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UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark one)

☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

FOR THE QUARTERLY PERIOD ENDED March 31, 2023

OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

Commission File Number 001-36325

NOW INC.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware |  | 46-4191184
(State or other jurisdiction of |  | (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) |  | Identification No.)

7402 North Eldridge Parkway,

Houston, Texas 77041

(Address of principal executive offices)

(281) 823-4700

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading Symbol(s) |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, par value $0.01 |  | DNOW |  | New York Stock Exchange

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer |  | ☒ |  | Accelerated filer |  | ☐
Non-accelerated filer |  | ☐ |  | Smaller reporting company |  | ☐
|  |  |  | Emerging growth company |  | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

As of April 27, 2023, the registrant had 106,972,917 shares of common stock (excluding 1,841,586 unvested restricted shares), par value $0.01 per share, outstanding.

1

NOW INC.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Part I - Financial Information
Item 1. |  | Financial Statements |  | 3
|  | Consolidated Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2023 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2022 |  | 3
|  | Consolidated Statements of Operations (Unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 |  | 4
|  | Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss) (Unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 |  | 5
|  | Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 |  | 6
|  | Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Unaudited) for the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022 |  | 7
|  | Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements |  | 8
Item 2. |  | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |  | 15
Item 3. |  | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk |  | 24
Item 4. |  | Controls and Procedures |  | 25
Part II - Other Information
Item 2. |  | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds |  | 26
Item 6. |  | Exhibits |  | 27

2

PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Financial Statements

NOW INC.

CONSOLIDATED B ALANCE SHEETS

(In millions, except share data)

|  | March 31, 2023 |  |  | December 31, 2022 |
|  | (Unaudited) |  |  |  |
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 168 |  |  | $ | 212 |
Receivables, net |  |  | 422 |  |  |  | 398 |
Inventories, net |  |  | 406 |  |  |  | 381 |
Prepaid and other current assets |  |  | 29 |  |  |  | 26 |
Total current assets |  |  | 1,025 |  |  |  | 1,017 |
Property, plant and equipment, net |  |  | 121 |  |  |  | 119 |
Goodwill |  |  | 119 |  |  |  | 116 |
Intangibles, net |  |  | 23 |  |  |  | 25 |
Other assets |  |  | 41 |  |  |  | 43 |
Total assets |  | $ | 1,329 |  |  | $ | 1,320 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | $ | 323 |  |  | $ | 304 |
Accrued liabilities |  |  | 118 |  |  |  | 126 |
Other current liabilities |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 9 |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 447 |  |  |  | 439 |
Long-term operating lease liabilities |  |  | 25 |  |  |  | 25 |
Deferred income taxes |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |
Other long-term liabilities |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 11 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 485 |  |  |  | 476 |
Commitments and contingencies |  |  |  |  |  |
Stockholders' equity: |  |  |  |  |  |
Preferred stock - par value $0.01; 20 million shares authorized; no shares issued and outstanding |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Common stock - par value $0.01; 330 million shares authorized; 107,394,917 and 110,369,266 shares issued and outstanding at March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, respectively |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |
Treasury Stock - at cost; 244,604 shares at March 31, 2023 |  |  | (3 | ) |  |  | — |
Additional paid-in capital |  |  | 2,036 |  |  |  | 2,066 |
Accumulated deficit |  |  | (1,044 | ) |  |  | (1,075 | )
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  |  | (149 | ) |  |  | (150 | )
NOW Inc. stockholders' equity |  |  | 841 |  |  |  | 842 |
Noncontrolling interest |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 2 |
Total stockholders' equity |  |  | 844 |  |  |  | 844 |
Total liabilities and stockholders' equity |  | $ | 1,329 |  |  | $ | 1,320 |

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

3

NOW INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS (UNAUDITED)

(In millions, except per share data)

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Revenue |  | $ | 584 |  |  | $ | 473 |
Operating expenses: |  |  |  |  |  |
Cost of products |  |  | 447 |  |  |  | 366 |
Warehousing, selling and administrative |  |  | 102 |  |  |  | 84 |
Operating profit |  |  | 35 |  |  |  | 23 |
Other income (expense) |  |  | — |  |  |  | 10 |
Income before income taxes |  |  | 35 |  |  |  | 33 |
Income tax provision |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 3 |
Net income |  |  | 32 |  |  |  | 30 |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | — |
Net income attributable to NOW Inc. |  | $ | 31 |  |  | $ | 30 |
Earnings per share attributable to NOW Inc. stockholders: |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 0.28 |  |  | $ | 0.27 |
Diluted |  | $ | 0.28 |  |  | $ | 0.27 |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, basic |  |  | 110 |  |  |  | 111 |
Weighted-average common shares outstanding, diluted |  |  | 111 |  |  |  | 111 |

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

4

NOW INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COM PREHENSIVE INCOME (UNAUDITED)

(In millions)

| Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Net income | $ | 32 |  |  | $ | 30 |
Other comprehensive income: |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustments |  | 1 |  |  |  | 2 |
Comprehensive income |  | 33 |  |  |  | 32 |
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interest |  | 1 |  |  |  | — |
Comprehensive income attributable to NOW Inc. | $ | 32 |  |  | $ | 32 |

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

5

NOW INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS O F CASH FLOWS (UNAUDITED)

(In millions)

| Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Cash flows from operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 32 |  |  | $ | 30 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities: |  |  |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 6 |  |  |  | 4 |
Provision for inventory |  | 1 |  |  |  | 2 |
Stock-based compensation |  | 3 |  |  |  | 2 |
Other, net |  | 6 |  |  |  | (9 | )
Change in operating assets and liabilities, net of effects of acquisitions and divestitures: |  |  |  |  |
Receivables |  | (25 | ) |  |  | (36 | )
Inventories |  | (26 | ) |  |  | (47 | )
Prepaid and other current assets |  | (3 | ) |  |  | 1 |
Accounts payable, accrued liabilities and other, net |  | — |  |  |  | 31 |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |  | (6 | ) |  |  | (22 | )
Cash flows from investing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment |  | (5 | ) |  |  | — |
Other, net |  | — |  |  |  | 2 |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |  | (5 | ) |  |  | 2 |
Cash flows from financing activities: |  |  |  |  |
Repurchases of common stock |  | (33 | ) |  |  | — |
Payments relating to finance leases and other, net |  | (1 | ) |  |  | (1 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  | (34 | ) |  |  | (1 | )
Effect of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents |  | 1 |  |  |  | 1 |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |  | (44 | ) |  |  | (20 | )
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period |  | 212 |  |  |  | 313 |
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period | $ | 168 |  |  | $ | 293 |

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

6

NOW INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY (UNAUDITED)

(In millions)

| Attributable to NOW Inc. Stockholders |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  |  |  | Additional |  |  | Retained |  |  | Accum. Other |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | Total |
| Common |  |  | Paid-In |  |  | Earnings |  |  | Comprehensive |  |  | Treasury |  |  | Noncontrolling |  |  | Stockholders’ |
| Stock |  |  | Capital |  |  | (Deficit) |  |  | Income (Loss) |  |  | Stock |  |  | Interest |  |  | Equity |
December 31, 2021 | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 2,060 |  |  | $ | (1,203 | ) |  | $ | (147 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 712 |
Net income |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 30 |
Stock-based compensation |  | — |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2 |
Other comprehensive income |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 2 |
March 31, 2022 | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 2,062 |  |  | $ | (1,173 | ) |  | $ | (145 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 746 |
December 31, 2022 | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 2,066 |  |  | $ | (1,075 | ) |  | $ | (150 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2 |  |  | $ | 844 |
Net income |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 31 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 32 |
Common stock repurchased |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (36 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | (36 | )
Common stock retired |  | — |  |  |  | (33 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 33 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Stock-based compensation |  | — |  |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 3 |
Exercise of stock options |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |
Shares withheld for taxes |  | — |  |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | (1 | )
Other comprehensive income |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 1 |
March 31, 2023 | $ | 1 |  |  | $ | 2,036 |  |  | $ | (1,044 | ) |  | $ | (149 | ) |  | $ | (3 | ) |  | $ | 3 |  |  | $ | 844 |

See notes to unaudited consolidated financial statements.

7

NOW INC.

Notes to Unaudited Consolid ated Financial Statements

1. Organization and Basis of Presentation

Nature of Operations

NOW Inc. (“NOW” or the “Company”) is a holding company headquartered in Houston, Texas that was incorporated in Delaware on November 22, 2013. NOW operates primarily under the DistributionNOW and DNOW brands. NOW is a global distributor of energy products as well as products for industrial applications through its locations in the United States (“U.S.”), Canada and internationally which are geographically positioned to serve the energy and industrial markets in approximately 80 countries. Additionally, through the Company’s growing DigitalNOW® platform, customers can leverage world-class technology across ecommerce, data management and supply chain optimization applications to solve a wide array of complex operational and product sourcing challenges to assist in maximizing their return on assets. The Company’s energy product offering is consumed throughout all sectors of the energy industry – from upstream drilling and completion, exploration and production, midstream infrastructure development to downstream petroleum refining and petrochemicals – as well as in other industries, such as chemical processing, mining, utilities and renewables. The industrial distribution end markets include engineering and construction firms that perform capital and maintenance projects for their end user clients. NOW also provides supply chain and materials management solutions to the same markets where the Company sells products. NOW’s supplier network consists of thousands of vendors in approximately 40 countries.

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited consolidated financial information included in this report has been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and Article 10 of SEC Regulation S-X. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. Variable interest entities for which the Company is the primary beneficiary are fully consolidated with the equity held by the outside stockholders and their portion of net income (loss) reflected as noncontrolling interest in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The principles for interim financial information do not require the inclusion of all the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. Therefore, these financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the opinion of the Company’s management, the consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, all of which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Certain amounts in the prior periods presented have been reclassified to conform to the current period financial statement presentation. These reclassifications have no effect on previously reported results of operations. See Note 7 “Stockholders' Equity” for additional information.

Use of Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect reported and contingent amounts of assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements and reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

The carrying amounts of cash and cash equivalents, receivables and payables approximated fair value because of the relatively short maturity of these instruments. Cash equivalents include only those investments having a maturity date of three months or less at the time of purchase. See Note 14 “Derivative Financial Instruments” for the fair value of derivative financial instruments.

2. Revenue

The Company’s primary source of revenue is the sale of energy products and an extensive selection of products for industrial applications based upon purchase orders or contracts with customers. The majority of revenue is recognized at a point in time once the Company has determined that the customer has obtained control over the product. Control is typically deemed to have been transferred to the customer when the product is shipped, delivered or picked up by the customer. The Company does not grant extended payment terms. Revenue is recognized net of any taxes collected from customers, which are subsequently remitted to proper government authorities. Shipping and handling costs for product shipments occur prior to the customer obtaining control of the goods and are recorded in cost of products.

The amount of revenue recognized reflects the consideration to which the Company expects to be entitled to receive in exchange for products sold. Revenue is recorded at the transaction price net of estimates of variable consideration, which may include product returns, trade discounts and allowances. The Company accrues for variable consideration using the expected value method. Estimates

8

of variable consideration are included in revenue to the extent that it is probable that a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur.

See Note 9 “Business Segments” for disaggregation of revenue by reporting segments. The Company believes this disaggregation best depicts how the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

Remaining Performance Obligations

Remaining performance obligations represent the transaction price of firm orders for which work has not been performed on contracts with an original expected duration of more than one year. The Company’s contracts are predominantly short-term in nature with a contract term of one year or less. For those contracts, the Company has utilized the practical expedient in Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 606 exempting the Company from disclosure of the transaction price allocated to remaining performance obligations when the performance obligation is part of a contract that has an original expected duration of one year or less.

Receivables

Receivables are recorded when the Company has an unconditional right to consideration. Receivables are recorded and carried at the original invoiced amount less the allowance for doubtful accounts (“AFDA”). The estimated AFDA reflects the Company’s immediate recognition of current expected credit losses by incorporating the historical loss experience, as well as current and future market conditions that are reasonably available. Judgments in the estimate of AFDA include global economic and business conditions, oil and gas industry and market conditions, customer’s financial conditions and accounts receivable past due. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, AFDA totaled $26 million and $25 million, respectively.

Contract Assets and Liabilities

Contract assets primarily consist of retainage amounts held as a form of security by customers until the Company satisfies its remaining performance obligations. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, contract assets were less than $1 million for both periods and were included in receivables, net in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company generally accounts for the incremental costs of obtaining a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that the entity otherwise would have recognized is one year or less; however, these expenses are not material.

Contract liabilities primarily consist of deferred revenues recorded when customer payments are received or due in advance of satisfying performance obligations, including amounts which are refundable, and other accrued customer liabilities. Revenue recognition is deferred to a future period until the Company completes its obligations contractually agreed with customers. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, contract liabilities were $34 million and $33 million, respectively, and were included in accrued liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the increase in contract liabilities was primarily related to net customer deposits of approximately $15 million, partially offset by recognizing revenue of approximately $14 million that was deferred as of December 31, 2022.

3. Inventory, net

Inventories consist primarily of oilfield and industrial finished goods and work in process. Work in process primarily consists of inventory and labor related to customer specific engineered equipment. Finished goods are stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value and using average cost methods. Allowances for excess and obsolete inventories are determined based on the Company’s historical usage of inventory on hand as well as its future expectations.

Inventories consist primarily of (in millions):

|  | March 31, 2023 |  |  | December 31, 2022 |
Work in process |  | $ | 39 |  |  | $ | 29 |
Finished goods and other |  |  | 387 |  |  |  | 372 |
Total inventory |  |  | 426 |  |  |  | 401 |
Less: Inventory reserves |  |  | (20 | ) |  |  | (20 | )
Inventories, net |  | $ | 406 |  |  | $ | 381 |

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4. Property, Plant and Equipment, net

Property, plant and equipment consist of (in millions):

|  | Estimated Useful Lives |  | March 31, 2023 |  |  | December 31, 2022 |
Information technology assets |  | 1-7 Years |  | $ | 48 |  |  | $ | 47 |
Operating equipment (1) |  | 2-15 Years |  |  | 145 |  |  |  | 141 |
Buildings and land (2) |  | 5-35 Years |  |  | 94 |  |  |  | 94 |
Construction in progress |  |  |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | 4 |
Total property, plant and equipment |  |  |  |  | 291 |  |  |  | 286 |
Less: accumulated depreciation |  |  |  |  | (170 | ) |  |  | (167 | )
Property, plant and equipment, net |  |  |  | $ | 121 |  |  | $ | 119 |

(1)
Includes finance lease right-of-use assets.
(2)
Land has an indefinite life.

5. Accrued Liabilities

Accrued liabilities consist of (in millions):

|  | March 31, 2023 |  |  | December 31, 2022 |
Compensation and other related expenses |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | 36 |
Contract liabilities |  |  | 34 |  |  |  | 33 |
Taxes (non-income) |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 13 |
Current portion of operating lease liabilities |  |  | 12 |  |  |  | 13 |
Other |  |  | 32 |  |  |  | 31 |
Total |  | $ | 118 |  |  | $ | 126 |

6. Debt

On December 29, 2022, the Company entered into a second amendment to its existing senior secured revolving credit facility with a syndicate of lenders with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, serving as the administrative agent (as amended, the “Credit Facility”). The second amendment amends certain terms, provisions and covenants of the Credit Facility, including, among other things: (i) replaces London Interbank Offered Rate ("LIBOR") with Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") as the interest rate benchmark with the existing applicable margin plus a credit spread adjustment of 0.10% per annum; (ii) modifies certain reporting obligations with respect to the Company’s share repurchase program; and (iii) increases the sublimit for U.S. letters of credit to $20 million.

The Credit Facility provides for a $500 million global revolving credit facility, of which up to $50 million is available for the Company’s Canadian subsidiaries. The Company has the right, subject to certain conditions, to increase the aggregate principal amount of commitments under the credit facility by $250 million. The Credit Facility also provides a letter of credit sub-facility of $25 million. The obligations under the Credit Facility are secured by substantially all the assets of the Company and its subsidiaries. The Credit Facility matures on December 14, 2026 and contains customary covenants, representations and warranties and events of default. The Company will be required to maintain a fixed charge coverage ratio (as defined in the Credit Facility) of at least 1.00:1.00 as of the end of each fiscal quarter if excess availability under the Credit Facility falls below the greater of 10% of the borrowing base or $40 million.

Borrowings under the Credit Facility will bear an interest rate at the Company’s option, (i) for borrowings denominated in U.S. dollars, at (a) the base rate plus the applicable margin or (b) adjusted term SOFR for the applicable interest period, plus the applicable margin and (ii) for borrowings denominated in Canadian dollars, the Canadian Dollar Offered Rate plus the applicable margin. In each case, with such applicable margin being based on the Company’s fixed charge coverage ratio. The Credit Facility includes a commitment fee on the unused portion of commitments that ranges from 25 to 37.5 basis points. Commitment fees incurred during the period were included in other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations.

Availability under the Credit Facility is determined by a borrowing base comprised of eligible receivables, eligible inventory and certain pledged deposits in the U.S. and Canada. As of March 31, 2023, the Company had no borrowings against the Credit Facility and approximately $461 million in availability (as defined in the Credit Facility) resulting in the excess availability (as defined in the Credit Facility) of 99%, subject to certain limitations. The Company is not obligated to pay back borrowings against the current Credit Facility until the maturity date of the Credit Facility.

The Company issued $6 million in letters of credit under the Credit Facility primarily for casualty insurance expiring in June 2024.

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7. Stockholders’ Equity

Share Repurchase Program

On August 3, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program, under which the Company is authorized to purchase up to $80 million of its outstanding common stock through December 31, 2024. Under this program, the Company may from time to time repurchase common stock in open market transactions or enter into Rule 10b5-1 trading plans to facilitate the repurchase of its common stock pursuant to its share repurchase program. The amount and timing of any repurchases will depend on several factors, including share price, general business and market conditions, and alternative capital allocation opportunities. All shares repurchased shall be retired pursuant to the terms of the share repurchase program. Depending on the timing of the retirement and cash settlement of the repurchased shares, the Company could have shares held in treasury stock until settled. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, total shares repurchased included 244,604 shares, or $3 million, held in treasury stock and subsequently retired in April 2023.

Information regarding the shares repurchased was as follows:

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Total cost of shares repurchased (in millions) |  | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | — |
Average price per share |  | $ | 10.91 |  |  | $ | — |
Number of shares repurchased |  |  | 3,261,691 |  |  |  | — |

Consolidated Variable Interest Entities ("VIE")

The Company holds a 49% interest in one VIE located in the Middle East. The Company is the primary beneficiary and consolidates the VIE as it has the power to direct the activities that most significantly affect the VIE’s economic performance and has the obligation to absorb the VIE’s losses or the right to receive benefits. The initial investment was completed in 2017 with the noncontrolling interest ("NCI") of approximately $1 million which was previously included in additional paid-in capital in the consolidated balance sheets as it was not material, and has been reclassified to NCI to conform to the current period financial statement presentation. For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, net income attributable to NCI was approximately $1 million and less than $1 million, respectively.

The assets of the VIE can only be used to settle its own obligations and its creditors have no recourse to the Company’s assets. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the VIE’s assets were primarily current assets of $24 million and $11 million, respectively, and the liabilities were primarily current liabilities of $8 million and $3 million, respectively.

8. Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) ("AOCI")

The components of AOCI are as follows (in millions):

|  | Foreign Currency Translation Adjustments |
|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Beginning balance |  | $ | (150 | ) |  | $ | (147 | )
Net current-period other comprehensive income |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | 2 |
Ending balance |  | $ | (149 | ) |  | $ | (145 | )

The Company’s reporting currency is the U.S. dollar. A majority of the Company’s international entities in which there is a substantial investment have the local currency as their functional currency. As a result, foreign currency translation adjustments resulting from the process of translating the entities’ financial statements into the reporting currency are reported in other comprehensive income or loss in accordance with ASC Topic 830, “Foreign Currency Matters.”

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9. Business Segments

Operating results by reportable segment are as follows (in millions):

| Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Revenue: |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 427 |  |  | $ | 334 |
Canada |  | 83 |  |  |  | 82 |
International |  | 74 |  |  |  | 57 |
Total revenue | $ | 584 |  |  | $ | 473 |
Operating profit: |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 23 |  |  | $ | 14 |
Canada |  | 8 |  |  |  | 7 |
International |  | 4 |  |  |  | 2 |
Total operating profit | $ | 35 |  |  | $ | 23 |

10. Income Taxes

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023, was 8.6% compared to 9.1% for the corresponding period of 2022. In general, the effective tax rate differs from the U.S. statutory rate due to recurring items, such as differing tax rates on income earned in foreign jurisdictions, nondeductible expenses, state income taxes and the change in valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the effective tax rate was primarily driven by the recognition of tax expense from earnings in Canada offset by current year realization of deferred tax assets and corresponding release of valuation allowance in the U.S. The Company believes that the continued volatility of commodity prices as well as recent macroeconomic developments are likely to cause variations in its estimated ordinary income for the remainder of 2023. These deviations may result in significant increases or decreases in the Company’s forecasted annual effective tax rate. Consequently, the Company is continuing to rely on the discrete-period method for calculating its interim period tax provision for the three months ended March 31, 2023. The Company will evaluate its use of this method each quarter until such time as a return to the annualized estimated effective tax rate method is deemed appropriate.

The Company is subject to taxation in the U.S., various states and foreign jurisdictions. The Company has significant operations in the U.S. and Canada and to a lesser extent in various other international jurisdictions. Tax years that remain subject to examination vary by legal entity but are generally open in the U.S. for the tax years ending after 2018 and outside the U.S. for the tax years ending after 2016.

11. Earnings Per Share

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, approximately 1 million and 4 million of potentially dilutive shares were excluded from the computation of diluted earnings per share due to their antidilutive effect.

Basic and diluted earnings per share are as follows (in millions, except share data):

| Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |
Net income attributable to NOW Inc. | $ | 31 |  |  | $ | 30 |
Less: net income attributable to participating securities |  | — |  |  |  | — |
Net income attributable to NOW Inc. stockholders | $ | 31 |  |  | $ | 30 |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average basic common shares outstanding |  | 110,006,858 |  |  |  | 110,602,943 |
Effect of dilutive securities |  | 1,209,998 |  |  |  | 219,574 |
Weighted average diluted common shares outstanding |  | 111,216,856 |  |  |  | 110,822,517 |
Earnings per share attributable to NOW Inc. stockholders: |  |  |  |  |
Basic | $ | 0.28 |  |  | $ | 0.27 |
Diluted | $ | 0.28 |  |  | $ | 0.27 |

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Under ASC Topic 260, “Earnings Per Share”, the two-class method requires a portion of net income attributable to NOW Inc. to be allocated to participating securities, which are unvested awards of share-based payments with non-forfeitable rights to receive dividends or dividend equivalents, if declared. For the periods that the Company recognized net income, net income allocated to these participating securities was excluded from net income attributable to NOW Inc. stockholders in the numerator of the earnings per share computation.

12. Stock-based Compensation and Outstanding Awards

The Company has a stock-based compensation plan known as the NOW Inc. Long-Term Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). Under the Plan, the Company’s employees are eligible to be granted stock options, restricted stock awards (“RSAs”), restricted stock units and phantom shares (“RSUs”), and performance stock awards (“PSAs”).

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company granted 642,269 shares of RSAs and RSUs with a weighted average fair value of $13.00 per share and PSAs to senior management employees with potential payouts varying from zero to 534,618 shares. The RSAs and RSUs vest on the third anniversary of the date of grant. The PSAs can be earned based on performance against established metrics over a three-year performance period set by the Company’s Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors. The PSAs are divided into three independent parts that are subject to separate performance metrics: (i) one-half of the PSAs have a Total Shareholder Return (“TSR”) metric, (ii) one-quarter of the PSAs have an EBITDA metric, and (iii) one-quarter of the PSAs have a Return on Capital Employed (“ROCE”) metric.

Performance against the TSR metric is determined by comparing the performance of the Company’s TSR with the TSR performance of designated peer companies for the three-year performance period. Performance against the EBITDA metric is determined by comparing the performance of the Company’s actual EBITDA average for each of the three-years of the performance period against the EBITDA metrics set. Performance against the ROCE metric is determined by comparing the performance of the Company’s actual ROCE average for each of the three-years of the performance period against the ROCE metrics set.

Stock-based compensation expense for the three months ended March 31, 2023, totaled $3 million compared to $2 million for the corresponding period of 2022.

13. Commitments and Contingencies

The Company is involved in various claims, regulatory agency audits and pending or threatened legal actions involving a variety of matters with entities such as suppliers, customers, parties to acquisitions and divestitures, government authorities and other external parties. The Company regularly reviews and records the estimated probable liability in an amount believed to be sufficient and continues to periodically reexamine the estimates of probable liabilities and any associated expenses to make appropriate adjustments to such estimates as necessary. These estimated liabilities are based on the Company’s assessment of the nature of these matters, their progress toward resolution, the advice of legal counsel and outside experts as well as management’s intention and past experience regarding the valuation of these claims. The Company has also assessed the potential for additional losses above the amounts accrued as well as potential losses for matters that are not probable but are reasonably possible. The total potential loss on these matters cannot be determined. While the Company has established estimates it believes to be reasonable under the facts known, the outcomes of litigation and similar disputes are often difficult to reliably predict and may result in decisions or settlements that are contrary to, or in excess of, the Company's expectations.

The Company’s business is affected both directly and indirectly by governmental laws and regulations relating to the oilfield service industry in general, as well as by environmental and safety regulations that specifically apply to the Company’s business. Although the Company has not incurred material costs in connection with its compliance with such laws, there can be no assurance that other developments, such as new environmental laws, regulations and enforcement policies hereunder may not result in additional, presently unquantifiable costs or liabilities to the Company. The Company does not accrue for contingent losses that, in its judgment, are considered to be reasonably possible, but not probable. Estimating reasonably possible losses also requires the analysis of multiple possible outcomes that often depend on judgments about potential actions by third parties.

The Company maintains credit arrangements with several banks providing for standby letters of credit, including bid and performance bonds, and other bonding requirements. As of March 31, 2023, the Company was contingently liable for approximately $15 million of outstanding standby letters of credit and surety bonds. The Company does not believe, based on historical experience and information currently available, that it is probable that any amounts will be required to be paid on those letters of credit and surety bonds.

In connection with an acquisition in 2021, the Company is currently in disagreement with the sellers on certain aspects of the agreement. The Company does not believe at this time that resolution of the matter will have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements, but the final outcome has not been determined.

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14. Derivative Financial Instruments

The Company is exposed to certain risks relating to its ongoing business operations. The Company has entered into certain financial derivative instruments to manage this risk.

The derivative financial instruments the Company has entered into are forward exchange contracts which have terms of less than one year to economically hedge foreign currency exchange rate risk on recognized nonfunctional currency monetary accounts. The purpose of the Company’s foreign currency hedging activities is to economically hedge the Company’s risk from changes in the fair value of nonfunctional currency denominated monetary accounts.

The Company records all derivative financial instruments at their fair value in its consolidated balance sheets. None of the derivative financial instruments that the Company holds are designated as either a fair value hedge or cash flow hedge and the gain or loss on the derivative instrument is recorded in earnings. The Company has determined that the fair value of its derivative financial instruments are computed using level 2 inputs (inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities that are observable either directly or indirectly for substantially the full term of the asset or liability) in the fair value hierarchy as the fair value is based on publicly available foreign exchange rates at each financial reporting date. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the fair value of the Company’s foreign currency forward contracts totaled an asset of less than $1 million and a liability of less than $1 million in both periods. The Company's foreign currency forward contract assets were included in prepaid and other current assets in the consolidated balance sheets and the Company's foreign contract liabilities were included in other current liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the Company recorded a loss of less than $1 million in both periods, related to changes in fair value. All gains and losses were included in other income (expense) in the consolidated statements of operations. As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the notional principal associated with those contracts was $14 million and $7 million, respectively.

As of March 31, 2023, the Company’s financial instruments do not contain any credit-risk-related or other contingent features that could cause accelerated payments when the Company’s financial instruments are in net liability positions. The Company does not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes.

15. Acquisitio ns

In December 2022, the Company completed two acquisitions for which the aggregate purchase price consideration was allocated to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed based on a preliminary estimate of their acquisition date fair values. Due to the level of effort required to develop fair value measurements, the valuation information necessary to determine the fair values of properties, plant and equipment, inventory and identifiable intangible assets, including the underlying cash flows was preliminary at December 31, 2022. As of March 31, 2023, the Company completed its preliminary valuations of the acquired assets and liabilities assumed and recognized approximately $3 million in adjustments primarily relating to the fair values of acquired intangibles. If additional information is obtained about these assets and liabilities within the measurement period (not to exceed one year from the date of acquisition), the Company will refine its estimate of fair value to allocate the purchase price more accurately; any such revisions are not expected to be significant.

16. Subsequent events

On May 1, 2023, the Company completed two acquisitions for an aggregate purchase price of approximately $33 million in cash, subject to customary working capital adjustments. Both acquisitions expand product line offerings and services to the Company’s U.S. process solution business.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Forward-Looking Statements

Some of the information in this document contains, or has incorporated by reference, forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Statements that are not historical facts, including statements about our beliefs and expectations, are forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements typically are identified by use of terms such as “may,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “expect,” “plan,” “predict,” “estimate,” “will be” or other similar words and phrases, although some forward-looking statements are expressed differently. You should be aware that our actual results could differ materially from results anticipated in the forward-looking statements due to a number of factors, including, but not limited to, changes in oil and gas prices, changes in the energy markets, customer demand for our products, significant changes in the size of our customers, difficulties encountered in integrating mergers and acquisitions, general volatility in the capital markets, ability to complete the share repurchase program, disruptions caused by COVID-19, changes in applicable government regulations, increased borrowing costs, geopolitical conditions (including the Ukraine conflict and its regional and global impact) or any litigation arising out of or related thereto, impairments in long-lived assets and worldwide economic activity. You should also consider carefully the statements under “Risk Factors,” as disclosed in our Form 10-K, which address additional factors that could cause our actual results to differ from those set forth in the forward-looking statements. Given these uncertainties, current or prospective investors are cautioned not to place undue reliance on any such forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update any such factors or forward-looking statements to reflect future events or developments.

Company Overview

We are a global distributor to the oil and gas and industrial markets with a legacy of over 160 years. We operate primarily under the DistributionNOW and DNOW brands. Through a network of approximately 170 locations and approximately 2,425 employees worldwide, we offer a complementary suite of digital procurement channels that, in conjunction with our locations, provides products to the energy and industrial markets around the world.

Additionally, through our growing DigitalNOW® platform, customers can leverage world-class technology across ecommerce, data management and supply chain optimization applications to solve a wide array of complex operational and product sourcing challenges to assist in maximizing their return on assets.

Our energy product offering is consumed throughout all sectors of the energy industry – from upstream drilling and completion, exploration and production (“E&P”), midstream infrastructure development to downstream petroleum refining and petrochemicals – as well as in other industries, such as chemical processing, mining, utilities and the evolving energy transition markets inclusive of greenhouse gas emissions capture, reduction and storage, renewable natural gas ("RNG"), wind, solar, and production of hydrogen as a fuel to power equipment. The industrial distribution end markets include engineering and construction firms that perform capital and maintenance projects for their end user clients. We also provide supply chain and materials management solutions to the same markets where we sell products.

Our global product offering includes consumable maintenance, repair and operating (“MRO”) supplies, pipe, manual and automated valves, fittings, flanges, gaskets, fasteners, electrical, instrumentation, artificial lift, pumping solutions, and modular process, production, measurement and control equipment. We also offer procurement, warehouse and inventory management solutions as part of our supply chain and materials management offering. We have developed expertise in providing application systems, work processes, parts integration, optimization solutions and after-sales support.

Our solutions include outsourcing portions or entire functions of our customers’ procurement, warehouse and inventory management, logistics, point of issue technology, project management, business process and performance metrics reporting. These solutions allow us to leverage the infrastructure of our SAP™ Enterprise Resource Planning (“ERP”) system and other technologies to streamline our customers’ purchasing process, from requisition to procurement to payment, by digitally managing workflow, improving approval routing and providing robust reporting functionality.

We support land and offshore operations for the major oil and gas producing regions around the world through our network of locations. Our key markets, beyond North America, include South America, Europe, the Middle East, Asia Pacific, Central Asia and West and North Africa. Products sold through our locations support greenfield expansion upstream capital projects, midstream infrastructure and transmission and MRO consumables used in day-to-day production. We provide downstream energy and industrial products for petroleum refining, chemical processing, liquefied natural gas (“LNG”) terminals, power generation utilities and customer on-site locations.

Our supplier network consists of thousands of vendors in approximately 40 countries. From our operations in approximately 20 countries we sell to customers operating in approximately 80 countries. The supplies and equipment stocked by each of our branches are customized to meet varied and changing local customer demands. The breadth and scale of our offering enhances our value proposition to our customers, suppliers and shareholders.

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We employ advanced information technologies, including a common ERP platform across most of our business, to provide complete procurement, warehouse and inventory management and logistics coordination to our customers around the globe. Having a common ERP platform allows immediate visibility into our inventory assets, operations and financials worldwide, enhancing decision making and efficiency.

Demand for our products is driven primarily by the level of oil and gas drilling, completions, servicing, production, transmission, refining and petrochemical activities. It is also influenced by the global supply and demand for energy, the economy in general and geopolitics. Several factors drive spending, such as investment in energy infrastructure, the North American conventional and shale plays, Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (“OPEC”) and non-OPEC supply and investments, market expectations of future developments in the oil, natural gas, liquids, refined products, petrochemical, plant maintenance and other industrial, manufacturing and energy sectors.

We have expanded globally, through acquisitions and organic investments, in Australia, Azerbaijan, Brazil, Canada, Colombia, Egypt, England, India, Indonesia, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Netherlands, Norway, Oman, Scotland, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates (“UAE”) and the United States (“U.S.”).

Summary of Reportable Segments

We operate through three reportable segments: U.S., Canada and International. The segment data included in our Management’s Discussion and Analysis are presented on a basis consistent with our internal management reporting. Segment information appearing in Note 9 “Business Segments” of the notes to the unaudited consolidated financial statements (Part I, Item 1 of this Form 10-Q) is also presented on this basis.

United States

We have approximately 110 locations in the U.S., which are geographically positioned to best serve the upstream, midstream and downstream energy and industrial markets.

We offer higher value solutions in key product lines in the U.S. which broaden and deepen our customer relationships and related product line value. Examples of these include artificial lift, pumps, valves and valve actuation, process and production equipment, fluid transfer products, measurement and controls, spoolable and coated steel-pipe and composite pipe, along with many other products required by our customers, which enable them to focus on their core business while we manage varying degrees of their supply chain. We also provide additional value to our customers through the engineering, design, construction, assembly, fabrication and optimization of products and equipment essential to the safe and efficient production, transportation and processing of oil and gas.

Canada

We have a network of approximately 40 locations in the Canadian oilfield, predominantly in the oil rich provinces of Alberta, Saskatchewan, Manitoba and other targeted locations across the country. Our Canada segment primarily serves energy exploration, production, mining and drilling business, offering customers many of the same products and value-added solutions that we perform in the U.S. In Canada, we also provide training for, and supervise the installation of, jointed and spoolable composite pipe. This product line is supported by inventory, as well as product and installation expertise to serve our customers.

International

We operate in approximately 15 countries and serve the needs of our international customers from approximately 20 locations outside the U.S. and Canada, which are strategically located in major oil and gas development areas. Our approach in these markets is similar to our approach in North America, as our customers turn to us to provide products and supply chain solutions support closer to their drilling and exploration activities. Our long legacy of operating in many international regions, combined with significant expansion into several key markets, provides a competitive advantage as few of our competitors have a presence in most of the global energy producing regions.

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Basis of Presentation

The unaudited consolidated financial information included in this report has been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”) for interim financial information and Article 10 of SEC Regulation S-X. All significant intercompany transactions and accounts have been eliminated. Variable interest entities for which the Company is the primary beneficiary are fully consolidated with the equity held by the outside stockholders and their portion of net income (loss) reflected as noncontrolling interest in the accompanying consolidated financial statements. The principles for interim financial information do not require the inclusion of all the information and footnotes required by generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements. Therefore, these financial statements should be read in conjunction with the financial statements included in the Company’s most recent Annual Report on Form 10-K. In the opinion of our management, the consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, all of which are of a normal recurring nature, necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. The results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2023, are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year.

Operating Environment Overview

Our results are dependent on, among other factors, the level of worldwide oil and gas drilling and completions, well remediation activity, crude oil and natural gas prices, capital spending by oilfield service companies and drilling contractors, and the worldwide oil and gas inventory levels. Key industry indicators for the first quarter of 2023 and 2022 and the fourth quarter of 2022 include the following:

|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | % |  |  |  |  |  | % |
|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1Q23 v |  |  |  |  |  | 1Q23 v |
|  | 1Q23* |  |  | 1Q22* |  |  | 1Q22 |  |  | 4Q22* |  |  | 4Q22 |
Active Drilling Rigs: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. |  |  | 761 |  |  |  | 633 |  |  |  | 20.2 | % |  |  | 775 |  |  |  | (1.8 | %)
Canada |  |  | 223 |  |  |  | 198 |  |  |  | 12.6 | % |  |  | 190 |  |  |  | 17.4 | %
International |  |  | 915 |  |  |  | 823 |  |  |  | 11.2 | % |  |  | 907 |  |  |  | 0.9 | %
Worldwide |  |  | 1,899 |  |  |  | 1,654 |  |  |  | 14.8 | % |  |  | 1,872 |  |  |  | 1.4 | %
West Texas Intermediate Crude Prices (per barrel) |  | $ | 76.08 |  |  | $ | 94.45 |  |  |  | (19.4 | %) |  | $ | 82.79 |  |  |  | (8.1 | %)
Natural Gas Prices ($/MMBtu) |  | $ | 2.65 |  |  | $ | 4.66 |  |  |  | (43.1 | %) |  | $ | 5.55 |  |  |  | (52.3 | %)
Hot-Rolled Coil Prices (steel) ($/short ton) |  | $ | 828.17 |  |  | $ | 1,383.09 |  |  |  | (40.1 | %) |  | $ | 717.70 |  |  |  | 15.4 | %

* Averages for the quarters indicated. See sources on following page.

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The following table details the U.S., Canadian and international rig activity and West Texas Intermediate oil prices for the past nine quarters ended March 31, 2023:

Sources: Rig count: Baker Hughes, Inc. (www.bakerhughes.com); West Texas Intermediate Crude and Natural Gas Prices: Department of Energy, Energy Information Administration (www.eia.doe.gov); Hot-Rolled Coil Prices: SteelBenchmarker™ Hot Roll Coil USA (www.steelbenchmarker.com)

The worldwide quarterly average rig count increased 1.4% (from 1,872 rigs to 1,899 rigs) and the U.S. declined 1.8% (from 775 rigs to 761 rigs) in the first quarter of 2023 compared to the fourth quarter of 2022. The average price per barrel of West Texas Intermediate Crude declined 8.1% (from $82.79 per barrel to $76.08 per barrel), and natural gas prices declined 52.3% (from $5.55 per MMBtu to $2.65 per MMBtu) in the first quarter of 2023 compared to the fourth quarter of 2022. The average price per short ton of Hot-Rolled Coil increased 15.4% (from $717.70 per short ton to $828.17 per short ton) in the first quarter of 2023 compared to the fourth quarter of 2022.

U.S. rig count at April 14, 2023 was 748 rigs, down 13 rigs from the first quarter 2023 average. The price for West Texas Intermediate Crude was $82.58 per barrel at April 14, 2023, up 8.5% from the first quarter 2023 average. The price for natural gas was $1.87 per MMBtu at April 14, 2023, down 29.4% from the first quarter 2023 average. The price for Hot-Rolled Coil was $1,143.00 per short ton at April 10, 2023, up 38.0% from the first quarter 2023 average.

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Executive Summary

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company generated net income attributable to NOW Inc. of $31 million on $584 million in revenue. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, revenue increased $111 million or 23.5% and net income increased $1 million when compared to the corresponding period of 2022.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company generated an operating profit of $35 million compared to an operating profit of $23 million for the corresponding period of 2022.

Outlook

Our outlook for the Company remains tied to crude oil and natural gas commodity prices, global oil and gas drilling and completions activity, oil and gas spending, and global demand for oil, its refined petroleum products, crude oil, natural gas liquids and natural gas production and decline rates. Crude oil and natural gas prices as well as crude oil and natural gas storage levels are primary catalysts for determining customer activity and we expect oil and gas demand to grow over the next several years. In recent years, oil prices have remained volatile due to various factors such as the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, oil supply constraints, geopolitical instability, U.S. regional bank instability and concerns of a global recession. Amid these dynamics, we will continue to support our customers, optimize our operations, advance our strategic goals and manage the Company based on market conditions.

We see the rise in energy evolution investments as an opportunity for us to supply many of the current products and services we provide, as well as an opportunity to partner and source from new suppliers to expand our offering, to meet our customers’ needs for their energy evolution investments. A number of our larger customers are leading the investments in energy evolution projects where we expect to continue to support them while expanding our product and solution offerings to meet their changing requirements. We are also targeting new customers that are not traditional oil and gas customers, but are those that will play a part in the future as our customers discover and invest in new sources of energy.

Results of Operations

The results of operations are presented before consideration of the noncontrolling interest. Operating results by reportable segment are as follows (in millions):

| Three Months Ended March 31, |
| 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Revenue: |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 427 |  |  | $ | 334 |
Canada |  | 83 |  |  |  | 82 |
International |  | 74 |  |  |  | 57 |
Total revenue | $ | 584 |  |  | $ | 473 |
Operating profit: |  |  |  |  |
United States | $ | 23 |  |  | $ | 14 |
Canada |  | 8 |  |  |  | 7 |
International |  | 4 |  |  |  | 2 |
Total operating profit | $ | 35 |  |  | $ | 23 |

United States

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, revenue was $427 million, an increase of $93 million or 27.8% when compared to the corresponding period of 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the increase was primarily driven by the strengthening in U.S. drilling and completions activity.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the U.S. generated an operating profit of $23 million, an increase of $9 million, when compared to the corresponding period of 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, operating profit increased primarily due to the increase in revenue discussed above, coupled with improved gross margins, partially offset by higher employee related expenses supporting the revenue growth.

Canada

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, revenue was $83 million, an increase of $1 million or 1.2% when compared to the corresponding period of 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the increase was primarily driven by the increase in Canadian rig count, partially offset by unfavorable foreign exchange rate impacts.

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For the three months ended March 31, 2023, Canada generated an operating profit of $8 million, an increase of $1 million, when compared to the corresponding period of 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, operating profit increased primarily due to the increase in revenue discussed above, coupled with improved gross margins.

International

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, revenue was $74 million, an increase of $17 million or 29.8% when compared to the corresponding period of 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the change was primarily driven by stronger project activity and the increase in international rig count, partially offset by unfavorable foreign exchange rate impacts.

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the International segment generated an operating profit of $4 million, an increase of $2 million when compared to the corresponding period of 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, operating profit increased primarily due to the increase in revenue discussed above.

Cost of products

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, cost of products was $447 million compared to $366 million for the corresponding period of 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the increases were primarily due to the increases in revenue in the periods. Cost of products includes the cost of inventory sold and items, such as vendor consideration, inventory allowances, amortization of intangibles and inbound and outbound freight.

Warehousing, selling and administrative expenses

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, warehousing, selling and administrative expenses were $102 million compared to $84 million for the corresponding period of 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the increase was primarily driven by an increase in employee related expenses supporting the revenue growth. Warehousing, selling and administrative expenses include branch location, distribution center and regional expenses (including costs such as compensation, benefits and rent) as well as corporate general selling and administrative expenses.

Other income (expense)

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the Company recorded expense of nil compared to income of $10 million for the corresponding period of 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, other income was primarily attributable to a benefit related to the decrease of contingent consideration liability associated with a prior year acquisition.

Income tax provision

The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2023, was 8.6% compared to 9.1% for the corresponding period of 2022. In general, the effective tax rate differs from the U.S. statutory rate due to recurring items, such as differing tax rates on income earned in foreign jurisdictions, nondeductible expenses, state income taxes and the change in valuation allowance recorded against deferred tax assets. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the effective tax rate was primarily driven by the recognition of tax expense from earnings in Canada offset by current year realization of deferred tax assets and corresponding release of valuation allowance in the U.S.

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Non-GAAP Financial Measure and Reconciliation

In an effort to provide investors with additional information regarding our results of operations as determined by GAAP, we disclose non-GAAP financial measures. The primary non-GAAP financial measure we disclose is earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization, excluding other costs (“EBITDA excluding other costs”). This financial measure excludes the impact of certain amounts and is not calculated in accordance with GAAP. A reconciliation of this non-GAAP financial measure, to its most comparable GAAP financial measure, is included below.

We use EBITDA excluding other costs internally to evaluate and manage the Company’s operations because we believe it provides useful supplemental information regarding the Company’s ongoing economic performance. We have chosen to provide this information to investors to enable them to perform more meaningful comparisons of operating results.

The following table sets forth the reconciliations of EBITDA excluding other costs to the most comparable GAAP financial measures (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
GAAP net income attributable to NOW Inc. (1) |  | $ | 31 |  |  | $ | 30 |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interest |  |  | 1 |  |  |  | — |
Interest expense (income), net |  |  | (1 | ) |  |  | — |
Income tax provision |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 3 |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 4 |
Other costs: |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock-based compensation |  |  | 3 |  |  |  | 2 |
Other (2) |  |  | 4 |  |  |  | (11 | )
EBITDA excluding other costs |  | $ | 47 |  |  | $ | 28 |
EBITDA % excluding other costs (3) |  |  | 8.0 | % |  |  | 5.9 | %

(1)
We believe that net income (loss) attributable to NOW Inc. is the financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP that is most directly comparable to EBITDA excluding other costs. EBITDA excluding other costs measures the Company’s operating performance without regard to certain expenses. EBITDA excluding other costs is not a presentation made in accordance with GAAP and the Company’s computation of EBITDA excluding other costs may vary from others in the industry. EBITDA excluding other costs has important limitations as an analytical tool and should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for analysis of the Company’s results as reported under GAAP.
(2)
For the three months ended March 31, 2023, Other of approximately $4 million, included in warehousing, selling and administrative, was related to legal fees for litigation matters that were not ordinary or routine to the operations of the business where the Company is seeking damages. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, Other primarily included a benefit of approximately $13 million related to the decrease of contingent consideration liability, which was included in other income, partially offset by separation and transaction-related charges.
(3)
EBITDA % excluding other costs is defined as EBITDA excluding other costs divided by Revenue.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

We assess liquidity in terms of our ability to generate cash to fund operating, investing and financing activities. We expect resources to be available to reinvest in existing businesses, strategic acquisitions and capital expenditures to meet short and long-term objectives. We believe that cash on hand, cash generated from expected results of operations and amounts available under our revolving credit facility will be sufficient to fund operations, anticipated working capital needs and other cash requirements, including capital expenditures and our share repurchase program.

As of March 31, 2023 and December 31, 2022, we had cash and cash equivalents of $168 million and $212 million, respectively. As of March 31, 2023, $95 million of our cash and cash equivalents were maintained in the accounts of our various foreign subsidiaries. The Company makes a determination each period concerning its intent and ability to indefinitely reinvest the cash held by its foreign subsidiaries. The Company has not recorded deferred income taxes on undistributed foreign earnings that it considers to be indefinitely reinvested. Future changes to our indefinite reinvestment assertion could result in additional taxes (withholding and/or state taxes), offset by any available foreign tax credits.

We maintain a $500 million five-year senior secured revolving credit facility that will mature on December 14, 2026. Availability under the revolving credit facility is determined by a borrowing base comprised of eligible receivables, eligible inventory and certain pledged deposits in the U.S. and Canada. As of March 31, 2023, we had no borrowings against our revolving credit facility, and had approximately $461 million in availability (as defined in the Credit Agreement) resulting in the excess availability (as defined in the Credit Agreement) of 99%, subject to certain restrictions. Availability excluding certain cash deposits was approximately $387 million. Borrowings that result in the excess availability dropping below the greater of 10% of the borrowing base or $40 million are conditioned upon compliance with or waiver of a minimum fixed charge ratio (as defined in the Credit Agreement). The credit facility contains usual and customary affirmative and negative covenants for credit facilities of this type including financial covenants. As of March 31, 2023, we were in compliance with all covenants. We continuously monitor compliance with debt covenants. A default, if not waived or amended, would prevent us from taking certain actions, such as incurring additional debt.

We are often party to certain transactions that require off-balance sheet arrangements such as standby letters of credit and performance
bonds and guarantees that are not reflected in our consolidated balance sheets. These arrangements are made in our normal course of
business and they are not reasonably likely to have a current or future material adverse effect on our financial condition, results of
operations, liquidity or cash flows.

The following table summarizes our net cash flows provided by (used in) operating activities, investing activities and financing activities for the periods presented (in millions):

|  | Three Months Ended March 31, |
|  | 2023 |  |  | 2022 |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities |  | $ | (6 | ) |  | $ | (22 | )
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities |  |  | (5 | ) |  |  | 2 |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities |  |  | (34 | ) |  |  | (1 | )

Operating Activities

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash used in operating activities was $6 million compared to $22 million used in operating activities in the corresponding period of 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, the decrease in net cash used in operating activities was a result of improved operating profitability, offset by a net increase in working capital both of which were a result of growing market activity. For the three months ended March 31, 2022, net cash used in operating activities included a noncash benefit of approximately $13 million related to the contingent consideration liability which did not repeat in the corresponding period of 2023.

Investing Activities

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash used in investing activities was $5 million compared to $2 million provided by investing activities in the corresponding period of 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash used in investing activities was primarily related to approximately $5 million in purchases of property, plant and equipment.

Financing Activities

For the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash used in financing activities was $34 million compared to $1 million used in financing activities in the corresponding period of 2022. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, net cash used in financing activities was primarily attributable to the Company's payment of $33 million for share repurchases.

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Other

For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, the effect of the change in exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents was an increase of $1 million in both periods.

Capital Spending

We intend to pursue additional acquisition candidates, but the timing, size or success of any acquisition effort and the related potential capital commitments cannot be predicted. We continue to expect to fund future cash acquisitions primarily with cash on hand, cash flow from operations and the usage of the available portion of the revolving credit facility. There can be no assurance that additional financing will be available at terms acceptable to us.

Share Repurchase Program

On August 3, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program, under which the Company is authorized to purchase up to $80 million of its outstanding common stock through December 31, 2024. We expect to fund share repurchases primarily with cash on hand, cash flow from operations and the usage of the available portion of the revolving credit facility. The timing and amount of any repurchases will be made at our discretion, taking into account a number of factors, including market conditions. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we repurchased 3,261,691 shares of our common stock for a total of $36 million, of which 244,604 shares, or $3 million, were held in treasury stock and subsequently settled in April 2023. As of March 31, 2023, we had approximately $37 million remaining under the program’s authorization.

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

For a discussion of the critical accounting policies and estimates that we use in the preparation of our consolidated financial statements, see “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K. In preparing the financial statements, the Company makes assumptions, estimates and judgments that affect the amounts reported. The Company periodically evaluates its estimates and judgments that are most critical in nature, which are related to allowance for doubtful accounts, inventory reserves, purchase price allocation of acquisitions, vendor consideration and income taxes. Its estimates are based on historical experience and on its future expectations that the Company believes are reasonable. The combination of these factors forms the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results are likely to differ from our current estimates and those differences may be material.

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Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitat ive Disclosures About Market Risk

We are exposed to certain market risks that are inherent in our financial instruments and arise from changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates. We may enter into derivative financial instrument transactions to manage or reduce market risk but do not enter into derivative financial instrument transactions for speculative purposes. We do not currently have any material outstanding derivative instruments. See Note 14 “Derivative Financial Instruments” to the consolidated financial statements.

A discussion of our primary market risk exposure in financial instruments is presented below.

Foreign Currency Exchange Rate Risk

We have operations in foreign countries and transact business globally in multiple currencies. Our net assets as well as our revenues and costs and expenses denominated in foreign currencies, expose us to the risk of fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar. Because we operate globally and approximately one-fourth of our net sales for the three months ended March 31, 2023, were outside the U.S., foreign currency exchange rates can impact our financial position, results of operations and competitive position. We are a net receiver of foreign currencies and, therefore, benefit from a weakening of the U.S. dollar and are adversely affected by a strengthening of the U.S. dollar relative to the foreign currency. As of March 31, 2023, our most significant foreign currency exposure was to the Canadian dollar, followed by the British pound, with less significant foreign currency exposure to the Australian dollar.

The financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are translated into their U.S. dollar equivalents at end-of-period exchange rates for assets and liabilities, while revenue, costs and expenses are translated at average monthly exchange rates. Translation gains and losses are components of other comprehensive income (loss) as reported in the consolidated statements of comprehensive income (loss). Upon closure of a foreign subsidiary, the accumulated translation gains and losses relating to the foreign subsidiary are reclassified into earnings, reflected in impairment and other charges in the consolidated statements of operations. For the three months ended March 31, 2023, we reported a net foreign currency translation gain of $1 million.

Foreign currency exchange rate fluctuations generally do not materially affect our earnings since the functional currency is typically the local currency; however, our operations also have net assets not denominated in their functional currency, which exposes us to changes in foreign currency exchange rates that impact our net income as foreign currency transaction gains and losses. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses arising from fluctuations in currency exchange rates on transactions denominated in currencies other than the functional currency are recognized in the consolidated statements of operations as a component of other income (expense). For the three months ended March 31, 2023 and 2022, we reported foreign currency transaction losses of $1 million in both periods. Gains and losses are primarily due to exchange rate fluctuations related to monetary asset balances denominated in currencies other than the functional currency and fair value adjustments to economically hedged positions as a result of changes in foreign currency exchange rates.

Some of the revenues for our foreign operations are denominated in U.S. dollars and, therefore, changes in foreign currency exchange rates impact earnings to the extent that costs associated with those U.S. dollar revenues are denominated in the local currency. Similarly, some of our revenues for our foreign operations are denominated in foreign currencies, but have associated U.S. dollar costs, which also give rise to foreign currency exchange rate exposure. In order to mitigate those risks, we may utilize foreign currency forward contracts to better match the currency of the revenues and the associated costs. Although we may utilize foreign currency forward contracts to economically hedge certain foreign currency denominated balances or transactions, we do not currently hedge the net investments in our foreign operations. The counterparties to our forward contracts are major financial institutions. The credit ratings and concentration of risk of these financial institutions are monitored by us on a continuing basis. In the event that the counterparties fail to meet the terms of a foreign currency contract, our exposure is limited to the foreign currency rate differential.

The average foreign exchange rate for the first three months of 2023 compared to the average for the corresponding period of 2022 decreased by approximately 7% compared to the U.S. dollar based on the aggregated weighted average revenue of our foreign-currency denominated foreign operations. The Canadian dollar, British pound, and Australian dollar decreased in relation to the U.S. dollar by approximately 6%, approximately 10%, and approximately 5%, respectively.

We utilized a sensitivity analysis to measure the potential impact on earnings based on a hypothetical 10% change in foreign currency rates. A 10% change from the levels experienced during the first three months of 2023 of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies that affected the Company would have resulted in $1 million change in net income for the same period.

Commodity Steel Pricing

Our business is sensitive to steel prices, which can impact our product pricing, with steel tubular prices generally having the highest degree of sensitivity. While we cannot predict steel prices, we mitigate this risk by managing our inventory levels, including maintaining sufficient quantity on hand to meet demand, while limiting the risk of overstocking.

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Item 4. Controls and Procedures

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures. The Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the information required to be disclosed by the Company in the reports it files under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the Company’s management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosures and is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time period specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Based upon that evaluation, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures are effective as of the end of the period covered by this report at a reasonable assurance level.

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

There has been no change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II – OTHER INFORMATION

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

The following table presents a summary of share repurchases made during the three months ended March 31, 2023:

Period |  | Total number of shares purchased (1) |  |  | Average price paid per share |  |  | Total number of shares purchased as part of publicly announced program (2) |  |  | Approximate dollar value of shares that may yet be purchased under the program (2) (in millions) |
January 1 - 31, 2023 |  |  | 63,546 |  |  | $ | 12.27 |  |  |  | 63,546 |  |  | $ | 72 |
February 1 - 28, 2023 |  |  | 242,662 |  |  | $ | 12.45 |  |  |  | 150,451 |  |  | $ | 70 |
March 1 - 31, 2023 |  |  | 3,047,694 |  |  | $ | 10.81 |  |  |  | 3,047,694 |  |  | $ | 37 |
Total |  |  | 3,353,902 |  |  | $ | 10.95 |  |  |  | 3,261,691 |  |  |  |

(1)
92,211 shares purchased during the three months ended on March 31, 2023 were acquired from employees in connection with the settlement of income tax and related benefit withholding obligations arising from vesting in restricted stock grants. These shares were not part of a publicly announced program to purchase common stocks.
(2)
On August 3, 2022, the Company’s Board of Directors approved a share repurchase program, under which the Company is authorized to purchase up to $80 million of its outstanding common stock through December 31, 2024.

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Item 6. Exhibits

(a) Exhibits

Exhibit No. |  | Exhibit Description
3.1 |  | NOW Inc. Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation (6)
3.2 |  | NOW Inc. Amended and Restated Bylaws (6)
10.1 |  | Form of Employment Agreement for Executive Officers (1)
10.2 |  | NOW Inc. 2014 Incentive Compensation Plan (2)
10.3 |  | Form of Nonqualified Stock Option Agreement (3)
10.4 |  | Form of Restricted Stock Award Agreement (3 year cliff vest) (3)
10.5 |  | Form of Performance Award Agreement (3)
10.6 |  | Form of Amendment to Employment Agreement for Executive Officers (4)
10.7 |  | Credit Agreement dated as of April 30, 2018, among the Borrowers, the lenders party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association as administrative agent, an issuing lender and swing lender (5)
10.8 |  | Employment Agreement between NOW Inc. and Chief Executive Officer David Cherechinsky (7)
10.9 |  | Employment Agreement between NOW Inc. and Chief Financial Officer Mark Johnson (7)
10.10 |  | First Amendment to Credit Agreement, and First Amendment to US Guaranty and Security Agreement, dated as of December 14, 2021, among the Borrowers, the lenders party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, an issuing lender and swing lender.(8)
10.11 |  | Second Amendment to Credit Agreement, among the Borrowers, the lenders party thereto and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent, an issuing lender and swing lender (9)
31.1 |  | Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14a and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act, as amended
31.2 |  | Certification pursuant to Rule 13a-14a and Rule 15d-14(a) of the Securities and Exchange Act, as amended
32.1 |  | Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
32.2 |  | Certification pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002
101.INS |  | Inline XBRL Instance Document – The instance document does not appear in the interactive data file because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document
101.SCH |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101.CAL |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101.DEF |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101.LAB |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101.PRE |  | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
104 |  | Cover Page Interactive Data File (embedded within the Inline XBRL document)

(1) Filed as an Exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 30, 2014

(2) Filed as an Exhibit to our Amendment No.1 to Form 10, as amended, Registration Statement filed on April 8, 2014

(3) Filed as an Exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on May 7, 2015

(4) Filed as an Exhibit to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed on November 2, 2016

(5) Filed as an Exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 1, 2018

(6) Filed as an Exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 21, 2020

(7) Filed as an Exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on June 2, 2020

(8) Filed as an Exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K/A filed on February 4, 2022

(9) Filed as an Exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on January 3, 2023

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SIGNATURE

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  | Date: May 4, 2023
| By: | /s/ Mark B. Johnson
| Mark B. Johnson
| Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

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