Note 27. Pledged assets


		December 31,		December 31,
Pledged assets	Pledged to secure	2019		2020
		(in thousands)
Restricted cash and time deposit (1)	Short-term secured borrowings	$	164,000	104,000
Restricted time deposits (1)	For customs duties		133	141
Land (2)	Long-term unsecured borrowings		-	27,500
Building and improvements (2)	Long-term unsecured borrowings		-	43,616
		$	164,133	175,257

Note (1): The pledged assets are booked as restricted deposits and classified as current or noncurrent by its liquidity.

Note (2): Guarantee and collateral for long-term unsecured borrowings.