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Significant accounting policies | 12 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2023
Disclosure Of Significant Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Significant accounting policies | Significant accounting policies Revenue recognition The Company’s main sources of revenue are subscriptions for its platforms and revenue from its payment processing services. In addition, the Company generates revenue from payment residuals, merchant cash advances, professional services and sales of hardware as described below. The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised services to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those services by applying the following steps: •Identifying the contract with a customer; •Identifying the performance obligations in the contract; •Determining the transaction price; •Allocating the transaction price; and •Recognizing revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation. The Company follows the guidance provided in IFRS 15, Appendix B, Principal versus Agent Considerations, for determining whether the revenue should be recognized based on the gross amount billed to a customer or the net amount retained. This determination is a matter of judgment that depends on the facts and circumstances of each arrangement. Sales taxes collected from customers and remitted to government authorities are excluded from revenue. The Company’s arrangements with customers can include multiple performance obligations. When contracts involve multiple performance obligations, the Company evaluates whether each performance obligation is distinct and should be accounted for as a separate unit of accounting. In the case of software subscriptions and hardware and other, the Company has determined that customers can benefit from each service on its own, and that each service being provided to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. Specifically, the Company considers the distinct performance obligations to be the software subscriptions and the hardware and implementation services. Payment processing services, payment residuals and merchant cash advances were also considered to be distinct performance obligations. The total transaction price is determined at the inception of the contract and allocated to each performance obligation based on their relative standalone selling prices. The Company determines the standalone selling price by considering internal evidence such as normal or consistently applied standalone selling prices. The determination of standalone selling prices is made through consultation with and approval by management, taking into consideration the Company’s go-to-market strategy. The Company may modify its pricing practices in the future as its go-to-market strategies evolve, which could result in changes in relative standalone selling prices. Discounts are allocated to each performance obligation to which they relate based on their relative standalone selling price. The Company generally receives payment from its customers on the invoice due date. In all other cases, payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, although terms generally include a requirement for payment within 14 to 30 days of the invoice date. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing and subsequent payment, we have determined the Company’s contracts generally do not include a significant financing component. Subscription revenue Software subscriptions include subscriptions to cloud-based solutions for both retail and hospitality platforms and for the Company's eCommerce offering. In addition to the core subscriptions outlined above, customers can purchase add-on services such as loyalty, delivery, advanced insights, accounting and inventory management, amongst others. Subscriptions include maintenance and support, which includes access to unspecified upgrades. The Company recognizes revenue for its software subscriptions ratably over the term of the contract commencing on the date the services are made available to customers. Transaction-based revenue The Company offers to its customers payment processing services, through connected terminals and online, that facilitate payment for goods and services sold by the customer to its consumers, for which the customers are charged a transaction fee. The Company recognizes revenue from payment processing services at the time of the transaction at the gross amount of consideration paid by the customer, as the Company is the principal in the arrangement with the customer. The Company is the principal as the Company controls the payment processing service before the customer receives it as the Company performs additional services which are integrated with the payment processing service prior to delivering the service to the customer. The Company also bears the risk for chargebacks and other financial losses if such amounts cannot be recovered from the customer and the Company has full discretion in establishing prices for the promised service. The Company’s software also interfaces with third parties that enable credit card processing. These third parties generate revenue from charging transaction fees that are generally a fixed amount per transaction, or a fixed percentage of the transaction processed. As part of integrating with the solutions of these third parties, the Company negotiates a revenue share with them whereby the Company receives a portion of the revenues generated by the third parties. In addition, the Company has contracted with a number of third-party vendors that sell products to the same customers as the Company. The Company refers its customers to these vendors and earns a referral fee. The Company recognizes the revenues it receives from third-party vendors at the point in time when they are due from third-party vendors. These revenues are recognized at the net amount retained by the Company, whereby only the portion of revenues that the Company receives (or which is due) from the third-party vendor is recognized. The Company also earns revenue from eligible customers through its merchant cash advance ("MCA") program, Lightspeed Capital. Under this program, the Company purchases a designated amount of future receivables at a discount, and the customer remits a fixed percentage of their daily sales to the Company until the outstanding balance has been fully remitted. The Company evaluates identified underwriting criteria including, but not limited to, the number of years in business, the nature of the business, and historical sales data, prior to purchasing the eligible customer's future receivables to help assess collectibility. As each MCA agreement does not have contractual terms that give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the MCA balance outstanding, each MCA is recorded at fair value through profit or loss. The initial fair value is generally equal to the transaction price, being the fair value of the consideration provided to the customer, reduced by any amounts that are not expected to be collected. The fair value of each MCA is reassessed at the end of each fiscal quarter. The amount of transaction-based revenue recognized from MCAs in the period is calculated as the gross amounts remitted by the customer in the period, reduced by the difference in value between the initial fair value and the reassessed fair value at the end of the period, excluding movements in the fair value that relate to amounts that are deemed uncollectible which are recognized within general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss. The Company is responsible for purchasing the designated amount of future receivables, bears the risk of financial losses if the receivables cannot be recovered from the customer, and the Company has full discretion in establishing the fees charged. The Company incurs processing and other fees with third-party platforms involved in the Company's MCA program, which are recorded as direct costs of revenue. Hardware and other revenue For retail and hospitality customers, the Company’s software integrates with various hardware solutions required to operate a location. As part of the sale process to both new and existing customers, the Company acts as a reseller of the hardware. Such sales consist primarily of hardware peripherals. In addition, in some cases where customers would like assistance deploying the Company’s software or integrating the Company’s software with other systems or setting up their eCommerce store, the Company provides professional services customized to the customer. Hardware equipment revenues are recognized at a point in time, namely when ownership passes to the customer, in accordance with the shipping terms, at the gross amount of consideration paid by the customer, as the Company is the principal in the arrangement with the customer. The Company is the principal as the Company controls the hardware equipment before the customer receives it. Most professional services are sold on a time-and-materials basis. Consulting engagements can last anywhere from one day to several weeks and are based strictly on the customer’s requirements. The Company’s software can typically be used as delivered to the customer. The Company’s professional services are generally not essential to the functionality of the software. For services performed on a time-and-materials basis, revenues are recognized as the services are delivered at the gross amount of consideration paid by the customer, as the Company is the principal in the arrangement with the customer. The Company is the principal as the Company controls the professional services before they are transferred to the customer. Direct cost of revenues Direct cost of revenues includes subscription cost of revenue, transaction-based cost of revenue and hardware and other cost of revenue. Subscription cost of revenue consists primarily of employee expenses related to support services provided by the Company to its customers, and amounts paid to our third-party cloud service providers. Transaction-based cost of revenue consists primarily of direct costs related to payment processing services and the Company's merchant cash advance program and employee expenses. The Company incurs costs of interchange and network assessment fees, processing fees, and bank settlement fees to third-party payment processors and financial institutions involved in settlement, which are recorded as direct costs of revenue. Hardware and other cost of revenue consists of costs associated with our hardware solutions, expenses related to implementation services provided to customers, and employee expenses. Contract assets The Company records contract assets ("commission assets") for selling commissions paid at the inception of a contract that are incremental costs of obtaining the contract if the Company expects to recover those costs. Commission assets are subsequently amortized on a systematic basis consistent with the pattern of the transfer of the good or service to which the commission asset relates. The Company applies the practical expedient that allows it to determine the pattern of the transfer of the good or service for a portfolio of contracts that have similar characteristics. For contracts where the amortization period of the commission assets would have been one year or less, the Company uses the practical expedient that allows it to recognize the incremental costs of obtaining those contracts as an expense when incurred. The Company records contract assets for discounts provided to customers at the inception of a contract. Contract assets are subsequently amortized against revenue on a systematic basis consistent with the term to which the contract asset relates. Deferred revenue Deferred revenue mainly comprises fees collected or contractually due for services in which the applicable revenue recognition criteria have not been met. This balance will be recognized as revenue as the services are performed. Cash and cash equivalents Cash comprises cash on deposit at banks. The Company considers all short term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash, with original maturities at their acquisition date of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Restricted cash and restricted deposits The Company can be required to hold a defined amount of cash as collateral under the terms of certain business combination arrangements and lease agreements. Cash deposits held by the Company that have restrictions governing their use are classified as restricted cash, current or long-term, based on the remaining length of the restriction. Inventories Inventories, consisting of hardware equipment only, are recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value with cost determined using the weighted average cost method. The Company provides an allowance for obsolescence based on estimated product life cycles, usage levels and technology changes. Changes in these estimates are reflected in the determination of cost of revenues. The amount of any write-down of inventories to net realizable value, and all losses on inventories, are recognized as an expense in the year during which the impairment or loss occurs. Deferred financing costs The Company records deferred financing costs related to its credit facilities when it is probable that some or all of the facilities will be drawn down. The deferred financing costs were amortized over the term of the related financing arrangement. The long-term debt was recorded at amortized cost using the effective interest method, net of deferred financing costs. Research and development tax credits Research and development costs are expensed as incurred, net of tax credits. The Company’s research and development tax credits consist primarily of tax credits for the development of e-business and tax credits for non-refundable research and development. The Company recognizes research and development tax credits as a reduction of research and development and other related expenditures. Property and equipment Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Furniture and equipment are depreciated over five years, and computer equipment is depreciated over three years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the term of their associated leases. Leasehold improvements in progress are not depreciated until the related asset is ready for use. Intangible assets Acquired identifiable intangible assets Intangible assets are stated at cost, less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, if any. Amortization is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Software technologies that are acquired through business combinations are amortized over three to five years, customer relationships acquired through business combinations are amortized over three to six years and purchased software licenses are amortized over the term of the license. Internally generated intangible assets For internally generated intangible assets, expenditure on research activities is recognized as an expense in the period in which it is incurred. The Company recognizes internal development costs as intangible assets only when the following criteria are met: the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset exists, there is an intent to complete and an ability to use or sell the intangible asset, the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits, there are adequate resources available to complete the development and to use or sell the intangible asset, and there is the ability to reliably measure the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development. The amount initially recognized for internally-generated intangible assets is the sum of the expenditures incurred from the date when the intangible asset first meets the recognition criteria listed above until the asset is in the condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. Where no internally-generated intangible asset can be recognized, internal development costs are recognized as research and development expense in the period in which they are incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, internally-generated intangible assets are reported at cost, less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, on the same basis as acquired identifiable intangible assets. Internally generated intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the internally generated intangible assets. Impairment of long-lived assets The Company evaluates its property and equipment and intangible assets with finite useful lives for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or cash-generating unit ("CGU") may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use. For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or CGUs. Goodwill and impairment of goodwill Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of net tangible and identifiable assets of a business acquired in a business combination. After initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses, if any. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is tested at the Company's operating segment level (the "Segment"), which is the level at which management monitors goodwill. The Company reviews the carrying value of goodwill in accordance with International Accounting Standard (IAS) 36, Impairment of Assets, on an annual basis on December 31 or more frequently if events or a change in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the goodwill is below its carrying amount. Goodwill impairment is determined by assessing the recoverable amount of the Segment. The Segment's recoverable amount is the higher of the Segment's fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. A quantitative analysis was performed to determine the fair value less costs of disposal. Note 16 discusses the method and assumptions used for impairment testing. Business combinations The Company follows the acquisition method to account for business combinations in accordance with IFRS 3, Business Combinations. The acquisition method of accounting requires that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at their estimated fair values on the date of a business acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value is recorded as goodwill. The amounts included in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss under acquisition-related compensation arise from business combinations made by the Company. Acquisition costs that are tied to continuing employment of pre-existing shareholders are required to be recognized as acquisition-related compensation and recognized in accordance with the vesting terms in the acquisition agreement. Consequently, those costs are not included in the total purchase consideration of the business combination. Our share-based acquisition-related compensation follows the guidance in IFRS 2, Share-Based Payment. All other costs that are not eligible for capitalization related to the acquisition are expensed as incurred. New information obtained during the measurement period, up to 12 months following the acquisition date, about facts and circumstances existing at the acquisition date affect the acquisition accounting. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss. Government assistance Government assistance is recognized when there is reasonable assurance that it will be received and all related conditions will be complied with. When the government assistance relates to an expense item, it is recognized as a reduction of expense over the period necessary to match the government assistance on a systematic basis to the costs that it is intended to subsidize. Income taxes Current tax The current tax payable is based on taxable income for the year. Taxable income differs from income as reported in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other periods and items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. Deferred tax Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable income. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable income against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilized will be available. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognized if the temporary difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable income nor the accounting income. The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable income will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realized, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Company intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis. Current and deferred tax Current and deferred tax are recognized as an expense or income in net loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized outside of net loss (whether in other comprehensive income (loss) or directly in deficit), in which case the tax is also recognized outside of net loss. Provisions Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. Restructuring provisions are recognized when the Company has put in place a detailed restructuring plan which has been communicated in sufficient detail to create a constructive obligation. Restructuring provisions include only costs directly related to the restructuring plan, and are measured at the best estimate of the amount required to settle the Company's obligations. Restructuring expense also includes other expenses that directly arise from the restructuring, are necessarily entailed by the restructuring and not associated with the ongoing activities of the Company. If the known expected settlement date exceeds 12 months from the date of recognition, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax interest rate that reflects the risks specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance cost. Provisions are reviewed at the end of each reporting period and adjusted as appropriate. Leases At the inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether: •The contract involves the use of an identified asset - this may be specified explicitly or implicitly, and should be physically distinct or represent substantially all of the capacity of a physically distinct asset. If the supplier has a substantive substitution right, then the asset is not identified. •The Company has the right to obtain substantially all the economic benefits from the use of the asset throughout the period of use; and •The Company has the right to direct the use of the asset. The Company has this right when it has the decision-making rights that are most relevant to changing how and for what purpose the asset is used. At inception or on reassessment of a contract that contains a lease component, the Company allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component on the basis of their relative standalone prices. As a lessee The Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received prior to the commencement date. The lease term is determined based on the non-cancellable period for which the Company has the right to use an underlying asset. The lease term is adjusted, if applicable, for periods covered by extension and termination options to the extent that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise them. The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term, which is considered the appropriate useful life of any such asset. In addition, the right-of-use asset is reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability, to the extent necessary. The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, net of lease incentives receivables, that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using an incremental borrowing rate if the rate implicit in the lease arrangement is not readily determinable. Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments and variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate as at the commencement date. The lease liability is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, lease term, or if the Company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise an extension or termination option. When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero. Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets The Company has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognizes the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term. On the consolidated statement of cash flows, lease payments related to short-term leases, low value assets and variable lease payments not included in lease liabilities are classified as cash flows used in operating activities, whereas the remaining lease payments are classified as cash flows used in financing activities. Equity incentive plans The Company has multiple equity incentive plans and records all share-based payments at their respective fair values. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense over the vesting period of the tranche of awards being considered. The fair value of stock options granted to employees is generally estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company also estimates forfeitures at the time of grant and revises its estimate, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from these estimates. Any consideration paid by employees on exercising stock options and the corresponding portion previously credited to additional paid-in capital are credited to share capital. The Black-Scholes option pricing model used by the Company to calculate option values was developed to estimate the fair value. This model also requires assumptions, including expected option life, volatility, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield, which greatly affect the calculated values. Expected option life is determined using the time-to-vest-plus-historical-calculation-from-vest-date method that derives the expected life based on a combination of each tranche’s time to vest plus the actual or expected life of an award based on the past activity or remaining time to expiry on outstanding awards. Expected volatility is determined using comparable companies for which the information is publicly available. The risk-free interest rate is determined based on the rate at the time of grant and cancellation for zero-coupon Canadian government securities with a remaining term equal to the expected life of the option. Dividend yield is based on the expected annual dividend rate at the time of grant. Expected forfeiture is derived from historical forfeiture rates. The fair value of options that contain market performance conditions is measured using the Monte Carlo pricing model to estimate the Company's potential future share price. Market conditions are considered in the fair value estimate on the grant date and this fair value is not revised subsequently. The fair value of restricted share units ("RSUs"), deferred share units ("DSUs") and performance share units which include non-market performance conditions ("PSUs") is measured using the fair value of the Company's shares as if the units were vested and issued on the grant date. An estimate of forfeitures is applied when determining share-based compensation expense as well as estimating the probability of meeting related performance conditions where applicable. If the vesting date of certain stock options or share awards is accelerated as part of a restructuring, the expense directly related to the acceleration of the stock options or share awards is recognized as a component of restructuring. Employee benefits The Company maintains defined contribution plans for which it pays fixed contributions to administered pension insurance plans on a mandatory or contractual basis. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution pension plans are recognized as employee compensation as the services are provided. Segment information The Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") is the Chief Executive Officer. The CODM is the highest level of management responsible for assessing Lightspeed’s overall performance and making operational decisions such as resource allocations related to operations, product prioritization, and delegation of authority. Management has determined that the Company operates in a single operating and reportable segment. Loss per share Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to holders of the Company's Common Shares by the weighted average number of Common Shares outstanding during the year. Diluted loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to holders of the Company's Common Shares by the weighted average number of Common Shares outstanding during the year, plus the effect of potentially-dilutive securities outstanding during the year. The Company uses the treasury stock method to the extent that the effect is dilutive. As a result of net losses incurred, all potentially-dilutive securities have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share because including them would be anti-dilutive. Financial instruments Financial assets Initial recognition and measurement The Company’s financial assets comprise cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted deposits, trade and other receivables, merchant cash advances, foreign exchange forward contracts, investments and other assets. All financial assets are recognized initially at fair value, plus, in the case of financial assets that are not measured at fair value through profit and loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Purchases and sales of financial assets are recognized on the settlement date being the date that the Company receives or delivers the asset. Receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. They are included in current assets except for those with maturities greater than 12 months after the reporting period. Subsequent measurement Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted deposits, merchant cash advances, foreign exchange forward contracts and investments are carried at fair value with gains and losses recognized in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss. Trade receivables are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. For information on impairment losses on trade receivables, refer to the Impairment of financial assets section below. Derecognition Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired or when the financial assets are written off. Impairment of financial assets The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is any evidence that its trade receivables are impaired. The Company uses the simplified approach for measuring impairment for its trade receivables as these financial assets do not have a significant financing component as defined under IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Therefore, the Company does not determine if the credit risk for these instruments has increased significantly since initial recognition. Instead, a loss allowance is recognized based on lifetime expected credit losses (“ECL”) at each reporting date. Impairment losses and subsequent reversals are recognized in profit or loss and are the amounts required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognized based on the aforementioned policy. The Company has established a provision matrix that is based on its historical credit loss experiences, adjusted for forward-looking factors specific to the debtors and the economic environment. The carrying amount of the asset is reduced through the use of an allowance account and the amount of the loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss. Trade receivables are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery. Financial liabilities Initial recognition and measurement The Company’s financial liabilities comprise accounts payable and accrued liabilities, lease liabilities, other liabilities, long-term debt and foreign exchange forward contracts. All financial liabilities except lease liabilities are recognized initially at fair value. The Company assesses whether embedded derivative financial instruments are required to be separated from host contracts when the Company first becomes party to the contract. Subsequent measurements After initial recognition, financial liabilities, excluding contingent consideration and foreign exchange forward contracts, are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The effective interest method amortization is included as a finance cost in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss. Financial liabilities are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting date. The Company accounts for contingent consideration as a financial liability measured at fair value through profit or loss and subsequently re-measures fair value at the end of each reporting period. The fair value of the contingent consideration, if above nil, is presented as a component of accounts payable and accrued liabilities as well as other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The change in the fair value of the contingent consideration, if any, is recognized within general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss. Derecognition Financial liabilities are derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged, cancelled, or expires. Gains and losses are recognized in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss when the liabilities are derecognized. Foreign exchange forward contracts The Company designates certain foreign exchange forward contracts as cash flow hedges when all the requirements in IFRS 9, Financial Instruments are met. The Company recognizes these foreign exchange forward contracts as either assets or liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and these contracts are measured at fair value at each reporting period. The asset and liability positions of the foreign exchange forward contracts are included in other current assets and accounts payable and accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, respectively. The Company reflects the gain or loss on the effective portion of a cash flow hedge in other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently reclassifies cumulative gains and losses to direct cost of revenues, general and administrative, research and development, or sales and marketing expenses, depending on the risk hedged, when the hedged transactions impact the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss. If the hedged transactions become probable of not occurring, the corresponding amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are immediately reclassified to finance income or costs. Foreign exchange forward contracts that do not meet the requirements in IFRS 9, Financial Instruments to be designated as a cash flow hedge, are classified as derivative instruments not designated for hedging. The Company measures these instruments at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in finance income or costs. To date, the Company has not had any foreign exchange forward contracts that do not meet the requirements in IFRS 9, Financial Instruments to be designated as a cash flow hedge. Foreign currency translation Functional and presentation currency The functional as well as the presentation currency of Lightspeed is the US dollar. Items included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company are measured in the functional currency, which is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates. Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transactions or when items are remeasured. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the changes at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognized in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss. Foreign operations The results and financial position of all the Company entities that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into US dollars as follows: assets and liabilities are translated at the closing rate at the reporting date; income and expenses for each statement of operation are translated at average exchange rates; and all resulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss). For foreign currency translation purposes, goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the acquisition of a foreign operation are treated as assets and liabilities of the operation and translated at the closing rate at each reporting date. New accounting pronouncements New accounting pronouncements are issued by the IASB or other standard-setting bodies, and they are adopted by the Company as at the specified effective date. New and amended standards and interpretations adopted by the Company The IASB has issued amendments to IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment to prohibit deducting from the cost of an item of property, plant and equipment any proceeds from selling items produced before that asset is available for use. The amendments also clarify the meaning of "testing whether an asset is functioning properly". The IASB also issued an amendment to IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets to clarify the cost of fulfilling a contract in assessing whether a contract is onerous. These amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 37 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022, with early application permitted. The Company has adopted these amendments as of April 1, 2022. There was no impact on the Company's accounting policies or the consolidated financial statements as a result of adopting such amendments. There were no other IFRS or International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) interpretations effective as of April 1, 2022 that had a material impact on the Company's accounting policies or the consolidated financial statements. New and amended standards and interpretations issued not yet effective At the date of authorization of these financial statements, the Company has not yet applied the following new and revised IFRS Standards that have been issued but are not yet effective. The IASB has issued IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts standardizing how to recognize, measure, present and disclose insurance contracts, amendments to IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors clarifying how to distinguish changes in accounting policies from changes in accounting estimates, amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements requiring companies to disclose their material accounting policy information and amendments to IAS 12 Income Taxes requiring companies to recognize deferred tax on particular transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise to equal amounts of taxable and deductible temporary differences. The new IFRS 17 standard and these amendments to IAS 8, IAS 1 and IAS 12 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023, with early application permitted. The IASB has also issued amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements affecting the presentation of liabilities as current or non-current in the statement of financial position and they have also issued amendments to IFRS 16 Leases to include variable payments when measuring a lease liability arising from a sale-and-leaseback transaction. These amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS 16 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2024, with early application permitted. The Company does not expect that the adoption of the standards listed above will have a material impact on the financial statements of the Company in future periods.

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