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INCOME TAXES
12 Months Ended
Dec. 29, 2023
INCOME TAXES  
INCOME TAXES

11. INCOME TAXES

The provision for income taxes is comprised of (1):

Fiscal Year

 

    

2023

    

2022

    

2021

 

(in thousands)

Current federal taxes

$

61

$

(1,224)

$

(1,606)

Current state taxes

 

676

 

(73)

 

530

Current foreign taxes

Deferred federal taxes

 

2,022

 

(1,519)

 

(2,656)

Deferred state taxes

 

906

 

(188)

 

(255)

$

3,665

$

(3,004)

$

(3,987)

(1)Revenue from the Company’s foreign operations was immaterial for fiscal years 2023, 2022 and 2021.

 

The provision for income taxes reconciles to the amounts computed by applying the statutory federal tax rate of 21% for fiscal years 2023, 2022 and 2021 to the Company’s income before income taxes. The sources and tax effects of the differences for fiscal years 2023, 2022 and 2021 are as follows:

    

2023

    

2022

    

2021

 

(in thousands)

Computed “expected” federal income tax expense

$

3,064

$

(2,405)

$

(2,605)

Permanent differences

 

194

 

24

 

18

Nondeductible executive compensation

121

711

1,349

Stock options and disqualifying dispositions

560

576

(1,276)

Energy efficient building deduction

(717)

(1,378)

(558)

Current and deferred state income tax expense, net of federal benefit

 

1,250

 

(111)

 

(660)

Research and development tax credit

(867)

(517)

(761)

Federal rate differential on NOL carryback

(579)

Change in valuation allowance

1,105

Other

 

60

 

96

 

(20)

$

3,665

$

(3,004)

$

(3,987)

 

The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant portions of the net deferred tax assets and liabilities are as follows:

December 29,

December 30,

    

2023

    

2022

(in thousands)

Deferred tax assets:

Other accrued liabilities

$

2,907

$

1,374

Federal and state net operating losses

15,890

23,089

Lease liability

3,977

3,592

Stock compensation

1,214

1,404

Capitalized research and development

4,286

2,078

Credit carryforwards

2,819

1,754

Excess business interest limitation

84

1,437

Other

 

432

 

207

Total deferred tax assets

 

31,609

 

34,935

Valuation allowance

 

(1,191)

 

(1,191)

Net deferred tax assets

$

30,418

$

33,744

Deferred tax liabilities:

Deferred revenue

$

(2,960)

$

(4,223)

Fixed assets

(3,013)

(2,778)

Intangible assets

(4,926)

(4,794)

Lease right-of-use assets

(3,558)

(3,406)

Total deferred tax liabilities

 

(14,457)

 

(15,201)

Net deferred tax asset

$

15,961

$

18,543

 

As of December 29, 2023, the Company had federal and state operating loss carryovers of $52.8 million and $77.2 million, respectively, and federal and state tax credit carryforwards of $2.6 million and $0.3 million, respectively. Out of the federal operating loss carryovers, $13.2 million will carryforward indefinitely. The remaining carryovers will begin to expire in 2026 through 2042.

During each fiscal year, management assesses the available positive and negative evidence to estimate if sufficient future taxable income will be generated to utilize existing deferred tax assets. During fiscal year 2023 and 2022, no changes were made to tax valuation allowance as the available positive and negative evidence did not warrant a revision.

As of December 29, 2023 and December 30, 2022, the Company’s liabilities related to uncertain tax positions were immaterial to the consolidated financial statements. The Company may be subject to examination by the Internal Revenue Service (“IRS”) for calendar years 2020 through 2023. The Company may also be subject to examination on certain state and local jurisdictions for the years 2019 through 2023.

The Company's policy is to recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits in income tax expense. As of December 29, 2023 and December 30, 2022, the Company did not have any unrecognized tax benefits. In addition, during the fiscal year 2023, the Company did not have any additions or reductions of unrecognized tax benefits.