Lightspeed Commerce Inc.
Consolidated Financial Statements
March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars)

Management's Annual Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Management of the Company, under the supervision of the Chief Executive Officer and the Chief Financial Officer, is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting. Internal control over financial reporting is designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board.
Management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have assessed the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission ("COSO"). Based on this assessment, management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, have determined that the Company's internal control over financial reporting was effective as at March 31, 2023.
The effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as at March 31, 2023 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report included herein.
May 18, 2023

/s/ Jean Paul Chauvet
Jean Paul Chauvet
Chief Executive Officer

/s/ Asha Bakshani
Asha Bakshani
Chief Financial Officer

2

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Shareholders and Board of Directors of Lightspeed Commerce Inc.
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Lightspeed Commerce Inc. and its subsidiaries (together, the Company) as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, and the related consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss, changes in shareholders’ equity and cash flows for the years then ended, including the related notes (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of March 31, 2023 and 2022, and its financial performance and its cash flows for the years then ended in conformity with International Financial Reporting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of March 31, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.
Basis for Opinions
The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Annual Report on Internal Controls over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
3

Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matter communicated below is a matter arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that was communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relates to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements; and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matter below, providing a separate opinion on the critical audit matter or on the accounts or disclosures to which it relates.
Goodwill impairment assessment
As described in Notes 3, 4 and 16 to the consolidated financial statements, the carrying amount of the Company’s goodwill balance is $1,351 million as of March 31, 2023. Management reviews the carrying value of goodwill on an annual basis on December 31 or more frequently if events or a change in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the goodwill is below its carrying amount. Goodwill impairment is determined by assessing the recoverable amount at the Company’s operating segment level (Segment), which is the level at which management monitors goodwill. The Segment's recoverable amount is the higher of the Segment's fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. Management completed an impairment test of goodwill as of December 31, 2022 using a fair value less costs of disposal method. This test resulted in a non-cash impairment charge of $749 million. The recoverable amount of the Company’s Segment was estimated using an income approach, more specifically, a discounted cash flow model. Key assumptions used by management in the discounted cash flow model included revenue growth rate, terminal value multiple and discount rate.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to goodwill impairment assessment is a critical audit matter are (i) the judgment by management when determining the recoverable amount of the Company’s Segment; (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures and evaluating management’s key assumptions related to revenue growth rate, terminal value multiple, and the discount rate; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s goodwill impairment assessment, including controls over the determination of the recoverable amount of the Company’s Segment. These procedures also included, among others (i) testing management’s process for determining the recoverable amount (ii) evaluating the appropriateness of the fair value less costs of disposal method; (iii) testing the completeness and accuracy of underlying data used in the discounted cash flow model; and (iv) evaluating the reasonableness of the key assumptions used by management related to the revenue growth rate, terminal value multiple, and the discount rate. Evaluating management’s key assumption related to the revenue growth rate involved evaluating whether the assumption used by management was reasonable considering (i) the current and past performance of the Company’s Segment; (ii) the consistency with external market and industry data; and (iii) whether this assumption was consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge were used to assist in the evaluation of the Company’s discounted cash flow model and key assumptions related to the terminal value multiple and the discount rate.
Chartered Professional Accountants, Licensed Public Accountants
/s/PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Montreal, Canada
May 18, 2023
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 2015.
4

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Consolidated Balance Sheets
As at March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars)
| Notes | 2023 | 2022
Assets |  | $ | $
Current assets |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | 27 | 800,154 |  | 953,654 |
Trade and other receivables | 11, 27 | 84,334 |  | 45,766 |
Inventories | 6 | 12,839 |  | 7,540 |
Other current assets | 5, 12 | 37,005 |  | 35,535 |
Total current assets |  | 934,332 |  | 1,042,495 |
Lease right-of-use assets, net | 13, 29 | 20,973 |  | 25,539 |
Property and equipment, net | 14, 29 | 19,491 |  | 16,456 |
Intangible assets, net | 15, 29 | 311,450 |  | 409,568 |
Goodwill | 16, 29 | 1,350,645 |  | 2,104,368 |
Other long-term assets | 5, 17 | 31,540 |  | 21,400 |
Deferred tax assets | 22 | 301 |  | 154 |
Total assets |  | 2,668,732 |  | 3,619,980 |
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 18, 24, 27 | 68,827 |  | 78,307 |
Lease liabilities | 13 | 6,617 |  | 7,633 |
Income taxes payable | 22 | 6,919 |  | 6,718 |
Deferred revenue | 5 | 68,094 |  | 65,194 |
Total current liabilities |  | 150,457 |  | 157,852 |
Deferred revenue | 5 | 1,226 |  | 2,121 |
Lease liabilities | 13 | 18,574 |  | 23,037 |
Long-term debt | 19 | — |  | 29,841 |
Other long-term liabilities |  | 1,026 |  | 1,007 |
Deferred tax liabilities | 22 | — |  | 6,833 |
Total liabilities |  | 171,283 |  | 220,691 |
Shareholders’ equity |  |  |
Share capital | 20 | 4,298,683 |  | 4,199,025 |
Additional paid-in capital | 25 | 198,022 |  | 123,777 |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | 21, 27 | (3,057) |  | 2,677 |
Accumulated deficit |  | (1,996,199) |  | (926,190) |
Total shareholders’ equity |  | 2,497,449 |  | 3,399,289 |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity |  | 2,668,732 |  | 3,619,980 |
Commitments and contingencies | 23, 24 |  |

Approved by the Board of Directors
/s/ Paul McFeeters Director /s/ Jean Paul Chauvet Director
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
5

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Consolidated Statements of Loss and Comprehensive Loss
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 |  |  |
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except per share amounts) |  |  |
| Notes | 2023 | 2022
|  | $ | $
Revenues | 5, 29 | 730,506 |  | 548,372 |
Direct cost of revenues | 6, 7, 8 | 398,545 |  | 277,199 |
Gross profit |  | 331,961 |  | 271,173 |
Operating expenses |  |  |
General and administrative | 7, 8 | 105,939 |  | 95,253 |
Research and development | 7, 8 | 140,442 |  | 121,150 |
Sales and marketing | 7, 8 | 250,371 |  | 216,659 |
Depreciation of property and equipment | 14 | 5,471 |  | 4,993 |
Depreciation of right-of-use assets | 13 | 8,244 |  | 7,743 |
Foreign exchange loss (gain) |  | (199) |  | 611 |
Acquisition-related compensation |  | 41,792 |  | 50,491 |
Amortization of intangible assets | 15 | 101,546 |  | 91,812 |
Restructuring | 8, 24 | 28,683 |  | 803 |
Goodwill impairment | 16 | 748,712 |  | — |
Total operating expenses |  | 1,431,001 |  | 589,515 |
Operating loss |  | (1,099,040) |  | (318,342) |
Net interest income | 9 | 24,812 |  | 2,988 |
Loss before income taxes |  | (1,074,228) |  | (315,354) |
Income tax expense (recovery) | 22 |  |
Current |  | 2,469 |  | 1,103 |
Deferred |  | (6,688) |  | (28,024) |
Total income tax recovery |  | (4,219) |  | (26,921) |
Net loss |  | (1,070,009) |  | (288,433) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 21, 27 |  |
Items that may be reclassified to net loss |  |  |
Foreign currency differences on translation of foreign operations |  | (5,586) |  | (7,061) |
Change in net unrealized gain (loss) on cash flow hedging instruments |  | (148) |  | 23 |
Total other comprehensive loss |  | (5,734) |  | (7,038) |
Total comprehensive loss |  | (1,075,743) |  | (295,471) |
Net loss per share – basic and diluted | 10 | (7.11) |  | (2.04) |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
6

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows |  |
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 |  |
(expressed in thousands of US dollars) | 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Cash flows from (used in) operating activities |  |
Net loss | (1,070,009) |  | (288,433) |
Items not affecting cash and cash equivalents |  |
Share-based acquisition-related compensation | 40,219 |  | 45,042 |
Amortization of intangible assets | 101,546 |  | 91,812 |
Depreciation of property and equipment and lease right-of-use assets | 13,715 |  | 12,736 |
Deferred income taxes | (6,688) |  | (28,024) |
Share-based compensation expense | 129,167 |  | 108,916 |
Unrealized foreign exchange loss | 100 |  | 5 |
Goodwill impairment | 748,712 |  | — |
(Increase)/decrease in operating assets and increase/(decrease) in operating liabilities |  |
Trade and other receivables | (35,159) |  | (5,384) |
Inventories | (5,299) |  | (5,967) |
Other assets | (9,986) |  | (25,008) |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | (9,015) |  | 6,842 |
Income taxes payable | 201 |  | 1,077 |
Deferred revenue | 2,005 |  | 4,552 |
Other long-term liabilities | 19 |  | (2,396) |
Net interest income | (24,812) |  | (2,988) |
Total operating activities | (125,284) |  | (87,218) |
Cash flows from (used in) investing activities |  |
Additions to property and equipment | (9,227) |  | (10,653) |
Additions to intangible assets | (3,894) |  | — |
Acquisition of businesses, net of cash acquired | — |  | (559,429) |
Purchase of investments | (1,519) |  | — |
Movement in restricted term deposits | — |  | 344 |
Interest income | 23,457 |  | 5,807 |
Total investing activities | 8,817 |  | (563,931) |
Cash flows from (used in) financing activities |  |
Proceeds from exercise of stock options | 4,710 |  | 17,494 |
Proceeds from issuance of share capital | — |  | 823,515 |
Share issuance costs | (193) |  | (34,190) |
Repayment of long-term debt | (30,000) |  | — |
Payment of lease liabilities net of incentives and movement in restricted lease deposits | (8,870) |  | (6,952) |
Financing costs | (1,058) |  | (1,810) |
Total financing activities | (35,411) |  | 798,057 |
Effect of foreign exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | (1,622) |  | (404) |
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents during the year | (153,500) |  | 146,504 |
Cash and cash equivalents – Beginning of year | 953,654 |  | 807,150 |
Cash and cash equivalents – End of year | 800,154 |  | 953,654 |
Bank interest paid | 375 |  | 937 |
Income taxes paid | 1,154 |  | 748 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
7

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)
|  | Issued and Outstanding Shares |  |  |  |
| Notes | Number of shares | Amount | Additional paid-in capital | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | Accumulated deficit | Total
|  |  | $ | $ | $ | $ | $
Balance as at March 31, 2021 |  | 128,528,515 |  | 2,526,448 |  | 35,877 |  | 9,715 |  | (637,757) |  | 1,934,283 |
Net loss |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (288,433) |  | (288,433) |
Issuance of shares upon public offerings | 20 | 8,855,000 |  | 823,515 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 823,515 |
Share issuance costs | 20 | — |  | (33,984) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (33,984) |
Exercise of stock options and settlement of share awards | 25 | 1,332,218 |  | 38,510 |  | (21,016) |  | — |  | — |  | 17,494 |
Share-based compensation | 25 | — |  | — |  | 108,916 |  | — |  | — |  | 108,916 |
Share-based acquisition-related compensation |  | 638,323 |  | 45,042 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 45,042 |
Shares issued in connection with business combination |  | 9,307,256 |  | 799,494 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 799,494 |
Other comprehensive loss | 21, 27 | — |  | — |  | — |  | (7,038) |  | — |  | (7,038) |
Balance as at March 31, 2022 |  | 148,661,312 |  | 4,199,025 |  | 123,777 |  | 2,677 |  | (926,190) |  | 3,399,289 |
Net loss |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (1,070,009) |  | (1,070,009) |
Share issuance costs | 20 | — |  | (193) |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | (193) |
Exercise of stock options and settlement of share awards | 25 | 2,224,787 |  | 59,632 |  | (54,922) |  | — |  | — |  | 4,710 |
Share-based compensation | 25 | — |  | — |  | 129,167 |  | — |  | — |  | 129,167 |
Share-based acquisition-related compensation |  | 284,206 |  | 40,219 |  | — |  | — |  | — |  | 40,219 |
Other comprehensive loss | 21, 27 | — |  | — |  | — |  | (5,734) |  | — |  | (5,734) |
Balance as at March 31, 2023 |  | 151,170,305 |  | 4,298,683 |  | 198,022 |  | (3,057) |  | (1,996,199) |  | 2,497,449 |

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.
8

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

1. Organization and nature of operations
Lightspeed Commerce Inc. ("Lightspeed" or the "Company") was incorporated on March 21, 2005 under the Canada Business Corporations Act. Its head office is located at Gare Viger, 700 Saint-Antoine St. East, Suite 300, Montréal, Quebec, Canada. Lightspeed’s one-stop commerce platform provides its customers with the critical functionalities they need to engage with consumers, manage their operations, accept payments, and grow their business. Lightspeed has customers globally in over 100 countries, empowering single- and multi-location small and medium-sized businesses to compete in an omni-channel market environment by engaging with consumers across online, mobile, social, and physical channels.
The Company’s shares are listed on both the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") and the New York Stock Exchange ("NYSE") under the stock symbol "LSPD".
2. Basis of presentation and consolidation
These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with International Financial Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB") and were approved for issue by the Board of Directors (the "Board") of the Company on May 18, 2023.
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared on a historical cost basis, except for our lease liabilities which are measured at present value and certain financial assets and liabilities, which have been measured at fair value as described below. The consolidated financial statements provide comparative information in respect of the previous year. Certain comparative figures have been reclassified in order to conform to the current year presentation.
The consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Lightspeed and its wholly-owned subsidiaries including, but not limited to: Alcmene S.à r.l., Lightspeed Payments USA Inc., Kounta Pty Ltd, Lightspeed Commerce USA Inc., Upserve, Inc., Vend Limited, Lightspeed NuORDER Inc. and Ecwid, Inc. (collectively, the "subsidiaries"). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated on consolidation.
Subsidiaries are all entities over which the Company has control. The Company controls an entity when the Company is exposed, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. The financial statements of all subsidiaries, including those of new subsidiaries of Lightspeed from the reporting period starting on their acquisition or incorporation date, are prepared for the same reporting period as Lightspeed using Lightspeed’s accounting policies. All subsidiaries are fully consolidated until the date that Lightspeed’s control ceases.
3. Significant accounting policies
Revenue recognition
The Company’s main sources of revenue are subscriptions for its platforms and revenue from its payment processing services. In addition, the Company generates revenue from payment residuals, merchant cash advances, professional services and sales of hardware as described below.
The Company recognizes revenue to depict the transfer of promised services to its customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled in exchange for those services by applying the following steps:
•Identifying the contract with a customer;
9

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

•Identifying the performance obligations in the contract;
•Determining the transaction price;
•Allocating the transaction price; and
•Recognizing revenue when, or as, the Company satisfies a performance obligation.
The Company follows the guidance provided in IFRS 15, Appendix B, Principal versus Agent Considerations, for determining whether the revenue should be recognized based on the gross amount billed to a customer or the net amount retained. This determination is a matter of judgment that depends on the facts and circumstances of each arrangement.
Sales taxes collected from customers and remitted to government authorities are excluded from revenue.
The Company’s arrangements with customers can include multiple performance obligations. When contracts involve multiple performance obligations, the Company evaluates whether each performance obligation is distinct and should be accounted for as a separate unit of accounting. In the case of software subscriptions and hardware and other, the Company has determined that customers can benefit from each service on its own, and that each service being provided to the customer is separately identifiable from other promises in the contract. Specifically, the Company considers the distinct performance obligations to be the software subscriptions and the hardware and implementation services. Payment processing services, payment residuals and merchant cash advances were also considered to be distinct performance obligations.
The total transaction price is determined at the inception of the contract and allocated to each performance obligation based on their relative standalone selling prices. The Company determines the standalone selling price by considering internal evidence such as normal or consistently applied standalone selling prices. The determination of standalone selling prices is made through consultation with and approval by management, taking into consideration the Company’s go-to-market strategy. The Company may modify its pricing practices in the future as its go-to-market strategies evolve, which could result in changes in relative standalone selling prices. Discounts are allocated to each performance obligation to which they relate based on their relative standalone selling price.
The Company generally receives payment from its customers on the invoice due date. In all other cases, payment terms and conditions vary by contract type, although terms generally include a requirement for payment within 14 to 30 days of the invoice date. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of invoicing and subsequent payment, we have determined the Company’s contracts generally do not include a significant financing component.
Subscription revenue
Software subscriptions include subscriptions to cloud-based solutions for both retail and hospitality platforms and for the Company's eCommerce offering. In addition to the core subscriptions outlined above, customers can purchase add-on services such as loyalty, delivery, advanced insights, accounting and inventory management, amongst others. Subscriptions include maintenance and support, which includes access to unspecified upgrades. The Company recognizes revenue for its software subscriptions ratably over the term of the contract commencing on the date the services are made available to customers.
Transaction-based revenue
The Company offers to its customers payment processing services, through connected terminals and online, that facilitate payment for goods and services sold by the customer to its consumers, for which the customers are charged a transaction fee. The Company recognizes revenue from payment processing services at the time of the transaction at the gross amount of consideration paid by the customer, as the Company is the principal in the arrangement with the customer. The Company is the principal as the Company controls the payment processing service before the customer receives it as the Company performs additional services which are integrated with the payment processing service prior to delivering the
10

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

service to the customer. The Company also bears the risk for chargebacks and other financial losses if such amounts cannot be recovered from the customer and the Company has full discretion in establishing prices for the promised service.
The Company’s software also interfaces with third parties that enable credit card processing. These third parties generate revenue from charging transaction fees that are generally a fixed amount per transaction, or a fixed percentage of the transaction processed. As part of integrating with the solutions of these third parties, the Company negotiates a revenue share with them whereby the Company receives a portion of the revenues generated by the third parties. In addition, the Company has contracted with a number of third-party vendors that sell products to the same customers as the Company. The Company refers its customers to these vendors and earns a referral fee. The Company recognizes the revenues it receives from third-party vendors at the point in time when they are due from third-party vendors. These revenues are recognized at the net amount retained by the Company, whereby only the portion of revenues that the Company receives (or which is due) from the third-party vendor is recognized.
The Company also earns revenue from eligible customers through its merchant cash advance ("MCA") program, Lightspeed Capital. Under this program, the Company purchases a designated amount of future receivables at a discount, and the customer remits a fixed percentage of their daily sales to the Company until the outstanding balance has been fully remitted. The Company evaluates identified underwriting criteria including, but not limited to, the number of years in business, the nature of the business, and historical sales data, prior to purchasing the eligible customer's future receivables to help assess collectibility. As each MCA agreement does not have contractual terms that give rise on specified dates to cash flows that are solely payments of principal and interest on the MCA balance outstanding, each MCA is recorded at fair value through profit or loss. The initial fair value is generally equal to the transaction price, being the fair value of the consideration provided to the customer, reduced by any amounts that are not expected to be collected. The fair value of each MCA is reassessed at the end of each fiscal quarter. The amount of transaction-based revenue recognized from MCAs in the period is calculated as the gross amounts remitted by the customer in the period, reduced by the difference in value between the initial fair value and the reassessed fair value at the end of the period, excluding movements in the fair value that relate to amounts that are deemed uncollectible which are recognized within general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss. The Company is responsible for purchasing the designated amount of future receivables, bears the risk of financial losses if the receivables cannot be recovered from the customer, and the Company has full discretion in establishing the fees charged. The Company incurs processing and other fees with third-party platforms involved in the Company's MCA program, which are recorded as direct costs of revenue.
Hardware and other revenue
For retail and hospitality customers, the Company’s software integrates with various hardware solutions required to operate a location. As part of the sale process to both new and existing customers, the Company acts as a reseller of the hardware. Such sales consist primarily of hardware peripherals. In addition, in some cases where customers would like assistance deploying the Company’s software or integrating the Company’s software with other systems or setting up their eCommerce store, the Company provides professional services customized to the customer.
Hardware equipment revenues are recognized at a point in time, namely when ownership passes to the customer, in accordance with the shipping terms, at the gross amount of consideration paid by the customer, as the Company is the principal in the arrangement with the customer. The Company is the principal as the Company controls the hardware equipment before the customer receives it.
Most professional services are sold on a time-and-materials basis. Consulting engagements can last anywhere from one day to several weeks and are based strictly on the customer’s requirements. The Company’s software can typically be used as delivered to the customer. The Company’s professional services are generally not essential to the functionality of the software. For services performed on a time-and-materials basis, revenues are recognized as the services are delivered at the gross amount of consideration paid by the customer, as the Company is the principal in the arrangement with the customer. The Company is the principal as the Company controls the professional services before they are transferred to the customer.
11

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

Direct cost of revenues
Direct cost of revenues includes subscription cost of revenue, transaction-based cost of revenue and hardware and other cost of revenue. Subscription cost of revenue consists primarily of employee expenses related to support services provided by the Company to its customers, and amounts paid to our third-party cloud service providers. Transaction-based cost of revenue consists primarily of direct costs related to payment processing services and the Company's merchant cash advance program and employee expenses. The Company incurs costs of interchange and network assessment fees, processing fees, and bank settlement fees to third-party payment processors and financial institutions involved in settlement, which are recorded as direct costs of revenue. Hardware and other cost of revenue consists of costs associated with our hardware solutions, expenses related to implementation services provided to customers, and employee expenses.
Contract assets
The Company records contract assets ("commission assets") for selling commissions paid at the inception of a contract that are incremental costs of obtaining the contract if the Company expects to recover those costs. Commission assets are subsequently amortized on a systematic basis consistent with the pattern of the transfer of the good or service to which the commission asset relates. The Company applies the practical expedient that allows it to determine the pattern of the transfer of the good or service for a portfolio of contracts that have similar characteristics. For contracts where the amortization period of the commission assets would have been one year or less, the Company uses the practical expedient that allows it to recognize the incremental costs of obtaining those contracts as an expense when incurred.
The Company records contract assets for discounts provided to customers at the inception of a contract. Contract assets are subsequently amortized against revenue on a systematic basis consistent with the term to which the contract asset relates.
Deferred revenue
Deferred revenue mainly comprises fees collected or contractually due for services in which the applicable revenue recognition criteria have not been met. This balance will be recognized as revenue as the services are performed.
Cash and cash equivalents
Cash comprises cash on deposit at banks. The Company considers all short term highly liquid investments that are readily convertible into known amounts of cash, with original maturities at their acquisition date of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Restricted cash and restricted deposits
The Company can be required to hold a defined amount of cash as collateral under the terms of certain business combination arrangements and lease agreements. Cash deposits held by the Company that have restrictions governing their use are classified as restricted cash, current or long-term, based on the remaining length of the restriction.
Inventories
Inventories, consisting of hardware equipment only, are recorded at the lower of cost and net realizable value with cost determined using the weighted average cost method. The Company provides an allowance for obsolescence based on estimated product life cycles, usage levels and technology changes. Changes in these estimates are reflected in the determination of cost of revenues. The amount of any write-down of inventories to net realizable value, and all losses on inventories, are recognized as an expense in the year during which the impairment or loss occurs.
Deferred financing costs
The Company records deferred financing costs related to its credit facilities when it is probable that some or all of the facilities will be drawn down. The deferred financing costs were amortized over the term of the related financing
12

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

arrangement. The long-term debt was recorded at amortized cost using the effective interest method, net of deferred financing costs.
Research and development tax credits
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred, net of tax credits. The Company’s research and development tax credits consist primarily of tax credits for the development of e-business and tax credits for non-refundable research and development. The Company recognizes research and development tax credits as a reduction of research and development and other related expenditures.
Property and equipment
Property and equipment are stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and impairment losses, if any. Depreciation is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Furniture and equipment are depreciated over five years, and computer equipment is depreciated over three years. Leasehold improvements are depreciated on a straight-line basis over the shorter of their estimated useful lives or the term of their associated leases. Leasehold improvements in progress are not depreciated until the related asset is ready for use.
Intangible assets
Acquired identifiable intangible assets
Intangible assets are stated at cost, less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, if any. Amortization is calculated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the related assets. Software technologies that are acquired through business combinations are amortized over three to five years, customer relationships acquired through business combinations are amortized over three to six years and purchased software licenses are amortized over the term of the license.
Internally generated intangible assets
For internally generated intangible assets, expenditure on research activities is recognized as an expense in the period in which it is incurred. The Company recognizes internal development costs as intangible assets only when the following criteria are met: the technical feasibility of completing the intangible asset exists, there is an intent to complete and an ability to use or sell the intangible asset, the intangible asset will generate probable future economic benefits, there are adequate resources available to complete the development and to use or sell the intangible asset, and there is the ability to reliably measure the expenditure attributable to the intangible asset during its development. The amount initially recognized for internally-generated intangible assets is the sum of the expenditures incurred from the date when the intangible asset first meets the recognition criteria listed above until the asset is in the condition necessary for it to be capable of operating in the manner intended by management. Where no internally-generated intangible asset can be recognized, internal development costs are recognized as research and development expense in the period in which they are incurred. Subsequent to initial recognition, internally-generated intangible assets are reported at cost, less accumulated amortization and impairment losses, on the same basis as acquired identifiable intangible assets. Internally generated intangible assets are amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the internally generated intangible assets.
Impairment of long-lived assets
The Company evaluates its property and equipment and intangible assets with finite useful lives for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset or cash-generating unit ("CGU") may not be recoverable. An impairment loss is recognized for the amount by which the asset’s carrying amount exceeds its recoverable amount. The recoverable amount is the higher of an asset’s fair value less costs of disposal and value in use.
13

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

For the purposes of assessing impairment, assets are grouped at the lowest levels for which there are separately identifiable cash inflows which are largely independent of the cash inflows from other assets or CGUs.
Goodwill and impairment of goodwill
Goodwill represents the excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value of net tangible and identifiable assets of a business acquired in a business combination. After initial recognition, goodwill is measured at cost less any accumulated impairment losses, if any. For the purpose of impairment testing, goodwill acquired in a business combination is tested at the Company's operating segment level (the "Segment"), which is the level at which management monitors goodwill.
The Company reviews the carrying value of goodwill in accordance with International Accounting Standard (IAS) 36, Impairment of Assets, on an annual basis on December 31 or more frequently if events or a change in circumstances indicate that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the goodwill is below its carrying amount. Goodwill impairment is determined by assessing the recoverable amount of the Segment. The Segment's recoverable amount is the higher of the Segment's fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use. A quantitative analysis was performed to determine the fair value less costs of disposal. Note 16 discusses the method and assumptions used for impairment testing.
Business combinations
The Company follows the acquisition method to account for business combinations in accordance with IFRS 3, Business Combinations. The acquisition method of accounting requires that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at their estimated fair values on the date of a business acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value is recorded as goodwill.
The amounts included in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss under acquisition-related compensation arise from business combinations made by the Company. Acquisition costs that are tied to continuing employment of pre-existing shareholders are required to be recognized as acquisition-related compensation and recognized in accordance with the vesting terms in the acquisition agreement. Consequently, those costs are not included in the total purchase consideration of the business combination. Our share-based acquisition-related compensation follows the guidance in IFRS 2, Share-Based Payment. All other costs that are not eligible for capitalization related to the acquisition are expensed as incurred.
New information obtained during the measurement period, up to 12 months following the acquisition date, about facts and circumstances existing at the acquisition date affect the acquisition accounting. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period or final determination of the values of assets acquired or liabilities assumed, whichever comes first, any subsequent adjustments are recorded in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss.
Government assistance
Government assistance is recognized when there is reasonable assurance that it will be received and all related conditions will be complied with. When the government assistance relates to an expense item, it is recognized as a reduction of expense over the period necessary to match the government assistance on a systematic basis to the costs that it is intended to subsidize.
Income taxes
Current tax
The current tax payable is based on taxable income for the year. Taxable income differs from income as reported in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss because of items of income or expense that are taxable or deductible in other periods and items that are never taxable or deductible. The Company’s liability for current tax is calculated using tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period.
14

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

Deferred tax
Deferred tax is recognized on temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities in the consolidated financial statements and the corresponding tax bases used in the computation of taxable income. Deferred tax liabilities are recognized for all taxable temporary differences. Deferred tax assets are recognized for all deductible temporary differences to the extent that it is probable that taxable income against which those deductible temporary differences can be utilized will be available. Such deferred tax assets and liabilities are not recognized if the temporary difference arises from goodwill or from the initial recognition (other than in a business combination) of other assets and liabilities in a transaction that affects neither the taxable income nor the accounting income.
The carrying amount of deferred tax assets is reviewed at the end of each reporting period and reduced to the extent that it is no longer probable that sufficient taxable income will be available to allow all or part of the asset to be recovered.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured at the tax rates that are expected to apply in the period in which the liability is settled or the asset realized, based on tax rates (and tax laws) that have been enacted or substantively enacted by the end of the reporting period. The measurement of deferred tax liabilities and assets reflects the tax consequences that would follow from the manner in which the Company expects, at the end of the reporting period, to recover or settle the carrying amount of its assets and liabilities.
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are offset when there is a legally enforceable right to offset current tax assets against current tax liabilities and when they relate to income taxes levied by the same taxation authority and the Company intends to settle its current tax assets and liabilities on a net basis.
Current and deferred tax
Current and deferred tax are recognized as an expense or income in net loss, except when they relate to items that are recognized outside of net loss (whether in other comprehensive income (loss) or directly in deficit), in which case the tax is also recognized outside of net loss.
Provisions
Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation.
Restructuring provisions are recognized when the Company has put in place a detailed restructuring plan which has been communicated in sufficient detail to create a constructive obligation. Restructuring provisions include only costs directly related to the restructuring plan, and are measured at the best estimate of the amount required to settle the Company's obligations. Restructuring expense also includes other expenses that directly arise from the restructuring, are necessarily entailed by the restructuring and not associated with the ongoing activities of the Company.
If the known expected settlement date exceeds 12 months from the date of recognition, provisions are discounted using a current pre-tax interest rate that reflects the risks specific to the liability. Where discounting is used, the increase in the provision due to the passage of time is recognized as a finance cost. Provisions are reviewed at the end of each reporting period and adjusted as appropriate.
Leases
At the inception of a contract, the Company assesses whether a contract is, or contains, a lease. A contract is, or contains, a lease if the contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration. To assess whether a contract conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset, the Company assesses whether:
15

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

•The contract involves the use of an identified asset - this may be specified explicitly or implicitly, and should be physically distinct or represent substantially all of the capacity of a physically distinct asset. If the supplier has a substantive substitution right, then the asset is not identified.
•The Company has the right to obtain substantially all the economic benefits from the use of the asset throughout the period of use; and
•The Company has the right to direct the use of the asset. The Company has this right when it has the decision-making rights that are most relevant to changing how and for what purpose the asset is used.
At inception or on reassessment of a contract that contains a lease component, the Company allocates the consideration in the contract to each lease component on the basis of their relative standalone prices.
As a lessee
The Company recognizes a right-of-use asset and a lease liability at the lease commencement date. The right-of-use asset is initially measured at cost, which comprises the initial amount of the lease liability adjusted for any lease payments made at or before the commencement date, plus any initial direct costs incurred and an estimate of costs to dismantle and remove the underlying asset or to restore the underlying asset or the site on which it is located, less any lease incentives received prior to the commencement date.
The lease term is determined based on the non-cancellable period for which the Company has the right to use an underlying asset. The lease term is adjusted, if applicable, for periods covered by extension and termination options to the extent that the Company is reasonably certain to exercise them.
The right-of-use asset is subsequently depreciated using the straight-line method from the commencement date to the end of the lease term, which is considered the appropriate useful life of any such asset. In addition, the right-of-use asset is reduced by impairment losses, if any, and adjusted for certain remeasurements of the lease liability, to the extent necessary.
The lease liability is initially measured at the present value of the lease payments, net of lease incentives receivables, that are not paid at the commencement date, discounted using an incremental borrowing rate if the rate implicit in the lease arrangement is not readily determinable.
Lease payments included in the measurement of the lease liability comprise fixed payments, including in-substance fixed payments and variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, initially measured using the index or rate as at the commencement date.
The lease liability is subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. It is remeasured when there is a change in future lease payments arising from a change in an index or rate, lease term, or if the Company changes its assessment of whether it will exercise an extension or termination option. When the lease liability is remeasured in this way, a corresponding adjustment is made to the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset, or is recorded in profit or loss if the carrying amount of the right-of-use asset has been reduced to zero.
Short-term leases and leases of low-value assets
The Company has elected not to recognize right-of-use assets and lease liabilities for short-term leases that have a lease term of 12 months or less and leases of low-value assets. The Company recognizes the lease payments associated with these leases as an expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.
On the consolidated statement of cash flows, lease payments related to short-term leases, low value assets and variable lease payments not included in lease liabilities are classified as cash flows used in operating activities, whereas the remaining lease payments are classified as cash flows used in financing activities.
16

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

Equity incentive plans
The Company has multiple equity incentive plans and records all share-based payments at their respective fair values. The Company recognizes share-based compensation expense over the vesting period of the tranche of awards being considered. The fair value of stock options granted to employees is generally estimated at the date of grant using the Black-Scholes option pricing model. The Company also estimates forfeitures at the time of grant and revises its estimate, if necessary, in subsequent periods if actual forfeitures differ from these estimates. Any consideration paid by employees on exercising stock options and the corresponding portion previously credited to additional paid-in capital are credited to share capital.
The Black-Scholes option pricing model used by the Company to calculate option values was developed to estimate the fair value. This model also requires assumptions, including expected option life, volatility, risk-free interest rate and dividend yield, which greatly affect the calculated values. Expected option life is determined using the time-to-vest-plus-historical-calculation-from-vest-date method that derives the expected life based on a combination of each tranche’s time to vest plus the actual or expected life of an award based on the past activity or remaining time to expiry on outstanding awards. Expected volatility is determined using comparable companies for which the information is publicly available. The risk-free interest rate is determined based on the rate at the time of grant and cancellation for zero-coupon Canadian government securities with a remaining term equal to the expected life of the option. Dividend yield is based on the expected annual dividend rate at the time of grant. Expected forfeiture is derived from historical forfeiture rates.
The fair value of options that contain market performance conditions is measured using the Monte Carlo pricing model to estimate the Company's potential future share price. Market conditions are considered in the fair value estimate on the grant date and this fair value is not revised subsequently.
The fair value of restricted share units ("RSUs"), deferred share units ("DSUs") and performance share units which include non-market performance conditions ("PSUs") is measured using the fair value of the Company's shares as if the units were vested and issued on the grant date. An estimate of forfeitures is applied when determining share-based compensation expense as well as estimating the probability of meeting related performance conditions where applicable.
If the vesting date of certain stock options or share awards is accelerated as part of a restructuring, the expense directly related to the acceleration of the stock options or share awards is recognized as a component of restructuring.
Employee benefits
The Company maintains defined contribution plans for which it pays fixed contributions to administered pension insurance plans on a mandatory or contractual basis. The Company has no further payment obligations once the contributions have been paid. Obligations for contributions to defined contribution pension plans are recognized as employee compensation as the services are provided.
Segment information
The Company’s Chief Operating Decision Maker ("CODM") is the Chief Executive Officer. The CODM is the highest level of management responsible for assessing Lightspeed’s overall performance and making operational decisions such as resource allocations related to operations, product prioritization, and delegation of authority. Management has determined that the Company operates in a single operating and reportable segment.
17

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

Loss per share
Basic loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to holders of the Company's Common Shares by the weighted average number of Common Shares outstanding during the year. Diluted loss per share is calculated by dividing net loss attributable to holders of the Company's Common Shares by the weighted average number of Common Shares outstanding during the year, plus the effect of potentially-dilutive securities outstanding during the year. The Company uses the treasury stock method to the extent that the effect is dilutive. As a result of net losses incurred, all potentially-dilutive securities have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share because including them would be anti-dilutive.
Financial instruments
Financial assets
Initial recognition and measurement
The Company’s financial assets comprise cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted deposits, trade and other receivables, merchant cash advances, foreign exchange forward contracts, investments and other assets. All financial assets are recognized initially at fair value, plus, in the case of financial assets that are not measured at fair value through profit and loss, transaction costs that are attributable to the acquisition of the financial asset. Purchases and sales of financial assets are recognized on the settlement date being the date that the Company receives or delivers the asset. Receivables are non-derivative financial assets with fixed or determinable payments that are not quoted in an active market. They are included in current assets except for those with maturities greater than 12 months after the reporting period.
Subsequent measurement
Cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted deposits, merchant cash advances, foreign exchange forward contracts and investments are carried at fair value with gains and losses recognized in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss.
Trade receivables are carried at amortized cost using the effective interest rate method. For information on impairment losses on trade receivables, refer to the Impairment of financial assets section below.
Derecognition
Financial assets are derecognized when the rights to receive cash flows from the asset have expired or when the financial assets are written off.
Impairment of financial assets
The Company assesses at each reporting date whether there is any evidence that its trade receivables are impaired. The Company uses the simplified approach for measuring impairment for its trade receivables as these financial assets do not have a significant financing component as defined under IFRS 15, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. Therefore, the Company does not determine if the credit risk for these instruments has increased significantly since initial recognition. Instead, a loss allowance is recognized based on lifetime expected credit losses (“ECL”) at each reporting date. Impairment losses and subsequent reversals are recognized in profit or loss and are the amounts required to adjust the loss allowance at the reporting date to the amount that is required to be recognized based on the aforementioned policy. The Company has established a provision matrix that is based on its historical credit loss experiences, adjusted for forward-looking factors specific to the debtors and the economic environment. The carrying amount of the asset is reduced through the use of an allowance account and the amount of the loss is recognized in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss. Trade receivables are written off when there is no reasonable expectation of recovery.
18

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

Financial liabilities
Initial recognition and measurement
The Company’s financial liabilities comprise accounts payable and accrued liabilities, lease liabilities, other liabilities, long-term debt and foreign exchange forward contracts. All financial liabilities except lease liabilities are recognized initially at fair value. The Company assesses whether embedded derivative financial instruments are required to be separated from host contracts when the Company first becomes party to the contract.
Subsequent measurements
After initial recognition, financial liabilities, excluding contingent consideration and foreign exchange forward contracts, are subsequently measured at amortized cost using the effective interest method. The effective interest method amortization is included as a finance cost in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss.
Financial liabilities are classified as current liabilities unless the Company has an unconditional right to defer settlement of the liability for at least 12 months after the reporting date.
The Company accounts for contingent consideration as a financial liability measured at fair value through profit or loss and subsequently re-measures fair value at the end of each reporting period. The fair value of the contingent consideration, if above nil, is presented as a component of accounts payable and accrued liabilities as well as other long-term liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The change in the fair value of the contingent consideration, if any, is recognized within general and administrative expenses in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss.
Derecognition
Financial liabilities are derecognized when the obligation under the liability is discharged, cancelled, or expires. Gains and losses are recognized in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss when the liabilities are derecognized.
Foreign exchange forward contracts
The Company designates certain foreign exchange forward contracts as cash flow hedges when all the requirements in IFRS 9, Financial Instruments are met. The Company recognizes these foreign exchange forward contracts as either assets or liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets and these contracts are measured at fair value at each reporting period. The asset and liability positions of the foreign exchange forward contracts are included in other current assets and accounts payable and accrued liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets, respectively. The Company reflects the gain or loss on the effective portion of a cash flow hedge in other comprehensive income (loss) and subsequently reclassifies cumulative gains and losses to direct cost of revenues, general and administrative, research and development, or sales and marketing expenses, depending on the risk hedged, when the hedged transactions impact the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss. If the hedged transactions become probable of not occurring, the corresponding amounts in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) are immediately reclassified to finance income or costs. Foreign exchange forward contracts that do not meet the requirements in IFRS 9, Financial Instruments to be designated as a cash flow hedge, are classified as derivative instruments not designated for hedging. The Company measures these instruments at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in finance income or costs. To date, the Company has not had any foreign exchange forward contracts that do not meet the requirements in IFRS 9, Financial Instruments to be designated as a cash flow hedge.
19

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

Foreign currency translation
Functional and presentation currency
The functional as well as the presentation currency of Lightspeed is the US dollar. Items included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company are measured in the functional currency, which is the currency of the primary economic environment in which the entity operates.
Foreign currency transactions are translated into the functional currency using the exchange rates prevailing at the date of the transactions or when items are remeasured. Foreign exchange gains and losses resulting from the settlement of such transactions and from the changes at period-end exchange rates of monetary assets and liabilities denominated in foreign currencies are recognized in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss.
Foreign operations
The results and financial position of all the Company entities that have a functional currency different from the presentation currency are translated into US dollars as follows: assets and liabilities are translated at the closing rate at the reporting date; income and expenses for each statement of operation are translated at average exchange rates; and all resulting exchange differences are recognized in other comprehensive income (loss).
For foreign currency translation purposes, goodwill and fair value adjustments arising on the acquisition of a foreign operation are treated as assets and liabilities of the operation and translated at the closing rate at each reporting date.
New accounting pronouncements
New accounting pronouncements are issued by the IASB or other standard-setting bodies, and they are adopted by the Company as at the specified effective date.
New and amended standards and interpretations adopted by the Company
The IASB has issued amendments to IAS 16 Property, Plant and Equipment to prohibit deducting from the cost of an item of property, plant and equipment any proceeds from selling items produced before that asset is available for use. The amendments also clarify the meaning of "testing whether an asset is functioning properly". The IASB also issued an amendment to IAS 37 Provisions, Contingent Liabilities and Contingent Assets to clarify the cost of fulfilling a contract in assessing whether a contract is onerous. These amendments to IAS 16 and IAS 37 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2022, with early application permitted. The Company has adopted these amendments as of April 1, 2022. There was no impact on the Company's accounting policies or the consolidated financial statements as a result of adopting such amendments. There were no other IFRS or International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC) interpretations effective as of April 1, 2022 that had a material impact on the Company's accounting policies or the consolidated financial statements.
New and amended standards and interpretations issued not yet effective
At the date of authorization of these financial statements, the Company has not yet applied the following new and revised IFRS Standards that have been issued but are not yet effective.
20

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

The IASB has issued IFRS 17 Insurance Contracts standardizing how to recognize, measure, present and disclose insurance contracts, amendments to IAS 8 Accounting Policies, Changes in Accounting Estimates and Errors clarifying how to distinguish changes in accounting policies from changes in accounting estimates, amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements requiring companies to disclose their material accounting policy information and amendments to IAS 12 Income Taxes requiring companies to recognize deferred tax on particular transactions that, on initial recognition, give rise to equal amounts of taxable and deductible temporary differences. The new IFRS 17 standard and these amendments to IAS 8, IAS 1 and IAS 12 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2023, with early application permitted. The IASB has also issued amendments to IAS 1 Presentation of Financial Statements affecting the presentation of liabilities as current or non-current in the statement of financial position and they have also issued amendments to IFRS 16 Leases to include variable payments when measuring a lease liability arising from a sale-and-leaseback transaction. These amendments to IAS 1 and IFRS 16 are effective for annual periods beginning on or after January 1, 2024, with early application permitted.
The Company does not expect that the adoption of the standards listed above will have a material impact on the financial statements of the Company in future periods.
4. Significant accounting estimates and assumptions
Use of estimates
The preparation of the consolidated financial statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Management reviews its estimates on an ongoing basis based on management’s best knowledge of current events and actions that the Company may undertake in the future. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Uncertainty about these assumptions and estimates could result in outcomes that require a material adjustment to the carrying amount of assets or liabilities affected in future periods.
Key estimates and assumptions are as follows:
Revenue recognition
The identification of revenue-generating contracts with customers, the identification of performance obligations, the determination of the transaction price and allocations between identified performance obligations, the use of the appropriate revenue recognition method for each performance obligation and the measure of progress for performance obligations satisfied over time are the main aspects of the revenue recognition process, all of which require the exercise of judgment and use of assumptions.
The Company follows the guidance provided in IFRS 15, Appendix B, Principal versus Agent Considerations for determining whether revenue should be recognized at the gross amount of consideration paid by the customer or the net amount of consideration retained by the Company. This determination is a matter of judgment that depends on the facts and circumstances of each arrangement.
Impairment of non-financial assets
The Company’s impairment test for goodwill is based on internal estimates of fair value less costs of disposal calculations and uses valuation models such as the discounted cash flow model. Key assumptions on which management has based its determination of fair value less costs of disposal include an estimated discount rate, terminal value multiple, and estimated revenue growth rate. These estimates, including the methodology used, the assessment of CGUs and how goodwill is allocated, can have a material impact on the respective values and ultimately the amount of any goodwill impairment. Refer to note 16 for additional information on the assumptions used.
21

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

Whenever property and equipment, lease right-of-use assets, and intangible assets are tested for impairment, the determination of the assets’ recoverable amount involves the use of estimates by management and can have a material impact on the respective values and ultimately the amount of any impairment.
Business combinations
The Company follows the acquisition method to account for business combinations. The acquisition method of accounting requires that assets acquired and liabilities assumed be recorded at their estimated fair values on the date of a business acquisition. The excess of the purchase price over the estimated fair value is recorded as goodwill. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates, assumptions, and judgments, especially with respect to intangible assets and contingent consideration. For intangible assets, the Company develops the fair value by using appropriate valuation techniques which are generally based on a forecast of the total expected future net discounted cash flows, and key assumptions generally consist of the future performance of the related assets, the discount rate, the attrition rate, the royalty rates, and the payments attach rate. Contingent consideration is measured at fair value using a discounted cash flow model.
Recoverability of deferred tax assets and current and deferred income taxes and tax credits
Uncertainties exist with respect to the interpretation of complex tax regulations and the amount and timing of future taxable income. The Company establishes provisions based on reasonable estimates for possible consequences of audits by the tax authorities. The amount of such provisions is based on various factors, such as experience of previous tax audits and differing interpretations of tax regulations by the taxable entity and the responsible tax authority.
Deferred income tax assets are recognized for unused tax losses and deductible temporary differences to the extent it is probable that taxable income will be available against which the losses and deductible temporary differences can be utilized. Management’s judgment is required to determine the amount of deferred income tax assets that can be recognized, based upon the likely timing and the level of future taxable income together with future tax planning strategies.
Share-based compensation
The Company measures the cost of equity-settled transactions with employees by reference to the fair value of the related instruments at the date at which they are granted. Estimating fair value for share‑based payments requires determining the most appropriate valuation model for a grant, which depends on the terms and conditions of the grant. This also requires making assumptions and determining the most appropriate inputs to the valuation model including the expected life of the option, volatility, interest rate, and dividend yield. Refer to note 25 for additional information on the assumptions used.
Provisions
The Company is involved in litigation and claims from time to time. There can be no assurance that these litigations and claims will be resolved without costly litigation nor in a manner that does not adversely impact the financial position and operating results of the Company. Provisions are recognized when the Company has a present legal or constructive obligation as a result of a past event, it is probable that an outflow of resources embodying economic benefits will be required to settle the obligation, and a reliable estimate can be made of the amount of the obligation. In determining the probability of a loss and consequently determining a reasonable estimate, management is required to use significant judgment. Assumptions applied reflect the most probable set of economic conditions and planned courses of action by the Company at the time, but these too may differ over time. Given the uncertainties associated with any litigation, the actual outcome can be different from the Company's estimates and could adversely affect the financial position and operating results of the Company.
22

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

5. Revenues
The disaggregation of the Company’s revenue was as follows:

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Subscription revenue | 298,763 |  | 248,430 |
Transaction-based revenue | 399,552 |  | 264,044 |
Hardware and other revenue | 32,191 |  | 35,898 |
Total revenues | 730,506 |  | 548,372 |

Transaction-based revenue includes $8,196 of revenue from merchant cash advances for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 (2022 – $2,667). The Company discloses revenue by geographic area in note 29.
Contract assets
The amount of amortization of commission assets recognized as sales and marketing expense in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 is $12,254 (2022 – $8,138).
The Company recorded a contract asset for discounts provided to customers at the inception of a contract of $8,845 included in other current assets and $10,691 included in other long-term assets as at March 31, 2023, with $4,124 being amortized into subscription revenue and transaction-based revenue for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 (2022 – $4,139 and $5,591 with $3,679 being amortized, respectively).
Contract liabilities
Revenue recognized that was included in the deferred revenue balance at the beginning of the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 is $65,194 and $43,116, respectively.
6. Direct cost of revenues

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Subscription cost of revenue | 80,064 |  | 72,192 |
Transaction-based cost of revenue | 271,035 |  | 159,432 |
Hardware and other cost of revenue | 47,446 |  | 45,575 |
Total direct cost of revenues | 398,545 |  | 277,199 |

Inventories expensed during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 in direct cost of revenues amount to $37,560 (2022 – $35,832).
23

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

7. Government assistance
Government assistance recognized as a reduction of expenses is as follows:

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Direct cost of revenues | 653 |  | 1,144 |
General and administrative | 681 |  | 545 |
Research and development | 3,006 |  | 2,692 |
Sales and marketing | 142 |  | 358 |
Total government assistance | 4,482 |  | 4,739 |

Government assistance includes research and development tax credits, grants, and other incentives.
8. Employee compensation
The total employee compensation comprising salaries and benefits, excluding government assistance and acquisition-related compensation, for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, was $396,926 (2022 - $341,851).
Share-based compensation and related costs were included in the following expenses:

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Direct cost of revenues | 6,945 |  | 6,345 |
General and administrative | 33,963 |  | 26,377 |
Research and development | 35,504 |  | 29,705 |
Sales and marketing | 47,255 |  | 46,639 |
Restructuring | 5,637 |  | — |
Total share-based compensation and related costs | 129,304 |  | 109,066 |

Total share-based compensation and related costs for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 includes a reversal of $6,925 of share-based compensation expense for forfeited unvested stock options and forfeited unvested RSUs in connection with the restructuring announced in January 2023.
The amount recognized as an expense for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 for our defined contribution plans was $5,258 (2022 - $4,264).
9. Finance income and costs

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Interest income | 26,866 |  | 5,855 |
Interest expense | (2,054) |  | (2,867) |
Net interest income | 24,812 |  | 2,988 |

24

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

10. Loss per share
The Company has stock options and share awards as potentially-dilutive shares. Diluted net loss per share excludes all potentially-dilutive shares if their effect is anti-dilutive. As a result of net losses incurred, all potentially-dilutive shares have been excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share because including them would be anti-dilutive; therefore, basic and diluted number of shares is the same for the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022. All outstanding potentially dilutive shares could potentially dilute loss per share in the future.

| 2023 | 2022
Issued Common Shares | 151,170,305 |  | 148,661,312 |
Weighted average number of Common Shares (basic and diluted) | 150,404,130 |  | 141,580,917 |
Net loss per share – basic and diluted | ($7.11) |  | ($2.04) |

The weighted average number of potentially dilutive shares that are not included in the diluted net loss per share calculations because they would be anti-dilutive was 16,270,724 stock options and share awards for the year ended March 31, 2023 (2022 - 10,515,666).
11. Trade and other receivables

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Trade receivables | 37,167 |  | 22,894 |
Allowance for expected credit losses | (4,131) |  | (3,043) |
Trade receivables, net | 33,036 |  | 19,851 |
Research and development tax credits receivable | 8,424 |  | 4,195 |
Sales tax receivable | 4,862 |  | 6,323 |
Merchant cash advances measured at fair value | 29,492 |  | 6,300 |
Indemnification receivables | 4,042 |  | 9,097 |
Accrued interest and other | 4,478 |  | — |
Total trade and other receivables | 84,334 |  | 45,766 |

The indemnification receivables are for indemnities on certain income tax payables and other liabilities assumed through our acquisitions.
12. Other current assets

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Restricted cash and restricted deposits | 1,366 |  | 1,531 |
Prepaid expenses and deposits | 14,149 |  | 20,478 |
Commission asset | 12,160 |  | 8,959 |
Contract asset and other | 9,330 |  | 4,567 |
Total other current assets | 37,005 |  | 35,535 |

25

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

13. Leases
The Company leases certain properties under non-cancellable lease agreements that relate to office spaces and vehicles. The remaining lease terms are between one and seven years.
The roll-forward of lease right-of-use assets is as follows:

| 2023 | 2022
Cost | $ | $
Balance - Beginning of fiscal year | 37,001 |  | 27,054 |
Additions | 1,613 |  | 6,934 |
Acquired in business combinations | — |  | 5,160 |
Modifications to and disposals of lease contracts | (1,992) |  | (1,863) |
Exchange differences | (142) |  | (284) |
Balance - End of fiscal year | 36,480 |  | 37,001 |
Accumulated depreciation |  |
Balance - Beginning of fiscal year | 11,462 |  | 5,848 |
Depreciation charge | 8,244 |  | 7,743 |
Modifications to and disposals of lease contracts | (4,074) |  | (2,071) |
Exchange differences | (125) |  | (58) |
Balance - End of fiscal year | 15,507 |  | 11,462 |
Net book value |  |
Balance - Beginning of fiscal year | 25,539 |  | 21,206 |
Balance - End of fiscal year | 20,973 |  | 25,539 |
Offices | 20,332 |  | 24,655 |
Vehicles | 641 |  | 884 |

The maturity analysis of lease liabilities as at March 31, 2023 is as follows:

Fiscal Year | $
2024 | 6,617 |
2025 | 5,672 |
2026 | 4,165 |
2027 | 2,780 |
2028 | 2,139 |
2029 and thereafter | 3,818 |
Total minimum payments | 25,191 |

Expenses relating to short-term leases, including those excluded due to the election of the practical expedient allowing the Company to expense lease payments for short-term leases and leases for which the underlying asset is of low value, as well as variable lease payments not included in the measurement of lease liabilities, were approximately $2,716 for the fiscal
26

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

year ended March 31, 2023 (2022 - $3,455). The interest expense for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 was $1,075 (2022 - $1,204).
14. Property and equipment
2023

| Furniture | Equipment | Computer equipment | Leasehold improvements | Total
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $
Cost |  |  |  |  |
As at March 31, 2022 | 2,314 |  | 1,975 |  | 9,197 |  | 13,552 |  | 27,038 |
Additions | 1,004 |  | 43 |  | 3,281 |  | 4,178 |  | 8,506 |
Disposals | (766) |  | (618) |  | (2,724) |  | (212) |  | (4,320) |
As at March 31, 2023 | 2,552 |  | 1,400 |  | 9,754 |  | 17,518 |  | 31,224 |
Accumulated depreciation |  |  |  |  |
As at March 31, 2022 | 1,426 |  | 1,342 |  | 5,214 |  | 2,600 |  | 10,582 |
Depreciation | 531 |  | 193 |  | 2,714 |  | 2,033 |  | 5,471 |
Disposals | (766) |  | (618) |  | (2,724) |  | (212) |  | (4,320) |
As at March 31, 2023 | 1,191 |  | 917 |  | 5,204 |  | 4,421 |  | 11,733 |
Net book value as at March 31, 2023 | 1,361 |  | 483 |  | 4,550 |  | 13,097 |  | 19,491 |

2022

| Furniture | Equipment | Computer equipment | Leasehold improvements | Total
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $
Cost |  |  |  |  |
As at March 31, 2021 | 2,177 |  | 1,759 |  | 6,460 |  | 7,451 |  | 17,847 |
Additions | 19 |  | 461 |  | 3,564 |  | 7,360 |  | 11,404 |
Acquired through business combinations | 308 |  | — |  | 1,122 |  | 273 |  | 1,703 |
Disposals | (190) |  | (245) |  | (1,949) |  | (1,532) |  | (3,916) |
As at March 31, 2022 | 2,314 |  | 1,975 |  | 9,197 |  | 13,552 |  | 27,038 |
Accumulated depreciation |  |  |  |  |
As at March 31, 2021 | 1,004 |  | 1,181 |  | 4,441 |  | 2,879 |  | 9,505 |
Depreciation | 612 |  | 406 |  | 2,722 |  | 1,253 |  | 4,993 |
Disposals | (190) |  | (245) |  | (1,949) |  | (1,532) |  | (3,916) |
As at March 31, 2022 | 1,426 |  | 1,342 |  | 5,214 |  | 2,600 |  | 10,582 |
Net book value as at March 31, 2022 | 888 |  | 633 |  | 3,983 |  | 10,952 |  | 16,456 |

27

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

15. Intangible assets
2023

| Acquired software technologies | Customer relationships | Internally generated intangibles | Total
| $ | $ | $ | $
Cost |  |  |  |
As at March 31, 2022 | 213,581 |  | 345,956 |  | — |  | 559,537 |
Additions | — |  | — |  | 4,269 |  | 4,269 |
Exchange differences | (739) |  | (1,769) |  | — |  | (2,508) |
As at March 31, 2023 | 212,842 |  | 344,187 |  | 4,269 |  | 561,298 |
Accumulated amortization |  |  |  |
As at March 31, 2022 | 67,275 |  | 82,694 |  | — |  | 149,969 |
Amortization | 42,795 |  | 58,751 |  | — |  | 101,546 |
Exchange differences | (653) |  | (1,014) |  | — |  | (1,667) |
As at March 31, 2023 | 109,417 |  | 140,431 |  | — |  | 249,848 |
Net book value as at March 31, 2023 | 103,425 |  | 203,756 |  | 4,269 |  | 311,450 |

2022

| Acquired software technologies | Customer relationships | Internally generated intangibles | Total
| $ | $ | $ | $
Cost |  |  |  |
As at March 31, 2021 | 72,884 |  | 220,090 |  | — |  | 292,974 |
Acquired through business combinations | 141,200 |  | 127,600 |  | — |  | 268,800 |
Exchange differences | (503) |  | (1,734) |  | — |  | (2,237) |
As at March 31, 2022 | 213,581 |  | 345,956 |  | — |  | 559,537 |
Accumulated amortization |  |  |  |
As at March 31, 2021 | 30,640 |  | 27,841 |  | — |  | 58,481 |
Amortization | 36,700 |  | 55,112 |  | — |  | 91,812 |
Exchange differences | (65) |  | (259) |  | — |  | (324) |
As at March 31, 2022 | 67,275 |  | 82,694 |  | — |  | 149,969 |
Net book value as at March 31, 2022 | 146,306 |  | 263,262 |  | — |  | 409,568 |

28

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

16. Goodwill

| 2023 | 2022 |
| $ | $ |
Balance - Beginning of fiscal year | 2,104,368 |  | 971,939 |  |
Addition through business combinations | — |  | 1,137,340 |  |
Impairment loss | (748,712) |  | — |  |
Foreign currency translation | (5,011) |  | (4,911) |  |
Balance - End of fiscal year | 1,350,645 |  | 2,104,368 |  |

Impairment analysis
During the three months ended December 31, 2022, there were changes in macroeconomic conditions and the Company's share price and market capitalization decreased. This led to the carrying amount of the Company's net assets exceeding the Company's market capitalization as at December 31, 2022. This triggered an impairment test to be performed on the Company's goodwill for the Company's Segment, as defined in note 3, which is the level at which management monitors goodwill. The timing of this test also aligned with the Company's annual impairment test of goodwill. Impairment, if any, is determined by assessing the recoverable amount of the Segment. The Segment's recoverable amount is the higher of the Segment's fair value less costs of disposal and its value in use.
The Company completed an impairment test of goodwill as at December 31, 2022 using the Company's fair value less costs of disposal method. This test resulted in a non-cash impairment charge of $748,712 related to goodwill during the three months ended December 31, 2022 as the terminal value multiple was negatively impacted by the macroeconomic conditions and the Company's share price decrease, and the Company's revenue growth rate was negatively impacted by the macroeconomic impact on the Company's customer's sales. Fair value less costs of disposal is a Level 3 measurement (see note 27).
Fair value less costs of disposal was estimated using an income approach, more specifically, a discounted cash flow model. The discounted cash flow model takes into consideration a five-year financial forecast, which is based on the Company’s actual performance and management’s best estimates of future performance, and calculates a terminal value based on revenues. The cash flows are discounted using a weighted average cost of capital reflecting the market assessment. The costs to sell were assumed to be 2.5% of the fair value amount. The carrying value of the Segment was compared with the fair value less costs of disposal to test for impairment.
Sensitivity of assumptions
The following table indicates the impact on the carrying value of a 1% change in the key assumptions as at December 31, 2022:
29

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

Key Assumptions | Input used in discounted cash flow model |  | Impairment increase if the key assumption was changed by 1%, assuming all other key assumptions were held constant*
|  |  | $
Discount Rate (%) | 30 | % |  | 21,240 |
Terminal Value Multiple | 2.5 |  | 16,063 |
Revenue Growth Rate (%) | 27 | % |  | 19,607 |
*Discount rate multiplied by 1.01, terminal value multiple multiplied by 0.99, revenue growth rate multiplied by 0.99

Goodwill is more susceptible to impairment risk if business operating results or economic conditions deteriorate. The Company reassessed as at March 31, 2023 the key assumptions used in the December 31, 2022 test and found no reduction in the terminal value multiple, no increase in the discount rate and no decrease in the revenue growth rate. A reduction in the terminal value multiple, an increase in the discount rate or a decrease in the revenue growth rate could cause additional impairment in the future.
The determination of the recoverable amount involves the use of estimates by management and can have a material impact on the respective value and ultimately the amount of any impairment. The Company is required to perform its next annual goodwill impairment analysis on December 31, 2023, or earlier should there be a goodwill impairment trigger before then. No impairment charges were taken on other assets included in Lightspeed's cash generating units.
17. Other long-term assets

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Restricted cash | 408 |  | 260 |
Prepaid expenses and deposits | 3,775 |  | 5,945 |
Commission asset | 15,147 |  | 9,604 |
Contract asset | 10,691 |  | 5,591 |
Investments | 1,519 |  | — |
Total other-long term assets | 31,540 |  | 21,400 |

30

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

18. Accounts payable and accrued liabilities

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Trade payables | 36,958 |  | 39,245 |
Accrued compensation and benefits | 22,543 |  | 25,238 |
Accrued payroll taxes on share-based compensation | 3,030 |  | 3,594 |
Acquisition-related payables | 331 |  | 5,527 |
Sales tax payable | 3,556 |  | 3,861 |
Other | 2,409 |  | 842 |
Total accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 68,827 |  | 78,307 |

19. Credit facility
The Company had credit facilities with the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce ("CIBC"), which included a $25,000 demand revolving operating credit facility (the "Revolver") and a $50,000 stand-by acquisition term loan, $20,000 of which was uncommitted (the "Acquisition Facility", and together with the Revolver, the "Credit Facilities"). The Acquisition Facility was drawn for $30,000 in January 2020 for the acquisition of Lightspeed POS Germany GmbH (formerly Gastrofix GmbH) and was set to mature 60 months thereafter. On July 6, 2022, the Company repaid in full the balance outstanding under the Acquisition Facility, including all accrued and unpaid interest and the Acquisition Facility was terminated. Prior to the repayment, excluding unamortized financing costs, the balance drawn on the Acquisition Facility was $30,000.
On October 28, 2022, the Company amended the Revolver to, among other things, reduce the size of the Revolver to $5,000 and facilitate greater operating flexibility (the "Amended Revolver"). The Amended Revolver is available for letters of credit or letters of guarantee for general corporate and working capital purposes. The Amended Revolver is subject to certain general covenants, including making available annual audited consolidated financial statements, and is secured by material assets of the Company. The Company was in compliance with covenants as at March 31, 2023.
20. Share capital
As at March 31, 2023, the Company had 151,170,305 Common Shares issued and outstanding, unlimited shares authorized (2022 – 148,661,312).
The Company’s authorized share capital consists of (i) an unlimited number of Subordinate Voting Shares and (ii) an unlimited number of preferred shares, issuable in series.
Common Shares
The Common Shares consist of Subordinate Voting Shares with no par value. The holders of outstanding Common Shares are entitled to one vote per share and are entitled to receive dividends at such times and in such amounts and form as the Board may from time to time determine, but subject to the rights of the holders of any preferred shares.
Preferred Shares
The preferred shares are issuable at any time and from time to time in one or more series. The Board is authorized to fix before issue the number of, the consideration per share of, the designation of, and the provisions attaching to, the preferred
31

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

shares of each series, which may include voting rights, the whole subject to the issue of a certificate of amendment setting forth the designation and provisions attaching to the preferred shares or shares of the series.
New Issue Offering
On August 11, 2021, the Company completed a public offering of Subordinate Voting Shares in the United States and Canada through the issuance of new shares. The public offering consisted of an aggregate of 8,855,000 Subordinate Voting Shares, including the exercise in full by the underwriters of their over-allotment option on August 13, 2021, to purchase 1,155,000 additional Subordinate Voting Shares. The Subordinate Voting Shares were issued from treasury for gross proceeds of $823,515 for the Company, with share issuance costs (including the underwriters' fee and other expenses related to the offering) for the Company amounting to $33,042.
21. Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

| Foreign currency differences on translation of foreign operations |  | Hedging reserve |  | Total accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)
| 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022 |  | 2023 | 2022
| $ | $ |  | $ | $ |  | $ | $
Balance - Beginning of fiscal year | 2,654 |  | 9,715 |  |  | 23 |  | — |  |  | 2,677 |  | 9,715 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | (5,586) |  | (7,061) |  |  | (148) |  | 23 |  |  | (5,734) |  | (7,038) |
Balance - End of fiscal year | (2,932) |  | 2,654 |  |  | (125) |  | 23 |  |  | (3,057) |  | 2,677 |

22. Income taxes
Income tax expense (recovery) includes the following components:

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Current |  |
Related to current year | 2,880 |  | 1,214 |
Related to prior years | (411) |  | (111) |
| 2,469 |  | 1,103 |
Deferred |  |
Related to current year | (6,338) |  | (27,831) |
Related to prior years | (350) |  | (193) |
| (6,688) |  | (28,024) |
Total income tax recovery | (4,219) |  | (26,921) |

32

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

The income tax expense (recovery) reported, which includes foreign taxes, differs from the amount of the income tax expense (recovery) computed by applying Canadian statutory rates as follows:

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Loss before income taxes | (1,074,228) |  | (315,354) |
Statutory tax rate | 26.5 | % | 26.5 | %
Income tax recovery at the statutory tax rate | (284,671) |  | (83,589) |
Impact of rate differential of foreign jurisdiction | 9,944 |  | 7,078 |
Non-deductible share-based compensation and related costs | 33,771 |  | 20,208 |
Acquisition-related compensation and transaction-related costs | 1,267 |  | 1,480 |
Other non-deductible expenses (credits) and non-taxable amounts | 728 |  | (192) |
Adjustment related to prior years | (761) |  | (304) |
Goodwill impairment | 198,409 |  | — |
Changes in unrecognized benefits of deferred tax assets | 38,673 |  | 27,972 |
Impact of foreign exchange and other | (1,579) |  | 426 |
Total income tax recovery | (4,219) |  | (26,921) |

Deferred taxes reflect the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

| 2023 | 2022
Deferred tax assets | $ | $
Property and equipment | 3,179 |  | 2,402 |
Non-capital losses carried forward | 49,467 |  | 78,292 |
Lease liabilities | 6,045 |  | 6,354 |
Deferred revenue | 530 |  | 1,217 |
Interest expenses carried forward | 3,170 |  | 5,852 |
Other | 17,760 |  | 6,338 |
Total deferred tax assets | 80,151 |  | 100,455 |
Deferred tax liabilities |  |
Property and equipment | (562) |  | (299) |
Intangible assets | (67,972) |  | (97,647) |
Lease right-of-use assets | (5,028) |  | (5,140) |
Other | (6,288) |  | (4,048) |
Total deferred tax liabilities | (79,850) |  | (107,134) |
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) | 301 |  | (6,679) |
As presented on the consolidated balance sheets: |  |
Deferred tax assets | 301 |  | 154 |
Deferred tax liabilities | — |  | (6,833) |
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) | 301 |  | (6,679) |

33

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

2023

| Balance as at March 31, 2022 | Charged (credited) to consolidated statement of loss | Business acquisitions and other | Balance as at March 31, 2023
| $ | $ | $ | $
Deferred tax assets (liabilities) continuity |  |  |  |
Property and equipment | 2,103 |  | 514 |  | — |  | 2,617 |
Intangible assets | (97,647) |  | 29,675 |  | — |  | (67,972) |
Lease liabilities | 6,354 |  | (309) |  | — |  | 6,045 |
Lease right-of-use assets | (5,140) |  | 112 |  | — |  | (5,028) |
Non-capital losses carried forward | 78,292 |  | (28,825) |  | — |  | 49,467 |
Deferred revenue | 1,217 |  | (687) |  | — |  | 530 |
Interest expenses carried forward | 5,852 |  | (2,682) |  | — |  | 3,170 |
Other | 2,290 |  | 8,890 |  | 292 |  | 11,472 |
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) | (6,679) |  | 6,688 |  | 292 |  | 301 |

2022

| Balance as at March 31, 2021 | Charged (credited) to consolidated statement of loss | Business acquisitions and other | Balance as at March 31, 2022
| $ | $ | $ | $
Deferred tax assets (liabilities) continuity |  |  |  |
Property and equipment | 2,061 |  | 75 |  | (33) |  | 2,103 |
Intangible assets | (50,476) |  | 22,042 |  | (69,213) |  | (97,647) |
Lease liabilities | 6,073 |  | 5 |  | 276 |  | 6,354 |
Lease right-of-use assets | (5,000) |  | 86 |  | (226) |  | (5,140) |
Non-capital losses carried forward | 41,308 |  | 3,439 |  | 33,545 |  | 78,292 |
Deferred revenue | 1,011 |  | 206 |  | — |  | 1,217 |
Interest expenses carried forward | 5,188 |  | 664 |  | — |  | 5,852 |
Other | (1,351) |  | 1,507 |  | 2,134 |  | 2,290 |
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities) | (1,186) |  | 28,024 |  | (33,517) |  | (6,679) |

34

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

The Company has accumulated unrecognized deductible temporary differences, unused tax losses and unused tax credits as follows:

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Deductible temporary differences | 63,695 |  | 60,237 |
Non-capital losses | 587,407 |  | 394,067 |
Research and development expenditures | 21,760 |  | 15,456 |
| 672,862 |  | 469,760 |

As at March 31, 2023, the Company and its subsidiaries have non-capital losses of $587,407 (2022 - $394,067) available to reduce future taxable income for which the benefits have not been recognized. From this amount, $320,344 (2022 - $226,403) expires from calendar year 2024 to 2043, while $267,063 (2022 - $167,664) has no expiry date.
There was no change in statutory tax rate for the financial year.
Government assistance
The Company incurred research and development expenditures and e-business development expenses which are eligible for tax credits. The tax credits recorded are based on management’s estimate of amounts expected to be recovered and are subject to audit by the taxation authorities and, accordingly, these amounts may vary. For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, the Company recorded a Canadian provision for refundable tax credits of $4,077 (2022 – $3,933). This amount has been recorded as a reduction of research and development and e-business development expenditures for the year.
As at March 31, 2023, the Company has available Canadian federal non-refundable investment tax credits of $2,598 (2022 – $2,548) related to research and development expenditures which may be used to reduce Canadian federal income taxes payable in future years. These non-refundable investment tax credits begin to expire in 2033. The Company also has a non-refundable e-business tax credit of $4,823 (2022 – $3,772) which may reduce Canadian provincial income taxes payable in future years. These non-refundable credits begin to expire in 2035.
The benefits of these non-refundable investment tax credits have not been recognized in the consolidated financial statements.
23. Commitments
Refer to note 13 for the maturity analysis of lease liabilities as at March 31, 2023.
In addition to the obligations under lease liabilities, the Company is subject to short-term leases and variable lease payments, as well as various non-cancelable service agreements with minimum spend commitments. The table below outlines the maturity analysis as at March 31, 2023 for the Company's short-term leases and variable lease payments, and for the minimum fixed and determinable portion of the Company's material unconditional purchase obligations:

| < 1 Year | 1 to 5 Years | >5 Years | Total
| $ | $ | $ | $
Short-term leases and variable lease payments | 3,106 |  | 8,503 |  | 3,161 |  | 14,770 |
Material unconditional purchase obligations | 32,077 |  | 85,441 |  | — |  | 117,518 |
Total contractual obligations | 35,183 |  | 93,944 |  | 3,161 |  | 132,288 |

35

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

Short-term leases and variable lease payments include short term lease payments and variable lease payments for the Company's share of tenant operating expenses and taxes. Purchase obligations include material non-cancelable service agreements with service providers and payment processors subject to minimum spend commitments.
24. Contingencies and Provisions
Contingencies
Beginning in October 2021, the Company and certain of the Company's officers and directors were named as defendants to an application for authorization to bring a securities class action filed before the Superior Court of Quebec, and the Company and certain of the Company's officers and directors were named as defendants in a securities class action brought in U.S. district court for the Eastern District of New York (a separate action brought in the Southern District of New York was voluntarily dismissed after a lead plaintiff was appointed in the Eastern District of New York action). The application and action are sought on behalf of purchasers of the Company's Common Shares, and are based upon allegations that the defendants made false and/or misleading statements to the public and seek unspecified damages. On June 27, 2022, the Company filed a motion to dismiss the securities class action brought in the U.S. district court for the Eastern District of New York. Plaintiffs to the securities class action brought in the U.S. district court for the Eastern District of New York filed an opposition to the Company's motion to dismiss, and the Company filed a reply. The Company and management intend to vigorously defend against each of these proceedings.
On October 22, 2021, CloudofChange, LLC, a non-practising entity, filed a patent infringement lawsuit against the Company in the Western District of Texas. The patents at issue in the suit include U.S. Patents Nos. 9,400,640, 10,083,012 and 11,226,793. These patents generally relate to web-based point of sale builder systems. The Company and management intend to vigorously defend against the action.
The Company has not provisioned for the above-mentioned matters as the outcome is not determinable nor is the amount of loss, if any, reasonably estimable given the present stage of the proceedings in each case.
Provisions
The Company is involved in other litigation and claims in the normal course of business. Management is of the opinion that any resulting provisions and ultimate settlements would not materially affect the financial position and operating results of the Company.
Restructuring
During the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, the Company announced and implemented a reorganization to streamline the Company's operating model while continuing to focus on disciplined growth.
Provision for severance and cash acquisition-related compensation acceleration

| 2023 | 2022 |
| $ | $ |
Balance - Beginning of fiscal year | 247 |  | 1,034 |  |
Expensed during the year | 18,581 |  | 803 |  |
Paid during the year | (17,722) |  | (1,590) |  |
Balance - End of fiscal year | 1,106 |  | 247 |  |

The provision is included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities in the other category in note 18.
36

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

Restructuring expenses

| 2023 | 2022 |
| $ | $ |
Severance | 15,710 |  | 803 |  |
Share-based compensation expense acceleration | 5,637 |  | — |  |
Cash acquisition-related compensation acceleration | 2,871 |  | — |  |
Share-based acquisition-related compensation acceleration | 4,465 |  | — |  |
Restructuring | 28,683 |  | 803 |  |

25. Share-based compensation (numbers of shares and awards are presented in per share and per award amounts)
In 2012, the Company established the 2012 option plan (which was amended in 2015, 2019 and 2021) (the “2012 Legacy Option Plan”). Employee stock option grants under the 2012 Legacy Option Plan generally vest as to 25% a year annually over four years and have a term of seven years. In connection with the Company's initial public offering in Canada (the "IPO"), the 2012 Legacy Option Plan was amended such that outstanding options granted thereunder are exercisable for Common Shares and no further awards can be made under the 2012 Legacy Option Plan.
In connection with the IPO, an omnibus incentive plan (as amended and restated, the “Omnibus Incentive Plan”) was adopted. The Omnibus Incentive Plan was amended and restated in November 2019 to give effect to certain housekeeping amendments. The Omnibus Incentive Plan was amended and restated in September 2020 to convert such plan from a "fixed plan" to a "rolling plan", whereby the maximum number of Common Shares of the Company which may be reserved and set aside for issuance under such plan and the 2012 Legacy Option Plan were changed from a fixed number of Common Shares to a maximum aggregate number of Common Shares equal to 15% of all Common Shares issued and outstanding from time to time on a non-diluted basis. On that basis, as at March 31, 2023, the maximum number of Common Shares available under the Omnibus Incentive Plan and the 2012 Legacy Option Plan was 22,675,545. In February 2021, the Omnibus Incentive Plan was updated to amend certain definitions.
The Omnibus Incentive Plan allows the Board to grant long-term equity-based awards to eligible participants in the form of stock options, RSUs, DSUs, and PSUs. All options granted under the Omnibus Incentive Plan have an exercise price determined and approved by the Board at the time of grant, which cannot be less than the market price of a Common Share on the date of the grant. Employee stock options under the Omnibus Incentive Plan generally vest as to 25% on the first anniversary of the grant date and then monthly thereafter for 36 months until fully vested or monthly for 48 months until fully vested, are granted with a term of seven years and settled via the issuance of new Common Shares upon exercise. In some instances, the Company has granted stock options with other non-standard vesting schedules.
Each RSU, DSU and PSU evidences the right to receive one Common Share (issued from treasury or purchased on the open market), cash based on the value of a Common Share or a combination thereof at some future time. RSUs under the Omnibus Incentive Plan generally vest as to 30% either on the first anniversary of the grant date or spread over each of the first four quarterly anniversaries of the grant date, followed in either case by eight equal quarterly tranches until fully vested. In some instances, the Company has granted RSUs with other non-standard vesting schedules. PSU vesting is conditional on the attainment of specified performance metrics determined by the Board. RSUs and PSUs must be settled before the date that is three years after the last day of the calendar year in which the performance of services for which the RSUs or PSUs were granted, occurred. DSUs generally vest on the grant date and must be settled after the termination date of the holder, but prior to the last day of the calendar year following such termination date. Each of RSUs, DSUs and PSUs may be settled via the issuance of shares, cash or a combination thereof at the discretion of the Board.
In connection with the acquisition of ShopKeep Inc. ("ShopKeep"), the Company assumed the ShopKeep Plan. The assumed options were converted based on the option exchange ratio calculated in accordance with the definitive merger
37

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

agreement into options to purchase the Company's Common Shares with corresponding adjustments made to (i) the number of shares issuable upon exercise of each assumed option and (ii) the exercise price of each such assumed option. A total of 1,226,214 Common Shares were reserved under the ShopKeep Plan. Immediately prior to the acquisition of ShopKeep, the ShopKeep Plan was amended such that outstanding options granted thereunder are exercisable for Common Shares and no further awards can be made under the ShopKeep Plan.
The Company has also made grants of stock options and RSUs without shareholder approval in compliance with an allowance under the rules of the TSX as inducements for executive officers to enter into contracts of full-time employment with the Company. The terms of such grants generally align with the terms governing grants of comparable awards under the Omnibus Incentive Plan, though a separate share reserve is maintained for issuance in connection with the exercise or settlement of such awards.
The Company has also made grants of long-term, multi-year performance-based stock options to its Chief Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officer and Chief Financial Officer. Such options will vest over an approximately five year time period and only upon achievement of predetermined performance criteria. The options were granted in accordance with the Omnibus Incentive Plan, with the exercise price determined and approved by the Board at the time of grant, which exercise prices were not less than the fair market price of a Common Share on the date of grant. The options have a term of seven years and are settled via the issuance of Common Shares upon exercise.
The stock option activity and the weighted average exercise price are summarized as follows:

| 2023 |  | 2022
| Number of options | Weighted average exercise price |  | Number of options | Weighted average exercise price
|  | $ |  |  | $
Outstanding – Beginning of year* | 11,823,310 |  | 36.36 |  |  | 6,796,039 |  | 24.56 |
Granted** | 2,817,149 |  | 19.93 |  |  | 7,920,684 |  | 49.47 |
Exercised | (942,641) |  | 5.00 |  |  | (1,061,359) |  | 16.48 |
Forfeited/Cancelled | (3,637,522) |  | 47.76 |  |  | (1,832,054) |  | 47.84 |
Outstanding – End of fiscal year | 10,060,296 |  | 30.58 |  |  | 11,823,310 |  | 38.37 |
Exercisable – End of fiscal year | 3,771,711 |  | 31.24 |  |  | 2,600,818 |  | 23.05 |

*The 2023 beginning of year weighted average exercise price was adjusted from the prior year closing weighted average exercise price to account for the CAD to USD foreign exchange rate used when calculating the current fiscal year's weighted average exercise prices.
**Included in the stock options granted in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022 were 2,500,000 stock options with vesting dependent on market conditions tied to the Company's future share price performance.
38

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

The RSU, DSU and PSU activity and the weighted average grant date fair values as at March 31, 2023 are summarized as follows:

| 2023 |  | 2023 |  | 2023
| RSU |  | DSU |  | PSU
| Number of awards | Weighted average grant date fair value |  | Number of awards | Weighted average grant date fair value |  | Number of awards | Weighted average grant date fair value
|  | $ |  |  | $ |  |  | $
Outstanding – Beginning of year | 3,314,131 |  | 46.71 |  |  | 34,421 |  | 37.95 |  |  | 953,290 |  | 28.73 |
Granted | 4,397,629 |  | 20.77 |  |  | 47,577 |  | 18.72 |  |  | — |  | — |
Settled | (956,837) |  | 41.58 |  |  | (16,600) |  | 40.50 |  |  | (333,650) |  | 28.73 |
Forfeited | (1,214,156) |  | 37.97 |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |
Outstanding – End of year | 5,540,767 |  | 28.92 |  |  | 65,398 |  | 23.31 |  |  | 619,640 |  | 28.73 |

The RSU, DSU and PSU activity and the weighted average grant date fair values as at March 31, 2022 are summarized as follows:

| 2022 |  | 2022 |  | 2022
| RSU |  | DSU |  | PSU
| Number of awards | Weighted average grant date fair value |  | Number of awards | Weighted average grant date fair value |  | Number of awards | Weighted average grant date fair value
|  | $ |  |  | $ |  |  | $
Outstanding – Beginning of year | 939,833 |  | 44.93 |  |  | 14,751 |  | 26.68 |  |  | 75,182 |  | 24.90 |
Granted | 3,016,792 |  | 48.89 |  |  | 20,227 |  | 47.14 |  |  | 953,290 |  | 28.73 |
Settled | (219,208) |  | 52.19 |  |  | (557) |  | 73.39 |  |  | (51,094) |  | 24.97 |
Forfeited | (423,286) |  | 55.50 |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | (24,088) |  | 24.75 |
Outstanding – End of year | 3,314,131 |  | 46.71 |  |  | 34,421 |  | 37.95 |  |  | 953,290 |  | 28.73 |

The fair value of stock options granted to employees, excluding stock options that contain market conditions, was estimated at the dates of grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with the following weighted average assumptions:

| 2023 | 2022
Expected volatility | 52.22 | % | 47.25 | %
Risk-free interest rate | 3.05 | % | 1.04 | %
Expected option life | 3.92 years | 4.07 years
Expected dividend yield | 0 | % | 0 | %
Forfeiture rate | 26.55 | % | 27.07 | %

The fair value of stock options granted in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2022 to certain executives with vesting dependent on market conditions tied to the Company's future share price performance is measured using the Monte Carlo
39

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

pricing model to estimate the Company's potential future share price. This model leverages assumptions that the expected volatility of the share price is 41% and the expected option life is 7 years.
The fair value of stock options, RSUs, DSUs and PSUs granted in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 amounted to $117,895 (2022 – $318,233). The initial aggregate fair value of options, RSUs and PSUs forfeited/cancelled in the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023 amounted to $111,549 (2022 – $55,967). For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, share-based compensation expense of $129,167 (2022 – $108,916) was recorded in the consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss with a corresponding credit to additional paid-in capital.
As at March 31, 2023, the total remaining unrecognized share-based compensation expense amounted to $78,581 (2022 – $147,052), which will be amortized over the weighted average remaining requisite service period of 1.60 years (2022 – 1.90 years).
The following table summarizes information with respect to stock options outstanding and stock options exercisable as at March 31, 2023:

| Options outstanding |  | Options exercisable
Exercise price | Number of options | Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) | Weighted average exercise price |  | Number of options | Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) | Weighted average exercise price
$ |  |  | $ |  |  |  | $
2.17 to 18.92 | 1,930,537 |  | 5.09 | 12.19 |  |  | 719,850 |  | 2.21 | 5.80 |
18.93 to 22.62 | 1,886,776 |  | 5.61 | 21.49 |  |  | 384,078 |  | 4.24 | 21.79 |
22.63 to 27.73 | 2,268,067 |  | 4.46 | 23.99 |  |  | 1,409,502 |  | 3.77 | 24.27 |
27.74 to 41.54 | 1,896,698 |  | 5.51 | 31.49 |  |  | 291,923 |  | 3.79 | 31.80 |
41.55 to 93.45 | 2,078,218 |  | 5.42 | 62.27 |  |  | 966,358 |  | 5.38 | 63.92 |
Total | 10,060,296 |  | 5.19 | 30.58 |  |  | 3,771,711 |  | 3.94 | 31.24 |

The following table summarizes information with respect to stock options outstanding stock options exercisable as at March 31, 2022:

| Options outstanding |  | Options exercisable
Exercise price | Number of options | Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) | Weighted average exercise price |  | Number of options | Weighted average remaining contractual life (years) | Weighted average exercise price
$ |  |  | $ |  |  |  | $
0.30 to 21.90 | 2,735,944 |  | 4.82 | 11.60 |  |  | 1,017,325 |  | 3.28 | 5.02 |
21.91 to 27.52 | 2,137,518 |  | 5.67 | 24.29 |  |  | 796,323 |  | 5.12 | 24.90 |
27.53 to 33.19 | 2,238,268 |  | 6.34 | 30.75 |  |  | 302,339 |  | 4.94 | 28.71 |
33.20 to 65.89 | 1,855,419 |  | 6.25 | 45.76 |  |  | 286,652 |  | 5.07 | 38.86 |
65.90 to 94.03 | 2,856,161 |  | 6.22 | 75.73 |  |  | 198,179 |  | 6.14 | 76.67 |
Total | 11,823,310 |  | 5.82 | 38.37 |  |  | 2,600,818 |  | 4.45 | 23.05 |

40

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

26. Related party transactions
Key management personnel includes the C-Level executives and other executives. Other related parties include close family members of the key management personnel and entities controlled by the key management personnel.
The executive compensation expense to the top five key management personnel is as follows:

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Short-term employee benefits and termination benefits | 3,242 |  | 2,914 |
Share-based payments | 20,331 |  | 21,251 |
Total compensation paid to key management personnel | 23,573 |  | 24,165 |

27. Financial instruments
Fair value
The Company measures the fair value of certain of its financial assets and financial liabilities using a fair value hierarchy. A financial instrument’s classification within the fair value hierarchy is based upon the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Three levels of inputs may be used to measure fair value. The different levels of the fair value hierarchy are defined as follows:
Level 1: Quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;
Level 2: Other techniques for which inputs are based on quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the asset or liability;
Level 3: Techniques which use inputs that have a significant effect on the recognized fair value that require the Company to use its own assumptions about market participant assumptions.
The Company estimated the fair value of its financial instruments as described below.
The fair value of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash and restricted deposits, trade receivables and trade accounts payable and accrued liabilities is considered to be equal to their respective carrying values due to their short-term maturities.
The fair value of accrued payroll taxes on share-based compensation approximates its carrying value as at March 31, 2023 and 2022.
Recurring fair value measurements
The fair value of foreign exchange forward contracts was determined based on Level 2 inputs, which included period-end mid-market quotations for each underlying contract as calculated by the financial institution with which the Company has transacted. The quotations are based on bid/ask quotations and represent the discounted future settlement amounts based on current market rates.
41

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

The fair value of merchant cash advances was determined based on Level 3 inputs by calculating the present value of the future estimated cash flows based on the terms of the agreements. The fair value of investments was determined based on Level 3 inputs using the prices for financial instruments stemming from private investments that the Company participated in.
As at March 31, 2023 and 2022, financial instruments measured at fair value in the consolidated balance sheets were as follows:

| March 31, 2023 |  | March 31, 2022
| Fair value hierarchy | Carrying amount | Fair value |  | Fair value hierarchy | Carrying amount | Fair value
|  | $ | $ |  |  | $ | $
Assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | Level 1 | 800,154 |  | 800,154 |  |  | Level 1 | 953,654 |  | 953,654 |
Restricted cash and restricted deposits | Level 1 | 1,774 |  | 1,774 |  |  | Level 1 | 1,791 |  | 1,791 |
Merchant cash advances | Level 3 | 29,492 |  | 29,492 |  |  | Level 3 | 6,300 |  | 6,300 |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | Level 2 | 0 | 0 |  | Level 2 | 23 |  | 23 |
Investments | Level 3 | 1,519 |  | 1,519 |  |  | — |  | — |  | — |
Liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign exchange forward contracts | Level 2 | 125 |  | 125 |  |  | Level 2 | 0 | 0

Credit and concentration risk
Generally, the carrying amount on the consolidated balance sheet of the Company’s financial assets exposed to credit risk, net of any applicable provisions for losses, represents the maximum amount exposed to credit risk.
The Company’s credit risk is primarily attributable to its cash and cash equivalents and trade and other receivables. The Company does not require a guarantee from its customers. Credit risk with respect to cash and cash equivalents is managed by maintaining balances only with high credit quality financial institutions. The Company does not hold any collateral as security.
Due to the Company’s diverse customer base, there is no particular concentration of credit risk related to the Company’s trade receivables. Moreover, trade receivable balances are managed and analyzed on an ongoing basis to ensure the loss allowance is established and maintained at an appropriate amount.
The Company maintains a loss allowance for a portion of trade receivables when collection becomes doubtful on the basis described in note 3. As described in that note, the ECL includes forward-looking factors specific to the debtors and the economic environment.
In the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023, potential effects from uncertainty in the macroeconomic environment on the Company's credit risk have been considered and have resulted in an increase to its allowance for ECLs from what the allowance would have been without factoring in these effects. The Company continues to monitor macroeconomic conditions and any resulting impacts on the Company's credit risk.
42

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

The loss allowance as at March 31, 2023 and 2022 was determined as follows:
2023

| Not past due | 0–30 | 30–60 | 60–90 | 90–180 | 180+
Expected loss rate | 3 | % | 15 | % | 48 | % | 67 | % | 69 | % | 71 | %
Gross carrying amount | 28,209 |  | 4,649 |  | 1,418 |  | 521 |  | 989 |  | 1,381 |
Loss allowance | 741 |  | 697 |  | 681 |  | 349 |  | 682 |  | 981 |

2022

| Not past due | 0–30 | 30–60 | 60–90 | 90–180 | 180+
Expected loss rate | 3 | % | 14 | % | 46 | % | 64 | % | 68 | % | 70 | %
Gross carrying amount | 17,279 |  | 2,212 |  | 617 |  | 213 |  | 577 |  | 1,996 |
Loss allowance | 518 |  | 310 |  | 284 |  | 136 |  | 392 |  | 1,403 |

Changes in the loss allowance were as follows:

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Balance – Beginning of fiscal year | 3,043 |  | 3,519 |
Increase | 3,076 |  | 1,603 |
Write-offs | (1,988) |  | (2,079) |
Balance – End of fiscal year | 4,131 |  | 3,043 |

Liquidity risk
The Company is exposed to the risk of being unable to honour its financial commitments by the deadlines set, under the terms of such commitments and at a reasonable price. The Company manages its liquidity risk by forecasting cash flows from operations and anticipated investing and financing activities.
As at March 31, 2023 and 2022, the maturity analysis of financial liabilities represented the following:
2023

| <1 Year | 1 to 5 Years |  | >5 Years | Total
| $ | $ |  | $ | $
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 68,827 |  | — |  |  | — |  | 68,827 |
Other long-term liabilities | — |  | 1,026 |  |  | — |  | 1,026 |

43

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

2022

| <1 Year | 1 to 5 Years |  | >5 Years | Total
| $ | $ |  | $ | $
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | 78,307 |  | — |  |  | — |  | 78,307 |
Other long-term liabilities | — |  | 1,007 |  |  | — |  | 1,007 |
Long-term debt | — |  | 30,000 |  |  | — |  | 30,000 |

For the maturity analysis of lease liabilities, see note 13. Details of contractual commitments are included in note 23.
The Company has $800,154 of cash and cash equivalents as at March 31, 2023, demonstrating its liquidity and its ability to cover upcoming financial liabilities.
The Company's business, financial condition and operations were not significantly impacted by the failure of Silicon Valley Bank. No material cash and cash equivalent balances were held with Silicon Valley Bank as at March 31, 2023.
Foreign exchange risk
The main currencies which expose the Company to foreign exchange risk due to financial instruments denominated in foreign currencies are the Canadian dollar, the Euro, the Australian dollar, the British pound sterling, the Swiss franc and the New Zealand dollar. The following table provides a summary of the Company's foreign exchange exposures, after taking into account relevant foreign exchange forward contracts, expressed in thousands of US dollars:

2023 | CAD | EUR | AUD | GBP | CHF | Other | Total
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | 3,336 |  | 5,828 |  | 2,078 |  | 1,907 |  | 1,456 |  | 1,537 |  | 16,142 |
Trade and other receivables | 3,716 |  | 9,004 |  | 8,199 |  | 1,680 |  | 1,074 |  | 1,883 |  | 25,556 |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | (10,615) |  | (8,948) |  | (3,604) |  | (1,561) |  | (1,294) |  | (3,333) |  | (29,355) |
Other long-term liabilities | (231) |  | (267) |  | (68) |  | (119) |  | (48) |  | (5) |  | (738) |
Lease liabilities | (11,805) |  | (3,258) |  | (1,870) |  | (4,085) |  | (866) |  | (211) |  | (22,095) |
Net financial position exposure | (15,599) |  | 2,359 |  | 4,735 |  | (2,178) |  | 322 |  | (129) |  | (10,490) |

2022 | CAD | EUR | AUD | GBP | CHF | Other | Total
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $
Cash and cash equivalents and restricted cash | 13,885 |  | 6,270 |  | 2,522 |  | 1,338 |  | 2,333 |  | 4,103 |  | 30,451 |
Trade and other receivables | 3,454 |  | 4,086 |  | 2,675 |  | 1,472 |  | 628 |  | 483 |  | 12,798 |
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities | (18,508) |  | (5,755) |  | (2,834) |  | (1,466) |  | (1,366) |  | (3,172) |  | (33,101) |
Other long-term liabilities | (287) |  | (270) |  | (53) |  | (142) |  | (37) |  | — |  | (789) |
Lease liabilities | (13,400) |  | (4,447) |  | (477) |  | (4,315) |  | (259) |  | (548) |  | (23,446) |
Net financial position exposure | (14,856) |  | (116) |  | 1,833 |  | (3,113) |  | 1,299 |  | 866 |  | (14,087) |

44

Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

The table below shows the immediate increase/(decrease) in net loss before tax of a 1% strengthening in the average exchange rate of significant currencies to which the Company has transaction exposure as at March 31, 2023 and 2022. The sensitivity associated with a 1% weakening of a particular currency would be equal and opposite. This assumes that each currency moves in isolation.

| CAD | EUR | AUD | GBP | NZD | Other
| $ | $ | $ | $ | $ | $
2023 | (84) |  | (58) |  | 161 |  | 111 |  | (152) |  | 15 |
2022 | (1,347) |  | (1,092) |  | (512) |  | (383) |  | (167) |  | (166) |

Foreign exchange forward contracts
The Company's policy is to mitigate its exposure to foreign exchange risk by entering into derivative instruments. The Company has hedged some of its foreign currency exchange risk. The Company has entered into multiple foreign exchange forward contracts, which are generally for a term of less than one year. The Company's currency pair used for cash flow hedges is US dollar / Canadian dollar. The Company does not use derivative instruments for speculative purposes. The Company's hedging program does not mitigate the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on its revenue.
Cash flow hedges
The Company has a hedging program to mitigate the impact of foreign currency fluctuations on future cash flows and earnings. Under this program the Company has entered into foreign exchange forward contracts and designated those hedges as cash flow hedges.
The notional principal of the foreign exchange contracts was approximately $109,200 CAD as at March 31, 2023 (March 31, 2022 - $26,000 CAD).
Hedging reserve

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
Balance as at March 31, | 23 |  | — |
Unrealized losses on fair value that may be subsequently reclassified to consolidated statements of loss | (3,386) |  | (337) |
Losses reclassified to direct cost of revenues, general and administrative expenses, research and development expenses, and sales and marketing expenses. | 3,238 |  | 360 |
Balance as at March 31, | (125) |  | 23 |

No hedge ineffectiveness was recorded during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2023.
All hedging relationships have been maintained as at March 31, 2023. No balance in the hedging reserve relates to hedging relationships for which hedged accounting is no longer applied.
Interest rate risk
Interest rate risk is the risk that changes in interest rates will have a negative impact on earnings and cash flows. Certain of the Company’s cash earns interest. The Company’s trade and other receivables, accounts payable and accrued liabilities and lease liabilities do not bear interest. Our exposure to interest rate risk was related to the Acquisition Facility (see note 19). The Company is not exposed to material interest rate risk.
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Lightspeed Commerce Inc. Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements
For the years ended March 31, 2023 and 2022
(expressed in thousands of US dollars, except number of shares)

Share price risk
Accrued payroll taxes on share-based compensation (social costs) are payroll taxes associated with share-based compensation that the Company is subject to in various countries in which it operates. Social costs are accrued at each reporting period based on inputs including, but not limited to, the number of stock options and share awards outstanding, the vesting of the stock options and share awards, the exercise price, and the Company’s share price. Changes in the accrual are recognized in direct cost of revenues and operating expenses. An increase in share price will increase the accrual for social costs, and a decrease in share price will result in a decrease in the accrual for social costs, all other things being equal, including the number of stock options and share awards outstanding and exercise price remaining constant. Based on the outstanding share-based payment awards at March 31, 2023, the impact on the accrual for social costs of an increase in the Company’s share price of 10% would result in a change of $288 as at March 31, 2023.
28. Capital risk management
The general objectives of the Company to manage its capital reside in the preservation of the Company’s ability to continue operating, in providing benefits to its stakeholders and in providing an adequate return on investment to its shareholders by selling its services at a price commensurate with the level of operating risk assumed by the Company.
The Company thus determines the total amount of capital required consistent with risk levels. This capital structure is adjusted on a timely basis depending on changes in the economic environment and in the risks of the underlying assets.
Refer to note 19 for information on the Company's Amended Revolver.
29. Geographic information
The geographic segmentation of the Company’s assets is as follows:

| 2023 |  | 2022
| Property and equipment | Right-of-use assets | Intangible assets | Goodwill |  | Property and equipment | Right-of-use assets | Intangible assets | Goodwill
| $ | $ | $ | $ |  | $ | $ | $ | $
Canada | 13,499 |  | 8,468 |  | 56 |  | 1,350,645 |  |  | 10,356 |  | 10,062 |  | 990 |  | 2,104,368 |
United States | 974 |  | 3,259 |  | 237,641 |  | — |  |  | 1,155 |  | 6,079 |  | 303,393 |  | — |
New Zealand | 611 |  | 152 |  | 58,948 |  | — |  |  | 656 |  | 517 |  | 75,892 |  | — |
Germany | 298 |  | 1,109 |  | 9,227 |  | — |  |  | 288 |  | 1,312 |  | 16,594 |  | — |
Other | 4,109 |  | 7,985 |  | 5,578 |  | — |  |  | 4,001 |  | 7,569 |  | 12,699 |  | — |

Geographic sales based on customer location are detailed as follows:

| 2023 | 2022
| $ | $
United States | 527,350 |  | 395,871 |
Canada | 47,066 |  | 33,423 |
Australia | 45,321 |  | 29,230 |
United Kingdom | 30,237 |  | 15,749 |
Other | 80,532 |  | 74,099 |

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