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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
_______________
Form 10-Q
þ QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the Quarterly Period Ended September 29, 2024
¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Commission File Number 001-33994
INTERFACE INC
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Georgia |  | 58-1451243
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

1280 West Peachtree Street | Atlanta | Georgia | 30309
(Address of principal executive offices) | (zip code)

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (770) 437-6800
Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class | Trading Symbol(s) | Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
Common Stock, $0.10 Par Value Per Share | TILE | Nasdaq Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes þ No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ¨ | Accelerated filer | þ | Non-accelerated filer | ¨ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ | Emerging growth company | ¨

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No þ
Number of shares outstanding of each of the registrant’s classes of common stock, as of October 31, 2024:

Class | Number of Shares
Common Stock, $0.10 par value per share | 58,303,571

TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  | Page
PART I. | FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
| Item 1. | Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 3
|  | Consolidated Condensed Balance Sheets – September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023 | 3
|  | Consolidated Condensed Statements of Operations – Three Months and Nine Months Ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023 | 4
|  | Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income – Three Months and Nine Months Ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023 | 5
|  | Consolidated Condensed Statements of Cash Flows – Nine Months Ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023 | 6
|  | Notes to Consolidated Condensed Financial Statements | 7
| Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 29
| Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 37
| Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 38
PART II. | OTHER INFORMATION |
| Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 39
| Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 39
| Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 40
| Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 41
| Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 41
| Item 5. | Other Information | 41
| Item 6. | Exhibits | 42
SIGNATURE | 43

Table of Contents
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
INTERFACE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except par values)

| SEPTEMBER 29, 2024 |  | DECEMBER 31, 2023
| (UNAUDITED) |  |
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 115,601 |  |  | $ | 110,498 |
Accounts receivable, net | 173,859 |  |  | 163,386 |
Inventories, net | 283,096 |  |  | 279,079 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 35,605 |  |  | 30,895 |
Total current assets | 608,161 |  |  | 583,858 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 284,845 |  |  | 291,140 |
Operating lease right-of-use assets | 81,716 |  |  | 87,519 |
Deferred tax asset | 21,604 |  |  | 21,721 |
Goodwill and intangible assets, net | 159,428 |  |  | 161,703 |
Other assets | 87,510 |  |  | 84,154 |
Total assets | $ | 1,243,264 |  |  | $ | 1,230,095 |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 78,279 |  |  | $ | 62,912 |
Accrued expenses | 136,626 |  |  | 130,890 |
Current portion of operating lease liabilities | 12,888 |  |  | 12,347 |
Current portion of long-term debt | 8,593 |  |  | 8,572 |
Total current liabilities | 236,386 |  |  | 214,721 |
Long-term debt | 329,347 |  |  | 408,641 |
Operating lease liabilities | 72,861 |  |  | 78,269 |
Deferred income taxes | 32,945 |  |  | 33,832 |
Other long-term liabilities | 70,162 |  |  | 68,685 |
Total liabilities | 741,701 |  |  | 804,148 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 15) |  |  |
Shareholders’ equity |  |  |
Preferred stock, par value $1.00 per share; 5,000 shares authorized; none issued or outstanding at September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023 | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, par value $0.10 per share; 120,000 shares authorized; 58,304 and 58,112 shares issued and outstanding at September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively | 5,830 |  |  | 5,811 |
Additional paid-in capital | 257,282 |  |  | 252,909 |
Retained earnings | 384,258 |  |  | 320,833 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss – foreign currency translation | (111,573) |  |  | (119,590) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss – pension liability | (34,234) |  |  | (34,016) |
Total shareholders’ equity | 501,563 |  |  | 425,947 |
Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity | $ | 1,243,264 |  |  | $ | 1,230,095 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated condensed financial statements.
3

Table of Contents
INTERFACE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands, except per share data)

| THREE MONTHS ENDED |  | NINE MONTHS ENDED
| SEPTEMBER 29, 2024 |  | OCTOBER 1, 2023 |  | SEPTEMBER 29, 2024 |  | OCTOBER 1, 2023
Net sales | $ | 344,270 |  |  | $ | 311,006 |  |  | $ | 980,648 |  |  | $ | 936,380 |
Cost of sales | 216,645 |  |  | 200,748 |  |  | 620,005 |  |  | 618,463 |
Gross profit | 127,625 |  |  | 110,258 |  |  | 360,643 |  |  | 317,917 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 85,450 |  |  | 79,273 |  |  | 255,871 |  |  | 251,049 |
Restructuring, asset impairment, and other gains, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,502) |
Operating income | 42,175 |  |  | 30,985 |  |  | 104,772 |  |  | 69,370 |
Interest expense | 5,721 |  |  | 8,163 |  |  | 18,317 |  |  | 24,986 |
Other expense, net | 381 |  |  | 6,702 |  |  | 237 |  |  | 7,674 |
Income before income tax expense | 36,073 |  |  | 16,120 |  |  | 86,218 |  |  | 36,710 |
Income tax expense | 7,630 |  |  | 6,241 |  |  | 21,038 |  |  | 11,748 |
Net income | $ | 28,443 |  |  | $ | 9,879 |  |  | $ | 65,180 |  |  | $ | 24,962 |
Earnings per share – basic | $ | 0.49 |  |  | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 1.12 |  |  | $ | 0.43 |
Earnings per share – diluted | $ | 0.48 |  |  | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 1.11 |  |  | $ | 0.43 |
Common shares outstanding – basic | 58,305 |  |  | 58,107 |  |  | 58,275 |  |  | 58,087 |
Common shares outstanding – diluted | 58,871 |  |  | 58,342 |  |  | 58,754 |  |  | 58,233 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated condensed financial statements.
4

Table of Contents
INTERFACE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands)

| THREE MONTHS ENDED |  | NINE MONTHS ENDED
| SEPTEMBER 29, 2024 |  | OCTOBER 1, 2023 |  | SEPTEMBER 29, 2024 |  | OCTOBER 1, 2023
Net income | $ | 28,443 |  |  | $ | 9,879 |  |  | $ | 65,180 |  |  | $ | 24,962 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), after tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 21,131 |  |  | (9,176) |  |  | 8,017 |  |  | (2,885) |
Pension liability adjustment | (1,210) |  |  | 202 |  |  | (218) |  |  | (877) |
Reclassification from accumulated other comprehensive loss – discontinued cash flow hedge | — |  |  | 150 |  |  | — |  |  | 749 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) | 19,921 |  |  | (8,824) |  |  | 7,799 |  |  | (3,013) |
Comprehensive income | $ | 48,364 |  |  | $ | 1,055 |  |  | $ | 72,979 |  |  | $ | 21,949 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated condensed financial statements.
5

Table of Contents
INTERFACE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(UNAUDITED)
(in thousands)

| NINE MONTHS ENDED
| SEPTEMBER 29, 2024 |  | OCTOBER 1, 2023
OPERATING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 65,180 |  |  | $ | 24,962 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 29,246 |  |  | 30,591 |
Share-based compensation expense | 9,160 |  |  | 7,334 |
Loss (gain) on disposal of property, plant and equipment, net | 139 |  |  | (2,531) |
Loss on foreign subsidiary liquidation | — |  |  | 6,221 |
Deferred income taxes | (1,160) |  |  | 438 |
Other | (2,318) |  |  | (1,109) |
Amortization of acquired intangible assets | 3,895 |  |  | 3,886 |
Working capital changes: |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (10,656) |  |  | 37,396 |
Inventories | (2,395) |  |  | 14,135 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (4,583) |  |  | (2,842) |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses | 23,879 |  |  | (4,264) |
Cash provided by operating activities | 110,387 |  |  | 114,217 |
INVESTING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |
Capital expenditures | (20,108) |  |  | (17,238) |
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment | 1,040 |  |  | 6,593 |
Insurance proceeds from property casualty loss | 2,374 |  |  | — |
Cash used in investing activities | (16,694) |  |  | (10,645) |
FINANCING ACTIVITIES: |  |  |
Repayments of long-term debt | (114,241) |  |  | (149,738) |
Borrowing of long-term debt | 33,381 |  |  | 74,000 |
Tax withholding payments for share-based compensation | (4,770) |  |  | (1,514) |
Dividends paid | (1,755) |  |  | (1,742) |
Finance lease payments | (2,160) |  |  | (1,853) |
Cash used in financing activities | (89,545) |  |  | (80,847) |
Net cash provided by operating, investing and financing activities | 4,148 |  |  | 22,725 |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | 955 |  |  | (656) |
CASH AND CASH EQUIVALENTS: |  |  |
Net increase | 5,103 |  |  | 22,069 |
Balance, beginning of period | 110,498 |  |  | 97,564 |
Balance, end of period | $ | 115,601 |  |  | $ | 119,633 |

See accompanying notes to consolidated condensed financial statements.
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INTERFACE, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED CONDENSED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(UNAUDITED)
NOTE 1 – SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Basis of Presentation
References in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “Interface,” “the Company,” “we,” “our,” “ours” and “us” refer to Interface, Inc. and its subsidiaries or any of them, unless the context requires otherwise.
As contemplated by the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “Commission”) instructions to Form 10-Q, the following footnotes have been condensed and, therefore, do not contain all disclosures required in connection with annual financial statements. Reference should be made to the Company’s year-end financial statements and notes thereto contained in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, as filed with the Commission.
The financial information included in this report has been prepared by the Company, without audit. In the opinion of management, the financial information included in this report contains all adjustments necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods. All such adjustments are of a normal recurring nature unless otherwise disclosed. Nevertheless, the results shown for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year. The December 31, 2023, consolidated condensed balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”).
The nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023 both include 39 weeks. The three-month periods ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023 both include 13 weeks.
Risks and Uncertainties
Global economic challenges, including the impacts of the Russia-Ukraine and Israel-Hamas wars or other conflicts around the globe, supply chain disruptions, and slow macro environments in certain geographical regions could cause economic uncertainty and volatility. In connection with the Cyber Event discussed below, security breaches may expose us to fines and other liabilities to the extent sensitive data stored in our IT systems, including data related to customers, suppliers or employees, are misappropriated. The Company considered these impacts and subsequent general uncertainties and volatility in the global economy on the assumptions and estimates used herein. These uncertainties could result in a future material adverse effect to the amounts reported within the Company’s consolidated condensed financial statements if actual results differ from these estimates.
Cybersecurity Event
On November 20, 2022, we discovered a cybersecurity attack, perpetrated by unauthorized third parties, affecting our IT systems (the “Cyber Event”). In response to this Cyber Event, we notified law enforcement and took steps to supplement existing security monitoring, including scanning and protective measures. The investigation of the Cyber Event by our forensic experts was completed during fiscal year 2023.
Reclassifications
Certain reclassifications to previously reported information have been made in the consolidated condensed statements of cash flows to conform to the current period presentation. The previously reported line item “deferred income taxes and other” was separated into two line items in the current period presentation of the consolidated condensed statements of cash flows to provide additional information. These reclassifications had no effect on cash provided by operating activities as previously reported.
Recently Issued Accounting Pronouncements – Not Yet Adopted
In December 2023, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2023-09, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Improvements to Income Tax Disclosures.” This ASU requires public entities on an annual basis to disclose a rate reconciliation with explicit categories, as outlined in the ASU, and requires additional disclosures for reconciling items that meet certain quantitative thresholds. Other disclosures include disaggregation of income taxes paid, pre-tax income, and income tax expense. The new guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. We are currently assessing the updated guidance; however, it is not expected to have a material impact to our consolidated financial statements.
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In November 2023, the FASB issued ASU 2023-07, “Segment Reporting (Topic 280): Improvements to Reportable Segment Disclosures.” This ASU requires additional disclosures in annual and interim periods for significant segment expenses included in the measure of segment profit provided to the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”). Disclosure of other segment items by reportable segment as well as a description of its composition is also required. The new guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2023, and for interim periods beginning after December 15, 2024. Early adoption is permitted. The Company has completed its evaluation of ASU 2023-07 and has determined that the new guidance will enhance our segment disclosures, but will not have a material impact to our consolidated financial statements.
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NOTE 2 – REVENUE RECOGNITION
The Company generates revenue from sales of modular carpet, resilient flooring, rubber flooring, and other flooring-related material, and from the installation of carpet and other flooring-related material. A summary of these revenue streams, as a percentage of net sales, for the three and nine months ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023 is as follows:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
Revenue from the sale of flooring material | 96 | % |  | 98 | % |  | 97 | % |  | 98 | %
Revenue from installation of flooring material | 4 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 2 |

Disaggregation of Revenue
For the three and nine months ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023, revenue from the Company’s customers is broken down by geography as follows:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
Geography | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
Americas | 61.0 | % |  | 57.3 | % |  | 60.7 | % |  | 58.6 | %
Europe | 28.2 |  |  | 30.3 |  |  | 28.9 |  |  | 30.0 |
Asia-Pacific | 10.8 |  |  | 12.4 |  |  | 10.4 |  |  | 11.4 |

Revenue from the Company’s customers in the Americas corresponds to the AMS reportable segment, and the EAAA reportable segment includes revenue from the Europe and Asia-Pacific geographies. See Note 10 entitled “Segment Information” for additional information.
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NOTE 3 – INVENTORIES
Inventories are summarized as follows:

| September 29, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
| (in thousands)
Finished goods | $ | 207,740 |  |  | $ | 201,821 |
Work-in-process | 22,853 |  |  | 20,892 |
Raw materials | 52,503 |  |  | 56,366 |
Inventories, net | $ | 283,096 |  |  | $ | 279,079 |

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NOTE 4 – EARNINGS PER SHARE
The Company computes basic earnings per share (“EPS”) by dividing net income by the weighted average common shares outstanding, including participating securities outstanding, during the period as discussed below. Diluted EPS reflects the potential dilution beyond shares for basic EPS that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised, converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that would have shared in the Company’s earnings.
The Company includes all unvested stock awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, whether paid or unpaid, in the number of shares outstanding for basic EPS as these awards are considered participating securities. Any unvested stock awards considered non-participating securities are included in diluted EPS calculations when the inclusion of these shares would be dilutive. Unvested share-based awards of restricted stock are paid dividends equally with all other shares of common stock. As a result, the Company includes all outstanding restricted stock awards in the calculation of basic and diluted EPS. Distributed earnings include common stock dividends and dividends earned on unvested share-based payment awards. Undistributed earnings represent earnings that were available for distribution but were not distributed. The following table shows the computation of basic and diluted EPS:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
| (in thousands, except per share data)
Numerator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income | $ | 28,443 |  |  | $ | 9,879 |  |  | $ | 65,180 |  |  | $ | 24,962 |
Less: distributed and undistributed earnings available to participating securities | (119) |  |  | (117) |  |  | (425) |  |  | (327) |
Distributed and undistributed earnings available to common shareholders | $ | 28,324 |  |  | $ | 9,762 |  |  | $ | 64,755 |  |  | $ | 24,635 |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Weighted average shares outstanding | 58,061 |  |  | 57,420 |  |  | 57,895 |  |  | 57,326 |
Participating securities | 244 |  |  | 687 |  |  | 380 |  |  | 761 |
Shares for basic EPS | 58,305 |  |  | 58,107 |  |  | 58,275 |  |  | 58,087 |
Dilutive effect of non-participating securities | 566 |  |  | 235 |  |  | 479 |  |  | 146 |
Shares for diluted EPS | 58,871 |  |  | 58,342 |  |  | 58,754 |  |  | 58,233 |
Basic EPS | $ | 0.49 |  |  | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 1.12 |  |  | $ | 0.43 |
Diluted EPS | $ | 0.48 |  |  | $ | 0.17 |  |  | $ | 1.11 |  |  | $ | 0.43 |

For both the three and nine months ended September 29, 2024, there were no securities excluded from the computation of diluted EPS that would have been antidilutive. For both the three and nine months ended October 1, 2023, 855,785 of non-participating securities were excluded from the computation of diluted EPS because the effect would have been antidilutive.
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NOTE 5 – LONG-TERM DEBT
Long-term debt consisted of the following:

| September 29, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
| Outstanding Principal |  | Interest Rate(1) |  | Outstanding Principal |  | Interest Rate(1)
| (in thousands) |  |  |  | (in thousands) |  |
Syndicated Credit Facility(2): |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Term loan borrowings | $ | 41,167 |  |  | 5.32 | % |  | $ | 121,658 |  |  | 6.61 | %
5.50% Senior Notes due 2028 | 300,000 |  |  | 5.50 | % |  | 300,000 |  |  | 5.50 | %
Total debt | 341,167 |  |  |  |  | 421,658 |  |  |
Less: Unamortized debt issuance costs | (3,227) |  |  |  |  | (4,445) |  |  |
Total debt, net | 337,940 |  |  |  |  | 417,213 |  |  |
Less: Current portion of long-term debt | (8,593) |  |  |  |  | (8,572) |  |  |
Total long-term debt, net | $ | 329,347 |  |  |  |  | $ | 408,641 |  |  |

(1) Represents the weighted average rate of interest for borrowings under the Syndicated Credit Facility and the stated rate of interest for the 5.50% Senior Notes due 2028, without the effect of debt issuance costs.
(2) The Syndicated Credit Facility also includes a multicurrency revolving loan facility up to $300.0 million. There were no revolving loan borrowings outstanding as of September 29, 2024 or December 31, 2023.
Syndicated Credit Facility
The Company’s Syndicated Credit Facility (the “Facility”) provides to the Company U.S. denominated and multicurrency term loans and provides to the Company and certain of its subsidiaries a multicurrency revolving credit facility. Interest on base rate loans is charged at varying rates computed by applying a margin depending on the Company’s consolidated net leverage ratio as of the most recently completed fiscal quarter. Interest on SOFR-based and alternative currency loans is charged at varying rates computed by applying a margin over the applicable SOFR rate or alternative currency rate, depending on the Company’s consolidated net leverage ratio as of the most recently completed fiscal quarter. In addition, the Company pays a commitment fee per annum (depending on the Company’s consolidated net leverage ratio as of the most recently completed fiscal quarter) on the unused portion of the Facility.
Fees for commercial letters of credit are computed as a percentage of the amount available to be drawn under such letters of credit. Fees for standby letters of credit are charged at varying rates computed by applying a margin of the amount available to be drawn under such standby letters of credit, depending on the Company’s consolidated net leverage ratio as of the most recently completed fiscal quarter. As of September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the Company had $0.7 million and $1.6 million, respectively, in letters of credit outstanding under the Facility.
As of both September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the carrying value of the Company’s borrowings under the Facility approximated its fair value as the Facility bears interest rates that are similar to existing market rates. The fair value of borrowings under the Facility is estimated using observable market rates and is considered Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.
Under the Facility, the Company is required to make quarterly amortization payments of the term loan borrowings, which are due on the last day of the calendar quarter.
The Company is in compliance with all covenants under the Facility and anticipates that it will remain in compliance with the covenants for the foreseeable future.
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Senior Notes due 2028
The 5.50% Senior Notes due 2028 (the “Senior Notes”) bear an interest rate at 5.50% per annum and mature on December 1, 2028. Interest is paid semi-annually on June 1 and December 1 of each year. The Senior Notes are unsecured and are guaranteed, jointly and severally, by each of the Company’s material domestic subsidiaries, all of which also guarantee the obligations of the Company under its Facility.
As of September 29, 2024, the estimated fair value of the Senior Notes was $294.8 million, compared with a net carrying value recorded in the Company’s consolidated condensed balance sheet of $297.1 million ($300.0 million gross, excluding the impact of $2.9 million of unamortized debt issuance costs). The fair value of the Senior Notes is derived using quoted prices for similar instruments and is considered Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy.
The Company is in compliance with all covenants under the indenture governing the Senior Notes and anticipates that it will remain in compliance with the covenants for the foreseeable future.
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NOTE 6 – SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY
The following tables depict the activity in the accounts which make up shareholders’ equity for the nine months ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023:

| SHARES |  | COMMON STOCK |  | ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL |  | RETAINED EARNINGS |  | FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION ADJUSTMENT |  | PENSION LIABILITY |  | TOTAL
| (in thousands, except per share data)
Balance, at December 31, 2023 | 58,112 |  |  | $ | 5,811 |  |  | $ | 252,909 |  |  | $ | 320,833 |  |  | $ | (119,590) |  |  | $ | (34,016) |  |  | $ | 425,947 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,179 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,179 |
Issuances of stock related to restricted share units and performance shares | 472 |  |  | 47 |  |  | (47) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Cash dividends declared, $0.01 per common share | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (589) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (589) |
Compensation expense related to share-based plans, net of forfeitures and shares received for tax withholdings | (311) |  |  | (31) |  |  | (324) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (355) |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (11,092) |  |  | — |  |  | (11,092) |
Pension liability adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 458 |  |  | 458 |
Balance, at March 31, 2024 | 58,273 |  |  | $ | 5,827 |  |  | $ | 252,538 |  |  | $ | 334,423 |  |  | $ | (130,682) |  |  | $ | (33,558) |  |  | $ | 428,548 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 22,558 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 22,558 |
Issuances of stock related to restricted share units and performance shares | 4 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Restricted stock issuances | 58 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 941 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 947 |
Unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock awards | — |  |  | — |  |  | (946) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (946) |
Cash dividends declared, $0.01 per common share | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (584) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (584) |
Compensation expense related to share-based plans, net of forfeitures and shares received for tax withholdings | (32) |  |  | (3) |  |  | 2,133 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,130 |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,022) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,022) |
Pension liability adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 534 |  |  | 534 |
Balance, at June 30, 2024 | 58,303 |  |  | $ | 5,830 |  |  | $ | 254,666 |  |  | $ | 356,397 |  |  | $ | (132,704) |  |  | $ | (33,024) |  |  | $ | 451,165 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28,443 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 28,443 |
Issuances of stock related to restricted share units | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Cash dividends declared, $0.01 per common share | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (582) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (582) |
Compensation expense related to share-based plans, net of forfeitures and shares received for tax withholdings | (2) |  |  | — |  |  | 2,616 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,616 |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 21,131 |  |  | — |  |  | 21,131 |
Pension liability adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,210) |  |  | (1,210) |
Balance, at September 29, 2024 | 58,304 |  |  | $ | 5,830 |  |  | $ | 257,282 |  |  | $ | 384,258 |  |  | $ | (111,573) |  |  | $ | (34,234) |  |  | $ | 501,563 |

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| SHARES |  | COMMON STOCK |  | ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL |  | RETAINED EARNINGS |  | FOREIGN CURRENCY TRANSLATION ADJUSTMENT |  | PENSION LIABILITY |  | CASH FLOW HEDGE |  | TOTAL
| (in thousands, except per share data)
Balance, at January 1, 2023 | 58,106 |  |  | $ | 5,811 |  |  | $ | 244,159 |  |  | $ | 278,639 |  |  | $ | (138,775) |  |  | $ | (27,548) |  |  | $ | (749) |  |  | $ | 361,537 |
Net loss | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (714) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (714) |
Issuances of stock related to performance shares | 79 |  |  | 8 |  |  | (8) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Cash dividends declared, $0.01 per common share | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (580) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (580) |
Compensation expense related to share-based plans, net of forfeitures and shares received for tax withholdings | (132) |  |  | (14) |  |  | 1,850 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,836 |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,930 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,930 |
Pension liability adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (279) |  |  | — |  |  | (279) |
Reclassification out of accumulated other comprehensive loss – discontinued cash flow hedge | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 299 |  |  | 299 |
Balance, at April 2, 2023 | 58,053 |  |  | $ | 5,805 |  |  | $ | 246,001 |  |  | $ | 277,345 |  |  | $ | (133,845) |  |  | $ | (27,827) |  |  | $ | (450) |  |  | $ | 367,029 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,797 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,797 |
Issuances of stock related to restricted share units and performance shares | 5 |  |  | 1 |  |  | (1) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Restricted stock issuances | 102 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 697 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 707 |
Unrecognized compensation expense related to restricted stock awards | — |  |  | — |  |  | (708) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (708) |
Cash dividends declared, $0.01 per common share | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (581) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (581) |
Compensation expense related to share-based plans, net of forfeitures and shares received for tax withholdings | (48) |  |  | (5) |  |  | 1,808 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,803 |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,361 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,361 |
Pension liability adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (800) |  |  | — |  |  | (800) |
Reclassification out of accumulated other comprehensive loss – discontinued cash flow hedge | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 300 |  |  | 300 |
Balance, at July 2, 2023 | 58,112 |  |  | $ | 5,811 |  |  | $ | 247,797 |  |  | $ | 292,561 |  |  | $ | (132,484) |  |  | $ | (28,627) |  |  | $ | (150) |  |  | $ | 384,908 |
Net income | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,879 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,879 |
Cash dividends declared, $0.01 per common share | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (581) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (581) |
Compensation expense related to share-based plans, net of forfeitures and shares received for tax withholdings | (5) |  |  | — |  |  | 2,182 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,182 |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (9,176) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (9,176) |
Pension liability adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 202 |  |  | — |  |  | 202 |
Reclassification out of accumulated other comprehensive loss – discontinued cash flow hedge | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 150 |  |  | 150 |
Balance, at October 1, 2023 | 58,107 |  |  | $ | 5,811 |  |  | $ | 249,979 |  |  | $ | 301,859 |  |  | $ | (141,660) |  |  | $ | (28,425) |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 387,564 |

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Stock Incentive Plan
The Company has share-based employee compensation plans, which are described more fully in Note 14 to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
In May 2024, the shareholders of the Company approved the adoption of an amendment and restatement of the Interface, Inc. 2020 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (the “Amended and Restated Plan”). The aggregate number of shares of common stock that may be issued or transferred under the Amended and Restated Plan on or after the effective date of the plan is the sum of 3,200,000 shares not previously authorized for issuance under any plan, plus the number of shares remaining available for issuance under the original Interface, Inc. 2020 Omnibus Stock Incentive Plan (the “Original Plan”) but not subject to outstanding awards under the Original Plan immediately prior to the effective date of the Amended and Restated Plan, plus the number of shares remaining available for issuance pursuant to the outstanding awards under the Original Plan immediately prior to the effective date of the Amended and Restated Plan, including any shares that become available due to the forfeiture, termination or cancellation of such awards. No award may be granted after the tenth anniversary of the effective date of the Amended and Restated Plan.
Restricted Stock Awards
Compensation expense related to restricted stock grants was $1.9 million and $3.4 million for the nine months ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023, respectively. The Company has reduced its expense for any restricted stock forfeited during the period.
The following table summarizes restricted stock outstanding as of September 29, 2024, as well as activity during the nine months then ended:

| Restricted Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 | 691,600 |  |  | $ | 12.55 |
Granted | 58,400 |  |  | 16.22 |
Vested | (504,800) |  |  | 12.31 |
Forfeited or canceled | (2,900) |  |  | 13.19 |
Outstanding at September 29, 2024 | 242,300 |  |  | $ | 13.92 |

As of September 29, 2024, the unrecognized total compensation cost related to unvested restricted stock was $0.8 million. That cost is expected to be recognized by the second quarter of 2025.
Restricted Share Unit Awards
Compensation expense related to the restricted share units was $2.6 million and $1.5 million for the nine months ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023, respectively. The Company has reduced its expense for any restricted share units forfeited during the period.
The following table summarizes restricted share units outstanding as of September 29, 2024, as well as activity during the nine months then ended:

| Restricted Share Units |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 | 583,400 |  |  | $ | 10.35 |
Granted | 402,800 |  |  | 13.24 |
Vested | (157,200) |  |  | 10.77 |
Forfeited or canceled | (10,200) |  |  | 11.41 |
Outstanding at September 29, 2024 | 818,800 |  |  | $ | 11.68 |

As of September 29, 2024, the unrecognized total compensation cost related to unvested restricted share units was $6.7 million. That cost is expected to be recognized by the first quarter of 2027.
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Performance Share Awards
The following table summarizes the performance shares outstanding as of September 29, 2024, as well as the activity during the nine months then ended:

| Performance Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding at December 31, 2023 | 1,115,000 |  |  | $ | 12.36 |
Granted | 402,800 |  |  | 13.24 |
Vested | (322,300) |  |  | 13.90 |
Forfeited or canceled | (23,900) |  |  | 12.53 |
Outstanding at September 29, 2024 | 1,171,600 |  |  | $ | 12.23 |

Compensation expense related to the performance shares was $4.7 million and $2.4 million for the nine months ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023, respectively. The Company has reduced its expense for any performance shares forfeited during the period. Unrecognized compensation expense related to these performance shares was approximately $6.3 million as of September 29, 2024. The amount and timing of future compensation expense will depend on the performance of the Company. The compensation expense related to these outstanding performance shares is expected to be recognized by the first quarter of 2027.
The tax benefit recognized with respect to restricted stock, restricted share units and performance shares was approximately $1.4 million for the nine months ended September 29, 2024.
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NOTE 7 – LEASES
The table below represents a summary of the balances recorded in the consolidated condensed balance sheets related to the Company’s leases as of September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

| September 29, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
Balance Sheet Location | Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases |  | Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases
| (in thousands)
Operating lease right-of-use assets | $ | 81,716 |  |  |  |  | $ | 87,519 |  |  |
Current portion of operating lease liabilities | $ | 12,888 |  |  |  |  | $ | 12,347 |  |  |
Operating lease liabilities | 72,861 |  |  |  |  | 78,269 |  |  |
Total operating lease liabilities | $ | 85,749 |  |  |  |  | $ | 90,616 |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment, net |  |  | $ | 7,526 |  |  |  |  | $ | 7,236 |
Accrued expenses |  |  | $ | 2,577 |  |  |  |  | $ | 2,587 |
Other long-term liabilities |  |  | 5,335 |  |  |  |  | 5,035 |
Total finance lease liabilities |  |  | $ | 7,912 |  |  |  |  | $ | 7,622 |

As of September 29, 2024, there were no significant leases that had not commenced.
Lease Costs

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
| (in thousands)
Finance lease cost: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Amortization of right-of-use assets | $ | 766 |  |  | $ | 696 |  |  | $ | 2,291 |  |  | $ | 2,056 |
Interest on lease liabilities | 119 |  |  | 79 |  |  | 328 |  |  | 224 |
Operating lease cost | 4,824 |  |  | 4,740 |  |  | 14,635 |  |  | 14,141 |
Short-term lease cost | 241 |  |  | 187 |  |  | 637 |  |  | 934 |
Variable lease cost | 805 |  |  | 583 |  |  | 2,140 |  |  | 1,924 |
Total lease cost | $ | 6,755 |  |  | $ | 6,285 |  |  | $ | 20,031 |  |  | $ | 19,279 |

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Other Supplemental Information

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
| (in thousands)
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Operating cash flows from finance leases | $ | 115 |  |  | $ | 60 |  |  | $ | 316 |  |  | $ | 167 |
Operating cash flows from operating leases | 4,377 |  |  | 4,130 |  |  | 12,797 |  |  | 12,771 |
Financing cash flows from finance leases | 723 |  |  | 545 |  |  | 2,160 |  |  | 1,853 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new finance lease liabilities | 780 |  |  | 1,414 |  |  | 2,361 |  |  | 2,450 |
Right-of-use assets obtained in exchange for new operating lease liabilities | 2,318 |  |  | 236 |  |  | 3,217 |  |  | 4,199 |

Lease Term and Discount Rate
The table below presents the weighted average remaining lease terms and discount rates for finance and operating leases as of September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023:

| September 29, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
Weighted-average remaining lease term – finance leases (in years) | 3.66 |  | 3.70
Weighted-average remaining lease term – operating leases (in years) | 7.94 |  | 8.29
Weighted-average discount rate – finance leases | 6.31 | % |  | 5.51 | %
Weighted-average discount rate – operating leases | 6.37 | % |  | 6.25 | %

Maturity Analysis
A maturity analysis of lease payments under non-cancellable leases is presented as follows:

Fiscal Year | Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases
| (in thousands)
2024 (excluding the nine months ended September 29, 2024) | $ | 4,423 |  |  | $ | 821 |
2025 | 16,995 |  |  | 2,754 |
2026 | 16,839 |  |  | 2,218 |
2027 | 13,954 |  |  | 1,654 |
2028 | 11,459 |  |  | 946 |
Thereafter | 46,668 |  |  | 516 |
Total future minimum lease payments (undiscounted) | 110,338 |  |  | 8,909 |
Less: Present value discount | (24,589) |  |  | (997) |
Total lease liabilities | $ | 85,749 |  |  | $ | 7,912 |

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NOTE 8 – EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLANS
During the three and nine months ended September 29, 2024, the Company recorded multi-employer pension expense related to multi-employer contributions of $0.8 million and $2.1 million, respectively. During the three and nine months ended October 1, 2023, the Company recorded multi-employer pension expense related to multi-employer contributions of $0.7 million and $2.0 million, respectively.
The following tables provide the components of net periodic benefit cost for the three and nine months ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
Defined Benefit Retirement Plans (Europe) | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
| (in thousands)
Interest cost | $ | 1,746 |  |  | $ | 1,791 |  |  | $ | 5,158 |  |  | $ | 5,304 |
Expected return on plan assets | (2,009) |  |  | (2,030) |  |  | (5,930) |  |  | (6,009) |
Amortization of prior service cost | 46 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 135 |  |  | 89 |
Amortization of net actuarial losses | 274 |  |  | 229 |  |  | 810 |  |  | 680 |
Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 57 |  |  | $ | 20 |  |  | $ | 173 |  |  | $ | 64 |

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
Salary Continuation Plan | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
| (in thousands)
Interest cost | $ | 267 |  |  | $ | 284 |  |  | $ | 799 |  |  | $ | 851 |
Amortization of net actuarial losses | 59 |  |  | 49 |  |  | 179 |  |  | 146 |
Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 326 |  |  | $ | 333 |  |  | $ | 978 |  |  | $ | 997 |

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
nora Defined Benefit Plan | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
| (in thousands)
Service cost | $ | 126 |  |  | $ | 116 |  |  | $ | 376 |  |  | $ | 345 |
Interest cost | 268 |  |  | 275 |  |  | 794 |  |  | 822 |
Amortization of net actuarial gains | — |  |  | (110) |  |  | — |  |  | (330) |
Net periodic benefit cost | $ | 394 |  |  | $ | 281 |  |  | $ | 1,170 |  |  | $ | 837 |

In accordance with applicable accounting standards, the service cost component of net periodic benefit costs is presented within operating income in the consolidated condensed statements of operations, while all other components of net periodic benefit costs are presented within other expense, net, in the consolidated condensed statements of operations.
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NOTE 9 – GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The ending balance and the change in the carrying amount of goodwill for the nine months ended September 29, 2024 is as follows:

| Goodwill(1)
| (in thousands)
Balance, at December 31, 2023 | $ | 105,448 |
Foreign currency translation(2) | 1,132 |
Balance, at September 29, 2024 | $ | 106,580 |

(1) The goodwill balance is allocated entirely to the AMS reportable segment.
(2) A portion of the goodwill balance is comprised of goodwill denominated in foreign currency attributable to the nora acquisition.
The net carrying value of intangible assets other than goodwill was $52.8 million and $56.3 million at September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
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NOTE 10 – SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company determines that an operating segment exists if a component (i) engages in business activities from which it earns revenues and incurs expenses, (ii) has operating results that are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) and (iii) has discrete financial information. Additionally, accounting standards require the utilization of a “management approach” to report the financial results of operating segments, which is based on information used by the CODM to assess performance and make operating and resource allocation decisions. The Company determined that it has two operating segments organized by geographical area – namely (a) Americas (“AMS”) and (b) Europe, Africa, Asia and Australia (collectively “EAAA”). The AMS operating segment includes the United States, Canada and Latin America geographic areas.
Pursuant to the management approach discussed above, the Company’s CODM, our chief executive officer, evaluates performance at the AMS and EAAA operating segment levels and makes operating and resource allocation decisions based on segment adjusted operating income (“AOI”), which includes allocations of corporate selling, general and administrative (“SG&A”) expenses and allocations of global support SG&A as discussed below. AOI excludes: nora purchase accounting amortization; Cyber Event impact; property casualty loss; and restructuring, asset impairment, severance, and other, net. Intersegment revenues for the three and nine months ended September 29, 2024, were $19.1 million and $60.4 million, respectively, and intersegment revenues for the three and nine months ended October 1, 2023, were $25.0 million and $72.3 million, respectively. Intersegment revenues are eliminated from net sales presented below since these amounts are not included in the information provided to the CODM.
The Company has determined that it has two reportable segments – AMS and EAAA, as each operating segment meets the quantitative thresholds defined in the accounting guidance.
During the first quarter of 2024, the Company implemented a cost center realignment initiative to centralize certain global/shared functions. For the three and nine months ended September 29, 2024, SG&A expenses for these global support functions were allocated to AOI for each reportable segment consistent with the allocation methodology used to allocate corporate overhead in prior periods. Prior year AOI amounts below were not recast as there was no material impact to the measure of segment profit for each reportable segment. There were no changes to the composition of the Company’s operating or reportable segments.
Segment information for the three and nine months ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023 is presented in the following table:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
| (in thousands)
Net sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AMS | $ | 210,155 |  |  | $ | 178,194 |  |  | $ | 595,082 |  |  | $ | 548,716 |
EAAA | 134,115 |  |  | 132,812 |  |  | 385,566 |  |  | 387,664 |
Total net sales | $ | 344,270 |  |  | $ | 311,006 |  |  | $ | 980,648 |  |  | $ | 936,380 |
Segment AOI |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AMS | $ | 32,187 |  |  | $ | 23,318 |  |  | $ | 77,214 |  |  | $ | 58,621 |
EAAA | 11,299 |  |  | 9,049 |  |  | 31,402 |  |  | 16,805 |
Depreciation and amortization |  |  |  |  |  |  |
AMS | $ | 4,453 |  |  | $ | 4,640 |  |  | $ | 13,252 |  |  | $ | 13,457 |
EAAA | 5,449 |  |  | 5,805 |  |  | 15,994 |  |  | 17,134 |
Total depreciation and amortization | $ | 9,902 |  |  | $ | 10,445 |  |  | $ | 29,246 |  |  | $ | 30,591 |

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A reconciliation of the Company’s total operating segment assets to the corresponding consolidated amounts follows:

| September 29, 2024 |  | December 31, 2023
| (in thousands)
Assets |  |  |
AMS | $ | 628,090 |  |  | $ | 627,782 |
EAAA | 640,638 |  |  | 630,939 |
Total segment assets | 1,268,728 |  |  | 1,258,721 |
Corporate assets | 112,674 |  |  | 108,673 |
Eliminations | (138,138) |  |  | (137,299) |
Total reported assets | $ | 1,243,264 |  |  | $ | 1,230,095 |

Reconciliations of operating income to income before income tax expense and segment AOI are presented as follows:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
| (in thousands)
AMS operating income | $ | 31,878 |  |  | $ | 23,530 |  |  | $ | 76,877 |  |  | $ | 56,997 |
EAAA operating income | 10,297 |  |  | 7,455 |  |  | 27,895 |  |  | 12,373 |
Consolidated operating income | 42,175 |  |  | 30,985 |  |  | 104,772 |  |  | 69,370 |
Interest expense | 5,721 |  |  | 8,163 |  |  | 18,317 |  |  | 24,986 |
Other expense, net | 381 |  |  | 6,702 |  |  | 237 |  |  | 7,674 |
Income before income tax expense | $ | 36,073 |  |  | $ | 16,120 |  |  | $ | 86,218 |  |  | $ | 36,710 |

| Three Months Ended September 29, 2024 |  | Three Months Ended October 1, 2023
| AMS |  | EAAA |  | AMS |  | EAAA
| (in thousands)
Operating income | $ | 31,878 |  |  | $ | 10,297 |  |  | $ | 23,530 |  |  | $ | 7,455 |
Purchase accounting amortization | — |  |  | 1,311 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,302 |
Cyber Event impact | — |  |  | — |  |  | 62 |  |  | 42 |
Restructuring, asset impairment, severance, and other, net | 309 |  |  | (309) |  |  | (274) |  |  | 250 |
AOI | $ | 32,187 |  |  | $ | 11,299 |  |  | $ | 23,318 |  |  | $ | 9,049 |

| Nine Months Ended September 29, 2024 |  | Nine Months Ended October 1, 2023
| AMS |  | EAAA |  | AMS |  | EAAA
| (in thousands)
Operating income | $ | 76,877 |  |  | $ | 27,895 |  |  | $ | 56,997 |  |  | $ | 12,373 |
Purchase accounting amortization | — |  |  | 3,895 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,886 |
Cyber Event impact | (225) |  |  | (156) |  |  | 554 |  |  | 415 |
Restructuring, asset impairment, severance, and other, net | 562 |  |  | (232) |  |  | 1,070 |  |  | 131 |
AOI | $ | 77,214 |  |  | $ | 31,402 |  |  | $ | 58,621 |  |  | $ | 16,805 |

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NOTE 11 – SUPPLEMENTAL CASH FLOW INFORMATION
Supplemental cash flow information for the nine months ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023 is presented in the following table:

| Nine Months Ended
| September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
| (in thousands)
Cash paid for interest | $ | 13,659 |  |  | $ | 17,603 |
Cash paid for income taxes, net of refunds | 25,905 |  |  | 17,588 |

See Note 7 entitled “Leases” for additional supplemental disclosures related to finance and operating leases.
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NOTE 12 – INCOME TAXES
The Company determines its provision for income taxes for interim periods using an estimate of its annual effective tax rate (“AETR”) and records any changes affecting the estimated AETR in the interim period in which the change occurs, including discrete tax items.
During the nine months ended September 29, 2024, the Company recorded a total income tax provision of $21.0 million on pre-tax income of $86.2 million resulting in an effective tax rate of 24.4%, as compared to a total income tax provision of $11.7 million on pre-tax income of $36.7 million resulting in an effective tax rate of 32.0% during the nine months ended October 1, 2023. The decrease in the effective tax rate for the period ended September 29, 2024, as compared to the period ended October 1, 2023, was primarily due to the release of the valuation allowance on interest expense carryforwards, favorable changes related to the limitation on the deduction of business interest expense under Internal Revenue Code section 163(j), an increase in tax benefits related to share-based compensation, and prior period non-deductible charges related to the substantial liquidation of subsidiaries in Brazil and Russia that occurred during the nine months ended October 1, 2023. These favorable changes were partially offset by a decrease in U.S. tax benefits related to foreign tax credit utilization, foreign derived intangible income, and the repatriation of previously taxed foreign earnings realized during the nine months ended October 1, 2023.
On December 20, 2021, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (“OECD”) published Pillar Two Model Rules defining the global minimum tax, which calls for the taxation of large corporations at a minimum rate of 15%. The OECD has since issued administrative guidance providing transition and safe harbor rules around the implementation of the Pillar Two global minimum tax. Many non-U.S. tax jurisdictions have either recently enacted legislation to adopt certain components of the Pillar Two Model Rules beginning in 2024 (including the European Union Member States) with the adoption of additional components in later years or announced their plans to enact legislation in future years. For fiscal year 2024, we expect to meet the Transitional Country-by-Country (CbCR) Safe Harbor rules for most if not all jurisdictions and do not expect these provisions to have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements. We will continue to closely monitor ongoing developments and evaluate any potential impact on future periods.
In the first nine months of 2024, the Company increased its liability for unrecognized tax benefits by $0.4 million. As of September 29, 2024, the Company had accrued approximately $5.3 million for unrecognized tax benefits. In accordance with applicable accounting standards, the Company’s deferred tax asset as of September 29, 2024, reflects a reduction of $2.8 million of these unrecognized tax benefits.
Unrecognized tax benefits are reviewed on an ongoing basis and are adjusted for changing facts and circumstances, including the progress of tax audits and the closing of statutes of limitations. While it is reasonably possible that some of the unrecognized tax benefits will be recognized within the next 12 months, the Company does not expect the recognition of such amounts will have a material impact on the Company’s financial results.
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NOTE 13 – ITEMS RECLASSIFIED FROM ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
Amounts reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive loss (“AOCL”), before tax, to the consolidated condensed statements of operations during the three and nine months ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023 are reflected in the tables below:

|  |  | Three Months Ended
| Statement of Operations Location |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
|  |  | (in thousands)
Loss on foreign subsidiary liquidation(1) | Other expense, net |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (6,221) |
Interest rate swap contracts loss | Interest expense |  | — |  |  | (196) |
Amortization of benefit plan net actuarial losses and prior service cost | Other expense, net |  | (379) |  |  | (198) |
Total loss reclassified from AOCL |  |  | $ | (379) |  |  | $ | (6,615) |

|  |  | Nine Months Ended
| Statement of Operations Location |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
|  |  | (in thousands)
Loss on foreign subsidiary liquidation(1) | Other expense, net |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (6,221) |
Interest rate swap contracts loss | Interest expense |  | — |  |  | (982) |
Amortization of benefit plan net actuarial losses and prior service cost | Other expense, net |  | (1,124) |  |  | (585) |
Total loss reclassified from AOCL |  |  | $ | (1,124) |  |  | $ | (7,788) |

(1) The Company’s foreign subsidiaries in Russia and Brazil were substantially liquidated during the three months ended October 1, 2023, and the cumulative foreign currency translation losses associated with these entities were recognized in the consolidated condensed statements of operations. The tax impact of the cumulative foreign currency translation reclassification was approximately $1.1 million.
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NOTE 14 – ASSETS DISPOSED
During the second quarter of 2023, pursuant to a previously announced plan of reorganization, the Company completed the sale of its Thailand manufacturing facility for a selling price of $6.6 million and recognized a gain of $2.7 million. The gain attributable to the EAAA reportable segment was recorded in restructuring, asset impairment, and other gains, net, in the consolidated condensed statements of operations.
The Company determined that the Thailand facility sale did not meet the criteria for classification as discontinued operations.
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NOTE 15 – COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
From time to time, we are a party to legal proceedings, whether arising in the ordinary course of business or otherwise. See disclosure under the heading “Lawsuit by Former CEO in Connection with Termination” set forth in Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Our discussions below in this Item 2 are based upon the more detailed discussions about our business, operations and financial condition included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, under Part II, Item 7 of that Form 10-K. Our discussions here focus on our results during the quarter and nine months ended September 29, 2024, or as of, September 29, 2024, and the comparable periods of 2023, and to the extent applicable, any material changes from the information discussed in that Form 10-K or other important intervening developments or information since that time. These discussions should be read in conjunction with that Form 10-K for more detailed and background information. The nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023 both include 39 weeks. The three-month periods ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023 both include 13 weeks.
Forward-Looking Statements
This report contains statements which may constitute “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended by the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Important factors currently known to management that could cause actual results to differ materially from those in forward-looking statements include risks and uncertainties associated with the economic conditions in the commercial interiors industry as well as the risks and uncertainties discussed under the heading “Risk Factors” included in Part I, Item 1A of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise forward-looking statements to reflect changed assumptions, the occurrence of unanticipated events or changes to future operating results over time.
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Executive Overview
During the quarter ended September 29, 2024, we had consolidated net sales of $344.3 million, up 10.7% compared to $311.0 million in the third quarter last year, primarily due to higher customer demand — particularly in the retail and education market segments. Consolidated operating income was $42.2 million for the third quarter of 2024 compared to $31.0 million in the third quarter last year, primarily due to higher sales and higher gross profit margin as a result of higher sales volume, raw material cost deflation, and favorable fixed cost absorption. Consolidated net income for the quarter ended September 29, 2024, was $28.4 million or $0.48 per diluted share, compared to $9.9 million or $0.17 per diluted share in the third quarter last year.
During the first nine months of 2024, we had consolidated net sales of $980.6 million, up 4.7% compared to $936.4 million in the first nine months of last year, primarily due to higher customer demand — particularly in the education, retail, and residential living market segments partially offset by decreases in the healthcare and hospitality market segments. Consolidated operating income was $104.8 million for the first nine months of 2024, compared to $69.4 million in the same period last year, primarily due to higher sales and higher gross profit margin as a result of higher average sales prices and raw material cost deflation. Consolidated net income for the nine months ended September 29, 2024, was $65.2 million or $1.11 per diluted share, compared to $25.0 million or $0.43 per diluted share in the same period last year.
Cybersecurity Event
As previously disclosed in our current report on Form 8-K filed with the Commission on November 23, 2022, we discovered a cybersecurity attack on November 20, 2022, perpetrated by unauthorized third parties, affecting our IT systems. The investigation of the Cyber Event was completed in fiscal year 2023. We have cyber risk insurance and have recovered $0.5 million of our costs and expenses during the nine months ended September 29, 2024. We anticipate that additional costs, expenses or losses related to the Cyber Event will ultimately be recovered by insurance.
Impact of Macroeconomic Trends
Recent disruptions in economic markets due to inflation, high interest rates, the Russia-Ukraine war and the Israel-Hamas war, a fairly stabilized but still challenging supply chain environment, slow market conditions in certain parts of the globe, and significant financial pressures in the commercial office market globally, all pose challenges which may adversely affect our future performance. To mitigate these impacts, we plan to continue evaluating our cost structure and global manufacturing footprint to identify and activate opportunities to decrease costs and optimize our global cost structure.
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Analysis of Results of Operations
Consolidated Results
The following table presents, as a percentage of net sales, certain items included in our consolidated condensed statements of operations for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023:

| Three Months Ended |  | Nine Months Ended
| September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
Net sales | 100.0 | % |  | 100.0 | % |  | 100.0 | % |  | 100.0 | %
Cost of sales | 62.9 |  |  | 64.5 |  |  | 63.2 |  |  | 66.0 |
Gross profit | 37.1 |  |  | 35.5 |  |  | 36.8 |  |  | 34.0 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 24.8 |  |  | 25.5 |  |  | 26.1 |  |  | 26.8 |
Restructuring, asset impairment, and other gains, net | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (0.3) |
Operating income | 12.3 |  |  | 10.0 |  |  | 10.7 |  |  | 7.5 |
Interest/Other expense, net | 1.8 |  |  | 4.8 |  |  | 1.9 |  |  | 3.5 |
Income before income tax expense | 10.5 |  |  | 5.2 |  |  | 8.8 |  |  | 4.0 |
Income tax expense | 2.2 |  |  | 2.0 |  |  | 2.1 |  |  | 1.3 |
Net income | 8.3 | % |  | 3.2 | % |  | 6.7 | % |  | 2.7 | %

Consolidated Net Sales
Below is information regarding our consolidated net sales, and analysis of those results, for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024, and October 1, 2023:

| Three Months Ended |  | Percentage Change |  | Nine Months Ended |  | Percentage Change
| September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |
| (in thousands) |  |  |  | (in thousands) |  |
Consolidated net sales | $ | 344,270 |  |  | $ | 311,006 |  |  | 10.7 | % |  | $ | 980,648 |  |  | $ | 936,380 |  |  | 4.7 | %

For the quarter ended September 29, 2024, consolidated net sales increased $33.3 million (10.7%) versus the comparable period in 2023, primarily due to higher sales volume (approximately 9%) and higher average sales prices (approximately 2%). Currency fluctuations had a positive impact on consolidated net sales of approximately $1.4 million (0.4%) for the third quarter of 2024, due primarily to the strengthening of the Euro, Australian dollar, and British Pound sterling against the U.S. dollar. On a market segment basis, the sales increase was primarily in the retail, education, corporate office, residential living, and public buildings market segments partially offset by decreases in the hospitality and healthcare market segments.
For the nine months ended September 29, 2024, consolidated net sales increased $44.3 million (4.7%) versus the comparable period in 2023, primarily due to higher volume (approximately 3%) and higher average sales prices (approximately 2%). Currency fluctuations had a negative impact on consolidated net sales of approximately $0.7 million (0.1%) for the first nine months of 2024, due to the weakening of the Chinese Renminbi, Canadian dollar, and Australian dollar against the U.S. dollar partially offset by the strengthening of the British Pound sterling against the U.S. dollar. On a market segment basis, the sales increase was primarily in the education, retail, residential living, and public buildings market segments partially offset by decreases in the healthcare and hospitality market segments.
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Consolidated Cost and Expenses
The following table presents our consolidated cost of sales and selling, general and administrative expenses for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024, and October 1, 2023:

| Three Months Ended |  | Percentage Change |  | Nine Months Ended |  | Percentage Change
| September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |
| (in thousands) |  |  |  | (in thousands) |  |
Consolidated cost of sales | $ | 216,645 |  |  | $ | 200,748 |  |  | 7.9 | % |  | $ | 620,005 |  |  | $ | 618,463 |  |  | 0.2 | %
Consolidated selling, general and administrative expenses | 85,450 |  |  | 79,273 |  |  | 7.8 | % |  | 255,871 |  |  | 251,049 |  |  | 1.9 | %

Consolidated Cost of Sales
For the quarter ended September 29, 2024, consolidated cost of sales increased $15.9 million (7.9%) compared to the third quarter of 2023, primarily due to higher sales partially offset by raw material cost deflation and favorable fixed cost absorption. Currency translation had a negative impact on consolidated cost of sales in the third quarter of 2024 and partially increased our costs by approximately $0.9 million (0.4%) compared to the same period last year. As a percentage of net sales, our cost of sales decreased to 62.9% for the third quarter of 2024 versus 64.5% for the third quarter of 2023.
For the nine months ended September 29, 2024, consolidated cost of sales increased $1.5 million (0.2%) versus the comparable period in 2023, primarily due to higher sales partially offset by raw material cost deflation. Currency translation had a positive impact on consolidated cost of sales for the first nine months of 2024 and partially reduced our costs by approximately $0.6 million (0.1%) compared to the same period last year. As a percentage of net sales, our cost of sales decreased to 63.2% for the first nine months of 2024 versus 66.0% for the first nine months of 2023.
Consolidated Gross Profit
For the quarter ended September 29, 2024, gross profit, as a percentage of net sales, was 37.1% compared with 35.5% in the same period last year. The increase in gross profit percentage was primarily due to lower costs (approximately 2%) driven by raw material cost deflation and lower fixed costs per unit due to higher volume.
For the nine months ended September 29, 2024, gross profit, as a percentage of net sales, was 36.8% compared with 34.0% in the same period last year. The increase in gross profit percentage was primarily due to raw material cost deflation (approximately 2%) and higher average sales prices (approximately 1%).
Consolidated Selling, General and Administrative (“SG&A”) Expenses
For the quarter ended September 29, 2024, consolidated SG&A expenses increased $6.2 million (7.8%) versus the comparable period in 2023. Currency fluctuations had no material impact on consolidated SG&A expenses in the third quarter of 2024 compared to the same period last year. SG&A expenses were higher for the third quarter of 2024 primarily due to higher people costs of $5.7 million driven by increased variable compensation as a result of higher operating income compared to the same period last year. As a percentage of net sales, SG&A expenses decreased to 24.8% for the third quarter of 2024 versus 25.5% for the third quarter of 2023.
For the nine months ended September 29, 2024, consolidated SG&A expenses increased $4.8 million (1.9%) versus the comparable period in 2023. Currency translation had no material impact on consolidated SG&A expenses in the first nine months of 2024 compared to the same period last year. SG&A expenses were higher for the first nine months of 2024 primarily due to (i) higher people costs of $12.2 million driven by the factors discussed above for the current quarter, partially offset by (ii) lower professional fees of $3.6 million primarily due to lower non-recurring consulting expenses, (iii) lower severance costs of $2.8 million driven by employee headcount reduction and cost saving initiatives in the prior year period, and (iv) lower Cyber Event costs of $1.4 million due to completion of the investigation in the prior year. As a percentage of net sales, SG&A expenses decreased to 26.1% for the first nine months of 2024 versus 26.8% for the first nine months of 2023.
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Assets Disposed
During the second quarter of 2023, the Company completed the sale of its Thailand manufacturing facility and recognized a gain of $2.7 million.
See Note 14 entitled “Assets Disposed” of Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information.
Other Expense, net
During the nine months ended September 29, 2024, the Company received insurance proceeds of approximately $2.4 million related to a property casualty loss that occurred in fiscal year 2023. The insurance proceeds were recognized in other expense, net, in the consolidated condensed statements of operations. During the quarter ended October 1, 2023, the Company substantially liquidated its foreign subsidiaries in Brazil and Russia and $6.2 million of cumulative translation adjustments were reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive loss and recognized in other expense, net, in the consolidated condensed statements of operations.
Interest Expense
During the quarter ended September 29, 2024, interest expense was $5.7 million, a decrease of $2.4 million from the comparable period in 2023, primarily due to lower outstanding term loan borrowings under the Facility. For the nine months ended September 29, 2024, interest expense was $18.3 million, a decrease of $6.7 million from the comparable period in 2023, primarily due to lower outstanding term loan borrowings as discussed above.
Provision for Income Taxes
The effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 29, 2024, was 21.2% and 24.4%, respectively, compared to 38.7% and 32.0% for the same periods in 2023. The effective tax rate for 2024 was positively impacted by the release of a valuation allowance on interest expense carryforwards, utilization of previously unrealized interest expense carryforwards and an increase in tax benefits related to share-based compensation, partially offset by a decrease in U.S. tax benefits related to foreign tax credit utilization, foreign derived intangible income, and the repatriation of previously taxed foreign earnings. The effective tax rate for 2023 was negatively impacted by the limitation on the deductibility of interest expense under Internal Revenue Code section 163(j) and non-deductible charges related to the substantial liquidation of subsidiaries in Brazil and Russia.
Segment Operating Results
During the first quarter of 2024, the Company implemented a cost center realignment initiative to centralize certain global/shared functions. For the three and nine months ended September 29, 2024, SG&A expenses for these global support functions were allocated to adjusted operating income (“AOI”) for each reportable segment consistent with the allocation methodology used to allocate corporate overhead in prior periods. Prior year AOI amounts below were not recast as there was no material impact to the measure of segment profit for each reportable segment. There were no changes to the composition of the Company’s operating or reportable segments.
AMS Segment – Net Sales and AOI
The following table presents AMS segment net sales and AOI for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024, and October 1, 2023:

| Three Months Ended |  | Percentage Change |  | Nine Months Ended |  | Percentage Change
| September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |
| (in thousands) |  |  |  | (in thousands) |  |
AMS segment net sales | $ | 210,155 |  |  | $ | 178,194 |  |  | 17.9 | % |  | $ | 595,082 |  |  | $ | 548,716 |  |  | 8.4 | %
AMS segment AOI(1) | 32,187 |  |  | 23,318 |  |  | 38.0 | % |  | 77,214 |  |  | 58,621 |  |  | 31.7 | %

(1) Includes allocation of corporate SG&A expenses and allocation of global support SG&A expenses as discussed above. Excludes Cyber Event impact and restructuring, asset impairment, severance, and other, net. See Note 10 entitled “Segment Information” of Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information.
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During the third quarter of 2024, net sales in AMS increased 17.9% versus the comparable period in 2023, primarily due to higher sales volume and average sales prices. On a market segment basis, the AMS sales increase was primarily in the retail, education, corporate office, and public buildings market segments.
During the first nine months of 2024, net sales in AMS increased 8.4% versus the comparable period in 2023, primarily due to higher sales volume and average sales prices. On a market segment basis, the AMS sales increase was primarily in education, retail, public buildings, and residential living market segments partially offset by decreases in the healthcare market segment.
AOI in AMS increased 38.0% during the third quarter of 2024 compared to the prior year period, primarily due to higher sales and higher gross profit driven by raw material cost deflation and favorable fixed cost absorption. As a percentage of net sales, AOI increased to 15.3% during the third quarter of 2024 compared to 13.1% in the same period last year.
AOI in AMS increased 31.7% during the first nine months of 2024 compared to the prior year period, primarily due to higher sales and higher gross profit driven by raw material cost deflation. As a percentage of net sales, AOI increased to 13.0% during the first nine months of 2024 compared to 10.7% in the same period last year.
EAAA Segment – Net Sales and AOI
The following table presents EAAA segment net sales and AOI for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024, and October 1, 2023:

| Three Months Ended |  | Percentage Change |  | Nine Months Ended |  | Percentage Change
| September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |  |  | September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023 |
| (in thousands) |  |  |  | (in thousands) |  |
EAAA segment net sales | $ | 134,115 |  |  | $ | 132,812 |  |  | 1.0 | % |  | $ | 385,566 |  |  | $ | 387,664 |  |  | (0.5) | %
EAAA segment AOI(1) | 11,299 |  |  | 9,049 |  |  | 24.9 | % |  | 31,402 |  |  | 16,805 |  |  | 86.9 | %

(1) Includes allocation of corporate SG&A expenses and allocation of global support SG&A expenses as discussed above. Excludes purchase accounting amortization, Cyber Event impact, and restructuring, asset impairment, severance and other, net. See Note 10 entitled “Segment Information” of Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for additional information.
During the third quarter of 2024, net sales in EAAA increased 1.0% versus the comparable period in 2023. Currency fluctuations had a positive impact on EAAA sales of approximately $1.6 million (1.2%) for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the same period last year due to the strengthening of the Euro, Australian dollar, and the British Pound sterling against the U.S. dollar. On a market segment basis, the EAAA sales increase was primarily in the education and residential living market segments partially offset by decreases in the hospitality and corporate office market segments.
During the first nine months of 2024, net sales in EAAA decreased 0.5% versus the comparable period in 2023, primarily due to lower sales volume. Currency fluctuations had no material impact on EAAA sales for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the same period last year. On a market segment basis, the EAAA sales decrease was primarily in the public buildings, hospitality, and healthcare market segments partially offset by increases in the corporate office, education, and residential living market segments.
AOI in EAAA increased 24.9% during the third quarter of 2024 versus the comparable period in 2023, primarily due to higher gross profit driven by raw material cost deflation. Currency fluctuations had no material impact on EAAA AOI for the third quarter of 2024 compared to the same period last year. As a percentage of net sales, AOI increased to 8.4% during the third quarter of 2024 compared to 6.8% in the same period last year.
AOI in EAAA increased 86.9% during the first nine months of 2024 versus the comparable period in 2023, primarily due to higher gross profit driven by raw material cost deflation. Currency fluctuations had no material impact on EAAA AOI for the first nine months of 2024 compared to the same period in 2023. As a percentage of net sales, AOI increased to 8.1% during the first nine months of 2024 compared to 4.3% in the same period last year.
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Financial Condition, Liquidity and Capital Resources
General
At September 29, 2024, the Company had $115.6 million in cash. At that date, the Company had $41.2 million in term loan borrowings, no revolving loan borrowings, and $0.7 million in letters of credit outstanding under our Facility, and we had $300.0 million of Senior Notes outstanding. As of September 29, 2024, we had additional borrowing capacity of $299.3 million under the Facility. We anticipate that our liquidity is sufficient to meet our obligations for the next 12 months, and we expect to generate sufficient cash to meet our long-term obligations.
The Senior Notes are unsecured and are guaranteed, jointly and severally, by each of the Company’s material domestic subsidiaries, all of which also guarantee the obligations of the Company under its Facility. The Company’s foreign subsidiaries and certain non-material domestic subsidiaries are considered non-guarantors. Net sales for the non-guarantor subsidiaries were approximately $149 million and $427 million for the three-month and nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024, respectively, and net sales for the non-guarantor subsidiaries were approximately $148 million and $431 million for the three-month and nine-month periods ended October 1, 2023, respectively. Total indebtedness of the non-guarantor subsidiaries was approximately $130 million and $133 million as of September 29, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.
Balance Sheet
Accounts receivable, net, were $173.9 million at September 29, 2024, compared to $163.4 million at December 31, 2023. The increase of $10.5 million was primarily due to the impact of higher net sales as a result of increased customer demand in 2024.
Inventories, net, were $283.1 million at September 29, 2024, compared to $279.1 million at December 31, 2023. The increase of $4.0 million was primarily due to finished goods inventory build attributable to higher expected customer demand in the remainder of 2024, partially offset by lower raw material costs.
Analysis of Cash Flows
The following table presents a summary of cash flows for the nine-month periods ended September 29, 2024 and October 1, 2023, respectively:

| Nine Months Ended
| September 29, 2024 |  | October 1, 2023
| (in thousands)
Net cash provided by (used in): |  |  |
Operating activities | $ | 110,387 |  |  | $ | 114,217 |
Investing activities | (16,694) |  |  | (10,645) |
Financing activities | (89,545) |  |  | (80,847) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash | 955 |  |  | (656) |
Net change in cash and cash equivalents | 5,103 |  |  | 22,069 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 110,498 |  |  | 97,564 |
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period | $ | 115,601 |  |  | $ | 119,633 |

Cash provided by operating activities was $110.4 million for the nine months ended September 29, 2024, which represents a decrease of $3.8 million from the prior year comparable period. Higher sales during the first nine months of 2024 contributed to higher accounts receivable balances resulting in a use of cash for the current period. The prior year comparable period includes a source of cash from accounts receivable collections compared with the first nine months of 2024, primarily attributable to delays in customer billings from the Cyber Event, in which those delayed billings were collected in the first quarter of 2023. Additionally, the increase in inventories during the first nine months of 2024, as described above, resulted in a greater use of cash compared with the same period in the prior year.
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Cash used in investing activities was $16.7 million for the nine months ended September 29, 2024, which represents an increase of $6.0 million from the prior year comparable period. The increase was attributable to higher capital expenditures partially offset by cash proceeds received during the first nine months of 2024 from the sale of manufacturing equipment and insurance proceeds for property casualty losses. The first nine months of 2023 include cash proceeds of approximately $6.6 million from the sale of the Company’s Thailand manufacturing facility.
Cash used in financing activities was $89.5 million for the nine months ended September 29, 2024, which represents an increase of $8.7 million from the prior year comparable period. The increase was primarily attributable to higher prepayments of term loan borrowings during the first nine months of 2024 compared to the prior year period.
Outlook
Cash flows from operations, cash and cash equivalents, and other sources of liquidity are expected to be available and sufficient to meet foreseeable cash requirements. However, the Company’s cash flows from operations can be affected by numerous factors including raw material availability and cost, and demand for our products.
Backlog
As of October 20, 2024, the consolidated backlog of unshipped orders was approximately $242.3 million. As disclosed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, backlog was approximately $195.5 million as of February 4, 2024. Disruptions in supply and distribution chains have resulted in delays of construction projects and flooring installations in many regions worldwide, which have also caused, and may continue to cause, fluctuations in our backlog.
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The discussion below in this Item 3 is based upon the more detailed discussions of our market risk and related matters included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023, under Part II, Item 7A of that Form 10-K. The discussion here focuses on the nine months ended September 29, 2024, and any material changes from (or other important intervening developments since the time of) the information discussed in that Form 10-K. This discussion should be read in conjunction with that Form 10-K for more detailed and background information.
Sensitivity Analysis
For purposes of specific risk analysis, we use sensitivity analysis to measure the impact that market risk may have on the fair values of our market sensitive instruments. To perform sensitivity analysis, we assess the risk of loss in fair values associated with the impact of hypothetical changes in interest rates and foreign currency exchange rates on market sensitive instruments.
Because the debt outstanding under our Facility has variable interest rates based on an underlying prime lending rate, SOFR, or other benchmark rate, we do not believe changes in interest rates would have any significant impact on the fair value of that debt instrument. Changes in the underlying prime lending rate, SOFR, or other benchmark rate would, however, impact the amount of our interest expense. For a discussion of these hypothetical impacts on our interest expense, please see the discussion in Part II, Item 7A of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2023.
As of September 29, 2024, based on a hypothetical immediate 100 basis point increase in interest rates, with all other variables held constant, the fair value of our fixed rate long-term debt would be impacted by a net decrease of $10.6 million. Conversely, a 100 basis point decrease in interest rates would result in a net increase in the fair value of our fixed rate long-term debt of $7.0 million.
As of September 29, 2024, a 10% decrease or increase in the levels of foreign currency exchange rates against the U.S. dollar, with all other variables held constant, would result in a respective decrease or increase in the net fair value of our financial instruments of $12.9 million. As the impact of offsetting changes in the fair market value of our net foreign investments is not included in the sensitivity model, these results are not indicative of our actual exposure to foreign currency exchange risk.
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ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
As of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, an evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rule 13a-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the “Act”), pursuant to Rule 13a-14(c) under the Act.
No system of controls, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the system of controls are met, and no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that the system of controls has operated effectively in all cases. Our disclosure controls and procedures however are designed to provide reasonable assurance that the objectives of disclosure controls and procedures are met.
Based on the evaluation, our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Vice President and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this Quarterly Report to provide reasonable assurance that the objectives of disclosure controls and procedures are met.
There were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting that occurred during our last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time, we are a party to legal proceedings, whether arising in the ordinary course of business or otherwise. See Note 15 of Part I, Item 1 of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements included in Item 8 of the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
In addition to the other information set forth in this report, you should carefully consider the risk factors disclosed in Part I, Item 1A, “Risk Factors,” of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2023.
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ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
The following table contains information with respect to purchases made by or on behalf of the Company, or any “affiliated purchaser” (as defined in Rule 10b-18(a)(3) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934), of our common stock during our third quarter ended September 29, 2024:

Period(1) |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased |  | Average Price Paid Per Share |  | Total Number of Shares Purchased as Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs(2) |  | Approximate Dollar Value of Shares that May Yet Be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs(2)
July 1 – July 28, 2024(3) |  | 364 |  |  | $ | 14.68 |  |  | — |  |  | $ | 82,828,595 |
July 29 – August 25, 2024(3) |  | 477 |  |  | 16.70 |  |  | — |  |  | 82,828,595 |
August 26 – September 29, 2024 |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 82,828,595 |
Total |  | 841 |  |  | $ | 15.83 |  |  | — |  |  |

(1) The monthly periods identified above correspond to the Company’s fiscal third quarter of 2024, which commenced July 1, 2024 and ended September 29, 2024.
(2) On May 17, 2022, the Company announced a share repurchase program authorizing the repurchase of up to $100 million of common stock. The program has no specific expiration date. There were no shares repurchased pursuant to this program during the Company’s fiscal third quarter of 2024.
(3) Comprised of shares received by the Company from employees to satisfy income tax withholding obligations in connection with the vesting of previous equity awards.
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ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
During the three months ended September 29, 2024, one of our directors, Daniel T. Hendrix, adopted a Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement for the potential sale of our common stock in amounts and prices determined in accordance with such plan, as outlined in the table below:

Name and Title |  | Action |  | Date Adopted |  | Expiration Date |  | Aggregate Number of Securities to be Purchased / Sold
Daniel T. Hendrix, Director |  | Adoption of Rule 10b5-1 Plan(1) |  | September 4, 2024 |  | May 30, 2025 |  | 75,000 |

(1) Intended to satisfy the affirmative defense conditions of Rule 10b5-1(c) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.
Transactions in our securities by directors or officers of Interface or its subsidiaries are required to be made in accordance with our Insider Trading Policy, which incorporates applicable U.S. federal securities laws that prohibit trading Interface common stock and other Company securities while aware of material non-public information about Interface.
Except as set forth above, during the three months ended September 29, 2024, no other director or officer (as defined in Rule 16a-1(f) of the Exchange Act) of the Company adopted or terminated a “Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement” or “non-Rule 10b5-1 trading arrangement,” as each term is defined in Item 408 of Regulation S-K.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES
Not applicable.
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ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
The following exhibits are filed or furnished with this report:

Exhibit Number | Description of Exhibit
10.1 | S tansfield Tax Equalization Agreement dated as of October 15, 2024 (included as Exhibit 99.1 to the Company’s current report on Form 8-K filed on October 2 1, 2024, previously filed with the Commission and incorporat ed herein by reference).*
31.1 | Section 302 Certification of Chief Executive Officer.
31.2 | Section 302 Certification of Chief Financial Officer.
32.1 | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350.
32.2 | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 1350.
101.INS | XBRL Instance Document – The Instance Document does not appear in the Interactive Data Files because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document.
101.SCH | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.
101.CAL | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.
101.LAB | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.
101.PRE | XBRL Taxonomy Presentation Linkbase Document.
101.DEF | XBRL Taxonomy Definition Linkbase Document.
104 | The cover page from this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 29, 2024, formatted in Inline XBRL
* | Management contract or compensatory plan or agreement.

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SIGNATURE
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

| INTERFACE, INC.
Date: November 5, 2024 | By: | /s/ Bruce A. Hausmann
|  | Bruce A. Hausmann Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer)

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