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INCOME TAXES
 6 Months Ended
Jul. 01, 2022
INCOME TAXES  
INCOME TAXES

10. INCOME TAXES

Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences of temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities, subject to a judgmental assessment of the recoverability of deferred tax assets. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is recorded when it is more likely than not that some of the deferred tax assets may not be realized. Significant judgment is applied when assessing the need for valuation allowances and includes the evaluation of historical income (loss) adjusted for the effects of non-recurring items and the impact of recent business combinations. Areas of estimation include our consideration of future taxable income which is driven by verifiable signed contracts and ongoing prudent and feasible tax planning strategies. Should a change in circumstances lead to a change in judgment about the utilization of deferred tax assets in future years, the Company would adjust the related valuation allowances in the period that the change in circumstances occurs, along with a corresponding increase or charge to income.

During each fiscal year, the Company assesses the available positive and negative evidence to evaluate if it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will be realized. At the end of fiscal year 2018, the Company determined that it was more-likely-than-not that the entire California net operating loss will not be utilized prior to expiration. Significant pieces of objective evidence evaluated included the Company’s history of utilization of California net operating losses in prior years for each of its subsidiaries, as well as its forecasted amount of net operating loss utilization for certain members of the combined group. As a result, at that time, the Company recorded a valuation allowance in the amount of $86,000 related to California net operating losses. During fiscal year 2021, the Company determined that it was more-likely-than-not that the New Jersey net operating losses will not be utilized prior to expiration and, accordingly, recorded a valuation allowance of $1.1 million. Significant pieces of objective evidence evaluated included the Company’s proportional increase of revenue to other states resulting in a dilution of New Jersey sourced income as well as the Company’s forecasted amount of net operating loss utilization in New Jersey for certain members of the combined group. At the end of fiscal year 2021, the total valuation allowance was $1.2 million, compared to a balance of $86,000 for fiscal year 2020.

As of July 1, 2022, the Company assessed all available positive and negative evidence available to determine whether, based on the weight of that evidence, there was a change in judgment related to the utilization of deferred tax assets in future years. The Company concluded that as of July 1, 2022, the valuation allowance for the Company’s deferred tax assets was appropriate in accordance with ASC 740. Consequently, there was no change to the valuation allowance during the three and six months ended July 1, 2022.

For acquired business entities, if the Company identifies changes to acquired deferred tax asset valuation allowances or liabilities related to uncertain tax positions during the measurement period and they relate to new information obtained about facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date, those changes are considered a measurement period adjustment, and the Company records the offset to goodwill. The Company records all other changes to deferred tax asset valuation allowances and liabilities related to uncertain tax positions in current period income tax expense.

The Company recognizes the tax benefit from uncertain tax positions if it is more likely than not that the tax positions will be sustained on examination by the tax authorities, based on the technical merits of the position. The tax benefit is measured based on the largest benefit that has a greater than 50% likelihood of being realized upon ultimate settlement. The Company recognizes interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. During the three and six months ended July 1, 2022, the Company did not record a liability for uncertain tax positions.

Based on the Company’s estimates and determination of an effective tax rate for the year, the Company recorded an income tax benefit of $1.7 million and $4.1 million for the three and six months ended July 1, 2022, respectively, as compared to an income tax benefit of $3.7 million and $5.1 million for the three and six months ended July 2, 2021, respectively. During the three and six months ended July 1, 2022, the difference between the effective tax rate and the federal statutory rate was primarily attributable to state taxes, non-deductible stock compensation, nondeductible executive compensation, research and development tax credits, and the commercial building energy efficiency deduction. During the three and six months ended July 2, 2021, the difference between the effective tax rate and the federal statutory rate was primarily attributable to state taxes, excess tax benefit on stock compensation, nondeductible executive compensation, research and development tax credits, the commercial building energy efficiency deduction, and additional benefits provided by the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act (H.R 748).

On June 10, 2021, the Company received notice from the State of New York indicating that the Company’s 2017, 2018, and 2019 state tax returns were under examination. The examination was finalized during the Company’s first quarter of fiscal 2022 and there were no changes made by the State of New York to the state tax returns filed.

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