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Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2021

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Domestic and Foreign Components of Income (Loss) Before Income Taxes

The domestic and foreign components of income (loss) before income taxes were as follows (in millions):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2021				2020				2019
United States	$	(9	)		$	(289	)		$	(12	)
Foreign		21				(141	)			(81	)
Income (loss) before income taxes	$	12			$	(430	)		$	(93	)

Components of the Provision (Benefit) for Income Taxes

The provision (benefit) for income taxes for 2021, 2020 and 2019 consisted of the following (in millions):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2021				2020				2019
U.S. Federal:
Current	$	—			$	—			$	—
Deferred		(1	)			—				—
		(1	)			—				—
U.S. State:
Current		—				—				1
Deferred		—				—				—
		—				—				1
Foreign:
Current		7				1				5
Deferred		1				(4	)			(2	)
		8				(3	)			3
Income tax provision (benefit)	$	7			$	(3	)		$	4

Reconciliation Between Effective Tax Rate

The reconciliation between the Company’s effective tax rate on income (loss) from continuing operations and the statutory tax rate is as follows (in millions):

	Year Ended December 31,
	2021				2020				2019
Income tax provision (benefit) at federal statutory rate	$	3			$	(90	)		$	(19	)
Foreign tax rate differential		2				1				2
State income tax provision (benefit), net of federal benefit		(1	)			(4	)			—
Nondeductible expenses		—				2				3
Investment in subsidiaries		—				—				(9	)
Nondeductible goodwill impairment		—				25				16
Change in valuation allowance		2				61				9
Other		1				2				2
Income tax provision (benefit)	$	7			$	(3	)		$	4
Effective tax rate		54.8	%			0.6	%			(4.4	)%

In general, the effective tax rate differs from the U.S. statutory rate due to recurring items, such as differing tax rates on income earned in foreign jurisdictions, nondeductible expenses, state income taxes and the change in valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. For the year ended December 31, 2021, the effective tax rate was primarily driven by the low level of consolidated pre-tax income and the recognition of tax expense from earnings in Canada, which was not able to be offset by benefits recognized on losses in other jurisdictions.

Significant Components of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

Significant components of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities were as follows (in millions):

	December 31,
	2021				2020				2019
Deferred tax assets:
Allowances and operating liabilities	$	6			$	3			$	5
Net operating loss carryforwards		92				79				56
Foreign tax credit carryforwards		7				7				7
Allowance for doubtful accounts		4				5				2
Inventory reserve		10				13				9
Stock-based compensation		5				6				8
Intangible assets		57				66				28
Assets held-for-sale		—				—				4
Investment in subsidiaries		—				—				9
Capital loss carryforward		10				11				—
Book over tax depreciation		5				5				4
Other		5				5				4
Total deferred tax assets	$	201			$	200			$	136
Deferred tax liabilities:
Total deferred tax liabilities	$	—			$	—			$	—
Net deferred tax assets before valuation allowance		201				200				136
Valuation allowance		(201	)			(199	)			(138	)
Net deferred tax assets (liabilities)	$	—			$	1			$	(2	)

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Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.

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Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.

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Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

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Tabular disclosure of income before income tax between domestic and foreign jurisdictions.

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