STOCK-BASED COMPENSATION

Stock Options

There were no grants made during the six months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016.

Changes in our stock options for the six months ended December 31, 2017 were as follows:



	Options		Weighted Average Exercise Price		Weighted Average Remaining Life (years)	Aggregate Intrinsic value (in thousands)
Options outstanding, June 30, 2017	1,726,791		$	34.08
Granted	—		—
Exercised	(521,259	)	36.63
Lapsed or forfeited	(62,763	)	39.46
Options outstanding, December 31, 2017	1,142,769		$	32.62	5.4	$	18,049
Options vested and expected to vest, December 31, 2017	1,136,169		$	32.64	5.4	$	17,916
Options exercisable, December 31, 2017	888,358		$	34.36	4.7	$	12,485

During the six months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, compensation expense related to stock options was $0.4 million and $1.0 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2017, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to options outstanding was $0.5 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.8 years.

Fair value of options vested during the six months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $1.7 million and $3.1 million, respectively.

Tax benefits relating to excess stock-based compensation deductions are presented in the operating activities section of the condensed consolidated statements of cash flow for the six months ended December 31, 2017. Tax benefits resulting from stock-based compensation deductions were less than the amounts reported for financial reporting purposes by $0.2 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017, and no tax benefits were realized for the six months ended December 31, 2016 due to the valuation allowance on U.S. deferred tax assets.

The amount of cash received from the exercise of capital stock options during the six months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was $19.1 million and $3.1 million, respectively. The related tax benefit was $1.1 million for the six months ended December 31, 2017, and there was no related tax benefit realized for the six months ended December 31, 2016 due to the valuation allowance on U.S. deferred tax assets. The total intrinsic value of options exercised during the six months ended December 31, 2017 was $4.8 million and was immaterial for the six months ended December 31, 2016.

Under the provisions of the Kennametal Inc. Stock and Incentive Plan of 2010, as amended and restated on October 22, 2013 and as further amended January 27, 2015, and the Kennametal Inc. 2016 Stock and Incentive Plan, plan participants may deliver stock, owned by the holder for at least six months, in payment of the option price and receive credit for the fair market value of the shares on the date of delivery. The fair market value of shares delivered during the six months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016 was immaterial.

Restricted Stock Units – Time Vesting and Performance Vesting

Performance vesting restricted stock units are earned pro rata each year if certain performance goals are met over a three-year period and are also subject to a service condition that requires the individual to be employed by the Company at the vesting date after the three-year performance period has ended, with the exception of retirement eligible grantees, who upon retirement are entitled to vest in any units that have been earned, including a prorated portion for the partially completed fiscal year in which the retirement occurs. Time vesting stock units are valued at the market value of the stock on the grant date. Performance vesting stock units with a market condition are valued using a Monte Carlo model.

Changes in our time vesting and performance vesting restricted stock units for the six months ended December 31, 2017 were as follows:



	Performance Vesting Stock Units		Performance Vesting Weighted Average Fair Value		Time Vesting Stock Units		Time Vesting Weighted Average Fair Value
Unvested, June 30, 2017	280,250		$	27.62	1,153,444		$	27.66
Granted	158,397		38.81		424,754		37.64
Vested	(10,031	)	42.83		(390,874	)	30.67
Performance metric adjustments, net	16,766		25.84		—		—
Forfeited	—		—		(20,192	)	31.89
Unvested, December 31, 2017	445,382		$	31.19	1,167,132		$	30.20

During the six months ended December 31, 2017 and 2016, compensation expense related to time vesting and performance vesting restricted stock units was $11.0 million and $12.3 million, respectively. As of December 31, 2017, the total unrecognized compensation cost related to unvested time vesting and performance vesting restricted stock units was $23.2 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted average period of 2.1 years.