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OPERATING SEGMENT DATA - (Rev and Expenses) (Details) - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 3 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2019
Sep. 30, 2019
Jun. 30, 2019
Mar. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Sep. 30, 2018
Jun. 30, 2018
Mar. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2019
Dec. 31, 2018
Dec. 31, 2017
REVENUES                      
Revenues $ 717,418 $ 787,563 $ 771,490 $ 711,839 $ 774,279 $ 826,158 $ 793,350 $ 700,001 $ 2,988,310 $ 3,093,788 $ 2,826,457
OPERATING EXPENSES                      
Salaries, wages, and benefits                 1,408,409 1,398,348 1,361,224
Fuel, supplies, and expenses                 316,047 325,126 304,126
Depreciation and amortization                 112,466 108,635 103,068
Multiemployer pension fund withdrawal liability charge             37,900     37,922  
Gain on sale of property and equipment                 (5,247) (59) (75)
Other                 126,146 123,998 124,144
Asset impairment 26,500               26,514    
Restructuring costs                   1,655 2,963
Gain on sale of subsidiaries                   (1,945) (152)
Total consolidated operating expenses 728,647 756,355 736,290 703,248 737,117 770,103 790,194 687,276 2,924,540 2,984,690 2,765,109
OPERATING INCOME                      
Operating income (11,229) 31,208 35,200 8,591 37,162 56,055 3,156 12,725 63,770 109,098 61,348
OTHER INCOME (COSTS)                      
Interest and dividend income                 6,453 3,914 1,293
Interest and other related financing costs                 (11,467) (9,468) (6,342)
Other, net                 (7,285) (19,158) (4,723)
TOTAL OTHER INCOME (COSTS) $ (798) $ (7,866) $ (1,640) $ (1,995) $ (16,492) $ (2,064) $ (2,422) $ (3,734) (12,299) (24,712) (9,772)
INCOME BEFORE INCOME TAXES                 51,471 84,386 51,576
Asset-Based | Land and structures (service centers)                      
OPERATING EXPENSES                      
Gain on sale of property and equipment                 4,000    
Operating Segments | Asset-Based                      
REVENUES                      
Revenues                 2,144,679 2,175,585 1,993,314
OPERATING EXPENSES                      
Salaries, wages, and benefits                 1,148,761 1,128,030 1,125,131
Fuel, supplies, and expenses                 257,133 255,655 234,006
Operating taxes and licenses                 50,209 48,792 47,767
Insurance                 32,516 32,887 30,761
Communications and utilities                 18,614 16,983 17,373
Depreciation and amortization                 89,798 85,951 82,507
Rents and purchased transportation                 221,479 242,247 206,457
Shared services                 212,773 215,302 182,568
Multiemployer pension fund withdrawal liability charge                   37,922  
Gain on sale of property and equipment                 (5,892) (410) (695)
Innovative technology costs                 13,739 3,810 2,966
Other                 3,488 4,554 6,248
Restructuring costs                     344
Total consolidated operating expenses                 2,042,618 2,071,723 1,935,433
OPERATING INCOME                      
Operating income                 102,061 103,862 57,881
Operating Segments | ArcBest                      
REVENUES                      
Revenues                 738,392 781,123 706,698
OPERATING EXPENSES                      
Purchased transportation                 606,113 631,501 563,497
Supplies and expenses                 10,789 13,329 15,087
Depreciation and amortization                 11,344 13,750 13,090
Shared services                 93,961 91,266 83,660
Other                 9,860 9,143 11,116
Asset impairment                 26,514    
Restructuring costs                   491 875
Gain on sale of subsidiaries                   (1,945) (152)
Total consolidated operating expenses                 758,581 757,535 687,173
OPERATING INCOME                      
Operating income                 (20,189) 23,588 19,525
Operating Segments | FleetNet                      
REVENUES                      
Revenues                 211,738 195,126 156,341
OPERATING EXPENSES                      
Depreciation and amortization                 1,341 1,140 1,089
Total consolidated operating expenses                 206,932 190,741 152,864
OPERATING INCOME                      
Operating income                 4,806 4,385 3,477
Other and eliminations                      
REVENUES                      
Revenues                 (106,499) (58,046) (29,896)
OPERATING EXPENSES                      
Depreciation and amortization                 9,983 7,794 6,382
Total consolidated operating expenses                 (83,591) (35,309) (10,361)
OPERATING INCOME                      
Operating income                 $ (22,908) $ (22,737) $ (19,535)