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REVENUE
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2024
Revenue  
Revenue

2. REVENUE

Nature of Products and Services

IT products typically represent a distinct performance obligation, and revenue is recognized at the point in time when control is transferred to the customer which is generally upon delivery to the customer. The Company recognizes revenue as the principal in the transaction with the customer (i.e., on a gross basis), as it controls the product prior to delivery to the customer and derives the economic benefits from the sales transaction given the Company’s control over customer pricing.

The Company does not recognize revenue for goods that remain in its physical possession before the customer has the ability to direct the use of, and obtain substantially all of the remaining benefits from the products, the goods are ready for physical transfer to and identified as belonging to the customer, and when the Company has no ability to use the product or to direct it to another customer.

Licenses for on-premise software provide the customer with a right to take possession of the software. Customers may purchase perpetual licenses or enter into subscriptions to the licensed software. The Company is the principal in these transactions and recognizes revenue for the on-premise license at the point in time when the software is made available to the customer and the commencement of the term of the software license or when the renewal term begins, as applicable.

For certain on-premise licenses for security software, the customer derives substantially all of the benefit from these arrangements through the third-party delivered software maintenance, which provides software updates and other support services. The Company does not have control over the delivery of these performance obligations, and accordingly the Company is the agent in these transactions. The Company recognizes revenue for security software net of the related costs of sales at the point in time when its vendor and customer accept the terms and conditions in the sales arrangement. Cloud products allow customers to use hosted software over the contractual period without taking possession of the software and are provided on a subscription basis. The Company does not exercise control over these products or services and therefore is an agent in these transactions. The Company recognizes revenue for cloud products net of the related costs of sales at the point in time when its vendor and customer accept the terms and conditions in the sales arrangements.

Certain software sales include on-premise licenses that are combined with software maintenance. Software maintenance conveys rights to updates, bug fixes and help desk support, and other support services transferred over the underlying contract period. On-premise licenses are considered distinct performance obligations when sold with the software maintenance, as the Company sells these items separately. The Company recognizes revenue related to the software maintenance as the agent in these transactions because it does not have control over the on-going software maintenance service. Revenue allocated to software maintenance is recognized at the point in time when the Company’s vendor and customer accept the terms and conditions in the sales arrangements.

Certain of the Company’s larger customers are offered the opportunity by vendors to purchase software licenses and maintenance under enterprise agreements, or EAs. Under EAs, customers are considered to be compliant with applicable license requirements for the ensuing year, regardless of changes to their employee base. Customers are charged an

annual true-up fee for changes in the number of users over the year. With most EAs, the Company’s vendors will transfer the license and bill the customer directly, paying resellers, such as the Company, an agency fee or commission on these sales. The Company records these agency fees as a component of net sales as earned and there is no corresponding cost of sales amount. In certain instances, the Company invoices the customer directly under an EA and accounts for the individual items sold based on the nature of each item. The Company’s vendors typically dictate how the EA will be sold to the customer.

The Company also offers extended service plans, or ESPs, on IT products, both as part of the initial arrangement and separately from the IT products. The Company recognizes revenue related to ESPs as the agent in the transaction because it does not have control over the on-going ESPs service and does not provide any service after the sale. Revenue allocated to ESPs is recognized at the point in time when the Company’s vendor and customer accept the terms and conditions in the sales arrangement.

The Company uses its own engineering personnel to assist in projects involving the design and installation of systems and networks, and also engages third-party service providers to perform warranty maintenance, implementations, asset disposal, and other services. Service revenue is recognized in general over time as the Company performs the underlying services and satisfies its performance obligations. The Company evaluates such engagements to determine whether it is the principal or the agent in each transaction. For those transactions in which the Company does not control the service, the Company acts as an agent and recognizes the transaction revenue on a net basis at a point in time when the vendor and customer accept the terms and conditions in the sales arrangement.

All amounts billed to a customer in a sales transaction related to shipping and handling, if any, represent revenues earned for the goods provided, and these amounts have been included in net sales. Costs related to shipping and handling billing are classified as cost of sales. Sales are reported net of sales, use, or other transaction taxes that are collected from customers and remitted to taxing authorities.

Significant Judgments

The Company’s contracts with customers often include promises to transfer multiple products or services to a customer. Determining whether the Company is the agent or the principal and whether products and services are considered distinct performance obligations that should be accounted for separately versus together may require significant judgment.

The Company estimates the standalone selling price, or SSP, for each distinct performance obligation when a single arrangement contains multiple performance obligations and the fulfillment occurs at different points in time. The Company maximizes the use of observable inputs in the determination of the estimate for SSP for the items that it does not sell separately, including on-premise licenses sold with software maintenance, and IT products sold with ESPs. In instances where SSP is not directly observable, such as when the Company does not sell the product or service separately, the Company determines the SSP using information that may include market conditions and other observable inputs.

The Company provides its customers with a limited thirty-day right of return, which is generally limited to defective merchandise, and gives rise to variable consideration. Revenue is recognized based on the most likely amount to which it is expected to be entitled. The estimated variable consideration is included in the transaction price to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur once the uncertainty is resolved. The Company makes estimates of product returns based on significant historical experience. The Company records its sales return reserve as a reduction of revenues and either as reduction of accounts receivable or, for customers who have already paid, as accrued expenses and as a reduction of cost of sales and an associated right of return asset.

Description of Revenue

The Company disaggregates revenue from its arrangements with customers by type of products and services, as it believes this method best depicts how the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows are affected by economic factors.

The following tables represent a disaggregation of revenue from arrangements with customers for the years ended December 31, 2024, 2023, and 2022, along with the segment for each category (in thousands).

For the Year Ended December 31, 2024

    

Enterprise
Solutions

    

Business
Solutions

    

Public Sector
Solutions

    

Total

Notebooks/Mobility

$

368,678

$

373,364

$

251,949

$

993,991

Desktops

176,027

73,540

48,690

298,257

Software

105,120

136,462

43,862

285,444

Servers/Storage

54,230

110,338

40,519

205,087

Net/Com Products

 

89,008

 

81,108

40,472

 

210,588

Displays and Sound

132,112

83,283

57,430

272,825

Accessories

 

158,562

 

114,266

49,923

 

322,751

Other Hardware/Services

 

97,411

 

76,778

38,986

 

213,175

Total net sales

$

1,181,148

$

1,049,139

$

571,831

$

2,802,118

For the Year Ended December 31, 2023

    

Enterprise
Solutions

    

Business
Solutions

    

Public Sector
Solutions

    

Total

Notebooks/Mobility

$

391,667

$

352,116

$

207,887

$

951,670

Desktops

137,679

73,302

55,946

266,927

Software

124,478

157,715

47,321

329,514

Servers/Storage

65,034

 

90,697

45,564

201,295

Net/Com Products

 

112,069

 

121,717

62,488

 

296,274

Displays and Sound

106,419

92,219

60,244

258,882

Accessories

 

155,498

111,542

49,992

 

317,032

Other Hardware/Services

 

108,287

 

76,291

44,472

 

229,050

Total net sales

$

1,201,131

$

1,075,599

$

573,914

$

2,850,644

For the Year Ended December 31, 2022

    

Enterprise
Solutions

    

Business
Solutions

    

Public Sector
Solutions

    

Total

Notebooks/Mobility

$

462,152

$

473,375

$

221,363

$

1,156,890

Desktops

165,509

88,127

56,804

310,440

Software

108,243

147,792

36,071

292,106

Servers/Storage

64,622

 

103,711

44,588

212,921

Net/Com Products

 

85,611

 

98,672

32,548

 

216,831

Displays and Sound

132,269

118,753

67,860

318,882

Accessories

 

202,452

133,017

58,413

 

393,882

Other Hardware/Services

 

103,504

 

81,863

37,677

 

223,044

Total net sales

$

1,324,362

$

1,245,310

$

555,324

$

3,124,996

Contract Balances

The following table provides information about contract liabilities from arrangements with customers as of December 31, 2024 and December 31, 2023 (in thousands):

    

December 31, 2024

    

December 31, 2023

Contract liabilities, which are included in "Accrued expenses and other liabilities"

$

10,290

$

4,206

Changes in the contract liability balances during the years ended December 31, 2024 and 2023 are as follows (in thousands):

    

2024

Balance at December 31, 2023

$

4,206

Cash received in advance and not recognized as revenue

 

28,014

Amounts recognized as revenue as performance obligations satisfied

 

(21,930)

Balance at December 31, 2024

$

10,290

2023

Balance at December 31, 2022

$

4,266

Cash received in advance and not recognized as revenue

 

21,173

Amounts recognized as revenue as performance obligations satisfied

 

(21,233)

Balance at December 31, 2023

$

4,206