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Note 8 - Income Taxes - Differences Between the Company's Effective Tax Rate and the Statutory Tax Rate (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
Dec. 31, 2016
Income tax benefit at federal statutory rate (21% for 2018 and 2017 and 35 % for 2016) $ (21,263) $ (23,024) $ (19,300)
State and local income taxes net of federal tax benefit (2,547) (1,611) (1,173)
Permanent items 503 910 1,057
Rate change (29) 71,155 1,080
Expiration of attribute carryforwards 2,183 918 559
Effect of ASU 2016-09 (5,949)
Research and development tax credits (4,905) (1,977) (4,681)
Orphan drug credit 564 1,798
Other 18 1,639 822
Change in valuation allowance 26,040 (42,625) 19,838
Income tax expense $ 0 $ 0 $ 0