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Note 1 - Summary of Significant Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024
Notes to Financial Statements |
Significant Accounting Policies [Text Block] |
(1) | Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
UFP Technologies, Inc. (the “Company”) is a designer and custom manufacturer of comprehensive solutions for medical devices, sterile packaging, and other highly engineered custom products. The Company believes it is an important link in the medical device supply chain and a valued outsource partner to many of the top medical device manufacturers in the world. The Company’s single-use and single-patient devices and components are used in a wide range of medical devices and packaging for minimally invasive surgery, infection prevention, robotic surgery, patient handling, orthopedic implants, wound care, wearables, and orthopedic soft goods.
| (a) | Principles of Consolidation
The consolidated financial statements of the Company include the accounts and results of operations of UFP Technologies, Inc. and its wholly owned subsidiaries. For one joint venture where the Company is not the primary beneficiary, the joint venture is not consolidated and is accounted for under the equity method. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. The Company consists of a single operating and reportable segment.
| (b) | Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, including allowance for doubtful accounts and the net realizable value of inventory, and the fair value of goodwill, and the fair value of intangible assets, and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of net sales and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
| (c) | Fair Value Measurement
The Company defines fair value as the price that would be received from selling an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. When determining the fair value for assets and liabilities, which are required to be recorded at fair value, the Company considers the principal or most advantageous market in which the Company would transact and the market-based risk measurement or assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability, such as inherent risk, transfer restrictions, and credit risk.
| (d) | Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities are stated at carrying amounts that approximate fair value because of the short maturity of those instruments. The carrying amount of the Company’s long-term debt approximates fair value as the interest rate on the debt approximates the Company’s current incremental borrowing rate.
| (e) | Cash and Cash Equivalents
The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, the Company did not have any cash equivalents. The Company maintains its cash in bank deposit accounts that at times exceed federally insured limits. The Company periodically reviews the financial stability of institutions holding its accounts and does not believe it is exposed to any significant custodial credit risk. At December 31, 2024 and 2023, cash held by foreign subsidiaries was approximately $6.9 million and $3.7 million, respectively.
| (f) | Accounts Receivable
The Company periodically reviews the collectability of its accounts receivable. The Company is exposed to credit losses primarily through sales of products and services. The Company’s expected loss allowance methodology for accounts receivable is developed using historical collection experience, current and future economic and market conditions, and a review of the status of customers' trade accounts receivable. Due to the short-term nature of such receivables, the estimate of the amount of accounts receivable that may not be collected is based on the aging of the accounts receivable balances and the financial condition of customers. Additionally, specific allowance amounts are established to record the appropriate provision for customers that have a higher probability of default. The Company’s monitoring activities include timely account reconciliation, dispute resolution, payment confirmation, consideration of customers' financial condition and macroeconomic conditions. Balances are written-off when determined to be uncollectible. Estimates based on an assessment of anticipated payment and all other historical, current, and future information that is reasonably available are used to determine the allowance.
| (g) | Inventories
Inventories include material, labor, and manufacturing overhead and are valued at the lower of cost or net realizable value. Cost is determined using the first-in, first-out (“FIFO”) method. The Company periodically reviews the realizability of its inventory for potential excess or obsolescence. Determining the net realizable value of inventory requires management’s judgment. Conditions impacting the realizability of the Company’s inventory could cause actual asset write-offs to be materially different than the Company’s current estimates as of December 31, 2024 and 2023.
| (h) | Property, Plant, and Equipment
Property, plant, and equipment are stated at cost and are depreciated or amortized using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets or the related lease term, if shorter. Estimated useful lives of property, plant, and equipment are as follows:
Leasehold improvements | Shorter of estimated useful life or remaining lease term
Buildings and improvements (years) | 10 -30
Machinery and equipment (years) | 7 – 10
Furniture, fixtures, computers & software (years) | 3 – 7
Property, plant, and equipment amounts are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. An impairment loss would be recognized when the carrying amount of an asset exceeds the estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to result from the use of the asset and its eventual disposition. The amount of the impairment loss to be recorded is calculated by the excess of the asset’s carrying value over its fair value. No events or changes in circumstances arose during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 that required management to perform an impairment analysis.
| (i) | Goodwill
Goodwill is tested for impairment annually and will be tested for impairment between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate that the carrying amount may be impaired. Impairment testing for goodwill is done at a reporting unit level. Reporting units are one level below the business segment level but can be combined when reporting units within the same segment have similar economic characteristics. An impairment loss generally would be recognized when the carrying amount of the reporting unit’s net assets exceeds the estimated fair value of the reporting unit. The Company consists of a single reporting unit. The Company performed a qualitative assessment (“step 0”) as of October 1, 2024 and determined that it was more likely than not that the fair value of its reporting unit exceeded its’ carrying amount. As a result, the Company has not performed a “step 1” impairment assessment.
| (j) | Intangible Assets
Intangible assets with a definite life are amortized on a straight-line basis, with estimated useful lives ranging from 5 to 20 years. Intangible assets with a definite life are tested for impairment whenever events or circumstances indicate that their carrying values may not be recoverable. No events or changes in circumstances arose during the year ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022 that required management to perform an impairment analysis.
| (k) | Revenue Recognition
The Company recognizes revenue when a customer obtains control of a promised good or service. The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration that the Company expects to be entitled to in exchange for promised goods or services. The Company recognizes revenue in accordance with the core principles of ASC 606 which include (1) identifying the contract with a customer, (2) identifying separate performance obligations within the contract, (3) determining the transaction price, (4) allocating the transaction price to the performance obligations, and (5) recognizing revenue. The Company recognizes a significant portion of its product sales upon shipment. The Company recognizes revenue from the sale of tooling and machinery primarily upon customer acceptance. The Company recognizes revenue from engineering services, which are primarily product development services, as the services are performed or as otherwise determined based on the substance of the agreement. The Company recognizes revenue from bill-and-hold transactions at the time the specified goods are complete and available to the customer. Standard payment terms are net 30 days unless contract terms state otherwise. When determining the transaction price of a contract, an adjustment is made if payment from a customer occurs either significantly before or after performance, resulting in a significant financing component. We do not assess whether a significant financing component exists if the period between when we perform our obligations under the contract and when the customer pays is one year or less. In the ordinary course of business, the Company accepts sales returns from customers for defective goods, such amounts being immaterial. The Company warrants that goods sold to customers will conform to agreed upon specifications and that services will be performed in a reasonable and workmanlike manner. The Company does not provide a service as part this assurance warranty and its customers do not have the opportunity to purchase a warranty separately. Accordingly, any warranty activities are not considered to be a separate performance obligation. Although only applicable to an insignificant number of transactions, the Company has elected to exclude sales taxes from the transaction price. The Company has elected to account for shipping and handling activities for which the Company is responsible under the terms and conditions of the sale not as performance obligations but rather as fulfillment costs. These activities are required to fulfill the Company’s promise to transfer the goods and are expensed when revenue is recognized. Variable consideration to be included in the transaction price is estimated using either the expected value method or the most likely method based on facts and circumstances. Variable consideration is included in the transaction price if it is probable that a significant future reversal of cumulative revenue under the contract will not occur. The Company has elected to not disclose the aggregate amount of the transaction price allocated to unsatisfied performance obligations, as the Company’s contracts have an original expected duration of one year or less, or revenue has been recognized at the amount for which the Company has the right to invoice for revenue recognized over time.
| (l) | Share-Based Compensation
When accounting for equity instruments exchanged for employee services, share-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date, based on the calculated fair value of the award, and is recognized as an expense over the employee’s requisite service period (generally the vesting period of the equity grant). Forfeitures are adjusted as they occur.
| (m) | Shipping and Handling Costs
Costs incurred related to shipping and handling are included in cost of sales. Amounts charged to customers pertaining to these costs are included in net sales.
| (n) | Income Taxes
The Company’s income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Under the asset and liability method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis and operating loss and tax credit carry‐forwards. Deferred tax expense or benefit results from the net change during the year in deferred tax assets and liabilities. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. The Company evaluates the need for a valuation allowance to reduce its deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely than not to be realized. The Company has considered future taxable income and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in assessing the need for a valuation allowance. Should the Company determine that it would not likely be able to realize all or part of its deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the deferred tax assets would be charged to income in the period such determination was made. The Company recognizes the tax benefit from an uncertain tax position only if it is more likely than not that the tax position will be sustained on examination by the taxing authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefits recognized in the consolidated financial statements from such positions are then measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties accrued related to unrecognized tax benefits in tax expense.
| (o) | Segments and Related Information
The Company follows the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification (ASC) 280, Segment Reporting, which establish standards for the way public business enterprises report information and operating segments in annual financial statements (see Note 20).
| (p) | Treasury Stock
The Company accounts for treasury stock under the cost method, using the first-in, first out cost flow assumption, and includes treasury stock as a component of stockholders’ equity. The Company did not repurchase any shares of common stock during the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022.
| (q) | Research and Development
On a routine basis, the Company incurs costs related to research and development activity. These costs are expensed as incurred and are largely included in “Cost of Sales” on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Approximately $10.4 million, $7.2 million, and $9.3 million were expensed in the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023 and 2022, respectively.
| (r) | Foreign Currency Translation
The Company has foreign operations in the Dominican Republic, Ireland, Costa Rica, and Mexico, which expose the Company to foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations due to transactions denominated in Dominican pesos, Euros, Costa Rican colones, and Mexican pesos. The Company translates all assets and liabilities of its foreign subsidiaries, where the U.S. dollar is not the functional currency, at the period-end exchange rate and translates income and expenses at the average exchange rates in effect during the period. The net effect of this translation is recorded in the consolidated financial statements as a component of Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss) Income (AOCI). Recent Accounting Pronouncements In November 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued Accounting Standards Update (ASU) 2023-07, Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures, to enhance disclosures for significant segment expenses for all public entities required to report segment information in accordance with ASC 280. The standard did not change the definition of a segment, the method for determining segments or the criteria for aggregating operating segments into reportable segments. The amendments are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2023, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Retrospective adoption is required for all prior periods presented in the financial statements. The Company adopted the new standard in the fourth quarter of 2024. The new required disclosures are included in Note 20, "Segment Data”. In December 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-09, Income Taxes (Topic 740)-Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures. The ASU requires additional quantitative and qualitative income tax disclosures to allow readers of the consolidated financial statements to assess how the Company’s operations, related tax risks and tax planning affect its tax rate and prospects for future cash flows. For public business entities, the ASU is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2024. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements. In November 2024, the FASB issued ASU 2024-03, Income Statement—Reporting Comprehensive Income—Expense Disaggregation Disclosures (Subtopic 220-40): Disaggregation of Income Statement Expenses. The ASU is intended to improve disclosures about a public business entity’s expenses and provide more detailed information to investors about the types of expenses in commonly presented expense captions. The ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2026, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2027, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact that the adoption of this ASU will have on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

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