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Note 8 - Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Notes Tables  
Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation [Table Text Block]
    2019   2018   2017
Income tax benefit at federal statutory rate (21% for 2019, 2018 and 2017)   $
(22,868
)   $
(21,263
)   $
(23,024
)
State and local income taxes net of federal tax benefit    
(1,591
)    
(2,547
)    
(1,611
)
Permanent items    
691
     
503
     
910
 
Rate change    
625
     
(29
)    
71,155
 
Expiration of attribute carryforwards    
3,976
     
2,183
     
918
 
Effect of ASU 2016-09    
-
     
-
     
(5,949
)
Research and development tax credits    
(4,938
)    
(4,905
)    
(1,977
)
Orphan drug credit    
-
     
-
     
564
 
Other    
281
     
18
     
1,639
 
Change in valuation allowance    
23,824
     
26,040
     
(42,625
)
Income tax expense   $
-
    $
-
    $
-
 
Schedule of Unrecognized Tax Benefits Roll Forward [Table Text Block]
    2019   2018
Balance at January 1,   $
5,976
    $
4,750
 
Additions to current period tax positions    
1,234
     
1,226
 
Additions to prior period tax positions    
-
     
-
 
Reductions to prior period tax provisions    
-
     
-
 
Balance at December 31,   $
7,210
    $
5,976
 
Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities [Table Text Block]
    2019   2018
Deferred tax assets:                
Net federal and state operating losses   $
155,190
    $
137,234
 
Research and development credits    
63,275
     
59,509
 
Stock-based compensation    
9,786
     
7,108
 
Leasing obligations    
1,070
     
-
 
Other    
3,801
     
5,258
 
Total deferred tax assets    
233,122
     
209,109
 
Deferred tax liabilities:                
Fixed assets    
(114
)    
(418
)
Right of use asset    
(803
)    
-
 
Foreign currency derivative    
-
     
(231
)
Total deferred tax liabilities    
(917
)    
(649
)
                 
Valuation allowance    
(232,205
)    
(208,460
)
Net deferred tax assets   $
-
    $
-