<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001171843-23-002478.txt : 20230424
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<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20230424161740
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001171843-23-002478
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		13
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20230424
ITEM INFORMATION:		Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20230424
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20230424

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			UFP TECHNOLOGIES INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000914156
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	SURGICAL & MEDICAL INSTRUMENTS & APPARATUS [3841]
		IRS NUMBER:				042314970
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			DE
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-12648
		FILM NUMBER:		23840319

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		100 HALE STREET
		CITY:			NEWBURYPORT
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			01950
		BUSINESS PHONE:		978-352-2200

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		100 HALE STREET
		CITY:			NEWBURYPORT
		STATE:			MA
		ZIP:			01950
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>UNITED STATES</b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION</b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>Washington, D.C. 20549</b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">_________________</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>FORM <span id="xdx_902_edei--DocumentType_c20230424__20230424_z0SN0PTxene2"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-04-24to2023-04-24" name="dei:DocumentType">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">_________________</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT</b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)<br />
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934</b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>Date of Report (Date of earliest event reported):&#160; <span id="xdx_908_edei--DocumentPeriodEndDate_c20230424__20230424_zRiZ7ufMgaFi"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-04-24to2023-04-24" format="ixt:datemonthdayyearen" name="dei:DocumentPeriodEndDate">April 24, 2023</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">_______________________________</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b><span id="xdx_903_edei--EntityRegistrantName_c20230424__20230424_zpUHlC8aBKi3"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-04-24to2023-04-24" name="dei:EntityRegistrantName">UFP TECHNOLOGIES, INC.</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">_______________________________</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b><span id="xdx_90C_edei--EntityAddressCityOrTown_c20230424__20230424_zYbahTvOnKP2"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-04-24to2023-04-24" name="dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown">Newburyport</ix:nonNumeric></span>, <span id="xdx_90A_edei--EntityAddressStateOrProvince_c20230424__20230424_z8dEE89eN808"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-04-24to2023-04-24" format="ixt-sec:stateprovnameen" name="dei:EntityAddressStateOrProvince">Massachusetts</ix:nonNumeric></span> - USA <span id="xdx_90A_edei--EntityAddressPostalZipCode_c20230424__20230424_zdXnNQkFbAG8"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-04-24to2023-04-24" name="dei:EntityAddressPostalZipCode">01950-3504</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

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<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b></b>(Registrant's telephone number, including area code)</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b>N/A</b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"><b></b>(Former name or former address, if changed since last report)</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">_______________________________</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8-K filing is intended to simultaneously satisfy
the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions:</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="vertical-align: top"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))</span></td></tr>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 39%; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Title of each class</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 23%; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Trading Symbol(s)</span></td>
    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; width: 38%; text-align: center"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Name of each exchange on which registered</span></td></tr>
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    <td style="text-align: center">The <span style="font-size: 10pt"><span id="xdx_900_edei--SecurityExchangeName_c20230424__20230424_z8pCnekVpDSk"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-04-24to2023-04-24" name="dei:SecurityExchangeName">NASDAQ</ix:nonNumeric></span></span> Stock Market L.L.C.</td></tr>
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<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging growth company as defined in Rule
405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (&#167;230.405 of this chapter) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (&#167;240.12b-2
of this chapter).</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">Emerging growth company <span id="xdx_90B_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20230424__20230424_z9puiPAKvLdk"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2023-04-24to2023-04-24" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#9744;</ix:nonNumeric></span></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use
the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a)
of the Exchange Act. &#9744;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>



<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

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<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"><b></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item 5.03. <span style="text-decoration: underline">Amendments to Articles of Incorporation or Bylaws; Change in Fiscal Year.</span></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">On April 24, 2023, the Board of Directors of UFP Technologies, Inc. (the
&#8220;<b>Company</b>&#8221;) approved the Company&#8217;s Second Amended and Restated Bylaws (the &#8220;<b>Second A&amp;R Bylaws</b>&#8221;),
effective as of such date. The Second A&amp;R Bylaws amended and restated the Company&#8217;s prior Bylaws in its entirety primarily to
update certain procedural requirements related to director nominations by stockholders in light of the Securities and Exchange Commission&#8217;s
recent adoption of Rule 14a-19 and amendments to existing rules under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &#8220;<b>Universal
Proxy Rules</b>&#8221;). Among other things, the amendments effected by the Second A&amp;R Bylaws:</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td style="text-align: justify">added certain updated procedures in connection with stockholder proposals to be brought before an annual
meeting of stockholders, including certain additional information requirements with respect to the stockholder making the proposal;</td></tr></table>

<p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td style="text-align: justify">added certain updated procedures in connection with stockholder nominations of directors, including certain
additional information requirements with respect to nominating stockholders, their proposed nominees and other persons related to a stockholder&#8217;s
solicitation of proxies;</td></tr></table>

<p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td style="text-align: justify">added a requirement for a nominating stockholder to comply in all respects with the requirements of the
Universal Proxy Rules;</td></tr></table>

<p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td style="text-align: justify">added a requirement that a stockholder directly or indirectly soliciting proxies from other stockholders
use a proxy card color other than white; and</td></tr></table>

<p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="width: 100%; font-size: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in"><span style="font-family: Symbol">&#183;</span></td><td style="text-align: justify">removed of the requirement that the Company make its stockholder list available during a meeting of stockholders
consistent with recent amendments to the Delaware General Corporation Law.</td></tr></table>

<p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">The foregoing description is qualified in its entirety by reference to
the full text of the Second A&amp;R Bylaws, a copy of which is attached to this Current Report on Form 8-K as Exhibit 3.1 and is incorporated
herein by reference.</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt"><b>Item 9.01. <span style="text-decoration: underline">Financial Statements and Exhibits.</span></b></p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">(d) Exhibits</p>

<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">&#160;</p>

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<p style="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly
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    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">Date: April 24, 2023</span></td>
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<TYPE>EX-3.1
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<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 3.1
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<HEAD>
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<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 3.1</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><U>SECOND</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><U>AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS<BR>
of<BR>
UFP TECHNOLOGIES, INC.<BR>
A Delaware Corporation</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right; margin: 0pt 0">As amended and restated,<BR>
effective as of April 24, 2023<BR>
<U>/s/ Christopher P. Litterio&#9;</U><BR>
Christopher P. Litterio, Secretary</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: right">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><U>SECOND</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><U>AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS</U><BR>
<U>TABLE OF CONTENTS</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right; margin: 0pt 0">Page</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: right; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>



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  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; text-transform: uppercase">
    <TD STYLE="width: 90%; text-align: left; text-indent: -0.8in; padding-top: 6pt; padding-bottom: 6pt; padding-left: 0.8in">Article I. Stockholders</TD>
    <TD STYLE="width: 10%; text-align: right; padding-top: 6pt; padding-bottom: 6pt">1</TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 1.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Annual Meeting.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">1</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 1.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Special Meetings.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">1</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 1.3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Notice of Meeting.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">1</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 1.4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Notice of Stockholder Business and Nominations.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 1.5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Quorum.6</TD>
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  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 1.6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Voting and Proxies.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">6</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 1.7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Action at Meeting.</TD>
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  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 1.8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Action Without Meeting.</TD>
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  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 1.9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Voting of Shares of Certain Holders.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 1.10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Stockholder Lists.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.8in; padding-top: 6pt; padding-bottom: 6pt; padding-left: 0.8in">Article II. Board of Directors</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 2.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Powers.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">7</TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 2.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Number of Directors; Qualifications.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 2.3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Election of Directors.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 2.4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Vacancies.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 2.5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Change in Size of the Board.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 2.7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Removal.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 2.8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Meetings.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 2.9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Notice of Meeting.</TD>
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  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 2.10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Agenda.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">9</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 2.11&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Quorum.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">9</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 2.12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Action at Meeting.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">9</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 2.13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Action Without Meeting.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">9</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 2.14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Committees.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">10</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; text-transform: uppercase">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.8in; padding-top: 6pt; padding-bottom: 6pt; padding-left: 0.8in">Article III. Officers</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 3.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Enumeration.</TD>
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  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 3.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Election.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 3.3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Qualification.</TD>
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  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 3.4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Tenure.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 3.5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Removal.</TD>
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  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 3.6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Resignation.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">11</TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 3.7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Vacancies.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 3.8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Chairman of the Board.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt; width: 90%">Section 3.9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Chief Executive Officer.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; width: 10%">11</TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 3.10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;President.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">11</TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 3.11&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Vice-President(s).</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 3.12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Treasurer and Assistant Treasurers.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 3.13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Secretary and Assistant Secretaries.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 3.14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Other Powers and Duties.</TD>
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  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom; text-transform: uppercase">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.8in; padding-top: 6pt; padding-bottom: 6pt; padding-left: 0.8in">Article IV. Capital Stock</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 6pt; padding-bottom: 6pt">12</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 4.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Stock Certificates.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 4.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Transfer of Shares.</TD>
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  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 4.3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Record Holders.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 4.4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Record Date.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 4.5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Transfer Agent and Registrar for Shares of Corporation.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 4.6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Loss of Certificates.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 4.7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Restrictions on Transfer.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 4.8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Multiple Classes of Stock.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.8in; padding-top: 6pt; padding-bottom: 6pt; padding-left: 0.8in">Article V. Dividends</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 5.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Declaration of Dividends.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 5.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Reserves.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.8in; padding-top: 6pt; padding-bottom: 6pt; padding-left: 0.8in">Article VI. Powers of Officers to Contract with the Corporation</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -0.8in; padding-top: 6pt; padding-bottom: 6pt; padding-left: 0.8in">Article VII. Indemnification</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 6pt; padding-bottom: 6pt">15</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left; vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Definitions.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Right to Indemnification in General.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.3&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Proceedings Other Than Proceedings by or in the Right of the Corporation.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Proceedings by or in the Right of the Corporation.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Indemnification of a Party Who is Wholly or Partly Successful.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">18</TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Indemnification for Expenses of a Witness.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Advancement of Expenses.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Notification and Defense of Claim.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Procedures.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Action by the Corporation.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.11&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Non-Exclusivity.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.12&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Insurance.</TD>
    <TD STYLE="text-align: right; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in">21</TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.13&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;No Duplicative Payment.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.14&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Expenses of Adjudication.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 7.15&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Severability.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 8.1&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Certificate of Incorporation.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 8.2&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Fiscal Year.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 8.4&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Execution of Instruments.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 8.5&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Voting of Securities.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 8.6&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Evidence of Authority.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 8.7&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Corporate Records.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt; width: 90%">Section 8.8&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Charitable Contributions.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 8.9&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Communications of Notices.</TD>
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    <TD STYLE="text-align: left; text-indent: -67.7pt; padding-top: 0in; padding-bottom: 0in; padding-left: 85.7pt">Section 8.10&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;Electronic Transmissions.</TD>
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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><U>AMENDED AND RESTATED BY-LAWS<BR>
OF<BR>
UFP TECHNOLOGIES, INC.<BR>
(A Delaware Corporation)</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">Article
I.<U><BR>
Stockholders</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 1.1<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Annual Meeting</U>.</B> The annual meeting of the stockholders of the corporation shall be held on such date as shall be fixed
by the board of directors, at such time and place within or without the State of Delaware as may be designated in the notice of meeting.
The board of directors may, in its sole discretion, determine that the annual meeting of stockholders shall not be held at any place,
but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication as authorized by the General Corporation Law of the State of Delaware
(the &ldquo;DGCL&rdquo;). If the day fixed for the annual meeting shall fall on a legal holiday, the meeting shall be held on the next
succeeding day not a legal holiday.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 1.2<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Special Meetings</U>.</B> Special meetings of the stockholders may be called at any time only by the president, the chief executive
officer or the board of directors. Special meetings of the stockholders shall be held at such time, date and place within or outside of
the State of Delaware as may be designated in the notice of such meeting. The board of directors may, in its sole discretion, determine
that a special meeting of stockholders shall not be held at any place, but may instead be held solely by means of remote communication
as authorized by the DGCL. Business transacted at any special meeting of the stockholders shall be limited to the purpose or purposes
stated in the notice of such meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 1.3<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Notice of Meeting</U>.</B> A written notice stating the place, if any, date, and hour of each meeting of the stockholders, the
means of remote communication, if any, by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed present in person and vote at such meeting,
and, in the case of a special meeting, the purpose or purposes for which the meeting is called, shall be given to each stockholder entitled
to vote at such meeting, and to each stockholder who, under the Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, is entitled to such notice,
by delivering such notice to such person or leaving it at his, her or its residence or usual place of business, or by mailing it, postage
prepaid, and addressed to such stockholder at his address as it appears upon the books of the corporation or by giving notice by electronic
transmission as permitted by Section 8.10 of these by-laws, at least ten (10) days and not more than sixty (60) before the meeting. Such
notice shall be given by the secretary, an assistant secretary, or any other officer or person designated either by the secretary or by
the person or persons calling the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">The requirement of notice to any stockholder may be
waived (i) by a written waiver of notice, signed by the person entitled to notice, or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person
entitled to notice, whether executed or transmitted before or after the meeting by the stockholder or his attorney thereunto duly authorized,
and filed with the records of the meeting, (ii) if communication with such stockholder is unlawful, (iii) by attendance at the meeting
without protesting prior thereto or at its commencement the lack of notice, or (iv) as otherwise excepted by law. A waiver of notice or
electronic transmission of any regular or special meeting of the stockholders need not specify the business to be transacted or the purposes
of the meeting unless so required by the Certificate of Incorporation or these bylaws.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">If a meeting is adjourned to another time or place,
notice need not be given of the adjourned meeting if the time and place, if any, thereof, and the means of remote communications, if any,
by which stockholders and proxy holders may be deemed to be present in person and vote at such adjourned meeting are announced at the
meeting at which the adjournment is taken, except that if the adjournment is for more than thirty days, or if after the adjournment a
new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, notice of the adjourned meeting shall be given to each stockholder of record entitled
to vote at the meeting. At the adjourned meeting, the corporation may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original
meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">Section 1.4<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Notice of Stockholder Business and Nominations.</P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 77.95pt">(A)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Annual Meetings of Stockholders.</P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">(1)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Nominations of persons for election to the board of directors and the proposal of business to be considered by the stockholders
may be made at an annual meeting of stockholders only (a) pursuant to the corporation&rsquo;s notice of meeting (or any supplement thereto),
(b) by or at the direction of the nominating and corporate governance committee of the board of directors or the board of directors or
(c) by any stockholder of the corporation who was a stockholder of record of the corporation at the time the notice provided for in this
Section 1.4 is delivered to the secretary of the corporation, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and who complies with the notice
procedures set forth in this Section 1.4.</P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">(2)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>For nominations or other business to be properly brought before an annual meeting of stockholders by a stockholder pursuant to
clause (c) of paragraph (A)(1) of this Section 1.4, the stockholder must have given timely notice thereof in writing to the secretary
of the corporation and any such proposed business other than the nominations of persons for election to the board of directors must constitute
a proper matter for stockholder action. To be timely, a stockholder&rsquo;s notice shall be delivered to the secretary at the principal
executive offices of the corporation not later than the close of business on the ninetieth day nor earlier than the close of business
on the one hundred twentieth day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding year&rsquo;s annual meeting (provided, however, that
in the event that the date of the annual meeting is more than thirty days before or more than seventy days after such anniversary date,
notice by the stockholder must be so delivered not earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth day prior to such annual
meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth day prior to such annual meeting or the tenth day following
the day on which public announcement of the date of such meeting is first made by the corporation). In no event shall the public announcement
of an adjournment or postponement of an annual meeting of stockholders commence a new time period (or extend any time period) for the
giving of a stockholder&rsquo;s notice as described above. Such stockholder&rsquo;s notice shall set forth: (a) as to each person whom
the stockholder proposes to nominate for election as a director (i) all information relating to such person that is required to be disclosed
in solicitations of proxies for election of directors in an election contest, or is otherwise required, in each case pursuant to and in
accordance with Section 14(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the &ldquo;Exchange Act&rdquo;) and the rules and regulations
promulgated thereunder and (ii) such person&rsquo;s written consent to being named in any proxy statement and any associated proxy card
as a nominee and to serving as a director if elected; (b) as to any other business that the stockholder proposes to bring before the meeting,
a brief description of the business desired to be brought before the meeting, the text of the proposal or business (including the text
of any resolutions proposed for consideration and in the event that such business includes a proposal to amend the by-laws of the corporation,
the language of the proposed amendment), the reasons for conducting such business at the meeting and any material interest in such business
of such stockholder and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the proposal is made; and (c) as to the stockholder giving the notice
and the beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is made (i) the name and address of such stockholder, as
they appear on the corporation&rsquo;s books, and of such beneficial owner, (ii) the class or series and number of shares of capital stock
of the corporation which are owned beneficially and of record by such stockholder and such beneficial owner, (iii) a description of any
agreement, arrangement or understanding with respect to the nomination or proposal between or among such stockholder and/or such beneficial
owner, any of their respective affiliates or associates, and any others acting in concert with any of the foregoing, (iv) a description
of any agreement, arrangement or understanding (including any derivative or short positions, profit interests, options, warrants, convertible
securities, stock appreciation or similar rights, hedging transactions, and borrowed or loaned shares) that has been entered into as of
the date of the stockholder&rsquo;s notice by, or on behalf of such stockholder and such beneficial owners, whether or not such instrument
or right shall be subject to settlement in underlying shares of capital stock of the corporation, the effect or intent of which is to
mitigate loss to manage risk or benefit of share price changes for, or increase or decrease the voting power of, such stockholder or such
beneficial owner, with respect to the shares of stock of the corporation, (v) a representation that the stockholder is a holder of record
of stock of the corporation entitled to vote at such meeting and intends to appear in person or by proxy at the meeting to propose such
business or nomination, (vi) a representation whether the stockholder or the beneficial owner, if any, intends or is part of a group which
intends (a) to deliver a proxy statement and/or form of proxy to holders of at least the percentage of the corporation&rsquo;s outstanding
capital stock required to approve or adopt the proposal or elect the nominee, (b) otherwise to solicit proxies from stockholders in support
of such proposal or nomination, and/or (c) solicit proxies in support of any proposed nominee in accordance with Rule 14a-19, (vii) in
the case of a nomination or nominations, a certification or representation that such nominating stockholder has complied with and/or will
comply with the requirements of Rule14a-19, and (viii) any other information relating to such stockholder and beneficial owner, if any,
required to be disclosed in a proxy statement or other filings required to be made in connection with solicitations of proxies for, as
applicable, the proposal and/or for the election of directors in an election contest pursuant to and in accordance with the Exchange Act
and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder, including without limitation Rule 14a-19. The foregoing notice requirements of this
Section 1.4 shall be deemed satisfied by a stockholder with respect to business other than a nomination if the stockholder has notified
the corporation of his, her or its intention to present a proposal at an annual meeting in compliance with applicable rules and regulations
promulgated under the Exchange Act and such stockholder&rsquo;s proposal has been included in a proxy statement that has been prepared
by the corporation to solicit proxies for such annual meeting. The corporation may require any proposed nominee to furnish such other
information as it may reasonably require to determine the eligibility of such proposed nominee to serve as a director of the corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">(3)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Notwithstanding anything in the second sentence of paragraph (A)(2) of this Section 1.4 to the contrary, in the event that the
number of directors to be elected to the board of directors of the corporation is increased effective at the annual meeting and there
is no public announcement by the corporation naming the nominees for the additional directorships at least one hundred days prior to the
first anniversary of the preceding year&rsquo;s annual meeting, a stockholder&rsquo;s notice required by this Section 1.4 shall also be
considered timely, but only with respect to nominees for the additional directorships, if it shall be delivered to the secretary at the
principal executive offices of the corporation not later than the close of business on the tenth day following the day on which such public
announcement is first made by the corporation</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">(4)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Notwithstanding anything to the contrary herein, unless otherwise required by law, if any stockholder or beneficial owner, if any,
on whose behalf a nomination is made (i) provides notice pursuant to Rule 14a-19(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act with respect to
any proposed nominee and (ii) subsequently fails to comply with the requirements of Rule 14a-19(a)(2) or Rule 14a-19(a)(3) promulgated
under the Exchange Act (or fails to timely provide reasonable evidence sufficient to satisfy the Corporation that such stockholder or
such beneficial owner has met the requirements of Rule 14a-19(a)(3) promulgated under the Exchange Act in accordance with the following
sentence), then the nomination of each such proposed nominee shall be disregarded, notwithstanding that proxies or votes in respect of
the election of such proposed nominees may have been received by the Corporation (which proxies and votes shall be disregarded). Upon
request by the corporation, if any shareholder or beneficial owner provides notice pursuant to Rule 14a-19(b) under the Exchange Act,
such shareholder or beneficial owner shall deliver to the corporation, no later than five business days prior to the applicable meeting,
reasonable evidence that it has met the requirements of Rule 14a-19(a)(3) under the Exchange Act.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 77.95pt">(B)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Special Meetings of Stockholders. Only such business shall be conducted at a special meeting of stockholders as shall have been
brought before the meeting pursuant to the corporation&rsquo;s notice of meeting. Nominations of persons for election to the board of
directors may be made at a special meeting of stockholders at which directors are to be elected pursuant to the corporation&rsquo;s notice
of meeting (1) by or at the direction of the board of directors or (2) provided that the board of directors has determined that directors
shall be elected at such meeting, by any stockholder of the corporation who is a stockholder of record at the time the notice provided
for in this Section 1.4 is delivered to the secretary of the corporation, who is entitled to vote at the meeting and upon such election
and who complies with the notice procedures set forth in this Section 1.4. In the event the corporation calls a special meeting of stockholders
for the purpose of electing one or more directors to the board of directors, any such stockholder entitled to vote in such election of
directors may nominate a person or persons (as the case may be) for election to such position(s) as specified in the corporation&rsquo;s
notice of meeting, if (i) the stockholder&rsquo;s notice required by paragraph (A)(2) of this Section 1.4 shall be delivered to the secretary
at the principal executive offices of the corporation not earlier than the close of business on the one hundred twentieth day prior to
such special meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of the ninetieth day prior to such special meeting or the tenth
day following the day on which public announcement is first made of the date of the special meeting and of the nominees proposed by the
board of directors to be elected at such meeting, and (ii) the stockholder otherwise complies with paragraph (A)(4) of this Section 1.4.
In no event shall the public announcement of an adjournment or postponement of a special meeting commence a new time period (or extend
any time period) for the giving of a stockholder&rsquo;s notice as described above.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 77.95pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 77.95pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 77.95pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 77.95pt">&nbsp;</P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 77.95pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 77.95pt">(C)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>General.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 77.95pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">(1)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Only such persons who are nominated in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.4 shall be eligible to be elected
at an annual or special meeting of stockholders of the corporation to serve as directors and only such business shall be conducted at
a meeting of stockholders as shall have been brought before the meeting in accordance with the procedures set forth in this Section 1.4.
Except as otherwise provided by law, the chairman of the meeting shall have the power and duty (a) to determine whether a nomination or
any business proposed to be brought before the meeting was made or proposed, as the case may be, in accordance with the procedures set
forth in this Section 1.4 (including whether the stockholder or beneficial owner, if any, on whose behalf the nomination or proposal is
made solicited (or is part of a group which solicited) or did not so solicit, as the case may be, proxies in support of such stockholder&rsquo;s
nominee or proposal in compliance with such stockholder&rsquo;s representations as required by this Section 1.4) and (b) if any proposed
nomination or business was not made or proposed in compliance with this Section 1.4, to declare that such nomination shall be disregarded
or that such proposed business shall not be transacted. Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.4, unless otherwise
required by law, if the stockholder (or a qualified representative of the stockholder) does not appear at the annual or special meeting
of stockholders of the corporation to present a nomination or proposed business, such nomination shall be disregarded and such proposed
business shall not be transacted, notwithstanding that proxies in respect of such vote may have been received by the corporation. For
purposes of this Section 1.4, to be considered a qualified representative of the stockholder, a person must be a duly authorized officer,
manager or partner of such stockholder or must be authorized by a writing executed by such stockholder or an electronic transmission delivered
by such stockholder to act for such stockholder as proxy at the meeting of stockholders and such person must produce such writing or electronic
transmission, or a reliable reproduction of the writing or electronic transmission, at the meeting of stockholders. Any votes or proxies
in favor of any disregarded nominations or proposed business, including without limitation proxies or votes disregarded pursuant to paragraph
B(4) or this paragraph (C)(1) of this Section 1.4, shall be treated as abstentions, notwithstanding that such votes or proxies may have
been received by the Corporation and counted for the purposes of determining quorum.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">(2)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>For purposes of this Section 1.4, &ldquo;public announcement&rdquo; shall include disclosure in a press release reported by a national
news service or in a document publicly filed by the corporation with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Section 13, 14
or 15(d) of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">(3)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Notwithstanding the foregoing provisions of this Section 1.4, a stockholder shall also comply with all applicable requirements
of the Exchange Act and the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder with respect to the matters set forth in this Section 1.4; provided
however, that any references in these by-laws to the Exchange Act or the rules and regulations promulgated thereunder are not intended
to and shall not limit any requirements applicable to nominations or proposals as to any other business to be considered pursuant to this
Section 1.4 (including paragraphs A(1)(c) and B hereof), and compliance with paragraphs A(1)(c) and B of this Section 1.4 shall be the
exclusive means for a stockholder to make nominations or submit other business (other than, as provided in the penultimate sentence of
A(2), matters brought properly under and in compliance with Rule 14a-8 of the Exchange Act, as may be amended from time to time). Nothing
in this Section 1.4 shall be deemed to affect any rights (a) of stockholders to request inclusion of proposals or nominations in the corporation&rsquo;s
proxy statement pursuant to applicable rules and regulations promulgated under the Exchange Act or (b) of the holders of any series of
Preferred Stock to elect directors pursuant to any applicable provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">(4)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>A stockholder directly or indirectly soliciting proxies for other stockholders must use a proxy card color other than white, which
shall be reserved for exclusive use by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 113.4pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 1.5<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Quorum</U>.</B> The holders of a majority in voting power of all stock issued, outstanding and entitled to vote at a meeting
shall constitute a quorum. Any meeting may be adjourned from time to time by a majority of the votes properly cast upon the question,
whether or not a quorum is present.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 1.6<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Voting and Proxies</U>.</B> Stockholders shall have one vote for each share of stock entitled to vote owned by them of record
according to the books of the corporation, unless otherwise provided by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation. Stockholders may vote
either in person or by proxy. Any such proxy may be in writing, or by means of electronic transmission (including telephone, electronic
mail, the Internet or such other electronic means as the board of directors may determine from time to time) that sets forth or is submitted
with information from which it can be determined that such transmission was authorized by the stockholder, or by such other means permitted
under applicable law. No proxy shall be voted or acted upon after three years from its date, unless the proxy provides for a longer period.
Proxies shall be filed with the secretary of the meeting, or of any adjournment thereof. Except as otherwise limited therein, proxies
shall entitle the persons authorized thereby to vote at any adjournment of such meeting. A proxy purporting to be executed by or on behalf
of a stockholder shall be deemed valid unless challenged at or prior to its exercise and the burden of proving invalidity shall rest on
the challenger. A proxy with respect to stock held in the name of two or more persons shall be valid if executed by one of them unless
at or prior to exercise of the proxy the corporation receives a specific written notice to the contrary from any one of them.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 1.7<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Action at Meeting</U>.</B> When a quorum is present at any meeting of stockholders, a plurality of the votes properly cast for
election to any office shall elect to such office, and a majority of the votes properly cast upon any question other than election to
an office shall decide such question, except where a larger vote is required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws.
No ballot shall be required for any election unless requested by a stockholder present or represented at the meeting and entitled to vote
in the election.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 1.8<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Action Without Meeting</U>.</B> All action required or permitted to be taken by the stockholders must be taken at a meeting
of the stockholders duly called and held in accordance with law and in accordance with the Certificate of Incorporation and these bylaws.
The stockholders cannot act by written consent.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 1.9<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Voting of Shares of Certain Holders</U>.</B> Shares of stock of the corporation standing in the name of another corporation,
domestic or foreign, may be voted by such officer, agent, or proxy as the by-laws of such corporation may prescribe, or, in the absence
of such provision, as the board of directors of such corporation may determine.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">Shares of stock of the corporation standing in the
name of a deceased person, a minor ward or an incompetent person, may be voted by his administrator, executor, court-appointed guardian
or conservator without a transfer of such shares into the name of such administrator, executor, court appointed guardian or conservator.
Shares of capital stock of the corporation standing in the name of a trustee or fiduciary may be voted by such trustee or fiduciary.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">Shares of stock of the corporation standing in the
name of a receiver may be voted by such receiver, and shares held by or under the control of a receiver may be voted by such receiver
without the transfer thereof into his name if authority so to do be contained in an appropriate order of the court by which such receiver
was appointed.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">A stockholder whose shares are pledged shall be entitled
to vote such shares unless in the transfer by the pledgor on the books of the corporation he expressly empowered the pledgee to vote thereon,
in which case only the pledgee or its proxy shall be entitled to vote the shares so transferred.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; margin: 0pt 0">Shares of its own stock belonging to this corporation
shall not be voted, directly or indirectly, at any meeting and shall not be counted in determining the total number of outstanding shares
at any given time but shares of its own stock held by the corporation in a fiduciary capacity may be voted and shall be counted in determining
the total number of outstanding shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 1.10<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Stockholder Lists</U>.</B> The secretary (or the corporation&rsquo;s transfer agent or other person authorized by these by-laws
or by law) shall prepare no later than the tenth day before each meeting of stockholders, a complete list of the stockholders entitled
to vote at the meeting; <FONT STYLE="color: #333333; background-color: white">provided, however, if the record date for determining the
stockholders entitled to vote is less than 10 days before the meeting date, the list shall reflect the stockholders entitled to vote as
of the tenth day before the meeting date, </FONT>arranged in alphabetical order, and showing the address of each stockholder and the number
of shares registered in the name of each stockholder. The corporation shall not be required to include electronic mail addresses or other
electronic contact information on such list. Such list shall be open to the examination of any stockholder, for any purpose germane to
the meeting, for a period of at least ten days ending on the day before the meeting date: (i) on a reasonably accessible electronic network,
provided that the information required to gain access to such list is provided with the notice of the meeting or (ii) during ordinary
business hours, at the principal place of business of the corporation. In the event that the corporation determines to make the list available
on an electronic network, the corporation may take reasonable steps to ensure that such information is available only to stockholders
of the corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">Article
II.<U><BR>
Board of Directors</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.1<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Powers</U>.</B> Except as reserved to the stockholders by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation, the business of the corporation
shall be managed under the direction of the board of directors, who shall have and may exercise all of the powers of the corporation.
In particular, and without limiting the foregoing, the board of directors shall have the power to issue or reserve for issuance from time
to time the whole or any part of the capital stock of the corporation which may be authorized from time to time to such person, for such
consideration and upon such terms and conditions as they shall determine, including the granting of options, warrants or conversion or
other rights to stock.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.2<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Number of Directors; Qualifications</U>.</B> Subject to Section 2.5, the board of directors shall consist of such number of
directors (which shall not be less than three) as shall be fixed initially by the incorporator(s) and thereafter, from time to time, by
resolution of the board of directors. No director need be a stockholder.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.3<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Election of Directors</U>.</B> The initial board of directors shall be designated in the Certificate of Incorporation, or if
not so designated, elected by the incorporator(s) at the first meeting thereof. Thereafter, directors shall be elected by the stockholders
at their annual meeting or at any special meeting the notice of which specifies the election of directors as an item of business for such
meeting, in accordance with the provisions of the Certificate of Incorporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.4<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Vacancies</U>.</B> In the case of any vacancy in the board of directors from death, resignation, disqualification or other cause,
including a vacancy resulting from enlargement of the board, the appointment or election of a director to fill such vacancy shall be only
by vote of a majority of the directors then in office, whether or not constituting a quorum. The director thus appointed or elected shall
hold office until his successor is duly elected and qualified or his earlier resignation or removal.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.5<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Change in Size of the Board</U>.</B> The number of members of the board of directors may be changed by vote of a majority of
the directors then in office or by the stockholders by vote of eighty percent (80%) of the shares of voting stock outstanding.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.6<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Tenure and Resignation</U>.</B> Except as otherwise provided by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these by-laws,
directors shall hold office until the next annual meeting of stockholders and thereafter until their successors are duly elected and qualified.
Any director may resign by delivering or mailing postage prepaid a written resignation, or by giving notice by electronic transmission
as permitted by Section 8.10 of these by-laws, to the corporation at its principal office or to the chairman of the board, if any, or
to the president, secretary or assistant secretary, if any. Such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless it is specified to
be effective at some other time or upon the happening of some other event.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.7<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Removal</U>.</B> A director may be removed from office only for cause, by vote of the holders of a majority of the shares then
entitled to vote at an election of directors, after reasonable notice and opportunity to be heard before the body proposing to remove
him.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.8<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Meetings</U>.</B> Regular meetings of the board of directors may be held without call or notice at such times and such places
within or without the State of Delaware as the board of directors may, from time to time, determine, provided that notice of the first
regular meeting following any such determination shall be given to directors absent from such determination. A regular meeting of the
board of directors shall be held without notice immediately after, and at the same place as, the annual meeting of the stockholders or
the special meeting of the stockholders held in place of such annual meeting, unless a quorum of the directors is not then present. Special
meetings of the board of directors may be held at any time and at any place designated in the call of the meeting when called by the chairman
of the board, the chief executive officer, the president (if a director) or a majority of the directors. Members of the board of directors
or any committee elected thereby may participate in a meeting of such board or committee by means of a conference telephone or similar
communications equipment by means of which all persons participating in the meeting can hear each other at the same time, and participation
by such means shall constitute presence in person at the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.9<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Notice of Meeting</U>.</B> It shall be sufficient notice to a director to send or give notice (i) by mail at least seventy-two
(72) hours before the meeting addressed to such person at his usual or last known business or residence address or (ii) in person, by
telephone, facsimile or electronic transmission to the extent provided in Section 8.10 of these by-laws, at least twenty-four (24) hours
before the meeting. Notice shall be given by the secretary, or in his absence or unavailability, may be given by any of an assistant secretary,
if any, or by the officer or directors calling the meeting. The requirement of notice to any director may be waived by a written waiver
of notice signed by the person entitled to notice or a waiver by electronic transmission by the person entitled to notice, executed or
transmitted by such person before or after the meeting or meetings, and filed with the records of the meeting, or by attendance at the
meeting without protesting prior thereto or at its commencement the lack of notice. A notice or waiver of notice of a meeting of the board
of directors or any committee thereof need not specify the purposes of the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.10<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Agenda</U>.</B> Any lawful business may be transacted at a meeting of the board of directors, notwithstanding the fact that
the nature of the business may not have been specified in the notice or waiver of notice of the meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.11<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Quorum</U>.</B> At any meeting of the board of directors, a majority of the directors then in office shall constitute a quorum
for the transaction of business. Any meeting may be adjourned by a majority of the votes cast upon the question, whether or not a quorum
is present, and the meeting may be held as adjourned without further notice.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.12<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Action at Meeting</U>.</B> Any motion adopted by vote of the majority of the directors present at a meeting at which a quorum
is present shall be the act of the board of directors, except where a different vote is required by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation
or by these by-laws.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.13<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Action Without Meeting</U>.</B> Any action required or permitted to be taken at any meeting of the board of directors, or any
committee thereof, may be taken without a meeting if all of the members of the board of directors or committee, as the case may be, consent
to the action in writing or by electronic transmission and the writing(s) or electronic transmission(s) are filed with the minutes of
proceedings of the board of directors or committee. Such filing shall be in paper form if the minutes are in paper form and shall be in
electronic form if the minutes are maintained in electronic form. Such consent shall be treated for all purposes as a vote of the board
of directors or committee, as the case may be, at a meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 2.14<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Committees</U>.</B> The board of directors may, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the directors then in office, appoint
an executive committee or other committees consisting of one or more directors and may by vote delegate to any such committee some or
all of their powers except those which by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these bylaws they may not delegate. In addition to
other committees that the board of directors may designate from time to time, the board of directors shall designate a compensation committee
and an audit committee. In the absence or disqualification of a member of a committee, the members of the committee present and not disqualified,
whether or not they constitute a quorum, may by unanimous vote appoint another member of the board of directors to act at the meeting
in place of the absent or disqualified member. A committee may create one or more subcommittees, each subcommittee to consist of one or
more members of the committee, and delegate to such subcommittee any or all of the powers of the committee. Unless the board of directors
shall otherwise provide, any such committee may make rules for the conduct of its business, but unless otherwise provided by the board
of directors or such rules, its meetings shall be called, notice given or waived, its business conducted or its action taken as nearly
as may be in the same manner as is provided in these by-laws with respect to meetings or for the conduct of business or the taking of
actions by the board of directors. The board of directors shall have power at any time to fill vacancies in, change the membership of,
or discharge any such committee at any time. The board of directors shall have power to rescind any action of any committee, but no such
rescission shall have retroactive effect.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">Article
III.<U><BR>
Officers</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.1<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Enumeration</U>.</B> The officers shall consist of a president, a treasurer, a secretary and such other officers and agents
(including a chairman of the board, a chief executive officer, one or more vice-presidents, assistant treasurers and assistant secretaries),
as the board of directors may, in its discretion, determine.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.2<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Election</U>.</B> The president, treasurer and secretary shall be elected annually by the directors at their first meeting following
the annual meeting of the stockholders or any special meeting held in lieu of the annual meeting. Other officers may be chosen by the
directors at such meeting or at any other meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.3<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Qualification</U>.</B> An officer may, but need not, be a director or stockholder. Any two or more offices may be held by the
same person. Any officer may be required by the directors to give bond for the faithful performance of his duties to the corporation in
such amount and with such sureties as the directors may determine. The premiums for such bonds may be paid by the corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.4<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Tenure</U>.</B> Except as otherwise provided by the Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws, the term of office of each
officer shall be for one year or until his successor is elected and qualified or until his earlier resignation or removal.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.5<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Removal</U>.</B> Any officer may be removed from office, with or without cause, by the affirmative vote of a majority of the
directors then in office; provided, however, that an officer may be removed for cause only after reasonable notice and opportunity to
be heard by the board of directors prior to action thereon.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.6<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Resignation</U>.</B> Any officer may resign by delivering or mailing postage prepaid a written resignation, or by giving notice
by electronic transmission as permitted by Section 8.10 of these by-laws, to the corporation at its principal office or to the president,
secretary, or assistant secretary, if any, and such resignation shall be effective upon receipt unless it is specified to be effective
at some other time or upon the happening of some event.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.7<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Vacancies</U>.</B> A vacancy in any office arising from any cause may be filled for the unexpired portion of the term by the
board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.8<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Chairman of the Board</U>.</B> The board of directors may appoint a chairman of the board and may designate the chairman of
the board as chief executive officer. If the board of directors appoints a chairman of the board, he shall preside at all meetings of
the stockholders and of the board of directors at which present and shall perform such other duties and possess such other powers as are
assigned to him by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.9<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Chief Executive Officer</U>.</B> The board of directors may appoint a chief executive officer, who may be a person other than
the chairman of the board or the president. Unless a chairman of the board is so designated or except as otherwise voted by the board
of directors, the chief executive officer shall preside at all meetings of the stockholders and of the board of directors at which present.
The chief executive officer shall have such duties and powers as are commonly incident to the office and such duties and powers as the
board of directors shall from time to time designate.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.10<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>President</U>.</B> The president shall be the chief executive officer of the corporation, unless another person is so designated.
The president shall have such duties and powers as are commonly incident to the office and such duties and powers as the board of directors
shall from time to time designate.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.11<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Vice-President(s)</U>.</B> The vice-president(s), if any, shall have such powers and perform such duties as the board of directors
may from time to time determine.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.12<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Treasurer and Assistant Treasurers</U>.</B> The treasurer, subject to the direction and under the supervision and control of
the board of directors, shall have general charge of the financial affairs of the corporation. The treasurer shall have custody of all
funds, securities and valuable papers of the corporation, except as the board of directors may otherwise provide. The treasurer shall
keep or cause to be kept full and accurate records of account which shall be the property of the corporation, and which shall be always
open to the inspection of each elected officer and director of the corporation. The treasurer shall deposit or cause to be deposited all
funds of the corporation in such depository or depositories as may be authorized by the board of directors. The treasurer shall have the
power to endorse for deposit or collection all notes, checks, drafts, and other negotiable instruments payable to the corporation. The
treasurer shall perform such other duties as are incidental to the office, and such other duties as may be assigned by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">Assistant treasurers, if any, shall have such powers
and perform such duties as the board of directors may from time to time determine.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.13<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Secretary and Assistant Secretaries</U>.</B> The secretary shall record, or cause to be recorded, all proceedings of the meetings
of the stockholders and directors (including committees thereof) in the book of records of this corporation. The record books shall be
open at reasonable times to the inspection of any stockholder, director, or officer. The secretary shall notify the stockholders and directors,
when required by law or by these by-laws, of their respective meetings, and shall perform such other duties as the directors and stockholders
may from time to time prescribe. The secretary shall have the custody and charge of the corporate seal, and shall affix the seal of the
corporation to all instruments requiring such seal, and shall certify under the corporate seal the proceedings of the directors and of
the stockholders, when required. In the absence of the secretary at any such meeting, a temporary secretary shall be chosen who shall
record the proceedings of the meeting in the aforesaid books.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">Assistant secretaries, if any, shall have such powers
and perform such duties as the board of directors may from time to time designate.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 3.14<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Other Powers and Duties</U>.</B> Subject to these by-laws and to such limitations as the board of directors may from time to
time prescribe, the officers of the corporation shall each have such powers and duties as generally pertain to their respective offices,
as well as such powers and duties as from time to time may be conferred by the board of directors.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">Article
IV.<U><BR>
Capital Stock</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.1<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Stock Certificates</U>.</B> The shares of capital stock of the corporation shall be represented by certificates in such form
as shall, in conformity to law, be prescribed from time to time by the board of directors, provided that the board of directors may provide
by resolution or resolutions that some or all of any or all classes or series of stock shall be uncertificated shares. Any such resolution
shall not apply to shares represented by a certificate until such certificate is surrendered to the corporation. Each certificate shall
be signed by the president or vice-president and treasurer or assistant treasurer or such other officers designated by the board of directors
from time to time as permitted by law, shall bear the seal of the corporation, and shall express on its face its number, date of issue,
class, the number of shares for which, and the name of the person to whom, it is issued. The corporate seal and any or all of the signatures
of corporation officers may be facsimile.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">If an officer, transfer agent or registrar who has
signed, or whose facsimile signature has been placed on, a certificate shall have ceased to be such before the certificate is issued,
it may be issued by the corporation with the same effect as if he were such officer, transfer agent or registrar at the time of its issue.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.2<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Transfer of Shares</U>.</B> Transfers of stock shall be made only on the books of the corporation, and in the case of certificated
shares of stock, title to a certificate of stock and to the shares represented thereby shall be transferred by delivery to the corporation
or its transfer agent of the certificate properly endorsed, or by delivery of the certificate accompanied by a written assignment of the
same, or a properly executed written power of attorney to sell, assign or transfer the same or the shares represented thereby. Upon surrender
of a certificate for the shares being transferred, a new certificate or certificates shall be issued according to the interests of the
parties. In the case of uncertificated shares of stock, title to the uncertificated shares shall be transferred upon receipt by the corporation
or its transfer agent of proper transfer instructions from the registered holder of the shares or by transfer instructions accompanied
by a written assignment of the same, or a properly executed written power of attorney to sell, assign or transfer the uncertificated shares.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.3<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Record Holders</U>.</B> Except as otherwise may be required by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation or by these by-laws,
the corporation shall be entitled to treat the record holder of stock as shown on its books as the owner of such stock for all purposes,
including the payment of dividends and the right to vote with respect thereto, regardless of any transfer, pledge or other disposition
of such stock, until the shares have been transferred on the books of the corporation in accordance with the requirements of these by-laws.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">It shall be the duty of each stockholder to notify
the corporation of his post office address.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">Section 4.4<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Record Date.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of stockholders or
any adjournments thereof, the board of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date on which the resolution
fixing the record date is adopted by the board of directors and which record date shall, unless otherwise required by law, not be more
than sixty (60) nor less than ten (10) days before the date of such meeting. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining
stockholders entitled to receive notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall be at the close of business on the day next preceding
the day on which notice is given, or, if notice is waived, at the close of business on the day next preceding the day on which the meeting
is held. A determination of stockholders of record entitled to notice of or to vote at a meeting of stockholders shall apply to any adjournment
of the meeting; provided, however, that the board may fix a new record date for the adjourned meeting.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>In order that the corporation may determine the stockholders entitled to receive payment of any dividend or other distribution
or allotment of any rights, or to exercise any rights in respect of any change, conversion or exchange of stock or for the purpose of
any other lawful action, the board of directors may fix a record date, which record date shall not precede the date on which the resolution
fixing the record date is adopted by the board of directors, and which record date shall be not be more than sixty (60) days prior to
such action. If no record date is fixed, the record date for determining stockholders for any such purpose shall be at the close of business
on the day on which the board of directors adopts the resolution relating thereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.5<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Transfer Agent and Registrar for Shares of Corporation</U>.</B> The board of directors may appoint a transfer agent and a registrar
of the certificates of stock of the corporation. Any transfer agent so appointed shall maintain, among other records, a stockholders&rsquo;
ledger, setting forth the names and addresses of the holders of all issued shares of stock of the corporation, the number of shares held
by each, the certificate numbers representing such shares, and the date of issue of the certificates representing such shares. Any registrar
so appointed shall maintain, among other records, a share register, setting forth the total number of shares of each class of shares which
the corporation is authorized to issue and the total number of shares actually issued. The stockholders&rsquo; ledger and the share register
are hereby identified as the stock transfer books of the corporation; but as between the stockholders&rsquo; ledger and the share register,
the names and addresses of stockholders, as they appear on the stockholders&rsquo; ledger maintained by the transfer agent shall be the
official list of stockholders of record of the corporation. The name and address of each stockholder of record, as they appear upon the
stockholders&rsquo; ledger, shall be conclusive evidence of who are the stockholders entitled to receive notice of the meetings of stockholders,
to vote at such meetings, to examine a complete list of the stockholders entitled to vote at meetings, and to own, enjoy and exercise
any other property or rights deriving from such shares against the corporation. Stockholders, but not the corporation, its directors,
officers, agents or attorneys, shall be responsible for notifying the transfer agent, in writing, of any changes in their names or addresses
from time to time, and failure to do so will relieve the corporation, its other stockholders, directors, officers, agents and attorneys,
and its transfer agent and registrar, of liability for failure to direct notices or other documents, or pay over or transfer dividends
or other property or rights, to a name or address other than the name and address appearing in the stockholders&rsquo; ledger maintained
by the transfer agent.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.6<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Loss of Certificates</U>.</B> In case of the loss, destruction or mutilation of a certificate of stock, a replacement certificate
may be issued in place thereof upon such terms as the board of directors may prescribe, including, in the discretion of the board of directors,
a requirement of bond and indemnity to the corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.7<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Restrictions on Transfer</U>.</B> Every certificate for shares of stock which are subject to any restriction on transfer, whether
pursuant to the Certificate of Incorporation, the by-laws or any agreement to which the corporation is a party, shall have the fact of
the restriction noted conspicuously on the certificate and shall also set forth on the face or back either the full text of the restriction
or a statement that the corporation will furnish a copy to the holder of such certificate upon written request and without charge.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 4.8<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Multiple Classes of Stock</U>.</B> The amount and classes of the capital stock and the par value, if any, of the shares, shall
be as fixed in the Certificate of Incorporation. At all times when there are two or more classes of stock, the several classes of stock
shall conform to the description and the terms and have the respective preferences, voting powers, restrictions and qualifications set
forth in the Certificate of Incorporation and these by-laws. Every certificate issued when the corporation is authorized to issue more
than one class or series of stock shall set forth on its face or back either (i) the full text of the preferences, voting powers, qualifications
and special and relative rights of the shares of each class and series authorized to be issued, or (ii) a statement of the existence of
such preferences, powers, qualifications and rights, and a statement that the corporation will furnish a copy thereof to the holder of
such certificate upon written request and without charge.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">Article
V.<U><BR>
Dividends</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 5.1<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Declaration of Dividends</U>.</B> Except as otherwise required by law or by the Certificate of Incorporation, the board of directors
may, in its discretion, declare what, if any, dividends shall be paid from the surplus or from the net profits of the corporation for
the current or preceding fiscal year, or as otherwise permitted by law. Dividends may be paid in cash, in property, in shares of the corporation&rsquo;s
stock, or in any combination thereof. Dividends shall be payable upon such dates as the board of directors may designate.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 5.2<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Reserves</U>.</B> Before the payment of any dividend and before making any distribution of profits, the board of directors,
from time to time and in its absolute discretion, shall have power to set aside out of the surplus or net profits of the corporation such
sum or sums as the board of directors deems proper and sufficient as a reserve fund to meet contingencies or for such other purpose as
the board of directors shall deem to be in the best interests of the corporation, and the board of directors may modify or abolish any
such reserve.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">Article
VI.<U><BR>
Powers of Officers to Contract<BR>
with the Corporation</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">Any and all of the directors and officers of the corporation,
notwithstanding their official relations to it, may enter into and perform any contract or agreement of any nature between the corporation
and themselves, or any and all of the individuals from time to time constituting the board of directors of the corporation, or any firm
or corporation in which any such director may be interested, directly or indirectly, whether such individual, firm or corporation thus
contracting with the corporation shall thereby derive personal or corporate profits or benefits or otherwise; provided, that (i) the material
facts of such interest are disclosed or are known to the board of directors or committee thereof which authorizes such contract or agreement;
(ii) if the material facts as to such person&rsquo;s relationship or interest are disclosed or are known to the stockholders entitled
to vote thereon, and the contract is specifically approved in good faith by a vote of the stockholders; or (iii) the contract or agreement
is fair as to the corporation as of the time it is authorized, approved or ratified by the board of directors, a committee thereof, or
the stockholders. Any director of the corporation who is interested in any transaction as aforesaid may nevertheless be counted in determining
the existence of a quorum at any meeting of the board of directors which shall authorize or ratify any such transaction. This Article
shall not be construed to invalidate any contract or other transaction which would otherwise be valid under the common or statutory law
applicable thereto.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">Article
VII.<U><BR>
Indemnification</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.1<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Definitions</U>.</B> For purposes of this Article VII the following terms shall have the meanings indicated:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&ldquo;Corporate Status&rdquo; describes the status
of a person who is or was a director, officer, employee, agent, trustee or fiduciary of the Corporation or of any other corporation, partnership,
joint venture, trust, employee benefit plan or other enterprise which such person is or was serving at the express written request of
the corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&ldquo;Court&rdquo; means the Court of Chancery of
the State of Delaware, the court in which the Proceeding in respect of which indemnification is sought by a Covered Person shall have
been brought or is pending, or another court having subject matter jurisdiction and personal jurisdiction over the parties.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&ldquo;Covered Person&rdquo; means a person who is
a present or former director or Officer of the corporation and shall include such person&rsquo;s legal representatives, heirs, executors
and administrators.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&ldquo;Disinterested&rdquo; describes any individual,
whether or not that individual is a director, Officer, employee or agent of the corporation, who is not and was not and is not threatened
to be made a party to the Proceeding in respect of which indemnification, advancement of Expenses or other action is sought by a Covered
Person.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&ldquo;Expenses&rdquo; shall include, without limitation,
all reasonable attorneys&rsquo; fees, retainers, court costs, transcript costs, fees of experts, witness fees, travel expenses, duplicating
costs, printing and binding costs, telephone charges, postage, delivery service fees, and all other disbursements or expenses of the types
customarily incurred in connection with prosecuting, defending, preparing to prosecute or defend, investigating or being or preparing
to be a witness in a Proceeding.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&ldquo;Good Faith&rdquo; shall mean a Covered Person
having acted in good faith and in a manner such Covered Person reasonably believed to be in or not opposed to the best interests of the
corporation or, in the case of an employee benefit plan, the best interests of the participants or beneficiaries of said plan, as the
case may be, and, with respect to any Proceeding which is criminal in nature, having had no reasonable cause to believe such Covered Person&rsquo;s
conduct was unlawful.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&ldquo;Improper Personal Benefit&rdquo; shall include,
but not be limited to, the personal gain in fact by reason of a person&rsquo;s Corporate Status of a financial profit, monies or other
advantage not also accruing to the benefit of the corporation or to the stockholders generally and which is unrelated to his usual compensation
including, but not limited to, (i) in exchange for the exercise of influence over the corporation&rsquo;s affairs, (ii) as a result of
the diversion of corporate opportunity, or (iii) pursuant to the use or communication of confidential or inside information for the purpose
of generating a profit from trading in the corporation&rsquo;s securities. Notwithstanding the foregoing, &ldquo;Improper Personal Benefit&rdquo;
shall not include any benefit, directly or indirectly, related to actions taken in order to evaluate, discourage, resist, prevent or negotiate
any transaction with or proposal from any person or entity seeking control of, or a controlling interest in, the corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&ldquo;Independent Counsel&rdquo; means a law firm,
or a member of a law firm, that is experienced in matters of corporation law and may include law firms or members thereof that are regularly
retained by the corporation but not by any other party to the Proceeding giving rise to a claim for indemnification hereunder. Notwithstanding
the foregoing, the term &ldquo;Independent Counsel&rdquo; shall not include any person who, under the standards of professional conduct
then prevailing and applicable to such counsel, would have a conflict of interest in representing either the corporation or Covered Person
in an action to determine the Covered Person&rsquo;s rights under this Article.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&ldquo;Officer&rdquo; means the chairman of the board,
the president, vice presidents, treasurer, assistant treasurer(s), secretary, assistant secretary and such other executive officers as
are appointed by the board of directors of the corporation and explicitly entitled to indemnification hereunder.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&ldquo;Proceeding&rdquo; includes any actual, threatened
or completed action, suit, arbitration, alternate dispute resolution mechanism, investigation (including any internal corporate investigation),
administrative hearing or any other proceeding, whether civil, criminal, administrative or investigative, other than one initiated by
the Covered Person, but including one initiated by a Covered Person for the purpose of enforcing such Covered Person&rsquo;s rights under
this Article to the extent provided in Section 7.14 of this Article. &ldquo;Proceeding&rdquo; shall not include any counterclaim brought
by any Covered Person other than one arising out of the same transaction or occurrence that is the subject matter of the underlying claim.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">Section 7.2<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Right to Indemnification in General.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Covered Persons</U>. The corporation may indemnify, and may advance Expenses, to each Covered Person who is, was or is threatened
to be made a party or otherwise involved in any Proceeding, as provided in this Article and to the fullest extent permitted by applicable
law in effect on the date hereof and to such greater extent as applicable law may hereafter from time to time permit.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">The indemnification provisions in this Article shall
be deemed to be a contract between the corporation and each Covered Person who serves in any Corporate Status at any time while these
provisions as well as the relevant provisions of the Delaware General Corporation Law are in effect, and any repeal or modification thereof
shall not affect any right or obligation then existing with respect to any state of facts then or previously existing or any Proceeding
previously or thereafter brought or threatened based in whole or in part upon any such state of facts. Such a contract right may not be
modified retroactively without the consent of such Covered Person.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Employees and Agents</U>. The corporation may, to the extent authorized from time to time by the board of directors, grant indemnification
and the advancement of Expenses to any employee or agent of the corporation to the fullest extent of the provisions of this Article with
respect to the indemnification and advancement of Expenses of Covered Persons.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.3<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Proceedings Other Than Proceedings by or in the Right of the Corporation</U>.</B> Each Covered Person may be entitled to the
rights of indemnification provided in this Section 7.3 if, by reason of such Covered Person&rsquo;s Corporate Status, such Covered Person
is, was or is threatened to be made, a party to or is otherwise involved in any Proceeding, other than a Proceeding by or in the right
of the corporation. Each Covered Person may be indemnified against Expenses, judgments, penalties, fines and amounts paid in settlements,
actually and reasonably incurred by such Covered Person or on such Covered Person&rsquo;s behalf in connection with such Proceeding or
any claim, issue or matter therein, if such Covered Person acted in Good Faith and such Covered Person has not been adjudged during the
course of such proceeding to have derived an Improper Personal Benefit from the transaction or occurrence forming the basis of such Proceeding.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.4<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Proceedings by or in the Right of the Corporation</U>.</B> Each Covered Person may be entitled to the rights of indemnification
provided in this Section 7.4 if, by reason of such Covered Person&rsquo;s Corporate Status, such Covered Person is, or is threatened to
be made, a party to or is otherwise involved in any Proceeding brought by or in the right of the corporation to procure a judgment in
its favor. Such Covered Person may be indemnified against Expenses, judgments, penalties, and amounts paid in settlement, actually and
reasonably incurred by such Covered Person or on such Covered Person&rsquo;s behalf in connection with such Proceeding if such Covered
Person acted in Good Faith and such Covered Person has not been adjudged during the course of such proceeding to have derived an Improper
Personal Benefit from the transaction or occurrence forming the basis of such Proceeding. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no such indemnification
shall be made in respect of any claim, issue or matter in such Proceeding as to which such Covered Person shall have been adjudged to
be liable to the corporation if applicable law prohibits such indemnification; provided, however, that, if applicable law so permits,
indemnification shall nevertheless be made by the corporation in such event if and only to the extent that the Court which is considering
the matter shall so determine.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.5<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Indemnification of a Party Who is Wholly or Partly Successful</U>.</B> Notwithstanding any provision of this Article to the
contrary, to the extent that a Covered Person is, by reason of such Covered Person&rsquo;s Corporate Status, a party to or is otherwise
involved in and is successful, on the merits or otherwise, in any Proceeding, such Covered Person shall be indemnified to the maximum
extent permitted by law, against all Expenses, judgments, penalties, fines, and amounts paid in settlement, actually and reasonably incurred
by such Covered Person or on such Covered Person&rsquo;s behalf in connection therewith. If such Covered Person is not wholly successful
in such Proceeding but is successful, on the merits or otherwise, as to one or more but less than all claims, issues or matters in such
Proceeding, the corporation shall indemnify such Covered Person to the maximum extent permitted by law, against all Expenses, judgments,
penalties, fines, and amounts paid in settlement, actually and reasonably incurred by such Covered Person or on such Covered Person&rsquo;s
behalf in connection with each successfully resolved claim, issue or matter. For purposes of this Section 7.5 and without limitation,
the termination of any claim, issue or matter in such a Proceeding by dismissal, with or without prejudice, shall be deemed to be a successful
result as to such claim, issue or matter.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.6<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Indemnification for Expenses of a Witness</U>.</B> Notwithstanding any provision of this Article to the contrary, to the extent
that a Covered Person is, by reason of such Covered Person&rsquo;s Corporate Status, a witness in any Proceeding, such Covered Person
shall be indemnified against all Expenses actually and reasonably incurred by such Covered Person or on such Covered Person&rsquo;s behalf
in connection therewith.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.7<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Advancement of Expenses</U>.</B> Notwithstanding any provision of this Article to the contrary, the corporation may advance
all reasonable Expenses which, by reason of a Covered Person&rsquo;s Corporate Status, were incurred by or on behalf of such Covered Person
in connection with any Proceeding, within thirty (30) days after the receipt by the corporation of a statement or statements from such
Covered Person requesting such advance or advances, whether prior to or after final disposition of such Proceeding. Such statement or
statements shall reasonably evidence the Expenses incurred by the Covered Person and shall include or be preceded or accompanied by an
undertaking by or on behalf of the Covered Person to repay any Expenses if such Covered Person shall be adjudged to be not entitled to
be indemnified against such Expenses. Any advance and undertaking to repay pursuant to this Section 7.7 may be unsecured interest free,
as the corporation sees fit. Advancement of Expenses pursuant to this Section 7.7 shall not require approval of the board of directors
or the stockholders of the corporation, or of any other person or body. The secretary of the corporation shall promptly advise the Board
in writing of the request for advancement of Expenses, of the amount and other details of the request and of the undertaking to make repayment
provided pursuant to this Section 7.7.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.8<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Notification and Defense of Claim</U>.</B> Promptly after receipt by a Covered Person of notice of the commencement of any Proceeding,
such Covered Person shall, if a claim is to be made against the corporation under this Article, notify the corporation of the commencement
of the Proceeding. The failure to notify the corporation will not relieve the corporation from any liability which it may have to such
Covered Person otherwise than under this Article. With respect to any such Proceedings to which such Covered Person notifies the corporation:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>The corporation will be entitled to participate in the defense at its own expense.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Except as otherwise provided below in this subparagraph (b), the corporation (jointly with any other indemnifying party similarly
notified) will be entitled to assume the defense with counsel reasonably satisfactory to the Covered Person. After notice from the corporation
to the Covered Person of its election to assume the defense of a suit, the corporation will not be liable to the Covered Person under
this Article for any legal or other expenses subsequently incurred by the Covered Person in connection with the defense of the Proceeding
other than reasonable costs of investigation or as otherwise provided below in this subparagraph (b). The Covered Person shall have the
right to employ his own counsel in such Proceeding but the fees and expenses of such counsel incurred after notice from the corporation
of its assumption of the defense shall be at the expense of the Covered Person except as provided in this paragraph. The fees and expenses
of counsel shall be at the expense of the corporation if (i) the employment of counsel by the Covered Person has been authorized by the
corporation, (ii) the Covered Person shall have concluded reasonably that there may be a conflict of interest between the corporation
and the Covered Person in the conduct of the defense of such action and such conclusion is confirmed in writing by the corporation&rsquo;s
outside counsel regularly employed by it in connection with corporate matters, or (iii) the corporation shall not in fact have employed
counsel to assume the defense of such Proceeding. The corporation shall be entitled to participate in, but shall not be entitled to assume
the defense of any Proceeding brought by or in the right of the corporation or as to which the Covered Person shall have made the conclusion
provided for in (ii) above and such conclusion shall have been so confirmed by the corporation&rsquo;s said outside counsel.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Notwithstanding any provision of this Article to the contrary, the corporation shall not be obligated to indemnify the Covered
Person under this Article for any amounts paid in settlement of any Proceeding effected without its written consent. The corporation shall
not settle any Proceeding or claim in any manner which would impose any penalty, limitation or disqualification of the Covered Person
for any purpose without such Covered Person&rsquo;s written consent. Neither the corporation nor the Covered Person will unreasonably
withhold their consent to any proposed settlement.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>If it is determined that the Covered Person is entitled to indemnification other than as afforded under subparagraph (b) above,
payment to the Covered Person of the additional amounts for which he is to be indemnified shall be made within ten (10) days after such
determination.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">Section 7.9<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>Procedures.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Method of Determination</U>. A determination (as provided for by this Article or if required by applicable law in the specific
case) with respect to a Covered Person&rsquo;s entitlement to indemnification shall be made either (i) by the board of directors by a
majority vote of a quorum consisting of Disinterested directors, or (ii) in the event that a quorum of the board of directors consisting
of Disinterested directors is not obtainable or, even if obtainable, such quorum of Disinterested directors so directs, by Independent
Counsel in a written determination to the board of directors, a copy of which shall be delivered to the Covered Person seeking indemnification,
(iii) by a special litigation committee of the board of directors appointed by the board, or (iv) by the vote of the holders of a majority
of the corporation&rsquo;s capital stock outstanding at the time entitled to vote thereon.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Initiating Request</U>. A Covered Person who seeks indemnification under this Article shall submit a Request for Indemnification,
including such documentation and information as is reasonably available to such Covered Person and is reasonably necessary to determine
whether and to what extent such Covered Person is entitled to indemnification.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Presumptions</U>. In making a determination with respect to entitlement to indemnification hereunder, the person or persons
or entity making such determination shall not presume that the Covered Person is or is not entitled to indemnification under this Article.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Burden of Proof</U>. Each Covered Person shall bear the burden of going forward and demonstrating sufficient facts to support
his claim for entitlement to indemnification under this Article. That burden shall be deemed satisfied by the submission of an initial
Request for Indemnification pursuant to Section 7.9(b) above.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(e)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Effect of Other Proceedings</U>. The termination of any Proceeding or of any claim, issue or matter therein, by judgment, order,
settlement or conviction, or upon a plea of guilty or of nolo contendere or its equivalent, shall not (except as otherwise expressly provided
in this Article) of itself adversely affect the right of a Covered Person to indemnification or create a presumption that a Covered Person
did not act in Good Faith.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(f)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Actions of Others</U>. The knowledge, actions, or failure to act, of any director, officer, employee, agent, trustee or fiduciary
of the enterprise whose daily activities the Covered Person was actually responsible may be imputed to a Covered Person for purposes of
determining the right to indemnification under this Article.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.10<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Action by the Corporation</U>.</B> Any action, payment, advance determination other than a determination made pursuant to Section
7.9(a) above, authorization, requirement, grant of indemnification or other action taken by the Corporation pursuant to this Article shall
be effected exclusively through any Disinterested person so authorized by the board of directors of the corporation, including the president
or any vice president of the corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.11<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Non-Exclusivity</U>.</B> The rights of indemnification and to receive advancement of Expenses as provided by this Article shall
not be deemed exclusive of any other rights to which a Covered Person may at any time be entitled under applicable law, the Certificate
of Incorporation, these By-Laws, any agreement, a vote of stockholders or a resolution of the board of directors, or otherwise. No amendment,
alteration, rescission or replacement of this Article or any provision hereof shall be effective as to an Covered Person with respect
to any action taken or omitted by such Covered Person in such Covered Person&rsquo;s Corporate Status or with respect to any state of
facts then or previously existing or any Proceeding previously or thereafter brought or threatened based in whole or to the extent based
in part upon any such state of facts existing prior to such amendment, alteration, rescission or replacement.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.12<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Insurance</U>.</B> The corporation may maintain, at its expense, an insurance policy or policies to protect itself and any Covered
Person, officer, employee or agent of the corporation or another enterprise against liability arising out of this Article or otherwise,
whether or not the corporation would have the power to indemnify any such person against such liability under the Delaware General Corporation
Law.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.13<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>No Duplicative Payment</U>.</B> The corporation shall not be liable under this Article to make any payment of amounts otherwise
indemnifiable hereunder if and to the extent that a Covered Person has otherwise actually received such payment under any insurance policy,
contract, agreement or otherwise.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.14<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Expenses of Adjudication.</U></B> In the event that any Covered Person seeks a judicial adjudication, or an award in arbitration,
to enforce such Covered Person&rsquo;s rights under, or to recover damages for breach of, this Article, the Covered Person shall be entitled
to recover from the corporation, and shall be indemnified by the corporation against, any and all expenses (of the types described in
the definition of Expenses in Section 7.1 of this Article) actually and reasonably incurred by such Covered Person in seeking such adjudication
or arbitration, but only if such Covered Person prevails therein. If it shall be determined in such adjudication or arbitration that the
Covered Person is entitled to receive part but not all of the indemnification of expenses sought, the expenses incurred by such Covered
Person in connection with such adjudication or arbitration shall be appropriately prorated.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 7.15<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Severability</U>.</B> If any provision or provisions of this Article shall be held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable for
any reason whatsoever:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>the validity, legality and enforceability of the remaining provisions of this Article (including without limitation, each portion
of any Section of this Article containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid,
illegal or unenforceable) shall not in any way be affected or impaired thereby; and</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>to the fullest extent possible, the provisions of this Article (including, without limitation, each portion of any Section of this
Article containing any such provision held to be invalid, illegal or unenforceable, that is not itself invalid, illegal or unenforceable)
shall be construed so as to give effect to the intent manifested by the provision held invalid, illegal or unenforceable.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt"></P>

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<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">Article
VIII.<U><BR>
Miscellaneous Provisions</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.1<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Certificate of Incorporation</U>.</B> All references in these by-laws to the Certificate of Incorporation shall be deemed to
refer to the Certificate of Incorporation of the corporation, as amended and in effect from time to time.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.2<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Fiscal Year</U>.</B> Except as from time to time otherwise provided by the board of directors, the fiscal year of the corporation
shall end on December 31<SUP>st </SUP> of each year.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.3<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Corporate Seal</U>.</B> The board of directors shall have the power to adopt and alter the seal of the corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.4<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Execution of Instruments</U>.</B> All deeds, leases, transfers, contracts, bonds, notes, and other obligations authorized to
be executed by an officer of the corporation on its behalf shall be signed by the president or the treasurer except as the board of directors
may generally or in particular cases otherwise determine.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.5<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Voting of Securities</U>.</B> Unless the board of directors otherwise provides, the president or the treasurer may waive notice
of and act on behalf of this corporation, or appoint another person or persons to act as proxy or attorney in fact for this corporation
with or without discretionary power and/or power of substitution, at any meeting of stockholders or stockholders of any other corporation
or organization, any of whose securities are held by this corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.6<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Evidence of Authority</U>.</B> A certificate by the secretary or any assistant secretary as to any action taken by the stockholders,
directors or any officer or representative of the corporation shall, as to all persons who rely thereon in good faith, be conclusive evidence
of such action. The exercise of any power which by law, by the Certificate of Incorporation, or by these by-laws, or under any vote of
the stockholders or the board of directors, may be exercised by an officer of the corporation only in the event of absence of another
officer or any other contingency shall bind the corporation in favor of anyone relying thereon in good faith, whether or not such absence
or contingency existed.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.7<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Corporate Records</U>.</B> Any books or records maintained by the Corporation in the regular course of its business, including
its stock ledger, books of account, and minute books, may be kept on, or by means of, or be in the form of, any information storage device
or method; <U>provided, however,</U> that the books and records so kept can be converted into clearly legible paper form within a reasonable
time. The Corporation shall so convert any books or records so kept upon the request of any person entitled to inspect such records pursuant
to the Certificate of Incorporation, these by-laws, or the provisions of the DGCL.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.8<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Charitable Contributions</U>.</B> The board of directors from time to time may authorize contributions to be made by the corporation
in such amounts as it may determine to be reasonable to corporations, trusts, funds or foundations organized and operated exclusively
for charitable, scientific or educational purposes, no part of the net earning of which inures to the private benefit of any stockholder
or individual.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.9<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Communications of Notices</U>.</B> Any notice required to be given under these by-laws may be given by (i) delivery in person,
(ii) mailing it, postage prepaid, first class, (iii) mailing it by nationally or internationally recognized second day or faster courier
service, or (iv) electronic transmission, in each case, to the addressee; provided however that facsimile transmission or electronic transmission
may only be used if the addressee has consented to such means.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 8.10<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Electronic Transmissions</U>.</B> Notwithstanding any reference in these bylaws to written instruments, all notices, meetings,
consents and other communications contemplated by these by-laws may be conducted by means of an electronic transmission, to the extent
permitted by law, if specifically authorized by the board of directors of the corporation.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">Article
IX.<U><BR>
Amendments</U></P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; font-weight: bold; margin: 0pt 0; text-transform: uppercase; text-align: center; text-indent: 0in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.1<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Amendment by Stockholders</U>.</B> Prior to the issuance of stock, these by-laws may be amended, altered or repealed by the
incorporator(s) by majority vote. After stock has been issued, these by-laws may be amended altered or repealed by the stockholders at
any annual or special meeting by vote of a majority of all shares outstanding and entitled to vote, except that where the effect of the
amendment would be to reduce any voting requirement otherwise required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or another provision of
these bylaws, such amendment shall require the vote that would have been required by law, the Certificate of Incorporation or these by-laws
or such other provision of these by-laws. Notice and a copy of any proposal to amend these by-laws must be included in the notice of meeting
of stockholders at which action is taken upon such amendment.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"><B>Section 9.2<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT><U>Amendment by Board of Directors</U>.</B> These by-laws may be amended or altered by the board of directors at a meeting duly
called for the purpose by majority vote of the directors then in office, except that directors shall not amend the by-laws in a manner
which:</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(a)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>changes the stockholder voting requirements for any action;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(b)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>alters or abolishes any preferential right or right of redemption applicable to a class or series of stock with shares already
outstanding;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(c)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>alters the provisions of Article IX hereof; or</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">(d)<FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;
</FONT>permits the board of directors to take any action which under law, the Certificate of Incorporation, or these by-laws is required
to be taken by the stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: justify; text-indent: 35.45pt">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">Any amendment of these by-laws by the board of directors
may be altered or repealed by the stockholders at any annual or special meeting of stockholders.</P>

<P STYLE="font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font-size: 10pt; text-align: center">23</P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0pt 0; font-size: 10pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
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<DESCRIPTION>XBRL LABEL FILE
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CountryRegion_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Country Region</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_CityAreaCode_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="dei_LocalPhoneNumber_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Extension_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Extension</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_WrittenCommunications" xlink:to="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_WrittenCommunications_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Written Communications</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SolicitingMaterial" xlink:to="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SolicitingMaterial_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Soliciting Material</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12bTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag" xlink:to="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_TradingSymbol" xlink:to="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityExchangeName_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_Security12gTitle" xlink:to="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_SecurityReportingObligation_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Security Reporting Obligation</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AnnualInformationForm_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Annual Information Form</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements" xlink:to="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_AuditedAnnualFinancialStatements_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Audited Annual Financial Statements</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" />
      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer" xlink:to="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityWellKnownSeasonedIssuer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Well-known Seasoned Issuer</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityVoluntaryFilers_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Voluntary Filers</link:label>
      <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2023/dei-2023.xsd#dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" />
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_EntityInteractiveDataCurrent_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Interactive Data Current</link:label>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>ufpt-20230424_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL PRESENTATION FILE
<TEXT>
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    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: VendorURI; Value: https://www.novaworks.com -->
    <!-- Field: Doc-Info; Name: Status; Value: 0x00000000 -->
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<span style="display: none;">v3.23.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140527762966160">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Apr. 24, 2023</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Apr. 24,  2023<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate', window );">Current Fiscal Year End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">--12-31<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-12648<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">UFP TECHNOLOGIES, INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000914156<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">04-2314970<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">DE<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">100 Hale Street<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">Newburyport<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">MA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">01950-3504<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">(978)<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">352-2200<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Common Stock<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">UFPT<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl" style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
</table>
<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>End date of current fiscal year in the format --MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CurrentFiscalYearEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:gMonthDayItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>For the EDGAR submission types of Form 8-K: the date of the report, the date of the earliest event reported; for the EDGAR submission types of Form N-1A: the filing date; for all other submission types: the end of the reporting or transition period.  The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
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<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
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<td>dei_</td>
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<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
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<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
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<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
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<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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<tr>
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<td>duration</td>
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<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
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<tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
