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Fair Value Measurements
 9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]  
Fair Value Measurements Fair Value Measurements
The Company complies with the provisions of ASC 820, which defines fair value, provides a framework for measuring fair value and expands the disclosures required for fair value measurements of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities. ASC 820 clarifies that fair value is an exit price, representing the amount that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants. As such, fair value is a market-based measurement that is determined based on assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or a liability. As a basis for considering such assumptions, ASC 820 establishes a three-tier value hierarchy, which prioritizes the inputs used in the valuation methodologies in measuring fair value.
§Level 1 – Observable inputs that reflect quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
§Level 2 – Observable inputs other than quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities, quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in inactive markets, or other inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data for substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities.
§Level 3 – Unobservable inputs which are supported by little or no market activity.
The fair value hierarchy also requires an entity to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when measuring fair value.
Recurring Fair Value Measurements
The Company’s money market funds are classified within Level 1. The Company values these Level 1 investments using quoted market prices.
The Company’s investment in Consensus’ common stock for which the Company elected the fair value option, and the fair value of the Company’s investment in Consensus and subsequent fair value changes, are included in our assets and changes in fair value are recognized in earnings. As the initial carrying value of the investment in Consensus was negative immediately following the Separation, the Company elected the fair value option under ASC 825-10-25 to support the initial recognition of the investment in Consensus at fair value and the negative book value was recorded as a gain at the date of Separation. The fair value of the investment in Consensus is determined using quoted market prices, which is a Level 1 input.
The Company has investment in a corporate debt security that does not have a readily determinable fair value because acquired securities are privately held, not traded on any public exchanges and not an investment in a mutual fund or similar investment. The fair value of the corporate debt securities is determined primarily based on significant estimates and assumptions, including Level 3 inputs. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the fair value was determined based upon various probability-weighted scenarios which included discount rate assumptions between 12% and 13%, depending on the probability scenario. In addition, the determination of fair value included a conversion timeframe of one to three years, depending on probability scenario, as of September 30, 2023 and approximately one-year as of December 31, 2022.
The Company classifies its contingent consideration liability in connection with acquisitions within Level 3 because factors used to develop the estimated fair value are unobservable inputs, such as volatility and market risks, and are not supported by market activity. The valuation approaches used to value Level 3 investments considers unobservable inputs in the market such as time to liquidity, volatility, dividend yield, and breakpoints. Significant increases or decreases in either of the inputs in isolation would result in a significantly lower or higher fair value measurement. As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, the contingent consideration was determined using a 100% probability of payout at the maximum amount, without any other estimates applied.
The following tables present the fair values of the Company’s financial assets or liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
September 30, 2023Level 1Level 2Level 3Fair ValueCarrying Value
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market and other funds$288,610 $— $— $288,610 $288,610 
Short-term investments:
Certificates of deposit— 3,753 — 3,753 3,753 
Consensus common stock26,044 — — 26,044 26,044 
Long-term investments:
Investment in corporate debt securities— — 15,469 15,469 15,469 
Total assets measured at fair value$314,654 $3,753 $15,469 $333,876 $333,876 
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration$— $— $3,389 $3,389 $3,389 
Total liabilities measured at fair value$— $— $3,389 $3,389 $3,389 
December 31, 2022Level 1Level 2Level 3Fair ValueCarrying Value
Assets:
Cash equivalents:
Money market and other funds$312,010 $— $— $312,010 $312,010 
Short-term investments:
Consensus common stock58,421 — — 58,421 58,421 
Long-term investments:
Investment in corporate debt securities— — 15,586 15,586 15,586 
Total assets measured at fair value$370,431 $— $15,586 $386,017 $386,017 
Liabilities:
Contingent consideration$— $— $555 $555 $555 
Total liabilities measured at fair value$— $— $555 $555 $555 
At the end of each reporting period, management reviews the inputs to the fair value measurements of financial and non-financial assets and liabilities to determine when transfers between levels are deemed to have occurred. For the nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022, there were no transfers that occurred between levels.
The following table presents a reconciliation of the Company’s Level 3 financial assets related to our contingent consideration arrangements and investment in corporate debt securities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis (in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30,
20232022
Contingent Consideration ArrangementsCorporate Debt SecuritiesContingent Consideration ArrangementsCorporate Debt Securities
Balance as of January 1$555 $15,586 $5,775 $— 
Fair value at date of acquisition2,834 — 555 15,000 
Fair value adjustments (1)
— (117)(2,305)— 
Payments— — (2,919)— 
Balance as of September 30$3,389 $15,469 $1,106 $15,000 
(1)The fair value adjustments to the contingent consideration arrangements in the table above were recorded within ‘General and administrative’ on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. The fair value adjustments to the corporate debt securities in the table above were recorded within ‘Change in fair value on available-for-sale investments, net’ on the Condensed Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive (Loss) Income during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.
Nonrecurring Fair Value Measurements
The Company’s non-financial assets, such as goodwill, intangible assets, right-of-use assets, and property, plant and equipment, are adjusted to fair value only when an impairment is recognized. The Company’s financial assets, comprised of equity securities without readily determinable fair value, are adjusted to fair value when observable price changes are identified or due to impairment. Such fair value measurements are based predominately on Level 3 inputs. See Note 1 - Basis of Presentation for further information on intangible assets and right-of-use assets impairment charges recorded in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022. See Note 7 - Goodwill and Intangible Assets for further information on a goodwill impairment charge recorded in the three and nine months ended September 30, 2023 and 2022.
Other Fair Value Disclosures
The fair value of the Company’s 4.625% Senior Notes and 1.75% Convertible Notes (as defined in Note 7 - Debt) was determined using quoted market prices or dealer quotes for instruments with similar maturities and other terms and credit ratings, which are Level 1 inputs. If such information is not available for the 1.75% Convertible Notes, the fair value is determined using cash-flow models of the scheduled payments discounted at market interest rates for comparable debt without the conversion feature.
The following table presents the carrying value and the fair value of financial instruments measured at fair value only for disclosure purposes:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Carrying ValueFair ValueCarrying ValueFair Value
4.625% Senior Notes
$456,695 $389,022 $456,400 $390,908 
1.75% Convertible Notes
$544,048 $508,832 $542,653 $548,411