allowance for doubtful accounts receivable current",
        "documentation": "Amount of allowance for credit loss on accounts receivable, classified as current."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r193",
      "r305",
      "r355"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amended and Restated Employment Agreement [Member]",
        "documentation": "Amended And Restated Employment Agreement [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_AmendmentDescription": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "AmendmentDescription",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amendment Description",
        "documentation": "Description of changes contained within amended document."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_AmendmentFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "AmendmentFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amendment Flag",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs",
        "documentation": "Amortization Of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs [Table Text Block]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amortization of equity method basis difference",
        "documentation": "Amortization of equity method basis difference."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_AnnualInformationForm": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "AnnualInformationForm",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Annual Information Form",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag with value true on a form if it is an annual report containing an annual information form."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r992"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share",
        "documentation": "Securities (including those issuable pursuant to contingent stock agreements) that could potentially dilute basic earnings per share (EPS) or earnings per unit (EPU) in the future that were not included in the computation of diluted EPS or EPU because to do so would increase EPS or EPU amounts or decrease loss per share or unit amounts for the period presented."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r261"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Collaborative arrangement and arrangement other than collaborative applicable to revenue-generating activity or operations."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r524"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_Assets": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "Assets",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": null,
       "weight": null,
       "order": null,
       "root": true
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Total assets",
        "label": "Total assets",
        "documentation": "Amount of asset recognized for present right to economic benefit."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r118",
      "r131",
      "r186",
      "r224",
      "r265",
      "r273",
      "r291",
      "r295",
      "r348",
      "r406",
      "r407",
      "r408",
      "r409",
      "r410",
      "r411",
      "r412",
      "r413",
      "r414",
      "r526",
      "r530",
      "r573",
      "r695",
      "r808",
      "r900",
      "r901",
      "r939",
      "r966",
      "r1148",
      "r1149",
      "r1186"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AssetsAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AssetsAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Assets"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_AssetsCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AssetsCurrent",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_Assets",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Total current assets",
        "label": "Assets, Current",
        "documentation": "Amount of asset recognized for present right to economic benefit, classified as current."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r180",
      "r196",
      "r224",
      "r348",
      "r406",
      "r407",
      "r408",
      "r409",
      "r410",
      "r411",
      "r412",
      "r413",
      "r414",
      "r526",
      "r530",
      "r573",
      "r939",
      "r1148",
      "r1149",
      "r1186"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AssetsCurrentAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AssetsCurrentAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Current assets:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Audited Annual Financial Statements",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag with value true on a form if it is an annual report containing audited financial statements."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r992"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax",
        "documentation": "Amount, before tax, of unrealized gain in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r312"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax",
        "label": "Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Loss, before Tax",
        "documentation": "Amount, before tax, of unrealized loss in accumulated other comprehensive income (AOCI) on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r313"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost",
        "documentation": "Amortized cost of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r309",
      "r362",
      "r694"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "After five years through ten years",
        "documentation": "Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing in sixth through tenth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r318",
      "r691"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "After one year through five years",
        "documentation": "Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing in second through fifth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r317",
      "r690"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 4.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "After ten years",
        "documentation": "Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing after tenth fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r319",
      "r692"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Within one year",
        "documentation": "Fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), with single maturity date and allocated without single maturity date, maturing in next fiscal year following current fiscal year. Excludes interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported from current statement of financial position date (rolling approach)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r316",
      "r689"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails": {
       "parentTag": null,
       "weight": null,
       "order": null,
       "root": true
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContractualMaturitiesOfAvailable-for-saleDebtSecuritiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale",
        "totalLabel": "Total",
        "verboseLabel": "Debt securities",
        "documentation": "Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r310",
      "r362",
      "r547",
      "r681",
      "r927",
      "r931",
      "r1111",
      "r1167",
      "r1168",
      "r1169"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AwardExrcPrice": {
     "xbrltype": "perShareItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AwardExrcPrice",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Exercise Price"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1042"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AwardGrantDateFairValue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AwardGrantDateFairValue",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fair Value as of Grant Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1043"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AwardTmgDiscLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AwardTmgDiscLineItems",
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1038"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AwardTmgHowMnpiCnsdrdTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Award Timing, How MNPI Considered"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1038"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AwardTmgMethodTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AwardTmgMethodTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Award Timing Method"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1038"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AwardTmgMnpiCnsdrdFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Award Timing MNPI Considered"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1038"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AwardTmgMnpiDiscTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Award Timing MNPI Disclosure"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1038"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AwardTmgPredtrmndFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Award Timing Predetermined"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1038"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "AwardTypeAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Award Type [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by type of award under share-based payment arrangement."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r469",
      "r470",
      "r471",
      "r472",
      "r473",
      "r474",
      "r475",
      "r476",
      "r477",
      "r478",
      "r479",
      "r480",
      "r481",
      "r482",
      "r483",
      "r484",
      "r485",
      "r486",
      "r487",
      "r488",
      "r489",
      "r490",
      "r491",
      "r492",
      "r493",
      "r494"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "decimalItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AwardUndrlygSecuritiesAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Underlying Securities"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1041"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscIndName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Name",
        "label": "Awards Close in Time to MNPI Disclosures, Individual Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1040"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Awards Close in Time to MNPI Disclosures [Table]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1039"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "AwardsCloseToMnpiDiscTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Awards Close in Time to MNPI Disclosures, Table"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1039"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_BOSSRevolutionMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "BOSSRevolutionMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "BOSS Revolution [Member]",
        "documentation": "BOSS Revolution [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "BOSS Revolution Money Transfer [Member]",
        "documentation": "BOSS Revolution Money Transfer [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentation"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Basis of Presentation",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for the basis of presentation and significant accounting policies concepts. Basis of presentation describes the underlying basis used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS). Accounting policies describe all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r101"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_BillPereiraMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "BillPereiraMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Bill Pereira [Member]",
        "documentation": "Bill Pereira [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities",
        "label": "Business Combination, Contingent Consideration, Liability, Current",
        "documentation": "Amount of liability recognized arising from contingent consideration in a business combination, expected to be settled within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r53",
      "r113"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities",
        "label": "Business Combination, Contingent Consideration, Liability, Noncurrent",
        "documentation": "Amount of liability recognized arising from contingent consideration in a business combination, expected to be settled beyond one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r53",
      "r113"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostAmortization": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CapitalizedContractCostAmortization",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs",
        "documentation": "Amount of amortization expense for asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r372"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CapitalizedContractCostNet",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails": {
       "parentTag": null,
       "weight": null,
       "order": null,
       "root": true
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Total",
        "label": "Capitalized Contract Cost, Net",
        "documentation": "Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r371"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in \u201cOther current assets\u201d",
        "documentation": "Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer; classified as current."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r371"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostNet",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Deferred customer contract acquisition costs included in \u201cOther assets\u201d",
        "documentation": "Amount, after accumulated amortization and accumulated impairment loss, of asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer; classified as noncurrent."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r371"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of cost capitalized in obtaining or fulfilling contract with customer."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1135"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CashAndCashEquivalentsAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Cash and Cash Equivalents [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_AssetsCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      },
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Cash and cash equivalents",
        "verboseLabel": "Cash and equivalents",
        "documentation": "Amount of currency on hand as well as demand deposits with banks or financial institutions. Includes other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits. Also includes short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Excludes cash and cash equivalents within disposal group and discontinued operation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r24",
      "r182",
      "r890"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for cash and cash equivalent footnotes, which may include the types of deposits and money market instruments, applicable carrying amounts, restricted amounts and compensating balance arrangements. Cash and equivalents include: (1) currency on hand (2) demand deposits with banks or financial institutions (3) other kinds of accounts that have the general characteristics of demand deposits (4) short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates. Generally, only investments maturing within three months from the date of acquisition qualify."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r182",
      "r698"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails": {
       "parentTag": null,
       "weight": null,
       "order": null,
       "root": true
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "periodStartLabel": "Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period",
        "periodEndLabel": "Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents at end of period",
        "totalLabel": "Total cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents",
        "label": "Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalents",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage. Excludes amount for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r24",
      "r98",
      "r221"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": null,
       "weight": null,
       "order": null,
       "root": true
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Net (decrease) increase in cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents",
        "label": "Cash, Cash Equivalents, Restricted Cash, and Restricted Cash Equivalents, Period Increase (Decrease), Including Exchange Rate Effect",
        "documentation": "Amount of increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; including effect from exchange rate change. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r0",
      "r98"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "ChangedPeerGroupFnTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Changed Peer Group, Footnote"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1018"
     ]
    },
    "dei_CityAreaCode": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "CityAreaCode",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "City Area Code",
        "documentation": "Area code of city"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_ClassBCommonStockMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "ClassBCommonStockMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Class B Common Stock [Member]",
        "documentation": "Class B Common Stock [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_ClassOfStockDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ClassOfStockDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover",
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Share of stock differentiated by the voting rights the holder receives. Examples include, but are not limited to, common stock, redeemable preferred stock, nonredeemable preferred stock, and convertible stock."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r142",
      "r189",
      "r190",
      "r191",
      "r224",
      "r252",
      "r256",
      "r258",
      "r260",
      "r267",
      "r268",
      "r348",
      "r406",
      "r408",
      "r409",
      "r410",
      "r413",
      "r414",
      "r429",
      "r430",
      "r433",
      "r436",
      "r443",
      "r573",
      "r757",
      "r758",
      "r759",
      "r760",
      "r765",
      "r766",
      "r767",
      "r768",
      "r769",
      "r770",
      "r771",
      "r772",
      "r773",
      "r774",
      "r775",
      "r776",
      "r796",
      "r818",
      "r838",
      "r866",
      "r867",
      "r868",
      "r869",
      "r870",
      "r1056",
      "r1087",
      "r1100"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ClassOfStockLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ClassOfStockLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Class of Stock [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r189",
      "r190",
      "r191",
      "r267",
      "r429",
      "r430",
      "r431",
      "r433",
      "r436",
      "r441",
      "r443",
      "r757",
      "r758",
      "r759",
      "r760",
      "r912",
      "r1056",
      "r1087"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_CoSelectedMeasureAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "decimalItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "CoSelectedMeasureAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Company Selected Measure Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1019"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_CoSelectedMeasureName": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "CoSelectedMeasureName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Company Selected Measure Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1019"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CommitmentsAndContingencies",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Commitments and contingencies",
        "documentation": "Represents the caption on the face of the balance sheet to indicate that the entity has entered into (1) purchase or supply arrangements that will require expending a portion of its resources to meet the terms thereof, and (2) is exposed to potential losses or, less frequently, gains, arising from (a) possible claims against a company's resources due to future performance under contract terms, and (b) possible losses or likely gains from uncertainties that will ultimately be resolved when one or more future events that are deemed likely to occur do occur or fail to occur."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r71",
      "r121",
      "r697",
      "r795"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Commitments and Contingencies Disclosure [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingencies"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Commitments and Contingencies",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for commitments and contingencies."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r104",
      "r396",
      "r397",
      "r874",
      "r1138",
      "r1140"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CommonClassAMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CommonClassAMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Common Class A [Member]",
        "documentation": "Classification of common stock representing ownership interest in a corporation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1232"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_CommonClassAandBMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "CommonClassAandBMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Class A and Class B Common Stock[Member]",
        "documentation": "Class A And Class B Common Stock[Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_CommonClassBMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CommonClassBMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover",
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Common Class B [Member]",
        "documentation": "Classification of common stock that has different rights than Common Class A, representing ownership interest in a corporation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1232"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid": {
     "xbrltype": "perShareItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Cash dividend per share",
        "documentation": "Aggregate dividends paid during the period for each share of common stock outstanding."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r112"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared": {
     "xbrltype": "perShareItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquityParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Dividends declared per share",
        "documentation": "Aggregate dividends declared during the period for each share of common stock outstanding."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r112"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CommonStockMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CommonStockMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Common Stock [Member]",
        "documentation": "Stock that is subordinate to all other stock of the issuer."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r956",
      "r957",
      "r958",
      "r960",
      "r961",
      "r962",
      "r963",
      "r1091",
      "r1092",
      "r1095",
      "r1162",
      "r1229",
      "r1232"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare": {
     "xbrltype": "perShareItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Common stock, par value",
        "documentation": "Face amount or stated value per share of common stock."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r74"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CommonStockSharesAuthorized",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Common stock, shares authorized",
        "documentation": "The maximum number of common shares permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r74",
      "r796"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CommonStockSharesIssued",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Common stock, shares issued",
        "documentation": "Total number of common shares of an entity that have been sold or granted to shareholders (includes common shares that were issued, repurchased and remain in the treasury). These shares represent capital invested by the firm's shareholders and owners, and may be all or only a portion of the number of shares authorized. Shares issued include shares outstanding and shares held in the treasury."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r74"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CommonStockSharesOutstanding",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Common stock, shares outstanding",
        "documentation": "Number of shares of common stock outstanding. Common stock represent the ownership interest in a corporation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13",
      "r74",
      "r796",
      "r814",
      "r1232",
      "r1233"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CommonStockValue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CommonStockValue",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_StockholdersEquity",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Class B common stock, $.01 par value; authorized shares\u2014200,000; 28,229 and 28,177 shares issued and 23,674 and 23,684 shares outstanding at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, respectively",
        "documentation": "Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable common stock (or common stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable common shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r74",
      "r700",
      "r939"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "CompActuallyPaidVsCoSelectedMeasureTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Compensation Actually Paid vs. Company Selected Measure"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1024"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "CompActuallyPaidVsNetIncomeTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Compensation Actually Paid vs. Net Income"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1023"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "CompActuallyPaidVsOtherMeasureTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Compensation Actually Paid vs. Other Measure"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1025"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "CompActuallyPaidVsTotalShareholderRtnTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Compensation Actually Paid vs. Total Shareholder Return"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1022"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome": {
       "parentTag": null,
       "weight": null,
       "order": null,
       "root": true
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Comprehensive income attributable to IDT Corporation",
        "label": "Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent",
        "documentation": "Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income, attributable to parent entity. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r20",
      "r204",
      "r206",
      "r214",
      "r686",
      "r714",
      "r716"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests",
        "label": "Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest",
        "documentation": "Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss), attributable to noncontrolling interests. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r6",
      "r56",
      "r61",
      "r204",
      "r206",
      "r213",
      "r685",
      "r714",
      "r715"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Comprehensive income",
        "label": "Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest",
        "documentation": "Amount after tax of increase (decrease) in equity from transactions and other events and circumstances from net income and other comprehensive income. Excludes changes in equity resulting from investments by owners and distributions to owners."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r61",
      "r115",
      "r204",
      "r206",
      "r212",
      "r684",
      "r714"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLoss"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for comprehensive income, which includes, but is not limited to, 1) the amount of income tax expense or benefit allocated to each component of other comprehensive income, including reclassification adjustments, 2) the reclassification adjustments for each classification of other comprehensive income and 3) the ending accumulated balances for each component of comprehensive income."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r80",
      "r211",
      "r683",
      "r712"
     ]
    },
    "srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Consolidated Entities [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by consolidated entity or group of entities."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r144",
      "r164",
      "r226",
      "r526",
      "r527",
      "r530",
      "r531",
      "r611",
      "r879",
      "r1075",
      "r1076",
      "r1077",
      "r1147",
      "r1150",
      "r1151"
     ]
    },
    "srt_ConsolidatedEntitiesDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "ConsolidatedEntitiesDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Entity or group of entities consolidated into reporting entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r144",
      "r164",
      "r226",
      "r526",
      "r527",
      "r530",
      "r531",
      "r611",
      "r879",
      "r1075",
      "r1076",
      "r1077",
      "r1147",
      "r1150",
      "r1151"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Consolidation, Less than Wholly Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effects of Changes, Net [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ConsolidationLessThanWhollyOwnedSubsidiaryParentOwnershipInterestEffectsOfChangesNetTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Consolidation, Less-than-Wholly-Owned Subsidiary, Parent Ownership Interest, Effect of Change [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about effect of change in parent's ownership interest in subsidiary on equity attributable to parent. Excludes change from deconsolidation of subsidiary."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r12",
      "r62"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities",
        "documentation": "Contingent consideration included in other liabilities."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Information About Contract Liabilities",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of receivable, contract asset, and contract liability from contract with customer. Includes, but is not limited to, change in contract asset and contract liability."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1154"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Deferred revenue",
        "documentation": "Amount of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable, classified as current."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r445",
      "r446",
      "r456"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfInformationAboutContractLiabilitiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Revenue recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period",
        "documentation": "Amount of revenue recognized that was previously included in balance of obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration from customer has been received or is due."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r457"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ConvertiblePreferredStockMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]",
        "documentation": "Preferred stock that may be exchanged into common shares or other types of securities at the owner's option."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r429",
      "r430",
      "r433",
      "r960",
      "r961",
      "r962",
      "r963"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CorporateBondSecuritiesMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Corporate Bond Securities [Member]",
        "documentation": "This category includes information about long-term debt securities that are issued by either a domestic or foreign corporate business entity with a date certain promise of repayment and a return to the holder for the time value of money (for example, variable or fixed interest, original issue discount)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_CorporateMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CorporateMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Corporate Segment [Member]",
        "documentation": "Component of an entity that usually provides financial, operational and administrative support and is considered an operating segment. Excludes intersegment elimination and reconciling items."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1103"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_CorporateOther": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "CorporateOther",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Corporate\u2014other",
        "documentation": "Corporate other.",
        "label": "CorporateOther"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_CostOfRevenue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CostOfRevenue",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_GrossProfit",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Direct cost of revenues",
        "documentation": "The aggregate cost of goods produced and sold and services rendered during the reporting period."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r88",
      "r224",
      "r348",
      "r406",
      "r407",
      "r408",
      "r409",
      "r410",
      "r411",
      "r412",
      "r413",
      "r414",
      "r573",
      "r900",
      "r1148"
     ]
    },
    "dei_CountryRegion": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "CountryRegion",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Country Region",
        "documentation": "Region code of country"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_CoverAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "CoverAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Cover page."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_CreditFacilityAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CreditFacilityAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Credit Facility [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by type of credit facility. Credit facilities provide capital to borrowers without the need to structure a loan for each borrowing."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r405",
      "r1145"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_CreditFacilityDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "CreditFacilityDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Type of credit facility. Credit facilities provide capital to borrowers without the need to structure a loan for each borrowing."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r405",
      "r1145",
      "r1146"
     ]
    },
    "dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate": {
     "xbrltype": "gMonthDayItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "CurrentFiscalYearEndDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Current Fiscal Year End Date",
        "documentation": "End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DebtDisclosureAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Debt Disclosure [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_DebtDisclosureTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DebtDisclosureTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacility"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Revolving Credit Facility",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for information about short-term and long-term debt arrangements, which includes amounts of borrowings under each line of credit, note payable, commercial paper issue, bonds indenture, debenture issue, own-share lending arrangements and any other contractual agreement to repay funds, and about the underlying arrangements, rationale for a classification as long-term, including repayment terms, interest rates, collateral provided, restrictions on use of assets and activities, whether or not in compliance with debt covenants, and other matters important to users of the financial statements, such as the effects of refinancing and noncompliance with debt covenants."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r105",
      "r222",
      "r387",
      "r388",
      "r389",
      "r390",
      "r391",
      "r404",
      "r405",
      "r415",
      "r416",
      "r417",
      "r418",
      "r419",
      "r420",
      "r421",
      "r423",
      "r424",
      "r425",
      "r427",
      "r585"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DebtInstrumentMaturityDate": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DebtInstrumentMaturityDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Debt instrument maturity date",
        "documentation": "Date when the debt instrument is scheduled to be fully repaid, in YYYY-MM-DD format."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r188",
      "r909",
      "r1168",
      "r1169"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fair Value",
        "documentation": "Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in continuous unrealized loss position for more than 12 months, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r135",
      "r366",
      "r906"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Unrealized Losses",
        "documentation": "Amount of accumulated unrealized loss on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months or longer, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r135",
      "r366"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1113",
      "r1114",
      "r1115",
      "r1116",
      "r1117",
      "r1118",
      "r1119",
      "r1120",
      "r1121",
      "r1122",
      "r1123",
      "r1124"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position",
        "documentation": "Amount of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in unrealized loss position without allowance for credit loss."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r133",
      "r364",
      "r906"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Unrealized Loss Position, Accumulated Loss",
        "documentation": "Amount of accumulated unrealized loss on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in unrealized loss position, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r134",
      "r365"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of fair value of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), in unrealized loss position, without allowance for credit loss. Includes beneficial interest in securitized financial asset."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r132",
      "r906",
      "r1134"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DebtSecuritiesCurrent",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_AssetsCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Debt securities",
        "documentation": "Amount, after allowance for credit loss, of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale), investment in debt security measured at amortized cost (held-to-maturity), and investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (trading), classified as current."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DebtSecuritiesHeldToMaturityAllowanceForCreditLossTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about allowance for credit loss on investment in debt security measured at amortized cost (held-to-maturity)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1133"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DebtSecuritiesHeldtomaturityAllowanceForCreditLossLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Debt Securities, Held-to-Maturity, Allowance for Credit Loss [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1133"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_Assets",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 7.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Deferred income tax assets, net",
        "documentation": "Amount, after allocation of valuation allowances and deferred tax liability, of deferred tax asset attributable to deductible differences and carryforwards, with jurisdictional netting."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r498",
      "r499"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Deferred income taxes",
        "documentation": "Amount of deferred income tax expense (benefit) and income tax credits."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r100"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DefinedBenefitPlanDisclosureLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Defined Benefit Plan Disclosure [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_DepositLiabilityCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DepositLiabilityCurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 4.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Customer funds deposits",
        "documentation": "The current portion, due within one year or one operating cycle, if longer, of deposits held other than customer deposits."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r66"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DepreciationAndAmortization": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DepreciationAndAmortization",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Depreciation and amortization",
        "negatedLabel": "Depreciation and amortization",
        "documentation": "The current period expense charged against earnings on long-lived, physical assets not used in production, and which are not intended for resale, to allocate or recognize the cost of such assets over their useful lives; or to record the reduction in book value of an intangible asset over the benefit period of such asset; or to reflect consumption during the period of an asset that is not used in production."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r8",
      "r36"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "DirectCostOfRevenuesMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]",
        "documentation": "Direct Cost of Revenues [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DisaggregationOfRevenueLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Disaggregation of Revenue [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r455",
      "r913",
      "r914",
      "r915",
      "r916",
      "r917",
      "r918",
      "r919"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_DisaggregationOfRevenueTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DisaggregationOfRevenueTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Disaggregation of Revenue [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about disaggregation of revenue into categories depicting how nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factor."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r455",
      "r913",
      "r914",
      "r915",
      "r916",
      "r917",
      "r918",
      "r919"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Disbursement Payments VIE [Member]",
        "documentation": "Disbursement Payments VIE [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_DisbursementPrefunding": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "DisbursementPrefunding",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_AssetsCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 7.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Disbursement prefunding",
        "documentation": "Disbursement prefunding."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_DisclosureLeasesAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "DisclosureLeasesAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Leases",
        "verboseLabel": "Schedule Of Supplemental Disclosures Related To Companys Operating Leases",
        "terseLabel": "Schedule Of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_DividendsCommonStock": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "DividendsCommonStock",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Dividends declared ($0.05 per share)",
        "label": "Dividends, Common Stock",
        "documentation": "Amount of paid and unpaid common stock dividends declared with the form of settlement in cash, stock and payment-in-kind (PIK)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r5",
      "r112"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentAccountingStandard": {
     "xbrltype": "accountingStandardItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "DocumentAccountingStandard",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Accounting Standard",
        "documentation": "The basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the financial statements included in this filing This can either be 'U.S. GAAP', 'International Financial Reporting Standards', or 'Other'."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r980"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentAnnualReport": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "DocumentAnnualReport",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Annual Report",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an annual report."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r978",
      "r980",
      "r992"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus": {
     "xbrltype": "fiscalPeriodItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Fiscal Period Focus",
        "documentation": "Fiscal period values are FY, Q1, Q2, and Q3. 1st, 2nd and 3rd quarter 10-Q or 10-QT statements have value Q1, Q2, and Q3 respectively, with 10-K, 10-KT or other fiscal year statements having FY."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentFiscalYearFocus": {
     "xbrltype": "gYearItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "DocumentFiscalYearFocus",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Fiscal Year Focus",
        "documentation": "This is focus fiscal year of the document report in YYYY format. For a 2006 annual report, which may also provide financial information from prior periods, fiscal 2006 should be given as the fiscal year focus. Example: 2006."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "DocumentPeriodEndDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Period End Date",
        "documentation": "For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentPeriodStartDate": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "DocumentPeriodStartDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Period Start Date",
        "documentation": "The start date of the period covered in the document, in YYYY-MM-DD format."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentQuarterlyReport": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "DocumentQuarterlyReport",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Quarterly Report",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as an quarterly report."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r979"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentRegistrationStatement": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "DocumentRegistrationStatement",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Registration Statement",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a registration statement."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r967"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentShellCompanyEventDate": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "DocumentShellCompanyEventDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Shell Company Event Date",
        "documentation": "Date of event requiring a shell company report."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r980"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentShellCompanyReport": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "DocumentShellCompanyReport",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Shell Company Report",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true for a Shell Company Report pursuant to section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r980"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentTransitionReport": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "DocumentTransitionReport",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Transition Report",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a form used as a transition report."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1013"
     ]
    },
    "dei_DocumentType": {
     "xbrltype": "submissionTypeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "DocumentType",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Document Type",
        "documentation": "The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "DocumentsIncorporatedByReferenceTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Documents Incorporated by Reference [Text Block]",
        "documentation": "Documents incorporated by reference."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r970"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EarningsPerShareAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Earnings per share attributable to IDT Corporation common stockholders:",
        "verboseLabel": "Earnings Per Share [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic": {
     "xbrltype": "perShareItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EarningsPerShareBasic",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Basic",
        "documentation": "The amount of net income (loss) for the period per each share of common stock or unit outstanding during the reporting period."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r215",
      "r236",
      "r237",
      "r239",
      "r240",
      "r241",
      "r243",
      "r250",
      "r252",
      "r258",
      "r259",
      "r260",
      "r264",
      "r520",
      "r523",
      "r544",
      "r545",
      "r687",
      "r717",
      "r893"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EarningsPerShareDiluted": {
     "xbrltype": "perShareItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EarningsPerShareDiluted",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Diluted",
        "documentation": "The amount of net income (loss) for the period available to each share of common stock or common unit outstanding during the reporting period and to each share or unit that would have been outstanding assuming the issuance of common shares or units for all dilutive potential common shares or units outstanding during the reporting period."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r215",
      "r236",
      "r237",
      "r239",
      "r240",
      "r241",
      "r243",
      "r252",
      "r258",
      "r259",
      "r260",
      "r264",
      "r520",
      "r523",
      "r544",
      "r545",
      "r687",
      "r717",
      "r893"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EarningsPerShareTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EarningsPerShareTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShare"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Earnings Per Share",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for earnings per share."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r249",
      "r261",
      "r262",
      "r263"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 4.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents",
        "documentation": "Amount of increase (decrease) from effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents, and cash and cash equivalents restricted to withdrawal or usage; held in foreign currencies. Excludes amounts for disposal group and discontinued operations. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r576"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations": {
     "xbrltype": "percentItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Effective tax rate",
        "documentation": "Percentage of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r501",
      "r924"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_EmployeesMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "EmployeesMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Employees [Member]",
        "documentation": "Employees [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine1",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line One",
        "documentation": "Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine2",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line Two",
        "documentation": "Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressAddressLine3": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityAddressAddressLine3",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Address Line Three",
        "documentation": "Address Line 3 such as an Office Park"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityAddressCityOrTown",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, City or Town",
        "documentation": "Name of the City or Town"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressCountry": {
     "xbrltype": "countryCodeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityAddressCountry",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Country",
        "documentation": "ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 country code."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityAddressPostalZipCode",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, Postal Zip Code",
        "documentation": "Code for the postal or zip code"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince": {
     "xbrltype": "stateOrProvinceItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityAddressStateOrProvince",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Address, State or Province",
        "documentation": "Name of the state or province."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityBankruptcyProceedingsReportingCurrent",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Bankruptcy Proceedings, Reporting Current",
        "documentation": "For registrants involved in bankruptcy proceedings during the preceding five years, the value Yes indicates that the registrant has filed all documents and reports required to be filed by Section 12, 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 subsequent to the distribution of securities under a plan confirmed by a court; the value No indicates the registrant has not. Registrants not involved in bankruptcy proceedings during the preceding five years should not report this element."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r973"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityCentralIndexKey": {
     "xbrltype": "centralIndexKeyItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityCentralIndexKey",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Central Index Key",
        "documentation": "A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r969"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Common Stock, Shares Outstanding",
        "documentation": "Indicate number of shares or other units outstanding of each of registrant's classes of capital or common stock or other ownership interests, if and as stated on cover of related periodic report. Where multiple classes or units exist define each class/interest by adding class of stock items such as Common Class A [Member], Common Class B [Member] or Partnership Interest [Member] onto the Instrument [Domain] of the Entity Listings, Instrument."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus": {
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityCurrentReportingStatus",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Current Reporting Status",
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' whether registrants (1) have filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that registrants were required to file such reports), and (2) have been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "All the names of the entities being reported upon in a document. Any legal structure used to conduct activities or to hold assets. Some examples of such structures are corporations, partnerships, limited liability companies, grantor trusts, and other trusts. This item does not include business and geographical segments which are included in the geographical or business segments domains."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityEmergingGrowthCompany",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Emerging Growth Company",
        "documentation": "Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r969"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityExTransitionPeriod": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityExTransitionPeriod",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Elected Not To Use the Extended Transition Period",
        "documentation": "Indicate if an emerging growth company has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1054"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityFileNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "fileNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityFileNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity File Number",
        "documentation": "Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityFilerCategory": {
     "xbrltype": "filerCategoryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityFilerCategory",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Filer Category",
        "documentation": "Indicate whether the registrant is one of the following: Large Accelerated Filer, Accelerated Filer, Non-accelerated Filer. Definitions of these categories are stated in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. This information should be based on the registrant's current or most recent filing containing the related disclosure."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r969"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode": {
     "xbrltype": "edgarStateCountryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code",
        "documentation": "Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityInteractiveDataCurrent",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Interactive Data Current",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1051"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityListingParValuePerShare": {
     "xbrltype": "perShareItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityListingParValuePerShare",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Listing, Par Value Per Share",
        "documentation": "The par value per share of security quoted in same currency as Trading currency. Example: '0.01'."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityPrimarySicNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "sicNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityPrimarySicNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Primary SIC Number",
        "documentation": "Primary Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) Number for the Entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r992"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityPublicFloat": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityPublicFloat",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Public Float",
        "documentation": "The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the price at which the common equity was last sold, or the average bid and asked price of such common equity, as of the last business day of the registrant's most recently completed second fiscal quarter."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityRegistrantName": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityRegistrantName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Registrant Name",
        "documentation": "The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r969"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityShellCompany": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityShellCompany",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Shell Company",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the registrant is a shell company as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r969"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntitySmallBusiness": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntitySmallBusiness",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Small Business",
        "documentation": "Indicates that the company is a Smaller Reporting Company (SRC)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r969"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "employerIdItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityTaxIdentificationNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Tax Identification Number",
        "documentation": "The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r969"
     ]
    },
    "dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers": {
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityVoluntaryFilers",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Voluntary Filers",
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer": {
     "xbrltype": "yesNoItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer",
        "documentation": "Indicate 'Yes' or 'No' if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Is used on Form Type: 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, 20-F, 6-K, 10-K/A, 10-Q/A, 20-F/A, 6-K/A, N-CSR, N-Q, N-1A."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1052"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EquityAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquityAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity:",
        "verboseLabel": "Equity [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquityComponentDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Components of equity are the parts of the total Equity balance including that which is allocated to common, preferred, treasury stock, retained earnings, etc."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13",
      "r175",
      "r207",
      "r208",
      "r209",
      "r227",
      "r228",
      "r229",
      "r233",
      "r241",
      "r244",
      "r246",
      "r266",
      "r349",
      "r354",
      "r384",
      "r444",
      "r507",
      "r508",
      "r515",
      "r516",
      "r517",
      "r521",
      "r522",
      "r523",
      "r532",
      "r533",
      "r534",
      "r535",
      "r536",
      "r538",
      "r543",
      "r578",
      "r580",
      "r581",
      "r582",
      "r583",
      "r584",
      "r587",
      "r590",
      "r606",
      "r712",
      "r744",
      "r745",
      "r746",
      "r765",
      "r838"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity investments included in current assets",
        "documentation": "Equity investments current asset."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity investments included in noncurrent assets",
        "documentation": "Equity investments noncurrent assets."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquityMethodInvesteeMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity Method Investee [Member]",
        "documentation": "An entity that issued voting stock held by an investor and that is accounted for under the equity method of accounting by the investor."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1182",
      "r1183"
     ]
    },
    "srt_EquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "EquityMethodInvesteeNameDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Name of investment including named security. Excludes entity that is consolidated."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r344",
      "r345",
      "r347",
      "r514",
      "r1057",
      "r1058",
      "r1059",
      "r1158",
      "r1159",
      "r1160",
      "r1161"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity method investment, aggregate cost",
        "documentation": "Difference between amount at which an investment accounted for under the equity method of accounting is carried (reported) on the balance sheet and amount of underlying equity in net assets the reporting Entity has in the investee."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r346"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity method investment, description",
        "documentation": "Description of the accounting treatment for the difference between the amount at which an investment accounted for under the equity method of accounting is reported on the balance sheet and the amount of underlying equity in net assets the reporting entity has in the investee."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r35"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_EquityMethodInvestmentMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "EquityMethodInvestmentMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity Method Investment [Member]",
        "documentation": "Equity Method Investment [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage": {
     "xbrltype": "percentItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Ownership percentage",
        "label": "Equity Method Investment, Ownership Percentage",
        "documentation": "The percentage of ownership of common stock or equity participation in the investee accounted for under the equity method of accounting."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r344"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestments": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquityMethodInvestments",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "periodStartLabel": "Balance, beginning of period",
        "periodEndLabel": "Balance, end of period",
        "label": "Equity Method Investments",
        "documentation": "This item represents the carrying amount on the entity's balance sheet of its investment in common stock of an equity method investee. This is not an indicator of the fair value of the investment, rather it is the initial cost adjusted for the entity's share of earnings and losses of the investee, adjusted for any distributions (dividends) and other than temporary impairment (OTTI) losses recognized."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r265",
      "r283",
      "r295",
      "r342",
      "r1081",
      "r1129"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of equity method investments including, but not limited to, name of each investee or group of investments, percentage ownership, difference between recorded amount of an investment and the value of the underlying equity in the net assets, and summarized financial information."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r343"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNi": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquitySecuritiesFvNi",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_AssetsCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 4.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity investments",
        "verboseLabel": "Current equity investments",
        "documentation": "Amount of investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI), classified as current."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r187",
      "r572",
      "r891"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Net gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments",
        "documentation": "Amount of unrealized and realized gain (loss) on investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r719",
      "r1128"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Plus: net loss recognized during the period on equity investment sold during the period",
        "documentation": "Equity securities fvni recognized gain loss net on equity securities redeemed."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity securities unrealized gain loss",
        "documentation": "Amount of unrealized gain (loss) on investment in equity security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in net income (FV-NI)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r718",
      "r1128"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "periodStartLabel": "Balance, beginning of period",
        "periodEndLabel": "Balance, end of the period",
        "label": "Equity Securities without Readily Determinable Fair Value, Amount",
        "documentation": "Amount of investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r339"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Impairments",
        "documentation": "Amount of impairment loss on investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r340"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1125",
      "r1126",
      "r1127"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCarryingValueOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Upward adjustment",
        "documentation": "Amount of gain from upward price adjustment on investment in equity security without readily determinable fair value."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r341"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "EquityValuationAssumptionDifferenceFnTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity Valuation Assumption Difference, Footnote"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1021"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "ErrCompAnalysisTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Erroneous Compensation Analysis"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r985",
      "r996",
      "r1006",
      "r1031"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_ErrCompRecoveryTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "ErrCompRecoveryTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Erroneously Awarded Compensation Recovery [Table]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r982",
      "r993",
      "r1003",
      "r1028"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_ExecutiveCategoryAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "ExecutiveCategoryAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Executive Category [Axis]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1027"
     ]
    },
    "dei_Extension": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "Extension",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Extension",
        "documentation": "Extension number for local phone number."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fair Value, Assets and Liabilities Measured on Recurring and Nonrecurring Basis [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r547",
      "r548",
      "r561",
      "r927"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fair Value, Recurring and Nonrecurring [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about asset and liability measured at fair value on recurring and nonrecurring basis."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r547",
      "r548",
      "r561",
      "r927"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period",
        "documentation": "Amount of unrealized gain (loss) recognized in income from asset measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3) and still held."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r557",
      "r562",
      "r929",
      "r930"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of the fair value measurement of assets using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances, separately presenting changes during the period attributable to the following: (1) total gains or losses for the period (realized and unrealized), segregating those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) and gains or losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss), and a description of where those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) are reported in the statement of income (or activities); (2) purchases, sales, issues, and settlements (each type disclosed separately); and (3) transfers in and transfers out of Level 3 (for example, transfers due to changes in the observability of significant inputs), by class of asset."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r552",
      "r557",
      "r562",
      "r929"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fair Value Hierarchy and NAV [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by level within fair value hierarchy and fair value measured at net asset value per share as practical expedient."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r422",
      "r460",
      "r461",
      "r462",
      "r463",
      "r464",
      "r465",
      "r546",
      "r548",
      "r549",
      "r550",
      "r551",
      "r560",
      "r561",
      "r563",
      "r615",
      "r616",
      "r617",
      "r910",
      "r911",
      "r920",
      "r921",
      "r922",
      "r927",
      "r931"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Measurement Frequency [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by measurement frequency."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r547",
      "r548",
      "r549",
      "r551",
      "r927",
      "r1168",
      "r1171"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueDisclosuresAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurements"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fair Value Measurements",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r556",
      "r558",
      "r559",
      "r560",
      "r563",
      "r564",
      "r565",
      "r566",
      "r567",
      "r679",
      "r927",
      "r932"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueInputsLevel1Member",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fair Value, Inputs, Level 1 [Member]",
        "documentation": "Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities that the reporting entity can access at the measurement date."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r422",
      "r460",
      "r465",
      "r548",
      "r561",
      "r615",
      "r920",
      "r921",
      "r922",
      "r927"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueInputsLevel2Member",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fair Value, Inputs, Level 2 [Member]",
        "documentation": "Inputs other than quoted prices included within level 1 that are observable for an asset or liability, either directly or indirectly, including, but not limited to, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, or quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r422",
      "r460",
      "r465",
      "r548",
      "r549",
      "r561",
      "r616",
      "r910",
      "r911",
      "r920",
      "r921",
      "r922",
      "r927"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueInputsLevel3Member",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fair Value, Inputs, Level 3 [Member]",
        "documentation": "Unobservable inputs that reflect the entity's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r422",
      "r460",
      "r461",
      "r462",
      "r463",
      "r464",
      "r465",
      "r548",
      "r549",
      "r550",
      "r551",
      "r561",
      "r617",
      "r910",
      "r911",
      "r920",
      "r921",
      "r922",
      "r927",
      "r931"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period",
        "documentation": "Amount of unrealized gain (loss) recognized in income from liability measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3) and still held."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r557",
      "r562"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of the fair value measurement of liabilities using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3), a reconciliation of the beginning and ending balances, separately presenting changes attributable to the following: (1) total gains or losses for the period (realized and unrealized), segregating those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets), and gains or losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) and a description of where those gains or losses included in earnings (or changes in net assets) are reported in the statement of income (or activities); (2) purchases, sales, issues, and settlements (each type disclosed separately); and (3) transfers in and transfers out of Level 3 (for example, transfers due to changes in the observability of significant inputs) by class of liability."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r552",
      "r557",
      "r562"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueMeasurementFrequencyDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Measurement frequency."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r547",
      "r548",
      "r549",
      "r551",
      "r927",
      "r1168",
      "r1171"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total gain (loss) included in \u201cOther expense, net\u201d",
        "documentation": "Amount of gain (loss) recognized in income from asset measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r553",
      "r562",
      "r929",
      "r930"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "periodStartLabel": "Balance, beginning of period",
        "periodEndLabel": "Balance, end of period",
        "label": "Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Asset Value",
        "documentation": "Fair value of financial instrument classified as an asset measured using unobservable inputs that reflect the entity's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r552",
      "r562",
      "r929"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "\u201cForeign currency translation adjustment\u201d",
        "documentation": "Amount of gain (loss) recognized in other comprehensive income (OCI) from liability measured at fair value on recurring basis using unobservable input (level 3)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r554",
      "r562"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Payments",
        "documentation": "Amount of settlements of financial instrument classified as a liability measured using unobservable inputs that reflect the entity's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r555",
      "r562"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "periodStartLabel": "Balance, beginning of period",
        "periodEndLabel": "Balance, end of period",
        "label": "Fair Value, Measurement with Unobservable Inputs Reconciliation, Recurring Basis, Liability Value",
        "documentation": "Fair value of financial instrument classified as a liability measured using unobservable inputs that reflect the entity's own assumption about the assumptions market participants would use in pricing."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r552",
      "r562"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueMeasurementsFairValueHierarchyDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Categories used to prioritize the inputs to valuation techniques to measure fair value."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r422",
      "r460",
      "r461",
      "r462",
      "r463",
      "r464",
      "r465",
      "r546",
      "r548",
      "r549",
      "r550",
      "r551",
      "r560",
      "r561",
      "r563",
      "r615",
      "r616",
      "r617",
      "r910",
      "r911",
      "r920",
      "r921",
      "r922",
      "r927",
      "r931"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fair Value, Recurring [Member]",
        "documentation": "Frequent fair value measurement. Includes, but is not limited to, fair value adjustment for impairment of asset, liability or equity, frequently measured at fair value."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r927",
      "r1165",
      "r1166",
      "r1167",
      "r1168",
      "r1169",
      "r1171"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList": {
     "xbrltype": "enumerationSetItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fair Value, Asset, Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Gain (Loss), Statement of Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]",
        "documentation": "Indicates line item in statement of income or comprehensive income that includes gain (loss) from asset measured at fair value using unobservable input (level 3)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r553",
      "r562"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList": {
     "xbrltype": "enumerationSetItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfLiabilitiesMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisUsingSignificantUnobservableInputsLevel3Details"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fair Value, Liability, Recurring Basis, Unobservable Input Reconciliation, Liability, Gain (Loss), Statement of Other Comprehensive Income or Comprehensive Income [Extensible Enumeration]",
        "documentation": "Indicates line item in statement in which other comprehensive income (OCI) is reported that includes gain (loss) from liability measured at fair value using unobservable input (level 3)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r554",
      "r562"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Federal Telecommunications Relay Services Fund [Member]",
        "documentation": "Federal Telecommunications Relay Services Fund [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FinancialInstrumentAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Financial Instrument [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by type of financial instrument."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r308",
      "r309",
      "r310",
      "r311",
      "r312",
      "r313",
      "r314",
      "r315",
      "r316",
      "r317",
      "r318",
      "r319",
      "r320",
      "r321",
      "r322",
      "r323",
      "r324",
      "r325",
      "r326",
      "r327",
      "r328",
      "r329",
      "r330",
      "r331",
      "r332",
      "r333",
      "r334",
      "r335",
      "r336",
      "r337",
      "r356",
      "r357",
      "r359",
      "r360",
      "r361",
      "r363",
      "r367",
      "r368",
      "r426",
      "r441",
      "r539",
      "r568",
      "r612",
      "r613",
      "r614",
      "r615",
      "r616",
      "r617",
      "r618",
      "r619",
      "r620",
      "r621",
      "r622",
      "r623",
      "r624",
      "r625",
      "r626",
      "r628",
      "r629",
      "r630",
      "r631",
      "r632",
      "r633",
      "r634",
      "r635",
      "r636",
      "r637",
      "r638",
      "r639",
      "r640",
      "r641",
      "r642",
      "r713",
      "r906",
      "r927",
      "r929",
      "r931",
      "r932",
      "r933",
      "r934",
      "r935",
      "r936",
      "r937",
      "r940",
      "r1067",
      "r1068",
      "r1069",
      "r1070",
      "r1071",
      "r1072",
      "r1073",
      "r1124",
      "r1125",
      "r1126",
      "r1127",
      "r1164",
      "r1167",
      "r1168",
      "r1169",
      "r1170",
      "r1171"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "FinancialInstrumentOtherMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Financial Instrument, Other [Member]",
        "documentation": "Financial instrument, classified as other."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r940"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_FintechMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "FintechMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fintech [Member]",
        "documentation": "Fintech [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)",
        "documentation": "Amount, before tax, of realized gain (loss) from foreign currency transaction."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r816",
      "r964",
      "r1173",
      "r1174",
      "r1231"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "ForgoneRecoveryDueToDisqualificationOfTaxBenefitsAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Forgone Recovery due to Disqualification of Tax Benefits, Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r989",
      "r1000",
      "r1010",
      "r1035"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "ForgoneRecoveryDueToExpenseOfEnforcementAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Forgone Recovery due to Expense of Enforcement, Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r989",
      "r1000",
      "r1010",
      "r1035"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "ForgoneRecoveryDueToViolationOfHomeCountryLawAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Forgone Recovery due to Violation of Home Country Law, Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r989",
      "r1000",
      "r1010",
      "r1035"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "ForgoneRecoveryExplanationOfImpracticabilityTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Forgone Recovery, Explanation of Impracticability"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r989",
      "r1000",
      "r1010",
      "r1035"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_ForgoneRecoveryIndName": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "ForgoneRecoveryIndName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Name",
        "label": "Forgone Recovery, Individual Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r989",
      "r1000",
      "r1010",
      "r1035"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent": {
     "xbrltype": "percentItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage",
        "documentation": "Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "country_GB": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2024",
     "localname": "GB",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "UNITED KINGDOM"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_GainLossOnInvestments": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "GainLossOnInvestments",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Gains (losses) on investments",
        "documentation": "Amount of realized and unrealized gain (loss) on investment."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r91",
      "r93",
      "r1055"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_Goodwill": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "Goodwill",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_Assets",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Goodwill",
        "documentation": "Amount, after accumulated impairment loss, of asset representing future economic benefit arising from other asset acquired in business combination or from joint venture formation or both, that is not individually identified and separately recognized."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r184",
      "r373",
      "r680",
      "r901",
      "r907",
      "r928",
      "r939",
      "r1136",
      "r1137"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Government Sponsored Enterprise Notes [Member]",
        "documentation": "Government Sponsored Enterprise Notes [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_GrossProfit": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "GrossProfit",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Gross profit",
        "label": "Gross Profit",
        "documentation": "Aggregate revenue less cost of goods and services sold or operating expenses directly attributable to the revenue generation activity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r84",
      "r88",
      "r130",
      "r224",
      "r348",
      "r406",
      "r407",
      "r408",
      "r409",
      "r410",
      "r411",
      "r412",
      "r413",
      "r414",
      "r573",
      "r895",
      "r900",
      "r1102",
      "r1105",
      "r1106",
      "r1107",
      "r1108",
      "r1148"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "HedgeFundsMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Hedge Funds [Member]",
        "documentation": "Investments in registered hedge funds."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r927",
      "r929",
      "r1156"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "IDTDigitalPaymentsMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "IDT Digital Payments [Member]",
        "documentation": "IDT Digital Payments [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "IDT Financial Services Gibraltar [Member]",
        "documentation": "IDT Financial Services Gibraltar [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_IDTGlobalMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "IDTGlobalMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "IDT Global [Member]",
        "documentation": "IDT Global [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_IDTTelecomMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "IDTTelecomMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "IDT Telecom [Member]",
        "documentation": "IDT Telecom [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_ProfitLoss",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Income before income taxes",
        "label": "Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes, Noncontrolling Interest",
        "documentation": "Amount of income (loss) from continuing operations, including income (loss) from equity method investments, before deduction of income tax expense (benefit), and income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r85",
      "r125",
      "r130",
      "r688",
      "r708",
      "r895",
      "r900",
      "r1102",
      "r1105",
      "r1106",
      "r1107",
      "r1108"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity in the net loss of investee",
        "verboseLabel": "Equity in net loss of investee",
        "documentation": "Amount of income (loss) for proportionate share of equity method investee's income (loss)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r8",
      "r86",
      "r124",
      "r265",
      "r280",
      "r295",
      "r342",
      "r707"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_IncomeStatementAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncomeStatementAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Income Statement [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncomeStatementLocationAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Statement of Income Location, Balance [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by location in statement of income where disaggregated amount has been reported."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r385",
      "r392",
      "r393",
      "r553",
      "r557",
      "r562",
      "r741",
      "r743",
      "r823",
      "r887",
      "r930",
      "r1200"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncomeStatementLocationDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Location in statement of income where disaggregated amount has been reported."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r392",
      "r393",
      "r553",
      "r557",
      "r562",
      "r741",
      "r743",
      "r823",
      "r887",
      "r930",
      "r1200"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncomeTaxDisclosureAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/IncomeTaxes"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Income Taxes",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for income tax."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r225",
      "r497",
      "r501",
      "r502",
      "r503",
      "r504",
      "r505",
      "r506",
      "r509",
      "r511",
      "r512",
      "r513",
      "r762",
      "r924"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_ProfitLoss",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Provision for income taxes",
        "label": "Income Tax Expense (Benefit)",
        "documentation": "Amount of current income tax expense (benefit) and deferred income tax expense (benefit) pertaining to continuing operations."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r136",
      "r139",
      "r245",
      "r246",
      "r265",
      "r281",
      "r295",
      "r500",
      "r501",
      "r510",
      "r721",
      "r924"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 9.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, settlement liabilities, other current liabilities, and other liabilities",
        "verboseLabel": "Customer funds deposits",
        "documentation": "The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in the amounts payable to vendors for goods and services received and the amount of obligations and expenses incurred but not paid."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r7"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 7.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Trade accounts receivable",
        "label": "Increase (Decrease) in Accounts Receivable",
        "documentation": "The increase (decrease) during the reporting period in amount due within one year (or one business cycle) from customers for the credit sale of goods and services."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r7"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 11.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Deferred revenue",
        "label": "Increase (Decrease) in Contract with Customer, Liability",
        "documentation": "Amount of increase (decrease) in obligation to transfer good or service to customer for which consideration has been received or is receivable."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r644",
      "r1085"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncreaseDecreaseInOperatingCapitalAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Changes in assets and liabilities:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 10.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Customer funds deposits",
        "label": "Increase (Decrease) in Other Current Liabilities",
        "documentation": "Amount of increase (decrease) in current liabilities classified as other."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1085"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 8.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Settlement assets, disbursement prefunding, prepaid expenses, other current assets, and other assets",
        "label": "Increase (Decrease) in Prepaid Expense and Other Assets",
        "documentation": "Amount of increase (decrease) in prepaid expenses, and assets classified as other."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r7"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Stock options",
        "documentation": "Additional shares included in the calculation of diluted EPS as a result of the potentially dilutive effect of call options and warrants using the treasury stock method."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r253",
      "r254",
      "r255",
      "r260"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Non-vested restricted Class B common stock",
        "documentation": "Number of additional shares included in diluted EPS for potentially dilutive effect of nonvested equity-based payment award containing forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, whether paid or unpaid."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r28",
      "r1096",
      "r1097",
      "r1098",
      "r1101"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_IndividualAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "IndividualAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure",
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure",
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Individual [Axis]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r989",
      "r1000",
      "r1010",
      "r1027",
      "r1035",
      "r1039",
      "r1047"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Debt Security Category [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by category of debt security, either available-for-sale or held-to-maturity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails"
     ],
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ecd_InsiderTradingArrLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "InsiderTradingArrLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Insider Trading Arrangements [Line Items]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1045"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "InsiderTradingPoliciesProcLineItems",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Insider Trading Policies and Procedures [Line Items]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r981",
      "r1050"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "InsiderTrdPoliciesProcAdoptedFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingPoliciesProc"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Adopted"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r981",
      "r1050"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "InsiderTrdPoliciesProcNotAdoptedTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingPoliciesProc"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Insider Trading Policies and Procedures Not Adopted"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r981",
      "r1050"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_InterestIncomeExpenseNet": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "InterestIncomeExpenseNet",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Interest income, net",
        "documentation": "Amount of interest income (expense) classified as operating."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r682",
      "r1105"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_InvestmentInHedgeFunds": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "InvestmentInHedgeFunds",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Investment in hedge funds",
        "documentation": "Investment in hedge funds."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Owned shares",
        "documentation": "Number of shares of investment owned."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r777",
      "r785",
      "r846",
      "r853",
      "r857",
      "r958"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_InvestmentTypeAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "InvestmentTypeAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Investment Type [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by type of investments."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r778",
      "r780",
      "r781",
      "r783",
      "r785",
      "r844",
      "r847",
      "r849",
      "r852",
      "r854",
      "r855",
      "r861",
      "r862",
      "r863",
      "r864",
      "r865",
      "r958"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "InvestmentTypeCategorizationMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Asset obtained to generate income or appreciate in value."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r778",
      "r780",
      "r781",
      "r783",
      "r785",
      "r844",
      "r847",
      "r849",
      "r852",
      "r854",
      "r855",
      "r861",
      "r862",
      "r863",
      "r864",
      "r865",
      "r958"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "InvestmentsDebtAndEquitySecuritiesAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Investments, Debt and Equity Securities [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfBalanceOfAssetsMeasuredAtFairValueOnRecurringBasisDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Total",
        "label": "Investments, Fair Value Disclosure",
        "documentation": "Fair value portion of investment securities, including, but not limited to, marketable securities, derivative financial instruments, and investments accounted for under the equity method."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1165",
      "r1166",
      "r1170"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestments"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity Investments",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for cash, cash equivalents, investments in debt and equity instruments (including cost and equity investees and related income statement amounts), equity and cost method investments, investments in joint ventures and any other investment."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r571"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/DebtSecurities"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Debt Securities",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for investments in certain debt and equity securities."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r127",
      "r143",
      "r306",
      "r307",
      "r569",
      "r570",
      "r1195"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LeaseCost": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LeaseCost",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total lease cost",
        "documentation": "Amount of lease cost recognized by lessee for lease contract."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r595",
      "r938"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LeaseCostTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LeaseCostTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Supplemental Disclosures Related to the Company\u2019s Operating Leases",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of lessee's lease cost. Includes, but is not limited to, interest expense for finance lease, amortization of right-of-use asset for finance lease, operating lease cost, short-term lease cost, variable lease cost and sublease income."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1178"
     ]
    },
    "dei_LegalEntityAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "LegalEntityAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Legal Entity [Axis]",
        "documentation": "The set of legal entities associated with a report."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_LegalFees": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LegalFees",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Corporate\u2014Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees",
        "label": "Legal Fees",
        "documentation": "The amount of expense provided in the period for legal costs incurred on or before the balance sheet date pertaining to resolved, pending or threatened litigation, including arbitration and mediation proceedings."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1065"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of undiscounted cash flows of lessee's operating lease liability. Includes, but is not limited to, reconciliation of undiscounted cash flows to operating lease liability recognized in statement of financial position."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1179"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails": {
       "parentTag": null,
       "weight": null,
       "order": null,
       "root": true
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Total lease payments",
        "label": "Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, to be Paid",
        "documentation": "Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payment for operating lease."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r602"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 6.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Thereafter",
        "documentation": "Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due after fifth rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1179"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 5.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "2029",
        "documentation": "Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in fifth rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1179"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 4.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "2028",
        "documentation": "Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in fourth rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1179"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "2027",
        "documentation": "Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in third rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1179"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "2026",
        "documentation": "Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in second rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1179"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "2025",
        "documentation": "Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease, due in next rolling twelve months following latest statement of financial position date. For interim and annual periods when interim periods are reported on a rolling approach, from latest statement of financial position date."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1179"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Less imputed interest",
        "label": "Lessee, Operating Lease, Liability, Undiscounted Excess Amount",
        "documentation": "Amount of lessee's undiscounted obligation for lease payments in excess of discounted obligation for lease payments for operating lease."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r602"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract": {
     "xbrltype": "durationItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Lessee, operating lease, term of contract",
        "documentation": "Term of lessee's operating lease, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1177"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Leases"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Leases",
        "label": "Lessee, Operating Leases [Text Block]",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for operating leases of lessee. Includes, but is not limited to, description of operating lease and maturity analysis of operating lease liability."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r589"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_Liabilities": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "Liabilities",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Total liabilities",
        "label": "Liabilities",
        "documentation": "Amount of liability recognized for present obligation requiring transfer or otherwise providing economic benefit to others."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r17",
      "r65",
      "r66",
      "r67",
      "r69",
      "r70",
      "r71",
      "r72",
      "r224",
      "r348",
      "r406",
      "r407",
      "r408",
      "r409",
      "r410",
      "r411",
      "r412",
      "r413",
      "r414",
      "r527",
      "r530",
      "r531",
      "r573",
      "r794",
      "r894",
      "r966",
      "r1148",
      "r1186",
      "r1187"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": null,
       "weight": null,
       "order": null,
       "root": true
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest, and equity",
        "label": "Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests",
        "documentation": "Amount of liabilities and equity items, including the portion of equity attributable to noncontrolling interests, if any."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r79",
      "r123",
      "r704",
      "r939",
      "r1089",
      "r1130",
      "r1172"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest, and equity"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LiabilitiesCurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_Liabilities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Total current liabilities",
        "label": "Liabilities, Current",
        "documentation": "Total obligations incurred as part of normal operations that are expected to be paid during the following twelve months or within one business cycle, if longer."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r67",
      "r181",
      "r224",
      "r348",
      "r406",
      "r407",
      "r408",
      "r409",
      "r410",
      "r411",
      "r412",
      "r413",
      "r414",
      "r527",
      "r530",
      "r531",
      "r573",
      "r939",
      "r1148",
      "r1186",
      "r1187"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Current liabilities:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_LineOfCredit": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LineOfCredit",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Outstanding line of credit",
        "documentation": "The carrying value as of the balance sheet date of the current and noncurrent portions of long-term obligations drawn from a line of credit, which is a bank's commitment to make loans up to a specific amount. Examples of items that might be included in the application of this element may consist of letters of credit, standby letters of credit, and revolving credit arrangements, under which borrowings can be made up to a maximum amount as of any point in time conditional on satisfaction of specified terms before, as of and after the date of drawdowns on the line. Includes short-term obligations that would normally be classified as current liabilities but for which (a) postbalance sheet date issuance of a long term obligation to refinance the short term obligation on a long term basis, or (b) the enterprise has entered into a financing agreement that clearly permits the enterprise to refinance the short-term obligation on a long term basis and the following conditions are met (1) the agreement does not expire within 1 year and is not cancelable by the lender except for violation of an objectively determinable provision, (2) no violation exists at the BS date, and (3) the lender has entered into the financing agreement is expected to be financially capable of honoring the agreement."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r17",
      "r120",
      "r1197"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LineOfCreditFacilityAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Lender Name [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by name of lender, which may be a single entity (for example, but not limited to, a bank, pension fund, venture capital firm) or a group of entities that participate in the line of credit."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r64",
      "r68",
      "r1088",
      "r1145",
      "r1146"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityDescription": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LineOfCreditFacilityDescription",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Credit facility, description",
        "documentation": "Description of the terms of a credit facility arrangement. Terms typically include interest rate, collateral required, guarantees required, repayment requirements, and restrictions on use of assets and activities of the entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r64",
      "r68",
      "r405"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LineOfCreditFacilityLenderDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Identification of the lender, which may be a single entity (for example, a bank, pension fund, venture capital firm) or a group of entities that participate in the line of credit, including a letter of credit facility."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r64",
      "r68",
      "r1088",
      "r1145"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LineOfCreditFacilityLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Line of Credit Facility [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r405",
      "r1088",
      "r1145"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity",
        "documentation": "Maximum borrowing capacity under the credit facility without consideration of any current restrictions on the amount that could be borrowed or the amounts currently outstanding under the facility."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r64",
      "r68"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Revolving credit, unused portion amount",
        "documentation": "Amount of borrowing capacity currently available under the credit facility (current borrowing capacity less the amount of borrowings outstanding)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r64",
      "r68",
      "r405"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LineOfCreditFacilityTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LineOfCreditFacilityTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Line of Credit Facility [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about short-term and long-term contractual arrangements with lender under which borrowing can occur up to maximum amount. Includes, but is not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit, and revolving credit arrangement."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r64",
      "r68",
      "r405",
      "r1088",
      "r1145"
     ]
    },
    "dei_LocalPhoneNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "LocalPhoneNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Local Phone Number",
        "documentation": "Local phone number for entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_LongTermInvestments": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LongTermInvestments",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_Assets",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 5.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Equity investments",
        "label": "Noncurrent equity investments",
        "documentation": "The total amount of investments that are intended to be held for an extended period of time (longer than one operating cycle)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r183"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Final decision imposed",
        "documentation": "Reflects the estimated amount of loss from the specified contingency as of the balance sheet date."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r398",
      "r399",
      "r402",
      "r403",
      "r495",
      "r908"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of marketable securities. This may consist of investments in certain debt and equity securities, short-term investments and other assets."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "srt_MaximumMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "MaximumMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Maximum [Member]",
        "documentation": "Upper limit of the provided range."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r145",
      "r147",
      "r149",
      "r150",
      "r152",
      "r173",
      "r174",
      "r398",
      "r399",
      "r400",
      "r401",
      "r467",
      "r495",
      "r551",
      "r643",
      "r740",
      "r742",
      "r754",
      "r786",
      "r787",
      "r845",
      "r848",
      "r850",
      "r851",
      "r856",
      "r885",
      "r886",
      "r905",
      "r912",
      "r923",
      "r931",
      "r932",
      "r936",
      "r937",
      "r950",
      "r1152",
      "r1188",
      "r1189",
      "r1190",
      "r1191",
      "r1192",
      "r1193"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_MeasureAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "MeasureAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Measure [Axis]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1019"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_MeasureName": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "MeasureName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1019"
     ]
    },
    "srt_MinimumMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "MinimumMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Minimum [Member]",
        "documentation": "Lower limit of the provided range."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r145",
      "r147",
      "r149",
      "r150",
      "r152",
      "r173",
      "r174",
      "r398",
      "r399",
      "r400",
      "r401",
      "r467",
      "r495",
      "r551",
      "r643",
      "r740",
      "r742",
      "r754",
      "r786",
      "r787",
      "r845",
      "r848",
      "r850",
      "r851",
      "r856",
      "r885",
      "r886",
      "r905",
      "r912",
      "r923",
      "r931",
      "r932",
      "r936",
      "r950",
      "r1152",
      "r1188",
      "r1189",
      "r1190",
      "r1191",
      "r1192",
      "r1193"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_MinorityInterest": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "MinorityInterest",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Noncontrolling interests",
        "documentation": "Amount of equity (deficit) attributable to noncontrolling interest. Excludes temporary equity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r78",
      "r122",
      "r224",
      "r348",
      "r406",
      "r408",
      "r409",
      "r410",
      "r413",
      "r414",
      "r573",
      "r703",
      "r798"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Distributions to noncontrolling interests",
        "label": "Noncontrolling Interest, Decrease from Distributions to Noncontrolling Interest Holders",
        "documentation": "Decrease in noncontrolling interest balance from payment of dividends or other distributions by the non-wholly owned subsidiary or partially owned entity, included in the consolidation of the parent entity, to the noncontrolling interest holders."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r112"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterest"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for noncontrolling interest in consolidated subsidiaries, which could include the name of the subsidiary, the ownership percentage held by the parent, the ownership percentage held by the noncontrolling owners, the amount of the noncontrolling interest, the location of this amount on the balance sheet (when not reported separately), an explanation of the increase or decrease in the amount of the noncontrolling interest, the noncontrolling interest share of the net Income or Loss of the subsidiary, the location of this amount on the income statement (when not reported separately), the nature of the noncontrolling interest such as background information and terms, the amount of the noncontrolling interest represented by preferred stock, a description of the preferred stock, and the dividend requirements of the preferred stock."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r114"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_MinorityInterestLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "MinorityInterestLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Noncontrolling Interest [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent": {
     "xbrltype": "percentItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Ownership percentage",
        "documentation": "The parent entity's interest in net assets of the subsidiary, expressed as a percentage."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_MinorityInterestTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "MinorityInterestTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Noncontrolling Interest [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about noncontrolling interest, including, but not limited to, name of subsidiary, ownership percentage held by parent, ownership percentage held by noncontrolling owner, amount of noncontrolling interest and its location in statement of financial position, explanation of increase (decrease) in noncontrolling interest, noncontrolling interest share of net income (loss) of subsidiary and its location in statement of income, amount of noncontrolling interest represented by preferred stock, description and dividend requirement of preferred stock, and nature of noncontrolling interest."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r55",
      "r57",
      "r78",
      "r87"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "MnpiDiscTimedForCompValFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "MNPI Disclosure Timed for Compensation Value"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1038"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "MtrlTermsOfTrdArrTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Material Terms of Trading Arrangement"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1046"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_MutualFundMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "MutualFundMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Mutual Fund [Member]",
        "documentation": "Regulated investment instrument that pools funds from multiple investors to invest principally in a portfolio of securities and money market instruments to match the investment objective."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1156"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "NamedExecutiveOfficersFnTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Named Executive Officers, Footnote"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1020"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_NationalRetailSolutionsMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "NationalRetailSolutionsMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "National Retail Solutions [Member]",
        "documentation": "National Retail Solutions [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_Net2phoneMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "Net2phoneMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Net2 phone [Member]",
        "documentation": "Net2 phone [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Net cash used in financing activities",
        "label": "Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from financing activities, including discontinued operations. Financing activity cash flows include obtaining resources from owners and providing them with a return on, and a return of, their investment; borrowing money and repaying amounts borrowed, or settling the obligation; and obtaining and paying for other resources obtained from creditors on long-term credit."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r220"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Financing activities"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities",
        "label": "Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from investing activities, including discontinued operations. Investing activity cash flows include making and collecting loans and acquiring and disposing of debt or equity instruments and property, plant, and equipment and other productive assets."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r220"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivitiesAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Investing activities"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Net cash provided by operating activities",
        "label": "Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash inflow (outflow) from operating activities, including discontinued operations. Operating activity cash flows include transactions, adjustments, and changes in value not defined as investing or financing activities."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r98",
      "r99",
      "r100"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivitiesAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Operating activities"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NetIncomeLoss",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": null,
       "weight": null,
       "order": null,
       "root": true
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome",
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Net income attributable to IDT Corporation",
        "label": "Net Income (Loss)",
        "documentation": "The portion of profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, which is attributable to the parent."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r89",
      "r100",
      "r126",
      "r179",
      "r202",
      "r205",
      "r209",
      "r224",
      "r232",
      "r236",
      "r237",
      "r239",
      "r240",
      "r241",
      "r245",
      "r246",
      "r257",
      "r348",
      "r406",
      "r407",
      "r408",
      "r409",
      "r410",
      "r411",
      "r412",
      "r413",
      "r414",
      "r520",
      "r523",
      "r545",
      "r573",
      "r711",
      "r817",
      "r836",
      "r837",
      "r964",
      "r1148"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests",
        "label": "Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest",
        "documentation": "Amount of Net Income (Loss) attributable to noncontrolling interest."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r60",
      "r116",
      "r202",
      "r205",
      "r241",
      "r245",
      "r246",
      "r710",
      "r1084"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Net income of NRS attributable to the mezzanine equity\u2019s noncontrolling interest",
        "documentation": "Amount of Net Income (Loss) attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r87"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Net income",
        "documentation": "Net Income Loss Including Portion Attributable To Redeemable Non Controlling Interest And Non Controlling Interest In Subsidiaries",
        "label": "NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "net2phone 2.0, Inc. [Member]",
        "documentation": "net2phone 2.0, Inc. [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RecentlyIssuedAccountingStandardsNotYetAdopted"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for change in accounting principle. Includes, but is not limited to, nature, reason, and method of adopting amendment to accounting standards or other change in accounting principle."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r140",
      "r177",
      "r230",
      "r231",
      "r234",
      "r235",
      "r247",
      "r248",
      "r303",
      "r350",
      "r351",
      "r518",
      "r519",
      "r521",
      "r523",
      "r537",
      "r542",
      "r604",
      "r607",
      "r608",
      "r646",
      "r647",
      "r648",
      "r748",
      "r749",
      "r750",
      "r751",
      "r753"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_NoInsiderTradingFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "NoInsiderTradingFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "No insider trading flag",
        "documentation": "No insider trading flag."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "trueItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "NoTradingSymbolFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "No Trading Symbol Flag",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true only for a security having no trading symbol."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ecd_NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "NonGaapMeasureDescriptionTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Non-GAAP Measure Description"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1019"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "NonPeoNeoAvgCompActuallyPaidAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Non-PEO NEO Average Compensation Actually Paid Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1017"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "NonPeoNeoAvgTotalCompAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Non-PEO NEO Average Total Compensation Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1016"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "NonRule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1046"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "NonRule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Non-Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1046"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_NonUsMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NonUsMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Non-US [Member]",
        "documentation": "Countries excluding the United States of America (US)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1234",
      "r1235",
      "r1236",
      "r1237"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NoncashInvestingAndFinancingItemsAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Supplemental Schedule of Non-Cash Financing Activities"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NoncontrollingInterestAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Noncontrolling Interest [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NoncontrollingInterestMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Noncontrolling Interest [Member]",
        "documentation": "This element represents that portion of equity (net assets) in a subsidiary not attributable, directly or indirectly, to the parent. A noncontrolling interest is sometimes called a minority interest."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r54",
      "r444",
      "r1091",
      "r1092",
      "r1093",
      "r1095",
      "r1232"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NonoperatingIncomeExpense",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      },
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails": {
       "parentTag": null,
       "weight": null,
       "order": null,
       "root": true
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other expense, net",
        "totalLabel": "Total",
        "documentation": "The aggregate amount of income or expense from ancillary business-related activities (that is to say, excluding major activities considered part of the normal operations of the business)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r92"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Number of related party shares received",
        "documentation": "Number of related party shares received."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_NumberOfReportableSegments": {
     "xbrltype": "integerItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "NumberOfReportableSegments",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Number of reportable segments",
        "documentation": "Number of segments reported by the entity. A reportable segment is a component of an entity for which there is an accounting requirement to report separate financial information on that component in the entity's financial statements."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r896",
      "r904",
      "r1104"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OperatingExpenses": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OperatingExpenses",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Total operating expenses",
        "label": "Operating Expenses",
        "documentation": "Generally recurring costs associated with normal operations except for the portion of these expenses which can be clearly related to production and included in cost of sales or services. Includes selling, general and administrative expense."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_OperatingExpensesAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OperatingExpensesAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Operating expenses (gain):"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OperatingIncomeLoss",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Income from operations",
        "label": "Income (loss) from operations",
        "documentation": "The net result for the period of deducting operating expenses from operating revenues."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r130",
      "r895",
      "r1102",
      "r1105",
      "r1106",
      "r1107",
      "r1108"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OperatingLeaseCost": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OperatingLeaseCost",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Operating lease cost",
        "documentation": "Amount of single lease cost, calculated by allocation of remaining cost of lease over remaining lease term. Includes, but is not limited to, single lease cost, after impairment of right-of-use asset, calculated by amortization of remaining right-of-use asset and accretion of lease liability."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r596",
      "r938"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OperatingLeaseLiability",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails": {
       "parentTag": null,
       "weight": null,
       "order": null,
       "root": true
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfFutureMinimumMaturitiesOfOperatingLeaseLiabilitiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Total",
        "label": "Total operating lease liabilities",
        "documentation": "Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r592"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Operating lease liabilities included in \u201cOther current liabilities\u201d",
        "documentation": "Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as current."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r592"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList": {
     "xbrltype": "enumerationSetItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Operating Lease, Liability, Current, Statement of Financial Position [Extensible Enumeration]",
        "documentation": "Indicates line item in statement of financial position that includes current operating lease liability."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r593"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_Liabilities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      },
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_OperatingLeaseLiability",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAggregateOperatingLeaseLiabilityDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Operating lease liabilities",
        "verboseLabel": "Operating lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities",
        "documentation": "Present value of lessee's discounted obligation for lease payments from operating lease, classified as noncurrent."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r592"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OperatingLeasePayments": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OperatingLeasePayments",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash outflow from operating lease, excluding payments to bring another asset to condition and location necessary for its intended use."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r594",
      "r598"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_Assets",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 6.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Operating lease right-of-use assets",
        "documentation": "Amount of lessee's right to use underlying asset under operating lease."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r591"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent": {
     "xbrltype": "percentItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent",
        "documentation": "Weighted average discount rate for operating lease calculated at point in time."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r601",
      "r938"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1": {
     "xbrltype": "durationItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosureRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term",
        "documentation": "Weighted average remaining lease term for operating lease, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r600",
      "r938"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OrganizationConsolidationAndPresentationOfFinancialStatementsAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Organization, Consolidation and Presentation of Financial Statements [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherAssetsCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherAssetsCurrent",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_AssetsCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 9.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other current assets",
        "documentation": "Amount of current assets classified as other."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r195",
      "r939"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherAssetsNoncurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherAssetsNoncurrent",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_Assets",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 8.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other assets",
        "documentation": "Amount of noncurrent assets classified as other."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r185"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Foreign currency translation adjustments",
        "documentation": "Amount after tax, before reclassification adjustments of gain (loss) on foreign currency translation adjustments, foreign currency transactions designated and effective as economic hedges of a net investment in a foreign entity and intra-entity foreign currency transactions that are of a long-term-investment nature."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r2",
      "r81",
      "r82",
      "r83",
      "r574",
      "r575",
      "r577"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Other comprehensive (loss) income",
        "label": "Other comprehensive income(loss)",
        "verboseLabel": "Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation",
        "documentation": "Amount after tax and reclassification adjustments of other comprehensive income (loss)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13",
      "r16",
      "r203",
      "r206",
      "r211",
      "r241",
      "r578",
      "r579",
      "r584",
      "r683",
      "r712",
      "r1082",
      "r1083"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParentAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other comprehensive income (loss):"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Change in unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities",
        "documentation": "Amount, after tax and before adjustment, of unrealized holding gain (loss) on investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale). Excludes unrealized gain (loss) on investment in debt security measured at amortized cost (held-to-maturity) from transfer to available-for-sale."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r197",
      "r200",
      "r338"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherIncome": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherIncome",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpense",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 4.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherExpenseIncomeNetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other",
        "documentation": "Amount of revenue and income classified as other."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r720",
      "r819",
      "r858",
      "r859",
      "r860"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherIncomeAndExpensesAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other Income and Expenses [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNet"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other Expense, Net",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for other income or other expense items (both operating and nonoperating). Sources of nonoperating income or nonoperating expense that may be disclosed, include amounts earned from dividends, interest on securities, profits (losses) on securities, net and miscellaneous other income or income deductions."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1066",
      "r1157"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherIntangibleAssetsNet": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherIntangibleAssetsNet",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_Assets",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 4.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other intangibles, net",
        "documentation": "Amount after accumulated amortization of finite-lived and indefinite-lived intangible assets classified as other."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherInvestmentsMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other Investments [Member]",
        "documentation": "Primary financial statement caption encompassing other investments."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherLiabilitiesCurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 6.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other current liabilities",
        "documentation": "Amount of liabilities classified as other, due within one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r66",
      "r939"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_Liabilities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other liabilities",
        "verboseLabel": "Due to the Company",
        "documentation": "Amount of liabilities classified as other, due after one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r70"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other Marketable Equity Securities [Member]",
        "documentation": "Other Marketable Equity Securities [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_OtherMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "OtherMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other [Member]",
        "documentation": "Other [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherNoncashIncomeExpense",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 6.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Other",
        "label": "Other Noncash Income (Expense)",
        "documentation": "Amount of income (expense) included in net income that results in no cash inflow (outflow), classified as other."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r100"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNet"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other Operating Gain, Net",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for other operating income and other operating expense items."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r822"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_OperatingExpenses",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 4.0
      },
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails": {
       "parentTag": null,
       "weight": null,
       "order": null,
       "root": true
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Other operating gain, net (see Note 10)",
        "totalLabel": "Total",
        "label": "Other Operating Income (Expense), Net",
        "documentation": "The net amount of other operating income and expenses, the components of which are not separately disclosed on the income statement, from items that are associated with the entity's normal revenue producing operations."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ecd_OtherPerfMeasureAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "decimalItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "OtherPerfMeasureAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other Performance Measure, Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1019"
     ]
    },
    "dei_OtherReportingStandardItemNumber": {
     "xbrltype": "otherReportingStandardItemNumberItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "OtherReportingStandardItemNumber",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Other Reporting Standard Item Number",
        "documentation": "\"Item 17\" or \"Item 18\" specified when the basis of accounting is neither US GAAP nor IFRS."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r980"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_OthersMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "OthersMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Others [Member]",
        "documentation": "Others [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ecd_OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "OutstandingAggtErrCompAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Outstanding Aggregate Erroneous Compensation Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r987",
      "r998",
      "r1008",
      "r1033"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "OutstandingRecoveryCompAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Compensation Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r990",
      "r1001",
      "r1011",
      "r1036"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_OutstandingRecoveryIndName": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "OutstandingRecoveryIndName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Name",
        "label": "Outstanding Recovery, Individual Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r990",
      "r1001",
      "r1011",
      "r1036"
     ]
    },
    "srt_OwnershipAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "OwnershipAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Ownership [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by name of entity in which ownership interest is disclosed. Excludes equity method investee and named security investment."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "srt_OwnershipDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "OwnershipDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Name of entity in which ownership interest is disclosed. Excludes equity method investee and named security investment."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ecd_PayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "PayVsPerformanceDisclosureLineItems",
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1015"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Contingent consideration payment",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash outflow, made soon after acquisition date of business combination, to settle contingent consideration liability."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r3"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 6.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Repurchases of Class B common stock",
        "label": "Payments for Repurchase of Common Stock",
        "documentation": "The cash outflow to reacquire common stock during the period."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r96"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PaymentsOfDividends": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PaymentsOfDividends",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Dividends paid",
        "label": "Payments of Dividends",
        "documentation": "Cash outflow in the form of capital distributions and dividends to common shareholders, preferred shareholders and noncontrolling interests."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r96"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows",
      "http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Purchase of convertible preferred stock in equity method investment",
        "label": "Purchase of convertible preferred stock",
        "documentation": "The cash outflow associated with the purchase of or advances to an equity method investments, which are investments in joint ventures and entities in which the entity has an equity ownership interest normally of 20 to 50 percent and exercises significant influence."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r21"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Purchases of debt securities and equity investments",
        "label": "Payments to Acquire Marketable Securities",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash outflow for purchase of marketable security."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1112"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Capital expenditures",
        "label": "Payments to Acquire Property, Plant, and Equipment",
        "documentation": "The cash outflow associated with the acquisition of long-lived, physical assets that are used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale; includes cash outflows to pay for construction of self-constructed assets."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r95"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PaymentsToMinorityShareholders": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PaymentsToMinorityShareholders",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Distributions to noncontrolling interests",
        "label": "Payments to Noncontrolling Interests",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash outflow to a noncontrolling interest. Includes, but not limited to, reduction of noncontrolling interest ownership. Excludes dividends paid to the noncontrolling interest."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r23"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "PeerGroupIssuersFnTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Peer Group Issuers, Footnote"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1018"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "PeerGroupTotalShareholderRtnAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Peer Group Total Shareholder Return Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1018"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "PeoActuallyPaidCompAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1017"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_PeoName": {
     "xbrltype": "normalizedStringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "PeoName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "PEO Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1020"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_PeoTotalCompAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "PeoTotalCompAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "PEO Total Compensation Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1016"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_PerformanceBondsOutstanding": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "PerformanceBondsOutstanding",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Performance bonds outstanding",
        "documentation": "In certain circumstances, the company is required to provide performance bonds in connection with its contractual commitments. Company has indemnified the surety for any expenses paid out under these performance bonds."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ecd_PnsnBnftsAdjFnTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "PnsnBnftsAdjFnTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Pension Benefits Adjustments, Footnote"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1017"
     ]
    },
    "dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r974"
     ]
    },
    "dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "PreCommencementTenderOffer",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Pre-commencement Tender Offer",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r976"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PreferredStockMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PreferredStockMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Preferred Stock [Member]",
        "documentation": "Preferred shares may provide a preferential dividend to the dividend on common stock and may take precedence over common stock in the event of a liquidation. Preferred shares typically represent an ownership interest in the company."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r956",
      "r957",
      "r960",
      "r961",
      "r962",
      "r963",
      "r1229",
      "r1232"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare": {
     "xbrltype": "perShareItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Preferred stock, par value",
        "documentation": "Face amount or stated value per share of preferred stock nonredeemable or redeemable solely at the option of the issuer."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r73",
      "r429"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesAuthorized": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PreferredStockSharesAuthorized",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Preferred stock, shares authorized",
        "documentation": "The maximum number of nonredeemable preferred shares (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer) permitted to be issued by an entity's charter and bylaws."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r73",
      "r796"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PreferredStockSharesIssued": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PreferredStockSharesIssued",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Preferred stock, shares issued",
        "documentation": "Number of shares issued for nonredeemable preferred shares and preferred shares redeemable solely at option of issuer. Includes, but is not limited to, preferred shares issued, repurchased, and held as treasury shares. Excludes preferred shares classified as debt."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r73",
      "r429"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PreferredStockValue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PreferredStockValue",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_StockholdersEquity",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Preferred stock, $.01 par value; authorized shares\u201410,000; no shares issued",
        "documentation": "Aggregate par or stated value of issued nonredeemable preferred stock (or preferred stock redeemable solely at the option of the issuer). This item includes treasury stock repurchased by the entity. Note: elements for number of nonredeemable preferred shares, par value and other disclosure concepts are in another section within stockholders' equity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r73",
      "r699",
      "r939"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PrepaidExpenseCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PrepaidExpenseCurrent",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_AssetsCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 8.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Prepaid expenses",
        "documentation": "Amount of asset related to consideration paid in advance for costs that provide economic benefits within a future period of one year or the normal operating cycle, if longer."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r194",
      "r369",
      "r370",
      "r892"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationPolicies"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Reclassifications",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of accounting policy for reclassification affecting comparability of financial statement. Excludes amendment to accounting standards, other change in accounting principle, and correction of error."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1079"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Proceeds from borrowings under revolving credit facility",
        "verboseLabel": "Proceeds from lines of credit",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash inflow from contractual arrangement with the lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r22",
      "r1088"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash inflow from sale, maturity, prepayment and call of investment in debt security measured at fair value with change in fair value recognized in other comprehensive income (available-for-sale)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r217",
      "r218",
      "r1112"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 4.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemption of equity investments",
        "documentation": "The cash inflow associated with the aggregate amount received by the entity through sale or maturity of marketable securities (held-to-maturity or available-for-sale) during the period."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 5.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Proceeds from exercise of stock options",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash inflow from exercise of option under share-based payment arrangement."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r4",
      "r14"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ProductInformationLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ProductInformationLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Product Information [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ProductLiabilityContingencyLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Product Liability Contingency [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r400",
      "r1141",
      "r1142",
      "r1143"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ProductLiabilityContingencyTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ProductLiabilityContingencyTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Product Liability Contingency [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about product liability contingency arising from reasonably possible loss from liability related to individual product."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r400",
      "r1141",
      "r1142",
      "r1143"
     ]
    },
    "srt_ProductOrServiceAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "ProductOrServiceAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Product and Service [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by product and service, or group of similar products and similar services."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r154",
      "r155",
      "r156",
      "r157",
      "r158",
      "r159",
      "r171",
      "r298",
      "r645",
      "r733",
      "r734",
      "r735",
      "r736",
      "r737",
      "r738",
      "r739",
      "r888",
      "r913",
      "r949",
      "r950",
      "r951",
      "r954",
      "r955",
      "r1078",
      "r1143",
      "r1144",
      "r1155",
      "r1199",
      "r1201",
      "r1202",
      "r1203",
      "r1204",
      "r1205",
      "r1206",
      "r1207",
      "r1208",
      "r1209",
      "r1210",
      "r1211",
      "r1212",
      "r1213",
      "r1214",
      "r1215",
      "r1216",
      "r1217",
      "r1218",
      "r1219",
      "r1220",
      "r1221",
      "r1222",
      "r1223",
      "r1224",
      "r1225",
      "r1226",
      "r1227",
      "r1228"
     ]
    },
    "srt_ProductsAndServicesDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "ProductsAndServicesDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Product or service, or a group of similar products or similar services."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r154",
      "r155",
      "r156",
      "r157",
      "r158",
      "r159",
      "r171",
      "r298",
      "r645",
      "r733",
      "r734",
      "r735",
      "r736",
      "r737",
      "r738",
      "r739",
      "r888",
      "r913",
      "r949",
      "r950",
      "r951",
      "r954",
      "r955",
      "r1078",
      "r1143",
      "r1144",
      "r1155",
      "r1199",
      "r1201",
      "r1202",
      "r1203",
      "r1204",
      "r1205",
      "r1206",
      "r1207",
      "r1208",
      "r1209",
      "r1210",
      "r1211",
      "r1212",
      "r1213",
      "r1214",
      "r1215",
      "r1216",
      "r1217",
      "r1218",
      "r1219",
      "r1220",
      "r1221",
      "r1222",
      "r1223",
      "r1224",
      "r1225",
      "r1226",
      "r1227",
      "r1228"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ProfitLoss": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ProfitLoss",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      },
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      },
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfComprehensiveIncome",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Net income",
        "label": "Net income",
        "documentation": "The consolidated profit or loss for the period, net of income taxes, including the portion attributable to the noncontrolling interest."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r179",
      "r202",
      "r205",
      "r219",
      "r224",
      "r232",
      "r241",
      "r245",
      "r246",
      "r348",
      "r406",
      "r407",
      "r408",
      "r409",
      "r410",
      "r411",
      "r412",
      "r413",
      "r414",
      "r520",
      "r523",
      "r525",
      "r528",
      "r529",
      "r545",
      "r573",
      "r688",
      "r709",
      "r764",
      "r817",
      "r836",
      "r837",
      "r925",
      "r926",
      "r965",
      "r1084",
      "r1148"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_Assets",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Property, plant, and equipment, net",
        "documentation": "Amount after accumulated depreciation, depletion and amortization of physical assets used in the normal conduct of business to produce goods and services and not intended for resale. Examples include, but are not limited to, land, buildings, machinery and equipment, office equipment, and furniture and fixtures."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r9",
      "r603",
      "r693",
      "r706",
      "r939"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 4.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Provision for credit losses, doubtful accounts receivable, and reserve for settlement assets",
        "documentation": "Amount of expense (reversal of expense) for expected credit loss on accounts receivable."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r216",
      "r358"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_PurchaseObligation": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "PurchaseObligation",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/CommitmentsAndContingenciesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Purchase obligation",
        "documentation": "Minimum amount of purchase arrangement in which the entity has agreed to expend funds to procure goods or services from a supplier."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ecd_PvpTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "PvpTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Pay vs Performance Disclosure [Table]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1015"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_PvpTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "PvpTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Pay vs Performance Disclosure, Table"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1015"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "RafaelClassBCommonStockMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rafael Class B Common Stock [Member]",
        "documentation": "Rafael Class B Common Stock [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_RafaelHoldingsIncMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "RafaelHoldingsIncMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rafael Holdings Inc [Member]",
        "documentation": "Rafael Holdings Inc [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "srt_RangeAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "RangeAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Statistical Measurement [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by statistical measurement. Includes, but is not limited to, minimum, maximum, weighted average, arithmetic average, and median."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r145",
      "r147",
      "r149",
      "r150",
      "r152",
      "r173",
      "r174",
      "r398",
      "r399",
      "r400",
      "r401",
      "r459",
      "r467",
      "r491",
      "r492",
      "r493",
      "r495",
      "r551",
      "r618",
      "r627",
      "r643",
      "r740",
      "r742",
      "r754",
      "r786",
      "r787",
      "r845",
      "r848",
      "r850",
      "r851",
      "r856",
      "r885",
      "r886",
      "r905",
      "r912",
      "r923",
      "r931",
      "r932",
      "r936",
      "r937",
      "r950",
      "r958",
      "r1139",
      "r1152",
      "r1168",
      "r1189",
      "r1190",
      "r1191",
      "r1192",
      "r1193"
     ]
    },
    "srt_RangeMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "RangeMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Statistical measurement. Includes, but is not limited to, minimum, maximum, weighted average, arithmetic average, and median."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r145",
      "r147",
      "r149",
      "r150",
      "r152",
      "r173",
      "r174",
      "r398",
      "r399",
      "r400",
      "r401",
      "r459",
      "r467",
      "r491",
      "r492",
      "r493",
      "r495",
      "r551",
      "r618",
      "r627",
      "r643",
      "r740",
      "r742",
      "r754",
      "r786",
      "r787",
      "r845",
      "r848",
      "r850",
      "r851",
      "r856",
      "r885",
      "r886",
      "r905",
      "r912",
      "r923",
      "r931",
      "r932",
      "r936",
      "r937",
      "r950",
      "r958",
      "r1139",
      "r1152",
      "r1168",
      "r1189",
      "r1190",
      "r1191",
      "r1192",
      "r1193"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ReceivablesNetCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ReceivablesNetCurrent",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_AssetsCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 5.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Trade accounts receivable, net of allowance for credit losses of $6,634 at October 31, 2024 and $6,352 at July 31, 2024",
        "verboseLabel": "Trade accounts receivable, net",
        "documentation": "The total amount due to the entity within one year of the balance sheet date (or one operating cycle, if longer) from outside sources, including trade accounts receivable, notes and loans receivable, as well as any other types of receivables, net of allowances established for the purpose of reducing such receivables to an amount that approximates their net realizable value."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r939"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "RecoveryOfErrCompDisclosureLineItems",
     "auth_ref": [
      "r982",
      "r993",
      "r1003",
      "r1028"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Redeemable noncontrolling interest",
        "documentation": "As of the reporting date, the aggregate carrying amount of all noncontrolling interests which are redeemable by the (parent) entity (1) at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date, (2) at the option of the holder of the noncontrolling interest, or (3) upon occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the (parent) entity. This item includes noncontrolling interest holder's ownership (or holders' ownership) regardless of the type of equity interest (common, preferred, other) including all potential organizational (legal) forms of the investee entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r37",
      "r38",
      "r107",
      "r108"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity\u2019s Noncontrolling Interest",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of redeemable noncontrolling interest (as defined) included in the statement of financial position as either a liability or temporary equity. As of the date of the statement of financial position, such redeemable noncontrolling interest is currently redeemable, as defined, for cash or other assets of the entity at (1) at a fixed or determinable price on a fixed or determinable date, (2) at the option of the holder of the noncontrolling interest, or (3) upon occurrence of an event that is not solely within the control of the entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_RelatedPartyDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RelatedPartyDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Related and nonrelated parties. Related party includes, but is not limited to, affiliate, other entity for which investment is accounted for under equity method, trust for benefit of employee, principal owner, management, and member of immediate family, and other party that may be prevented from pursuing separate interests because of control, significant influence, or ownership interest."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r304",
      "r466",
      "r609",
      "r610",
      "r696",
      "r705",
      "r789",
      "r790",
      "r791",
      "r792",
      "r793",
      "r813",
      "r815",
      "r843"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Related and Nonrelated Parties [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by related and nonrelated parties. Related party includes, but is not limited to, affiliate, other entity for which investment is accounted for under equity method, trust for benefit of employee, principal owner, management, and member of immediate family, and other party that may be prevented from pursuing separate interests because of control, significant influence, or ownership interest."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r304",
      "r466",
      "r609",
      "r610",
      "r696",
      "r705",
      "r789",
      "r790",
      "r791",
      "r792",
      "r793",
      "r813",
      "r815",
      "r843",
      "r1185"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 4.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Repayment of borrowings under revolving credit facility",
        "label": "Repayments of lines of credit",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash outflow for payment of an obligation from a lender, including but not limited to, letter of credit, standby letter of credit and revolving credit arrangements."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r97",
      "r1088"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_OperatingExpenses",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Technology and development",
        "documentation": "Amount of expense for research and development. Includes, but is not limited to, cost for computer software product to be sold, leased, or otherwise marketed and writeoff of research and development assets acquired in transaction other than business combination or joint venture formation or both. Excludes write-down of intangible asset acquired in business combination or from joint venture formation or both, used in research and development activity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r496",
      "r887",
      "r900",
      "r1194"
     ]
    },
    "srt_RestatementAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "RestatementAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Revision of Prior Period [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by adjustment to previously issued financial statements. Includes, but is not limited to, adjustment for retrospective application of amendment to accounting standards, other change in accounting principle, correction of error, and other revision."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r172",
      "r176",
      "r227",
      "r228",
      "r229",
      "r232",
      "r233",
      "r236",
      "r237",
      "r238",
      "r239",
      "r242",
      "r243",
      "r244",
      "r245",
      "r246",
      "r247",
      "r264",
      "r352",
      "r353",
      "r516",
      "r517",
      "r520",
      "r521",
      "r522",
      "r523",
      "r541",
      "r543",
      "r544",
      "r545",
      "r586",
      "r588",
      "r605",
      "r606",
      "r744",
      "r745",
      "r746",
      "r747",
      "r748",
      "r749",
      "r750",
      "r751",
      "r752",
      "r753",
      "r755",
      "r1109"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_RestatementDateAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "RestatementDateAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Restatement Determination Date [Axis]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r983",
      "r994",
      "r1004",
      "r1029"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_RestatementDeterminationDate": {
     "xbrltype": "dateItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "RestatementDeterminationDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Restatement Determination Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r984",
      "r995",
      "r1005",
      "r1030"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "RestatementDoesNotRequireRecoveryTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Restatement does not require Recovery"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r991",
      "r1002",
      "r1012",
      "r1037"
     ]
    },
    "srt_RestatementDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "RestatementDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Adjustment to previously issued financial statements. Includes, but is not limited to, adjustment for retrospective application of amendment to accounting standards, other change in accounting principle, correction of error, and other revision."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r172",
      "r176",
      "r227",
      "r228",
      "r229",
      "r232",
      "r233",
      "r236",
      "r237",
      "r238",
      "r239",
      "r242",
      "r243",
      "r244",
      "r245",
      "r246",
      "r247",
      "r264",
      "r352",
      "r353",
      "r516",
      "r517",
      "r520",
      "r521",
      "r522",
      "r523",
      "r541",
      "r543",
      "r544",
      "r545",
      "r586",
      "r588",
      "r605",
      "r606",
      "r744",
      "r745",
      "r746",
      "r747",
      "r748",
      "r749",
      "r750",
      "r751",
      "r752",
      "r753",
      "r755",
      "r1109"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total restricted cash and cash equivalents",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r24",
      "r117",
      "r182",
      "r221",
      "r698"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_AssetsCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      },
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfCashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Restricted cash and cash equivalents",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits. Cash equivalents include, but are not limited to, short-term, highly liquid investments that are both readily convertible to known amounts of cash and so near their maturity that they present insignificant risk of changes in value because of changes in interest rates."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r24",
      "r182",
      "r221"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RestrictedCashCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RestrictedCashCurrent",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Restricted cash",
        "documentation": "Amount of cash restricted as to withdrawal or usage, classified as current. Cash includes, but is not limited to, currency on hand, demand deposits with banks or financial institutions, and other accounts with general characteristics of demand deposits."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1080",
      "r1086"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_StockholdersEquity",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 6.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Retained earnings",
        "documentation": "Amount of accumulated undistributed earnings (deficit)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r76",
      "r112",
      "r702",
      "r748",
      "r753",
      "r761",
      "r797",
      "r939"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RetainedEarningsMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Retained Earnings [Member]",
        "documentation": "Accumulated undistributed earnings (deficit)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r175",
      "r227",
      "r228",
      "r229",
      "r233",
      "r241",
      "r244",
      "r246",
      "r349",
      "r354",
      "r384",
      "r507",
      "r508",
      "r515",
      "r516",
      "r517",
      "r521",
      "r522",
      "r523",
      "r532",
      "r534",
      "r535",
      "r538",
      "r543",
      "r587",
      "r590",
      "r744",
      "r746",
      "r765",
      "r1232"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RevenueFromContractWithCustomerAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Revenue from Contract with Customer [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognition"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Revenue Recognition",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure of revenue from contract with customer to transfer good or service and to transfer nonfinancial asset. Includes, but is not limited to, disaggregation of revenue, credit loss recognized from contract with customer, judgment and change in judgment related to contract with customer, and asset recognized from cost incurred to obtain or fulfill contract with customer. Excludes insurance and lease contracts."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r141",
      "r447",
      "r448",
      "r449",
      "r450",
      "r451",
      "r452",
      "r453",
      "r454",
      "r458"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of revenue from external customers by geographic areas attributed to the entity's country of domicile and to foreign countries from which the entity derives revenue."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r102"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total",
        "documentation": "Amount of transaction price allocated to performance obligation that has not been recognized as revenue."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r137"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1": {
     "xbrltype": "durationItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Remaining Performance Obligations, Years",
        "documentation": "Period in which remaining performance obligation is expected to be recognized as revenue, in 'PnYnMnDTnHnMnS' format, for example, 'P1Y5M13D' represents reported fact of one year, five months, and thirteen days."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r138"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Start date of time band for expected timing of satisfaction of remaining performance obligation, in YYYY-MM-DD format."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r138"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about expected timing for satisfying remaining performance obligation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of expected timing for satisfying remaining performance obligation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1060"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_Revenues": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "Revenues",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_GrossProfit",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Revenues",
        "documentation": "Amount of revenue recognized from goods sold, services rendered, insurance premiums, or other activities that constitute an earning process. Includes, but is not limited to, investment and interest income before deduction of interest expense when recognized as a component of revenue, and sales and trading gain (loss)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r128",
      "r129",
      "r210",
      "r224",
      "r265",
      "r274",
      "r275",
      "r289",
      "r295",
      "r298",
      "r300",
      "r302",
      "r348",
      "r406",
      "r407",
      "r408",
      "r409",
      "r410",
      "r411",
      "r412",
      "r413",
      "r414",
      "r573",
      "r688",
      "r900",
      "r1148"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RevolvingCreditFacilityMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Revolving Credit Facility [Member]",
        "documentation": "Arrangement in which loan proceeds can continuously be obtained following repayments, but the total amount borrowed cannot exceed a specified maximum amount."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities",
        "documentation": "Amount of increase in right-of-use asset obtained in exchange for operating lease liability."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r599",
      "r938"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "Rule10b51ArrAdoptedFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Adopted"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1046"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "Rule10b51ArrTrmntdFlag",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Rule 10b5-1 Arrangement Terminated"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1046"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction",
        "documentation": "Cash received on stock transaction after deduction of issuance costs."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction": {
     "xbrltype": "percentItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Capital stock outstanding percentage",
        "documentation": "Sale of stock percentage of subsidiary equity issued in transaction."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Previously Reported [Member]",
        "documentation": "Represents amount as previously reported before adjustment for retrospective application of amendment to accounting standards, other change in accounting principle, correction of error, and other revision."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r176",
      "r227",
      "r229",
      "r232",
      "r233",
      "r236",
      "r237",
      "r246",
      "r264",
      "r516",
      "r520",
      "r521",
      "r522",
      "r523",
      "r541",
      "r543",
      "r544",
      "r586",
      "r588",
      "r744",
      "r745",
      "r746",
      "r747",
      "r748",
      "r749",
      "r750",
      "r751",
      "r752",
      "r753",
      "r755",
      "r1061",
      "r1062",
      "r1063",
      "r1064",
      "r1094",
      "r1109",
      "r1131",
      "r1132",
      "r1163",
      "r1180",
      "r1181"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveLossTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss)",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of the components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r19",
      "r1175",
      "r1176"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of the components of cash and cash equivalents."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "srt_ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntityTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "VIE\u2019s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of condensed balance sheet, including, but not limited to, balance sheets of consolidated entities and consolidation eliminations."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1074",
      "r1090"
     ]
    },
    "srt_ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntityTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of condensed income statement, including, but not limited to, income statements of consolidated entities and consolidation eliminations."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1074",
      "r1090"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfDefinedBenefitPlansDisclosuresTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/SummaryOfChangesInEquityMethodInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Defined Benefit Plan [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about individual defined benefit pension plan or other postretirement defined benefit plan. It may be appropriate to group certain similar plans. Also includes schedule for fair value of plan assets by major categories of plan assets by the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements in their entirety fall, segregating fair value measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1), Significant other observable inputs (Level 2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r10",
      "r47",
      "r48",
      "r49",
      "r50"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EarningsPerShareTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of the effect of income (loss) on an entity's diluted earnings per share."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r29",
      "r30",
      "r1099"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevenueRecognitionTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of entity-wide revenues from external customers for each product or service or each group of similar products or services if the information is not provided as part of the reportable operating segment information."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r34"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Equity Investments",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of equity investment [Table Text Block]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "srt_ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Investment, Name [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by name of investment including named security. Excludes entity that is consolidated."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r344",
      "r345",
      "r347",
      "r514",
      "r1057",
      "r1058",
      "r1059",
      "r1158",
      "r1159",
      "r1160",
      "r1161"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Amount that were Reclassified",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of prior period adjustments to previously issued financial statements including (1) the effect of the correction on each financial statement line item and any per-share amounts affected for each prior period presented (2) the cumulative effect of the change on retained earnings or other appropriate components of equity or net assets in the statement of financial position, as of the beginning of the earliest period presented, and (3) the effect of the prior period adjustments (both gross and net of applicable income tax) on the net income of each prior period presented in the entity's annual report for the year in which the adjustments are made."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r25",
      "r26",
      "r27"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/FairValueMeasurementsTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of assets and liabilities, including [financial] instruments measured at fair value that are classified in stockholders' equity, if any, that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The disclosures contemplated herein include the fair value measurements at the reporting date by the level within the fair value hierarchy in which the fair value measurements in their entirety fall, segregating fair value measurements using quoted prices in active markets for identical assets (Level 1), significant other observable inputs (Level 2), and significant unobservable inputs (Level 3)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1165",
      "r1166"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Aggregate Operating Lease Liability",
        "documentation": "Schedule of Operating Lease Liability [Table Text Block]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/OtherExpenseNetTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of the components of non-operating income or non-operating expense that may include amounts earned from dividends, interest on securities, gains (losses) on securities sold, equity earnings of unconsolidated affiliates, net gain (loss) on sales of business, interest expense and other miscellaneous income or expense items."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/OtherOperatingGainNetTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of other operating (expenses) gains, net [Tabel Text Block]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_ScheduleOfProductInformationTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfProductInformationTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Nature of Operation, Product Information, Concentration of Risk [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about concentration risk of product within nature of operation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/CashCashEquivalentsAndRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of cash and cash equivalents restricted as to withdrawal or usage."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r15",
      "r117",
      "r1198"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Segment Reporting Information, by Segment [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about profit (loss) and total assets by reportable segment."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r31",
      "r32",
      "r33"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformationTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Operating Results of Business Segments",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of the profit or loss and total assets for each reportable segment. An entity discloses certain information on each reportable segment if the amounts (a) are included in the measure of segment profit or loss reviewed by the chief operating decision maker or (b) are otherwise regularly provided to the chief operating decision maker, even if not included in that measure of segment profit or loss."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r31",
      "r32",
      "r33"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ScheduleOfStockByClassTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfStockByClassTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Stock, Class of Stock [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about stock by class. Includes, but is not limited to, common, convertible, and preferred stocks."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r39",
      "r40",
      "r41",
      "r42",
      "r43",
      "r44",
      "r106",
      "r110",
      "r111",
      "r112",
      "r189",
      "r190",
      "r191",
      "r267",
      "r429",
      "r430",
      "r431",
      "r433",
      "r436",
      "r441",
      "r443",
      "r757",
      "r758",
      "r759",
      "r760",
      "r912",
      "r1056",
      "r1087"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/LeasesTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases",
        "documentation": "Schedule of supplemental disclosures related weighted average operating leases [Table Text Block]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/DebtSecuritiesTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer",
        "documentation": "Schedule of unrealized loss on investment [Table Text Block]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_Security12bTitle": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "Security12bTitle",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Title of 12(b) Security",
        "documentation": "Title of a 12(b) registered security."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r968"
     ]
    },
    "dei_Security12gTitle": {
     "xbrltype": "securityTitleItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "Security12gTitle",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Title of 12(g) Security",
        "documentation": "Title of a 12(g) registered security."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r972"
     ]
    },
    "dei_SecurityExchangeName": {
     "xbrltype": "edgarExchangeCodeItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "SecurityExchangeName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Security Exchange Name",
        "documentation": "Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r971"
     ]
    },
    "dei_SecurityReportingObligation": {
     "xbrltype": "securityReportingObligationItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "SecurityReportingObligation",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Security Reporting Obligation",
        "documentation": "15(d), indicating whether the security has a reporting obligation under that section of the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r977"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_SegmentDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "SegmentDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Components of an entity that engage in business activities from which they may earn revenue and incur expenses, including transactions with other components of the same entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r128",
      "r129",
      "r130",
      "r131",
      "r265",
      "r270",
      "r273",
      "r274",
      "r275",
      "r276",
      "r277",
      "r278",
      "r279",
      "r280",
      "r281",
      "r282",
      "r283",
      "r284",
      "r286",
      "r287",
      "r288",
      "r289",
      "r290",
      "r291",
      "r292",
      "r293",
      "r295",
      "r296",
      "r297",
      "r302",
      "r374",
      "r375",
      "r376",
      "r377",
      "r378",
      "r379",
      "r380",
      "r381",
      "r382",
      "r383",
      "r394",
      "r395",
      "r722",
      "r723",
      "r724",
      "r725",
      "r726",
      "r727",
      "r728",
      "r729",
      "r730",
      "r731",
      "r732",
      "r897",
      "r900",
      "r901",
      "r907",
      "r953",
      "r1199",
      "r1201",
      "r1202",
      "r1203",
      "r1204",
      "r1205",
      "r1206",
      "r1207",
      "r1208",
      "r1209",
      "r1210",
      "r1211",
      "r1212",
      "r1213",
      "r1214",
      "r1215",
      "r1216",
      "r1217",
      "r1218",
      "r1219",
      "r1220",
      "r1221",
      "r1222",
      "r1223",
      "r1224",
      "r1225",
      "r1226",
      "r1227",
      "r1228"
     ]
    },
    "srt_SegmentGeographicalDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "SegmentGeographicalDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Geographical area."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r146",
      "r148",
      "r151",
      "r153",
      "r160",
      "r161",
      "r162",
      "r163",
      "r165",
      "r166",
      "r167",
      "r168",
      "r169",
      "r170",
      "r300",
      "r301",
      "r649",
      "r650",
      "r651",
      "r652",
      "r653",
      "r654",
      "r655",
      "r656",
      "r657",
      "r658",
      "r659",
      "r660",
      "r661",
      "r662",
      "r663",
      "r664",
      "r665",
      "r666",
      "r667",
      "r668",
      "r669",
      "r670",
      "r671",
      "r672",
      "r673",
      "r674",
      "r675",
      "r676",
      "r677",
      "r678",
      "r779",
      "r782",
      "r784",
      "r847",
      "r849",
      "r854",
      "r861",
      "r873",
      "r875",
      "r876",
      "r877",
      "r878",
      "r880",
      "r881",
      "r882",
      "r883",
      "r884",
      "r889",
      "r914",
      "r941",
      "r942",
      "r943",
      "r944",
      "r945",
      "r946",
      "r947",
      "r948",
      "r952",
      "r958",
      "r1155",
      "r1199",
      "r1201",
      "r1202",
      "r1204",
      "r1205",
      "r1206",
      "r1207",
      "r1208",
      "r1209",
      "r1210",
      "r1211",
      "r1212",
      "r1213",
      "r1214",
      "r1215",
      "r1216",
      "r1217",
      "r1218",
      "r1219",
      "r1220",
      "r1221",
      "r1222",
      "r1223",
      "r1224",
      "r1225",
      "r1226",
      "r1227",
      "r1228"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_SegmentReportingAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "SegmentReportingAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Segment Reporting [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BusinessSegmentInformation"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Business Segment Information",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for reporting segments including data and tables. Reportable segments include those that meet any of the following quantitative thresholds a) it's reported revenue, including sales to external customers and intersegment sales or transfers is 10 percent or more of the combined revenue, internal and external, of all operating segments b) the absolute amount of its reported profit or loss is 10 percent or more of the greater, in absolute amount of 1) the combined reported profit of all operating segments that did not report a loss or 2) the combined reported loss of all operating segments that did report a loss c) its assets are 10 percent or more of the combined assets of all operating segments."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r131",
      "r265",
      "r269",
      "r270",
      "r271",
      "r272",
      "r273",
      "r285",
      "r287",
      "r288",
      "r293",
      "r294",
      "r295",
      "r296",
      "r297",
      "r298",
      "r299",
      "r302",
      "r896",
      "r898",
      "r899",
      "r900",
      "r902",
      "r903",
      "r904"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_SegmentReportingInformationLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "SegmentReportingInformationLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Segment Reporting Information [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_OperatingExpenses",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Selling, general and administrative",
        "verboseLabel": "Selling, general and administrative expense",
        "documentation": "The aggregate total costs related to selling a firm's product and services, as well as all other general and administrative expenses. Direct selling expenses (for example, credit, warranty, and advertising) are expenses that can be directly linked to the sale of specific products. Indirect selling expenses are expenses that cannot be directly linked to the sale of specific products, for example telephone expenses, Internet, and postal charges. General and administrative expenses include salaries of non-sales personnel, rent, utilities, communication, etc."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r90"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Selling, General and Administrative Expenses [Member]",
        "documentation": "Primary financial statement caption encompassing selling, general and administrative expense."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Series A Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]",
        "documentation": "Series A Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]",
        "documentation": "Series C Convertible Preferred Stock [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_SettlementAssetsCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "SettlementAssetsCurrent",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_AssetsCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 6.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Settlement assets, net of reserve of $1,903 at October 31, 2024 and $1,866 at July 31, 2024",
        "documentation": "Cash received or short term receivables for unsettled money transfers, money orders, consumer payments, or business to business payments. Settlement assets include clearing and settling customers payments due to and from financial institutions and may include cash and cash equivalents."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_SettlementAssetsReserve": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "SettlementAssetsReserve",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Settlement assets, net of reserve",
        "documentation": "Settlement assets, net of reserve."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 5.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Settlement liabilities",
        "documentation": "Amounts payable for money transfers, money orders, and consumer payment service arrangements. Settlement liabilities include amounts payable to intermediaries for global payment transfers."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_SeveranceCosts1": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "SeveranceCosts1",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_OperatingExpenses",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 3.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Severance",
        "documentation": "Amount of expenses for special or contractual termination benefits provided to current employees involuntarily terminated under a benefit arrangement associated exit or disposal activities pursuant to an authorized plan. Excludes expenses related to one-time termination benefits, a discontinued operation or an asset retirement obligation."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r8"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensation": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ShareBasedCompensation",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 5.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfCashFlows",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Stock-based compensation",
        "documentation": "Amount of noncash expense for share-based payment arrangement."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r7"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardAwardTypeAndPlanNameDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Award under share-based payment arrangement."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r469",
      "r470",
      "r471",
      "r472",
      "r473",
      "r474",
      "r475",
      "r476",
      "r477",
      "r478",
      "r479",
      "r480",
      "r481",
      "r482",
      "r483",
      "r484",
      "r485",
      "r486",
      "r487",
      "r488",
      "r489",
      "r490",
      "r491",
      "r492",
      "r493",
      "r494"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "ShortTermLeaseCost",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedToCompanysOperatingLeasesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Short-term lease cost",
        "documentation": "Amount of short-term lease cost, excluding expense for lease with term of one month or less."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r597",
      "r938"
     ]
    },
    "dei_SolicitingMaterial": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "SolicitingMaterial",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Soliciting Material",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r975"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEstimatedRevenueByBusinessSegmentDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Segments [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by business segments."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r128",
      "r129",
      "r130",
      "r131",
      "r178",
      "r265",
      "r270",
      "r273",
      "r274",
      "r275",
      "r276",
      "r277",
      "r278",
      "r279",
      "r280",
      "r281",
      "r282",
      "r283",
      "r284",
      "r286",
      "r287",
      "r288",
      "r289",
      "r290",
      "r291",
      "r292",
      "r293",
      "r295",
      "r296",
      "r297",
      "r302",
      "r374",
      "r375",
      "r376",
      "r377",
      "r378",
      "r379",
      "r380",
      "r381",
      "r382",
      "r383",
      "r386",
      "r394",
      "r395",
      "r722",
      "r723",
      "r724",
      "r725",
      "r726",
      "r727",
      "r728",
      "r729",
      "r730",
      "r731",
      "r732",
      "r897",
      "r900",
      "r901",
      "r907",
      "r953",
      "r1199",
      "r1201",
      "r1202",
      "r1203",
      "r1204",
      "r1205",
      "r1206",
      "r1207",
      "r1208",
      "r1209",
      "r1210",
      "r1211",
      "r1212",
      "r1213",
      "r1214",
      "r1215",
      "r1216",
      "r1217",
      "r1218",
      "r1219",
      "r1220",
      "r1221",
      "r1222",
      "r1223",
      "r1224",
      "r1225",
      "r1226",
      "r1227",
      "r1228"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_StatementClassOfStockAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StatementClassOfStockAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover",
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAttributableToMezzanineEquitysNoncontrollingInterestDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Class of Stock [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by the different classes of stock of the entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r142",
      "r189",
      "r190",
      "r191",
      "r224",
      "r252",
      "r256",
      "r258",
      "r260",
      "r267",
      "r268",
      "r348",
      "r406",
      "r408",
      "r409",
      "r410",
      "r413",
      "r414",
      "r429",
      "r430",
      "r433",
      "r436",
      "r443",
      "r573",
      "r757",
      "r758",
      "r759",
      "r760",
      "r765",
      "r766",
      "r767",
      "r768",
      "r769",
      "r770",
      "r771",
      "r772",
      "r773",
      "r774",
      "r775",
      "r776",
      "r796",
      "r818",
      "r838",
      "r866",
      "r867",
      "r868",
      "r869",
      "r870",
      "r1056",
      "r1087",
      "r1100"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_StatementEquityComponentsAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StatementEquityComponentsAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAccumulatedBalancesForEachClassificationOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeIncomeLossDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity Components [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by component of equity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13",
      "r74",
      "r77",
      "r78",
      "r175",
      "r207",
      "r208",
      "r209",
      "r227",
      "r228",
      "r229",
      "r233",
      "r241",
      "r244",
      "r246",
      "r266",
      "r349",
      "r354",
      "r384",
      "r444",
      "r507",
      "r508",
      "r515",
      "r516",
      "r517",
      "r521",
      "r522",
      "r523",
      "r532",
      "r533",
      "r534",
      "r535",
      "r536",
      "r538",
      "r543",
      "r578",
      "r580",
      "r581",
      "r582",
      "r583",
      "r584",
      "r587",
      "r590",
      "r606",
      "r712",
      "r744",
      "r745",
      "r746",
      "r765",
      "r838"
     ]
    },
    "srt_StatementGeographicalAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "StatementGeographicalAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Geographical [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by geographical components."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r146",
      "r148",
      "r151",
      "r153",
      "r160",
      "r161",
      "r162",
      "r163",
      "r165",
      "r166",
      "r167",
      "r168",
      "r169",
      "r170",
      "r300",
      "r301",
      "r649",
      "r650",
      "r651",
      "r652",
      "r653",
      "r654",
      "r655",
      "r656",
      "r657",
      "r658",
      "r659",
      "r660",
      "r661",
      "r662",
      "r663",
      "r664",
      "r665",
      "r666",
      "r667",
      "r668",
      "r669",
      "r670",
      "r671",
      "r672",
      "r673",
      "r674",
      "r675",
      "r676",
      "r677",
      "r678",
      "r779",
      "r782",
      "r784",
      "r847",
      "r849",
      "r854",
      "r861",
      "r873",
      "r875",
      "r876",
      "r877",
      "r878",
      "r880",
      "r881",
      "r882",
      "r883",
      "r884",
      "r889",
      "r914",
      "r941",
      "r942",
      "r943",
      "r944",
      "r945",
      "r946",
      "r947",
      "r948",
      "r952",
      "r958",
      "r1155",
      "r1199",
      "r1201",
      "r1202",
      "r1204",
      "r1205",
      "r1206",
      "r1207",
      "r1208",
      "r1209",
      "r1210",
      "r1211",
      "r1212",
      "r1213",
      "r1214",
      "r1215",
      "r1216",
      "r1217",
      "r1218",
      "r1219",
      "r1220",
      "r1221",
      "r1222",
      "r1223",
      "r1224",
      "r1225",
      "r1226",
      "r1227",
      "r1228"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_StatementLineItems": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StatementLineItems",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover",
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Statement [Line Items]",
        "documentation": "Line items represent financial concepts included in a table. These concepts are used to disclose reportable information associated with domain members defined in one or many axes to the table."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r227",
      "r228",
      "r229",
      "r266",
      "r590",
      "r645",
      "r756",
      "r776",
      "r788",
      "r789",
      "r790",
      "r791",
      "r792",
      "r793",
      "r796",
      "r799",
      "r800",
      "r801",
      "r802",
      "r803",
      "r804",
      "r805",
      "r806",
      "r807",
      "r809",
      "r810",
      "r811",
      "r812",
      "r813",
      "r815",
      "r820",
      "r821",
      "r824",
      "r825",
      "r826",
      "r827",
      "r828",
      "r829",
      "r830",
      "r831",
      "r832",
      "r833",
      "r834",
      "r835",
      "r838",
      "r959"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract",
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract",
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_StatementTable": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StatementTable",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/BasisOfPresentationDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover",
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/LeasesDetailsNarrative",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Statement [Table]",
        "documentation": "Disclosure of information about statement of comprehensive income, income, other comprehensive income, financial position, cash flows, and shareholders' equity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r227",
      "r228",
      "r229",
      "r266",
      "r304",
      "r590",
      "r645",
      "r756",
      "r776",
      "r788",
      "r789",
      "r790",
      "r791",
      "r792",
      "r793",
      "r796",
      "r799",
      "r800",
      "r801",
      "r802",
      "r803",
      "r804",
      "r805",
      "r806",
      "r807",
      "r809",
      "r810",
      "r811",
      "r812",
      "r813",
      "r815",
      "r820",
      "r821",
      "r824",
      "r825",
      "r826",
      "r827",
      "r828",
      "r829",
      "r830",
      "r831",
      "r832",
      "r833",
      "r834",
      "r835",
      "r838",
      "r959"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "StkPrcOrTsrEstimationMethodTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/ErrCompDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Stock Price or TSR Estimation Method"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r986",
      "r997",
      "r1007",
      "r1032"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuance of shares",
        "documentation": "Number of new stock issued during the period."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13",
      "r73",
      "r74",
      "r112",
      "r757",
      "r838",
      "r867"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Issuance of shares, value",
        "documentation": "Equity impact of the value of new stock issued during the period. Includes shares issued in an initial public offering or a secondary public offering."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13",
      "r73",
      "r74",
      "r112",
      "r765",
      "r838",
      "r867",
      "r965"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Exercise of stock options",
        "documentation": "Value of stock issued as a result of the exercise of stock options."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13",
      "r74",
      "r77",
      "r78",
      "r112"
     ]
    },
    "srt_StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Repurchase of shares",
        "documentation": "Number of shares authorized to be purchased under share repurchase plan. Includes, but is not limited to, repurchase of stock and unit of ownership."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1153"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Remained available repurchase, shares",
        "documentation": "Number of shares remaining authorized to be purchased under share repurchase plan. Includes, but is not limited to, repurchase of stock and unit of ownership."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_StockholdersEquity": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StockholdersEquity",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 1.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Total IDT Corporation stockholders\u2019 equity",
        "label": "Equity, Attributable to Parent",
        "documentation": "Amount of equity (deficit) attributable to parent. Excludes temporary equity and equity attributable to noncontrolling interest."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r74",
      "r77",
      "r78",
      "r103",
      "r798",
      "r814",
      "r839",
      "r840",
      "r939",
      "r966",
      "r1089",
      "r1130",
      "r1172",
      "r1232"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_StockholdersEquityAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StockholdersEquityAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "IDT Corporation stockholders\u2019 equity:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 4.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "totalLabel": "Total equity",
        "periodStartLabel": "Balance",
        "periodEndLabel": "Balance",
        "label": "Equity, Including Portion Attributable to Noncontrolling Interest",
        "documentation": "Amount of equity (deficit) attributable to parent and noncontrolling interest. Excludes temporary equity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r54",
      "r55",
      "r59",
      "r175",
      "r176",
      "r208",
      "r227",
      "r228",
      "r229",
      "r233",
      "r241",
      "r244",
      "r349",
      "r354",
      "r384",
      "r444",
      "r507",
      "r508",
      "r515",
      "r516",
      "r517",
      "r521",
      "r522",
      "r523",
      "r532",
      "r533",
      "r534",
      "r535",
      "r536",
      "r538",
      "r543",
      "r578",
      "r580",
      "r584",
      "r588",
      "r606",
      "r745",
      "r746",
      "r763",
      "r798",
      "r814",
      "r839",
      "r840",
      "r871",
      "r965",
      "r1089",
      "r1130",
      "r1172",
      "r1232"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Equity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Equity",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for equity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r109",
      "r223",
      "r428",
      "r430",
      "r432",
      "r433",
      "r434",
      "r435",
      "r436",
      "r437",
      "r438",
      "r439",
      "r440",
      "r442",
      "r444",
      "r540",
      "r841",
      "r842",
      "r872"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_TDBankMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "TDBankMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/RevolvingCreditFacilityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "TD Bank [Member]",
        "documentation": "TD Bank [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ecd_TabularListTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "TabularListTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Tabular List, Table"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1026"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAmountThatWereReclassifiedDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncomeParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Technology and Development Expense [Member]",
        "documentation": "Technology and Development Expense [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "srt_TitleOfIndividualAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "TitleOfIndividualAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Title and Position [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by title and position of individual or group within organization."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1110",
      "r1184"
     ]
    },
    "srt_TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/srt/2024",
     "localname": "TitleOfIndividualWithRelationshipToEntityDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Title and position of individual or group within organization."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "ecd_TotalShareholderRtnAmt": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "TotalShareholderRtnAmt",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Shareholder Return Amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1018"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "TotalShareholderRtnVsPeerGroupTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/PvpDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Total Shareholder Return Vs Peer Group"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1025"
     ]
    },
    "dei_TradingSymbol": {
     "xbrltype": "tradingSymbolItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "TradingSymbol",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Trading Symbol",
        "documentation": "Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_TraditionalCommunicationsMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "TraditionalCommunicationsMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOperatingResultsOfBusinessSegmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByBusinessSegmentAndServiceOfferedToCustomersDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Traditional Communications [Member]",
        "documentation": "Traditional Communications [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "TransfersAndServicingOfFinancialInstrumentsTypesOfFinancialInstrumentsDomain",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "documentation": "Instrument or contract that imposes a contractual obligation to deliver cash or another financial instrument or to exchange other financial instruments on potentially unfavorable terms and conveys a contractual right to receive cash or another financial instrument or to exchange other financial instruments on potentially favorable terms."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r308",
      "r309",
      "r310",
      "r311",
      "r312",
      "r313",
      "r314",
      "r315",
      "r316",
      "r317",
      "r318",
      "r319",
      "r320",
      "r321",
      "r322",
      "r323",
      "r324",
      "r325",
      "r326",
      "r327",
      "r328",
      "r329",
      "r330",
      "r331",
      "r332",
      "r333",
      "r334",
      "r335",
      "r336",
      "r337",
      "r426",
      "r441",
      "r539",
      "r568",
      "r612",
      "r613",
      "r614",
      "r615",
      "r616",
      "r617",
      "r618",
      "r619",
      "r620",
      "r621",
      "r622",
      "r623",
      "r624",
      "r625",
      "r626",
      "r628",
      "r629",
      "r630",
      "r631",
      "r632",
      "r633",
      "r634",
      "r635",
      "r636",
      "r637",
      "r638",
      "r639",
      "r640",
      "r641",
      "r642",
      "r713",
      "r927",
      "r929",
      "r931",
      "r932",
      "r933",
      "r934",
      "r935",
      "r936",
      "r937",
      "r940",
      "r1067",
      "r1068",
      "r1069",
      "r1070",
      "r1071",
      "r1072",
      "r1073",
      "r1124",
      "r1125",
      "r1126",
      "r1127",
      "r1164",
      "r1167",
      "r1168",
      "r1169",
      "r1170",
      "r1171"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_TrdArrAdoptionDate": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "TrdArrAdoptionDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Adoption Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1048"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_TrdArrDuration": {
     "xbrltype": "durationItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "TrdArrDuration",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Arrangement Duration"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1049"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_TrdArrExpirationDate": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "TrdArrExpirationDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Expiration Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1049"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_TrdArrIndName": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "TrdArrIndName",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Name",
        "label": "Trading Arrangement, Individual Name"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1047"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_TrdArrIndTitle": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "TrdArrIndTitle",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Title"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1047"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_TrdArrTerminationDate": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "TrdArrTerminationDate",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/InsiderTradingArrangements"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Termination Date"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1048"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "TreasuryStockCommonMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Treasury Stock, Common [Member]",
        "documentation": "Previously issued common shares repurchased by the issuing entity and held in treasury."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r45"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonShares": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "TreasuryStockCommonShares",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheetsParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Treasury stock shares",
        "documentation": "Number of previously issued common shares repurchased by the issuing entity and held in treasury."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r45"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_TreasuryStockSharesAcquired": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "TreasuryStockSharesAcquired",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Class B common stock shares repurchased",
        "documentation": "Number of shares that have been repurchased during the period and are being held in treasury."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13",
      "r74",
      "r112"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_TreasuryStockValue": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "TreasuryStockValue",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_StockholdersEquity",
       "weight": -1.0,
       "order": 4.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/BalanceSheets"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "negatedLabel": "Treasury stock, at cost, consisting of 1,698 and 1,698 shares of Class A common stock and 4,555 and 4,493 shares of Class B common stock at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, respectively",
        "label": "Treasury Stock, Value",
        "documentation": "The amount allocated to treasury stock. Treasury stock is common and preferred shares of an entity that were issued, repurchased by the entity, and are held in its treasury."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r45",
      "r46",
      "r74",
      "r77"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased",
        "documentation": "Equity impact of the cost of common and preferred stock that were repurchased during the period. Recorded using the cost method."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r13",
      "r45",
      "r112"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Repurchases of Class B common stock through repurchase program",
        "documentation": "Treasury stock, value, repurchases of common stock through repurchase program."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfEquity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Restricted Class B common stock purchased from employees",
        "documentation": "Treasury stock, value, restricted common stock purchased from employees."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_TypeOfArrangementAxis": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "TypeOfArrangementAxis",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Axis]",
        "documentation": "Information by collaborative arrangement and arrangement other than collaborative applicable to revenue-generating activity or operations."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r524"
     ]
    },
    "country_US": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2024",
     "localname": "US",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfRevenuesDisaggregatedByGeographicRegionDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "UNITED STATES"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "US Government-sponsored Enterprises Debt Securities [Member]",
        "documentation": "Debentures, bonds and other debt securities issued by US government sponsored entities (GSEs), for example, but not limited to, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (FHLMC or Freddie Mac), Federal National Mortgage Association (FNMA or Fannie Mae), and the Federal Home Loan Bank (FHLB). Excludes debt issued by the Government National Mortgage Association (GNMA or Ginnie Mae)."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1156",
      "r1196"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfAvailable-for-saleSecuritiesUnrealizedLossPositionDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfContinuousUnrealizedLossPositionFor12MonthsOrLongerDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "US Treasury Bill Securities [Member]",
        "documentation": "This category includes information about negotiable debt securities issued by the United States Department of the Treasury which generally have maturities of one year or less, are interest bearing, and are backed by the full faith and credit of the United States government."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1196"
     ]
    },
    "ecd_UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct": {
     "xbrltype": "pureItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/2024",
     "localname": "UndrlygSecurityMktPriceChngPct",
     "presentation": [
      "http://xbrl.sec.gov/ecd/role/AwardTimingDisclosure"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Underlying Security Market Price Change"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1044"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsTables"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Schedule of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments",
        "documentation": "Tabular disclosure of unrealized gains and losses on investments."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "calculation": {
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails": {
       "parentTag": "us-gaap_OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet",
       "weight": 1.0,
       "order": 2.0
      }
     },
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpenseGainNetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Corporate\u2014Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims",
        "documentation": "Amount of insurance proceeds for an event or transaction that is unusual in nature or infrequent in occurrence, or both."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r94"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity",
     "crdr": "debit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Aggregate funding provided by the Company, net",
        "documentation": "Variable interest entity aggregate funding repaid to provided by reporting entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock": {
     "xbrltype": "textBlockItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/VariableInterestEntity"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Variable Interest Entity",
        "documentation": "The entire disclosure for a variable interest entity (VIE), including but not limited to, judgments and assumptions in determining whether to consolidate and in identifying the primary beneficiary, gain (loss) recognized on the initial consolidation of the VIE, terms of arrangements, amounts and classification of the VIE's assets and liabilities, and the entity's maximum exposure to loss."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r114"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount": {
     "xbrltype": "monetaryItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount",
     "crdr": "credit",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfNetIncomeAndAggregateFundingRepaidToCompanyByVieDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Net income of the VIE",
        "documentation": "Variable interest entity net income losst amount"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ViesSummarizedConsolidatedBalanceSheetDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Variable Interest Entity, Primary Beneficiary [Member]",
        "documentation": "Variable Interest Entities (VIE) in which the entity has a controlling financial interest (as defined) and of which it is therefore the primary beneficiary. A controlling financial interest is determined based on both: (a) the entity's power to direct activities of the VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance and (b) the entity's obligation to absorb losses of the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE. VIEs of which the entity is the primary beneficiary are included in the consolidated financial statements of the entity."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r58",
      "r526",
      "r527",
      "r530",
      "r531"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_VisaClassACommonStockMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "VisaClassACommonStockMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Visa Class A Common Stock [Member]",
        "documentation": "Visa Class A Common Stock [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_VisaIncMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "VisaIncMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Visa Inc [Member]",
        "documentation": "Visa Inc [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/EquityInvestmentsDetailsNarrative"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Visa Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]",
        "documentation": "Visa Series A Convertible Participating Preferred Stock [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Diluted",
        "label": "Diluted weighted-average number of shares",
        "documentation": "The average number of shares or units issued and outstanding that are used in calculating diluted EPS or earnings per unit (EPU), determined based on the timing of issuance of shares or units in the period."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r251",
      "r260"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic": {
     "xbrltype": "sharesItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfWeighted-averageNumberOfSharesUsedInCalculationOfBasicAndDilutedEarningsPerShareDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "verboseLabel": "Basic",
        "label": "Basic weighted-average number of shares",
        "documentation": "Number of [basic] shares or units, after adjustment for contingently issuable shares or units and other shares or units not deemed outstanding, determined by relating the portion of time within a reporting period that common shares or units have been outstanding to the total time in that period."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r250",
      "r260"
     ]
    },
    "us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract": {
     "xbrltype": "stringItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024",
     "localname": "WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/StatementsOfIncome"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Weighted-average number of shares used in calculation of earnings per share:"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "dei_WrittenCommunications": {
     "xbrltype": "booleanItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024",
     "localname": "WrittenCommunications",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/Cover"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Written Communications",
        "documentation": "Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act."
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": [
      "r1053"
     ]
    },
    "IDT_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfUnrealizedGainsLossesGainsForAllEquityInvestmentsDetails"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Zedge Class B Common Stock [Member]",
        "documentation": "Zedge Class B Common Stock [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    },
    "IDT_ZedgeIncMember": {
     "xbrltype": "domainItemType",
     "nsuri": "http://idt.net/20241031",
     "localname": "ZedgeIncMember",
     "presentation": [
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetails",
      "http://idt.net/role/ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsDetailsParenthetical"
     ],
     "lang": {
      "en-us": {
       "role": {
        "label": "Zedge Inc [Member]",
        "documentation": "Zedge Inc [Member]"
       }
      }
     },
     "auth_ref": []
    }
   }
  }
 },
 "std_ref": {
  "r0": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "SubTopic": "230",
   "Topic": "830",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477401/830-230-45-1"
  },
  "r1": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "10A",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "220",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-10A"
  },
  "r2": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "10A",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "220",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-10A"
  },
  "r3": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "230",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-13"
  },
  "r4": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "14",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "230",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-14"
  },
  "r5": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "SubTopic": "405",
   "Topic": "942",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477787/942-405-45-2"
  },
  "r6": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "20",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "810",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-20"
  },
  "r7": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "28",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "230",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28"
  },
  "r8": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "28",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "230",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28"
  },
  "r9": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "360",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482099/360-10-50-1"
  },
  "r10": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Topic": "715",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1"
  },
  "r11": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(3)",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "810",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-1A"
  },
  "r12": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "810",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-1A"
  },
  "r13": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "505",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2"
  },
  "r14": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2A",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "718",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2A"
  },
  "r15": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "230",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8"
  },
  "r16": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "15",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "220",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482739/220-10-55-15"
  },
  "r17": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(22))",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "210",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r18": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "14",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-14"
  },
  "r19": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "14A",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-14A"
  },
  "r20": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-5"
  },
  "r21": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-13"
  },
  "r22": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "14",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-14"
  },
  "r23": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "15",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15"
  },
  "r24": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-4"
  },
  "r25": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-7"
  },
  "r26": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8"
  },
  "r27": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "9",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9"
  },
  "r28": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "68B",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-68B"
  },
  "r29": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1"
  },
  "r30": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "52",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482635/260-10-55-52"
  },
  "r31": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22"
  },
  "r32": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "25",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-25"
  },
  "r33": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "30",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30"
  },
  "r34": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "40",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-40"
  },
  "r35": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "323",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3"
  },
  "r36": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "360",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482099/360-10-50-1"
  },
  "r37": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "480",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Subparagraph": "(12)(c)",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3A",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480244/480-10-S99-3A"
  },
  "r38": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "480",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Subparagraph": "(16)(c)",
   "Paragraph": "3A",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480244/480-10-S99-3A"
  },
  "r39": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481142/505-10-45-2"
  },
  "r40": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "10",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-10"
  },
  "r41": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-3"
  },
  "r42": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-4"
  },
  "r43": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-5"
  },
  "r44": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-8"
  },
  "r45": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481549/505-30-45-1"
  },
  "r46": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481520/505-30-50-4"
  },
  "r47": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-2"
  },
  "r48": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-3"
  },
  "r49": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-4"
  },
  "r50": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "17",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480482/715-20-55-17"
  },
  "r51": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "12",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481089/718-20-55-12"
  },
  "r52": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481089/718-20-55-13"
  },
  "r53": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "805",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Section": "25",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479668/805-30-25-6"
  },
  "r54": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "15",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-15"
  },
  "r55": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "16",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-16"
  },
  "r56": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "21",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-21"
  },
  "r57": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-1A"
  },
  "r58": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3"
  },
  "r59": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "4I",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4I"
  },
  "r60": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "4J",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4J"
  },
  "r61": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "4K",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4K"
  },
  "r62": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "4M",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4M"
  },
  "r63": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(19)(a))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r64": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(19)(b))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r65": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(19))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r66": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(20))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r67": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(21))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r68": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(22)(b))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r69": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(23))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r70": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(24))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r71": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(25))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r72": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(26))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r73": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(28))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r74": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(29))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r75": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r76": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(3))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r77": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(30))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r78": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(31))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r79": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(32))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r80": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/220/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r81": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "10A",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-10A"
  },
  "r82": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "10A",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-10A"
  },
  "r83": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "11",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-11"
  },
  "r84": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r85": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(10))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r86": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(12))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r87": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(19))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r88": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r89": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(20))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r90": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(4))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r91": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(7)(c))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r92": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(7))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r93": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(9)(a))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r94": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483613/220-20-50-1"
  },
  "r95": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-13"
  },
  "r96": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "15",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15"
  },
  "r97": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "15",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-15"
  },
  "r98": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "24",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24"
  },
  "r99": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "25",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-25"
  },
  "r100": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "28",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28"
  },
  "r101": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/235/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r102": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "41",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-41"
  },
  "r103": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "310",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SAB Topic 4.E)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480418/310-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r104": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "440",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/440/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r105": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/470/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r106": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "480",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(02)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480244/480-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r107": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "480",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3A",
   "Subparagraph": "(14)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480244/480-10-S99-3A"
  },
  "r108": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "480",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3A",
   "Subparagraph": "(15)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480244/480-10-S99-3A"
  },
  "r109": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/505/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r110": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-6"
  },
  "r111": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-7"
  },
  "r112": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.3-04)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r113": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "805",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "35",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479613/805-30-35-1"
  },
  "r114": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "810",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/810/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r115": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "19",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-19"
  },
  "r116": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-1A"
  },
  "r117": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-03(1)(a))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r118": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-03(11))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r119": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-03(15)(5))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r120": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-03(16))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r121": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-03(17))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r122": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-03(22))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r123": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-03(23))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r124": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-04(13)(f))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r125": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-04(15))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r126": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-04(22))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r127": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/942-320/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r128": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "32",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32"
  },
  "r129": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "32",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32"
  },
  "r130": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "32",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32"
  },
  "r131": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "32",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32"
  },
  "r132": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-6"
  },
  "r133": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-6"
  },
  "r134": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-6"
  },
  "r135": {
   "role": "http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/otherTransitionRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-7"
  },
  "r136": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Topic": "740",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482659/740-20-45-2"
  },
  "r137": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "606",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-13"
  },
  "r138": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(1)",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "606",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-13"
  },
  "r139": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.4-08(h))",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "235",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r140": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "250",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/250/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r141": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "606",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/606/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r142": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K (SK)",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "1402",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r143": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K (SK)",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "1403",
   "Paragraph": "b",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r144": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "04",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r145": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "12",
   "Paragraph": "Column A",
   "Footnote": "2",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r146": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "12",
   "Paragraph": "Column C",
   "Footnote": "5",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r147": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "12A",
   "Paragraph": "Column A",
   "Footnote": "2",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r148": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "12A",
   "Paragraph": "Column C",
   "Footnote": "4",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r149": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "12B",
   "Paragraph": "Column A",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Footnote": "4",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r150": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "12B",
   "Paragraph": "Column A",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Footnote": "4",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r151": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "12B",
   "Paragraph": "Column C",
   "Footnote": "2",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r152": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "14",
   "Paragraph": "Column A",
   "Footnote": "2",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r153": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "14",
   "Paragraph": "Column F",
   "Footnote": "7",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r154": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "17",
   "Paragraph": "Column A",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r155": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "17",
   "Paragraph": "Column B",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r156": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "17",
   "Paragraph": "Column C",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r157": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "17",
   "Paragraph": "Column D",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r158": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "17",
   "Paragraph": "Column E",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r159": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "17",
   "Paragraph": "Column F",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r160": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "28",
   "Paragraph": "Column A",
   "Footnote": "2",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r161": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "28",
   "Paragraph": "Column B",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r162": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "28",
   "Paragraph": "Column C",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r163": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "28",
   "Paragraph": "Column D",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r164": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "28",
   "Paragraph": "Column E",
   "Footnote": "4",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r165": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "28",
   "Paragraph": "Column E",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r166": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "28",
   "Paragraph": "Column F",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r167": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "28",
   "Paragraph": "Column G",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r168": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "28",
   "Paragraph": "Column H",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r169": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "28",
   "Paragraph": "Column I",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r170": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "29",
   "Paragraph": "Column A",
   "Footnote": "4",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r171": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)",
   "Number": "Topic 11",
   "Section": "L",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r172": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)",
   "Number": "Topic 11",
   "Section": "M",
   "Paragraph": "Question 2",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r173": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)",
   "Number": "Topic 5",
   "Section": "Y",
   "Paragraph": "Question 2",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r174": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Name": "Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)",
   "Number": "Topic 5",
   "Section": "Y",
   "Paragraph": "Question 4",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r175": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "105",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479343/105-10-65-6"
  },
  "r176": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "105",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479343/105-10-65-6"
  },
  "r177": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "105",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479343/105-10-65-7"
  },
  "r178": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "205",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483499/205-20-50-1"
  },
  "r179": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "205",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483499/205-20-50-7"
  },
  "r180": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-1"
  },
  "r181": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-5"
  },
  "r182": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r183": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(12))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r184": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(15))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r185": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(17))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r186": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(18))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r187": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r188": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(22)(a)(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r189": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(27)(b))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r190": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(28))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r191": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(29))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r192": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(30)(a)(4))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r193": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(4))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r194": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(7))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r195": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(8))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r196": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(9))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r197": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "10A",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-10A"
  },
  "r198": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "10A",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-10A"
  },
  "r199": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "10A",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-10A"
  },
  "r200": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "11",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-11"
  },
  "r201": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "14A",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-14A"
  },
  "r202": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A"
  },
  "r203": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A"
  },
  "r204": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1A"
  },
  "r205": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B"
  },
  "r206": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482790/220-10-45-1B"
  },
  "r207": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-4"
  },
  "r208": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-5"
  },
  "r209": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-6"
  },
  "r210": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r211": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(21))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r212": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(22))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r213": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(23))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r214": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(24))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r215": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(25))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r216": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(5))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r217": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "11",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-11"
  },
  "r218": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "12",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-12"
  },
  "r219": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-2"
  },
  "r220": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "24",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-24"
  },
  "r221": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8"
  },
  "r222": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "235",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.4-08(c))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r223": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "235",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.4-08(e)(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r224": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "235",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r225": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "235",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.4-08(h)(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r226": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "235",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-04(a))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-3"
  },
  "r227": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "23",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483421/250-10-45-23"
  },
  "r228": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "24",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483421/250-10-45-24"
  },
  "r229": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483421/250-10-45-5"
  },
  "r230": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1"
  },
  "r231": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1"
  },
  "r232": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1"
  },
  "r233": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1"
  },
  "r234": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(4)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1"
  },
  "r235": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-1"
  },
  "r236": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "11",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11"
  },
  "r237": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "11",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-11"
  },
  "r238": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "12",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-12"
  },
  "r239": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-3"
  },
  "r240": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-4"
  },
  "r241": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6"
  },
  "r242": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-7"
  },
  "r243": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-7"
  },
  "r244": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-7"
  },
  "r245": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8"
  },
  "r246": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "9",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-9"
  },
  "r247": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(SAB Topic 11.M.Q2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480530/250-10-S99-5"
  },
  "r248": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480530/250-10-S99-6"
  },
  "r249": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/260/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r250": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "10",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-10"
  },
  "r251": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "16",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-16"
  },
  "r252": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-2"
  },
  "r253": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-22"
  },
  "r254": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "23",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-23"
  },
  "r255": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "26",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-26"
  },
  "r256": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-3"
  },
  "r257": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "60B",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-60B"
  },
  "r258": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "60B",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-60B"
  },
  "r259": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-7"
  },
  "r260": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1"
  },
  "r261": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1"
  },
  "r262": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-2"
  },
  "r263": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-3"
  },
  "r264": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "15",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482635/260-10-55-15"
  },
  "r265": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "270",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1"
  },
  "r266": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "272",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483014/272-10-45-1"
  },
  "r267": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "272",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482987/272-10-50-1"
  },
  "r268": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "272",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482987/272-10-50-3"
  },
  "r269": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/280/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r270": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "15",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-15"
  },
  "r271": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "21",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-21"
  },
  "r272": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "21",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-21"
  },
  "r273": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22"
  },
  "r274": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22"
  },
  "r275": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22"
  },
  "r276": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22"
  },
  "r277": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22"
  },
  "r278": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22"
  },
  "r279": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22"
  },
  "r280": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22"
  },
  "r281": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22"
  },
  "r282": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Subparagraph": "(j)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22"
  },
  "r283": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "25",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-25"
  },
  "r284": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "25",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-25"
  },
  "r285": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "26",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-26"
  },
  "r286": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "26A",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-26A"
  },
  "r287": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "26B",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-26B"
  },
  "r288": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "26C",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-26C"
  },
  "r289": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "30",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30"
  },
  "r290": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "30",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30"
  },
  "r291": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "30",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30"
  },
  "r292": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "30",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30"
  },
  "r293": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "31",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-31"
  },
  "r294": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "32",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32"
  },
  "r295": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "32",
   "Subparagraph": "(ee)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32"
  },
  "r296": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "32",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32"
  },
  "r297": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "34",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-34"
  },
  "r298": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "40",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-40"
  },
  "r299": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "41",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-41"
  },
  "r300": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "41",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-41"
  },
  "r301": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "41",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-41"
  },
  "r302": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "42",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-42"
  },
  "r303": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476173/280-10-65-1"
  },
  "r304": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "310",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481990/310-10-45-13"
  },
  "r305": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "310",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481962/310-10-50-4"
  },
  "r306": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/320/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r307": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "10",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-10"
  },
  "r308": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2"
  },
  "r309": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2"
  },
  "r310": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(aa)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2"
  },
  "r311": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(aaa)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2"
  },
  "r312": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2"
  },
  "r313": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2"
  },
  "r314": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2"
  },
  "r315": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3"
  },
  "r316": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3"
  },
  "r317": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3"
  },
  "r318": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3"
  },
  "r319": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3"
  },
  "r320": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5"
  },
  "r321": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5"
  },
  "r322": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(aaa)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5"
  },
  "r323": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5"
  },
  "r324": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5"
  },
  "r325": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5"
  },
  "r326": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5"
  },
  "r327": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5"
  },
  "r328": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5"
  },
  "r329": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(4)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5"
  },
  "r330": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5A",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5A"
  },
  "r331": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5A",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5A"
  },
  "r332": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5A",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5A"
  },
  "r333": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5B",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5B"
  },
  "r334": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5B",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5B"
  },
  "r335": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5B",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5B"
  },
  "r336": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5B",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5B"
  },
  "r337": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5B",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-5B"
  },
  "r338": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "9",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-9"
  },
  "r339": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "321",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-3"
  },
  "r340": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "321",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-3"
  },
  "r341": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "321",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-3"
  },
  "r342": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "323",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481664/323-10-45-1"
  },
  "r343": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "323",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3"
  },
  "r344": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "323",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3"
  },
  "r345": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "323",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3"
  },
  "r346": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "323",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3"
  },
  "r347": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "323",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3"
  },
  "r348": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "323",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3"
  },
  "r349": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-4"
  },
  "r350": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-4"
  },
  "r351": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-4"
  },
  "r352": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-4"
  },
  "r353": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(4)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-4"
  },
  "r354": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-5"
  },
  "r355": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479344/326-20-45-1"
  },
  "r356": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "11",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479319/326-20-50-11"
  },
  "r357": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479319/326-20-50-13"
  },
  "r358": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479319/326-20-50-13"
  },
  "r359": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "14",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479319/326-20-50-14"
  },
  "r360": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "16",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479319/326-20-50-16"
  },
  "r361": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479319/326-20-50-5"
  },
  "r362": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479130/326-30-45-1"
  },
  "r363": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479106/326-30-50-4"
  },
  "r364": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479106/326-30-50-4"
  },
  "r365": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479106/326-30-50-4"
  },
  "r366": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479106/326-30-50-5"
  },
  "r367": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479106/326-30-50-7"
  },
  "r368": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "9",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479106/326-30-50-9"
  },
  "r369": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "340",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "05",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482955/340-10-05-5"
  },
  "r370": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "340",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483032/340-10-45-1"
  },
  "r371": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "340",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479483/340-40-50-3"
  },
  "r372": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "340",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479483/340-40-50-3"
  },
  "r373": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482598/350-20-45-1"
  },
  "r374": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1"
  },
  "r375": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1"
  },
  "r376": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1"
  },
  "r377": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1"
  },
  "r378": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1"
  },
  "r379": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1"
  },
  "r380": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1"
  },
  "r381": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1"
  },
  "r382": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1"
  },
  "r383": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482665/350-30-50-3"
  },
  "r384": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "60",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476166/350-60-65-1"
  },
  "r385": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "360",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482099/360-10-50-3"
  },
  "r386": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "360",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482099/360-10-50-3"
  },
  "r387": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "405",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1"
  },
  "r388": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "405",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1"
  },
  "r389": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "405",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1"
  },
  "r390": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "405",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1"
  },
  "r391": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "405",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1"
  },
  "r392": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "405",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477092/405-40-50-1"
  },
  "r393": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "420",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482017/420-10-50-1"
  },
  "r394": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "420",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482017/420-10-50-1"
  },
  "r395": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "420",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SAB Topic 5.P.4.d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479823/420-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r396": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "440",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482648/440-10-50-4"
  },
  "r397": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "440",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482648/440-10-50-4"
  },
  "r398": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "450",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483076/450-20-50-4"
  },
  "r399": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "450",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "9",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483076/450-20-50-9"
  },
  "r400": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "450",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SAB Topic 5.Y.Q2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480102/450-20-S99-1"
  },
  "r401": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "450",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SAB Topic 5.Y.Q4)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480102/450-20-S99-1"
  },
  "r402": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "460",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482425/460-10-50-2"
  },
  "r403": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "460",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482425/460-10-50-3"
  },
  "r404": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6"
  },
  "r405": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6"
  },
  "r406": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A"
  },
  "r407": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii)(A))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A"
  },
  "r408": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A"
  },
  "r409": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-01(a)(5))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A"
  },
  "r410": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(i))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B"
  },
  "r411": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(A))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B"
  },
  "r412": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iii)(B))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B"
  },
  "r413": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B"
  },
  "r414": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-02(a)(5))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B"
  },
  "r415": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B"
  },
  "r416": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B"
  },
  "r417": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B"
  },
  "r418": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Subparagraph": "(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B"
  },
  "r419": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1C",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1C"
  },
  "r420": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1C",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1C"
  },
  "r421": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1C",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1C"
  },
  "r422": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1D",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1D"
  },
  "r423": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1E",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1E"
  },
  "r424": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1I",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I"
  },
  "r425": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1I",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I"
  },
  "r426": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1I",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I"
  },
  "r427": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1I",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1I"
  },
  "r428": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13"
  },
  "r429": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13"
  },
  "r430": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13"
  },
  "r431": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13"
  },
  "r432": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13"
  },
  "r433": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13"
  },
  "r434": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13"
  },
  "r435": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "14",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14"
  },
  "r436": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "14",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14"
  },
  "r437": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "14",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-14"
  },
  "r438": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "16",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-16"
  },
  "r439": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "18",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18"
  },
  "r440": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "18",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18"
  },
  "r441": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "18",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18"
  },
  "r442": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "18",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-18"
  },
  "r443": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-2"
  },
  "r444": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.3-04)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480008/505-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r445": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479837/606-10-45-1"
  },
  "r446": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479837/606-10-45-2"
  },
  "r447": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "10",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-10"
  },
  "r448": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "12",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12"
  },
  "r449": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "12",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12"
  },
  "r450": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "12",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12"
  },
  "r451": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "12",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12"
  },
  "r452": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "12",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-12"
  },
  "r453": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-13"
  },
  "r454": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "15",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-15"
  },
  "r455": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-5"
  },
  "r456": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-8"
  },
  "r457": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-8"
  },
  "r458": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "9",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-9"
  },
  "r459": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1"
  },
  "r460": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(iv)(01)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1"
  },
  "r461": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(iv)(02)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1"
  },
  "r462": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(iv)(02)(A)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1"
  },
  "r463": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(iv)(02)(B)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1"
  },
  "r464": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(iv)(02)(C)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1"
  },
  "r465": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(iv)(03)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1"
  },
  "r466": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(n)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1"
  },
  "r467": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "80",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480576/715-80-50-5"
  },
  "r468": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "35",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480483/718-10-35-2"
  },
  "r469": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r470": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r471": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r472": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r473": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)(ii)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r474": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)(iii)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r475": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)(iv)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r476": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)(iv)(01)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r477": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)(iv)(02)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r478": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)(iv)(03)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r479": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)(iv)(04)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r480": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(2)(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r481": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(2)(ii)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r482": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(2)(iii)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r483": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(2)(iii)(01)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r484": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(2)(iii)(02)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r485": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(2)(iii)(03)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r486": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r487": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r488": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r489": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r490": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(2)(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r491": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(2)(ii)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r492": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(2)(iii)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r493": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(2)(iv)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r494": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "718",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(2)(v)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480429/718-10-50-2"
  },
  "r495": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "720",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483359/720-20-50-1"
  },
  "r496": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "730",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482916/730-10-50-1"
  },
  "r497": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/740/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r498": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482525/740-10-45-4"
  },
  "r499": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482525/740-10-45-6"
  },
  "r500": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "10",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-10"
  },
  "r501": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "12",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12"
  },
  "r502": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "12B",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12B"
  },
  "r503": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "12C",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-12C"
  },
  "r504": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "14",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-14"
  },
  "r505": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "17",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-17"
  },
  "r506": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "21",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482685/740-10-50-21"
  },
  "r507": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482615/740-10-65-8"
  },
  "r508": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482615/740-10-65-8"
  },
  "r509": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SAB Topic 6.I.5.Q1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r510": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SAB Topic 6.I.7)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r511": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SAB Topic 11.C)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479360/740-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r512": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "270",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477891/740-270-50-1"
  },
  "r513": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482603/740-30-50-2"
  },
  "r514": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "25",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478758/740-323-25-1"
  },
  "r515": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2"
  },
  "r516": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2"
  },
  "r517": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2"
  },
  "r518": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2"
  },
  "r519": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2"
  },
  "r520": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2"
  },
  "r521": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)(4)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478666/740-323-65-2"
  },
  "r522": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "805",
   "SubTopic": "60",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1"
  },
  "r523": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "805",
   "SubTopic": "60",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147476176/805-60-65-1"
  },
  "r524": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "808",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479402/808-10-50-1"
  },
  "r525": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "19",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-19"
  },
  "r526": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "25",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-25"
  },
  "r527": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "25",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481231/810-10-45-25"
  },
  "r528": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-1A"
  },
  "r529": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-1A"
  },
  "r530": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(bb)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3"
  },
  "r531": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481203/810-10-50-3"
  },
  "r532": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6"
  },
  "r533": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6"
  },
  "r534": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)(1)(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6"
  },
  "r535": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)(1)(iii)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6"
  },
  "r536": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)(1)(iv)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6"
  },
  "r537": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(i)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6"
  },
  "r538": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(i)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480528/815-20-65-6"
  },
  "r539": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480237/815-40-50-5"
  },
  "r540": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480237/815-40-50-6"
  },
  "r541": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1"
  },
  "r542": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1"
  },
  "r543": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1"
  },
  "r544": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(4)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1"
  },
  "r545": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1"
  },
  "r546": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "35",
   "Paragraph": "54B",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482134/820-10-35-54B"
  },
  "r547": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r548": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r549": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(bbb)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r550": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(bbb)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r551": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(bbb)(2)(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r552": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r553": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r554": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r555": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r556": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r557": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r558": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r559": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r560": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2E",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E"
  },
  "r561": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3"
  },
  "r562": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-3"
  },
  "r563": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6A",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A"
  },
  "r564": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6A",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A"
  },
  "r565": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6A",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A"
  },
  "r566": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6A",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A"
  },
  "r567": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6A",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A"
  },
  "r568": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6B",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6B"
  },
  "r569": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6B",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6B"
  },
  "r570": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6B",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6B"
  },
  "r571": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482477/820-10-65-13"
  },
  "r572": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "825",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482736/825-10-45-1A"
  },
  "r573": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "825",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "28",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28"
  },
  "r574": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "9",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481839/830-10-45-9"
  },
  "r575": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "35",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482014/830-20-35-3"
  },
  "r576": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "230",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477401/830-230-45-1"
  },
  "r577": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "12",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-12"
  },
  "r578": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "17",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-17"
  },
  "r579": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "20",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20"
  },
  "r580": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "20",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20"
  },
  "r581": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "20",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20"
  },
  "r582": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "20",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20"
  },
  "r583": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "20",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20"
  },
  "r584": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481674/830-30-50-1"
  },
  "r585": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "835",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482925/835-30-45-2"
  },
  "r586": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479832/842-10-65-5"
  },
  "r587": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479832/842-10-65-8"
  },
  "r588": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479832/842-10-65-8"
  },
  "r589": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/842-20/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r590": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "35",
   "Paragraph": "12A",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479165/842-20-35-12A"
  },
  "r591": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1"
  },
  "r592": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-1"
  },
  "r593": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-2"
  },
  "r594": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479041/842-20-45-5"
  },
  "r595": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4"
  },
  "r596": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4"
  },
  "r597": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4"
  },
  "r598": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4"
  },
  "r599": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4"
  },
  "r600": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4"
  },
  "r601": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)(4)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4"
  },
  "r602": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6"
  },
  "r603": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7A",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-7A"
  },
  "r604": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "848",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483550/848-10-65-1"
  },
  "r605": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "848",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(3)(iii)(01)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483550/848-10-65-2"
  },
  "r606": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "848",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(3)(iii)(03)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483550/848-10-65-2"
  },
  "r607": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "848",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483550/848-10-65-2"
  },
  "r608": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "848",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483550/848-10-65-2"
  },
  "r609": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "850",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1"
  },
  "r610": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "850",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1"
  },
  "r611": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "852",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "14",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481435/852-10-45-14"
  },
  "r612": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(2)(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-3"
  },
  "r613": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(2)(ii)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-3"
  },
  "r614": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-3"
  },
  "r615": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(bb)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-3"
  },
  "r616": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(bb)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-3"
  },
  "r617": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(bb)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-3"
  },
  "r618": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-3"
  },
  "r619": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-3"
  },
  "r620": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-3"
  },
  "r621": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-4"
  },
  "r622": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-4"
  },
  "r623": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-4"
  },
  "r624": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-4"
  },
  "r625": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481444/860-30-45-1"
  },
  "r626": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481420/860-30-50-7"
  },
  "r627": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481420/860-30-50-7"
  },
  "r628": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-3"
  },
  "r629": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-3"
  },
  "r630": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-3"
  },
  "r631": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(4)(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-3"
  },
  "r632": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-4"
  },
  "r633": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-4"
  },
  "r634": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-4"
  },
  "r635": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(4)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-4"
  },
  "r636": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(5)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-4"
  },
  "r637": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(6)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-4"
  },
  "r638": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(7)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-4"
  },
  "r639": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-4"
  },
  "r640": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-4"
  },
  "r641": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-4"
  },
  "r642": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "50",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481229/860-50-50-4"
  },
  "r643": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "910",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482546/910-10-50-6"
  },
  "r644": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "912",
   "SubTopic": "310",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "11",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478345/912-310-45-11"
  },
  "r645": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "924",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SAB Topic 11.L)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479941/924-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r646": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "926",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483194/926-20-65-2"
  },
  "r647": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "926",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483194/926-20-65-2"
  },
  "r648": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "926",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483194/926-20-65-2"
  },
  "r649": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478934/932-220-50-1"
  },
  "r650": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "18",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-18"
  },
  "r651": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "18",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-18"
  },
  "r652": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "18",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-18"
  },
  "r653": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "19",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-19"
  },
  "r654": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "23",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-23"
  },
  "r655": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "23",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-23"
  },
  "r656": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "23",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-23"
  },
  "r657": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "23",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-23"
  },
  "r658": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "23",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-23"
  },
  "r659": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "23",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-23"
  },
  "r660": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "31",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-31"
  },
  "r661": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "31",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-31"
  },
  "r662": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "31",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-31"
  },
  "r663": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "31",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-31"
  },
  "r664": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "31",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-31"
  },
  "r665": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "31",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-31"
  },
  "r666": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-5"
  },
  "r667": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-5"
  },
  "r668": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-5"
  },
  "r669": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-5"
  },
  "r670": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-5"
  },
  "r671": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-5"
  },
  "r672": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-6"
  },
  "r673": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-7"
  },
  "r674": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-8"
  },
  "r675": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-8"
  },
  "r676": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-8"
  },
  "r677": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "280",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478657/932-280-50-1"
  },
  "r678": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478988/932-323-50-1"
  },
  "r679": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "940",
   "SubTopic": "820",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1"
  },
  "r680": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-03(10)(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r681": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-03(6))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478546/942-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r682": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-04(10))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r683": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-04(23))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r684": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-04(24))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r685": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-04(25))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r686": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-04(26))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r687": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-04(27))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478524/942-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r688": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.9-05(b)(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477314/942-235-S99-1"
  },
  "r689": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3A",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477268/942-320-50-3A"
  },
  "r690": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3A",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477268/942-320-50-3A"
  },
  "r691": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3A",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477268/942-320-50-3A"
  },
  "r692": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3A",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477268/942-320-50-3A"
  },
  "r693": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "360",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478451/942-360-50-1"
  },
  "r694": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r695": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(12))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r696": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(17))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r697": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(19))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r698": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r699": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(21))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r700": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(22))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r701": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(3))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r702": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(23)(a)(4))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r703": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(24))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r704": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(25))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r705": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(3))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r706": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(8))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r707": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(10))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r708": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(11))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r709": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(16))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r710": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(17))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r711": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(18))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r712": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(19))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r713": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(2)(a))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r714": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(20))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r715": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(21))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r716": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(22))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r717": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(23))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r718": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(3)(d)(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r719": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(3)(d))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r720": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(4))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r721": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-04(9))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477250/944-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r722": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-16(Column A))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-1"
  },
  "r723": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-16(Column B))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-1"
  },
  "r724": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-16(Column C))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-1"
  },
  "r725": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-16(Column D))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-1"
  },
  "r726": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-16(Column E))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-1"
  },
  "r727": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-16(Column F))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-1"
  },
  "r728": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-16(Column G))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-1"
  },
  "r729": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-16(Column H))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-1"
  },
  "r730": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-16(Column I))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-1"
  },
  "r731": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-16(Column J))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-1"
  },
  "r732": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-16(Column K))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-1"
  },
  "r733": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-17(Column A))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-2"
  },
  "r734": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-17(Column B))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-2"
  },
  "r735": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-17(Column C))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-2"
  },
  "r736": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-17(Column D))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-2"
  },
  "r737": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-17(Column E))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-2"
  },
  "r738": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-17(Column F))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477965/944-235-S99-2"
  },
  "r739": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4E",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-4E"
  },
  "r740": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-5"
  },
  "r741": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-5"
  },
  "r742": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7A",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-7A"
  },
  "r743": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "9",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(4)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-9"
  },
  "r744": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2"
  },
  "r745": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2"
  },
  "r746": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2"
  },
  "r747": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2"
  },
  "r748": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)(2)(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2"
  },
  "r749": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)(2)(ii)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2"
  },
  "r750": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)(2)(iii)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2"
  },
  "r751": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)(2)(iv)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2"
  },
  "r752": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2"
  },
  "r753": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480016/944-40-65-2"
  },
  "r754": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SAB Topic 5.W.Q2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479583/944-40-S99-1"
  },
  "r755": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480424/946-10-50-3"
  },
  "r756": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-03(d))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3"
  },
  "r757": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-03(i)(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3"
  },
  "r758": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-03(i)(2)(i))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3"
  },
  "r759": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-03(i)(2)(ii))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3"
  },
  "r760": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-03(i)(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479886/946-10-S99-3"
  },
  "r761": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "11",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-11"
  },
  "r762": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480990/946-20-50-13"
  },
  "r763": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478009/946-205-45-3"
  },
  "r764": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478009/946-205-45-3"
  },
  "r765": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478009/946-205-45-4"
  },
  "r766": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478494/946-205-50-2"
  },
  "r767": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "27",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478494/946-205-50-27"
  },
  "r768": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478494/946-205-50-7"
  },
  "r769": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478494/946-205-50-7"
  },
  "r770": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478494/946-205-50-7"
  },
  "r771": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478494/946-205-50-7"
  },
  "r772": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478494/946-205-50-7"
  },
  "r773": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478494/946-205-50-7"
  },
  "r774": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478494/946-205-50-7"
  },
  "r775": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478494/946-205-50-7"
  },
  "r776": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477796/946-210-45-4"
  },
  "r777": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-1"
  },
  "r778": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-1"
  },
  "r779": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-1"
  },
  "r780": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-1"
  },
  "r781": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-1"
  },
  "r782": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-2"
  },
  "r783": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-6"
  },
  "r784": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-6"
  },
  "r785": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-6"
  },
  "r786": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-6"
  },
  "r787": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-6"
  },
  "r788": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r789": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(12)(b)(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r790": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(12)(b)(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r791": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(12)(b)(3))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r792": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(13)(a)(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r793": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(13)(a)(3))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r794": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(14))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r795": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(15))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r796": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(16)(a))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r797": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(17))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r798": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(19))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r799": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(2)(a))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r800": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(2)(b))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r801": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(3)(a))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r802": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(3)(b))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r803": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(3)(c))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r804": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(6)(b))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r805": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(6)(c))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r806": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(6)(d))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r807": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(6)(e))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r808": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(8))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r809": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(9)(b))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r810": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(9)(c))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r811": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(9)(d))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r812": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(9)(e))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r813": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-05(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-2"
  },
  "r814": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-05(4))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-2"
  },
  "r815": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479105/946-220-45-3"
  },
  "r816": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479105/946-220-45-6"
  },
  "r817": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479105/946-220-45-7"
  },
  "r818": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478297/946-220-50-3"
  },
  "r819": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(1)(c))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r820": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r821": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(2)(a))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r822": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(2)(d))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r823": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(2)(g)(3))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r824": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(7)(a)(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r825": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(7)(a)(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r826": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(7)(a)(3))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r827": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(7)(a)(5))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r828": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(7)(a)(6))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r829": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(7)(a)(7))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r830": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(7)(c)(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r831": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(7)(c)(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r832": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(7)(c)(3))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r833": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(7)(c)(5))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r834": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(7)(c)(6))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r835": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(7)(c)(7))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r836": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(9))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r837": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-09(1)(d))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3"
  },
  "r838": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-09(4)(b))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3"
  },
  "r839": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-09(6))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3"
  },
  "r840": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-09(7))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3"
  },
  "r841": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2"
  },
  "r842": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477968/946-235-50-2"
  },
  "r843": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "310",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477802/946-310-45-1"
  },
  "r844": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12(Column A)(Footnote 1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-1"
  },
  "r845": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12(Column A)(Footnote 2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-1"
  },
  "r846": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12(Column B))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-1"
  },
  "r847": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12(Column C)(Footnote 5))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-1"
  },
  "r848": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12A(Column A)(Footnote 2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-2"
  },
  "r849": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12A(Column C)(Footnote 4))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-2"
  },
  "r850": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12B(Column A)(Footnote 4)(a))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-3"
  },
  "r851": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12B(Column A)(Footnote 4)(b))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-3"
  },
  "r852": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12B(Column A)(Footnote 7))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-3"
  },
  "r853": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12B(Column B))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-3"
  },
  "r854": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12B(Column C)(Footnote 2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-3"
  },
  "r855": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "5D",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-13D(Column A)(Footnote 2)(i))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-5D"
  },
  "r856": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-14(Column A)(Footnote 2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-6"
  },
  "r857": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-14(Column B))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-6"
  },
  "r858": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-14(Column E)(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-6"
  },
  "r859": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-14(Column E)(Footnote 4))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-6"
  },
  "r860": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-14(Column E)(Footnote 6)(b))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-6"
  },
  "r861": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-14(Column F)(Footnote 7))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-6"
  },
  "r862": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-15(Column A))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-7"
  },
  "r863": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-15(Column B))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-7"
  },
  "r864": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-15(Column C))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-7"
  },
  "r865": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-15(Column D))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-7"
  },
  "r866": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "505",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-1"
  },
  "r867": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "505",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-2"
  },
  "r868": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "505",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-2"
  },
  "r869": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "505",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-2"
  },
  "r870": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "505",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-2"
  },
  "r871": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "505",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-3"
  },
  "r872": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "505",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478448/946-505-50-6"
  },
  "r873": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "948",
   "SubTopic": "310",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-29(Column A)(Footnote 4))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479628/948-310-S99-1"
  },
  "r874": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "954",
   "SubTopic": "440",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478522/954-440-50-1"
  },
  "r875": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "970",
   "SubTopic": "360",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-28(Column A)(Footnote 2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478979/970-360-S99-1"
  },
  "r876": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "970",
   "SubTopic": "360",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-28(Column B))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478979/970-360-S99-1"
  },
  "r877": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "970",
   "SubTopic": "360",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-28(Column C))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478979/970-360-S99-1"
  },
  "r878": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "970",
   "SubTopic": "360",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-28(Column D))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478979/970-360-S99-1"
  },
  "r879": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "970",
   "SubTopic": "360",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-28(Column E)(Footnote 4))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478979/970-360-S99-1"
  },
  "r880": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "970",
   "SubTopic": "360",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-28(Column E))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478979/970-360-S99-1"
  },
  "r881": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "970",
   "SubTopic": "360",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-28(Column F))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478979/970-360-S99-1"
  },
  "r882": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "970",
   "SubTopic": "360",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-28(Column G))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478979/970-360-S99-1"
  },
  "r883": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "970",
   "SubTopic": "360",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-28(Column H))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478979/970-360-S99-1"
  },
  "r884": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "970",
   "SubTopic": "360",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-28(Column I))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478979/970-360-S99-1"
  },
  "r885": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "976",
   "SubTopic": "310",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477332/976-310-50-1"
  },
  "r886": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "978",
   "SubTopic": "310",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479230/978-310-50-1"
  },
  "r887": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef",
   "Topic": "985",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481283/985-20-50-2"
  },
  "r888": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "13H",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Topic": "944",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480046/944-40-55-13H"
  },
  "r889": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "13H",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Topic": "944",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480046/944-40-55-13H"
  },
  "r890": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-1"
  },
  "r891": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-1"
  },
  "r892": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483467/210-10-45-1"
  },
  "r893": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "52",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482635/260-10-55-52"
  },
  "r894": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "30",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30"
  },
  "r895": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "31",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-31"
  },
  "r896": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "47",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-47"
  },
  "r897": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "47",
   "Subparagraph": "(bb)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-47"
  },
  "r898": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "47",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-47"
  },
  "r899": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "47",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-47"
  },
  "r900": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "48",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-48"
  },
  "r901": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "49",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-49"
  },
  "r902": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "54",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-54"
  },
  "r903": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "54",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-54"
  },
  "r904": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "54",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482785/280-10-55-54"
  },
  "r905": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "310",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "12A",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481933/310-10-55-12A"
  },
  "r906": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479081/326-30-55-8"
  },
  "r907": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "24",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482548/350-20-55-24"
  },
  "r908": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "460",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "27",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482395/460-10-55-27"
  },
  "r909": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B"
  },
  "r910": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "69B",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69B"
  },
  "r911": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "69C",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481568/470-20-55-69C"
  },
  "r912": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481112/505-10-50-13"
  },
  "r913": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "91",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91"
  },
  "r914": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "91",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91"
  },
  "r915": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "91",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91"
  },
  "r916": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "91",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91"
  },
  "r917": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "91",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91"
  },
  "r918": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "91",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91"
  },
  "r919": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "91",
   "Subparagraph": "(g)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479777/606-10-55-91"
  },
  "r920": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(ii)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1"
  },
  "r921": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(iv)(01)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1"
  },
  "r922": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "17",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480482/715-20-55-17"
  },
  "r923": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "80",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480547/715-80-55-8"
  },
  "r924": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "231",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482663/740-10-55-231"
  },
  "r925": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "4J",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4J"
  },
  "r926": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "810",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "4K",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481175/810-10-55-4K"
  },
  "r927": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "100",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100"
  },
  "r928": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "100",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100"
  },
  "r929": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "101",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-101"
  },
  "r930": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "102",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-102"
  },
  "r931": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "103",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-103"
  },
  "r932": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "107",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107"
  },
  "r933": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "107",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107"
  },
  "r934": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "107",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107"
  },
  "r935": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "107",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107"
  },
  "r936": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "107",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107"
  },
  "r937": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "107",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107"
  },
  "r938": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "53",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479589/842-20-55-53"
  },
  "r939": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "852",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "10",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481372/852-10-55-10"
  },
  "r940": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481395/860-30-55-4"
  },
  "r941": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "17",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-17"
  },
  "r942": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "21",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-21"
  },
  "r943": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "29",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-29"
  },
  "r944": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477215/932-235-50-3"
  },
  "r945": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477916/932-235-55-2"
  },
  "r946": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477916/932-235-55-4"
  },
  "r947": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477916/932-235-55-5"
  },
  "r948": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "932",
   "SubTopic": "235",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477916/932-235-55-6"
  },
  "r949": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479401/944-30-55-2"
  },
  "r950": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "29F",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480046/944-40-55-29F"
  },
  "r951": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "9C",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480046/944-40-55-9C"
  },
  "r952": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "9C",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480046/944-40-55-9C"
  },
  "r953": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "9C",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480046/944-40-55-9C"
  },
  "r954": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "9E",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480046/944-40-55-9E"
  },
  "r955": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "80",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "18",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480078/944-80-55-18"
  },
  "r956": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-1"
  },
  "r957": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478795/946-210-50-6"
  },
  "r958": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477439/946-210-55-1"
  },
  "r959": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "310",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477802/946-310-45-1"
  },
  "r960": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12(Column A)(Footnote 2)(i))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-1"
  },
  "r961": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12A(Column A)(Footnote 2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-2"
  },
  "r962": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12B(Column A)(Footnote 1)(a))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-3"
  },
  "r963": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-14(Column A)(Footnote 2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-6"
  },
  "r964": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "830",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "10",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-10"
  },
  "r965": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "830",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "11",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-11"
  },
  "r966": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "830",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "55",
   "Paragraph": "12",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479168/946-830-55-12"
  },
  "r967": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12"
  },
  "r968": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b"
  },
  "r969": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b-2"
  },
  "r970": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "b-23"
  },
  "r971": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "d1-1"
  },
  "r972": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "g"
  },
  "r973": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "12, 13, 15d"
  },
  "r974": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "13e",
   "Subsection": "4c"
  },
  "r975": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "14a",
   "Subsection": "12"
  },
  "r976": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "14d",
   "Subsection": "2b"
  },
  "r977": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Exchange Act",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "15",
   "Subsection": "d"
  },
  "r978": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 10-K",
   "Number": "249",
   "Section": "310"
  },
  "r979": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 10-Q",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "308",
   "Subsection": "a"
  },
  "r980": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Number": "249",
   "Section": "220",
   "Subsection": "f"
  },
  "r981": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Section": "16",
   "Subsection": "J",
   "Paragraph": "a"
  },
  "r982": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Section": "6",
   "Subsection": "F",
   "Paragraph": "1"
  },
  "r983": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Section": "6",
   "Subsection": "F",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "i"
  },
  "r984": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Section": "6",
   "Subsection": "F",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "i",
   "Sentence": "A"
  },
  "r985": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Section": "6",
   "Subsection": "F",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "i",
   "Sentence": "B"
  },
  "r986": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Section": "6",
   "Subsection": "F",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "i",
   "Sentence": "C"
  },
  "r987": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Section": "6",
   "Subsection": "F",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "i",
   "Sentence": "D"
  },
  "r988": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Section": "6",
   "Subsection": "F",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "i",
   "Sentence": "E"
  },
  "r989": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Section": "6",
   "Subsection": "F",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "ii"
  },
  "r990": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Section": "6",
   "Subsection": "F",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "iii"
  },
  "r991": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 20-F",
   "Section": "6",
   "Subsection": "F",
   "Paragraph": "2"
  },
  "r992": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Number": "249",
   "Section": "240",
   "Subsection": "f"
  },
  "r993": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Section": "19",
   "Paragraph": "a"
  },
  "r994": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Section": "19",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "1"
  },
  "r995": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Section": "19",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "1",
   "Sentence": "i"
  },
  "r996": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Section": "19",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "1",
   "Sentence": "ii"
  },
  "r997": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Section": "19",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "1",
   "Sentence": "iii"
  },
  "r998": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Section": "19",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "1",
   "Sentence": "iv"
  },
  "r999": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Section": "19",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "1",
   "Sentence": "v"
  },
  "r1000": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Section": "19",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "2"
  },
  "r1001": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Section": "19",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "3"
  },
  "r1002": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form 40-F",
   "Section": "19",
   "Paragraph": "b"
  },
  "r1003": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form N-CSR",
   "Section": "18",
   "Paragraph": "a"
  },
  "r1004": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form N-CSR",
   "Section": "18",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "1"
  },
  "r1005": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form N-CSR",
   "Section": "18",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "1",
   "Sentence": "i"
  },
  "r1006": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form N-CSR",
   "Section": "18",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "1",
   "Sentence": "ii"
  },
  "r1007": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form N-CSR",
   "Section": "18",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "1",
   "Sentence": "iii"
  },
  "r1008": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form N-CSR",
   "Section": "18",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "1",
   "Sentence": "iv"
  },
  "r1009": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form N-CSR",
   "Section": "18",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "1",
   "Sentence": "v"
  },
  "r1010": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form N-CSR",
   "Section": "18",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "2"
  },
  "r1011": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form N-CSR",
   "Section": "18",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "3"
  },
  "r1012": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Form N-CSR",
   "Section": "18",
   "Paragraph": "b"
  },
  "r1013": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 20-F",
   "Number": "240",
   "Section": "13",
   "Subsection": "a-1"
  },
  "r1014": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v"
  },
  "r1015": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v",
   "Paragraph": "1"
  },
  "r1016": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "ii"
  },
  "r1017": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "iii"
  },
  "r1018": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "iv"
  },
  "r1019": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "vi"
  },
  "r1020": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v",
   "Paragraph": "3"
  },
  "r1021": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v",
   "Paragraph": "4"
  },
  "r1022": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "i"
  },
  "r1023": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "ii"
  },
  "r1024": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "iii"
  },
  "r1025": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "iv"
  },
  "r1026": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v",
   "Paragraph": "6"
  },
  "r1027": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "v",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "i"
  },
  "r1028": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "w",
   "Paragraph": "1"
  },
  "r1029": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "w",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "i"
  },
  "r1030": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "w",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "i",
   "Sentence": "A"
  },
  "r1031": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "w",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "i",
   "Sentence": "B"
  },
  "r1032": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "w",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "i",
   "Sentence": "C"
  },
  "r1033": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "w",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "i",
   "Sentence": "D"
  },
  "r1034": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "w",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "i",
   "Sentence": "E"
  },
  "r1035": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "w",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "ii"
  },
  "r1036": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "w",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "iii"
  },
  "r1037": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "w",
   "Paragraph": "2"
  },
  "r1038": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "x",
   "Paragraph": "1"
  },
  "r1039": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "x",
   "Paragraph": "2"
  },
  "r1040": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "x",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "ii",
   "Sentence": "A"
  },
  "r1041": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "x",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "ii",
   "Sentence": "C"
  },
  "r1042": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "x",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "ii",
   "Sentence": "D"
  },
  "r1043": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "x",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "ii",
   "Sentence": "E"
  },
  "r1044": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "402",
   "Subsection": "x",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "ii",
   "Sentence": "F"
  },
  "r1045": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "408",
   "Subsection": "a"
  },
  "r1046": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "408",
   "Subsection": "a",
   "Paragraph": "1"
  },
  "r1047": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "408",
   "Subsection": "a",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "A"
  },
  "r1048": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "408",
   "Subsection": "a",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "B"
  },
  "r1049": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "408",
   "Subsection": "a",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "C"
  },
  "r1050": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "408",
   "Subsection": "b",
   "Paragraph": "1"
  },
  "r1051": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Regulation S-T",
   "Number": "232",
   "Section": "405"
  },
  "r1052": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "405"
  },
  "r1053": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "230",
   "Section": "425"
  },
  "r1054": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef",
   "Publisher": "SEC",
   "Name": "Securities Act",
   "Number": "7A",
   "Section": "B",
   "Subsection": "2"
  },
  "r1055": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "28",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28"
  },
  "r1056": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef",
   "Topic": "272",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483014/272-10-45-3"
  },
  "r1057": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478156/740-323-50-2"
  },
  "r1058": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478156/740-323-50-2"
  },
  "r1059": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/recommendedDisclosureRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478156/740-323-50-2"
  },
  "r1060": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(1)",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "606",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-13"
  },
  "r1061": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "250",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-3"
  },
  "r1062": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "250",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-7"
  },
  "r1063": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "250",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-7"
  },
  "r1064": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "250",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-8"
  },
  "r1065": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-03(6))",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Topic": "220",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483621/220-10-S99-2"
  },
  "r1066": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Topic": "610",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/610/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r1067": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K (SK)",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "1402",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r1068": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K (SK)",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "1402",
   "Paragraph": "b",
   "Subparagraph": "(1)",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r1069": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K (SK)",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "1402",
   "Paragraph": "b",
   "Subparagraph": "(2)",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r1070": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K (SK)",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "1402",
   "Paragraph": "b",
   "Subparagraph": "(3)",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r1071": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K (SK)",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "1402",
   "Paragraph": "c",
   "Subparagraph": "(2)(i)",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r1072": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K (SK)",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "1402",
   "Paragraph": "c",
   "Subparagraph": "(2)(ii)",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r1073": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-K (SK)",
   "Number": "229",
   "Section": "1402",
   "Paragraph": "c",
   "Subparagraph": "(2)(iii)",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r1074": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "12",
   "Subsection": "04",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r1075": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "13",
   "Subsection": "01",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "(4)(i)",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r1076": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "13",
   "Subsection": "01",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "(4)(iv)",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r1077": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Regulation S-X (SX)",
   "Number": "210",
   "Section": "13",
   "Subsection": "02",
   "Paragraph": "a",
   "Subparagraph": "(4)(iv)",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r1078": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Name": "Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB)",
   "Number": "Topic 5",
   "Section": "Y",
   "Paragraph": "Question 2",
   "Publisher": "SEC"
  },
  "r1079": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "205",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483504/205-10-50-1"
  },
  "r1080": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(1))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r1081": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "210",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.5-02(10))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480566/210-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r1082": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-4"
  },
  "r1083": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-5"
  },
  "r1084": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "220",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482765/220-10-50-6"
  },
  "r1085": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "28",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482740/230-10-45-28"
  },
  "r1086": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "230",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "8",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482913/230-10-50-8"
  },
  "r1087": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "235",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.4-08(d))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r1088": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "235",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.4-08(f))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r1089": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "235",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.4-08(g)(1)(ii))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-1"
  },
  "r1090": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "235",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-04(a))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480678/235-10-S99-3"
  },
  "r1091": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "23",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483421/250-10-45-23"
  },
  "r1092": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "24",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483421/250-10-45-24"
  },
  "r1093": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483421/250-10-45-5"
  },
  "r1094": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "12",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-12"
  },
  "r1095": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "250",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483443/250-10-50-6"
  },
  "r1096": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-22"
  },
  "r1097": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "23",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-23"
  },
  "r1098": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "28A",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-28A"
  },
  "r1099": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-3"
  },
  "r1100": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "55",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482689/260-10-45-55"
  },
  "r1101": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "260",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482662/260-10-50-1"
  },
  "r1102": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "270",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482964/270-10-50-1"
  },
  "r1103": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "15",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-15"
  },
  "r1104": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "18",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-18"
  },
  "r1105": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "22",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-22"
  },
  "r1106": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "30",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-30"
  },
  "r1107": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "32",
   "Subparagraph": "(ee)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32"
  },
  "r1108": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "32",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-32"
  },
  "r1109": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "280",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "34",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482810/280-10-50-34"
  },
  "r1110": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "310",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481990/310-10-45-13"
  },
  "r1111": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481830/320-10-45-1"
  },
  "r1112": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "11",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481830/320-10-45-11"
  },
  "r1113": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2"
  },
  "r1114": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(aa)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2"
  },
  "r1115": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(aaa)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2"
  },
  "r1116": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2"
  },
  "r1117": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2"
  },
  "r1118": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-2"
  },
  "r1119": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3"
  },
  "r1120": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3"
  },
  "r1121": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3"
  },
  "r1122": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3"
  },
  "r1123": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-3"
  },
  "r1124": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "320",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "9",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481800/320-10-50-9"
  },
  "r1125": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "321",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-3"
  },
  "r1126": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "321",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-3"
  },
  "r1127": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "321",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-3"
  },
  "r1128": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "321",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479536/321-10-50-4"
  },
  "r1129": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "323",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3"
  },
  "r1130": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "323",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481687/323-10-50-3"
  },
  "r1131": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-4"
  },
  "r1132": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(4)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479654/326-10-65-4"
  },
  "r1133": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "13",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479319/326-20-50-13"
  },
  "r1134": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "326",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479106/326-30-50-4"
  },
  "r1135": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "340",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479483/340-40-50-3"
  },
  "r1136": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1"
  },
  "r1137": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "350",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(h)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482573/350-20-50-1"
  },
  "r1138": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "405",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/405-30/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r1139": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "410",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "10",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481931/410-30-50-10"
  },
  "r1140": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "450",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/450/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r1141": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "450",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483076/450-20-50-1"
  },
  "r1142": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "450",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483076/450-20-50-4"
  },
  "r1143": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "450",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "9",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483076/450-20-50-9"
  },
  "r1144": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "450",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SAB Topic 5.Y.Q2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480102/450-20-S99-1"
  },
  "r1145": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6"
  },
  "r1146": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481544/470-10-50-6"
  },
  "r1147": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(i))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A"
  },
  "r1148": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(ii))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A"
  },
  "r1149": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iii))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A"
  },
  "r1150": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-01(a)(4)(iv))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1A"
  },
  "r1151": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.13-02(a)(4)(iv))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480097/470-10-S99-1B"
  },
  "r1152": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "470",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1B",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481139/470-20-50-1B"
  },
  "r1153": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "505",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481520/505-30-50-4"
  },
  "r1154": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "10",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-10"
  },
  "r1155": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "606",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479806/606-10-50-5"
  },
  "r1156": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "715",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)(ii)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480506/715-20-50-1"
  },
  "r1157": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "720",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/720/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r1158": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478156/740-323-50-1A"
  },
  "r1159": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478156/740-323-50-1A"
  },
  "r1160": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478156/740-323-50-1A"
  },
  "r1161": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "740",
   "SubTopic": "323",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1A",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478156/740-323-50-1A"
  },
  "r1162": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(e)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1"
  },
  "r1163": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "815",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480175/815-40-65-1"
  },
  "r1164": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "35",
   "Paragraph": "54B",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482134/820-10-35-54B"
  },
  "r1165": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r1166": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r1167": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(bbb)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r1168": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(bbb)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r1169": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(bbb)(2)(i)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2"
  },
  "r1170": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2E",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E"
  },
  "r1171": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "820",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6A",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A"
  },
  "r1172": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "825",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "28",
   "Subparagraph": "(f)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482907/825-10-50-28"
  },
  "r1173": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481956/830-20-45-1"
  },
  "r1174": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481926/830-20-50-1"
  },
  "r1175": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "20",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481694/830-30-45-20"
  },
  "r1176": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "830",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481674/830-30-50-1"
  },
  "r1177": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-3"
  },
  "r1178": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-4"
  },
  "r1179": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "842",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478964/842-20-50-6"
  },
  "r1180": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "848",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(3)(iii)(01)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483550/848-10-65-2"
  },
  "r1181": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "848",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "65",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(3)(iii)(03)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483550/848-10-65-2"
  },
  "r1182": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "850",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1"
  },
  "r1183": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "850",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-1"
  },
  "r1184": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "850",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-2"
  },
  "r1185": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "850",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147483326/850-10-50-3"
  },
  "r1186": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "852",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7"
  },
  "r1187": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "852",
   "SubTopic": "10",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481404/852-10-50-7"
  },
  "r1188": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-3"
  },
  "r1189": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-3"
  },
  "r1190": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-3"
  },
  "r1191": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-4"
  },
  "r1192": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-4"
  },
  "r1193": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "860",
   "SubTopic": "20",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147481326/860-20-50-4"
  },
  "r1194": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "912",
   "SubTopic": "730",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "25",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479532/912-730-25-1"
  },
  "r1195": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "940",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/940-320/tableOfContent"
  },
  "r1196": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "942",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477268/942-320-50-2"
  },
  "r1197": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(16)(a)(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r1198": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.7-03(a)(2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478777/944-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r1199": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "30",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2B",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479432/944-30-50-2B"
  },
  "r1200": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "310",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477363/944-310-50-3"
  },
  "r1201": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4B",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-4B"
  },
  "r1202": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4B",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-4B"
  },
  "r1203": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4C",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-4C"
  },
  "r1204": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4D",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-4D"
  },
  "r1205": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "4G",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-4G"
  },
  "r1206": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-5"
  },
  "r1207": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-5"
  },
  "r1208": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-5"
  },
  "r1209": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "5",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-5"
  },
  "r1210": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-6"
  },
  "r1211": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-6"
  },
  "r1212": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-6"
  },
  "r1213": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-6"
  },
  "r1214": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(4)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-6"
  },
  "r1215": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(5)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-6"
  },
  "r1216": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(6)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-6"
  },
  "r1217": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-6"
  },
  "r1218": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7A",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-7A"
  },
  "r1219": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7A",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(1)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-7A"
  },
  "r1220": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7A",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(2)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-7A"
  },
  "r1221": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7A",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)(3)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-7A"
  },
  "r1222": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7A",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-7A"
  },
  "r1223": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7A",
   "Subparagraph": "(d)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-7A"
  },
  "r1224": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7B",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-7B"
  },
  "r1225": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7B",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-7B"
  },
  "r1226": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "40",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "7B",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480081/944-40-50-7B"
  },
  "r1227": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "80",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(b)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480109/944-80-50-2"
  },
  "r1228": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "944",
   "SubTopic": "80",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "50",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(c)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147480109/944-80-50-2"
  },
  "r1229": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "205",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "45",
   "Paragraph": "4",
   "Subparagraph": "(a)",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478009/946-205-45-4"
  },
  "r1230": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "210",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-04(18))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479170/946-210-S99-1"
  },
  "r1231": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-07(7)(a))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-1"
  },
  "r1232": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-09(4)(b))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3"
  },
  "r1233": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "220",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.6-09(7))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147479134/946-220-S99-3"
  },
  "r1234": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "1",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12(Column A)(Footnote 2)(ii))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-1"
  },
  "r1235": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "2",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12A(Column A)(Footnote 2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-2"
  },
  "r1236": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "3",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-12B(Column A)(Footnote 1)(b))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-3"
  },
  "r1237": {
   "role": "http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/commonPracticeRef",
   "Topic": "946",
   "SubTopic": "320",
   "Name": "Accounting Standards Codification",
   "Section": "S99",
   "Paragraph": "6",
   "Subparagraph": "(SX 210.12-14(Column A)(Footnote 2))",
   "Publisher": "FASB",
   "URI": "https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147477271/946-320-S99-6"
  }
 }
}
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>ZIP
<SEQUENCE>110
<FILENAME>0001493152-24-049468-xbrl.zip
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
begin 644 0001493152-24-049468-xbrl.zip
M4$L#!!0    ( 'F!BEE@U!4R20@  -LR   *    97@S,2TQ+FAT;>U;;6_B
MQA;^CL1_F!NI55:"0))-*R4T$B].0T5#"DZU^W&PQV'NVA[68\/27W^?,V/
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ML3L_IX:ON7HG?D5K=E10OKJPPV(ZY<?9L\LS/Y9,WRN\K7O?L*=L[9":>:^
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M$?Q(J]^&/S7[C@F=S7SN[/R.^[5=M^]5L0L!8@NY1(M=#! ;N78[$YN-+7:
MSUS*%9(KMFE871B\*"-[%#"74 G@HO0WP#0!F+7MOD&[H1U@C%!]-^H9+UEQ
M4.#;:[S,K0S]XOMO%+&GJ*AMO=/"OVU!?Q<%&:T^7$&@81488NBFXAC60J$J
M#)IO%!/*NNXVGO]@&G6?#D/EZ?/C&'U5N143)U6YH)CN"9(RRD)<ZD9;5$$-
M]*PVD&P#/]63+K@R=--\T P@JLHKD%&"XP) Z(.5].X23MVEX:%]I3\!0T/:
MM\=P!8#?E>LHJ3$V8&!K+K[9'])E K5;$16^@O-]D\)X I!4F&/C[^[<Z-H
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M6CH;NT!N:,M1V(%'.M;1S/TI2V1D<_'/-\9SGQ:#O9TMQM$[O$3U,C8K1F0
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M8L](I"F&A*08#@D"FB)(4MG$OAF AOC)#O$/"0X:HB>C;&+/PTY#[$2$V >
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MT\C:%-84UD?(UM"25ZK><_LWG2RBE^Q P9Q&CJ9@IF!> ^9T,;-/FN[D@'S
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M7%;N8&5R*2FYI)@XV=+)C27==-FBRU9*B&T:5] HE((X%(B7XM!0(%[ZSDY
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M%OHU.B7(R/"WV@!_=&P "> \)<<S^+RXR;R%SX.K,V/:T*\WASHZ5\ X5S'
M[XC6LNS/XJ*42$3GRU,=WF4849.9M_R[-TC''ESCX>][?Z &Z//XH_!+2(KI
M<W!W>RP$%E(T+:;,,K(X,=^O4%9M82^S:AL&_+)S5A01B"5:MNG/8$/A07V\
MN:]+$S+5#()/6:>_/&?GO]"M"+Z$QDQ;7C!-G9D==24R+^@,/^ ,1\B'H!\I
ME@6G";K[QC)T=/6-JDX8 )>:"8,NCC @EM &;4VT1 :?*UTB@/DSO-E#E/Y]
MDV/STY-"MM/?E&EG.\Q;9/GB)X87^/?33UA#Q80BBV-T8H@P';Q9I@-'8,P
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MP!];7,%?GB6!OT(ND\\7$X<_WZ6DYEE*[@%T*!7) G*D1<7X\YVMELM__TJ
MG /JMY(0---<9;Q^A%U(J(.TS23=$E?AEXL\3V"ZEO,9KIP+.UNIZWU\R/);
M" 02R&(SI7)H/^0 Y,][R+\&>M;\>/HT6%^F^+NR67]\N.D\7A3V%C<0M O2
MD3$]9_#IU(L\]7SQL@5UYPE,,+Z8X8N4NH\>/WX$72"!'R&3$TK)P(\O05]X
M"-KIY30WV>534UGFYXO19-!_X+3F-RDU+OBT1Y6B/<'%?$2=[9CSR@\F6]!R
MB<"TRF?8(I>,6471LS/T^)$RB?0=1 ^;9*>YOI QD0",-7HJ,)O "G":>^7+
MMJT;9M7BTN@T=PQ1!HPH25 JRV2,F<I.R80&+-1,4%15_1D77T( ,)(!9,5B
M5-TT 6Y$^-]Y/3.R8GDA]*BXW[W4C9IN]ZR^K5:F[YM;>&;=QK1$5)K7&'ZY
M>,F/\CV^J0[.&$NQD(Z5!8GDZ7/]%&&DJ?>Q87)L)6=XSBWD",R:0J8@!'K"
MC&@QTQ)(5+Z'*_=PJFME6"X)#8M3MW@K%HW!SQ\-\ 02/BP^9%8@X6$6,D*>
M7S<LJ*QR-B9TZ8J5"_+AXBUF(4=@N'-<)E\H)&/QHOC9'7[\Z()$+CK'9W@N
MGPS\^#H_9<_ZT 869'04L2V4)2V[/W+9XCK@H5\RQ5W&I#&4GRLR+4[*N%Z-
M 4Q@/ %?#P::0K)-*/:J)>Z=K_FZ*HWO"ONM,ARI+W]F:^)& 8*PVZAU/@:\
M/#SS%4DP'Y<ILT(0</'HA?9!ZML:UG$V?EQ+KS>M/U>Y(7<(P_I00I'$)@*7
M*06O*-2#(+D"!!#:%CX$B>P)G\_PN82L 11!NT20GQ=!(H/"\QFNE! OU->+
M8.<,7U/,GFV8V&9W!NC#I1^NZ\L^Q.CB6:PIBO&GE<8,BE='9CQ3DLZT"#,-
M+<S^F-G"X2&Q]YCG,VR.9KF/&SQ^3AV)M)# 9HI"DAG:F^2&5AJ+BEQ_&0/-
M! %1'G=3:8F/5^7A%SXU.X]3Q1C@:$;W'>.X/KXHV8*32;C.')\I),7QH?C9
M'7[\:)G(R8%B)I]/<CV(]^ /;K^]-O-V,2H_6QW5UG_G#N8V?V+(]H' 6F-!
MI(7SA(=NXC%]VC9=.78Y;[>18[?S>A6FX1>%$HG,))_+%/C0IS%\ +._4:-H
M30U:?9:@$HD=(#Z?*2<:K6$;DR3'S:?.6;*/.-/!2-!@;,P&K'B<'>AR6E.7
M$_J>KX5BOON:_S)\ZI@7PJ@39=-W6]>3)U[SIENBNM[#I)C=9EV-Z@"2*(W+
M"5RFR =N3E.R2SMP_'PQ$BG^',]G\GQ"MF)]B;FRD*;5QY!A)W>JJ%D534:E
MW&.4Y6X"W"*H,6?G=J?!EJZ++^+O02);!;FJ9)@Q4B:#ZT2 JP^NX:"3*E:N
M+1@J6Y!SD<1.2"E3SM$C?*<"(S^J)I'YAS J!!=:)X"IO8635[HN/RNJNL3*
MXURO:0S,!T-)2O-&5U Z2V+,$M>(X8FU3*(+#5_("$DY1T4A0Q0R/B1:)I(I
M+V3X4I*WO]CE[:^&9HG:0.FIP(D35EW=QS$WD/L7CW>&FDA7U[E$5YGI85+O
MED@.WP<96Q PB<+M/'1L0R?R*?^F&$%^?$SF3"=?2G+VP=L[[D;7!AU@C!KS
M-@Y+3'SUY=6^OKK^FK_<24:8=J1(ZFSR@<865$RBW+*88<L)"0XI>'8%'C\6
M)I&A*F3R7)*=8N^5$*TQ,$1+T08W0#3!/1J95O_!=%:P)3X>/1N=@I'719Y@
MNTZ2GK&K"WP05,;!65;O9VWX#[HE%]_)68>5+0B:1.&ED.%8>I;B9&"T2M4<
M2R+G)63X8D+V>7VINKC0;[,/# /(#4W21Z CO@1E,/[6K._2MY_MUFN4S;J]
M.LZN3M!U1DHQEOCB/7=-YUF,>1:,E]!<S;%$*A3+F3RMIC@1$/DQ-8GDF("Z
MO"79JZ[ZG[1HZIHT*WWSLG1O?*56OI6^O+ $.V_NY3 %/4#AIW<B2]+GZ-N"
M\TE40G%<IEP.G8JD9R@H8$,"UF]](9'Q@X#-YT*?!$W9,8I=E'I0YRK9=?ET
M,!(T&!N+$QSV0RZB<SK"\1%EJ?[EKZ!>E,'.>B3XGX18]1OY]_E8ZR(^(.&T
M==O&>XS[VHC+,7XM[C6K@KU<AK:E%/LHH=_"8R32 SZ?6]>1.!10#N<T4IPF
M#:=^CB*1;O-Y-L-&#VWV@E/J*U+WA Y&2@=CXYWN-XK84U1\VT9%D]N6+CT.
M=172LNG4(<VO>;_HOOZ^%763>QKG*\D\N?6Y=^[1)\,80 9@A+OY0W9%S&[H
MJHHV]15(\@8P+><6"?> ES7Y_*&W3+X4S8E!,QV,! V&+[5<^E/+] 3MG$Q8
M#M))A:WQ/)<;7=4>D[ZW/%6 4><Z?:303"HTZ6 D:# V'DAT;\NY$R<+5_HX
M[>1NJJ^-A^_=UX?&N)GKW/S)C7JI:?&Y='G5V%$PG5 -"N+W&*'[XB1\9HDC
M48_+"YD"/5ASW-CQR?9P1.Y6R&6*B:X0S"^RLF$#>=6)6R;FJO%#'(S %TZ7
MT]@>?ZHG;<-,:)KY@R8\2_,D2G'+?*;$TY+ND\"0#UOS1.Z48H4,5TQ(/V]?
MNO;>8EI%R2THX0_%&E;Q[2; <$TX"6!NI5-O/"FE.^NZE!J7>E;D;8 GH-DI
M=:83,M7"@&8+YB91FLN7,P)E[I.#DQ^)DSC$+K 9H9"0!E\;]V)J8*R;BK6)
MMK^4QKEOY6^_?\C]-#K<+C(8=/F-B5\N.XI3WSO.[ M SQ;\3:+TM9S+E/.4
MOT\ 07Z432+#5N8RI7*2LR0YWUN(-R=*:K]_#.\Z_>\&FF@I<;<]5]AZMK[H
M+(LQR]9!9@NR)G+C$)\I<FPRIAJ%T<YAY,/8 HEL&X)1HIWL^O)QRLUDW6C5
M[*\<__15C-*?)"VW5P5S^K*<]$#;00^TQ5DJ!!+G[KE"1@B_=T7/8%+(QEJ6
M2*02,60CGP%)^"G,I7" NF+'6CY%!R-!@[&QELW?L<3',*>>)70Q7Y]Z0O?U
MFSP:*TK!GGS?1QIWQY=4T>0 F94SEI]'HM<&7RAG2K3!TI&CQ\_E(I']YXOE
MC)"4"W4VWEFUV#QPEO9>[;(T96SN2^5/1VB8SRK!$F2"-ECN64I)F5 XLPDG
M6W TB3I2+I,O)*0NB4)I/U#R(VPB.P"9O)"0Q7[KS&T@3QNZ5"Z/.K>\4MS+
MN;+=-,:CN=GT);JB+ DY(L6J&38?NJ$ES<Y2T&X#6I_%)T>DEV^F4 A],0;-
MSU*G*XDI03H8"1H,7Q^RX)^?G?7'<[Q&Z#U6VO57Q>2[K_??OOV6OK>*0BN7
MWM0LC?Z))]6V<.I(%*_S13Z3HX>-CQ4V?FX5D11^28!1?4(NW]VX8U;51R/%
MN5JKHLGH" ED1J!)4X9N+!!S\]>7T?A)MFKW!'N8DCS;,%<&-Y62O.J<X'22
M%7.LBO E$(?@$[/5[/(^)VL"*:N\9(>*+ /X+@@C7GGI&2J<,L6S\^Q4/.H&
M'L%XEA(QGAL/W-[/>LLU%UK+-::=Y9SV>571,";PIY41:C^Q2F@W->5:YOJ3
MQG,YZ2VP[C<VTSO!"4'.7XB"I_#^:)Y(G3>789/B5U!X'0Q>/GYKGDS#A4PY
M*?<P;KQQ>KD[*FYH6/@E_&X [>:U+L1W3Z/KX\A&^Q,F-DU%!R-!@['Q6/ZZ
MIL@L?Y'&,_B-6H>IZL981\4(.GK$7,7__4^)YXJ?L$2 ,DFRP4L'(T&#L?$J
MQSMCVKT(4\IW4;4!I!"AT1UK@H:V(&!8."X5NJ]?:W_^EA[X;U_OE/W>U1/#
M(#/E'#;),/]U'N6:HKQ JHNFN!.-EM&V1 O(V"IWP&@/10-:!]I&D;L2<CPY
M5N"ZKT,U=_WW9U497/\Y8RS%0F*NO'HL&LP3>I"KSUR(RWA"L$4DA''QS:A_
M']T:7W/AA%CKFX<3(WRP5^"]+G>C>;GH:=_AQYD[E<HG1BCDPDGUWC<&" H*
M\!_(U!CMV-R?&-&VAKJAO**QP$_%:QK_*3P@'6$JL^=@#.!)ZH%BZ8[[]O-;
ML?.MT@]&@2. 1Z152+)1Q7# 6&C]O+Z4GHKLH[R=&%L,_[(@6X Q9EUY%+"&
ME-8/I#'K<UUI82P+'[<MCC\QR]#@-T"C89JV%Q:R[@4HJUY_?^ OOE_?YS<B
M0\%/6@5G/:($#C9[CW]_7HTU]>^3%%Z"K4?:D2$\)HN+V3"4C48C_:P;L@FT
MG8)RK:@^@"SRA$35]*U9=6%<J-M)9'LC7T9".:O1@K5IW)". 2RPB1C C9VI
MT%:TKBT'&D-/5@/Z<FBGNJJ*)B0@_,G*BV)VNTO/P!^HW()1#QC=U]?7YE?[
M^DNC"G:S8[7C* 4KPU0@_R+5 D.5Y0J%J27#QRG=V(;^TWY\>,S9_.^K>8Q1
M79!Z391S$4-^O'+'E]_^<56\^]IXE2_D$/)O:"RZ48-UB[\K9W=5S*7%MD@B
M<(HN+5[_PTM;WEE A2?E;'C"!U0%?]B%B:;B RY?;S\_%Z]_RF,I ' A8K%\
M) T(39G)KV?NUK@;ZV;0E-DZC%NC Y$I4XJY\[?UE-HFM@NO1<Q^,ZX60IY,
MV%=?A\+EB(OD',J5>G<M]L_PYTUQ/0*#PD5^:\D)S9WQ=:=0>/[[Z]=7(:3D
MVR%N<XP9'FTQJSPCSIG-H6=X#6(V>IW-EPQ?]#L!M$5<BNLLEU%86X?"EFV9
M%OP6]#)W,XF4VH^G)ENI/LM!GMM4 WTNR>I,JD;3@=!TXG_6Q;;QQ[P<;:7#
M=HCT:$%F8L4\$AUQ8FU68[O952:TIG*9O&__LU"SRS.NC&@Q+<G2H:",P&48
MI!*>=E]L=3+["<TOQ"C/6H[6R80S1&Y02$A[ (JHG2!JRY"3Q/F4I" JU-&4
MU12:L]9&3J1=3%?8^6:_47_\<:ER1J\1I5W%83;[G33:Q:8T6N5@:;2+61J*
ML^X,Z7;\/%*W3Z/%D3^>(S:3__6;<EOL%_5??[D$IM$N?/V70D+3:/[2EA*7
M1N,.D$:; <[\PMZU)]="N[PA!; NC18P<7::1IMI4-2LVF@\&BER$M-H?B#D
MV9CG,_:>1O/7(F97$%<+: XR>31ASWFT&02'3U??7RYKWS0K:-4Y1#;*?]!B
M1@FS02ME>#[P=)!OFJ:XYV3A;'CX0JDW&7[]DZL-]C\\6\XI0O53<'BX8F O
M@1 YM;5S:5<YM=F(77V_KK9_YT=\H9S(?)3_V!&J)D.7S@=WLO<=K<M#9 ]G
MH_4S/RA]?^&5R]L@IW4OH[7=3.,(K<%HM$K!H[4QOX:]1O\<6X:!7QT#^, G
MH$YH?N2 &3?_6(+(%;BET$W1:,HMA9#:,CPETDDH*9#RS;EYUZJ*+"M(/%&]
M$Q6YH57%L6*)JI-ZF^?,3*/%M:Y_ ;87I1',P:O0YEHR8ZAF5M$8R5&43L 8
M$S  /*$+PWF.1%M+@<UGRESH;JR4P],+H=6"?9XCX0((K)#))^5FSHWW*'0,
M()JV,5G<*6DVNK+2'9DN9<O#._Z;)%E77]-SIM'5S(U:H*,NZ:;EN.@0$:9B
MXOL6]/Y* %8(,M#42\!1P&[J3\:=<2]OO5R:GBV#14VF0<BFR1 H-XGM:9XC
M==8J4R@'LJUO<%R/,#:$ZFK4A\>GP8^RI'JRZWL9FZTV>GF>4"R\?FS<4+C/
M^)7E;\Q"[6=:S9(:U9\_I7'AQ\NCH29D6OFF,7A"2?A<)I_/;S6M<GN?5O.$
M;K]EB?IK01C*"9E6_F-#*->>R^3*@544*]/J8FE:K59SX?6,9IOBO.CM%KC:
MF'!:6BA)5-UP? FZE(=( [RCR-D+<OR"$1*7NG%\(<.6#A&,O-L<AWBW$"N2
M9(]L%96)X#LN(!N/#3 $T$U_ @T-DB"XT4VS":Q6OR.^+.>4&@.N)5_E?M6Y
M* '*X7-*<^T9'=\@)'GUQ]*H4'TZ&^/,QBTQ%I[D^6A3U81*PY^MS-ERIL@>
MHE4G)?L$P,MG)>"CG=@)@E<IP^4.[TOXK@C>H\_WP!(5#<AUT= @]9H>\]9
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MD'#($<)YPXU;M"<VNPL'@T-G: #G5I);^,6AR=3A\B9_[AD?SIF69.FHS8K
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MG.\H12O[2/2R[9OOJ'F.JU3D/[9IX5M4.WI -QE\OMY-;N3UV\L7,)++;>&
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MO+(#9R -:ATV TLTJ)51!AZ [S;ME95(S$',C%<6&S81(F&36\TP+=PMQ>N
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M: C?7['DCJ9\8NI0_7HTKIN(G%+T2Q^";Z'?3-1&H#4^?X!DCV& !>3GTPZ
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MD.-9'9X^76IS+OJ7+[WSFG+U33G$P\ZY:\.E0>. CC,V9._0M#5Z-B'L,BY
M4TJ+0")73&!+?$;<0PJOC8W!.OA:I?_3A5$7Z'^1Y?A]E" ET/^%I?K_'+X,
M+?=1<_J!C@PH.YJW O+?(5?]JC^7KM.$O#8X>9 >/1&<:O%:+/ "#'=15Y2L
MS;S8E:2OLXZ=:X*EN$UI;](EMRTZ@;!\<L,3.\]BBZ<2"NVC@O8J4Y<NK+L
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M#>'[*Q;4$,HGI@ZUB$?DNHG(R?/1;WT(OH9^-9&70%@^?X!TC^& !>3GTPZ
MZ@0^>X@9&*6Z%$-U[E"H/D7AV<2!.,)$R8GH[)$R@O9-Q&XQC.<*&L(<B8/*
MXN7+LP7,-\"V 5A@[VYEQ[569?-R4P/BUGY:>_SGY]77J^>?O[Z:_&&;@$L7
M;A#D!IJA#=P!7!G>+[J[,+O+\LZ95V"!!#F_6<]#GTT4EMKCIW*AI(WJHCCH
M)VDYYU&0N?4I>#M%P46YPQKM-!>?!1B7O)69G$PNDIW\\EQ]:A1YY^D.''9
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M;=?RNM%V-%WWKD,,TUDXNV5/;?P6DH4GNI"YXN$@^E8N11N^A7&U2]-JRCI
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MCR".TJ:0I<=0PE WE"&&_ZNOU0HJ,C5'4&&^O0E?CKSLBL1?&WQSTUWL@L,
M(R\5C "CE*';;7M 3CU_.YS2W_73?-G*]YFOH? FT:[P#DP6]=DA%"]72A!]
M9U7($'(S[@@"?5F/($K'&5J3_6?@P&@B<&%RWHHF"MYHHGQ27A1*4)"=1+1'
M1*B(SS!KG6%6/\/+^[=3N?M6?!QW]O@,L_H9XG_YG" 3N+!LR0G2Q9.%61?K
M"$V3WE< 2 W@0OLJ!>T.5-Z^A@LM. W%6QT"^+PQM"@G%/08H"P;EI&RE'^/
M%21L2+T6V#HD7_4A2"EK052P!>$E6'9LA-Z!'H'6*'0%#E(6JAST+UPA20V
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M:9E?<'H_>S@Z$Z_AZ($Y-7C5($.BA:U<R,5_('K"TP?(TUE?GB:!ST:G"]G
M!>"[X^I%8*CFU6:%1R5R*)7<E)6;C@J4,;Y5<<P&/Y?&LCB&QN!!@,MB'4TZ
M^B7C )RKZ@@HINV3+H97]W>EJ^G=GN"7VC3 -R.R107=@7&0 EVWZ+2@6$K5
MR>&X@M&O>]']B0JI0@F8+$DK]W84")IO3I";E]V+NV]07:J%1(=:(:[MW@GW
MD@B,=L>^6:NL(^O+O.'PWU1()_B[.0,9V.>+\IS_66T--ZQ">!JB[H1;1>"
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M61+[#%&][4^F=2FRK'W)=]5_8Z_=KF9>Y_5172H_><.2#:Y.?EDWCRLXR7,
M2WY<]]N;4,ESIT5P5<3V9%_\5<->_/6MKSUHK(;'QNO?1Y 4,"Z!YUCY%M1V
MVRSQNV>[+! QID:UAC$G'A#DQ#480%W?GMV6SG(WW/1Y_ PB*61?D+<UZ]MS
MON60^IH-()"J"RHC8%[84;3K=W3!T_A+RS;_-\2]@/E [\[-.X*(;[OLNRZ#
M0]I+&<2=_<_3)+"K,GX78NN<JO]A!#.>^\X?6[SY"<,@X?H#%EP/%?R*%3=G
ME'^(VYK%)24!S$C [RXIF%G]P9@OQM=$9K=F(M\!WP,++63S=0">1]\?5V^]
M;5K(>8KA988WBIMJ.C+J;:LJ;:'-6W;B'HV6(ZG1&+]Y8R$ONN<BD.345QBR
M-4X]7*G]@E/W:W?;[-#7!JW>IL+4!MF'L[<RD[WD+(49Z.XD8OUIH&*I%E$H
MSZ4>OL]+I"HZ71H.#3K1I?NM2\-546Y7E_X7#)@XTYYE<I/2X/;UY;L6!I@X
MIK?Q6[VQB>AV)O6?8*KX:Z#U9=Z!?P@/]<\A5%+ +9K'1WA#>U""8X+N]EE4
M?>-LN(6FV\80=L(+#RT09!U%&/Z9Q9$35"H<JT,X<\9C_T;Y<2,K/M 92'\%
M &E*5DQ@Z,;UN8'@_,])JH+?"$G3=Z)](:SA'"X0NAB)4^LW+NA@W U7_ V_
M/Y& HO:%(36!^W*C@99]?#J=MVW6OC&_?PL4Q)5L#[2%\S8_;(]N1PIH<U:=
M15M5-.CB&7BB-UW_Y\W_%@!4+NCV /V_:WJ ]_P-_SP]/Y,^F2-*$S1T_-8Z
MT1V$L5 O^FG99_A?J/UFBEO=;Y[AV;/)?;E8H%?M-X"A#K#C91,X3 N];,EN
M"UW(!+30YZVF9:*/&8=I1I2/>G.98KC-!4U)KMA<-GOB-V9Y4?4Z_L]?)KJZ
MH31T@1]IJ@:5 [J2,[66A!0:JZ8,W04P%KZ@&H#P)M@XA['M50.)75"=*G"D
MFE=\;A4&?\T!%V8Y!U\%OB&U!15@+PN#S6,MVA5QV6]*AHO WY$A[[*X=0II
MLZX@L1(GL"(UE$6!$W1]:^R/ZHR0CPH0<KP&=?088%4K:8HLBN@) K*8<+F;
M@YWOD=WZF<6R)JOQQL 47-7*:N9H!]2&9[&. WI?]1,7]V"""?H?7NA"JXXX
M%4T6T"8 2!AJW^41I$R^1)R+_CI49-P'*$N0@4UF-"MQ#:%QL#-R%:!,]GH*
MZ!FC&/[7:ZWFVS>]&JEN+;6J+[1F# G0Q\94)/X)GH0BHE_I3T#&;"CEI8+#
M<L^^1]GJY+FG@O>^96 :/JX*>F7:L6A.5@/>*6Z^\.!3H0J!<ZIY2R,7Y@+!
MDX50%A3D7!&/AM!G?"@ ^H$J\MAY>X*%#Z^E=.,"=9\HJ &XE=4T18!J3Y][
MX>?<>=D,ONQDSL<K1L!%%=U6P)\?89R/'V)X1I[:V\LI+WUFWL6OTVP SN*!
MRBG"$&W?8JMUISJX.*'@G>,0(0&P;H(V#YM6EQ)![- !>(K+ *D(E!"T;&#A
M> I8A8(K@5R)SEH4NA;WN#CF9"YW8/#CN60PCQ%K(',(R84+KO C53/OBAD-
MFFSX3"C'^F)88RQ)RFW9O=N@L$-@-!&XU9KQDP5IA-]AAC;6'!Q4,:087S:"
MG1ND=?%T%TF%'X4/,&*?U-\J %1+ACJ&+OZ3F/2#WO&YE,(A[O(I.^[(5Q^W
M UC(6HN,>E\6H<RJ:<J>X.30H6EJ.%*X/AH)E3)G_4##;<?YWF<NB?M/J(HV
MMTSW)!\4?*/$@* 9ZMQ\^\8OQZ.+6&G$*E/TWCQVW^=<">=M]RT[U8?-R!5D
M;A3@KQ35.3^AO?U8OQWT[LC>G4D>UZ61],X_7M=&G\\-T;)#M\81K,CJK')P
M@I)SP;4'-EOKA=?F9MM^>_58P,#9\26^4.;$[RX$*ZB4X0O]>!5->@15<6X$
MU0*V6C1U:G5JS_YJ>R9>73PH$^VY+I4VO':(^=FA^-%J?S0Z)-71 *X#?D@?
M80>5@M2SFB@[^IQB4RM[77"_C"XB[@X[*_=V-E6U/1M.KJ;U7%GY?.X=_7G
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M@ +8S^,.@*H:/GN(#]!)]8(_$^X'U5T4]MYA^!'&24Y$9YV4#FX/%Z+XG7X
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M^'@Q;)2ORC=@%Y(S=VT9D.-(N+PD)2?L/@(C2R_91S9SXC=U+9#DI*$=4H<
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M8KL)/X4>I&M>==3Y@%H=:KJ4CB(#]P-,Z GS23;*(Z0UW+F,X,Q9!(.LH67
MS5I7;/;,&7M:W_P]FF$ 4%L[W*!!I*7.,3;<.FI7':-#W&)@"-W0PE/'?U+M
MRS4ZL\!71H7<-]V*HB  &+14MX=C'')%XLTCMD_8.N!U7";$!L8&YV!60[8
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M)NP,U!"><1>;,IH3, \/?"/3S[L#TX8=R:7<MY0C/(3X]' >GD+PQ)/\A"?
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MQ$)SZ?.^K-L"+\5-L+)$:VO-I"RA_:RIL&2"?TC2#SU&Z0F)_W8OD.$$)M/
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MX&6%-"H<5^#&5J^!UV4.+>;E*2M?QNV_?'_W_<H[84]/?WTU]Z':_&R,F],
M=^_EZ-&\^H_9?]5?O;EGJ+JPV&YXLU8TBPB7AG N77BXX^M_,U\_[SI#6+;[
M4(^^VX[0C:U]=)Y#8''1Q'8=MM%E:@%'F@\I <X?WH8(*>8$Y?DT1$3^\'?G
M#Y_"GWUTJAHW0,V*_JLI?>Z0V^_PGO"%\'XQ7C%1P'LHXG =HAK9=(>;:A3D
M>/K!0]"&R0?+!P\_/*J]QC;-"FXKY@!Q\PAV#3'@PU\8;2?PR9>#D?B1HYC
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M?6?!)198@B[3GT!$LC@0R6N\&,C3V_!\^)D"\\>1_2H($O_"+ O_RS&91 +
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M- L#3&ADC%];ZOCWR=3LGW$]][2NZ8$SSLLV]8]HW^HMV8@VIA& K.X@'FK
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M4K(MY1?M4#GC&*[PM],=X7_[_L!Z\_\#4$L#!!0    ( 'F!BEF(H5))P14
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M6@9I(*2-C+)>O;1;B]*99&%QF?5-P1&-"+39Y@9OE;=-A+:V':DH.%9/"4H
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M3&-(!C>.9JRV2V[LR#YT(G4D?RVM:^J.6KRO'3:HK$SN\%#%=B>%->FV]M!
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M5NKK*J !5WJ9XQ,*.WQS?"B4=G'Z\.<))DM,^'U9SDV#6EBC:AO;J_'=!-_
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MMDI=?%A)'3.E[/ OCX!"]LG_ U!+ P04    " !Y@8I9S[P%G_8]  #'X0,
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M[LG3W(#*$O79N+MY"OS9WM6>8I4+*@Q"^Q!NB(A?^SKQFI[7*KQM>\'^(J9
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MJ7W\Z]$OKX]2G5^>/3R>^=%30J,4PBTKED![F*RPN*SMFI8#AY3<2AYDDP'
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M^(/3U.<!6?X[]H-2$8FS*KV>@3?S4_K_3J&UG]*+RW??S KPGY5+]N:_'Z
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M 0J;NF%8TO.)%F9PF!A;CG;;,OS*7%6F7[6LW<L++)W@)(0=%.3Y&_D3VJJ
MFTY=4QE^H.IE',G$MVEYZ98TFY>?%HGM<=G);O%&]$\<\_DBVY36R/EB=;6J
MFKH3O<;H(0TD B=+8[MYGQ)^7<E%$GJJ858N^?AV*!3)!( 8>6LPC;)NM'R[
M]Z((,P]F3-41"(Q)F!M3_^!!)][/E+FOY9*/1T,;5&()0%+,#:MTDBYD3:FH
M$9=_/#)TE+$Q03(Y0)K>&Z.IO'A>K*Y]F"11Z<?COG/&ZR9DP:@A0HS9Y3PA
ME+]>7.A ,!N"PO:3 8(&!X?!H[U0%NDMHNQ?<QS[+@JVT LII<=-4TJ='_;:
M'E-,QQ13P2 :4TRMC]V-*:9CBNF88CJFF(XIIF/RW)@\U_(*,";/C<ES8_+<
MF/YEV,8?T[]Z-_K']*\Q_6M,__I&TK^$*KY.^ =OID6X]W-$<72'7>RO=A'<
M?6VKZSV^L34VK@]?8\>B_PLP$:5KUEV^H""I>?7":^EMEWF[3MJP\C*&;B^4
MV']T*^+W>> H_>L%H9,@J"/UKS*I"Q=[ILT[/P3IMW[,_\GO]V3?&R^F&'<-
MOK-=@ZS'GY+%DH2\OVON'(BKV>U9:,ELT0Y"":;*9 6*&]Y'D.I:E%( R&N3
M(]$&,3:[$ZV1U[L3D474L^BZ\G2^M(HIAT(^",H^A0P\.&Y:O1XAC:_54KNL
MAJF4:5VM*[%#2C>7R"E*U.)&K_Q22UDMZV\25(+7</@.'QDB%,SM)+-PX_!P
M/-<XO@G+1>^PAYFD@%/>0L/V4MBB?)8:=/N"[;O ]0=EM;Z]W-870V.OIJ_(
M3+)8('Z%\ND<A3,<7>9][Q..Y\33"U&\J80HLD;3N$S6K..'FR!$UK)-L8@S
MKDCLG>"0_26^#5"XDT8C/*%9W9!#O U*56%&.YR1*J!1KQEKXAVUJ"W[U4U4
M9WV$Y/O9E6U$7_N;ML:6Y7'3=MRT'3=M.[=[BY82QJJ<3KB.H=Q.]4ZO%G+K
M9C_ C*W#3';@R)#;<8CE(A.E[1C!P43=HG6*[H%,7(:;XMK,Z;8P1"IKR6;=
M(+P,7;+ W.V]8$JI3:Q6]2&RJB^81J3@\)#>9$%HG!]8WN1D9'!.4.0S8WDZ
MQ12'KLA!9/6UJP^*JMJ"@09*[T$=*+]$^C#+VW(41Y(T4GR;94P?&=-'OKGT
MD?'0J55VQ'CHU)[(Q7CHM.]#I^ UUH(W#)@;[[O^DJW-X4S_08>&C?7^ JAZ
MH)!69 (G0&,SX)C8J)W8:.S VYC8:.F2-28V:I+7\_J5SN,3S?PZ285'$32+
MTNM4T$&-&YO*ZMUN*5Q'/UC,B0HW1,B'=@F):%P@@_UK1P3[QV/Y;K%RA%"T
M(W.-%M#5YJS)PUJTU%HX6"Z-P%WW9$,0P<6*55+5Z=F4:(L(HBU@3Z9&[]19
M:6ST36^/QHA8&IDU(JO1^]EA_9%2SD:6" !I_HW!W<0-S)NO?#L'!2AT<7;P
M6;:)"-=Z/++]"E0U>H@G<QOZE+@8>^G6YCT*\"3T/J&8)T6O;Z:[J_AWB=(R
MP[)F4_83VE DZT+RXOF#=U(:S?WE+3/NV+_13++-I=V$_:S6%,72T%49_VZ#
M^P3'7S$.-[<L3!8D"6/6=3^'#'? ?Y2U4)?L^E\8:E]H*FD_SHF!KC)Q7?X;
M]N\'BE%<M#F[ZSV"CWX_'0H4'NICQMX)ZS$GT'KVZTD"6NT&[_S)C=:;Z22*
M,'_E O$,(V\27R"?9A<!A7?<WJ&L:V:95?!ALW>R^W#R+_&_9M]R-A]S4.SP
MSVWN!PH=Y&R_Z:0?-7T,;:N-##H;P%<^>O*#_*&J3(Z"IEB!:Q+2/<55.E-U
M9+3\&3,31!M"*)*P6OR$-?E;G72QTGS5.C769XUM)3Y9;__Z#Q]3!GF^OL(K
M',@WZ77K&XN_MT\IT&6T%&B1$[Q%FRLA78BK(J@VG&LV8R9#H"9) ,-U%&53
M"H$)IJW<!>B]-UAZ^&\+]S)<)G&4BGRDVBB75#)T_*_9P 3H%$ME[ZQ=P'O<
MA+ICLVF077%W;'4FI CQZR;LO39[(UI7[!7% M=1\^R=K MR7U#\KP2'KN+>
M":W*WX.5K%*=13L+HFZ^Q=S$7*I4-FX.*]E06S^ 1FRW@-LD<B#6;OMDVV[@
M%M>G[>2EO>!*:EMD\D+C3\-O$0AEW20\62$_X$O+!:$\Z6"777"&GV*=3 S=
M%DRE_?81V:RE@[;3<B1Y:X5-H%,F#OLS58(L<0VH\DVRIR5TVTZJ'EU,"+>
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MD-#TB$^F"+@KE$M^3UP+90?)-!;=*DQ1S)=/GU1A>F&@(M7=P*J:WQ/96KH
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M9'%"*"5?N1.#ENPW\DT-_58>WUNT;C8()4KE@@BVP@35XV^H_$CU;VQ\%9_
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M6NL(S>*^/*$+Z-85FF2#$\@1X)0@S:Z,T!D, N',(F:L:(1?QG!=NP Y7G,
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M;"W0422V) 6&95IHDA?D@JB5A.+_^/6)+W0Z,BZ(T=U9=#Q?;V*'/[FM1*\
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MB0_;]5.1:;)/*:5\D<  L>6!0@0$%?2XIFRX*5 CBH1LB.Q4(["*XDR>^R*
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MI#3"'5)/*0B&8"9TTER1RJ*R$P[.&-8.JFV/_O+E)M444RWJDR\FL$.ZJ.3
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M(8:^98+?A8[T5C=<M5BP.&]%$U7)!.>"!9ASD'<0]\['J>Q4@I$92BE?Q#!
M;'FA$ %!"SVN*2O$?&%X/*11.0FX3:R/7QD_]G\$4*; \!F(NE< <C__%ZC6
MV7:T^A!0]\1C!*3JH$_S9Q U/,:B"FH,<&['?)8KR DNP[DM:*>U[&>T0AS%
M*O*/=+#98#O'94Q2OI-N/(OEH.0Q0,RQ (,8,8L&"+HXPU1%BGU<+.ZZP=]
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MGBW+ /2O?48\<8\M&TA<$%*0LX(0'+/X2?>$G2XFPJ3P="^<.JFG71\,(W<
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MU@H/_I8@MWP?]A,I[P4_S"O M,7CE,NXF#F[":+/)4]NE:YRGA8HK] 0#^*
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MO@*)=_!UB,%;P'CZO;^7K4\XY M>58LS]C.'L_[/T_)L?=<A6]^KZ^SV^>@
M&\[.;>)UT5W#Y,>BBK+7P3M3@Z4*:9&\.Y8_Z,R#8^^,CW)0I]_8?EUMP+U
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M"F5J%#I=L)V+!? .G 9.TF:63G]CN=;3_#;'/,PI2LG/4::-$-K7*!Q"NWX
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M?-5K2P:L([_SM;=QZ?,=NYU?@\N8Y:.4#NT=L?:.Q'O1#NV][!M\>8+86!=
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M?<:"CU&:LS[Z'D<9"Z76M(\Y!GPZGOD%&SHD=^W@K-P9LC3J$@90W%@8IJ]
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M1%(V1VK#NRXH=ZKM*!2]DB^TFJ<)JJIFPY86)!H#*&V#US$WP:<#S?4(;'I
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M>%94]C0<]Z&U+>PI)B:X[3S3S(]]7C>TAGIRX%IQZ&%D=3E(>2DS.P)5FU2
M#)7Y]&,\-!5#333Y>:>H[_#+CS]U8^$U*$1X*8OH!VKNW+Q4J.RA%Z)SJT:
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M:+2&B+S1&"CU[YV0NH)5K%T)]>(B=14B^69KH.A_<$+T*F:19/\X)U%4)H!
MI"]K#Y3_CT[(7\VP PA<KOAF@'$#!Z'2!8C#3\[AT& ;"8I[0L,D8&Q0  B-
MQD#Q?W1"_ I6405_&0=0L6^;@ATJAZ1>XQ-)YE=AZGM10=$5^YDL0%PA7=(<
M*GM<;];(+ZK\_T$\"I9^I3%4]K@.KH'7 TO^/*=TCQCMA*-N#94]KFMKXO;
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M]7@^TPWQ4O(0SN;99/HY+31-8U?Z;E!,!_;:3<8%X1W=PBY*E>+)@ ORY+T
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M2@;EC-IRHDCB](Q,$TJVKS"0]/*%L<P$'<8>78M L^W=J$$_BOZ@E:T!#P[
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M/'DD$>$QJQ+[.V^A<#D43<'2[S] K)5C8B(<1=[\T[N=Y&0Z#7U"TZO8H/6
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M"!W(;<U@:_AD/<&@#>*?]P&:6A[H4#5VJ-:0Z48 0S>(4]\'=&;Y'!A"R03
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M]40S6XD@6X5'8V;LZ3VAHM:PS#X:&3";3B/6:U1TP[&5&O$ JU'VP+&?.CT
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M1B-WU5@ZY\A8J 0J#B'GXM/*"80UV6^!+&&9Q!HRW:=XB#F VPB)B)\L=/-
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M7_D;_I]GYL6SG_Q_4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*66#4%3))"   VS(   H
M         ( !     &5X,S$M,2YH=&U02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I90(_@D2\(
M  "V,@  "@              @ %Q"   97@S,2TR+FAT;5!+ 0(4 Q0    (
M 'F!BEE2*DC>% 4  .\9   *              "  <@0  !E>#,R+3$N:'1M
M4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*65F;_\09!0  !QL   H              ( !!!8
M &5X,S(M,BYH=&U02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I97Z@'P)F8 0 P31< #
M        @ %%&P  9F]R;3$P+7$N:'1M4$L! A0#%     @ >8&*68BA4DG!
M%0  M_$  !               ( !"+0! &ED="TR,#(T,3 S,2YX<V102P$"
M% ,4    " !Y@8I9$SQPM?,;  "=5P$ %               @ 'WR0$ :61T
M+3(P,C0Q,#,Q7V-A;"YX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9S[P%G_8]  #'X0,
M%               @ $<Y@$ :61T+3(P,C0Q,#,Q7V1E9BYX;6Q02P$"% ,4
M    " !Y@8I9JAF)]5%^  "SS08 %               @ %$) ( :61T+3(P
M,C0Q,#,Q7VQA8BYX;6Q02P$"% ,4    " !Y@8I9*E>/'R%;  " YP4 %
M            @ ''H@( :61T+3(P,C0Q,#,Q7W!R92YX;6Q02P4&      H
,"@!@ @  &OX"

end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>XML
<SEQUENCE>111
<FILENAME>form10-q_htm.xml
<DESCRIPTION>IDEA: XBRL DOCUMENT
<TEXT>
<XML>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xbrl
  xmlns="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/instance"
  xmlns:IDT="http://idt.net/20241031"
  xmlns:country="http://xbrl.sec.gov/country/2024"
  xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2024"
  xmlns:iso4217="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/iso4217"
  xmlns:link="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/linkbase"
  xmlns:srt="http://fasb.org/srt/2024"
  xmlns:us-gaap="http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024"
  xmlns:xbrldi="http://xbrl.org/2006/xbrldi"
  xmlns:xhtml="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"
  xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink"
  xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">
    <link:schemaRef xlink:href="idt-20241031.xsd" xlink:type="simple"/>
    <context id="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-12-05_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-12-05</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-12-05_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-12-05</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">IDT:TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:IncomeStatementLocationAxis">IDT:TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-07-31">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassAMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:CommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:RetainedEarningsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:NoncontrollingInterestMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-10-31">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:OwnershipAxis">IDT:NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:OwnershipAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:OwnershipAxis">IDT:NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:OwnershipAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RestatementAxis">srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RestatementAxis">srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_custom_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:DirectCostOfRevenuesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RestatementAxis">srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RestatementAxis">srt:ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012024-10-31">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember42971156">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">us-gaap:CorporateMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">us-gaap:CorporateMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:OtherMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:OtherMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:IDTDigitalPaymentsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:IDTDigitalPaymentsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:BOSSRevolutionMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:BOSSRevolutionMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:IDTGlobalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:IDTGlobalMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:OtherMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:OtherMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_Net2phoneMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_Net2phoneMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_Net2phoneMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_Net2phoneMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_Net2phoneMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:US</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_Net2phoneMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">country:GB</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_Net2phoneMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">IDT:OthersMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_FintechMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:FintechMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_Net2phoneMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:TraditionalCommunicationsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:StatementGeographicalAxis">us-gaap:NonUsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2025-11-01">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
                    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2025-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2025-11-01">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
                    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2025-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_2025-11-01">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
                    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2025-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2026-11-01">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
                    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2026-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2026-11-01">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
                    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2026-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_2026-11-01">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
                    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2026-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2027-11-01">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
                    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2027-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2027-11-01">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
                    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2027-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_2027-11-01">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
                    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2027-11-01</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2024-10-31">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
                    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2024-10-31</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2024-10-31">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
                    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2024-10-31</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis">IDT:Net2phoneMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_2024-10-31">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:typedMember dimension="us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis">
                    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>2024-10-31</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis.domain>
                </xbrldi:typedMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_srt_MinimumMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MinimumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_srt_MaximumMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:RangeAxis">srt:MaximumMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentAxis">IDT:IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentAxis">IDT:IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentAxis">IDT:DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentAxis">IDT:DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentAxis">us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentOtherMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentAxis">us-gaap:FinancialInstrumentOtherMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">us-gaap:USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">us-gaap:CorporateBondSecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">us-gaap:USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">us-gaap:USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">us-gaap:CorporateBondSecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis">IDT:GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:ZedgeIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:ZedgeIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">IDT:RafaelHoldingsIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">IDT:RafaelHoldingsIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">IDT:OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">IDT:OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_MutualFundMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:MutualFundMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_MutualFundMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:MutualFundMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:VisaIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:VisaIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:VisaIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:VisaIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:ConvertiblePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:ConvertiblePreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:HedgeFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:HedgeFundsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:OtherInvestmentsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:InvestmentTypeAxis">us-gaap:OtherInvestmentsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:ZedgeIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:ZedgeIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-07-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">IDT:RafaelHoldingsIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-07-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">IDT:RafaelHoldingsIncMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2016-06-30">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2016-06-30</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-08-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_custom_VisaClassACommonStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">IDT:VisaClassACommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-08-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_custom_VisaClassACommonStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">IDT:VisaClassACommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-08-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis">IDT:EquityMethodInvestmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis">IDT:EquityMethodInvestmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-10-312024-10-31_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis">IDT:EquityMethodInvestmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:PreferredStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-10-31</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">IDT:RafaelClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">IDT:RafaelClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">IDT:ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">IDT:ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">us-gaap:EquityMethodInvesteeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">us-gaap:EquityMethodInvesteeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">us-gaap:EquityMethodInvesteeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">us-gaap:EquityMethodInvesteeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">us-gaap:EquityMethodInvesteeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis">us-gaap:EquityMethodInvesteeMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2023-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel1Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel2Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis">us-gaap:FairValueInputsLevel3Member</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis">us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis">us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis">us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CreditFacilityAxis">us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityAxis">IDT:TDBankMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2021-05-17</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CreditFacilityAxis">us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityAxis">IDT:TDBankMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CreditFacilityAxis">us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityAxis">IDT:TDBankMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:IDTTelecomMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:IDTTelecomMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CreditFacilityAxis">us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityAxis">IDT:TDBankMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2021-05-172021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:CreditFacilityAxis">us-gaap:RevolvingCreditFacilityMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityAxis">IDT:TDBankMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2021-05-17</startDate>
            <endDate>2021-05-17</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2021-09-28</startDate>
            <endDate>2021-09-29</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="dei:LegalEntityAxis">IDT:NationalRetailSolutionsMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_CommonClassAandBMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:CommonClassAandBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2016-01-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:ClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2016-01-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:ClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:ClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:TitleOfIndividualAxis">IDT:EmployeesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:ClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:TitleOfIndividualAxis">IDT:EmployeesMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">IDT:ClassBCommonStockMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2023-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-10-012024-10-31_custom_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember_custom_BillPereiraMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:TitleOfIndividualAxis">IDT:BillPereiraMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementClassOfStockAxis">us-gaap:CommonClassBMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:TypeOfArrangementAxis">IDT:AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-10-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-07-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2024-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-10-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="us-gaap:StatementEquityComponentsAxis">us-gaap:AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
            <segment>
                <xbrldi:explicitMember dimension="srt:ProductOrServiceAxis">IDT:FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember</xbrldi:explicitMember>
            </segment>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <instant>2024-10-31</instant>
        </period>
    </context>
    <context id="From2023-08-012024-07-31">
        <entity>
            <identifier scheme="http://www.sec.gov/CIK">0001005731</identifier>
        </entity>
        <period>
            <startDate>2023-08-01</startDate>
            <endDate>2024-07-31</endDate>
        </period>
    </context>
    <unit id="USD">
        <measure>iso4217:USD</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="Shares">
        <measure>shares</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="USDPShares">
        <divide>
            <unitNumerator>
                <measure>iso4217:USD</measure>
            </unitNumerator>
            <unitDenominator>
                <measure>shares</measure>
            </unitDenominator>
        </divide>
    </unit>
    <unit id="Pure">
        <measure>pure</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="Integer">
        <measure>IDT:Integer</measure>
    </unit>
    <unit id="Segments">
        <measure>IDT:Segments</measure>
    </unit>
    <dei:AmendmentFlag contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000003">false</dei:AmendmentFlag>
    <dei:DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000004">Q1</dei:DocumentFiscalPeriodFocus>
    <dei:CurrentFiscalYearEndDate contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000005">--07-31</dei:CurrentFiscalYearEndDate>
    <dei:DocumentFiscalYearFocus contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000006">2025</dei:DocumentFiscalYearFocus>
    <dei:EntityCentralIndexKey contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000007">0001005731</dei:EntityCentralIndexKey>
    <us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingencies
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0147"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingencies
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0148"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0159"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0160"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0265"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0355"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0356"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0357"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0358"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0359"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0361"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0366"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0367"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0368"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0370"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0371"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0372"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0375"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0376"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0377"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0379"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0380"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0381"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0384"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0385"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0387"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0388"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0389"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0390"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0393"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0394"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0396"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0397"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0398"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0399"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0402"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0403"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0404"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0405"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0407"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0408"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0411"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0412"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0413"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0414"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0415"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0447"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0448"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0450"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0451"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0452"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0453"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0456"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0457"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0458"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0460"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0461"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0462"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0465"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0466"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0467"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0469"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0470"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0471"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0474"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0475"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0477"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0478"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0479"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0480"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0483"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0484"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0485"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0486"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0487"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0488"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0492"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0493"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0494"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0495"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0497"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0498"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0501"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0502"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0503"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0504"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0506"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0507"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0510"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0511"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0512"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0513"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0514"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividends
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0604"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToMinorityShareholders
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0606"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0615"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0640"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0676"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0697"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0762"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_FintechMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0763"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0764"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0768"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0774"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0792"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_FintechMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0793"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0794"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0798"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0804"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1 contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2025-11-01" id="xdx2ixbrl0828">P1Y</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1 contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2026-11-01" id="xdx2ixbrl0834">P1Y</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1 contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2027-11-01" id="xdx2ixbrl0840">P0Y</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1 contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0846">P0Y</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_srt_MinimumMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0871">P1Y</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0910">http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#OtherLiabilitiesCurrent</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl0911">http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#OtherLiabilitiesCurrent</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl0979"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1002"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1098"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1131"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1134"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1135"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1146"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1195"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1201"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1203"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1207"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1223"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1225"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1231"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1233"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1239"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1241"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1251"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1257"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1259"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1263"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1279"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1281"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1287"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1289"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1295"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1297"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1317">http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#NonoperatingIncomeExpense</us-gaap:FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList>
    <us-gaap:FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1318">http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#NonoperatingIncomeExpense</us-gaap:FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList>
    <us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1323"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1324"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1331"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1334"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1336">http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax</us-gaap:FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList>
    <us-gaap:FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31" id="xdx2ixbrl1337">http://fasb.org/us-gaap/2024#OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax</us-gaap:FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList>
    <us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1342"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1343"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1386"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:LegalFees
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1411"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1414"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <IDT:CorporateOther
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1417"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1420"
      unitRef="USD"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      id="xdx2ixbrl1490"
      unitRef="Shares"
      xsi:nil="true"/>
    <dei:DocumentType contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000015">10-Q</dei:DocumentType>
    <dei:DocumentQuarterlyReport contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000016">true</dei:DocumentQuarterlyReport>
    <dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000017">2024-10-31</dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate>
    <dei:DocumentTransitionReport contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000018">false</dei:DocumentTransitionReport>
    <dei:EntityFileNumber contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000019">1-16371</dei:EntityFileNumber>
    <dei:EntityRegistrantName contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000020">IDT CORPORATION</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
    <dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000021">DE</dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode>
    <dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000022">22-3415036</dei:EntityTaxIdentificationNumber>
    <dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1 contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000023">520     Broad Street</dei:EntityAddressAddressLine1>
    <dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000024">Newark</dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown>
    <dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000025">NJ</dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince>
    <dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000026">07102</dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode>
    <dei:CityAreaCode contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000027">(973)</dei:CityAreaCode>
    <dei:LocalPhoneNumber contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000028">438-1000</dei:LocalPhoneNumber>
    <dei:Security12bTitle contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000029">Class     B common stock, par value $.01 per share</dei:Security12bTitle>
    <dei:SecurityExchangeName contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000030">NYSE</dei:SecurityExchangeName>
    <dei:TradingSymbol contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000031">IDT</dei:TradingSymbol>
    <dei:EntityCurrentReportingStatus contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000032">Yes</dei:EntityCurrentReportingStatus>
    <dei:EntityInteractiveDataCurrent contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000033">Yes</dei:EntityInteractiveDataCurrent>
    <dei:EntityFilerCategory contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000034">Accelerated Filer</dei:EntityFilerCategory>
    <dei:EntitySmallBusiness contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000035">false</dei:EntitySmallBusiness>
    <dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000036">false</dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany>
    <dei:EntityShellCompany contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000037">false</dei:EntityShellCompany>
    <dei:EntityListingParValuePerShare
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000038"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.01</dei:EntityListingParValuePerShare>
    <dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="AsOf2024-12-05_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000039"
      unitRef="Shares">1574326</dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding>
    <dei:EntityListingParValuePerShare
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000040"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.01</dei:EntityListingParValuePerShare>
    <dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="AsOf2024-12-05_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000041"
      unitRef="Shares">23674859</dei:EntityCommonStockSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000049"
      unitRef="USD">148019000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000050"
      unitRef="USD">164557000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000052"
      unitRef="USD">95194000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000053"
      unitRef="USD">90899000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000055"
      unitRef="USD">27274000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000056"
      unitRef="USD">23438000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000058"
      unitRef="USD">5071000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000059"
      unitRef="USD">5009000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000064"
      unitRef="USD">6634000</us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000066"
      unitRef="USD">6352000</us-gaap:AllowanceForDoubtfulAccountsReceivableCurrent>
    <us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000061"
      unitRef="USD">41566000</us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent>
    <us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000062"
      unitRef="USD">42215000</us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent>
    <IDT:SettlementAssetsReserve
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000071"
      unitRef="USD">1903000</IDT:SettlementAssetsReserve>
    <IDT:SettlementAssetsReserve
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000073"
      unitRef="USD">1866000</IDT:SettlementAssetsReserve>
    <us-gaap:SettlementAssetsCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000068"
      unitRef="USD">25245000</us-gaap:SettlementAssetsCurrent>
    <us-gaap:SettlementAssetsCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000069"
      unitRef="USD">22186000</us-gaap:SettlementAssetsCurrent>
    <IDT:DisbursementPrefunding
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000075"
      unitRef="USD">52041000</IDT:DisbursementPrefunding>
    <IDT:DisbursementPrefunding
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000076"
      unitRef="USD">30736000</IDT:DisbursementPrefunding>
    <us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000078"
      unitRef="USD">12686000</us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent>
    <us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000079"
      unitRef="USD">17558000</us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000081"
      unitRef="USD">24627000</us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000082"
      unitRef="USD">25927000</us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AssetsCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000084"
      unitRef="USD">431723000</us-gaap:AssetsCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AssetsCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000085"
      unitRef="USD">422525000</us-gaap:AssetsCurrent>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000087"
      unitRef="USD">38944000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000088"
      unitRef="USD">38652000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000090"
      unitRef="USD">26309000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:Goodwill
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000091"
      unitRef="USD">26288000</us-gaap:Goodwill>
    <us-gaap:OtherIntangibleAssetsNet
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000093"
      unitRef="USD">5947000</us-gaap:OtherIntangibleAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:OtherIntangibleAssetsNet
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000094"
      unitRef="USD">6285000</us-gaap:OtherIntangibleAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000096"
      unitRef="USD">7092000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000097"
      unitRef="USD">6518000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000099"
      unitRef="USD">3101000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000100"
      unitRef="USD">3273000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset>
    <us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000102"
      unitRef="USD">29523000</us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000103"
      unitRef="USD">35008000</us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000105"
      unitRef="USD">11995000</us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000106"
      unitRef="USD">11546000</us-gaap:OtherAssetsNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:Assets
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000108"
      unitRef="USD">554634000</us-gaap:Assets>
    <us-gaap:Assets
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000109"
      unitRef="USD">550095000</us-gaap:Assets>
    <us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000117"
      unitRef="USD">23647000</us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000118"
      unitRef="USD">24773000</us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000120"
      unitRef="USD">92821000</us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000121"
      unitRef="USD">103176000</us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000123"
      unitRef="USD">29321000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000124"
      unitRef="USD">30364000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:DepositLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000126"
      unitRef="USD">94951000</us-gaap:DepositLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:DepositLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000127"
      unitRef="USD">91893000</us-gaap:DepositLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000129"
      unitRef="USD">12710000</us-gaap:SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000130"
      unitRef="USD">12764000</us-gaap:SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000132"
      unitRef="USD">16373000</us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000133"
      unitRef="USD">16374000</us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000135"
      unitRef="USD">269823000</us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000136"
      unitRef="USD">279344000</us-gaap:LiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000138"
      unitRef="USD">1566000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000139"
      unitRef="USD">1533000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000141"
      unitRef="USD">1058000</us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000142"
      unitRef="USD">2662000</us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:Liabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000144"
      unitRef="USD">272447000</us-gaap:Liabilities>
    <us-gaap:Liabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000145"
      unitRef="USD">283539000</us-gaap:Liabilities>
    <us-gaap:RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000150"
      unitRef="USD">11039000</us-gaap:RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount>
    <us-gaap:RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000151"
      unitRef="USD">10901000</us-gaap:RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestEquityCarryingAmount>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000162"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.01</us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000164"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.01</us-gaap:PreferredStockParOrStatedValuePerShare>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000166"
      unitRef="Shares">10000000</us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000168"
      unitRef="Shares">10000000</us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesAuthorized>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000170"
      unitRef="Shares">0</us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued>
    <us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000172"
      unitRef="Shares">0</us-gaap:PreferredStockSharesIssued>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000177"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.01</us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000179"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.01</us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000181"
      unitRef="Shares">35000000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000183"
      unitRef="Shares">35000000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000185"
      unitRef="Shares">3272000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000187"
      unitRef="Shares">3272000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000189"
      unitRef="Shares">1574000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000191"
      unitRef="Shares">1574000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000174"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:CommonStockValue>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000175"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:CommonStockValue>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000196"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.01</us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000198"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.01</us-gaap:CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000200"
      unitRef="Shares">200000000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000202"
      unitRef="Shares">200000000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesAuthorized>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000204"
      unitRef="Shares">28229000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000206"
      unitRef="Shares">28177000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesIssued>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000208"
      unitRef="Shares">23674000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000210"
      unitRef="Shares">23684000</us-gaap:CommonStockSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000193"
      unitRef="USD">282000</us-gaap:CommonStockValue>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000194"
      unitRef="USD">282000</us-gaap:CommonStockValue>
    <us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000212"
      unitRef="USD">305918000</us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital>
    <us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000213"
      unitRef="USD">303510000</us-gaap:AdditionalPaidInCapital>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonShares
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000218"
      unitRef="Shares">1698000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonShares>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonShares
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000220"
      unitRef="Shares">1698000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonShares>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonShares
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000222"
      unitRef="Shares">4555000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonShares>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonShares
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000224"
      unitRef="Shares">4493000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockCommonShares>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000215"
      unitRef="USD">128512000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000216"
      unitRef="USD">126080000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValue>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000226"
      unitRef="USD">-19709000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000227"
      unitRef="USD">-18142000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000229"
      unitRef="USD">102568000</us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit>
    <us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000230"
      unitRef="USD">86580000</us-gaap:RetainedEarningsAccumulatedDeficit>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquity
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000232"
      unitRef="USD">260580000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquity>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquity
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000233"
      unitRef="USD">246183000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquity>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000235"
      unitRef="USD">10568000</us-gaap:MinorityInterest>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000236"
      unitRef="USD">9472000</us-gaap:MinorityInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000238"
      unitRef="USD">271148000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000239"
      unitRef="USD">255655000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000241"
      unitRef="USD">554634000</us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity>
    <us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000242"
      unitRef="USD">550095000</us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000244"
      unitRef="USD">309566000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000245"
      unitRef="USD">301205000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:CostOfRevenue
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000247"
      unitRef="USD">201939000</us-gaap:CostOfRevenue>
    <us-gaap:CostOfRevenue
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000248"
      unitRef="USD">207211000</us-gaap:CostOfRevenue>
    <us-gaap:GrossProfit
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000250"
      unitRef="USD">107627000</us-gaap:GrossProfit>
    <us-gaap:GrossProfit
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000251"
      unitRef="USD">93994000</us-gaap:GrossProfit>
    <us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000256"
      unitRef="USD">71051000</us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense>
    <us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000257"
      unitRef="USD">64378000</us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense>
    <us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000259"
      unitRef="USD">12759000</us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense>
    <us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000260"
      unitRef="USD">12410000</us-gaap:ResearchAndDevelopmentExpense>
    <us-gaap:SeveranceCosts1
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000262"
      unitRef="USD">177000</us-gaap:SeveranceCosts1>
    <us-gaap:SeveranceCosts1
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000263"
      unitRef="USD">525000</us-gaap:SeveranceCosts1>
    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000266"
      unitRef="USD">484000</us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet>
    <us-gaap:OperatingExpenses
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000268"
      unitRef="USD">83987000</us-gaap:OperatingExpenses>
    <us-gaap:OperatingExpenses
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000269"
      unitRef="USD">76829000</us-gaap:OperatingExpenses>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000271"
      unitRef="USD">23640000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000272"
      unitRef="USD">17165000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:InterestIncomeExpenseNet
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000274"
      unitRef="USD">1428000</us-gaap:InterestIncomeExpenseNet>
    <us-gaap:InterestIncomeExpenseNet
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000275"
      unitRef="USD">844000</us-gaap:InterestIncomeExpenseNet>
    <us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000277"
      unitRef="USD">-283000</us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense>
    <us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000278"
      unitRef="USD">-5586000</us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000280"
      unitRef="USD">24785000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000281"
      unitRef="USD">12423000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromContinuingOperationsBeforeIncomeTaxesExtraordinaryItemsNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000283"
      unitRef="USD">6302000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000284"
      unitRef="USD">3947000</us-gaap:IncomeTaxExpenseBenefit>
    <us-gaap:ProfitLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000286"
      unitRef="USD">18483000</us-gaap:ProfitLoss>
    <us-gaap:ProfitLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000287"
      unitRef="USD">8476000</us-gaap:ProfitLoss>
    <us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000289"
      unitRef="USD">1234000</us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000290"
      unitRef="USD">817000</us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000292"
      unitRef="USD">17249000</us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000293"
      unitRef="USD">7659000</us-gaap:NetIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000298"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.68</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic>
    <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000299"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareBasic>
    <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000301"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.68</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted>
    <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000302"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.30</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareDiluted>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000307"
      unitRef="Shares">25204000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000308"
      unitRef="Shares">25178000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000310"
      unitRef="Shares">25363000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000311"
      unitRef="Shares">25277000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000313"
      unitRef="USD">834000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpensesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000315"
      unitRef="USD">641000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000317"
      unitRef="USD">78000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000319"
      unitRef="USD">130000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
    <us-gaap:ProfitLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000322"
      unitRef="USD">18483000</us-gaap:ProfitLoss>
    <us-gaap:ProfitLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000323"
      unitRef="USD">8476000</us-gaap:ProfitLoss>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000328"
      unitRef="USD">56000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000329"
      unitRef="USD">-66000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeUnrealizedHoldingGainLossOnSecuritiesArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000331"
      unitRef="USD">-1623000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000332"
      unitRef="USD">631000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000334"
      unitRef="USD">-1567000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000335"
      unitRef="USD">565000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000337"
      unitRef="USD">16916000</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000338"
      unitRef="USD">9041000</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000340"
      unitRef="USD">1234000</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000341"
      unitRef="USD">817000</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000343"
      unitRef="USD">15682000</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000344"
      unitRef="USD">8224000</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000346"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000347"
      unitRef="USD">282000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000348"
      unitRef="USD">303510000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000349"
      unitRef="USD">-126080000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000350"
      unitRef="USD">-18142000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000351"
      unitRef="USD">86580000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000352"
      unitRef="USD">9472000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000353"
      unitRef="USD">255655000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000364"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.05</us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareDeclared>
    <us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000360"
      unitRef="USD">1261000</us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock>
    <us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000362"
      unitRef="USD">1261000</us-gaap:DividendsCommonStock>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000369"
      unitRef="USD">-1339000</IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000373"
      unitRef="USD">-1339000</IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000378"
      unitRef="USD">-1093000</IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000382"
      unitRef="USD">-1093000</IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000386"
      unitRef="USD">1824000</us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000391"
      unitRef="USD">1824000</us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000395"
      unitRef="USD">584000</us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000400"
      unitRef="USD">584000</us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000406"
      unitRef="USD">-1567000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000409"
      unitRef="USD">-1567000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000416"
      unitRef="USD">17249000</IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000417"
      unitRef="USD">1096000</IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000418"
      unitRef="USD">18345000</IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000420"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000421"
      unitRef="USD">282000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000422"
      unitRef="USD">305918000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000423"
      unitRef="USD">-128512000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000424"
      unitRef="USD">-19709000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000425"
      unitRef="USD">102568000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000426"
      unitRef="USD">10568000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000427"
      unitRef="USD">271148000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000429"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000430"
      unitRef="USD">279000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000431"
      unitRef="USD">301408000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000432"
      unitRef="USD">-115461000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000433"
      unitRef="USD">-17192000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000434"
      unitRef="USD">24662000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000435"
      unitRef="USD">6267000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000436"
      unitRef="USD">199996000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000438"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000439"
      unitRef="USD">279000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000440"
      unitRef="USD">301408000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000441"
      unitRef="USD">-115461000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000442"
      unitRef="USD">-17192000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000443"
      unitRef="USD">24662000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000444"
      unitRef="USD">6267000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000445"
      unitRef="USD">199996000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000449"
      unitRef="USD">172000</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000454"
      unitRef="USD">172000</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueStockOptionsExercised>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000459"
      unitRef="USD">-2836000</IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000463"
      unitRef="USD">-2836000</IDT:TreasuryStockValueRepurchasesOfCommonStockThroughRepurchaseProgram>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000468"
      unitRef="USD">-15000</IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees>
    <IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000472"
      unitRef="USD">-15000</IDT:TreasuryStockValueRestrictedCommonStockPurchasedFromEmployees>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000476"
      unitRef="USD">771000</us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000481"
      unitRef="USD">771000</us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalSharebasedCompensationRequisiteServicePeriodRecognitionValue>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000489"
      unitRef="USD">55000</us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000490"
      unitRef="USD">55000</us-gaap:MinorityInterestDecreaseFromDistributionsToNoncontrollingInterestHolders>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000496"
      unitRef="USD">565000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000499"
      unitRef="USD">565000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000505"
      unitRef="USD">565000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000508"
      unitRef="USD">565000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000515"
      unitRef="USD">7659000</IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000516"
      unitRef="USD">710000</IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries>
    <IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000517"
      unitRef="USD">8369000</IDT:NetIncomeLossIncludingPortionAttributableToRedeemableNonControllingInterestAndNonControllingInterestInSubsidiaries>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000519"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000520"
      unitRef="USD">279000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000521"
      unitRef="USD">302351000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000522"
      unitRef="USD">-118312000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000523"
      unitRef="USD">-16627000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000524"
      unitRef="USD">32321000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000525"
      unitRef="USD">6922000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000526"
      unitRef="USD">206967000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassAMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000528"
      unitRef="USD">33000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonStockMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000529"
      unitRef="USD">279000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapitalMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000530"
      unitRef="USD">302351000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_TreasuryStockCommonMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000531"
      unitRef="USD">-118312000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000532"
      unitRef="USD">-16627000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_RetainedEarningsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000533"
      unitRef="USD">32321000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_NoncontrollingInterestMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000534"
      unitRef="USD">6922000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000535"
      unitRef="USD">206967000</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityIncludingPortionAttributableToNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:ProfitLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000540"
      unitRef="USD">18483000</us-gaap:ProfitLoss>
    <us-gaap:ProfitLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000541"
      unitRef="USD">8476000</us-gaap:ProfitLoss>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000546"
      unitRef="USD">5241000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000547"
      unitRef="USD">5047000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000549"
      unitRef="USD">5485000</us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits>
    <us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000550"
      unitRef="USD">3561000</us-gaap:DeferredIncomeTaxesAndTaxCredits>
    <us-gaap:ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000552"
      unitRef="USD">1002000</us-gaap:ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts>
    <us-gaap:ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000553"
      unitRef="USD">759000</us-gaap:ProvisionForDoubtfulAccounts>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000555"
      unitRef="USD">912000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
    <us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000556"
      unitRef="USD">771000</us-gaap:ShareBasedCompensation>
    <us-gaap:OtherNoncashIncomeExpense
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000558"
      unitRef="USD">-692000</us-gaap:OtherNoncashIncomeExpense>
    <us-gaap:OtherNoncashIncomeExpense
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000559"
      unitRef="USD">-2425000</us-gaap:OtherNoncashIncomeExpense>
    <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000564"
      unitRef="USD">200000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable>
    <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000565"
      unitRef="USD">4572000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivable>
    <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000567"
      unitRef="USD">20380000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets>
    <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000568"
      unitRef="USD">-8250000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets>
    <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000570"
      unitRef="USD">-12771000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities>
    <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000571"
      unitRef="USD">-6285000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities>
    <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000573"
      unitRef="USD">2810000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities>
    <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000574"
      unitRef="USD">-3017000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInOtherCurrentLiabilities>
    <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000576"
      unitRef="USD">-1110000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability>
    <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000577"
      unitRef="USD">-540000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInContractWithCustomerLiability>
    <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000579"
      unitRef="USD">164000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities>
    <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000580"
      unitRef="USD">14875000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000585"
      unitRef="USD">5278000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000586"
      unitRef="USD">4322000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquirePropertyPlantAndEquipment>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000588"
      unitRef="USD">673000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000589"
      unitRef="USD">672000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000591"
      unitRef="USD">12669000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000592"
      unitRef="USD">7750000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireMarketableSecurities>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000594"
      unitRef="USD">9878000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000595"
      unitRef="USD">17067000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities>
    <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000597"
      unitRef="USD">-8742000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities>
    <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000598"
      unitRef="USD">4323000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividends
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000603"
      unitRef="USD">1261000</us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividends>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToMinorityShareholders
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000607"
      unitRef="USD">55000</us-gaap:PaymentsToMinorityShareholders>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000609"
      unitRef="USD">14243000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000610"
      unitRef="USD">30315000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000612"
      unitRef="USD">14243000</us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000613"
      unitRef="USD">30315000</us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000616"
      unitRef="USD">172000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000618"
      unitRef="USD">2432000</us-gaap:PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000619"
      unitRef="USD">2851000</us-gaap:PaymentsForRepurchaseOfCommonStock>
    <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000621"
      unitRef="USD">-3693000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities>
    <us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000622"
      unitRef="USD">-2734000</us-gaap:NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities>
    <us-gaap:EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000624"
      unitRef="USD">28000</us-gaap:EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000625"
      unitRef="USD">-6834000</us-gaap:EffectOfExchangeRateOnCashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000627"
      unitRef="USD">-12243000</us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect>
    <us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000628"
      unitRef="USD">9630000</us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalentsPeriodIncreaseDecreaseIncludingExchangeRateEffect>
    <us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000630"
      unitRef="USD">255456000</us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000631"
      unitRef="USD">198823000</us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000633"
      unitRef="USD">243213000</us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000634"
      unitRef="USD">208453000</us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000639"
      unitRef="USD">1824000</us-gaap:AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalOther>
    <us-gaap:BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000642">&lt;p id="xdx_807_eus-gaap--BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_zQBAldpnxki1" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
1&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82D_zqo1SmiOpHcj"&gt;Basis of Presentation&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
accompanying unaudited consolidated financial statements of IDT Corporation and its subsidiaries (the &#x201c;Company&#x201d; or &#x201c;IDT&#x201d;)
have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (&#x201c;U.S. GAAP&#x201d;)
for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include
all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments
(consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the
three months ended October 31, 2024 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending July
31, 2025. The balance sheet at July 31, 2024 has been derived from the Company&#x2019;s audited financial statements at that date but
does not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, please
refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company&#x2019;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the
fiscal year ended July 31, 2024, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the &#x201c;SEC&#x201d;).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s fiscal year ends on July 31 of each calendar year. Each reference below to a fiscal year refers to the fiscal year ending
in the calendar year indicated (e.g., fiscal 2025 refers to the fiscal year ending July 31, 2025).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;As
of October 31, 2024, the Company owned &lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20241031__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_znxFc4hHfQ0d" title="Ownership percentage"&gt;94.0&lt;/span&gt;%
of the outstanding shares of its subsidiary, net2phone 2.0, Inc. (&#x201c;net2phone 2.0&#x201d;), which owns and operates the
net2phone segment, and &lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20241031__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zkM2XFKd0W48" title="Ownership percentage"&gt;81.5&lt;/span&gt;%
of the outstanding shares of National Retail Solutions (&#x201c;NRS&#x201d;). On a fully diluted basis assuming all the vesting
criteria related to various rights granted have been met, the Company would own &lt;span id="xdx_905_ecustom--FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_pid_dp_uPure_c20240801__20241031__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember_zGfNSWHD0iJd" title="Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage"&gt;90.3&lt;/span&gt;%
of the equity of net2phone 2.0 and &lt;span id="xdx_907_ecustom--FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent_pid_dp_uPure_c20240801__20241031__srt--OwnershipAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_z8iys4JhYOIa" title="Fully diluted basis assuming vesting, percentage"&gt;79.3&lt;/span&gt;%
of NRS.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription_zfA9G5VxSKX5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_866_zIf7aA35Rqsc"&gt;Reclassifications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;From and after August 1, 2024, the Company reclassified certain customer funds for pending money transfers in its
consolidated financial statements. In the consolidated balance sheet at July 31, 2024, $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20240731__srt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_zEaXbE2WSsVf" title="Settlement liabilities"&gt;8.9&lt;/span&gt; million previously included in &#x201c;Settlement
liabilities&#x201d; was reclassified to &#x201c;Customer funds deposits,&#x201d; and in the consolidated statements of cash flows in the
three months ended October 31, 2023, cash used for &#x201c;Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, settlement liabilities, other current
liabilities, and other liabilities&#x201d; of $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__srt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_zvel8jM4EtHi" title="Customer funds deposits"&gt;0.7&lt;/span&gt; million was reclassified to cash used for &#x201c;Customer funds deposits&#x201d;. These
amounts were reclassified to conform to the current year&#x2019;s presentation.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;From
and after February 1, 2024, the Company reclassified most of its technology and development expenses from &#x201c;Selling, general and
administrative&#x201d; expense to a new &#x201c;Technology and development&#x201d; expense caption in the consolidated statements of income
and reclassified an amount that was immaterial in all periods to &#x201c;Direct cost of revenues.&#x201d; The following table shows the
amounts that were reclassified in the three months ended October 31, 2023 to conform to the current period&#x2019;s presentation:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock_zWwcZQG94Jhh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B9_z9JvzkbiMJxh"&gt;Schedule
of Amount that were Reclassified&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_491_20240801__20241031_zJO62zg0J9wj" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Selling, general and administrative expense
    reclassified to:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--DirectCostofRevenuesMember_z5my8uBtlpm4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 80%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Direct
    cost of revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;434&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsAhJJ4oIyz9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Technology
    and development expenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,410&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsUpfxDfKIVj" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Selling,
    general and administrative expense&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,410&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000644"
      unitRef="Pure">0.940</us-gaap:MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000646"
      unitRef="Pure">0.815</us-gaap:MinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent>
    <IDT:FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NetTwophoneTwoZeroIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000648"
      unitRef="Pure">0.903</IDT:FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent>
    <IDT:FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000650"
      unitRef="Pure">0.793</IDT:FullyDilutedMinorityInterestOwnershipPercentageByParent>
    <us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000652">&lt;p id="xdx_841_eus-gaap--PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription_zfA9G5VxSKX5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_866_zIf7aA35Rqsc"&gt;Reclassifications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;From and after August 1, 2024, the Company reclassified certain customer funds for pending money transfers in its
consolidated financial statements. In the consolidated balance sheet at July 31, 2024, $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20240731__srt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_zEaXbE2WSsVf" title="Settlement liabilities"&gt;8.9&lt;/span&gt; million previously included in &#x201c;Settlement
liabilities&#x201d; was reclassified to &#x201c;Customer funds deposits,&#x201d; and in the consolidated statements of cash flows in the
three months ended October 31, 2023, cash used for &#x201c;Trade accounts payable, accrued expenses, settlement liabilities, other current
liabilities, and other liabilities&#x201d; of $&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__srt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_zvel8jM4EtHi" title="Customer funds deposits"&gt;0.7&lt;/span&gt; million was reclassified to cash used for &#x201c;Customer funds deposits&#x201d;. These
amounts were reclassified to conform to the current year&#x2019;s presentation.&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;From
and after February 1, 2024, the Company reclassified most of its technology and development expenses from &#x201c;Selling, general and
administrative&#x201d; expense to a new &#x201c;Technology and development&#x201d; expense caption in the consolidated statements of income
and reclassified an amount that was immaterial in all periods to &#x201c;Direct cost of revenues.&#x201d; The following table shows the
amounts that were reclassified in the three months ended October 31, 2023 to conform to the current period&#x2019;s presentation:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock_zWwcZQG94Jhh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B9_z9JvzkbiMJxh"&gt;Schedule
of Amount that were Reclassified&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_491_20240801__20241031_zJO62zg0J9wj" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Selling, general and administrative expense
    reclassified to:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--DirectCostofRevenuesMember_z5my8uBtlpm4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 80%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Direct
    cost of revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;434&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsAhJJ4oIyz9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Technology
    and development expenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,410&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsUpfxDfKIVj" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Selling,
    general and administrative expense&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,410&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:PriorPeriodReclassificationAdjustmentDescription>
    <us-gaap:SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact000654"
      unitRef="USD">8900000</us-gaap:SettlementLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact000656"
      unitRef="USD">700000</us-gaap:IncreaseDecreaseInAccountsPayableAndAccruedLiabilities>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000658">&lt;p id="xdx_89D_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock_zWwcZQG94Jhh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; display: none; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B9_z9JvzkbiMJxh"&gt;Schedule
of Amount that were Reclassified&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_491_20240801__20241031_zJO62zg0J9wj" style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Selling, general and administrative expense
    reclassified to:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--DirectCostofRevenuesMember_z5my8uBtlpm4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 80%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Direct
    cost of revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;434&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsAhJJ4oIyz9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Technology
    and development expenses&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,410&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_hsrt--RestatementAxis__srt--ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember_zsUpfxDfKIVj" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Selling,
    general and administrative expense&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,410&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfErrorCorrectionsAndPriorPeriodAdjustmentsTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_custom_DirectCostOfRevenuesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000660"
      unitRef="USD">434000</us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense>
    <us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000662"
      unitRef="USD">12410000</us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense>
    <us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_srt_ScenarioPreviouslyReportedMember_custom_TechnologyAndDevelopmentExpenseMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000664"
      unitRef="USD">12410000</us-gaap:SellingGeneralAndAdministrativeExpense>
    <us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000666">&lt;p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock_zrgaFMmDPipc" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
2&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_823_zu6jSSuU8uX9"&gt;Business Segment Information&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company has &lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--NumberOfReportableSegments_pid_dc_uSegments_c20230801__20241031_zqS0l14LQO37" title="Number of reportable segments"&gt;four&lt;/span&gt; reportable business segments, NRS, Fintech, net2phone, and Traditional Communications.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
NRS segment is an operator of a nationwide point-of-sale (&#x201c;POS&#x201d;) network providing independent retailers with store management
software, electronic payment processing, and other ancillary merchant services. NRS&#x2019; POS platform provides marketers with digital
out-of-home advertising and transaction data.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Fintech segment is comprised of: (i) BOSS Money, a provider of international money remittance and related value/payment transfer
services; and (ii) other, significantly smaller, financial services businesses, including a variable interest entity
(&#x201c;VIE&#x201d;) that processes disbursement payments, and IDT Financial Services Limited (&#x201c;IDT Financial
Services&#x201d;), the Company&#x2019;s Gibraltar-based bank.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
net2phone segment is comprised of net2phone&#x2019;s integrated cloud communications and contact center services.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Traditional Communications segment includes: (i) IDT Digital Payments, which enables customers to transfer airtime and bundles of airtime,
messaging, and data to international and domestic mobile accounts: (ii) BOSS Revolution, an international long-distance calling service
marketed primarily to immigrant communities in the United States and Canada; and (iii) IDT Global, a wholesale provider of international
voice and SMS termination and outsourced traffic management solutions to telecoms worldwide. Traditional Communications also includes
other small businesses and offerings including early-stage business initiatives and mature businesses in harvest mode.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s reportable segments are distinguished by types of service, customers, and methods used to provide their services. The
operating results of these business segments are regularly reviewed by the Company&#x2019;s chief operating decision maker. The accounting
policies of the segments are the same as the accounting policies of the Company as a whole. There are no significant asymmetrical allocations
to segments. The Company evaluates the performance of its business segments based primarily on income (loss) from operations.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
costs mainly include compensation, consulting fees, treasury, tax and accounting services, human resources, corporate purchasing, corporate
governance including Board of Directors&#x2019; fees, internal and external audit, investor relations, corporate insurance, corporate
legal, and other corporate-related general and administrative expenses. Corporate does not generate any revenues, nor does it incur any
direct cost of revenues.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zBcpZIwSyFr5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
results for the business segments of the Company were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zoURLZLM3Yhb" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Operating Results of Business Segments&lt;/span&gt; &#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BE_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zOP9BVI6zqR9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;National
    Retail Solutions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BC_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zSW2Z15jtbL6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Fintech&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B0_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_zZp0a7jDyElj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;net2phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B2_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zHf9U4QDfut8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Traditional
    Communications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_us-gaap--CorporateMember_zinPPjg94Pbh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Corporate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BB_zLoel4FNRPQ9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three Months Ended October 31, 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_434_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zBJO1BI9eTQc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;30,362&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;37,070&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;21,620&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;220,514&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0676"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;309,566&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_43D_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_zoQ5zHNjD70i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Income (loss) from operations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6,613&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,236&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;999&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;15,672&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,880&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;23,640&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_435_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_di_zaENFPOcEy93" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Depreciation and amortization&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(960&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(735&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,557&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,972&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(17&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(5,241&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three Months Ended October 31, 2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_435_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zePNjOjwLZDe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;23,995&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;26,563&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;19,927&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$$230,720&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0697"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;301,205&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_430_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_z2piqOL9V34l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Income (loss) from operations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,460&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,383&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;15,406&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,311&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;17,165&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_430_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_di_zyiky1Phy2Rk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Depreciation and amortization&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(735&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(693&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,440&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,148&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(31&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(5,047&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AA_zmN55BUI7Mad" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:SegmentReportingDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:NumberOfReportableSegments
      contextRef="From2023-08-012024-10-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000668"
      unitRef="Segments">4</us-gaap:NumberOfReportableSegments>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000670">&lt;p id="xdx_899_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock_zBcpZIwSyFr5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
results for the business segments of the Company were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zoURLZLM3Yhb" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Operating Results of Business Segments&lt;/span&gt; &#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BE_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zOP9BVI6zqR9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;National
    Retail Solutions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BC_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zSW2Z15jtbL6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Fintech&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B0_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_zZp0a7jDyElj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;net2phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B2_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zHf9U4QDfut8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Traditional
    Communications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_us-gaap--CorporateMember_zinPPjg94Pbh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Corporate&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BB_zLoel4FNRPQ9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three Months Ended October 31, 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_434_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zBJO1BI9eTQc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 40%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;30,362&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;37,070&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;21,620&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;220,514&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0676"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 6%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;309,566&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_43D_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_zoQ5zHNjD70i" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Income (loss) from operations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6,613&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,236&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;999&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;15,672&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,880&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;23,640&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_435_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_di_zaENFPOcEy93" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Depreciation and amortization&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(960&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(735&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,557&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,972&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(17&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(5,241&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three Months Ended October 31, 2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_435_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zePNjOjwLZDe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;23,995&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;26,563&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;19,927&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$$230,720&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0697"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;301,205&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_430_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--OperatingIncomeLoss_pn3n3_z2piqOL9V34l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Income (loss) from operations&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,460&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,383&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;15,406&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,311&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;17,165&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_430_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--DepreciationAndAmortization_iN_di_zyiky1Phy2Rk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Depreciation and amortization&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(735&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(693&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(1,440&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(2,148&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(31&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(5,047&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfSegmentReportingInformationBySegmentTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember42971156"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000672"
      unitRef="USD">30362000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000673"
      unitRef="USD">37070000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000674"
      unitRef="USD">21620000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000675"
      unitRef="USD">220514000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000677"
      unitRef="USD">309566000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember42971156"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000679"
      unitRef="USD">6613000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000680"
      unitRef="USD">3236000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000681"
      unitRef="USD">999000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000682"
      unitRef="USD">15672000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000683"
      unitRef="USD">-2880000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000684"
      unitRef="USD">23640000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember42971156"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000686"
      unitRef="USD">960000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000687"
      unitRef="USD">735000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000688"
      unitRef="USD">1557000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000689"
      unitRef="USD">1972000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000690"
      unitRef="USD">17000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000691"
      unitRef="USD">5241000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000693"
      unitRef="USD">23995000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000694"
      unitRef="USD">26563000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000695"
      unitRef="USD">19927000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000696"
      unitRef="USD">230720000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000698"
      unitRef="USD">301205000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000700"
      unitRef="USD">5460000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000701"
      unitRef="USD">-1383000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000702"
      unitRef="USD">-7000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000703"
      unitRef="USD">15406000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000704"
      unitRef="USD">-2311000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000705"
      unitRef="USD">17165000</us-gaap:OperatingIncomeLoss>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000707"
      unitRef="USD">735000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000708"
      unitRef="USD">693000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000709"
      unitRef="USD">1440000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000710"
      unitRef="USD">2148000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000711"
      unitRef="USD">31000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000712"
      unitRef="USD">5047000</us-gaap:DepreciationAndAmortization>
    <us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000714">&lt;p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock_zdrSTvyadFFf" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
3&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_826_zef2NSw1bCNc"&gt;Revenue Recognition&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company earns revenue from contracts with customers, primarily through the provision of retail telecommunications and payment offerings
as well as wholesale international voice and SMS termination. BOSS Money, NRS, and net2phone are technology-driven, synergistic businesses
that leverage the Company&#x2019;s core assets. BOSS Money&#x2019;s and NRS&#x2019; revenues are primarily recognized at a point in time,
and net2phone&#x2019;s revenue is mainly recognized over time. Traditional Communications&#x2019; offerings are mostly minute-based, paid-voice
communications services, and revenue is primarily recognized at a point in time. The Company&#x2019;s most significant revenue streams
are from IDT Digital Payments, BOSS Revolution, and IDT Global. IDT Digital Payments and BOSS Revolution are sold direct-to-consumer
and through distributors and retailers.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Disaggregated
Revenues&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_zRhzElQV0hFg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table shows the Company&#x2019;s revenues disaggregated by business segment and service offered to customers:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zJmfYSmG2Irc" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240801__20241031_zeNu84q3B9U5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zeBsyCFKgOk6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zkQNp5dgtase" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;National
    Retail Solutions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;30,362&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;23,995&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zFcQiMaTV6G7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -1.35pt; padding-left: 11.55pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BOSS
    Money&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;33,693&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;24,239&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zFMZbBNLOm1l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -1.35pt; padding-left: 11.55pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,377&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,324&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zA9rhJ1irVg2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -0.15in; padding-left: 12pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total
    Fintech&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;37,070&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;26,563&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_z59GnQjYNwZg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -9.6pt; padding-left: 0.15in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;net2phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;21,620&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;19,927&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTDigitalPaymentsMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zgWXAzEDGtfc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;IDT Digital Payments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;105,119&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100,038&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zSA3wImlyLXe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BOSS Revolution&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;56,842&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;71,170&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTGlobalMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zt6m7NMmwXM3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;IDT Global&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;52,375&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;52,034&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_z3O7dSEt3Nn8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 9.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6,178&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,478&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zwulr7VPOv5e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -10.3pt; padding-left: 11.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total
    Traditional Communications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;220,514&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;230,720&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zOZnbQ9thnA7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: 0.7pt; padding-left: 0.15in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;309,566&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;301,205&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zmI4HPb71nYk" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: 0.7pt; padding-left: 0.15in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;309,566&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;301,205&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A0_zKHEXZdz6DLe" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_zsuBFbqsoR3g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The
following table shows the Company&#x2019;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zVOWjyMAytNb" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BA_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zauJRBtRr811" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;National
    Retail Solutions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zr4jchhupaTj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Fintech&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_zF7k1H2fsPHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;net2phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_ziTMXaoOnUXd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Traditional
    Communications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_zlFDD9Z7jbz" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three Months Ended October 31, 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_437_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zgG4Nc0umrhg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 35%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;United States&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;30,362&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;35,889&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,293&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;165,221&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;243,765&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_435_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zHVdTjDmUyb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0762"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0763"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0764"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;47,957&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;47,957&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_436_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ztzT8xAz6kZh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0768"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,181&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;9,327&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,336&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;17,844&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_438_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zmqslYvisWC3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total
    outside the United States&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0774"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,181&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;9,327&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;55,293&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;65,801&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_437_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zJ1jAURaDqV6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;30,362&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;37,070&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;21,620&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;220,514&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;309,566&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BA_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zhKPGa4kxAbg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;National
    Retail Solutions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zm63IGPMffvj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Fintech&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_ziY0yqajcgu9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;net2phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zsep3mO0QrJ2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Traditional
    Communications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_z4SAjdujXB7a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three Months Ended October 31, 2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_437_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zDwvIy3oVeg1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 35%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;United States&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;23,995&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;25,834&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;10,688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;163,068&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;223,585&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_434_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zkgHpn6AOi57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0792"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0793"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0794"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;58,843&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;58,843&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_433_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zWnSa3jVBjc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0798"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;729&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;9,239&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;8,809&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;18,777&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_431_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zNRVCJ50tH5h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total
    outside the United States&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0804"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;729&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;9,239&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;67,652&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;77,620&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_436_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_z6Gs4DPhDVPh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;23,995&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;26,563&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;19,927&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;230,720&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;301,205&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_43E_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ztZ1C7ynCRAi" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;23,995&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;26,563&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;19,927&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;230,720&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;301,205&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AA_zHwXOeHPwo99" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Remaining
Performance Obligations&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock_ziNyHAU5FH41" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table includes revenue by business segment expected to be recognized in the future from performance obligations that were unsatisfied
or partially unsatisfied as of October 31, 2024. The table excludes contracts that had an original expected duration of one year or less.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BC_zaBnNKrHJDo5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20241031__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zNCZ2nuEB754" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;National
    Retail Solutions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20241031__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zxTem6WAEtR6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;net2phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20241031_zImR63AYFXZf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Twelve-month period ending October 31:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2025-11-01_zfaDgn0WdKr2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 46%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2025-11-01_ztdpkDsGzpF" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P1Y"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0828"&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6,920&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;39,399&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;46,319&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2026-11-01_z0WWRwBkhBW9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2026-11-01_zGWnKkFjjH11" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P1Y"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0834"&gt;2026&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,743&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;19,095&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;24,838&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2027-11-01_zoeXEG8T2g0h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2027-11-01_zcsJlNWK5Pmc" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P0Y"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0840"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,545&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,284&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,829&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2024-10-31_zlus9PvKtmd7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2024-10-31_zWEXDwNGCsQl" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P0Y"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0846"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;18,208&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;65,778&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;83,986&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AB_zTx3wCE3Ouig" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Accounts
Receivable and Contract Balances&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
timing of revenue recognition may differ from the time of billing to the Company&#x2019;s customers. Trade accounts receivable in the
Company&#x2019;s consolidated balance sheets represent unconditional rights to consideration. The Company would record a contract asset
when revenue is recognized in advance of its right to bill and receive consideration. The Company has not currently identified any contract
assets.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Contract
liabilities arise when the Company receives consideration or bills its customers prior to providing the goods or services promised in
the contract. The Company&#x2019;s contract liability balance is primarily payments received for prepaid BOSS Revolution. Contract liabilities
are recognized as revenue when services are provided to the customer. The contract liability balances are presented in the Company&#x2019;s
consolidated balance sheets as &#x201c;Deferred revenue&#x201d;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_zF47CxzOzL29" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table presents information about the Company&#x2019;s contract liability balance:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zH3oOzmzAFhd" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Information About Contract Liabilities&lt;/span&gt; &#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20240801__20241031_zd83Ixy1NsOh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20230801__20231031_z6QbBvWAPVFc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn3n3_zmXd12O9K6Ad" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Revenue
    recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;13,600&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;16,089&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A7_zSNOgkgHrand" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Deferred
Customer Contract Acquisition and Fulfillment Costs&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company recognizes as an asset its incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer that it expects to recover. The Company&#x2019;s
incremental costs of obtaining a contract with a customer are sales commissions paid to employees and third parties on sales to end users.
If the amortization period were one year or less for the asset that would be recognized from deferring these costs, the Company applies
the practical expedient whereby the Company charges these costs to expense when incurred.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s costs to fulfill its contracts do not meet the criteria to be recognized as an asset, therefore these costs are charged
to expense as incurred.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_z8fPqxNshWUf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BC_z7s9MZQHT341" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Deferred
Customer Contract Acquisition Costs&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20241031_z6cYDaU3EBt8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October 31,&lt;br/&gt;
    2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20240731_ztE7iDOJgIP6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July 31,&lt;br/&gt;
    2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zO91caBJexCh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Deferred customer
    contract acquisition costs included in &#x201c;Other current assets&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,948&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,823&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zewGvE1GiqSc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Deferred
    customer contract acquisition costs included in &#x201c;Other assets&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,549&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,276&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCCNzHg2_zMBG7kn3O2Di" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;9,497&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;9,099&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;



&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A5_zhwxG4ir6wD6" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_891_ecustom--AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_zqUP8ojatLJ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs during the periods were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zCQcXqcN7N57" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240801__20241031_zqzvP79ubMog" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zfDh0L9Hzv9d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn3n3_zd9o1teLWWX7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Amortization
    of deferred customer contract acquisition costs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,498&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,215&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A8_zSgsOIHXQt6h" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:RevenueFromContractWithCustomerTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000716">&lt;p id="xdx_89F_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock_zRhzElQV0hFg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table shows the Company&#x2019;s revenues disaggregated by business segment and service offered to customers:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zJmfYSmG2Irc" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Business Segment and Service Offered to Customers&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240801__20241031_zeNu84q3B9U5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zeBsyCFKgOk6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zkQNp5dgtase" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;National
    Retail Solutions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;30,362&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;23,995&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zFcQiMaTV6G7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; text-indent: -1.35pt; padding-left: 11.55pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BOSS
    Money&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;33,693&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;24,239&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zFMZbBNLOm1l" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -1.35pt; padding-left: 11.55pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;3,377&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;2,324&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--FintechMember_zA9rhJ1irVg2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -0.15in; padding-left: 12pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total
    Fintech&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;37,070&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;26,563&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_z59GnQjYNwZg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -9.6pt; padding-left: 0.15in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;net2phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;21,620&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;19,927&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTDigitalPaymentsMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zgWXAzEDGtfc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;IDT Digital Payments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;105,119&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;100,038&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--BOSSRevolutionMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zSA3wImlyLXe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;BOSS Revolution&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;56,842&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;71,170&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--IDTGlobalMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zt6m7NMmwXM3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; text-indent: 9.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;IDT Global&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;52,375&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;52,034&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hsrt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--OtherMember__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_z3O7dSEt3Nn8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: 9.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6,178&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,478&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zwulr7VPOv5e" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-indent: -10.3pt; padding-left: 11.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total
    Traditional Communications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;220,514&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;230,720&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zOZnbQ9thnA7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: 0.7pt; padding-left: 0.15in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;309,566&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;301,205&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zmI4HPb71nYk" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-indent: 0.7pt; padding-left: 0.15in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;309,566&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;301,205&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfEntityWideInformationRevenueFromExternalCustomersByProductsAndServicesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember42971156"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000718"
      unitRef="USD">30362000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000719"
      unitRef="USD">23995000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000721"
      unitRef="USD">33693000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMoneyTransferMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000722"
      unitRef="USD">24239000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000724"
      unitRef="USD">3377000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000725"
      unitRef="USD">2324000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000727"
      unitRef="USD">37070000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000728"
      unitRef="USD">26563000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000730"
      unitRef="USD">21620000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000731"
      unitRef="USD">19927000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000733"
      unitRef="USD">105119000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTDigitalPaymentsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000734"
      unitRef="USD">100038000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000736"
      unitRef="USD">56842000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_BOSSRevolutionMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000737"
      unitRef="USD">71170000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000739"
      unitRef="USD">52375000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTGlobalMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000740"
      unitRef="USD">52034000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000742"
      unitRef="USD">6178000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OtherMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000743"
      unitRef="USD">7478000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000745"
      unitRef="USD">220514000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000746"
      unitRef="USD">230720000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000748"
      unitRef="USD">309566000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000749"
      unitRef="USD">301205000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000751"
      unitRef="USD">309566000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000752"
      unitRef="USD">301205000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000754">&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock_zsuBFbqsoR3g" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font: normal 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;The
following table shows the Company&#x2019;s revenues disaggregated by geographic region, which is determined based on selling location:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zVOWjyMAytNb" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Revenues Disaggregated by Geographic Region&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: normal"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BA_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zauJRBtRr811" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;National
    Retail Solutions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zr4jchhupaTj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Fintech&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_zF7k1H2fsPHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;net2phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_ziTMXaoOnUXd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Traditional
    Communications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_zlFDD9Z7jbz" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three Months Ended October 31, 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_437_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zgG4Nc0umrhg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 35%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;United States&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;30,362&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;35,889&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,293&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;165,221&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;243,765&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_435_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zHVdTjDmUyb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0762"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0763"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0764"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;47,957&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;47,957&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_436_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ztzT8xAz6kZh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0768"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,181&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;9,327&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,336&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;17,844&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_438_c20240801__20241031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zmqslYvisWC3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total
    outside the United States&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0774"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;1,181&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;9,327&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;55,293&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;65,801&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_437_c20240801__20241031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zJ1jAURaDqV6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;30,362&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;37,070&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;21,620&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;220,514&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;309,566&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BA_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zhKPGa4kxAbg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;National
    Retail Solutions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--FintechMember_zm63IGPMffvj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Fintech&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B9_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--Net2phoneMember_ziY0yqajcgu9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;net2phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4B8_us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis_custom--TraditionalCommunicationsMember_zsep3mO0QrJ2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Traditional
    Communications&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_4BF_z4SAjdujXB7a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three Months Ended October 31, 2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_437_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--US_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zDwvIy3oVeg1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 35%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;United States&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;23,995&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;25,834&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;10,688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;163,068&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 9%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;223,585&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Outside the United States:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_434_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__country--GB_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zkgHpn6AOi57" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;United Kingdom&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0792"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0793"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0794"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;58,843&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;58,843&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_433_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__custom--OthersMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zWnSa3jVBjc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0798"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;729&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;9,239&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;8,809&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;18,777&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_431_c20230801__20231031__srt--StatementGeographicalAxis__us-gaap--NonUsMember_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_zNRVCJ50tH5h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total
    outside the United States&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0804"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;729&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;9,239&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;67,652&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;77,620&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_436_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_z6Gs4DPhDVPh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;23,995&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;26,563&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;19,927&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;230,720&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;301,205&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_43E_c20230801__20231031_eus-gaap--Revenues_pn3n3_ztZ1C7ynCRAi" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Revenues&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;23,995&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;26,563&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;19,927&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;230,720&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;301,205&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:RevenueFromExternalCustomersByGeographicAreasTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000756"
      unitRef="USD">30362000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000757"
      unitRef="USD">35889000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000758"
      unitRef="USD">12293000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000759"
      unitRef="USD">165221000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000760"
      unitRef="USD">243765000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000765"
      unitRef="USD">47957000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_country_GB"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000766"
      unitRef="USD">47957000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000769"
      unitRef="USD">1181000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000770"
      unitRef="USD">9327000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000771"
      unitRef="USD">7336000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000772"
      unitRef="USD">17844000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000775"
      unitRef="USD">1181000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000776"
      unitRef="USD">9327000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000777"
      unitRef="USD">55293000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000778"
      unitRef="USD">65801000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember42971156"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000780"
      unitRef="USD">30362000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000781"
      unitRef="USD">37070000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000782"
      unitRef="USD">21620000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000783"
      unitRef="USD">220514000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000784"
      unitRef="USD">309566000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000786"
      unitRef="USD">23995000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000787"
      unitRef="USD">25834000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000788"
      unitRef="USD">10688000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000789"
      unitRef="USD">163068000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_US"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000790"
      unitRef="USD">223585000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000795"
      unitRef="USD">58843000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_country_GB"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000796"
      unitRef="USD">58843000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000799"
      unitRef="USD">729000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000800"
      unitRef="USD">9239000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000801"
      unitRef="USD">8809000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_OthersMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000802"
      unitRef="USD">18777000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000805"
      unitRef="USD">729000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000806"
      unitRef="USD">9239000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000807"
      unitRef="USD">67652000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_NonUsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000808"
      unitRef="USD">77620000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000810"
      unitRef="USD">23995000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000811"
      unitRef="USD">26563000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000812"
      unitRef="USD">19927000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000813"
      unitRef="USD">230720000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000814"
      unitRef="USD">301205000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000816"
      unitRef="USD">23995000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_FintechMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000817"
      unitRef="USD">26563000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000818"
      unitRef="USD">19927000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_TraditionalCommunicationsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000819"
      unitRef="USD">230720000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:Revenues
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000820"
      unitRef="USD">301205000</us-gaap:Revenues>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000822">&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock_ziNyHAU5FH41" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table includes revenue by business segment expected to be recognized in the future from performance obligations that were unsatisfied
or partially unsatisfied as of October 31, 2024. The table excludes contracts that had an original expected duration of one year or less.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BC_zaBnNKrHJDo5" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Estimated Revenue by Business Segment&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20241031__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zNCZ2nuEB754" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;National
    Retail Solutions&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20241031__us-gaap--StatementBusinessSegmentsAxis__custom--Net2phoneMember_zxTem6WAEtR6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;net2phone&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20241031_zImR63AYFXZf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Twelve-month period ending October 31:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2025-11-01_zfaDgn0WdKr2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 46%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2025-11-01_ztdpkDsGzpF" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P1Y"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0828"&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;6,920&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;39,399&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;46,319&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2026-11-01_z0WWRwBkhBW9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2026-11-01_zGWnKkFjjH11" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P1Y"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0834"&gt;2026&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,743&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;19,095&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;24,838&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2027-11-01_zoeXEG8T2g0h" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2027-11-01_zcsJlNWK5Pmc" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P0Y"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0840"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;5,545&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;7,284&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;12,829&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_iI_hus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2024-10-31_zlus9PvKtmd7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_iI_dxL_c20241031__us-gaap--RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionStartDateAxis__2024-10-31_zWEXDwNGCsQl" title="Remaining Performance Obligations, Years::XDX::P0Y"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0846"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;18,208&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;65,778&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;83,986&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2025-11-01"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000824"
      unitRef="USD">6920000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2025-11-01"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000825"
      unitRef="USD">39399000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2025-11-01"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000826"
      unitRef="USD">46319000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2026-11-01"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000830"
      unitRef="USD">5743000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2026-11-01"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000831"
      unitRef="USD">19095000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2026-11-01"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000832"
      unitRef="USD">24838000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2027-11-01"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000836"
      unitRef="USD">5545000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2027-11-01"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000837"
      unitRef="USD">7284000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2027-11-01"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000838"
      unitRef="USD">12829000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember_2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000842"
      unitRef="USD">18208000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_Net2phoneMember_2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000843"
      unitRef="USD">65778000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
    <us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000844"
      unitRef="USD">83986000</us-gaap:RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation>
    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000848">&lt;p id="xdx_89B_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock_zF47CxzOzL29" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table presents information about the Company&#x2019;s contract liability balance:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zH3oOzmzAFhd" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Information About Contract Liabilities&lt;/span&gt; &#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_499_20240801__20241031_zd83Ixy1NsOh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20230801__20231031_z6QbBvWAPVFc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_pn3n3_zmXd12O9K6Ad" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;Revenue
    recognized in the period from amounts included in the contract liability balance at the beginning of the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;13,600&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;16,089&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerAssetAndLiabilityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000850"
      unitRef="USD">13600000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized>
    <us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000851"
      unitRef="USD">16089000</us-gaap:ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000853">&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock_z8fPqxNshWUf" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s deferred customer contract acquisition costs were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BC_z7s9MZQHT341" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Deferred
Customer Contract Acquisition Costs&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20241031_z6cYDaU3EBt8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October 31,&lt;br/&gt;
    2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20240731_ztE7iDOJgIP6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July 31,&lt;br/&gt;
    2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zO91caBJexCh" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Deferred customer
    contract acquisition costs included in &#x201c;Other current assets&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,948&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,823&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maCCCNzHg2_zewGvE1GiqSc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Deferred
    customer contract acquisition costs included in &#x201c;Other assets&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,549&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,276&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostNet_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCCNzHg2_zMBG7kn3O2Di" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;9,497&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;9,099&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;



&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000855"
      unitRef="USD">4948000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000856"
      unitRef="USD">4823000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetCurrent>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000858"
      unitRef="USD">4549000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000859"
      unitRef="USD">4276000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNetNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000861"
      unitRef="USD">9497000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000862"
      unitRef="USD">9099000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostNet>
    <IDT:AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000864">&lt;p id="xdx_891_ecustom--AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock_zqUP8ojatLJ7" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s amortization of deferred customer contract acquisition costs during the periods were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zCQcXqcN7N57" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Amortization of Deferred Customer Contract Acquisition Costs&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240801__20241031_zqzvP79ubMog" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zfDh0L9Hzv9d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--CapitalizedContractCostAmortization_pn3n3_zd9o1teLWWX7" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Amortization
    of deferred customer contract acquisition costs&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,498&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,215&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:AmortizationOfDeferredCustomerContractAcquisitionCostsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000866"
      unitRef="USD">1498000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization>
    <us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000867"
      unitRef="USD">1215000</us-gaap:CapitalizedContractCostAmortization>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000869">&lt;p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_znaFrpO7pjT5" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
4&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_827_zOPiNGr1uGik"&gt;Leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s leases primarily consist of operating leases for office space. These leases have remaining terms from less than &lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dxL_c20241031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MinimumMember_zlTmiJj7ja3d" title="Lessee, operating lease, term of contract::XDX::P1Y"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0871"&gt;one year&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
to approximately &lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract_iI_dc_c20241031__srt--RangeAxis__srt--MaximumMember_zn5WBKQOWk9b" title="Lessee, operating lease, term of contract"&gt;five years&lt;/span&gt;. Certain of these leases contain renewal options that may be exercised and/or options to terminate the lease. The Company
has concluded that it is not reasonably certain that it would exercise any of these options.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zDfkMcN1jNgb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#x2019;s operating leases were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_ztO6McD2FYVg" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Supplemental
Disclosures Related to the Company&#x2019;s Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20240801__20241031_zdP7ZADFTyG1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20230801__20231031_zbRH4D4E7sHh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn3n3_z55qfi6WLOa3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating lease
    cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;601&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;758&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ShortTermLeaseCost_pn3n3_zZcvLSCF7QP9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Short-term
    lease cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;258&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;326&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_pn3n3_z1GPA7qkvSKb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    lease cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;859&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,084&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included
    in the measurement of lease liabilities:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zjYuzjboLDTc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
    cash flows from operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;614&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;791&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zTq3bEbLceb7" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;614&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;791&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A8_zMFQqFXljkq2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_893_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zhdviNaAKtc9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zWAeTzN3vdle" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October
                                            31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
                                            31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Weighted-average
    remaining lease term-operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20241031_zTVdUZN6eME9" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term"&gt;2.5&lt;/span&gt;
                                            years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20240731_zy1jB6cVoj0e" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term"&gt;2.6&lt;/span&gt;
                                            years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Weighted-average
    discount rate-operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20241031_zBo7DnU9Odl5" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent"&gt;5.7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20240731_z09EY1Yclooa" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent"&gt;5.6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AB_zTxhnt29aFQ2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company obtained right-of-use assets of $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031_zhTqlC7wOe4f" title="Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities"&gt;0.4&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031_zkb4Wsp4zAjf" title="Right of use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities"&gt;0.1&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively,
in exchange for new operating lease liabilities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89B_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zsGs857t9vh2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s aggregate operating lease liability was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zazlYJ97rgW2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Aggregate
Operating Lease Liability&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20241031_ze4vFJ4splrl" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October
                                            31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240731_zcBnjq466lU" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
                                            31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zvN0JlMT8z8j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating lease
    liabilities included in &#x201c;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_iI_dxL_c20240731_zrS103F82HI6" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherLiabilitiesCurrent"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_iI_dxL_c20241031_zxW4U7OW2K16" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherLiabilitiesCurrent"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0910"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0911"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,640&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,866&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zVVirZdyfuE9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
    lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,566&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,533&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzDbj_z5Qi265PMjg9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,206&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,399&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AA_zIsiDVlBQw13" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zZVGHGkVXHo1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_zj958iyN33mh" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20241031_zvkBjO71tjPe"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Twelve-month period ending October 31:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zeY0PKqxdgQl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 84%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,768&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zHBYaB8B6zMd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2026&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;801&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z1z3sD6E9Ihl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2027&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z2AkBfjJNvN4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2028&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;198&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z4G9ghN7z602" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2029&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;186&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zbttOgIBTord" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 0pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzXtU_zoSDAKqd5Ot9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    lease payments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,468&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zZxu6sqW0NVl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Less
    imputed interest&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(262&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    operating lease liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,206&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_srt_MaximumMember"
      id="Fact000873">P5Y</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseTermOfContract>
    <us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000875">&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--LeaseCostTableTextBlock_zDfkMcN1jNgb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Supplemental
disclosures related to the Company&#x2019;s operating leases were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_ztO6McD2FYVg" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Supplemental
Disclosures Related to the Company&#x2019;s Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20240801__20241031_zdP7ZADFTyG1" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20230801__20231031_zbRH4D4E7sHh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2024&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2023&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseCost_pn3n3_z55qfi6WLOa3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating lease
    cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;601&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;758&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--ShortTermLeaseCost_pn3n3_zZcvLSCF7QP9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Short-term
    lease cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;258&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;326&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LeaseCost_pn3n3_z1GPA7qkvSKb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    lease cost&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;859&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,084&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included
    in the measurement of lease liabilities:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zjYuzjboLDTc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
    cash flows from operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;614&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;791&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--OperatingLeasePayments_pn3n3_zTq3bEbLceb7" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: Operating cash flows from operating leases &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;614&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;791&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:LeaseCostTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000877"
      unitRef="USD">601000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000878"
      unitRef="USD">758000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000880"
      unitRef="USD">258000</us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000881"
      unitRef="USD">326000</us-gaap:ShortTermLeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:LeaseCost
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000883"
      unitRef="USD">859000</us-gaap:LeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:LeaseCost
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000884"
      unitRef="USD">1084000</us-gaap:LeaseCost>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000886"
      unitRef="USD">614000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000887"
      unitRef="USD">791000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000889"
      unitRef="USD">614000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000890"
      unitRef="USD">791000</us-gaap:OperatingLeasePayments>
    <IDT:ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000892">&lt;p id="xdx_893_ecustom--ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock_zhdviNaAKtc9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zWAeTzN3vdle" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Supplemental Disclosure Related Weighted Average Operating Leases&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October
                                            31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
                                            31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Weighted-average
    remaining lease term-operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20241031_zTVdUZN6eME9" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term"&gt;2.5&lt;/span&gt;
                                            years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1_iI_dtY_c20240731_zy1jB6cVoj0e" title="Operating lease, weighted average remaining lease term"&gt;2.6&lt;/span&gt;
                                            years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Weighted-average
    discount rate-operating leases&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20241031_zBo7DnU9Odl5" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent"&gt;5.7&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent_iI_pid_dp_uPure_c20240731_z09EY1Yclooa" title="Operating lease, weighted average discount rate, percent"&gt;5.6&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;%&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:ScheduleOfSupplementalDisclosuresRelatedWeightedAverageOperatingLeasesTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1 contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31" id="Fact000894">P2Y6M</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1 contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31" id="Fact000896">P2Y7M6D</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageRemainingLeaseTerm1>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000898"
      unitRef="Pure">0.057</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact000900"
      unitRef="Pure">0.056</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseWeightedAverageDiscountRatePercent>
    <us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact000902"
      unitRef="USD">400000</us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact000904"
      unitRef="USD">100000</us-gaap:RightOfUseAssetObtainedInExchangeForOperatingLeaseLiability>
    <IDT:ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000906">&lt;p id="xdx_89B_ecustom--ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock_zsGs857t9vh2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s aggregate operating lease liability was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zazlYJ97rgW2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Aggregate
Operating Lease Liability&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49C_20241031_ze4vFJ4splrl" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October
                                            31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240731_zcBnjq466lU" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
                                            31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zvN0JlMT8z8j" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating lease
    liabilities included in &#x201c;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_iI_dxL_c20240731_zrS103F82HI6" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherLiabilitiesCurrent"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrentStatementOfFinancialPositionExtensibleList_iI_dxL_c20241031_zxW4U7OW2K16" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherLiabilitiesCurrent"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0910"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0911"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&#x201d;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,640&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,866&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3_maOLLzDbj_zVVirZdyfuE9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Operating
    lease liabilities included in noncurrent liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,566&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,533&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iTI_pn3n3_mtOLLzDbj_z5Qi265PMjg9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,206&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,399&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:ScheduleOfOperatingLeaseLiabilityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000908"
      unitRef="USD">1640000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000909"
      unitRef="USD">1866000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000913"
      unitRef="USD">1566000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000914"
      unitRef="USD">1533000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000916"
      unitRef="USD">3206000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000917"
      unitRef="USD">3399000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000919">&lt;p id="xdx_890_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock_zZVGHGkVXHo1" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Future
minimum maturities of operating lease liabilities were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_zj958iyN33mh" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Future Minimum Maturities of Operating Lease Liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_490_20241031_zvkBjO71tjPe"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Twelve-month period ending October 31:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zeY0PKqxdgQl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 84%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2025&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,768&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zHBYaB8B6zMd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2026&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;801&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z1z3sD6E9Ihl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2027&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z2AkBfjJNvN4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2028&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;198&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_z4G9ghN7z602" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2029&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;186&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive_iI_pn3n3_maLOLLPzXtU_zbttOgIBTord" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 0pt; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Thereafter&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;15&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue_iTI_pn3n3_mtLOLLPzXtU_zoSDAKqd5Ot9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    lease payments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,468&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount_iNI_pn3n3_di_zZxu6sqW0NVl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 0pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Less
    imputed interest&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(262&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--OperatingLeaseLiability_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    operating lease liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,206&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityMaturityTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000921"
      unitRef="USD">1768000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueNextRollingTwelveMonths>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000923"
      unitRef="USD">801000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearTwo>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000925"
      unitRef="USD">500000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearThree>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000927"
      unitRef="USD">198000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFour>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000929"
      unitRef="USD">186000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueInRollingYearFive>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000931"
      unitRef="USD">15000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDueAfterRollingYearFive>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000933"
      unitRef="USD">3468000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityPaymentsDue>
    <us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000935"
      unitRef="USD">262000</us-gaap:LesseeOperatingLeaseLiabilityUndiscountedExcessAmount>
    <us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000937"
      unitRef="USD">3206000</us-gaap:OperatingLeaseLiability>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000939">&lt;p id="xdx_808_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_ztOzR4wOcAGj" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
5&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_824_zaiCNvskF4K9"&gt;Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zUXpxGnJoin2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zZp4yESkbK7g" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20241031_z90I9ocNykza" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240731_zyu8Ah67vxL" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zDJxy9OxDKg6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash and cash
    equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;148,019&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;164,557&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zY4ZCwbhezPc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Restricted
    cash and cash equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;95,194&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;90,899&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzDIV_zKRbuuxeHqB1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;243,213&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;255,456&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AC_zfNWTm5udUe8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock_zWeUfuYIWPQd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;Restricted cash and cash equivalents included the following:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_zRu8LkopQAfg" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
                                            of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20241031_zvTniIPo4Qn8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20240731_ztBPWRhltbNf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember_zCHluQZ5guj9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;IDT Financial Services (Gibraltar)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;79,747&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;83,284&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__custom--DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember_zgEkTARzdvzj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Disbursement payments VIE&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15,289&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,426&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentOtherMember_zODRAvAh6bY2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;158&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;189&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_zoq7I4fBXHXg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total restricted cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;95,194&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;90,899&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;
&lt;p id="xdx_8A4_zRUS391hW9n9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Certain of the electronic money financial services regulations
in Gibraltar require IDT Financial Services to safeguard cash held for customer deposits, segregate cash held for customer deposits from
any other cash that IDT Financial Services holds and utilize the cash only for the intended payment transaction. In addition, the VIE is contractually required to use customer funds only for the customers&#x2019; pending money
disbursements.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000941">&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock_zUXpxGnJoin2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents reported in the consolidated
balance sheets that equals the total of the same amounts reported in the consolidated statements of cash flows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zZp4yESkbK7g" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20241031_z90I9ocNykza" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240731_zyu8Ah67vxL" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zDJxy9OxDKg6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Cash and cash
    equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;148,019&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;164,557&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3_maCCERCzDIV_zY4ZCwbhezPc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Restricted
    cash and cash equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;95,194&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;90,899&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_iTI_pn3n3_mtCCERCzDIV_zKRbuuxeHqB1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total
    cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;243,213&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;255,456&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfCashAndCashEquivalentsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000943"
      unitRef="USD">148019000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000944"
      unitRef="USD">164557000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000946"
      unitRef="USD">95194000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000947"
      unitRef="USD">90899000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000949"
      unitRef="USD">243213000</us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000950"
      unitRef="USD">255456000</us-gaap:CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000952">&lt;p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock_zWeUfuYIWPQd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;Restricted cash and cash equivalents included the following:&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_zRu8LkopQAfg" style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Schedule
                                            of Restricted Cash And Cash Equivalents&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;
&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20241031_zvTniIPo4Qn8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20240731_ztBPWRhltbNf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__custom--IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember_zCHluQZ5guj9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;IDT Financial Services (Gibraltar)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;79,747&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;83,284&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__custom--DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember_zgEkTARzdvzj" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Disbursement payments VIE&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15,289&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,426&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--FinancialInstrumentAxis__us-gaap--FinancialInstrumentOtherMember_zODRAvAh6bY2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;158&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;189&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents_iI_pn3n3_zoq7I4fBXHXg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total restricted cash and cash equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;95,194&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;90,899&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;
</us-gaap:ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000954"
      unitRef="USD">79747000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_IDTFinancialServicesGibraltarMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000955"
      unitRef="USD">83284000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000957"
      unitRef="USD">15289000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_DisbursementPaymentsVIEMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000958"
      unitRef="USD">7426000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000960"
      unitRef="USD">158000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FinancialInstrumentOtherMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000961"
      unitRef="USD">189000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000963"
      unitRef="USD">95194000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000964"
      unitRef="USD">90899000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalents>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000966">&lt;p id="xdx_803_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock_zQyKOpav7hDg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
6&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82C_zKp1GkOSJ828"&gt;Debt Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_z1QJU7yVZkGk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zEsdWg814bUj" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Amortized
    Cost&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Gross
    Unrealized Gains&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Gross
    Unrealized Losses&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
    Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October 31, 2024:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; width: 36%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zBpbcUDY0BL3" style="text-align: right; width: 12%" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;20,568&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zBvrBqGu0BVe" style="text-align: right; width: 12%" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zyG8KOSFG4b4" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zmdBBpTdUMOe" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;20,532&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Government
    sponsored enterprise notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_znYHmjRhmJDg" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,342&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zeqKFumxp8s5" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_z0pieVzClFEh" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0979"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zzG4cKqLY7Td" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,343&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zz57wj3SgHKh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zir8mO5nMAA3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zkUfUr62ae2c" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(290&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zyEqiAeJpJi2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,399&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_z8lcQdESimdi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;27,598&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zNnEyhSDZLVb" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;18&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031_zeFzHm82oCm2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(342&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zADO7qzqaGJl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;27,274&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July 31, 2024:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zYW7uTE9cQP6" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,641&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zK0mJqMKkWVi" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zvfCdddoMrC1" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(66&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_ztm2WxcS1la4" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,585&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Government
    sponsored enterprise notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zLULUTXdcCyh" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,356&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zDqcKdTb5X9i" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1002"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zCRNbeUeASK5" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zsZEQtcsBX7i" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,353&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zaG5pxiTYbBl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,821&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zmLWNay04lXj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z7XFlvw7bsfb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(322&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_ztdKOb9OtTHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zuAMRwrsjFVk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;23,818&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_ziHlxkpXBEIc" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731_zYSgqj88ASQ8" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(391&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_z7qzV8Zulon2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;23,438&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A6_zt0BF0OIlhn5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
gross unrealized losses in the table above are recorded in &#x201c;Accumulated other comprehensive loss&#x201d; in the consolidated balance
sheets. As of October 31, 2024, the Company determined that the unrealized losses were due to changes in interest rates or market liquidity
and were not due to credit losses. In addition, as of October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company did not intend to sell any of the
securities with unrealized losses, and it is not more likely than not that the Company will be required to sell any of these securities
before recovery of the unrealized losses, which may be at maturity.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Proceeds
from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemptions of equity investments were $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031_zD5Ppy1xDG59" title="Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale"&gt;9.9&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031_zKRYGofY7Tvb" title="Proceeds from sale and maturity of debt securities, available-for-sale"&gt;17.1&lt;/span&gt; million in the three
months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, respectively. There were no realized gains or realized losses from sales of debt securities in
the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023. The Company uses the specific identification method in computing the realized gains
and realized losses on the sales of debt securities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_zDMYN6CAxXsc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
The contractual maturities of the Company&#x2019;s available-for-sale debt securities at October 31, 2024 were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B9_zu825T1AbdK6" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20241031_zaKMruZH7Xjk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
    Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in
                                            thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zYjfgAQsHb02" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Within one year&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;20,752&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zvels4SupvR8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;After one year through five
    years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,562&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zv5Yo7ZXK3K" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;After five years through ten
    years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;923&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_z2EwPkWZ1Ppl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;After
    ten years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;37&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDz3sI_z0sjVDktA9Hc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;27,274&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A1_zmQIawOEpR39" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zFZZtJixcDDd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table includes the fair value of the Company&#x2019;s available-for-sale debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BF_z3omZCr3WT7b" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unrealized
    Losses&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
    Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October 31, 2024:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; width: 68%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zuD1NCeD3WJg" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z7GamBuAj6xi" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;11,915&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zqrdfzxk894i" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;290&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z4CLYOa7xhRf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,280&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zeRR9w7Z3Myh" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;342&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zCFjs55piE9a" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;15,195&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July 31, 2024:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z0fF3iYwJP79" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;66&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z1sqRPC2zvB9" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,936&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Government
    sponsored enterprise notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__custom--GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_zNP8H8qxymSk" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__custom--GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_zW1hwPLK5DHf" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,634&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zKs8I8lBuHCl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;322&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zvAEEmYUhDQc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,310&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zQTRfAX2cIDi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;391&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_za5dZKylHO21" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;18,880&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A5_zCAMDrwlfkeg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock_z69u2gw05c79" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months
or longer:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_z1gMDfCg5hM9" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unrealized
    Losses&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
    Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October 31, 2024:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S.
    Treasury bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zyplVtPMaBtl" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;42&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zUgN7OazvbFg" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,306&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zErjDNgBpbwj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;275&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zE3zVojLMBib" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,108&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zJsb5r9Bw1r6" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;317&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_z0FZtK4sMRf2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair Value"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,414&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July 31, 2024:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zUzxIPiBjeV2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zB0HJWAhmRpb" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,827&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zAeVO2jff9Of" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;307&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zD4XZUwmAAI2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,209&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zDYqz7SVkwb9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;367&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zwdhn3uQBAqi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair Value"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,036&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AF_zswiukuMRFN3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndMarketableEquitySecuritiesAndCertainTradingAssetsDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact000968">&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock_z1QJU7yVZkGk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following is a summary of available-for-sale debt securities:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zEsdWg814bUj" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Available-for-sale Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Amortized
    Cost&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Gross
    Unrealized Gains&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Gross
    Unrealized Losses&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
    Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October 31, 2024:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; width: 36%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zBpbcUDY0BL3" style="text-align: right; width: 12%" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;20,568&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zBvrBqGu0BVe" style="text-align: right; width: 12%" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zyG8KOSFG4b4" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zmdBBpTdUMOe" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;20,532&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Government
    sponsored enterprise notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_znYHmjRhmJDg" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,342&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zeqKFumxp8s5" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_z0pieVzClFEh" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl0979"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zzG4cKqLY7Td" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,343&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zz57wj3SgHKh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,688&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zir8mO5nMAA3" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zkUfUr62ae2c" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(290&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zyEqiAeJpJi2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,399&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_z8lcQdESimdi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;27,598&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zNnEyhSDZLVb" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;18&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031_zeFzHm82oCm2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(342&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zADO7qzqaGJl" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;27,274&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July 31, 2024:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zYW7uTE9cQP6" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,641&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zK0mJqMKkWVi" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zvfCdddoMrC1" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(66&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_ztm2WxcS1la4" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;16,585&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Government
    sponsored enterprise notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zLULUTXdcCyh" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,356&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zDqcKdTb5X9i" style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1002"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zCRNbeUeASK5" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember_zsZEQtcsBX7i" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,353&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zaG5pxiTYbBl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,821&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zmLWNay04lXj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z7XFlvw7bsfb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(322&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_ztdKOb9OtTHa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,500&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zuAMRwrsjFVk" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Amortized Cost"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;23,818&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_ziHlxkpXBEIc" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Debt Securities, Available-for-Sale, Accumulated Gross Unrealized Gain, before Tax"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;11&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731_zYSgqj88ASQ8" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(391&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_z7qzV8Zulon2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;23,438&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:MarketableSecuritiesTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000970"
      unitRef="USD">20568000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000972"
      unitRef="USD">16000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000973"
      unitRef="USD">52000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000974"
      unitRef="USD">20532000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000976"
      unitRef="USD">3342000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000978"
      unitRef="USD">1000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000980"
      unitRef="USD">3343000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000982"
      unitRef="USD">3688000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000984"
      unitRef="USD">1000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000985"
      unitRef="USD">290000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000986"
      unitRef="USD">3399000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000988"
      unitRef="USD">27598000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000990"
      unitRef="USD">18000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000991"
      unitRef="USD">342000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000992"
      unitRef="USD">27274000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000994"
      unitRef="USD">16641000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000996"
      unitRef="USD">10000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000997"
      unitRef="USD">66000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact000998"
      unitRef="USD">16585000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001000"
      unitRef="USD">3356000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001003"
      unitRef="USD">3000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USGovernmentSponsoredEnterprisesDebtSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001004"
      unitRef="USD">3353000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001006"
      unitRef="USD">3821000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001008"
      unitRef="USD">1000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001009"
      unitRef="USD">322000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001010"
      unitRef="USD">3500000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001012"
      unitRef="USD">23818000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAmortizedCostBasis>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001014"
      unitRef="USD">11000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedGainBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001015"
      unitRef="USD">391000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleDebtSecuritiesAccumulatedGrossUnrealizedLossBeforeTax>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001016"
      unitRef="USD">23438000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001018"
      unitRef="USD">9900000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001020"
      unitRef="USD">17100000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfAvailableForSaleSecurities>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001022">&lt;p id="xdx_89E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock_zDMYN6CAxXsc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;
The contractual maturities of the Company&#x2019;s available-for-sale debt securities at October 31, 2024 were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B9_zu825T1AbdK6" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Contractual Maturities of Available-for-sale Debt Securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20241031_zaKMruZH7Xjk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
    Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;(in
                                            thousands)&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zYjfgAQsHb02" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 80%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Within one year&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;20,752&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zvels4SupvR8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;After one year through five
    years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,562&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_zv5Yo7ZXK3K" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;After five years through ten
    years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;923&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue_iI_pn3n3_maAFSSDz3sI_z2EwPkWZ1Ppl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;After
    ten years&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;37&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iTI_pn3n3_mtAFSSDz3sI_z0sjVDktA9Hc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;27,274&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001024"
      unitRef="USD">20752000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesWithinOneYearFairValue>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001026"
      unitRef="USD">5562000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterOneThroughFiveYearsFairValue>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001028"
      unitRef="USD">923000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterFiveThroughTenYearsFairValue>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001030"
      unitRef="USD">37000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtMaturitiesAfterTenYearsFairValue>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001032"
      unitRef="USD">27274000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001034">&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock_zFZZtJixcDDd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table includes the fair value of the Company&#x2019;s available-for-sale debt securities that were in an unrealized loss position:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BF_z3omZCr3WT7b" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Available-for-sale Securities, Unrealized Loss Position&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unrealized
    Losses&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
    Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October 31, 2024:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; width: 68%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zuD1NCeD3WJg" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;52&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z7GamBuAj6xi" style="text-align: right; width: 12%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;11,915&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left; width: 1%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zqrdfzxk894i" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;290&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_z4CLYOa7xhRf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,280&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zeRR9w7Z3Myh" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;342&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zCFjs55piE9a" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;15,195&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July 31, 2024:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z0fF3iYwJP79" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;66&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_z1sqRPC2zvB9" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;12,936&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Government
    sponsored enterprise notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__custom--GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_zNP8H8qxymSk" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__custom--GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember_zW1hwPLK5DHf" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,634&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zKs8I8lBuHCl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;322&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zvAEEmYUhDQc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,310&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zQTRfAX2cIDi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;391&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_za5dZKylHO21" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;18,880&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionFairValueTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001035"
      unitRef="USD">52000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001036"
      unitRef="USD">11915000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001037"
      unitRef="USD">290000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001038"
      unitRef="USD">3280000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001039"
      unitRef="USD">342000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001040"
      unitRef="USD">15195000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001041"
      unitRef="USD">66000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001042"
      unitRef="USD">12936000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001043"
      unitRef="USD">3000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_GovernmentSponsoredEnterpriseNotesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001044"
      unitRef="USD">2634000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001045"
      unitRef="USD">322000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001046"
      unitRef="USD">3310000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001047"
      unitRef="USD">391000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPositionAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001048"
      unitRef="USD">18880000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleUnrealizedLossPosition>
    <IDT:ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001050">&lt;p id="xdx_894_ecustom--ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock_z69u2gw05c79" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following available-for-sale debt securities included in the table above were in a continuous unrealized loss position for 12 months
or longer:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_z1gMDfCg5hM9" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Continuous Unrealized Loss Position for 12 Months or Longer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unrealized
    Losses&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Fair
    Value&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October 31, 2024:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S.
    Treasury bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zyplVtPMaBtl" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;42&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zUgN7OazvbFg" style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,306&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zErjDNgBpbwj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;275&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zE3zVojLMBib" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,108&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_zJsb5r9Bw1r6" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;317&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20241031_z0FZtK4sMRf2" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair Value"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,414&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July 31, 2024:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;U.S. Treasury
    bills and notes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zUzxIPiBjeV2" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;60&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember_zB0HJWAhmRpb" style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,827&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Corporate
    bonds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zAeVO2jff9Of" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;307&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--InformationByCategoryOfDebtSecurityAxis__us-gaap--CorporateBondSecuritiesMember_zD4XZUwmAAI2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;3,209&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 20pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zDYqz7SVkwb9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Unrealized Losses"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;367&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_985_eus-gaap--DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger_iI_pn3n3_c20240731_zwdhn3uQBAqi" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Fair Value"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;8,036&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:ScheduleOfUnrealizedLossOnInvestmentTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001051"
      unitRef="USD">42000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001052"
      unitRef="USD">2306000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001053"
      unitRef="USD">275000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001054"
      unitRef="USD">3108000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001056"
      unitRef="USD">317000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001058"
      unitRef="USD">5414000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001059"
      unitRef="USD">60000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_USTreasuryBillSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001060"
      unitRef="USD">4827000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001061"
      unitRef="USD">307000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CorporateBondSecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001062"
      unitRef="USD">3209000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001064"
      unitRef="USD">367000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLongerAccumulatedLoss>
    <us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001066"
      unitRef="USD">8036000</us-gaap:DebtSecuritiesAvailableForSaleContinuousUnrealizedLossPosition12MonthsOrLonger>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001068">&lt;p id="xdx_805_eus-gaap--InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock_z7wzIHRGcfgc" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
7&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_829_zA1fyiVAjp7g"&gt;Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89D_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zRQGh72io4ok" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity
investments consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_z9GmL1y7Qoq7" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20241031_zCh7BH5JFeY6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240731_z82GLLOWRlF9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z6dOHApki1d4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Zedge, Inc. Class
    B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_903_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_znBL7CbIgUga" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20230801__20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zw8y0HtSZRye" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;42,282&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; shares at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;130&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;153&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zgzkyRwiRM26" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class
    B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_901_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20230801__20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z4A5lzAjG22h" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_904_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zUrxVKTnZ1Df" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;278,810&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; shares at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;516&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;416&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__custom--OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_zumUu73z1hkg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other marketable equity securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;53&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--MutualFundMember_zeIJZwNdw6I" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Fixed
    income mutual funds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,372&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,370&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_zS06qOCyPRji" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Current
    equity investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,071&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,009&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_z2I1DRZgxNoi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Visa Inc. Series C Convertible
    Participating Preferred Stock (&#x201c;Visa Series C Preferred&#x201d;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;758&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;695&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zhPvFXxbYoD8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Visa Inc. Series A Convertible
    Participating Preferred Stock (&#x201c;Visa Series A Preferred&#x201d;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1098"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;877&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockMember_zrryMmol7LI6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Convertible preferred stock&#x2014;equity
    method investment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,231&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,338&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--HedgeFundsMember_zoyR26JjtSy8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Hedge funds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,878&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,883&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--OtherInvestmentsMember_zijJRi8uDga8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,225&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;725&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_zyDbQFnwK9b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Noncurrent
    equity investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,092&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6,518&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A6_zmFHsXV2Sz01" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Howard
S. Jonas, the Chairman of the Company and the Chairman of the Company&#x2019;s Board of Directors is also the Vice-Chairman of the Board
of Directors of Zedge, Inc. and the Chairman of the Board of Directors and Executive Chairman of Rafael Holdings, Inc.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
June 2016, upon the acquisition of Visa Europe Limited by Visa, Inc. (&#x201c;Visa&#x201d;), IDT Financial Services received &lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20160630_zzVKX5EJPkDd" title="Owned shares"&gt;1,830&lt;/span&gt; shares
of Visa Series C Preferred among other consideration. In July 2024, in connection with Visa&#x2019;s mandatory release assessment, the
Company received &lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_zXzFcQXnPPzf" title="Owned shares"&gt;33&lt;/span&gt; shares of Visa&#x2019;s Series A Preferred. In August 2024, the &lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20240831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_z3gcdbxhoUj3" title="Owned shares"&gt;33&lt;/span&gt; shares of Visa Series A Preferred were converted
into &lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares_iI_pid_c20240831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_z6zxv7JY8Jt3" title="Owned shares"&gt;3,300&lt;/span&gt; shares of Visa Class A common stock, which the Company sold for $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities_pn5n6_c20240801__20240831__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--VisaClassACommonStockMember_zexjnWDp8Cf4" title="Proceeds from maturities and sales of debt securities and redemption of equity investments"&gt;0.9&lt;/span&gt; million.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_z7hCg7cPASJc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#x2019;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zuvlY09YZ5Qd" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20240801__20241031_zzPsHqf2074b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20230801__20231031_z514LlVfWke2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zq3cFkwDFGG1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;964&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,632&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_znJpLRQ8LyQi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Adjustment for observable
    transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;63&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(14&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zAjEkA5gBa4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Upward adjustment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1131"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;129&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zLtEAo3Zr5Rk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Impairments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1134"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1135"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zit6CPHLUY32" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, end of the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,027&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,747&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A5_zr0IANTvDsKh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company adjusted the carrying value of the shares of Visa Series C Preferred it held based on the fair value of Visa Class A common stock,
including a discount for lack of current marketability, which is classified as &#x201c;Adjustment for observable transactions involving
a similar investment from the same issuer&#x201d; in the table above. The Certificate of Designation with respect to the shares of Visa
Series C Preferred restricts the transferability of the shares, there is no public market for the shares, and none is expected to develop.
The shares become fully convertible into shares of Visa Class A common stock in June 2028. In addition, in the three months ended October
31, 2023, in connection with the acquisition of Regal Bancorp by SR Bancorp, the Company adjusted the carrying value of its shares of
Regal Bancorp common stock.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zM8A4CmhvMM3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Unrealized
gains (losses) for all equity investments measured at fair value included the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zElTzqlBnWHk"&gt;Schedule
of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20240801__20241031_zS3cMIB2b1z8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20230801__20231031_zYXQfC7wuVpf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zINHnaT7RKkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Net gains (losses) recognized
    during the period on equity investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;378&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(917&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_zElrtCfR7M6k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Plus:
    net loss recognized during the period on equity investment sold during the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1146"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_z9EeJCaj6999" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Unrealized
    gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;380&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(917&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
unrealized gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value in the table above included the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20240801__20241031_zNdGZJrYFuHg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20230801__20231031_zj1vyklCxsGk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_zP8H4OcyVvVe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Rafael Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;100&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;(62&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_zFXmeVuxjLYg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Zedge Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(23&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(8&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_ztm3SHY923Kc" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity securities unrealized gain loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(23&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(8&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A0_z04w8mPXWxCh" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
&lt;i&gt;Equity Method Investment&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company has an investment in shares of convertible preferred stock of a communications company (the equity method investee, or &#x201c;EMI&#x201d;).
As of both October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company&#x2019;s ownership was &lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_dp_uPure_c20241031__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_zRdOdVyIHnk2" title="Ownership percentage"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage_iI_dp_uPure_c20240731__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember_z52daHwR9761" title="Ownership percentage"&gt;33.4&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;% of the EMI&#x2019;s outstanding shares on an as
converted basis. The Company accounts for this investment using the equity method since the Company can exercise significant influence
over the operating and financial policies of the EMI but does not have a controlling interest.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company determined that on the dates of the acquisitions of the EMI&#x2019;s shares, there were differences between its investment in
the EMI and its proportional interest in the equity of the EMI of an aggregate of $&lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_zxu3BwVgseZh" title="Equity method investment, aggregate cost"&gt;8.2&lt;/span&gt; million, which represented the share of the EMI&#x2019;s
customer list on the dates of the acquisitions attributed to the Company&#x2019;s interest in the EMI. &lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment_c20240801__20241031_zKydnk0ZlqG3" title="Equity method investment, description"&gt;These basis differences are being
amortized over the 6-year estimated life of the customer list.&lt;/span&gt; In the accompanying consolidated statements of income, amortization of
equity method basis difference is included in the equity in the net loss of investee, which is recorded in &#x201c;Other expense, net&#x201d;
(see Note 17).&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
both the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, each of the EMI&#x2019;s shareholders, including the Company, purchased
additional shares of the EMI&#x2019;s convertible preferred stock. At October 31, 2024, the Company was committed to purchase
additional shares of the EMI&#x2019;s convertible preferred stock in January 2025 for $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn5n6_c20241031__20241031__srt--ScheduleOfEquityMethodInvestmentEquityMethodInvesteeNameAxis__custom--EquityMethodInvestmentMember__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--PreferredStockMember_znZdTMCukVEl" title="Purchase of convertible preferred stock"&gt;0.3&lt;/span&gt;
million.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zlLJSrwtVDn8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s equity method investment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zpwLyD49rkVg"&gt;Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20240801__20241031__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zcNac1Mfm1Gf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20230801__20231031__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_z7MlajXLFG11" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;1,338&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;2,784&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_z0Uv5jrCg1Za" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Purchase of convertible preferred stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;673&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;672&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zcLx8YIPNBLb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity in the net loss of investee&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(670&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHleqQfICJEa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Amortization of equity method basis difference&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(342&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(342&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iE_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zIoNgbWsQTy9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balance, end of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,231&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;2,444&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A2_zjbSvSvp2mxa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:InvestmentsInDebtAndEquityInstrumentsCashAndCashEquivalentsUnrealizedAndRealizedGainsLossesTextBlock>
    <IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001070">&lt;p id="xdx_89D_ecustom--ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zRQGh72io4ok" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Equity
investments consist of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_z9GmL1y7Qoq7" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_498_20241031_zCh7BH5JFeY6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240731_z82GLLOWRlF9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;July
    31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_z6dOHApki1d4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 60%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Zedge, Inc. Class
    B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_903_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_znBL7CbIgUga" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_90D_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20230801__20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--ZedgeIncMember_zw8y0HtSZRye" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;42,282&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; shares at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;130&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 16%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;153&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zgzkyRwiRM26" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Rafael Holdings, Inc. Class
    B common stock, &lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_901_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20230801__20240731__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_z4A5lzAjG22h" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;&lt;span class="xdx_phnt_RGlzY2xvc3VyZSAtIFNjaGVkdWxlIG9mIEVxdWl0eSBJbnZlc3RtZW50cyAoRGV0YWlscykgKFBhcmVudGhldGljYWwpAA__" id="xdx_904_ecustom--NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__custom--RafaelHoldingsIncMember_zUrxVKTnZ1Df" title="Number of related party shares received"&gt;278,810&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; shares at October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;516&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;416&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__custom--OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember_zumUu73z1hkg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other marketable equity securities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;53&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;70&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--MutualFundMember_zeIJZwNdw6I" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Fixed
    income mutual funds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,372&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;4,370&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNi_iI_pn3n3_zS06qOCyPRji" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Current
    equity investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,071&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;5,009&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_z2I1DRZgxNoi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Visa Inc. Series C Convertible
    Participating Preferred Stock (&#x201c;Visa Series C Preferred&#x201d;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;758&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;695&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--VisaIncMember_zhPvFXxbYoD8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Visa Inc. Series A Convertible
    Participating Preferred Stock (&#x201c;Visa Series A Preferred&#x201d;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1098"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;877&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--ConvertiblePreferredStockMember_zrryMmol7LI6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Convertible preferred stock&#x2014;equity
    method investment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,231&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,338&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--HedgeFundsMember_zoyR26JjtSy8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Hedge funds&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,878&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,883&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_hus-gaap--InvestmentTypeAxis__us-gaap--OtherInvestmentsMember_zijJRi8uDga8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2,225&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;725&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LongTermInvestments_iI_pn3n3_zyDbQFnwK9b" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Noncurrent
    equity investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;7,092&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;6,518&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:ScheduleOfEquityInvestmentsTableTextBlock>
    <IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001075"
      unitRef="Shares">42282</IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived>
    <IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived
      contextRef="From2023-08-012024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001077"
      unitRef="Shares">42282</IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001072"
      unitRef="USD">130000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_ZedgeIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001073"
      unitRef="USD">153000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived
      contextRef="From2023-08-012024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001082"
      unitRef="Shares">278810</IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived>
    <IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001084"
      unitRef="Shares">278810</IDT:NumberOfRelatedPartySharesReceived>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001079"
      unitRef="USD">516000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_RafaelHoldingsIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001080"
      unitRef="USD">416000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001086"
      unitRef="USD">53000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_OtherMarketableEquitySecuritiesMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001087"
      unitRef="USD">70000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_MutualFundMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001089"
      unitRef="USD">4372000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_MutualFundMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001090"
      unitRef="USD">4370000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001092"
      unitRef="USD">5071000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001093"
      unitRef="USD">5009000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNi>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001095"
      unitRef="USD">758000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_SeriesCConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001096"
      unitRef="USD">695000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_SeriesAConvertiblePreferredStockMember_custom_VisaIncMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001099"
      unitRef="USD">877000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001101"
      unitRef="USD">1231000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_ConvertiblePreferredStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001102"
      unitRef="USD">1338000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001104"
      unitRef="USD">2878000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_HedgeFundsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001105"
      unitRef="USD">2883000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001107"
      unitRef="USD">2225000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_OtherInvestmentsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001108"
      unitRef="USD">725000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001110"
      unitRef="USD">7092000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:LongTermInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001111"
      unitRef="USD">6518000</us-gaap:LongTermInvestments>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
      contextRef="AsOf2016-06-30"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001113"
      unitRef="Shares">1830</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001115"
      unitRef="Shares">33</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
      contextRef="AsOf2024-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001117"
      unitRef="Shares">33</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares
      contextRef="AsOf2024-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_custom_VisaClassACommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001119"
      unitRef="Shares">3300</us-gaap:InvestmentOwnedBalanceShares>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-08-31_custom_VisaSeriesAConvertibleParticipatingPreferredStockMember_custom_VisaClassACommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001121"
      unitRef="USD">900000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromSaleAndMaturityOfMarketableSecurities>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001123">&lt;p id="xdx_897_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock_z7hCg7cPASJc" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
changes in the carrying value of the Company&#x2019;s equity investments without readily determinable fair values for which the Company
elected the measurement alternative was as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8BE_zuvlY09YZ5Qd" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Carrying Value of Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20240801__20241031_zzPsHqf2074b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49D_20230801__20231031_z514LlVfWke2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iS_pn3n3_zq3cFkwDFGG1" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;964&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,632&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer_pn3n3_znJpLRQ8LyQi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Adjustment for observable
    transactions involving a similar investment from the same issuer&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;63&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(14&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zAjEkA5gBa4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Upward adjustment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1131"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;129&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_404_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueImpairmentLossAnnualAmount_pn3n3_zLtEAo3Zr5Rk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Impairments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1134"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1135"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount_iE_pn3n3_zit6CPHLUY32" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Balance, end of the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,027&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;1,747&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001125"
      unitRef="USD">964000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001126"
      unitRef="USD">1632000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount>
    <IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001128"
      unitRef="USD">63000</IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer>
    <IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001129"
      unitRef="USD">-14000</IDT:AdjustmentForObservableTransactionsInvolvingSimilarInvestmentFromSameIssuer>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001132"
      unitRef="USD">129000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueUpwardPriceAdjustmentAnnualAmount>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001137"
      unitRef="USD">1027000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001138"
      unitRef="USD">1747000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesWithoutReadilyDeterminableFairValueAmount>
    <us-gaap:UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001140">&lt;p id="xdx_89A_eus-gaap--UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock_zM8A4CmhvMM3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Unrealized
gains (losses) for all equity investments measured at fair value included the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B4_zElTzqlBnWHk"&gt;Schedule
of Unrealized Gains (losses) Gains for All Equity Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49E_20240801__20241031_zS3cMIB2b1z8" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20230801__20231031_zYXQfC7wuVpf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three
                                            Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(in
    thousands)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss_pn3n3_zINHnaT7RKkk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 68%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Net gains (losses) recognized
    during the period on equity investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;378&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 12%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(917&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_ecustom--EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed_pn3n3_zElrtCfR7M6k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Plus:
    net loss recognized during the period on equity investment sold during the period&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1146"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40C_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_z9EeJCaj6999" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Unrealized
    gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments still held at the reporting date&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;380&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;$&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(917&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0pt 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;/p&gt;



&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
unrealized gains and losses for all equity investments measured at fair value in the table above included the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20240801__20241031_zNdGZJrYFuHg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2024&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20230801__20231031_zj1vyklCxsGk" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;2023&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; text-align: center"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;October 31,&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font-weight: bold; text-align: center"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Unrealized gains (losses) recognized during the period on equity investments:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--RafaelClassBCommonStockMember_zP8H4OcyVvVe" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Rafael Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;100&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;(62&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_zFXmeVuxjLYg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Zedge Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(23&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(8&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss_pn3n3_hus-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__custom--ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember_ztm3SHY923Kc" style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity securities unrealized gain loss&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(23&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(8&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:UnrealizedGainLossOnInvestmentsTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001142"
      unitRef="USD">378000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001143"
      unitRef="USD">-917000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiGainLoss>
    <IDT:EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001145"
      unitRef="USD">2000</IDT:EquitySecuritiesFvNiRecognizedGainLossNetOnEquitySecuritiesRedeemed>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001148"
      unitRef="USD">380000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001149"
      unitRef="USD">-917000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001151"
      unitRef="USD">100000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_RafaelClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001152"
      unitRef="USD">-62000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001154"
      unitRef="USD">-23000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001155"
      unitRef="USD">-8000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001157"
      unitRef="USD">-23000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ZedgeClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001158"
      unitRef="USD">-8000</us-gaap:EquitySecuritiesFvNiUnrealizedGainLoss>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001160"
      unitRef="Pure">0.334</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001162"
      unitRef="Pure">0.334</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentOwnershipPercentage>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001164"
      unitRef="USD">8200000</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquity>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001166">These basis differences are being
amortized over the 6-year estimated life of the customer list.</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentDifferenceBetweenCarryingAmountAndUnderlyingEquityAccountingTreatment>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2024-10-312024-10-31_custom_EquityMethodInvestmentMember_us-gaap_PreferredStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001168"
      unitRef="USD">300000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001170">&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock_zlLJSrwtVDn8" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s equity method investment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BB_zpwLyD49rkVg"&gt;Summary of Changes in Equity Method Investments&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20240801__20241031__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zcNac1Mfm1Gf" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_492_20230801__20231031__us-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_z7MlajXLFG11" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;1,338&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;2,784&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_405_eus-gaap--PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_z0Uv5jrCg1Za" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Purchase of convertible preferred stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;673&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;672&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zcLx8YIPNBLb" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity in the net loss of investee&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(670&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zHleqQfICJEa" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Amortization of equity method basis difference&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(342&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(342&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--EquityMethodInvestments_iE_pn3n3_hus-gaap--RelatedPartyTransactionsByRelatedPartyAxis__us-gaap--EquityMethodInvesteeMember_zIoNgbWsQTy9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balance, end of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,231&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;2,444&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestmentsTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001172"
      unitRef="USD">1338000</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001173"
      unitRef="USD">2784000</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001175"
      unitRef="USD">673000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001176"
      unitRef="USD">672000</us-gaap:PaymentsToAcquireEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001178"
      unitRef="USD">-438000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001179"
      unitRef="USD">-670000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <IDT:AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001181"
      unitRef="USD">-342000</IDT:AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference>
    <IDT:AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001182"
      unitRef="USD">-342000</IDT:AmortizationOfEquityMethodBasisDifference>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001184"
      unitRef="USD">1231000</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31_us-gaap_EquityMethodInvesteeMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001185"
      unitRef="USD">2444000</us-gaap:EquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001187">&lt;p id="xdx_80F_eus-gaap--FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock_zaXy4YWemRS8" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
8&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82E_z6Z7D3gVCTd8"&gt;Fair Value Measurements&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_zV3NNIegEnQ5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zezIl6bSvNag"&gt;Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Level 1 (1)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Level 2 (2)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Level 3 (3)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;October 31, 2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36%; text-align: left"&gt;Debt securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zoJnUt02Bz31" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;20,532&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z0AJLQaOO2Fk" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;6,742&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zvclwVsRQrDl" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1195"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zYge7yvKawe4" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;27,274&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zYRs3tVWbKH3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;5,071&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zSnEdMGdt8jl" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1201"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zXFJgPV5o3Oi" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1203"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zTuWKW78jXB" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;5,071&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in noncurrent assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zXWwHV89Vjvl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1207"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zuNHjiaTf5sl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;2,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zCNZCLd1HTEb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;758&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDYsx2m1VlJc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;2,758&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zSQNrsifu078" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;25,603&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_znaz6HgAVf4k" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;8,742&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zkqc1UVHitHc" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;758&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDQK6kThXUQa" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;35,103&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Acquisition consideration included in:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zUOXJEIds3wf" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1223"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zxQxWBR16LL" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1225"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zGHxJnHsJLI3" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(290&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zdYtmZRoabti" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(290&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other noncurrent liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zGXzAADqeQ5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1231"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zuFJwplEK8x4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1233"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_z1T1vzJhSIk2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(616&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zgwxS84KyzXi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(616&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zH82xMlsMJE9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1239"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zR7Lbep05W68" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1241"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zu60JKMwIX7h" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zyr0h6fhrule" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;July 31, 2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Debt securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zkpqWIPwDvfj" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;16,585&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zAk9zQez7GF5" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;6,853&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zqJillaU541h" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1251"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z1TXnEFhftqd" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;23,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z93bDy4KeMeh" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;5,009&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z7BxuudolkS7" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1257"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zXJFZHGGPKH1" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1259"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zBazacZYyZw9" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;5,009&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in noncurrent assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zsLhvbYvSeLc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1263"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z4XJZb1LPyL6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;1,377&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zmpCB4JtA31" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;695&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z4PhM5O5hHK2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;2,072&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zOflCKA7a4r9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;21,594&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_za0MNFLtKH7j" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;8,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zYclHNK2Cb2c" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;695&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z00chcLdWWc6" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;30,519&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Acquisition consideration included in:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zJuAW5ExzVzd" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1279"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zlVe9L9SuGz5" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1281"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zw9Ck35rT0Vb" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(222&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zJFtbTgCVky8" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(222&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other noncurrent liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zy8hSZ2cKwLa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1287"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zod0oSB0RUll" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1289"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zKCOLzLNh7B9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zXj9bxRUpS5b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z79kXFuSlEme" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1295"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zpxvN477R33e" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1297"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zvIlHGBUZ9U7" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zFCsHTDFBfHg" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F02_zoU6vg6Uyypk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F1F_zEptpx4k4Fof" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013; quoted
prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F05_zIe2qz614Fo4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(2)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5pt"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F12_ze5l7e4kTCK5" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013; observable
inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F0A_z7V9AFYwyi8e" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5pt"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F13_zDVNa6tVnRqg" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013; no observable
pricing inputs in the market&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AC_zBGwpsgutpOa" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
both October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company had $&lt;span id="xdx_901_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_z6CSoGpx9vc9" title="Investment in hedge funds"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_907_ecustom--InvestmentInHedgeFunds_iI_pn5n6_c20240731_z8ixEvhyruvb" title="Investment in hedge funds"&gt;2.9&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; million in investments in hedge funds, which were included in noncurrent
&#x201c;Equity investments&#x201d; in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets. The Company&#x2019;s investments in hedge funds were
accounted for using the equity method, therefore they were not measured at fair value.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zX5iU9M0Nf3k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zAsEOItcUBJ9" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240801__20241031_zMxr2hHamyrj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zwF4mf7HTtZ7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;695&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;1,263&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1_pn3n3_zZ41xTgNF0fg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Total gain (loss) included in &#x201c;&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20240801__20241031_zqg71FLzQmIc" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23NonoperatingIncomeExpense"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20230801__20231031_zOfks8xth0C3" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23NonoperatingIncomeExpense"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1317"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1318"&gt;Other expense, net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;63&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balance, end of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;758&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,249&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_zM2oJfqp8lg8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1323"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1324"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8AC_zklcEbQOzGkb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zCYELGxY41bl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zU0Nkjcisifd" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240801__20241031_zt7ibZ35dr6d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zikUjXBb7Ftd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_pn3n3_zpt7t3qpyNoi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;4,805&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements_pn3n3_ztn5ytD8lLva" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Payments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1331"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(214&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total gain included in&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_pn3n3_zLGuDfEmhH77" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#x201c;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20240801__20241031_z1qmaTEiWQB6" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20230801__20231031_z4dWvM8EP5Z3" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1336"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1337"&gt;Foreign currency translation adjustment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1334"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balance, end of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;4,588&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_zqPEcRFWDiN8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1342"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1343"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A3_zlCIHcM33Vli" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
the three months ended October 31, 2023, the Company paid an aggregate of $&lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031_zChW1ZbXLId3" title="Contingent consideration payment"&gt;0.2&lt;/span&gt; million in contingent consideration related to a prior
acquisition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
&lt;i&gt;Fair Value of Other Financial Instruments&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
The estimated fair value of the Company&#x2019;s other financial instruments was determined using available market information or other
appropriate valuation methodologies. However, considerable judgment is required in interpreting these data to develop estimates of fair
value. Consequently, the estimates are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that could be realized or would be paid in a current
market exchange.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Cash
and cash equivalents, restricted cash and cash equivalents, settlement assets, disbursement prefunding, other current assets,
customer funds deposits, settlement liabilities, and other current liabilities. &lt;/i&gt;At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the
carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated fair value because of the short period of time to maturity. The fair
value estimates for cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash and cash equivalents were classified as Level 1 and settlement
assets, disbursement prefunding, other current assets, customer funds deposits, settlement liabilities, and other current
liabilities were classified as Level 2 of the fair value hierarchy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Other
assets and other liabilities. &lt;/i&gt;At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the carrying amount of these assets and liabilities approximated
fair value. The fair values were estimated based on the Company&#x2019;s assumptions, which were classified as Level 3 of the fair value
hierarchy.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:FairValueDisclosuresTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001189">&lt;p id="xdx_898_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock_zV3NNIegEnQ5" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table presents the balance of assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="display: none; font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zezIl6bSvNag"&gt;Schedule of Balance of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Level 1 (1)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Level 2 (2)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Level 3 (3)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="14" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;October 31, 2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 36%; text-align: left"&gt;Debt securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zoJnUt02Bz31" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;20,532&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z0AJLQaOO2Fk" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;6,742&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zvclwVsRQrDl" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1195"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zYge7yvKawe4" style="width: 12%; text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;27,274&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zYRs3tVWbKH3" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;5,071&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zSnEdMGdt8jl" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1201"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zXFJgPV5o3Oi" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1203"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zTuWKW78jXB" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;5,071&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in noncurrent assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zXWwHV89Vjvl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1207"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zuNHjiaTf5sl" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;2,000&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zCNZCLd1HTEb" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;758&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDYsx2m1VlJc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;2,758&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zSQNrsifu078" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;25,603&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_znaz6HgAVf4k" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;8,742&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zkqc1UVHitHc" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;758&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zDQK6kThXUQa" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;35,103&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Acquisition consideration included in:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zUOXJEIds3wf" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1223"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zxQxWBR16LL" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1225"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zGHxJnHsJLI3" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(290&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zdYtmZRoabti" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(290&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other noncurrent liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zGXzAADqeQ5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1231"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zuFJwplEK8x4" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1233"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_z1T1vzJhSIk2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(616&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zgwxS84KyzXi" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(616&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zH82xMlsMJE9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1239"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zR7Lbep05W68" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1241"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zu60JKMwIX7h" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20241031__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zyr0h6fhrule" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;July 31, 2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Debt securities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zkpqWIPwDvfj" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;16,585&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zAk9zQez7GF5" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;6,853&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zqJillaU541h" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1251"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z1TXnEFhftqd" style="text-align: right" title="Debt securities"&gt;23,438&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z93bDy4KeMeh" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;5,009&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z7BxuudolkS7" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1257"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zXJFZHGGPKH1" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1259"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zBazacZYyZw9" style="text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in current assets"&gt;5,009&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Equity investments included in noncurrent assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zsLhvbYvSeLc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1263"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_z4XJZb1LPyL6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;1,377&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zmpCB4JtA31" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;695&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z4PhM5O5hHK2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Equity investments included in noncurrent assets"&gt;2,072&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_980_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zOflCKA7a4r9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;21,594&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_984_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_za0MNFLtKH7j" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;8,230&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zYclHNK2Cb2c" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;695&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98A_eus-gaap--InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_z00chcLdWWc6" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Total"&gt;30,519&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Acquisition consideration included in:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other current liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_988_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zJuAW5ExzVzd" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1279"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98C_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zlVe9L9SuGz5" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1281"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_987_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zw9Ck35rT0Vb" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(222&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zJFtbTgCVky8" style="text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other current liabilities"&gt;(222&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Other noncurrent liabilities&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_zy8hSZ2cKwLa" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1287"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zod0oSB0RUll" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1289"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zKCOLzLNh7B9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98E_eus-gaap--BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent_iNI_pn3n3_di_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zXj9bxRUpS5b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other noncurrent liabilities"&gt;(684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 20pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_989_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel1Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDEp_z79kXFuSlEme" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1295"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_981_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel2Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDIp_zpxvN477R33e" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1297"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByFairValueHierarchyLevelAxis__us-gaap--FairValueInputsLevel3Member__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_fKDMp_zvIlHGBUZ9U7" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98B_ecustom--ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities_iI_pn3n3_c20240731__us-gaap--FairValueByMeasurementFrequencyAxis__us-gaap--FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember_zFCsHTDFBfHg" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Acquisition consideration included in other liabilities"&gt;(906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F02_zoU6vg6Uyypk" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F1F_zEptpx4k4Fof" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013; quoted
prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F05_zIe2qz614Fo4" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(2)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5pt"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F12_ze5l7e4kTCK5" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013; observable
inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 6pt; width: 100%"&gt;&lt;tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify"&gt;
&lt;td style="width: 15pt; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F0A_z7V9AFYwyi8e" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;(3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 5pt"&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: justify"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_F13_zDVNa6tVnRqg" style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#x2013; no observable
pricing inputs in the market&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;
&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfFairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001191"
      unitRef="USD">20532000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001193"
      unitRef="USD">6742000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001197"
      unitRef="USD">27274000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001199"
      unitRef="USD">5071000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001205"
      unitRef="USD">5071000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001209"
      unitRef="USD">2000000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001211"
      unitRef="USD">758000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001213"
      unitRef="USD">2758000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001215"
      unitRef="USD">25603000</us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001217"
      unitRef="USD">8742000</us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001219"
      unitRef="USD">758000</us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001221"
      unitRef="USD">35103000</us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001227"
      unitRef="USD">290000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001229"
      unitRef="USD">290000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001235"
      unitRef="USD">616000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001237"
      unitRef="USD">616000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001243"
      unitRef="USD">-906000</IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities>
    <IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001245"
      unitRef="USD">-906000</IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001247"
      unitRef="USD">16585000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001249"
      unitRef="USD">6853000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001253"
      unitRef="USD">23438000</us-gaap:AvailableForSaleSecuritiesDebtSecurities>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001255"
      unitRef="USD">5009000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001261"
      unitRef="USD">5009000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsCurrentAsset>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001265"
      unitRef="USD">1377000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001267"
      unitRef="USD">695000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets>
    <IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001269"
      unitRef="USD">2072000</IDT:EquityInvestmentsNoncurrentAssets>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel1Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001271"
      unitRef="USD">21594000</us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel2Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001273"
      unitRef="USD">8230000</us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001275"
      unitRef="USD">695000</us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001277"
      unitRef="USD">30519000</us-gaap:InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001283"
      unitRef="USD">222000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001285"
      unitRef="USD">222000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001291"
      unitRef="USD">684000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001293"
      unitRef="USD">684000</us-gaap:BusinessCombinationContingentConsiderationLiabilityNoncurrent>
    <IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001299"
      unitRef="USD">-906000</IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities>
    <IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_FairValueMeasurementsRecurringMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001301"
      unitRef="USD">-906000</IDT:ContingentConsiderationIncludedInOtherLiabilities>
    <IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001306"
      unitRef="USD">2900000</IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds>
    <IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001308"
      unitRef="USD">2900000</IDT:InvestmentInHedgeFunds>
    <us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001310">&lt;p id="xdx_892_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zX5iU9M0Nf3k" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B1_zAsEOItcUBJ9" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Assets Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20240801__20241031_zMxr2hHamyrj" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20230801__20231031_zwF4mf7HTtZ7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iS_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;695&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;1,263&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1_pn3n3_zZ41xTgNF0fg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;Total gain (loss) included in &#x201c;&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20240801__20241031_zqg71FLzQmIc" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23NonoperatingIncomeExpense"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationAssetGainLossStatementOfIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20230801__20231031_zOfks8xth0C3" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23NonoperatingIncomeExpense"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1317"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1318"&gt;Other expense, net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;63&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balance, end of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;758&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;1,249&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_zM2oJfqp8lg8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for assets held at the end of the period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1323"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1324"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001312"
      unitRef="USD">695000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001313"
      unitRef="USD">1263000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001315"
      unitRef="USD">63000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001316"
      unitRef="USD">-14000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetGainLossIncludedInEarnings1>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001320"
      unitRef="USD">758000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001321"
      unitRef="USD">1249000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisAssetValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001326">&lt;p id="xdx_895_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock_zCYELGxY41bl" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the change in the balance of the Company&#x2019;s liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis using
significant unobservable inputs (Level 3):&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B0_zU0Nkjcisifd" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Using Significant Unobservable Inputs (Level 3)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240801__20241031_zt7ibZ35dr6d" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zikUjXBb7Ftd" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iS_pn3n3_zpt7t3qpyNoi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%"&gt;Balance, beginning of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;4,805&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements_pn3n3_ztn5ytD8lLva" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;Payments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1331"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(214&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Total gain included in&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome_pn3n3_zLGuDfEmhH77" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#x201c;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20240801__20241031_z1qmaTEiWQB6" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--FairValueRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationLiabilityGainLossStatementOfOtherComprehensiveIncomeExtensibleList_dxL_c20230801__20231031_z4dWvM8EP5Z3" title="::XDX::http%3A%2F%2Ffasb.org%2Fus-gaap%2F2024%23OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationGainLossArisingDuringPeriodNetOfTax"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1336"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1337"&gt;Foreign currency translation adjustment&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&#x201d;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1334"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue_iE_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balance, end of period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;906&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;4,588&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisChangeInUnrealizedGainLoss_zqPEcRFWDiN8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Change in unrealized gains or losses for the period included in earnings for liabilities held at the end of the period&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1342"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1343"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:FairValueLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001328"
      unitRef="USD">906000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue
      contextRef="AsOf2023-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001329"
      unitRef="USD">4805000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001332"
      unitRef="USD">-214000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilitySettlements>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001335"
      unitRef="USD">-3000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationRecurringBasisLiabilityGainLossIncludedInOtherComprehensiveIncome>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001339"
      unitRef="USD">906000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue>
    <us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue
      contextRef="AsOf2023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001340"
      unitRef="USD">4588000</us-gaap:FairValueMeasurementWithUnobservableInputsReconciliationsRecurringBasisLiabilityValue>
    <us-gaap:PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001345"
      unitRef="USD">200000</us-gaap:PaymentForContingentConsiderationLiabilityInvestingActivities>
    <us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001347">&lt;p id="xdx_806_eus-gaap--VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock_zYwfQ6QlOvwa" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
9&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_824_zEZsuHFEBGn8"&gt;Variable Interest Entity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company is the primary beneficiary of a VIE that processes disbursement payments. The Company
determined that, effective May 31, 2021, it had the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic
performance, and the Company has the obligation to absorb losses of and the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially
be significant to it. As a result, the Company consolidates the VIE. The Company does not currently own any interest in the VIE and thus
the net income incurred by the VIE was attributed to noncontrolling interests in the accompanying consolidated statements of income.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_890_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zMNP3T7J1Fre" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s net income and aggregate funding provided by the Company were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zXAawgPT1NFj" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20240801__20241031_zkchNoayjlsh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zOMjjxciyMQh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_pn3n3_zvza4YY7FLDl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Net income of the VIE&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;338&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;81&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_pn3n3_zFpVlz5jZAMd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Aggregate funding provided by the Company, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;55&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;114&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A1_zQSU7j5YqMte" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89B_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_zSHyMrY676vg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B7_z43gZYdnKqHi" style="display: none"&gt;VIE&#x2019;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 92%; margin-left: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20241031__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zsFEzlnIsJE9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;October 31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20240731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zghgQUBPlF2b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;July 31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Assets:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash and equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;3,055&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;2,626&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Restricted cash&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15,289&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,426&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts receivable, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;127&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;74&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--DisbursementPrefunding_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Disbursement prefunding&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,323&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,587&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Prepaid expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;359&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;258&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;265&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;294&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;163&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;179&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Other intangibles, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;546&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;584&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;21,127&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;14,028&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Liabilities and noncontrolling interests:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1386"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;160&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;124&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DepositLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_zE00Auv66RWg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Customer funds deposits&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15,882&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;9,195&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Due to the Company&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;296&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;241&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accumulated other comprehensive income&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;27&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Noncontrolling interests&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;4,775&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;4,437&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;21,127&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;14,028&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A8_zh6tZBRROXfi" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s assets may only be used to settle the VIE&#x2019;s obligations and may not be used for other consolidated entities. The VIE&#x2019;s
liabilities are non-recourse to the general credit of the Company&#x2019;s other consolidated entities.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:VariableInterestEntityDisclosureTextBlock>
    <srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001349">&lt;p id="xdx_890_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock_zMNP3T7J1Fre" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s net income and aggregate funding provided by the Company were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BA_zXAawgPT1NFj" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Net Income and Aggregate Funding Repaid to the Company by VIE&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20240801__20241031_zkchNoayjlsh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zOMjjxciyMQh" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount_pn3n3_zvza4YY7FLDl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Net income of the VIE&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;338&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;81&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity_pn3n3_zFpVlz5jZAMd" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Aggregate funding provided by the Company, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;55&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;114&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</srt:ScheduleOfCondensedIncomeStatementTableTextBlock>
    <IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001351"
      unitRef="USD">338000</IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount>
    <IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001352"
      unitRef="USD">81000</IDT:VariableInterestEntityNetIncomeLosstAmount>
    <IDT:VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001354"
      unitRef="USD">55000</IDT:VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity>
    <IDT:VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001355"
      unitRef="USD">114000</IDT:VariableInterestEntityAggregateFundingRepaidToProvidedByReportingEntity>
    <srt:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001357">&lt;p id="xdx_89B_esrt--ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock_zSHyMrY676vg" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
VIE&#x2019;s summarized consolidated balance sheet amounts are as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B7_z43gZYdnKqHi" style="display: none"&gt;VIE&#x2019;s Summarized Consolidated Balance Sheet&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 92%; margin-left: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_493_20241031__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zsFEzlnIsJE9" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;October 31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_495_20240731__srt--ConsolidatedEntitiesAxis__us-gaap--VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember_zghgQUBPlF2b" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;July 31,&lt;br/&gt; 2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Assets:&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40E_eus-gaap--CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Cash and equivalents&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;3,055&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;2,626&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--RestrictedCashCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Restricted cash&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15,289&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;7,426&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--ReceivablesNetCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts receivable, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;127&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;74&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_ecustom--DisbursementPrefunding_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Disbursement prefunding&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;1,323&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;2,587&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--PrepaidExpenseCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Prepaid expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;359&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;258&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--OtherAssetsCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Other current assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;265&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;294&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Property, plant, and equipment, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;163&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;179&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--OtherIntangibleAssetsNet_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Other intangibles, net&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;546&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;584&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--Assets_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total assets&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;21,127&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;14,028&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="font-weight: bold; text-align: left"&gt;Liabilities and noncontrolling interests:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--AccountsPayableCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Trade accounts payable&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1386"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;4&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_402_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accrued expenses&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;160&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;124&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--DepositLiabilityCurrent_iI_pn3n3_zE00Auv66RWg" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Customer funds deposits&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;15,882&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;9,195&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Due to the Company&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;296&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;241&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_403_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Accumulated other comprehensive income&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;14&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;27&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--MinorityInterest_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Noncontrolling interests&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;4,775&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;4,437&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity_iI_pn3n3" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;Total liabilities and noncontrolling interests&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;21,127&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;14,028&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</srt:ScheduleOfCondensedBalanceSheetTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001359"
      unitRef="USD">3055000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001360"
      unitRef="USD">2626000</us-gaap:CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001362"
      unitRef="USD">15289000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashCurrent>
    <us-gaap:RestrictedCashCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001363"
      unitRef="USD">7426000</us-gaap:RestrictedCashCurrent>
    <us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001365"
      unitRef="USD">127000</us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent>
    <us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001366"
      unitRef="USD">74000</us-gaap:ReceivablesNetCurrent>
    <IDT:DisbursementPrefunding
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001368"
      unitRef="USD">1323000</IDT:DisbursementPrefunding>
    <IDT:DisbursementPrefunding
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001369"
      unitRef="USD">2587000</IDT:DisbursementPrefunding>
    <us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001371"
      unitRef="USD">359000</us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent>
    <us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001372"
      unitRef="USD">258000</us-gaap:PrepaidExpenseCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001374"
      unitRef="USD">265000</us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001375"
      unitRef="USD">294000</us-gaap:OtherAssetsCurrent>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001377"
      unitRef="USD">163000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
    <us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001378"
      unitRef="USD">179000</us-gaap:PropertyPlantAndEquipmentNet>
    <us-gaap:OtherIntangibleAssetsNet
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001380"
      unitRef="USD">546000</us-gaap:OtherIntangibleAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:OtherIntangibleAssetsNet
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001381"
      unitRef="USD">584000</us-gaap:OtherIntangibleAssetsNet>
    <us-gaap:Assets
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001383"
      unitRef="USD">21127000</us-gaap:Assets>
    <us-gaap:Assets
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001384"
      unitRef="USD">14028000</us-gaap:Assets>
    <us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001387"
      unitRef="USD">4000</us-gaap:AccountsPayableCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001389"
      unitRef="USD">160000</us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001390"
      unitRef="USD">124000</us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent>
    <us-gaap:DepositLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001392"
      unitRef="USD">15882000</us-gaap:DepositLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:DepositLiabilityCurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001393"
      unitRef="USD">9195000</us-gaap:DepositLiabilityCurrent>
    <us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001395"
      unitRef="USD">296000</us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001396"
      unitRef="USD">241000</us-gaap:OtherLiabilitiesNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001398"
      unitRef="USD">14000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001399"
      unitRef="USD">27000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001401"
      unitRef="USD">4775000</us-gaap:MinorityInterest>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterest
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001402"
      unitRef="USD">4437000</us-gaap:MinorityInterest>
    <us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001404"
      unitRef="USD">21127000</us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity>
    <us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_VariableInterestEntityPrimaryBeneficiaryMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001405"
      unitRef="USD">14028000</us-gaap:LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquity>
    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001407">&lt;p id="xdx_806_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock_zC46Ybqs1T5j" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
10&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82E_zMsTpetSotZd"&gt;Other Operating Gain, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_892_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zRvqxKLq8I2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the other operating gain, net by business segment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zAWw7rnSz7tj" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-left: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20240801__20241031_zaSg79pc1H6g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zzEFGae61Y9a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LegalFees_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzGym_z2E85ZrTdSO2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate&#x2014;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1411"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;(212&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_pn3n3_maOOIENzGym_zGuoVhNXNx3k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Corporate&#x2014;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1414"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--CorporateOther_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzGym_zHonTbgMt0qc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Corporate&#x2014;other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1417"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;12&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_iT_pn3n3_mtOOIENzGym_zxFgUmhn6Mn9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1420"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;484&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A4_z5wgMmcC8mb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 23.75pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;
&lt;i&gt;Straight Path Communications Inc. Class Action&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;As
discussed in Note 16, the Company (as well as other defendants) was named in a class action on behalf of the stockholders of the Company&#x2019;s
former subsidiary, Straight Path Communications Inc. (&#x201c;Straight Path&#x201d;). The Company incurred legal fees and recorded offsetting
gains from insurance claims related to this action in the three months ended October 31, 2023. In fiscal 2024, the Company received the
final payment from its insurance policy for these claims. On October 3, 2023, the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware dismissed
all claims against the Company, and found that, contrary to the plaintiffs&#x2019; allegations, the class suffered no damages. The plaintiffs
will have 30 days from entry of the final order to file an appeal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeAndExpenseTextBlock>
    <IDT:ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001409">&lt;p id="xdx_892_ecustom--ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock_zRvqxKLq8I2" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
following table summarizes the other operating gain, net by business segment:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B3_zAWw7rnSz7tj" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Other Operating (Expense) Gain, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-left: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49F_20240801__20241031_zaSg79pc1H6g" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zzEFGae61Y9a" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40A_eus-gaap--LegalFees_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzGym_z2E85ZrTdSO2" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Corporate&#x2014;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action legal fees&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1411"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;(212&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_407_eus-gaap--UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds_pn3n3_maOOIENzGym_zGuoVhNXNx3k" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Corporate&#x2014;Straight Path Communications Inc. class action insurance claims&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1414"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;684&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_408_ecustom--CorporateOther_iN_pn3n3_di_msOOIENzGym_zHonTbgMt0qc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Corporate&#x2014;other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1417"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;12&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet_iT_pn3n3_mtOOIENzGym_zxFgUmhn6Mn9" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; padding-left: 10pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1420"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;484&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</IDT:ScheduleOfOtherOperatingExpensesGainsNetTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LegalFees
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001412"
      unitRef="USD">212000</us-gaap:LegalFees>
    <us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001415"
      unitRef="USD">684000</us-gaap:UnusualOrInfrequentItemInsuranceProceeds>
    <IDT:CorporateOther
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001418"
      unitRef="USD">-12000</IDT:CorporateOther>
    <us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001421"
      unitRef="USD">484000</us-gaap:OtherOperatingIncomeExpenseNet>
    <us-gaap:DebtDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001423">&lt;p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--DebtDisclosureTextBlock_zsQ8o8pwz136" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
11&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_824_znzbF041HRjf"&gt;Revolving Credit Facility&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s subsidiary, IDT Telecom, Inc. (&#x201c;IDT Telecom&#x201d;), entered into a credit agreement, dated as of May 17, 2021,
with TD Bank, N.A. for a revolving credit facility for up to a maximum principal amount of $&lt;span id="xdx_901_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zO9zhKhvBa97" title="Line of credit facility, maximum borrowing capacity"&gt;25.0&lt;/span&gt; million. As of July 15, 2024 and July
28, 2023, IDT Telecom and TD Bank, N.A. amended certain terms of the credit agreement. IDT Telecom may use the proceeds to finance working
capital requirements and for certain closing costs of the facility. At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, there were &lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20241031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zulmKT6CVvA1" title="Outstanding line of credit"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--LineOfCredit_iI_pn5n6_do_c20240731__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zykOUbCedNs" title="Outstanding line of credit"&gt;no&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; amounts outstanding
under this facility. In the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, IDT Telecom borrowed and repaid an aggregate of $&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zw9R4iFKAZIg" title="Proceeds from lines of credit"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zDQIPKCd1hLl" title="Repayments of lines of credit"&gt;14.2&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; million
and $&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zyL0SyiMwRke" title="Proceeds from lines of credit"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--IDTTelecomMember_zp7TJpE9L9Oe" title="Repayments of lines of credit"&gt;30.3&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively, under the facility. &lt;span id="xdx_907_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityDescription_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zeAJiWi9mwca" title="Credit facility, description"&gt;The revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#x2019;s
assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum at the secured overnight financing rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank
of New York plus 10 basis points, plus depending upon IDT Telecom&#x2019;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter,
125 to 175 basis points. Interest is payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on &lt;span id="xdx_90C_eus-gaap--DebtInstrumentMaturityDate_dd_c20210517__20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zqkj4y88IX09" title="Debt instrument maturity date"&gt;May
16, 2026&lt;/span&gt;. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly unused commitment fee of 10 basis points on the average daily balance of the unused portion of
the $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity_iI_pn5n6_c20210517__us-gaap--CreditFacilityAxis__us-gaap--RevolvingCreditFacilityMember__us-gaap--LineOfCreditFacilityAxis__custom--TDBankMember_zAXeg88eFyYl" title="Revolving credit, unused portion amount"&gt;25.0&lt;/span&gt; million commitment.&lt;/span&gt; IDT Telecom is required to comply with various affirmative and negative covenants as well as maintain certain
targets based on financial ratios during the term of the revolving credit facility. As of October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, IDT Telecom
was in compliance with all of the covenants.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:DebtDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity
      contextRef="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001425"
      unitRef="USD">25000000.0</us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityMaximumBorrowingCapacity>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCredit
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001427"
      unitRef="USD">0</us-gaap:LineOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCredit
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001429"
      unitRef="USD">0</us-gaap:LineOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001431"
      unitRef="USD">14200000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001433"
      unitRef="USD">14200000</us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001435"
      unitRef="USD">30300000</us-gaap:ProceedsFromLinesOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_IDTTelecomMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001437"
      unitRef="USD">30300000</us-gaap:RepaymentsOfLinesOfCredit>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityDescription
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember"
      id="Fact001439">The revolving credit facility is secured by primarily all of IDT Telecom&#x2019;s
assets. The principal outstanding bears interest per annum at the secured overnight financing rate published by the Federal Reserve Bank
of New York plus 10 basis points, plus depending upon IDT Telecom&#x2019;s leverage ratio as computed for the most recent fiscal quarter,
125 to 175 basis points. Interest is payable monthly, and all outstanding principal and any accrued and unpaid interest is due on May
16, 2026. IDT Telecom pays a quarterly unused commitment fee of 10 basis points on the average daily balance of the unused portion of
the $25.0 million commitment.</us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityDescription>
    <us-gaap:DebtInstrumentMaturityDate
      contextRef="From2021-05-172021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember"
      id="Fact001441">2026-05-16</us-gaap:DebtInstrumentMaturityDate>
    <us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity
      contextRef="AsOf2021-05-17_us-gaap_RevolvingCreditFacilityMember_custom_TDBankMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001443"
      unitRef="USD">25000000.0</us-gaap:LineOfCreditFacilityRemainingBorrowingCapacity>
    <us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001445">&lt;p id="xdx_80B_eus-gaap--MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock_zWtVY375cCEk" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
12&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82C_zlcFu1NWnpuk"&gt;Redeemable Noncontrolling Interest&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
September 29, 2021, NRS sold shares of its Class B common stock representing &lt;span id="xdx_90E_ecustom--SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction_pid_dp_uPure_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zFVDmhRwhli8" title="Capital stock outstanding percentage"&gt;2.5&lt;/span&gt;% of its outstanding capital stock on a fully diluted
basis to Alta Fox Opportunities Fund LP (&#x201c;Alta Fox&#x201d;) for cash of $&lt;span id="xdx_900_eus-gaap--SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction_pn6n6_c20210928__20210929__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zyOcKZXLl4C2" title="Sale of stock, consideration received on transaction"&gt;10&lt;/span&gt; million. Alta Fox has the right to request that NRS
redeem all or any portion of the NRS common shares that it purchased at the per share purchase price during a period of 182 days following
the fifth anniversary of this transaction. The redemption right shall terminate upon the consummation of (i) a sale of NRS or its assets
for cash or securities that are listed on a national securities exchange, (ii) a public offering of NRS&#x2019; securities, or (iii) a
distribution of NRS&#x2019; capital stock following which NRS&#x2019; common shares are listed on a national securities exchange.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
shares of NRS&#x2019; Class B common stock sold to Alta Fox have been classified as mezzanine equity in the accompanying consolidated
balance sheets because they may be redeemed at the option of Alta Fox, although the shares are not mandatorily redeemable. The carrying
amount of the shares includes the noncontrolling interest in the net income of NRS. The net income attributable to the mezzanine equity&#x2019;s
noncontrolling interest during the periods were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock_zvoPOjFByyR3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span style="display: none"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_zAzGPgPhUq6c"&gt;Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity&#x2019;s Noncontrolling Interest&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 92%; margin-left: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zdQQl94tZWXg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zWlYjOOvba6l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest_pn3n3_zy4BNUUkSr4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Net income of NRS attributable to the mezzanine equity&#x2019;s noncontrolling interest&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;138&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;107&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A3_z3F2abgQnlxg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;


&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:MinorityInterestDisclosureTextBlock>
    <IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction
      contextRef="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001447"
      unitRef="Pure">0.025</IDT:SaleOfStockPercentageOfSubsidiaryEquityIssuedInTransaction>
    <us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction
      contextRef="From2021-09-282021-09-29_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-6"
      id="Fact001449"
      unitRef="USD">10000000</us-gaap:SaleOfStockConsiderationReceivedOnTransaction>
    <us-gaap:RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001451">&lt;p id="xdx_891_eus-gaap--RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock_zvoPOjFByyR3" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span style="display: none"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B6_zAzGPgPhUq6c"&gt;Schedule of Net Income Attributable to Mezzanine Equity&#x2019;s Noncontrolling Interest&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 92%; margin-left: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_494_20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zdQQl94tZWXg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember__dei--LegalEntityAxis__custom--NationalRetailSolutionsMember_zWlYjOOvba6l" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40B_eus-gaap--NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest_pn3n3_zy4BNUUkSr4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Net income of NRS attributable to the mezzanine equity&#x2019;s noncontrolling interest&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;138&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;107&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:RedeemableNoncontrollingInterestTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001453"
      unitRef="USD">138000</us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember_custom_NationalRetailSolutionsMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001454"
      unitRef="USD">107000</us-gaap:NetIncomeLossAttributableToRedeemableNoncontrollingInterest>
    <us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001456">&lt;p id="xdx_80F_eus-gaap--StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_z8usEhQg63Re" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
13&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_82E_zyhO0CjV5fM8"&gt;Equity&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Dividend
Payments&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
the three months ended October 31, 2024, the Company paid a cash dividend of $&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonClassAandBMember_z5wvwKnPU6X6" title="Cash dividend per share"&gt;0.05&lt;/span&gt; per share on the Company&#x2019;s Class A and Class
B common stock. In the three months ended October 31, 2024, the Company paid aggregate cash dividends of $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--PaymentsOfDividends_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--CommonClassAandBMember_zZ1qfjXX03D6"&gt;1.3
&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;million.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Stock
Repurchases&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company has an existing stock repurchase program authorized by its Board of Directors for the repurchase of shares of the Company&#x2019;s
Class B common stock. In January 2016, the Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to &lt;span id="xdx_908_esrt--StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20160131__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zmiRQwoiXJyb" title="Repurchase of shares"&gt;8.0&lt;/span&gt; million shares in the aggregate. In the three months
ended October 31, 2024, the Company repurchased &lt;span id="xdx_90A_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_z3VKaFNwgb8g" title="Treasury stock, shares, acquired"&gt;37,714&lt;/span&gt; shares of its Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase price of $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zUTuirpxbqu7"&gt;1.3&lt;/span&gt; million.
In the three months ended October 31, 2023, the Company repurchased &lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_pid_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zTq36txIgMA8" title="Treasury stock, shares, acquired"&gt;125,470&lt;/span&gt; shares of its Class B common stock for an aggregate purchase
price of $&lt;span id="xdx_906_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember_zoVxTVWCWlr4"&gt;2.8&lt;/span&gt; million. At October 31, 2024, &lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_zDcMFzCl3QHc" title="Remained available repurchase, shares"&gt;4.4&lt;/span&gt; million shares remained available for repurchase under the stock repurchase program.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company paid $&lt;span id="xdx_904_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_pn5n6_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_z5B0IfouRSM9" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"&gt;1.1&lt;/span&gt;
million and $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zU4UVDwHLQN8" title="Aggregate purchase price of shares repurchased"&gt;15,000&lt;/span&gt;,
respectively, to repurchase &lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zpTZzqCKddG8" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"&gt;24,290&lt;/span&gt;
and &lt;span id="xdx_90F_eus-gaap--TreasuryStockSharesAcquired_c20230801__20231031__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__custom--ClassBCommonStockMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--EmployeesMember_zwYVDv7mAlmk" title="Class B common stock shares repurchased"&gt;654&lt;/span&gt;
shares, respectively, of the Company&#x2019;s Class B common stock that were tendered by employees of the Company to satisfy the
employees&#x2019; tax withholding obligations in connection with the lapsing of restrictions on restricted
stock and shares issued for bonus payments. Such shares were repurchased by the Company based on their fair market value as of the
close of business on the trading day immediately prior to the vesting date.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Amended
and Restated Employment Agreement with Abilio (&#x201c;Bill&#x201d;) Pereira&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
December 21, 2023, the Company entered into an Amended and Restated Employment Agreement with Bill Pereira, the Company&#x2019;s President
and Chief Operating Officer. The agreement provides for, among other things, certain equity grants and a contingent bonus subject to
the completion of certain financial milestones as set forth in the agreement. In October 2024, the Company issued to Mr. Pereira &lt;span id="xdx_902_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_pid_c20241001__20241031__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--BillPereiraMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zj7nA4c3h2zd" title="Issuance of shares"&gt;39,155&lt;/span&gt;
shares of its Class B common stock with an issue date value of $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_eus-gaap--StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues_pn5n6_c20241001__20241031__us-gaap--TypeOfArrangementAxis__custom--AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember__srt--TitleOfIndividualAxis__custom--BillPereiraMember__us-gaap--StatementClassOfStockAxis__us-gaap--CommonClassBMember_zHcYqRgLuRcj" title="Issuance of shares, value"&gt;1.8&lt;/span&gt; million in connection with the achievement of one of these milestones.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_CommonClassAandBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001458"
      unitRef="USDPShares">0.05</us-gaap:CommonStockDividendsPerShareCashPaid>
    <us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividends
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_CommonClassAandBMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001459"
      unitRef="USD">1300000</us-gaap:PaymentsOfDividends>
    <srt:StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased
      contextRef="AsOf2016-01-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001461"
      unitRef="Shares">8000000.0</srt:StockRepurchaseProgramNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001463"
      unitRef="Shares">37714</us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001464"
      unitRef="USD">1300000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001466"
      unitRef="Shares">125470</us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001467"
      unitRef="USD">2800000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001469"
      unitRef="Shares">4400000</us-gaap:StockRepurchaseProgramRemainingNumberOfSharesAuthorizedToBeRepurchased>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001471"
      unitRef="USD">1100000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember"
      decimals="0"
      id="Fact001473"
      unitRef="USD">15000</us-gaap:TreasuryStockValueAcquiredCostMethod>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001475"
      unitRef="Shares">24290</us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31_custom_ClassBCommonStockMember_custom_EmployeesMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001477"
      unitRef="Shares">654</us-gaap:TreasuryStockSharesAcquired>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues
      contextRef="From2024-10-012024-10-31_custom_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember_custom_BillPereiraMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001479"
      unitRef="Shares">39155</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues>
    <us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues
      contextRef="From2024-10-012024-10-31_custom_AmendedAndRestatedEmploymentAgreementMember_custom_BillPereiraMember_us-gaap_CommonClassBMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001481"
      unitRef="USD">1800000</us-gaap:StockIssuedDuringPeriodValueNewIssues>
    <us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001483">&lt;p id="xdx_809_eus-gaap--EarningsPerShareTextBlock_zqsHC7CQ77J7" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
14&#x2014; &lt;span id="xdx_82F_z8JPzgs4VHE6"&gt;Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Basic
earnings per share is computed by dividing net income attributable to all classes of common stockholders of the Company by the weighted
average number of shares of all classes of common stock outstanding during the applicable period. Diluted earnings per share is computed
in the same manner as basic earnings per share, except that the number of shares is increased to include restricted stock still subject
to risk of forfeiture and to assume exercise of potentially dilutive stock options using the treasury stock method, unless the effect
of such increase is anti-dilutive.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zbFkGf9UvF65" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#x2019;s
common stockholders consists of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_zbjzKJFWtrjh" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-left: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20240801__20241031_zmg5cNBfD2Ca" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zfxbQdWz8vN5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pn3n3_zMVlykajneq6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%"&gt;Basic weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;25,204&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;25,178&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Effect of dilutive securities:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_pn3n3_zzBbZCC3gSLi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Stock options&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1490"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_pn3n3_zPvKu500Euqc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Non-vested restricted Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;159&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;96&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pn3n3_zd15vPKohEod" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Diluted weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;25,363&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;25,277&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A7_z87Vx2uUg3v4" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;There
were &lt;span id="xdx_90E_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_do_c20240801__20241031_zGoYhEvlCuai" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount_do_c20230801__20231031_zZhKy9f4eE79" title="Shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share"&gt;no&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt; shares excluded from the calculation of diluted earnings per share in the three months ended October 31, 2024 and 2023.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:EarningsPerShareTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001485">&lt;p id="xdx_89C_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock_zbFkGf9UvF65" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
weighted-average number of shares used in the calculation of basic and diluted earnings per share attributable to the Company&#x2019;s
common stockholders consists of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8B8_zbjzKJFWtrjh" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Weighted-average Number of Shares Used in the Calculation of Basic and Diluted Earnings Per Share&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-left: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_497_20240801__20241031_zmg5cNBfD2Ca" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_496_20230801__20231031_zfxbQdWz8vN5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40D_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_pn3n3_zMVlykajneq6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%"&gt;Basic weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;25,204&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;25,178&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Effect of dilutive securities:&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants_pn3n3_zzBbZCC3gSLi" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left"&gt;Stock options&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&lt;span style="-sec-ix-hidden: xdx2ixbrl1490"&gt;&#x2014;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;3&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends_pn3n3_zPvKu500Euqc" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Non-vested restricted Class B common stock&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;159&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;96&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_400_eus-gaap--WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding_pn3n3_zd15vPKohEod" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Diluted weighted-average number of shares&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;25,363&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;25,277&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfEarningsPerShareDilutedByCommonClassTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001487"
      unitRef="Shares">25204000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001488"
      unitRef="Shares">25178000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001491"
      unitRef="Shares">3000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToCallOptionsAndWarrants>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001493"
      unitRef="Shares">159000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends>
    <us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001494"
      unitRef="Shares">96000</us-gaap:IncrementalCommonSharesAttributableToNonvestedSharesWithForfeitableDividends>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001496"
      unitRef="Shares">25363000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001497"
      unitRef="Shares">25277000</us-gaap:WeightedAverageNumberOfDilutedSharesOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001499"
      unitRef="Shares">0</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
    <us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001501"
      unitRef="Shares">0</us-gaap:AntidilutiveSecuritiesExcludedFromComputationOfEarningsPerShareAmount>
    <us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001503">&lt;p id="xdx_80D_eus-gaap--ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock_zisgHqGvbcp2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
15&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_825_zFp0KtHywOu1"&gt;Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_zpJ8vuAKXgZ9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_z1cMbNvDQOS2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unrealized Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Foreign Currency Translation&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%"&gt;Balance, July 31, 2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zLyfzwkMg3p7" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss"&gt;(380&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zlAR92uLPgN5" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss"&gt;(17,762&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_z9rHfPJH9jJg" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss"&gt;(18,142&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to IDT Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zYOcV7UNTQF7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;56&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zeM1Y6t9kxtc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(1,623&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_zE90Rxcz4mM5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(1,567&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balance, October 31, 2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zTGX2IZPM9z9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss"&gt;(324&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_z1U0dWYZcqv3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss"&gt;(19,385&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_z4Oi6cpblSje" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss"&gt;(19,709&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A3_zasD9F1YpXF9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:ComprehensiveIncomeNoteTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001505">&lt;p id="xdx_894_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock_zpJ8vuAKXgZ9" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
accumulated balances for each classification of other comprehensive income (loss) were as follows:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span id="xdx_8BD_z1cMbNvDQOS2" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule
of Accumulated Balances for Each Classification of Other Comprehensive Income Income (Loss)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-left: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 90%; margin-right: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Unrealized Loss on Available-for-Sale Securities&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Foreign Currency Translation&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid"&gt;&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt; &lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="10" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 46%"&gt;Balance, July 31, 2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zLyfzwkMg3p7" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss"&gt;(380&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zlAR92uLPgN5" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss"&gt;(17,762&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_986_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iS_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_z9rHfPJH9jJg" style="width: 14%; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss"&gt;(18,142&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left; padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to IDT Corporation&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_983_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zYOcV7UNTQF7" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;56&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_zeM1Y6t9kxtc" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(1,623&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_zE90Rxcz4mM5" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right" title="Other comprehensive (loss) income attributable to IDT Corporation"&gt;(1,567&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Balance, October 31, 2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98D_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember_zTGX2IZPM9z9" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss"&gt;(324&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_98F_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031__us-gaap--StatementEquityComponentsAxis__us-gaap--AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember_z1U0dWYZcqv3" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss"&gt;(19,385&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td id="xdx_982_eus-gaap--AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_iE_pn3n3_c20240801__20241031_z4Oi6cpblSje" style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right" title="Accumulated other comprehensive loss"&gt;(19,709&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfAccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001507"
      unitRef="USD">-380000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001509"
      unitRef="USD">-17762000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001511"
      unitRef="USD">-18142000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001513"
      unitRef="USD">56000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-012024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001515"
      unitRef="USD">-1623000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001517"
      unitRef="USD">-1567000</us-gaap:OtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedNetUnrealizedInvestmentGainLossMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001519"
      unitRef="USD">-324000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_us-gaap_AccumulatedTranslationAdjustmentMember"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001521"
      unitRef="USD">-19385000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001523"
      unitRef="USD">-19709000</us-gaap:AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax>
    <us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001525">&lt;p id="xdx_800_eus-gaap--CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock_zXlvqVUlqfQ2" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
16&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_824_z6BoT1ykRwqg"&gt;Commitments and Contingencies&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Legal
Proceedings&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
July 5, 2017, plaintiff JDS1, LLC, on behalf of itself and all other similarly situated stockholders of Straight Path, and
derivatively on behalf of Straight Path as nominal defendant, filed a putative class action and derivative complaint in the Court of
Chancery of the State of Delaware (the &#x201c;Court of Chancery&#x201d;) against the Company, The Patrick Henry Trust (a trust formed
by Howard S. Jonas that held record and beneficial ownership of certain shares of Straight Path he formerly held), Howard S. Jonas,
and each of Straight Path&#x2019;s directors. The complaint alleged that the Company aided and abetted Straight Path Chairman of the
Board and Chief Executive Officer Davidi Jonas, and Howard S. Jonas in his capacity as controlling stockholder of Straight Path, in
breaching their fiduciary duties to Straight Path in connection with the settlement of claims between Straight Path and the Company
related to potential indemnification claims concerning Straight Path&#x2019;s obligations under the Consent Decree it entered into
with the Federal Communications Commission (&#x201c;FCC&#x201d;), as well as the sale of Straight Path&#x2019;s subsidiary Straight
Path IP Group, Inc. to the Company in connection with that settlement. That action was consolidated with a similar action that was
initiated by The Arbitrage Fund. The Plaintiffs sought, among other things, (i) a declaration that the action may be maintained as a
class action or in the alternative, that demand on the Straight Path Board is excused; (ii) that the term sheet is invalid; (iii)
awarding damages for the unfair price stockholders received in the merger between Straight Path and Verizon Communications Inc. for
their shares of Straight Path&#x2019;s Class B common stock; and (iv) ordering Howard S. Jonas, Davidi Jonas, and the Company to
disgorge any profits for the benefit of the class Plaintiffs. On August 28, 2017, the Plaintiffs filed an amended complaint. The
trial was held in August and December 2022, and closing arguments were presented on May 3, 2023. On October 3, 2023, the Court of
Chancery dismissed all claims against the Company, and found that, contrary to the plaintiffs&#x2019;
allegations, the class suffered no damages. On July 22, 2024, oral argument was held in the Court of Chancery on the issue of attorney&#x2019;s fees sought by plaintiff&#x2019;s counsel against Howard S. Jonas. On October 29, 2024, the Court of Chancery issued a Memorandum Opinion denying plaintiff&#x2019;s counsel&#x2019;s
request for attorney&#x2019;s fees. The parties are drafting
the final order that will be submitted to the Court of Chancery for approval and entry. The plaintiffs will have 30 days from entry of the final order to file an appeal.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
addition to the foregoing, the Company is subject to other legal proceedings that have arisen in the ordinary course of business and
have not been finally adjudicated. Although there can be no assurance in this regard, the Company believes that none of the other legal
proceedings to which the Company is a party will have a material adverse effect on the Company&#x2019;s results of operations, cash flows,
or financial condition.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;




&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Sales
Tax Contingency&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;On
June 21, 2018, the United States Supreme Court rendered a decision in South Dakota v. Wayfair, Inc., holding that a state may require
a remote seller with no physical presence in the state to collect and remit sales tax on goods and services provided to purchasers in
the state, overturning certain existing court precedent. It is possible that one or more jurisdictions may assert that the Company has
liability for periods for which it has not collected sales, use or other similar taxes, and if such an assertion or assertions were successful
it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#x2019;s business, financial position, and operating results. One or more jurisdictions
may change their laws or policies to apply their sales, use or other similar taxes to the Company&#x2019;s operations, and if such changes
were made it could materially and adversely affect the Company&#x2019;s business, financial position, and operating results.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Regulatory
Fees Audit&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s 2017 FCC Form 499-A, which reported its calendar year 2016 revenue, was audited by the Universal Service Administrative
Company (&#x201c;USAC&#x201d;). The USAC&#x2019;s final decision imposed a $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss_iI_pn5n6_c20241031__srt--ProductOrServiceAxis__custom--FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember_zX667IhZUhT7" title="Final decision imposed"&gt;2.9&lt;/span&gt; million charge on the Company for the Federal Telecommunications
Relay Service (&#x201c;TRS&#x201d;) Fund. The Company has appealed the USAC&#x2019;s final decision to the FCC and does not intend to remit
payment for the TRS Fund fees unless and until a negative decision on its appeal has been issued. The Company has made certain changes
to its filing policies and procedures for years that remain potentially under audit. At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company&#x2019;s
accrued expenses included $&lt;span id="xdx_909_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_zdbQT4fUqVNa" title="Accrued liabilities"&gt;24.4&lt;/span&gt; million and $&lt;span id="xdx_90D_eus-gaap--AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent_iI_pn5n6_c20240731_zhG4Q6eQA6Wg" title="Accrued liabilities"&gt;25.9&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively, for FCC-related regulatory fees for the year covered by the
audit, as well as prior and subsequent years.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Purchase
Commitments&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;At
October 31, 2024, the Company had purchase commitments of $&lt;span id="xdx_903_eus-gaap--PurchaseObligation_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_z7HSzVtuUulb" title="Purchase obligation"&gt;1.3&lt;/span&gt; million primarily for equipment and services.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;Performance
Bonds&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;i&gt;&#160;&lt;/i&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company has performance bonds issued through third parties for the benefit of various states in order to comply with the states&#x2019;
financial requirements for money remittance licenses and telecommunications resellers. At October 31, 2024 and July 31, 2024, the Company
had aggregate performance bonds outstanding of $&lt;span id="xdx_908_ecustom--PerformanceBondsOutstanding_iI_pn5n6_c20241031_zA6rDhUkslc" title="Performance bonds outstanding"&gt;33.2&lt;/span&gt; million $&lt;span id="xdx_90B_ecustom--PerformanceBondsOutstanding_iI_pn5n6_c20240731_zI5dK00LQhye" title="Performance bonds outstanding"&gt;32.4&lt;/span&gt; million, respectively. The increase in the performance bonds was due
to increased money remittance transactions in the three months ended October 31, 2024 compared to prior periods.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:CommitmentsAndContingenciesDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31_custom_FederalTelecommunicationsRelayServicesFundMember"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001527"
      unitRef="USD">2900000</us-gaap:LossContingencyEstimateOfPossibleLoss>
    <us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001529"
      unitRef="USD">24400000</us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001531"
      unitRef="USD">25900000</us-gaap:AccruedLiabilitiesCurrentAndNoncurrent>
    <us-gaap:PurchaseObligation
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001533"
      unitRef="USD">1300000</us-gaap:PurchaseObligation>
    <IDT:PerformanceBondsOutstanding
      contextRef="AsOf2024-10-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001535"
      unitRef="USD">33200000</IDT:PerformanceBondsOutstanding>
    <IDT:PerformanceBondsOutstanding
      contextRef="AsOf2024-07-31"
      decimals="-5"
      id="Fact001537"
      unitRef="USD">32400000</IDT:PerformanceBondsOutstanding>
    <us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001539">&lt;p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock_zKH7pphiTYDg" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
17&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_824_z2AoiP81FMw7"&gt;Other Expense, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_zVRszNKZmOlk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
expense, net consists of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B2_zH2yqIdqcR4a" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-left: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240801__20241031_zwNaHACCQyN" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20230801__20231031_zafw8q4kjpwg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_z3wVWCVjFZWl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;135&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;(3,499&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_z6LwQErlk9I6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity in net loss of investee&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(780&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--GainLossOnInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_zxTjoQlRVZP8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Gains (losses) on investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;378&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(917&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OtherIncome_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_zvjid3RppXMk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(16&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(158&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_iT_pn3n3_mtNIEzeRA_zYKyz6ErNKb4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(283&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(5,586&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

&lt;p id="xdx_8A0_zUVHCWXobVnd" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:OtherIncomeAndOtherExpenseDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001541">&lt;p id="xdx_893_eus-gaap--ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock_zVRszNKZmOlk" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Other
expense, net consists of the following:&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;span id="xdx_8B2_zH2yqIdqcR4a" style="display: none"&gt;Schedule of Other (Expense) Income, Net&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-right: auto; border-collapse: collapse; width: 80%; margin-left: auto"&gt;
  &lt;tr style="display: none; vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49A_20240801__20241031_zwNaHACCQyN" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" id="xdx_49B_20230801__20231031_zafw8q4kjpwg" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
&lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;Three Months Ended&lt;br/&gt; October 31,&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2024&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="2" style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;2023&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td colspan="6" style="text-align: center; font-weight: bold"&gt;(in thousands)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="font-weight: bold"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_40F_eus-gaap--ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_z3wVWCVjFZWl" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 64%; text-align: left"&gt;Foreign currency transaction gains (losses)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;135&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 2%"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 14%; text-align: right"&gt;(3,499&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="width: 1%; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_z6LwQErlk9I6" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Equity in net loss of investee&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(780&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(1,012&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_409_eus-gaap--GainLossOnInvestments_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_zxTjoQlRVZP8" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;Gains (losses) on investments&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;378&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;(917&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_406_eus-gaap--OtherIncome_pn3n3_maNIEzeRA_zvjid3RppXMk" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;Other&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(16&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; text-align: right"&gt;(158&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 1pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: rgb(204,238,255)"&gt;
    &lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: right"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="text-align: left"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;tr id="xdx_401_eus-gaap--NonoperatingIncomeExpense_iT_pn3n3_mtNIEzeRA_zYKyz6ErNKb4" style="vertical-align: bottom; background-color: White"&gt;
    &lt;td style="padding-left: 10pt; padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;Total&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(283&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/td&gt;
    &lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: left"&gt;$&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="border-bottom: Black 2.5pt double; text-align: right"&gt;(5,586&lt;/td&gt;&lt;td style="padding-bottom: 2.5pt; text-align: left"&gt;)&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;
  &lt;/table&gt;

</us-gaap:ScheduleOfOtherNonoperatingIncomeExpenseTableTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001543"
      unitRef="USD">135000</us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized>
    <us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001544"
      unitRef="USD">-3499000</us-gaap:ForeignCurrencyTransactionGainLossRealized>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001546"
      unitRef="USD">-780000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001547"
      unitRef="USD">-1012000</us-gaap:IncomeLossFromEquityMethodInvestments>
    <us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001549"
      unitRef="USD">378000</us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments>
    <us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001550"
      unitRef="USD">-917000</us-gaap:GainLossOnInvestments>
    <us-gaap:OtherIncome
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001552"
      unitRef="USD">-16000</us-gaap:OtherIncome>
    <us-gaap:OtherIncome
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001553"
      unitRef="USD">-158000</us-gaap:OtherIncome>
    <us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001555"
      unitRef="USD">-283000</us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense>
    <us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense
      contextRef="From2023-08-012023-10-31"
      decimals="-3"
      id="Fact001556"
      unitRef="USD">-5586000</us-gaap:NonoperatingIncomeExpense>
    <us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001558">&lt;p id="xdx_80C_eus-gaap--IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_zub3wEeSrMjb" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;Note
18&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_827_zwF8ofyYE65b"&gt;Income Taxes&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&lt;b&gt;&#160;&lt;/b&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;The
Company&#x2019;s income tax expense in the three months ended October 31, 2024 was based on an effective tax rate of &lt;span id="xdx_905_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations_dp_uPure_c20240801__20241031_zJnipkxksG1i" title="Effective tax rate"&gt;25.4&lt;/span&gt;% compared to
&lt;span id="xdx_908_eus-gaap--EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations_dp_uPure_c20230801__20240731_zEIuVBcJdBY4" title="Effective tax rate"&gt;28.2&lt;/span&gt;% for fiscal 2024. The change in the estimated effective tax rate was mainly due to differences in the amount of taxable income earned
in the various taxing jurisdictions.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock>
    <us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations
      contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001560"
      unitRef="Pure">0.254</us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations>
    <us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations
      contextRef="From2023-08-012024-07-31"
      decimals="INF"
      id="Fact001562"
      unitRef="Pure">0.282</us-gaap:EffectiveIncomeTaxRateContinuingOperations>
    <us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001564">&lt;p id="xdx_804_eus-gaap--NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock_zGzEs7eggXki" style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0; text-indent: 0in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;Note
19&#x2014;&lt;span id="xdx_822_zuw4TiEqenX1"&gt;Recently Issued Accounting Standards Not Yet Adopted&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: center; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
November 2024, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (&#x201c;FASB&#x201d;) issued Accounting Standards Update (&#x201c;ASU&#x201d;) No.
2024-03, &lt;i&gt;Income Statement-Reporting Comprehensive Income-Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40)&lt;/i&gt;, to improve the
disclosures about an entity&#x2019;s expenses including more detailed information about the types of expenses in commonly presented expense
captions. At each interim and annual reporting period, entities will disclose in tabular format disaggregating information about prescribed
categories underlying relevant income statement captions, as well as the total amount of selling expense and a description of the composition
of its selling expense. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU for its fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2027. The Company
is evaluating the impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-09, &lt;i&gt;Income Taxes (Topic 740)&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures&lt;/i&gt;,
primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid disclosures as well as certain other amendments to income tax
disclosures. Entities will be required on an annual basis to consistently categorize and provide greater disaggregation of rate
reconciliation information and further disaggregate their income taxes paid. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU for
its fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2025. The amendments in this ASU should be applied on a prospective basis, although
retrospective application is permitted. The Company is evaluating the impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial
statements.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;&#160;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

&lt;p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: justify; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0pt; text-indent: 0.25in"&gt;&lt;span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt"&gt;In
December 2023, the FASB issued ASU No. 2023-08, &lt;i&gt;Intangibles-Goodwill and Other-Crypto Assets (Subtopic 350-60)&lt;/i&gt;, &lt;i&gt;Accounting
for and Disclosure of Crypto Assets&lt;/i&gt;, that changes the accounting for crypto assets from a cost-less-impairment model to fair value,
with changes recognized in net income each reporting period. The ASU also requires enhanced disclosures including, among other things,
the name, cost basis, fair value, and number of units for each significant holding, and a rollforward of annual activity including additions,
dispositions, gains, and losses. The Company will adopt the amendments in this ASU for its fiscal year beginning on August 1, 2025. The
ASU requires a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings as of adoption. The Company is evaluating the
impact that this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/p&gt;

</us-gaap:NewAccountingPronouncementsAndChangesInAccountingPrinciplesTextBlock>
    <IDT:NoInsiderTradingFlag contextRef="From2024-08-01to2024-10-31" id="Fact001566">true</IDT:NoInsiderTradingFlag>
    <link:footnoteLink
      xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link"
      xlink:type="extended">
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact000256"
          xlink:label="Fact000256"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnote id="Footnote000320" xlink:label="Footnote000320" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US"><xhtml:span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif; font-size: 10pt">Stock-based
  compensation included in: Technology and development expense &amp; Selling, general and administrative expense</xhtml:span></link:footnote>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact000256"
          xlink:to="Footnote000320"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact000257"
          xlink:label="Fact000257"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact000257"
          xlink:to="Footnote000320"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact000259"
          xlink:label="Fact000259"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact000259"
          xlink:to="Footnote000320"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact000260"
          xlink:label="Fact000260"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact000260"
          xlink:to="Footnote000320"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact000313"
          xlink:label="Fact000313"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact000313"
          xlink:to="Footnote000320"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact000315"
          xlink:label="Fact000315"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact000315"
          xlink:to="Footnote000320"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact000317"
          xlink:label="Fact000317"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact000317"
          xlink:to="Footnote000320"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact000319"
          xlink:label="Fact000319"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact000319"
          xlink:to="Footnote000320"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001191"
          xlink:label="Fact001191"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnote id="Footnote001302" xlink:label="Footnote001302" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">&#x2013; quoted
prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities</link:footnote>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001191"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001199"
          xlink:label="Fact001199"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001199"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1207"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1207"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1207"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001215"
          xlink:label="Fact001215"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001215"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1223"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1223"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1223"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1231"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1231"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1231"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1239"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1239"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1239"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001247"
          xlink:label="Fact001247"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001247"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001255"
          xlink:label="Fact001255"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001255"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1263"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1263"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1263"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001271"
          xlink:label="Fact001271"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001271"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1279"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1279"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1279"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1287"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1287"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1287"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1295"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1295"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1295"
          xlink:to="Footnote001302"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001193"
          xlink:label="Fact001193"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnote id="Footnote001303" xlink:label="Footnote001303" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">&#x2013; observable
inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities</link:footnote>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001193"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1201"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1201"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1201"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001209"
          xlink:label="Fact001209"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001209"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001217"
          xlink:label="Fact001217"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001217"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1225"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1225"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1225"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1233"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1233"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1233"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1241"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1241"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1241"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001249"
          xlink:label="Fact001249"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001249"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1257"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1257"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1257"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001265"
          xlink:label="Fact001265"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001265"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001273"
          xlink:label="Fact001273"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001273"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1281"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1281"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1281"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1289"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1289"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1289"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1297"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1297"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1297"
          xlink:to="Footnote001303"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1195"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1195"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnote id="Footnote001304" xlink:label="Footnote001304" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/footnote" xlink:type="resource" xml:lang="en-US">&#x2013; no observable
pricing inputs in the market</link:footnote>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1195"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1203"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1203"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1203"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001211"
          xlink:label="Fact001211"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001211"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001219"
          xlink:label="Fact001219"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001219"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001227"
          xlink:label="Fact001227"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001227"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001235"
          xlink:label="Fact001235"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001235"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001243"
          xlink:label="Fact001243"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001243"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1251"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1251"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1251"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#xdx2ixbrl1259"
          xlink:label="xdx2ixbrl1259"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="xdx2ixbrl1259"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001267"
          xlink:label="Fact001267"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001267"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001275"
          xlink:label="Fact001275"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001275"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001283"
          xlink:label="Fact001283"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001283"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001291"
          xlink:label="Fact001291"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001291"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
        <link:loc
          xlink:href="#Fact001299"
          xlink:label="Fact001299"
          xlink:type="locator"/>
        <link:footnoteArc
          xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/fact-footnote"
          xlink:from="Fact001299"
          xlink:to="Footnote001304"
          xlink:type="arc"/>
    </link:footnoteLink>
</xbrl>
</XML>
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
