Basis of Presentation	3 Months Ended
Oct. 31, 2025
Accounting Policies [Abstract]
Basis of Presentation	Note 1—Basis of Presentation The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of IDT Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company” or “IDT”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended October 31, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending July 31, 2026. The balance sheet at July 31, 2025 has been derived from the Company’s audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, please refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2025, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). The Company’s fiscal year ends on July 31 of each calendar year. Each reference below to a fiscal year refers to the fiscal year ending in the calendar year indicated (e.g., fiscal 2026 refers to the fiscal year ending July 31, 2026). As of October 31, 2025, the Company owned 94.0% of the outstanding shares of its subsidiary, net2phone 2.0, Inc. (“net2phone 2.0”), which owns and operates the net2phone segment, and 81.6% of the outstanding shares of National Retail Solutions (“NRS”). On a fully diluted basis assuming all the vesting criteria related to various rights granted have been met, the Company would own 90.1% of the equity of net2phone 2.0 and 79.5% of the equity of NRS. *Reclassifications* During the three months ended October 31, 2025, the Company reclassified certain prepaid expenses to accounts receivable. In the condensed consolidated balance sheet at July 31, 2025, $2.1 million previously included in “Prepaid expenses” was reclassified to “Trade accounts receivable,” and in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended October 31, 2024, cash provided by “Settlement assets, disbursement prefunding, prepaid expenses, other current assets, and other assets” of $0.9 million, was reclassified to cash provided by “Trade Accounts Receivable”. The corresponding amounts in prior periods were reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation. *Recently Adopted Accounting Standard* In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which enhances income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. This guidance also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures. The adoption of this update will be applied on a prospective basis and will require the Company to expand its income tax disclosures beginning with its fiscal 2026 Form 10-K, which includes further disaggregation of the income tax expense into federal, state, and foreign categories, enhanced detail in the effective tax rate reconciliation, and disclosure of income taxes paid by significant jurisdictions.

Basis of Presentation

3 Months Ended

Oct. 31, 2025

Note 1—Basis of Presentation

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of IDT Corporation and its subsidiaries (the “Company” or “IDT”) have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring accruals) considered necessary for a fair presentation have been included. Operating results for the three months ended October 31, 2025 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the fiscal year ending July 31, 2026. The balance sheet at July 31, 2025 has been derived from the Company’s audited financial statements at that date but does not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. For further information, please refer to the consolidated financial statements and footnotes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended July 31, 2025, as filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”).

The Company’s fiscal year ends on July 31 of each calendar year. Each reference below to a fiscal year refers to the fiscal year ending in the calendar year indicated (e.g., fiscal 2026 refers to the fiscal year ending July 31, 2026).

As of October 31, 2025, the Company owned 94.0% of the outstanding shares of its subsidiary, net2phone 2.0, Inc. (“net2phone 2.0”), which owns and operates the net2phone segment, and 81.6% of the outstanding shares of National Retail Solutions (“NRS”). On a fully diluted basis assuming all the vesting criteria related to various rights granted have been met, the Company would own 90.1% of the equity of net2phone 2.0 and 79.5% of the equity of NRS.

Reclassifications

During the three months ended October 31, 2025, the Company reclassified certain prepaid expenses to accounts receivable. In the condensed consolidated balance sheet at July 31, 2025, $2.1 million previously included in “Prepaid expenses” was reclassified to “Trade accounts receivable,” and in the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows for the three months ended October 31, 2024, cash provided by “Settlement assets, disbursement prefunding, prepaid expenses, other current assets, and other assets” of $0.9 million, was reclassified to cash provided by “Trade Accounts Receivable”. The corresponding amounts in prior periods were reclassified to conform to the current year’s presentation.

Recently Adopted Accounting Standard

In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740), Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures, which enhances income tax disclosures primarily related to the rate reconciliation and income taxes paid information. This guidance also includes certain other amendments to improve the effectiveness of income tax disclosures.

The adoption of this update will be applied on a prospective basis and will require the Company to expand its income tax disclosures beginning with its fiscal 2026 Form 10-K, which includes further disaggregation of the income tax expense into federal, state, and foreign categories, enhanced detail in the effective tax rate reconciliation, and disclosure of income taxes paid by significant jurisdictions.