10-Q 1 stba-2017331x10q.htm 10-Q
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, DC 20549
______________________________________
FORM 10-Q
______________________________________
(Mark One)

x | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017
OR

¨ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from To
Commission file number 0-12508
______________________________________
S&T BANCORP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
______________________________________

Pennsylvania |  | 25-1434426
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (IRS Employer Identification No.)
800 Philadelphia Street, Indiana, PA |  | 15701
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (zip code)

800-325-2265
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Not Applicable
(Former name, former address, and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (Section 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files). Yes x No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company or an emerging growth company. See the definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | x | Accelerated filer | ¨
Non-accelerated filer | ¨ (Do not check if a smaller reporting company) | Smaller reporting company | ¨
|  | Emerging growth company | ¨
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No x
APPLICABLE ONLY TO CORPORATE ISSUERS:
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practical date.
Common Stock, $2.50 Par Value - 34,980,556 shares as of April 30, 2017

Table of Contents
S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
INDEX
S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES

|  | Page No.
PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Financial Statements |
| Consolidated Balance Sheets - March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 | 2
| Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income - Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 | 3
| Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders' Equity - Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 | 4
| Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows - Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 | 5
| Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements | 6
Item 2. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 35
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk | 51
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 53
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION |
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 54
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 54
Item 2. | Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds | 54
Item 3. | Defaults Upon Senior Securities | 54
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 54
Item 5. | Other Information | 54
Item 6. | Exhibits | 54
| Signatures | 55

1

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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands, except per share data) | (Unaudited) |  | (Audited)
ASSETS |  |  |
Cash and due from banks, including interest-bearing deposits of $47,469 and $87,201 at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 | $ | 104,705 |  |  | $ | 139,486 |
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value | 713,198 |  |  | 693,487 |
Loans held for sale | 14,355 |  |  | 3,793 |
Portfolio loans, net of unearned income | 5,746,826 |  |  | 5,611,419 |
Allowance for loan losses | (55,816 | ) |  | (52,775 | )
Portfolio loans, net | 5,691,010 |  |  | 5,558,644 |
Bank owned life insurance | 72,574 |  |  | 72,081 |
Premises and equipment, net | 45,322 |  |  | 44,999 |
Federal Home Loan Bank and other restricted stock, at cost | 29,739 |  |  | 31,817 |
Goodwill | 291,670 |  |  | 291,670 |
Other intangible assets, net | 4,552 |  |  | 4,910 |
Other assets | 97,973 |  |  | 102,166 |
Total Assets | $ | 7,065,098 |  |  | $ | 6,943,053 |
LIABILITIES |  |  |
Deposits: |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing demand | $ | 1,300,707 |  |  | $ | 1,263,833 |
Interest-bearing demand | 631,652 |  |  | 638,300 |
Money market | 985,723 |  |  | 936,461 |
Savings | 1,032,864 |  |  | 1,050,131 |
Certificates of deposit | 1,484,379 |  |  | 1,383,652 |
Total Deposits | 5,435,325 |  |  | 5,272,377 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 46,987 |  |  | 50,832 |
Short-term borrowings | 610,000 |  |  | 660,000 |
Long-term borrowings | 14,118 |  |  | 14,713 |
Junior subordinated debt securities | 45,619 |  |  | 45,619 |
Other liabilities | 57,869 |  |  | 57,556 |
Total Liabilities | 6,209,918 |  |  | 6,101,097 |
SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |
Common stock ($2.50 par value) Authorized—50,000,000 shares Issued—36,130,480 shares at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 Outstanding— 34,980,556 shares at March 31, 2017 and 34,913,023 shares at December 31, 2016 | 90,326 |  |  | 90,326 |
Additional paid-in capital | 214,100 |  |  | 213,098 |
Retained earnings | 595,105 |  |  | 585,891 |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income | (12,596 | ) |  | (13,784 | )
Treasury stock (1,149,924 shares at March 31, 2017 and 1,217,457 shares at December 31, 2016, at cost) | (31,755 | ) |  | (33,575 | )
Total Shareholders’ Equity | 855,180 |  |  | 841,956 |
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity | $ | 7,065,098 |  |  | $ | 6,943,053 |

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
2

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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands, except per share data) | 2017 |  | 2016
INTEREST INCOME |  |  |
Loans, including fees | $ | 56,900 |  |  | $ | 51,158 |
Investment Securities: |  |  |
Taxable | 2,848 |  |  | 2,553 |
Tax-exempt | 920 |  |  | 942 |
Dividends | 482 |  |  | 366 |
Total Interest Income | 61,150 |  |  | 55,019 |
INTEREST EXPENSE |  |  |
Deposits | 5,379 |  |  | 4,254 |
Borrowings and junior subordinated debt securities | 1,893 |  |  | 1,128 |
Total Interest Expense | 7,272 |  |  | 5,382 |
NET INTEREST INCOME | 53,878 |  |  | 49,637 |
Provision for loan losses | 5,183 |  |  | 5,014 |
Net Interest Income After Provision for Loan Losses | 48,695 |  |  | 44,623 |
NONINTEREST INCOME |  |  |
Securities gains (losses), net | 370 |  |  | — |
Service charges on deposit accounts | 3,014 |  |  | 2,999 |
Debit and credit card fees | 2,843 |  |  | 2,786 |
Wealth management fees | 2,403 |  |  | 2,752 |
Insurance fees | 1,464 |  |  | 1,774 |
Mortgage banking | 733 |  |  | 529 |
Gain on sale of credit card portfolio | — |  |  | 2,066 |
Other | 2,169 |  |  | 2,911 |
Total Noninterest Income | 12,996 |  |  | 15,817 |
NONINTEREST EXPENSE |  |  |
Salaries and employee benefits | 20,541 |  |  | 20,902 |
Net occupancy | 2,815 |  |  | 2,950 |
Data processing | 2,251 |  |  | 2,111 |
Furniture and equipment | 2,047 |  |  | 1,929 |
FDIC insurance | 1,123 |  |  | 940 |
Professional services and legal | 1,043 |  |  | 947 |
Other taxes | 976 |  |  | 1,100 |
Marketing | 754 |  |  | 901 |
Other | 5,258 |  |  | 6,636 |
Total Noninterest Expense | 36,808 |  |  | 38,416 |
Income Before Taxes | 24,883 |  |  | 22,024 |
Provision for income taxes | 6,695 |  |  | 5,931 |
Net Income | $ | 18,188 |  |  | $ | 16,093 |
Earnings per share—basic |  | $0.52 |  |  |  | $0.46 |
Earnings per share—diluted |  | $0.52 |  |  |  | $0.46 |
Dividends declared per share |  | $0.20 |  |  |  | $0.19 |
Comprehensive Income | $ | 19,376 |  |  | $ | 24,434 |

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
3

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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY
(Unaudited)

(dollars in thousands, except share and per share data) | Common Stock |  | Additional Paid-in Capital |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive (Loss)/Income |  | Treasury Stock |  | Total
Balance at January 1, 2016 | $ | 90,326 |  |  | $ | 210,545 |  |  | $ | 544,228 |  |  | $ | (16,457 | ) |  | $ | (36,405 | ) |  | $ | 792,237 |
Net income for three months ended March 31, 2016 | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,093 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,093 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 8,341 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,341 |
Cash dividends declared ($0.19 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,601 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,601 | )
Treasury stock issued for restricted awards (90,836 shares, net of 0 forfeitures) | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,491 | ) |  | — |  |  | 2,491 |  |  | — |
Recognition of restricted stock compensation expense | — |  |  | 731 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 731 |
Balance at March 31, 2016 | $ | 90,326 |  |  | $ | 211,276 |  |  | $ | 551,229 |  |  | $ | (8,116 | ) |  | $ | (33,914 | ) |  | $ | 810,801 |
Balance at January 1, 2017 | $ | 90,326 |  |  | $ | 213,098 |  |  | $ | 585,891 |  |  | $ | (13,784 | ) |  | $ | (33,575 | ) |  | $ | 841,956 |
Net income for three months ended March 31, 2017 | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,188 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 18,188 |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,188 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,188 |
Cash dividends declared ($0.20 per share) | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,960 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,960 | )
Treasury stock issued for restricted awards (74,903 shares, net of 7,370 forfeitures) | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,014 | ) |  | — |  |  | 1,820 |  |  | (194 | )
Recognition of restricted stock compensation expense | — |  |  | 1,002 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,002 |
Balance at March 31, 2017 | $ | 90,326 |  |  | $ | 214,100 |  |  | $ | 595,105 |  |  | $ | (12,596 | ) |  | $ | (31,755 | ) |  | $ | 855,180 |

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
4

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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands) | 2017 |  | 2016
OPERATING ACTIVITIES |  |  |
Net income | $ | 18,188 |  |  | $ | 16,093 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities: |  |  |
Provision for loan losses | 5,183 |  |  | 5,014 |
Provision for unfunded loan commitments | (458 | ) |  | 125 |
Depreciation, amortization and accretion | 369 |  |  | 906 |
Net amortization of discounts and premiums on securities | 1,030 |  |  | 915 |
Restricted stock compensation expense | 1,002 |  |  | 731 |
Securities gains | (370 | ) |  | — |
Mortgage loans originated for sale | (15,694 | ) |  | (18,478 | )
Proceeds from the sale of mortgage loans | 16,575 |  |  | 19,014 |
Gain on the sale of mortgage loans, net | (193 | ) |  | (231 | )
Gain on the sale of credit card portfolio | — |  |  | (2,066 | )
Pension plan curtailment gain | — |  |  | (1,017 | )
Net increase in interest receivable | (62 | ) |  | (2,768 | )
Net (decrease) increase in interest payable | (435 | ) |  | 875 |
Net decrease (increase) in other assets | 3,404 |  |  | (714 | )
Net increase in other liabilities | 1,768 |  |  | 7,267 |
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities | 30,307 |  |  | 25,666 |
INVESTING ACTIVITIES |  |  |
Purchases of securities available-for-sale | (36,604 | ) |  | (25,168 | )
Proceeds from maturities, prepayments and calls of securities available-for-sale | 16,942 |  |  | 17,028 |
Proceeds from sales of securities available-for-sale | 582 |  |  | — |
Net proceeds from (purchases of) Federal Home Loan Bank stock | 2,078 |  |  | (305 | )
Net increase in loans | (151,438 | ) |  | (151,841 | )
Proceeds from sale of loans not originated for resale | 2,657 |  |  | — |
Purchases of premises and equipment | (745 | ) |  | (468 | )
Proceeds from the sale of premises and equipment | 16 |  |  | 3 |
Proceeds from the sale of credit card portfolio | — |  |  | 25,019 |
Net Cash Used in Investing Activities | (166,512 | ) |  | (135,732 | )
FINANCING ACTIVITIES |  |  |
Net increase in deposits | 62,219 |  |  | 13,688 |
Net increase in certificates of deposit | 100,799 |  |  | 128,885 |
Net decrease in securities sold under repurchase agreements | (3,845 | ) |  | (2,061 | )
Net decrease in short-term borrowings | (50,000 | ) |  | (1,000 | )
Repayments of long-term borrowings | (595 | ) |  | (575 | )
Treasury shares issued-net | (194 | ) |  | — |
Cash dividends paid to common shareholders | (6,960 | ) |  | (6,601 | )
Net Cash Provided by Financing Activities | 101,424 |  |  | 132,336 |
Net (decrease) increase in cash and cash equivalents | (34,781 | ) |  | 22,270 |
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period | 139,486 |  |  | 99,399 |
Cash and Cash Equivalents at End of Period | $ | 104,705 |  |  | $ | 121,669 |
Supplemental Disclosures |  |  |
Loans transferred from portfolio to held for sale | $ | 250 |  |  | $ | — |
Interest paid | $ | 7,706 |  |  | $ | 4,508 |
Income taxes paid, net of refunds | $ | 172 |  |  | $ | 1,794 |
Transfers of loans to other real estate owned | $ | 397 |  |  | $ | 49 |

See Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION
Principles of Consolidation
The interim Consolidated Financial Statements include the accounts of S&T Bancorp, Inc., or S&T, and its wholly owned subsidiaries. All significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. Investments of 20 percent to 50 percent of the outstanding common stock of investees are accounted for using the equity method of accounting.
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited interim Consolidated Financial Statements of S&T have been prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, in the United States for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the information and footnotes required by GAAP for complete financial statements and should be read in conjunction with audited consolidated financial statements included in our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on February 24, 2017. In the opinion of management, the accompanying interim financial information reflects all adjustments, including normal recurring adjustments, necessary to present fairly our financial position and the results of operations for each of the interim periods presented. Results of operations for interim periods are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that may be expected for a full year or any future period.
We previously reported in our annual report on Form 10-K, three reportable operating segments: Community Banking, Insurance and Wealth Management. We have reevaluated our segment reporting as of January 1, 2017 and have determined that Insurance and Wealth Management activities are not material to our consolidated financial results, therefore, we are no longer reporting segment information.
Reclassification
A mounts in prior period financial statements and footnotes are reclassified whenever necessary to conform to the current period presentation. Reclassifications had no effect on our results of operations or financial condition.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Recently Adopted Accounting Standards Updates, or ASU
Stock Compensation - Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting
On March 31, 2016 Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued ASU No. 2016-09, Improvements to Employee Share-Based Payment Accounting, which is intended to improve the accounting for share-based payment transactions as part of the FASB's simplification initiative. The ASU changes seven aspects of the accounting for share-based payment award transactions, including; 1. accounting for income taxes; 2. classification of excess tax benefits on the statement of cash flows; 3. forfeitures; 4. minimum statutory tax withholding requirements; 5. classification of employee taxes paid on the statement of cash flows when an employer withholds shares for tax-withholding purposes; 6. practical expedient - expected term (nonpublic only); and 7. intrinsic value (nonpublic only). This ASU is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016 and interim periods within those years for public business entities. The adoption of this ASU had no material impact on our results of operations or financial position.
Equity Method and Joint Ventures - Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-07, Simplifying the Transition to the Equity Method of Accounting, which eliminates the requirement for an investor to retroactively apply the equity method when its increase in ownership interest (or degree of influence) in an investee triggers equity method accounting. This ASU is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. The amendments will be applied prospectively upon their effective date to increases in the level of ownership interest or degree of influence that result in the adoption of the equity method. The adoption of this ASU had no impact on our results of operations or financial position.
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION - continued
Recently Issued Accounting Standards Updates not yet Adopted
Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs - Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities
In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-08, Receivables - Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs (Subtopic 310-20) - Premium Amortization on Purchased Callable Debt Securities. The amendments in this ASU affect all entities that hold investments in callable debt securities that have an amortized cost basis in excess of the amount that is repayable by the issuer at the earliest call date. This ASU shortens the amortization period for certain callable debt securities held at a premium. Specifically, the amendments require the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. The amendments do not require an accounting change for securities held at a discount, which continues to be amortized to maturity. This Update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. If an entity early adopts the amendments in an interim period, any adjustments should be reflected as of the beginning of the fiscal year that includes the interim period. We are evaluating the provisions of this ASU; however, we do not anticipate that this ASU will materially impact our results of operations and financial position.
Compensation - Retirement Benefits - Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Costs and Net Periodic Post Retirement Benefit Costs
In March 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-07, Compensation Retirement Benefits - Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Costs and Net Periodic Post retirement Benefit Costs (Topic 715). The main objective of this ASU is to provide financial statement users with clearer and disaggregated information related to the components of net periodic benefit cost and improve transparency of the presentation of net periodic benefit cost in the financial statements. This Update is effective for interim and annual reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual period for which financial statements have not been issued or made available for issuance. We are evaluating the provisions of this ASU to determine the potential impact on our results of operations and financial position.
Other Income - Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets - Clarifying the Scope of Assets Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets
In February 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, Other Income - Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (Subtopic 610-20). The main objective in this ASU is intended to provide greater detail on what types of transactions should be accounted for, as partial sales of nonfinancial assets. The scope of this ASU, as originally issued in ASU No. 2014-09 (described below), is intended to reduce the complexity of current GAAP requirements by clarifying which accounting guidance applies to various types of contracts that transfer assets or ownership interest to another entity. This Update is effective for interim and annual reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017 and at the same time that ASU No. 2014-09 is effective. Early adoption is permitted, but only as of annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2016, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. We are evaluating the provisions of this ASU to determine the potential impact on our results of operations and financial position.
Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other - Simplifying the Test for Goodwill Impairment (Topic 350). The main objective in this ASU is intended to simplify the current requirements for testing goodwill for impairment by eliminating step two from the goodwill impairment test. The amendments are expected to reduce the complexity and costs associated with performing the goodwill impairment test, which could result in recording impairment charges sooner than under the current guidance. This Update is effective for any interim and annual impairment tests in reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. We are evaluating the provisions of this ASU to determine the potential impact on our results of operations and financial position.
Business Combinations - Clarifying the Definition of a Business
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION - continued
In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, Business Combinations - Clarifying the Definition of a Business (Topic 805). The main objective in this ASU is to help financial statement preparers evaluate whether a set of transferred assets and activities (either acquired or disposed of) is a business under Topic 805, Business Combinations. Clarifying the Definition of a Business that changes the definition of a business to assist entities with evaluating when a set of transferred assets and activities is a business. The revised definition will result in fewer acquisitions being accounted for as business combinations than under today’s guidance. The definition of a business is significant because it affects the accounting for acquisitions, the identification of reporting units, consolidation evaluations and the accounting for dispositions. This Update is effective for interim and annual reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted for transactions not yet reflected in financial statements that have been issued or made available for issuance. We are evaluating the provisions of this ASU to determine the potential impact on our results of operations and financial position.
Income Taxes - Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory
In October 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-16, Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory. The main objective of this ASU is to require companies to recognize the income tax effects of intercompany sales and transfers of assets other than inventory in the period in which the transfer occurs. This represents a change from existing guidance, which requires companies to defer the income tax effects of intercompany transfers of assets until the asset has been sold to an outside party or otherwise recognized. The new guidance will require companies to defer the income tax effects only of intercompany transfers of inventory. This Update is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted as of the beginning of an annual period. If an entity chooses to early adopt the amendments in the ASU, it must do so in the first interim period of its annual financial statements. That is, an entity cannot adopt the amendments in the ASU in a later interim period and apply them as if they were in effect as of the beginning of the year. We are evaluating the provisions of this ASU to determine the potential impact on our results of operations and financial position.
Statement of Cash Flows - Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments
In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments. The main objective of this ASU is to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. The amendments in this Update provide guidance on the following eight specific cash flow issues: debt prepayment or debt extinguishment costs, settlement of zero-coupon debt instruments, contingent consideration payments made after a business combination, proceeds from the settlement of insurance claims, proceeds from the settlement of bank-owned life insurance (BOLI) policies, distributions received from equity method investments, beneficial interests in securitization transactions, and separately identifiable cash flows and application of the predominance principle. This Update is effective for interim and annual reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted, provided that all of the amendments are adopted in the same period. We are evaluating the provisions of this ASU to determine the potential impact on our results of operations and financial position.
Financial Instruments - Credit Losses
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The main objective of this ASU is to provide financial statement users with more decision-useful information about the expected credit losses on financial instruments and other commitments to extend credit held by a reporting entity at each reporting date. The amendments of this update replace the incurred loss impairment methodology in current GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. The collective changes to the recognition and measurement accounting standards for financial instruments and their anticipated impact on the allowance for credit losses modeling have been universally referred to as the CECL, or current expected credit loss, model. This Update is effective for interim and annual reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted as of fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within those fiscal years. We are evaluating the provisions of this ASU to determine the potential impact on our results of operations and financial position.
Revenue from Contracts with Customers
In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The new revenue pronouncement creates a single source of revenue guidance for all companies in all industries and is more principles-based than current revenue guidance. The pronouncement provides a five-step model for a company to recognize revenue when it transfers control of goods or services to customers at an amount that reflects the consideration to which it expects to be entitled in
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION - continued
exchange for those goods or services. The five steps are: 1. identify the contract with the customer; 2. identify the separate performance obligations in the contract; 3. determine the transaction price; 4. allocate the transaction price to the separate performance obligations; and 5. recognize revenue when each performance obligation is satisfied. In August 2015, the FASB issued ASU No. 2015-14, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date. This ASU defers the effective date of ASU No. 2014-09 for all entities by one year.
In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net), as an amendment to ASU No. 2014-09 to improve Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers by reducing: 1. The potential for diversity in practice arising from inconsistent and application of the principal versus agent guidance, and 2. The cost and complexity of applying Topic 606 both at transition and on an ongoing basis.
In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, as an amendment to ASU No. 2014-09 to improve Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, by reducing: 1. The potential for diversity in practice at initial application, and 2. The cost and complexity of applying Topic 606 both at transition and on an ongoing basis.
In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12, Narrow-scope Improvements and Practical Expedients. The amendments in this ASU do not change the core principles of Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers. These amendments affect only the narrow aspects of Topic 606: 1. Collectibility Criterion, 2. Presentation of Sales Taxes and Other Similar Taxes Collected from Customers, 3. Noncash Consideration, 4. Contract Modifications at Transition, and 5. Completed Contracts at Transition.
ASU 2014-09, including transition requirements for all amendments, is effective for interim and annual reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. Early adoption is permitted as of the original effective date for interim and annual reporting periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2016. Our revenue is comprised of net interest income, which is excluded from the scope of ASU 2014-09, and non-interest income. We are in process of evaluating the impact to non-interest income; however, any changes are not expected to have a significant impact to our results of operations and financial position.
Leases - Section A-Amendments to the FASB Accounting Standards Codification, Section B-Conforming Amendments Related to Leases and Section C-Background Information and Basis for Conclusions
In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-02, Leases, which requires lessees to recognize a right-to-use asset and a lease obligation for all leases on the balance sheet. Lessor accounting remains substantially similar to current GAAP. ASU 2016-02 supersedes Topic 840, Leases. This ASU is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018. ASU 2016-02 mandates a modified retrospective transition method for all entities. Early adoption of this ASU is permitted. We anticipate that this ASU will impact our financial statements as it relates to the recognition of right-to-use assets and lease obligations on our Consolidated Balance Sheet. However, we do not expect that this ASU will have a material impact on our Consolidated Statement of Net Income.
Accounting for Financial Instruments - Overall: Classification and Measurement
In January 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-01, Accounting for Financial Instruments - Overall: Classification and Measurement (Subtopic 825-10). The amendments in this ASU No. 2016-01 address the following: 1. require equity investments to be measured at fair value with changes in fair value recognized in net income; 2. simplify the impairment assessment of equity investments without readily-determinable fair values by requiring a qualitative assessment to identify impairment; 3. eliminate the requirement to disclose the method(s) and significant assumptions used to estimate the fair value that is required to be disclosed for financial instruments measured at amortized cost on the balance sheet; 4. require entities to use the exit price notion when measuring the fair value of financial instruments for disclosure purposes; 5. require separate presentation in other comprehensive income for the portion of the total change in the fair value of a liability resulting from a change in the instrument-specific credit risk when the entity has elected to measure the liability at fair value in accordance with the fair value option for financial instruments; 6. require separate presentation of financial assets and financial liabilities by measurement category and form of financial asset (that is, securities or loans and receivables) on the balance sheet or the accompanying notes to the financial statements; and 7. clarify that an entity should evaluate the need for a valuation allowance on a deferred tax asset related to available-for-sale securities in combination with the entity's other deferred tax assets. This ASU is effective for annual and interim periods in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2017. We are evaluating the provisions of this ASU; however, we do not anticipate that this ASU will materially impact our results of operations and financial position.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 2. EARNINGS PER SHARE
The following table reconciles the numerators and denominators of basic and diluted earnings per share for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended March 31,
(in thousands, except shares and per share data) | 2017 |  | 2016
Numerator for Earnings per Share—Basic: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 18,188 |  |  | $ | 16,093 |
Less: Income allocated to participating shares | 60 |  |  | 41 |
Net Income Allocated to Shareholders | $ | 18,128 |  |  | $ | 16,052 |
Numerator for Earnings per Share—Diluted: |  |  |
Net income | $ | 18,188 |  |  | $ | 16,093 |
Net Income Available to Shareholders | $ | 18,188 |  |  | $ | 16,093 |
Denominators for Earnings per Share: |  |  |
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding—Basic | 34,690,250 |  |  | 34,661,016 |
Add: Potentially dilutive shares | 222,011 |  |  | 78,498 |
Denominator for Treasury Stock Method—Diluted | 34,912,261 |  |  | 34,739,514 |
Weighted Average Shares Outstanding—Basic | 34,690,250 |  |  | 34,661,016 |
Add: Average participating shares outstanding | 115,395 |  |  | 88,265 |
Denominator for Two-Class Method—Diluted | 34,805,645 |  |  | 34,749,281 |
Earnings per share—basic | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.46 |
Earnings per share—diluted | $ | 0.52 |  |  | $ | 0.46 |
Warrants considered anti-dilutive excluded from potentially dilutive shares - exercise price $31.53 per share, expires January 2019 | 447,103 |  |  | 517,012 |
Restricted stock considered anti-dilutive excluded from potentially dilutive shares | 79,544 |  |  | 81,840 |

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENT
We use fair value measurements when recording and disclosing certain financial assets and liabilities. Securities available-for-sale, trading assets and derivative financial instruments are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, we may be required to record other assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis, such as loans held for sale, impaired loans, other real estate owned, or OREO, and other repossessed assets, mortgage servicing rights, or MSRs, and certain other assets.
Fair value is the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. An orderly transaction is a transaction that assumes exposure to the market for a period prior to the measurement date to allow for marketing activities that are usual and customary for transactions involving such assets or liabilities; it is not a forced transaction. In determining fair value, we use various valuation approaches, including market, income and cost approaches. The fair value standard establishes a hierarchy for inputs used in measuring fair value that maximizes the use of observable inputs and minimizes the use of unobservable inputs by requiring that observable inputs be used when available. Observable inputs are inputs that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, which is developed, based on market data that we have obtained from independent sources. Unobservable inputs reflect our estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing an asset or liability, which are developed based on the best information available in the circumstances.
The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted quoted market prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurement) and the lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurement). The fair value hierarchy is broken down into three levels based on the reliability of inputs as follows:
Level 1: valuation is based upon unadjusted quoted market prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.
Level 2: valuation is based upon quoted market prices for similar instruments traded in active markets, quoted market prices for identical or similar instruments traded in markets that are not active and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market or can be corroborated by market data.
Level 3: valuation is derived from other valuation methodologies, including discounted cash flow models and similar techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in determining fair value.
A financial instrument’s level within the fair value hierarchy is based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. Our policy is to recognize transfers between any of the fair value hierarchy levels at the end of the reporting period in which the transfer occurred.
The following are descriptions of the valuation methodologies that we use for financial instruments recorded at fair value on either a recurring or nonrecurring basis.
Recurring Basis
Securities Available-for-Sale
Securities available-for-sale include both debt and equity securities. We obtain fair values for debt securities from a third-party pricing service which utilizes several sources for valuing fixed-income securities. We validate prices received from our pricing service through comparison to a secondary pricing service and broker quotes. We review the methodologies of the pricing service which provides us with a sufficient understanding of the valuation models, assumptions, inputs and pricing to reasonably measure the fair value of our debt securities. The market evaluation sources for debt securities include observable inputs rather than significant unobservable inputs and are classified as Level 2. The service provider utilizes pricing models that vary by asset class and include available trade, bid and other market information. Generally, the methodologies include broker quotes, proprietary models and vast descriptive terms and conditions databases, as well as extensive quality control programs.
Marketable equity securities that have an active, quotable market are classified as Level 1. Marketable equity securities that are quotable, but are thinly traded or inactive, are classified as Level 2. Marketable equity securities that are not readily traded and do not have a quotable market are classified as Level 3.
Trading Assets
We use quoted market prices to determine the fair value of our trading assets. Our trading assets are held in a Rabbi Trust under a deferred compensation plan and are invested in readily quoted mutual funds. Accordingly, these assets are classified as Level 1. Rabbi Trust assets are reported in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS – continued
Derivative Financial Instruments
We use derivative instruments, including interest rate swaps for commercial loans with our customers, interest rate lock commitments and the sale of mortgage loans in the secondary market. We calculate the fair value for derivatives using widely accepted valuation techniques, including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of each derivative. Each valuation considers the contractual terms of the derivative, including the period to maturity, and uses observable market based inputs, such as interest rate curves and implied volatilities. Accordingly, derivatives are classified as Level 2. We incorporate credit valuation adjustments into the valuation models to appropriately reflect both our own nonperformance risk and the respective counterparties' nonperformance risk in calculating fair value measurements. In adjusting the fair value of our derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, we have considered the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements and collateral postings.
Nonrecurring Basis
Loans Held for Sale
Loans held for sale consist of 1-4 family residential loans originated for sale in the secondary market and, from time to time, certain loans transferred from the loan portfolio to loans held for sale, all of which are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. The fair value of 1-4 family residential loans is based on the principal or most advantageous market currently offered for similar loans using observable market data. The fair value of the loans transferred from the loan portfolio is based on the amounts offered for these loans in currently pending sales transactions. Loans held for sale carried at fair value are classified as Level 3.
Impaired Loans
Impaired loans are carried at the lower of carrying value or fair value. Fair value is determined as the recorded investment balance less any specific reserve. We establish specific reserves based on the following three impairment methods: 1. the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s original effective interest rate; 2. the loan’s observable market price; or 3. the fair value of the collateral less estimated selling costs when the loan is collateral dependent and we expect to liquidate the collateral. However, if repayment is expected to come from the operation of the collateral, rather than liquidation, then we do not consider estimated selling costs in determining the fair value of the collateral. Collateral values are generally based upon appraisals by approved, independent state certified appraisers. Appraisals may be discounted based on our historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of appraisal or our knowledge of the borrower and the borrower’s business. Impaired loans carried at fair value are classified as Level 3.
OREO and Other Repossessed Assets
OREO and other repossessed assets obtained in partial or total satisfaction of a loan are recorded at the lower of recorded investment in the loan or fair value less cost to sell. Subsequent to foreclosure, these assets are carried at the lower of the amount recorded at acquisition date or fair value less cost to sell. Accordingly, it may be necessary to record nonrecurring fair value adjustments. Fair value, when recorded, is generally based upon appraisals by approved, independent state certified appraisers. Like impaired loans, appraisals on OREO may be discounted based on our historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of appraisal or other information available to us. OREO and other repossessed assets carried at fair value are classified as Level 3.
Mortgage Servicing Rights
The fair value of MSRs is determined by calculating the present value of estimated future net servicing cash flows, considering expected mortgage loan prepayment rates, discount rates, servicing costs and other economic factors, which are determined based on current market conditions. The expected rate of mortgage loan prepayments is the most significant factor driving the value of MSRs. MSRs are considered impaired if the carrying value exceeds fair value. The valuation model includes significant unobservable inputs; therefore, MSRs are classified as Level 3. MSRs are reported in other assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and are amortized into noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS – continued
Other Assets
We measure certain other assets at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Fair value is based on the application of lower of cost or fair value accounting, or write-downs of individual assets. Valuation methodologies used to measure fair value are consistent with overall principles of fair value accounting and consistent with those described above.
Financial Instruments
In addition to financial instruments recorded at fair value in our financial statements, fair value accounting guidance requires disclosure of the fair value of all of an entity’s assets and liabilities that are considered financial instruments. The majority of our assets and liabilities are considered financial instruments. Many of these instruments lack an available trading market as characterized by a willing buyer and willing seller engaged in an exchange transaction. Also, it is our general practice to not engage in trading or sales activities with respect to such financial instruments. For fair value disclosure purposes, we substantially utilize the fair value measurement criteria as required and explained above. In cases where quoted fair values are not available, we use present value methods to determine the fair value of our financial instruments.
Cash and Cash Equivalents
The carrying amounts reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets for cash and due from banks, including interest-bearing deposits, approximate fair value.
Loans
The fair value of variable rate performing loans that may reprice frequently at short-term market rates is based on carrying values adjusted for credit risk. The fair value of variable rate performing loans that reprice at intervals of one year or longer, such as adjustable rate mortgage products, is estimated using discounted cash flow analyses that utilize interest rates currently being offered for similar loans and adjusted for credit risk. The fair value of fixed rate performing loans is estimated using a discounted cash flow analysis that utilizes interest rates currently being offered for similar loans and adjusted for credit risk. The fair value of nonperforming loans is the carrying value less any specific reserve on the loan if it is impaired. The carrying amount of accrued interest approximates fair value.
Bank Owned Life Insurance
Fair value approximates net cash surrender value of bank owned life insurance.
Federal Home Loan Bank, or FHLB, and Other Restricted Stock
It is not practical to determine the fair value of our FHLB and other restricted stock due to the restrictions placed on the transferability of these stocks; it is presented at carrying value.
Deposits
The fair values disclosed for deposits without defined maturities (e.g., noninterest and interest-bearing demand, money market and savings accounts) are by definition equal to the amounts payable on demand. The carrying amounts for variable rate, fixed-term time deposits approximate their fair values. Estimated fair values for fixed rate and other time deposits are based on discounted cash flow analysis using interest rates currently offered for time deposits with similar terms. The carrying amount of accrued interest approximates fair value.
Short-Term Borrowings
The carrying amounts of securities sold under repurchase agreements, or REPOs, and other short-term borrowings approximate their fair values.
Long-Term Borrowings
The fair values disclosed for fixed rate long-term borrowings are determined by discounting their contractual cash flows using current interest rates for long-term borrowings of similar remaining maturities. The carrying amounts of variable rate long-term borrowings approximate their fair values.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS – continued
Junior Subordinated Debt Securities
The interest rate on the variable rate junior subordinated debt securities is reset quarterly; therefore, the carrying values approximate their fair values.
Loan Commitments and Standby Letters of Credit
Off-balance sheet financial instruments consist of commitments to extend credit and letters of credit. Except for interest rate lock commitments, estimates of the fair value of these off-balance sheet items are not made because of the short-term nature of these arrangements and the credit standing of the counterparties.
Other
Estimates of fair value are not made for items that are not defined as financial instruments, including such items as our core deposit intangibles and the value of our trust operations.
Assets and Liabilities Recorded at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis
The following tables present our assets and liabilities that are measured at fair value on a recurring basis by fair value hierarchy level at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. There were no transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 for items measured at fair value on a recurring basis during the periods presented.

| March 31, 2017
(dollars in thousands) | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 24,837 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 24,837 |
Obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | — |  |  | 221,708 |  |  | — |  |  | 221,708 |
Collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | — |  |  | 125,155 |  |  | — |  |  | 125,155 |
Residential mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | — |  |  | 35,824 |  |  | — |  |  | 35,824 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | — |  |  | 161,977 |  |  | — |  |  | 161,977 |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | — |  |  | 132,297 |  |  | — |  |  | 132,297 |
Marketable equity securities | — |  |  | 11,400 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,400 |
Total securities available-for-sale | — |  |  | 713,198 |  |  | — |  |  | 713,198 |
Trading securities held in a Rabbi Trust | 4,674 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,674 |
Total securities | 4,674 |  |  | 713,198 |  |  | — |  |  | 717,872 |
Derivative financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap contracts - commercial loans | — |  |  | 5,379 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,379 |
Interest rate lock commitments - mortgage loans | — |  |  | 469 |  |  | — |  |  | 469 |
Total Assets | $ | 4,674 |  |  | $ | 719,046 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 723,720 |
LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap contracts - commercial loans | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,352 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,352 |
Forward sale contracts - mortgage loans | — |  |  | 63 |  |  | — |  |  | 63 |
Total Liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,415 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,415 |

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS – continued

| December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Securities available-for-sale: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
U.S. Treasury securities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 24,811 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 24,811 |
Obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | — |  |  | 232,179 |  |  | — |  |  | 232,179 |
Collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | — |  |  | 129,777 |  |  | — |  |  | 129,777 |
Residential mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | — |  |  | 37,358 |  |  | — |  |  | 37,358 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | — |  |  | 125,604 |  |  | — |  |  | 125,604 |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | — |  |  | 132,509 |  |  | — |  |  | 132,509 |
Marketable equity securities | — |  |  | 11,249 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,249 |
Total securities available-for-sale | — |  |  | 693,487 |  |  | — |  |  | 693,487 |
Trading securities held in a Rabbi Trust | 4,410 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,410 |
Total securities | 4,410 |  |  | 693,487 |  |  | — |  |  | 697,897 |
Derivative financial assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap contracts - commercial loans | — |  |  | 6,960 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,960 |
Interest rate lock commitments - mortgage loans | — |  |  | 236 |  |  | — |  |  | 236 |
Total Assets | $ | 4,410 |  |  | $ | 700,683 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 705,093 |
LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Derivative financial liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest rate swap contracts - commercial loans | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,958 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,958 |
Forward sale contracts - mortgage loans | — |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |  |  | 27 |
Total Liabilities | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,985 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,985 |

We may be required to measure certain assets and liabilities at fair value on a nonrecurring basis. Nonrecurring assets are recorded at the lower of cost or fair value in our financial statements. There were no liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis at either March 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016. The following table presents our assets that are measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis by the fair value hierarchy level as of the dates presented:

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | Total
ASSETS(1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Loans held for sale | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,802 |  |  | $ | 1,802 |
Impaired loans | — |  |  | — |  |  | 16,921 |  |  | 16,921 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,329 |  |  | 10,329 |
Other real estate owned | — |  |  | — |  |  | 607 |  |  | 607 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 396 |  |  | 396 |
Mortgage servicing rights | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,256 |  |  | 4,256 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,098 |  |  | 4,098 |
Total Assets | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 21,784 |  |  | $ | 21,784 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,625 |  |  | $ | 16,625 |
(1)This table presents only the nonrecurring items that are recorded at fair value in our financial statements.

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 3. FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS – continued
The carrying values and fair values of our financial instruments at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 are presented in the following tables:

| Carrying Value(1) |  | Fair Value Measurements at March 31, 2017
(dollars in thousands) |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks, including interest-bearing deposits | $ | 104,705 |  |  | $ | 104,705 |  |  | $ | 104,705 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Securities available-for-sale | 713,198 |  |  | 713,198 |  |  | — |  |  | 713,198 |  |  | — |
Loans held for sale | 14,355 |  |  | 14,355 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,355 |
Portfolio loans, net | 5,691,010 |  |  | 5,684,049 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,684,049 |
Bank owned life insurance | 72,574 |  |  | 72,574 |  |  | — |  |  | 72,574 |  |  | — |
FHLB and other restricted stock | 29,739 |  |  | 29,739 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 29,739 |
Trading securities held in a Rabbi Trust | 4,674 |  |  | 4,674 |  |  | 4,674 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Mortgage servicing rights | 3,784 |  |  | 4,256 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,256 |
Interest rate swap contracts - commercial loans | 5,379 |  |  | 5,379 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,379 |  |  | — |
Interest rate lock commitments - mortgage loans | 469 |  |  | 469 |  |  | — |  |  | 469 |  |  | — |
LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | $ | 5,435,325 |  |  | $ | 5,439,713 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,439,713 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 46,987 |  |  | 46,987 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 46,987 |
Short-term borrowings | 610,000 |  |  | 610,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 610,000 |
Long-term borrowings | 14,118 |  |  | 14,603 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,603 |
Junior subordinated debt securities | 45,619 |  |  | 45,619 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 45,619 |
Interest rate swap contracts - commercial loans | 5,352 |  |  | 5,352 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,352 |  |  | — |
Forward sale contracts - mortgage loans | 63 |  |  | 63 |  |  | — |  |  | 63 |  |  | — |
(1) As reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

| Carrying Value(1) |  | Fair Value Measurements at December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) |  | Total |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Cash and due from banks, including interest-bearing deposits | $ | 139,486 |  |  | $ | 139,486 |  |  | $ | 139,486 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Securities available-for-sale | 693,487 |  |  | 693,487 |  |  | — |  |  | 693,487 |  |  | — |
Loans held for sale | 3,793 |  |  | 3,815 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,815 |
Portfolio loans, net | 5,558,644 |  |  | 5,551,266 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,551,266 |
Bank owned life insurance | 72,081 |  |  | 72,081 |  |  | — |  |  | 72,081 |  |  | — |
FHLB and other restricted stock | 31,817 |  |  | 31,817 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 31,817 |
Trading securities held in a Rabbi Trust | 4,410 |  |  | 4,410 |  |  | 4,410 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Mortgage servicing rights | 3,744 |  |  | 4,098 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,098 |
Interest rate swap contracts - commercial loans | 6,960 |  |  | 6,960 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,960 |  |  | — |
Interest rate lock commitments - mortgage loans | 236 |  |  | 236 |  |  | — |  |  | 236 |  |  | — |
LIABILITIES |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deposits | $ | 5,272,377 |  |  | $ | 5,276,499 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,276,499 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 50,832 |  |  | 50,832 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 50,832 |
Short-term borrowings | 660,000 |  |  | 660,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 660,000 |
Long-term borrowings | 14,713 |  |  | 15,267 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 15,267 |
Junior subordinated debt securities | 45,619 |  |  | 45,619 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 45,619 |
Interest rate swap contracts - commercial loans | 6,958 |  |  | 6,958 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,958 |  |  | — |
Forward sale contracts - mortgage loans | 27 |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |  |  | 27 |  |  | — |
(1) As reported in the Consolidated Balance Sheets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 4. SECURITIES AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE
The following table presents the amortized cost and fair value of available-for-sale securities as of the dates presented:

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Amortized Cost |  |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  |  | Fair Value |  |  | Amortized Cost |  |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  |  | Fair Value |
U.S. treasury securities | $ | 24,904 |  |  | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | (91 | ) |  | $ | 24,837 |  |  | $ | 24,891 |  |  | $ | 47 |  |  | $ | (127 | ) |  | $ | 24,811 |
Obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 220,721 |  |  | 1,408 |  |  | (421 | ) |  | 221,708 |  |  | 230,989 |  |  | 1,573 |  |  | (383 | ) |  | 232,179 |
Collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 125,466 |  |  | 462 |  |  | (773 | ) |  | 125,155 |  |  | 130,046 |  |  | 465 |  |  | (734 | ) |  | 129,777 |
Residential mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 35,132 |  |  | 928 |  |  | (236 | ) |  | 35,824 |  |  | 36,606 |  |  | 984 |  |  | (232 | ) |  | 37,358 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 163,396 |  |  | 308 |  |  | (1,727 | ) |  | 161,977 |  |  | 127,311 |  |  | 243 |  |  | (1,950 | ) |  | 125,604 |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 127,638 |  |  | 4,659 |  |  | — |  |  | 132,297 |  |  | 128,783 |  |  | 3,772 |  |  | (46 | ) |  | 132,509 |
Debt Securities | 697,257 |  |  | 7,789 |  |  | (3,248 | ) |  | 701,798 |  |  | 678,626 |  |  | 7,084 |  |  | (3,472 | ) |  | 682,238 |
Marketable equity securities | 7,367 |  |  | 4,035 |  |  | (2 | ) |  | 11,400 |  |  | 7,579 |  |  | 3,670 |  |  | — |  |  | 11,249 |
Total | $ | 704,624 |  |  | $ | 11,824 |  |  | $ | (3,250 | ) |  | $ | 713,198 |  |  | $ | 686,205 |  |  | $ | 10,754 |  |  | $ | (3,472 | ) |  | $ | 693,487 |

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 4. SECURITIES AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE – continued
The following tables present the fair value and the age of gross unrealized losses by investment category as of the dates presented:

| March 31, 2017
| Less Than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or More |  | Total
(dollars in thousands) | Number of Securities |  | Fair Value |  |  | Unrealized Losses |  |  | Number of Securities |  | Fair Value |  |  | Unrealized Losses |  |  | Number of Securities |  | Fair Value |  |  | Unrealized Losses |
U.S. Treasury securities | 1 |  | $ | 9,849 |  |  | $ | (91 | ) |  | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 1 |  | $ | 9,849 |  |  | $ | (91 | )
Obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 7 |  | 62,308 |  |  | (421 | ) |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |  | 62,308 |  |  | (421 | )
Collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 9 |  | 74,604 |  |  | (773 | ) |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9 |  | 74,604 |  |  | (773 | )
Residential mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 2 |  | 9,692 |  |  | (236 | ) |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  | 9,692 |  |  | (236 | )
Commercial mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 12 |  | 113,000 |  |  | (1,727 | ) |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12 |  | 113,000 |  |  | (1,727 | )
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |
Debt Securities | 31 |  | 269,453 |  |  | (3,248 | ) |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 31 |  | 269,453 |  |  | (3,248 | )
Marketable equity securities | 1 |  | 69 |  |  | (2 | ) |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  | 69 |  |  | (2 | )
Total Temporarily Impaired Securities | 32 |  | $ | 269,522 |  |  | $ | (3,250 | ) |  | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 32 |  | $ | 269,522 |  |  | $ | (3,250 | )

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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 4. SECURITIES AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE – continued

| December 31, 2016
| Less Than 12 Months |  | 12 Months or More |  | Total
(dollars in thousands) | Number of Securities |  | Fair Value |  |  | Unrealized Losses |  |  | Number of Securities |  | Fair Value |  |  | Unrealized Losses |  |  | Number of Securities |  | Fair Value |  |  | Unrealized Losses |
U.S. Treasury securities | 1 |  | $ | 9,811 |  |  | $ | (127 | ) |  | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 1 |  | $ | 9,811 |  |  | $ | (127 | )
Obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 7 |  | 62,483 |  |  | (383 | ) |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7 |  | 62,483 |  |  | (383 | )
Collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 10 |  | 83,031 |  |  | (734 | ) |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |  | 83,031 |  |  | (734 | )
Residential mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 2 |  | 10,022 |  |  | (232 | ) |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  | 10,022 |  |  | (232 | )
Commercial mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 10 |  | 96,576 |  |  | (1,950 | ) |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10 |  | 96,576 |  |  | (1,950 | )
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 1 |  | 5,577 |  |  | (46 | ) |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  | 5,577 |  |  | (46 | )
Debt Securities | 31 |  | 267,500 |  |  | (3,472 | ) |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 31 |  | 267,500 |  |  | (3,472 | )
Marketable equity securities | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  | — |  |  | — |
Total Temporarily Impaired Securities | 31 |  | $ | 267,500 |  |  | $ | (3,472 | ) |  | — |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 31 |  | $ | 267,500 |  |  | $ | (3,472 | )

We do not believe any individual unrealized loss as of March 31, 2017 represents an other than temporary impairment, or OTTI. As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, 31 debt securities were in an unrealized loss position. There was one marketable equity security at March 31, 2017 with an unrealized loss and no marketable equity securities at December 31, 2016 with unrealized losses. The unrealized losses on debt securities was primarily attributable to changes in interest rates and not related to the credit quality of these securities. All debt securities are determined to be investment grade and are paying principal and interest according to the contractual terms of the security. We do not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that we will be required to sell any of the securities in an unrealized loss position before recovery of their amortized cost.
The following table displays net unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, on securities available for sale included in accumulated other comprehensive (loss)/income, for the periods presented:

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Gross Unrealized Gains |  |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  |  | Net Unrealized Gains/ (Losses) |  |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  |  | Net Unrealized Gains/ (Losses) |
Total unrealized gains/(losses) on securities available-for-sale | $ | 11,824 |  |  | $ | (3,250 | ) |  | $ | 8,574 |  |  | $ | 10,754 |  |  | $ | (3,472 | ) |  | $ | 7,282 |
Income tax expense/(benefit) | (4,152 | ) |  | 1,141 |  |  | (3,011 | ) |  | (3,776 | ) |  | 1,219 |  |  | (2,557 | )
Net unrealized gains/(losses), net of tax included in accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) | $ | 7,672 |  |  | $ | (2,109 | ) |  | $ | 5,563 |  |  | $ | 6,978 |  |  | $ | (2,253 | ) |  | $ | 4,725 |

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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 4. SECURITIES AVAILABLE-FOR-SALE – continued
The amortized cost and fair value of securities available-for-sale at March 31, 2017 by contractual maturity are included in the table below. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities because issuers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.

| March 31, 2017
(dollars in thousands) | Amortized Cost |  |  | Fair Value |
Obligations of the U.S. Treasury, U.S. government corporations and agencies, and obligations of states and political subdivisions |  |  |
Due in one year or less | $ | 57,066 |  |  | $ | 57,302 |
Due after one year through five years | 196,739 |  |  | 198,760 |
Due after five years through ten years | 54,282 |  |  | 54,913 |
Due after ten years | 65,176 |  |  | 67,867 |
| 373,263 |  |  | 378,842 |
Collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 125,466 |  |  | 125,155 |
Residential mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 35,132 |  |  | 35,824 |
Commercial mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 163,396 |  |  | 161,977 |
Debt Securities | 697,257 |  |  | 701,798 |
Marketable equity securities | 7,367 |  |  | 11,400 |
Total | $ | 704,624 |  |  | $ | 713,198 |

At March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, securities with carrying values of $289 million and $342 million were pledged for various regulatory and legal requirements.
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 5. LOANS AND LOANS HELD FOR SALE
Loans are presented net of unearned income of $5.6 million and $5.2 million at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 and net of a discount related to purchase accounting fair value adjustments of $6.0 million and $7.1 million at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. The following table indicates the composition of loans as of the dates presented:

(dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Commercial |  |  |
Commercial real estate | $ | 2,614,724 |  |  | $ | 2,498,476 |
Commercial and industrial | 1,422,297 |  |  | 1,401,035 |
Commercial construction | 455,211 |  |  | 455,884 |
Total Commercial Loans | 4,492,232 |  |  | 4,355,395 |
Consumer |  |  |
Residential mortgage | 700,610 |  |  | 701,982 |
Home equity | 479,402 |  |  | 482,284 |
Installment and other consumer | 70,219 |  |  | 65,852 |
Consumer construction | 4,363 |  |  | 5,906 |
Total Consumer Loans | 1,254,594 |  |  | 1,256,024 |
Total Portfolio Loans | 5,746,826 |  |  | 5,611,419 |
Loans held for sale | 14,355 |  |  | 3,793 |
Total Loans | $ | 5,761,181 |  |  | $ | 5,615,212 |

As of March 31, 2017, our acquired loans from the 2015 Integrity Bancshares, Inc. merger, or the Merger, were $488 million including $251 million of CRE, $118 million of C&I, $29.2 million of commercial construction, $68.5 million of residential mortgage and $21.3 million of home equity, installment and other consumer construction. These acquired loans decreased from acquired loans at December 31, 2016 of $543 million, including $273 million of CRE, $141 million of C&I, $33.0 million of commercial construction, $74.0 million of residential mortgage, $22.0 million of home equity, installment and other consumer construction.
We attempt to limit our exposure to credit risk by diversifying our loan portfolio by segment, geography, collateral and industry and actively managing concentrations. When concentrations exist in certain segments, we monitor this risk by reviewing the relevant economic indicators and internal risk rating trends and through stress testing of the loans in these segments. Total commercial loans represented 78 percent of total portfolio loans at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. Within our commercial portfolio, the CRE and Commercial Construction portfolios combined comprised $3.1 billion or 68 percent of total commercial loans and 53 percent of total portfolio loans at March 31, 2017 and comprised of $3.0 billion or 68 percent of total commercial loans and 53 percent of total portfolio loans at December 31, 2016. Further segmentation of the CRE and Commercial Construction portfolios by collateral type reveals no concentration in excess of seven percent of total loans at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
Our market area includes Pennsylvania and the contiguous states of Ohio, West Virginia, New York and Maryland. The majority of our commercial and consumer loans are made to businesses and individuals in this market area, resulting in a regional geographic concentration. We believe our knowledge and familiarity with customers and conditions locally outweighs this geographic concentration risk. The conditions of the local and regional economies are monitored closely through publicly available data as well as information supplied by our customers. Our CRE and Commercial Construction portfolios have out-of-market exposure of 5.2 percent of the combined portfolio and 2.8 percent of total loans at March 31, 2017 and 5.2 percent of the combined portfolio and 2.7 percent of total loans at December 31, 2016.
The increase in loans held for sale of $10.6 million related to two participation loans for $11.3 million that were sold subsequent to March 31, 2017.
We individually evaluate all substandard commercial loans that have experienced a forbearance or change in terms agreement, as well as all substandard consumer and residential mortgage loans that entered into an agreement to modify their existing loan, to determine if they should be designated as TDRs. All TDRs are considered to be impaired loans and will be reported as impaired loans for the remaining life of the loan, unless the restructuring agreement specifies an interest rate equal to or greater than the rate that would be accepted at the time of the restructuring for a new loan with comparable risk and it is fully expected that the remaining principal and interest will be collected according to the restructured agreement. Further, all impaired loans are reported as nonaccrual loans unless the loan is a TDR that has met the requirements to be returned to accruing status. TDRs can be returned to accruing status if the ultimate collectability of all contractual amounts due, according
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 5. LOANS AND LOANS HELD FOR SALE - continued
to the restructured agreement, is not in doubt and there is a period of a minimum of six months of satisfactory payment performance by the borrower either immediately before or after the restructuring.
The following table summarizes the restructured loans as of the dates presented:

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Performing TDRs |  | Nonperforming TDRs |  | Total TDRs |  | Performing TDRs |  | Nonperforming TDRs |  | Total TDRs
Commercial real estate | $ | 2,715 |  |  | $ | 625 |  |  | $ | 3,340 |  |  | $ | 2,994 |  |  | $ | 646 |  |  | $ | 3,640 |
Commercial and industrial | 1,361 |  |  | 3,942 |  |  | 5,303 |  |  | 1,387 |  |  | 4,493 |  |  | 5,880 |
Commercial construction | 2,959 |  |  | 427 |  |  | 3,386 |  |  | 2,966 |  |  | 430 |  |  | 3,396 |
Residential mortgage | 2,242 |  |  | 4,321 |  |  | 6,563 |  |  | 2,375 |  |  | 5,068 |  |  | 7,443 |
Home equity | 3,793 |  |  | 1,003 |  |  | 4,796 |  |  | 3,683 |  |  | 954 |  |  | 4,637 |
Installment and other consumer | 16 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 18 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 25 |
Total | $ | 13,086 |  |  | $ | 10,324 |  |  | $ | 23,410 |  |  | $ | 13,423 |  |  | $ | 11,598 |  |  | $ | 25,021 |

There were no TDRs returned to accruing status during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 5. LOANS AND LOANS HELD FOR SALE - continued
The following tables present the restructured loans categorized by type of concession during the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 |  | Three months ended March 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Number of Loans |  | Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment(1) |  | Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment(1) |  | Total Difference in Recorded Investment |  | Number of Loans |  | Pre-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment(1) |  | Post-Modification Outstanding Recorded Investment(1) |  | Total Difference in Recorded Investment
Commercial real estate |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chapter 7 bankruptcy(2) | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 709 |  |  | $ | 702 |  |  | $ | (7 | )
Commercial and industrial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Maturity date extension | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 625 |  |  | 605 |  |  | (20 | )
Commercial Construction |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Maturity date extension | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 33 |  |  | — |
Residential mortgage |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chapter 7 bankruptcy(2) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3 |  |  | 221 |  |  | 219 |  |  | (2 | )
Maturity date extension | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 483 |  |  | 483 |  |  | — |
Home equity |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Chapter 7 bankruptcy(2) | 6 |  |  | 269 |  |  | 266 |  |  | (3 | ) |  | 5 |  |  | 245 |  |  | 243 |  |  | (2 | )
Maturity date extension and interest rate reduction | 1 |  |  | 173 |  |  | 172 |  |  | (1 | ) |  | 1 |  |  | 130 |  |  | 130 |  |  | — |
Maturity date extension | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 200 |  |  | 199 |  |  | (1 | )
Total by Concession Type |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Principal deferral | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Chapter 7 bankruptcy(2) | 6 |  |  | 269 |  |  | 266 |  |  | (3 | ) |  | 9 |  |  | 1,175 |  |  | 1,164 |  |  | (11 | )
Maturity date extension and interest rate reduction | 1 |  |  | 173 |  |  | 172 |  |  | (1 | ) |  | 1 |  |  | 130 |  |  | 130 |  |  | — |
Maturity date extension | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6 |  |  | 1,341 |  |  | 1,320 |  |  | (21 | )
Total | 7 |  |  | $ | 442 |  |  | $ | 438 |  |  | $ | (4 | ) |  | 16 |  |  | $ | 2,646 |  |  | $ | 2,614 |  |  | $ | (32 | )
(1) Excludes loans that were fully paid off or fully charged-off by period end. The pre-modification balance represents the balance outstanding prior to modification. The post-modification balance represents the outstanding balance at period end. (2) Chapter 7 bankruptcy loans where the debt has been legally discharged through the bankruptcy court and not reaffirmed.

For the three months ended March 31, 2017, we modified seven C&I loans totaling $6.5 million and three CRE loans totaling $1.5 million that were not considered to be TDRs. The modifications were evaluated and determined not to be a concession. As of March 31, 2017, we have $0.5 million of commitments to lend additional funds on TDRs.
Defaulted TDRs are defined as loans having a payment default of 90 days or more after the restructuring takes place. There were no TDRs that defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and one commercial construction for $0.6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016.
The following table is a summary of nonperforming assets as of the dates presented:

| Nonperforming Assets
(dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Nonperforming Assets |  |  |
Nonaccrual loans | $ | 35,668 |  |  | $ | 31,037 |
Nonaccrual TDRs | 10,324 |  |  | 11,598 |
Total nonaccrual loans | 45,992 |  |  | 42,635 |
OREO | 873 |  |  | 679 |
Total Nonperforming Assets | $ | 46,865 |  |  | $ | 43,314 |

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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 6. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES
We maintain an allowance for loan losses, or ALL, at a level determined to be adequate to absorb estimated probable credit losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date. We develop and document a systematic ALL methodology based on the following portfolio segments: 1. CRE, 2. C&I, 3. Commercial Construction, 4. Consumer Real Estate and 5. Other Consumer.
The following are key risks within each portfolio segment:
CRE—Loans secured by commercial purpose real estate, including both owner occupied properties and investment properties, for various purposes such as hotels, strip malls and apartments. Operations of the individual projects as well as global cash flows of the debtors are the primary sources of repayment for these loans. The condition of the local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are also more specific risks depending on the collateral type as well as the business prospects of the lessee, if the project is not owner occupied.
C&I—Loans made to operating companies or manufacturers for the purpose of production, operating capacity, accounts receivable, inventory or equipment financing. Cash flow from the operations of the company is the primary source of repayment for these loans. The condition of the local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are also more specific risks depending on the industry of the company. Collateral for these types of loans often does not have sufficient value in a distressed or liquidation scenario to satisfy the outstanding debt.
Commercial Construction—Loans made to finance construction of buildings or other structures, as well as to finance the acquisition and development of raw land for various purposes. While the risk of these loans is generally confined to the construction period, if there are problems, the project may not be completed, and as such, may not provide sufficient cash flow on its own to service the debt or have sufficient value in a liquidation to cover the outstanding principal. The condition of the local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are also more specific risks depending on the type of project and the experience and resources of the developer.
Consumer Real Estate—Loans secured by first and second liens such as home equity loans, home equity lines of credit and 1-4 family residential mortgages, including purchase money mortgages. The primary source of repayment for these loans is the income and assets of the borrower. The condition of the local economy, in particular the unemployment rate, is an important indicator of risk for this segment. The state of the local housing market can also have a significant impact on this segment because low demand and/or declining home values can limit the ability of borrowers to sell a property and satisfy the debt.
Other Consumer—Loans made to individuals that may be secured by assets other than 1-4 family residences, as well as unsecured loans. This segment includes auto loans, unsecured loans and lines and credit cards. The primary source of repayment for these loans is the income and assets of the borrower. The condition of the local economy, in particular the unemployment rate, is an important indicator of risk for this segment. The value of the collateral, if there is any, is less likely to be a source of repayment due to less certain collateral values.
We further assess risk within each portfolio segment by pooling loans with similar risk characteristics. For the commercial loan classes, the most important indicator of risk is the internally assigned risk rating, including pass, special mention and substandard. Consumer loans are pooled by type of collateral, lien position and loan to value, or LTV, for Consumer Real Estate loans. Historical loss rates are applied to these loan pools to determine the reserve for loans collectively evaluated for impairment.
The ALL methodology for groups of loans collectively evaluated for impairment is comprised of both a quantitative and qualitative analysis. A key assumption in the quantitative component of the reserve is the loss emergence period, or LEP. The LEP is an estimate of the average amount of time from the point at which a loss is incurred on a loan to the point at which the loss is confirmed. Another key assumption is the look-back period, or LBP, which represents the historical data period utilized to calculate loss rates.
Management monitors various credit quality indicators for both the commercial and consumer loan portfolios, including delinquency, nonperforming status and changes in risk ratings on a monthly basis.
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NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 6. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES – continued
The following tables present the age analysis of past due loans segregated by class of loans as of the dates presented:

| March 31, 2017
(dollars in thousands) | Current |  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  | Nonaccrual |  | Total Past Due |  | Total Loans
Commercial real estate | $ | 2,605,369 |  |  | $ | 664 |  |  | $ | 74 |  |  | $ | 8,617 |  |  | $ | 9,355 |  |  | $ | 2,614,724 |
Commercial and industrial | 1,397,625 |  |  | 2,245 |  |  | 548 |  |  | 21,879 |  |  | 24,672 |  |  | 1,422,297 |
Commercial construction | 451,001 |  |  | 452 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,758 |  |  | 4,210 |  |  | 455,211 |
Residential mortgage | 690,524 |  |  | 1,584 |  |  | 284 |  |  | 8,218 |  |  | 10,086 |  |  | 700,610 |
Home equity | 474,824 |  |  | 1,007 |  |  | 87 |  |  | 3,484 |  |  | 4,578 |  |  | 479,402 |
Installment and other consumer | 70,006 |  |  | 122 |  |  | 55 |  |  | 36 |  |  | 213 |  |  | 70,219 |
Consumer construction | 4,363 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,363 |
Loans held for sale | 14,355 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14,355 |
Total | $ | 5,708,067 |  |  | $ | 6,074 |  |  | $ | 1,048 |  |  | $ | 45,992 |  |  | $ | 53,114 |  |  | $ | 5,761,181 |

| December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Current |  | 30-59 Days Past Due |  | 60-89 Days Past Due |  | Nonaccrual |  | Total Past Due |  | Total Loans
Commercial real estate | $ | 2,479,513 |  |  | $ | 2,032 |  |  | $ | 759 |  |  | $ | 16,172 |  |  | $ | 18,963 |  |  | $ | 2,498,476 |
Commercial and industrial | 1,391,475 |  |  | 1,061 |  |  | 428 |  |  | 8,071 |  |  | 9,560 |  |  | 1,401,035 |
Commercial construction | 450,410 |  |  | 547 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,927 |  |  | 5,474 |  |  | 455,884 |
Residential mortgage | 689,635 |  |  | 1,312 |  |  | 1,117 |  |  | 9,918 |  |  | 12,347 |  |  | 701,982 |
Home equity | 476,866 |  |  | 1,470 |  |  | 509 |  |  | 3,439 |  |  | 5,418 |  |  | 482,284 |
Installment and other consumer | 65,525 |  |  | 176 |  |  | 43 |  |  | 108 |  |  | 327 |  |  | 65,852 |
Consumer construction | 5,906 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,906 |
Loans held for sale | 3,793 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,793 |
Total | $ | 5,563,123 |  |  | $ | 6,598 |  |  | $ | 2,856 |  |  | $ | 42,635 |  |  | $ | 52,089 |  |  | $ | 5,615,212 |

We continually monitor the commercial loan portfolio through an internal risk rating system. Loan risk ratings are assigned based upon the creditworthiness of the borrower and are reviewed on an ongoing basis according to our internal policies. Loans within the pass rating generally have a lower risk of loss than loans risk rated as special mention or substandard.
Our risk ratings are consistent with regulatory guidance and are as follows:
Pass—The loan is currently performing and is of high quality.
Special Mention—A special mention loan has potential weaknesses that warrant management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects or in the strength of our credit position at some future date. Economic and market conditions, beyond the borrower’s control, may in the future necessitate this classification.
Substandard—A substandard loan is not adequately protected by the net worth and/or paying capacity of the borrower or by the collateral pledged, if any. Substandard loans have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the liquidation of the debt. These loans are characterized by the distinct possibility that we will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 6. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES – continued
The following tables present the recorded investment in commercial loan classes by internally assigned risk ratings as of the dates presented:

| March 31, 2017
(dollars in thousands) | Commercial Real Estate | % of Total |  | Commercial and Industrial | % of Total |  | Commercial Construction | % of Total |  | Total | % of Total
Pass | $ | 2,527,128 |  | 96.7 | % |  | $ | 1,320,246 |  | 92.8 | % |  | $ | 431,074 |  | 94.7 | % |  | $ | 4,278,448 |  | 95.2 | %
Special mention | 55,256 |  | 2.1 | % |  | 49,271 |  | 3.5 | % |  | 14,592 |  | 3.2 | % |  | 119,119 |  | 2.7 | %
Substandard | 32,340 |  | 1.2 | % |  | 52,780 |  | 3.7 | % |  | 9,545 |  | 2.1 | % |  | 94,665 |  | 2.1 | %
Total | $ | 2,614,724 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,422,297 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 455,211 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 4,492,232 |  | 100.0 | %
| December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Commercial Real Estate | % of Total |  | Commercial and Industrial | % of Total |  | Commercial Construction | % of Total |  | Total | % of Total
Pass | $ | 2,423,742 |  | 97.0 | % |  | $ | 1,315,507 |  | 93.9 | % |  | $ | 430,472 |  | 94.4 | % |  | $ | 4,169,721 |  | 95.7 | %
Special mention | 33,098 |  | 1.3 | % |  | 40,409 |  | 2.9 | % |  | 14,691 |  | 3.2 | % |  | 88,198 |  | 2.0 | %
Substandard | 41,636 |  | 1.7 | % |  | 45,119 |  | 3.2 | % |  | 10,721 |  | 2.4 | % |  | 97,476 |  | 2.3 | %
Total | $ | 2,498,476 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,401,035 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 455,884 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 4,355,395 |  | 100.0 | %

We monitor the delinquent status of the consumer portfolio on a monthly basis. Loans are considered nonperforming when interest and principal are 90 days or more past due or management has determined that a material deterioration in the borrower’s financial condition exists. The risk of loss is generally highest for nonperforming loans.
The following tables present the recorded investment in consumer loan classes by performing and nonperforming status as of the dates presented:

| March 31, 2017
(dollars in thousands) | Residential Mortgage | % of Total |  | Home Equity | % of Total |  | Installment and other consumer | % of Total |  | Consumer Construction | % of Total |  | Total | % of Total
Performing | $ | 692,392 |  | 98.8 | % |  | $ | 475,918 |  | 99.3 | % |  | $ | 70,183 |  | 99.9 | % |  | $ | 4,363 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,242,856 |  | 99.1 | %
Nonperforming | 8,218 |  | 1.2 | % |  | 3,484 |  | 0.7 | % |  | 36 |  | 0.1 | % |  | — |  | — | % |  | 11,738 |  | 0.9 | %
Total | $ | 700,610 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 479,402 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 70,219 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 4,363 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,254,594 |  | 100.0 | %
| December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Residential Mortgage | % of Total |  | Home Equity | % of Total |  | Installment and other consumer | % of Total |  | Consumer Construction | % of Total |  | Total | % of Total
Performing | $ | 692,064 |  | 98.6 | % |  | $ | 478,845 |  | 99.3 | % |  | $ | 65,744 |  | 99.8 | % |  | $ | 5,906 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,242,559 |  | 98.9 | %
Nonperforming | 9,918 |  | 1.4 | % |  | 3,439 |  | 0.7 | % |  | 108 |  | 0.2 | % |  | — |  | — | % |  | 13,465 |  | 1.1 | %
Total | $ | 701,982 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 482,284 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 65,852 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 5,906 |  | 100.0 | % |  | $ | 1,256,024 |  | 100.0 | %

We individually evaluate all substandard and nonaccrual commercial loans greater than $0.5 million for impairment. Loans are considered to be impaired when based upon current information and events it is probable that we will be unable to collect all principal and interest payments due according to the original contractual terms of the loan agreement. All TDRs will be reported as an impaired loan for the remaining life of the loan, unless the restructuring agreement specifies an interest rate equal to or greater than the rate that would be accepted at the time of the restructuring for a new loan with comparable risk and it is expected that the remaining principal and interest will be fully collected according to the restructured agreement. For all TDRs, regardless of size, as well as all other impaired loans, we conduct further analysis to determine the probable loss and assign a specific reserve to the loan if deemed appropriate.
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 6. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES – continued
The following table summarizes investments in loans considered to be impaired and related information on those impaired loans as of the dates presented:

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Recorded Investment |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Related Allowance |  | Recorded Investment |  | Unpaid Principal Balance |  | Related Allowance
With a related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Commercial and industrial | 9,929 |  |  | 11,520 |  |  | 3,541 |  |  | 964 |  |  | 2,433 |  |  | 771 |
Commercial construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer real estate | 25 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 26 |  |  | 26 |
Other consumer | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |
Total with a Related Allowance Recorded | 9,955 |  |  | 11,546 |  |  | 3,567 |  |  | 991 |  |  | 2,460 |  |  | 798 |
Without a related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate | 8,429 |  |  | 9,773 |  |  | — |  |  | 16,352 |  |  | 17,654 |  |  | — |
Commercial and industrial | 11,115 |  |  | 11,651 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,902 |  |  | 7,699 |  |  | — |
Commercial construction | 5,903 |  |  | 9,773 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,613 |  |  | 10,306 |  |  | — |
Consumer real estate | 11,335 |  |  | 12,185 |  |  | — |  |  | 12,053 |  |  | 12,849 |  |  | — |
Other consumer | 21 |  |  | 23 |  |  | — |  |  | 24 |  |  | 31 |  |  | — |
Total without a Related Allowance Recorded | 36,803 |  |  | 43,405 |  |  | — |  |  | 40,944 |  |  | 48,539 |  |  | — |
Total: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate | 8,429 |  |  | 9,773 |  |  | — |  |  | 16,352 |  |  | 17,654 |  |  | — |
Commercial and industrial | 21,044 |  |  | 23,171 |  |  | 3,541 |  |  | 6,866 |  |  | 10,132 |  |  | 771 |
Commercial construction | 5,903 |  |  | 9,773 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,613 |  |  | 10,306 |  |  | — |
Consumer real estate | 11,360 |  |  | 12,210 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 12,079 |  |  | 12,875 |  |  | 26 |
Other consumer | 22 |  |  | 24 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 1 |
Total | $ | 46,758 |  |  | $ | 54,951 |  |  | $ | 3,567 |  |  | $ | 41,935 |  |  | $ | 50,999 |  |  | $ | 798 |

As of March 31, 2017, we had $46.8 million of impaired loans which included $11.1 million of acquired loans from the Merger that experienced credit deterioration since the acquisition date. This compares to $41.9 million of impaired loans at December 31, 2016, which included $18.4 million of acquired loans from the Merger.
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 6. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES – continued
The following table summarizes average recorded investment in and interest income recognized on loans considered to be impaired for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended
| March 31, 2017 |  | March 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized |  | Average Recorded Investment |  | Interest Income Recognized
With a related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Commercial and industrial | 10,008 |  |  | 72 |  |  | 5,382 |  |  | 32 |
Commercial construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,117 |  |  | 6 |
Consumer real estate | 26 |  |  | — |  |  | 115 |  |  | 2 |
Other consumer | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |
Total with a Related Allowance Recorded | 10,035 |  |  | 72 |  |  | 6,616 |  |  | 40 |
Without a related allowance recorded: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate | 8,581 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 18,605 |  |  | 199 |
Commercial and industrial | 11,410 |  |  | 43 |  |  | 15,513 |  |  | 149 |
Commercial construction | 6,239 |  |  | 37 |  |  | 10,782 |  |  | 64 |
Consumer real estate | 11,692 |  |  | 129 |  |  | 11,102 |  |  | 135 |
Other consumer | 22 |  |  | — |  |  | 26 |  |  | — |
Total without a Related Allowance Recorded | 37,944 |  |  | 242 |  |  | 56,028 |  |  | 547 |
Total: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate | 8,581 |  |  | 33 |  |  | 18,605 |  |  | 199 |
Commercial and industrial | 21,418 |  |  | 115 |  |  | 20,895 |  |  | 181 |
Commercial construction | 6,239 |  |  | 37 |  |  | 11,899 |  |  | 70 |
Consumer real estate | 11,718 |  |  | 129 |  |  | 11,217 |  |  | 137 |
Other consumer | 23 |  |  | — |  |  | 28 |  |  | — |
Total | $ | 47,979 |  |  | $ | 314 |  |  | $ | 62,644 |  |  | $ | 587 |

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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 6. ALLOWANCE FOR LOAN LOSSES – continued
The following tables detail activity in the ALL for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2017
(dollars in thousands) | Commercial Real Estate |  |  | Commercial and Industrial |  |  | Commercial Construction |  |  | Consumer Real Estate |  |  | Other Consumer |  |  | Total Loans |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 19,976 |  |  | $ | 10,810 |  |  | $ | 13,999 |  |  | $ | 6,095 |  |  | $ | 1,895 |  |  | $ | 52,775 |
Charge-offs | (390 | ) |  | (715 | ) |  | (644 | ) |  | (759 | ) |  | (434 | ) |  | (2,942 | )
Recoveries | 78 |  |  | 187 |  |  | 256 |  |  | 103 |  |  | 176 |  |  | 800 |
Net (Charge-offs)/ Recoveries | (312 | ) |  | (528 | ) |  | (388 | ) |  | (656 | ) |  | (258 | ) |  | (2,142 | )
Provision for loan losses | 906 |  |  | 2,962 |  |  | 491 |  |  | 517 |  |  | 307 |  |  | 5,183 |
Balance at End of Period | $ | 20,570 |  |  | $ | 13,244 |  |  | $ | 14,102 |  |  | $ | 5,956 |  |  | $ | 1,944 |  |  | $ | 55,816 |
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Commercial Real Estate |  |  | Commercial and Industrial |  |  | Commercial Construction |  |  | Consumer Real Estate |  |  | Other Consumer |  |  | Total Loans |
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 15,043 |  |  | $ | 10,853 |  |  | $ | 12,625 |  |  | $ | 8,400 |  |  | $ | 1,226 |  |  | $ | 48,147 |
Charge-offs | (54 | ) |  | (2,694 | ) |  | — |  |  | (232 | ) |  | (648 | ) |  | (3,628 | )
Recoveries | 361 |  |  | 203 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 164 |  |  | 84 |  |  | 814 |
Net (Charge-offs)/ Recoveries | 307 |  |  | (2,491 | ) |  | 2 |  |  | (68 | ) |  | (564 | ) |  | (2,814 | )
Provision for loan losses | (84 | ) |  | 6,378 |  |  | (1,802 | ) |  | (71 | ) |  | 593 |  |  | 5,014 |
Balance at End of Period | $ | 15,266 |  |  | $ | 14,740 |  |  | $ | 10,825 |  |  | $ | 8,261 |  |  | $ | 1,255 |  |  | $ | 50,347 |

The following tables present the ALL and recorded investments in loans by category as of the periods presented:

| March 31, 2017
| Allowance for Loan Losses |  | Portfolio Loans
(dollars in thousands) | Individually Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Collectively Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Total |  |  | Individually Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Collectively Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Total |
Commercial real estate | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,570 |  |  | $ | 20,570 |  |  | $ | 8,429 |  |  | $ | 2,606,295 |  |  | $ | 2,614,724 |
Commercial and industrial | 3,541 |  |  | 9,703 |  |  | 13,244 |  |  | 21,044 |  |  | 1,401,253 |  |  | 1,422,297 |
Commercial construction | — |  |  | 14,102 |  |  | 14,102 |  |  | 5,903 |  |  | 449,308 |  |  | 455,211 |
Consumer real estate | 25 |  |  | 5,931 |  |  | 5,956 |  |  | 11,360 |  |  | 1,173,015 |  |  | 1,184,375 |
Other consumer | 1 |  |  | 1,943 |  |  | 1,944 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 70,197 |  |  | 70,219 |
Total | $ | 3,567 |  |  | $ | 52,249 |  |  | $ | 55,816 |  |  | $ | 46,758 |  |  | $ | 5,700,068 |  |  | $ | 5,746,826 |
| December 31, 2016
| Allowance for Loan Losses |  | Portfolio Loans
(dollars in thousands) | Individually Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Collectively Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Total |  |  | Individually Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Collectively Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Total |
Commercial real estate | $ | — |  |  | $ | 19,976 |  |  | $ | 19,976 |  |  | $ | 16,352 |  |  | $ | 2,482,124 |  |  | $ | 2,498,476 |
Commercial and industrial | 771 |  |  | 10,039 |  |  | 10,810 |  |  | 6,866 |  |  | 1,394,169 |  |  | 1,401,035 |
Commercial construction | — |  |  | 13,999 |  |  | 13,999 |  |  | 6,613 |  |  | 449,271 |  |  | 455,884 |
Consumer real estate | 26 |  |  | 6,069 |  |  | 6,095 |  |  | 12,079 |  |  | 1,178,093 |  |  | 1,190,172 |
Other consumer | 1 |  |  | 1,894 |  |  | 1,895 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 65,827 |  |  | 65,852 |
Total | $ | 798 |  |  | $ | 51,977 |  |  | $ | 52,775 |  |  | $ | 41,935 |  |  | $ | 5,569,484 |  |  | $ | 5,611,419 |

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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 7. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES
Interest Rate Swaps
In accordance with applicable accounting guidance for derivatives and hedging, all derivatives are recognized as either assets or liabilities on the balance sheet at fair value. Interest rate swaps are contracts in which a series of interest rate flows (fixed and variable) are exchanged over a prescribed period. The notional amounts on which the interest payments are based are not exchanged. These derivative positions relate to transactions in which we enter into an interest rate swap with a commercial customer while at the same time entering into an offsetting interest rate swap with another financial institution. In connection with each transaction, we agree to pay interest to the customer on a notional amount at a variable interest rate and receive interest from the customer on the same notional amount at a fixed rate. At the same time, we agree to pay another financial institution the same fixed interest rate on the same notional amount and receive the same variable interest rate on the same notional amount. The transaction allows our customer to effectively convert a variable rate loan to a fixed rate loan with us receiving a variable rate. These agreements could have floors or caps on the contracted interest rates.
Pursuant to our agreements with various financial institutions, we may receive collateral or may be required to post collateral based upon mark-to-market positions. Beyond unsecured threshold levels, collateral in the form of cash or securities may be made available to counterparties of interest rate swap transactions. Based upon our current positions and related future collateral requirements relating to them, we believe any effect on our cash flow or liquidity position to be immaterial.
Derivatives contain an element of credit risk, the possibility that we will incur a loss because a counterparty, which may be a financial institution or a customer, fails to meet its contractual obligations. All derivative contracts with financial institutions may be executed only with counterparties approved by our Asset and Liability Committee, or ALCO, and derivatives with customers may only be executed with customers within credit exposure limits approved by our Senior Loan Committee. Interest rate swaps are considered derivatives, but are not accounted for using hedge accounting. As such, changes in the estimated fair value of the derivatives are recorded in current earnings and included in other noninterest income in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.
Interest Rate Lock Commitments and Forward Sale Contracts
In the normal course of business, we sell originated mortgage loans into the secondary mortgage loan market. We also offer interest rate lock commitments to potential borrowers. The commitments are generally for a period of 60 days and guarantee a specified interest rate for a loan if underwriting standards are met, but the commitment does not obligate the potential borrower to close on the loan. Accordingly, some commitments expire prior to becoming loans. We may encounter pricing risks if interest rates increase significantly before the loan can be closed and sold. We may utilize forward sale contracts in order to mitigate this pricing risk. Whenever a customer desires these products, a mortgage originator quotes a secondary market rate guaranteed for that day by the investor. The rate lock is executed between the mortgagee and us and in turn a forward sale contract may be executed between us and the investor. Both the rate lock commitment and the corresponding forward sale contract for each customer are considered derivatives, but are not accounted for using hedge accounting. As such, changes in the estimated fair value of the derivatives during the commitment period are recorded in current earnings and included in mortgage banking in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.
The following table indicates the amounts representing the value of derivative assets and derivative liabilities as of the dates presented:

| Derivatives (included in Other Assets) |  | Derivatives (included in Other Liabilities)
(dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Derivatives not Designated as Hedging Instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest Rate Swap Contracts- Commercial Loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value | $ | 5,379 |  |  | $ | 6,960 |  |  | $ | 5,352 |  |  | $ | 6,958 |
Notional amount | 226,217 |  |  | 232,396 |  |  | 226,217 |  |  | 232,396 |
Collateral posted | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,454 |  |  | 14,340 |
Interest Rate Lock Commitments- Mortgage Loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value | 469 |  |  | 236 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Notional amount | 13,795 |  |  | 8,490 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Forward Sale Contracts- Mortgage Loans |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Fair value | — |  |  | — |  |  | 63 |  |  | 27 |
Notional amount | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 11,370 |  |  | $ | 8,216 |

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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 7. DERIVATIVE INSTRUMENTS AND HEDGING ACTIVITIES – continued
Presenting offsetting derivatives that are subject to legally enforceable netting arrangements with the same party is permitted. For example, we may have a derivative asset as well as a derivative liability with the same counterparty to a swap transaction and are permitted to offset the asset position and the liability position resulting in a net presentation.
The following table indicates the gross amounts of commercial loan swap derivative assets and derivative liabilities, the amounts offset and the carrying values in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as of the dates presented:

| Derivatives (included in Other Assets) |  | Derivatives (included in Other Liabilities)
(dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Derivatives not Designated as Hedging Instruments: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gross amounts recognized | $ | 7,132 |  |  | $ | 8,590 |  |  | $ | 7,105 |  |  | $ | 8,588 |
Gross amounts offset | (1,753 | ) |  | (1,630 | ) |  | (1,753 | ) |  | (1,630 | )
Net amounts presented in the Consolidated Balance Sheets | 5,379 |  |  | 6,960 |  |  | 5,352 |  |  | 6,958 |
Gross amounts not offset(1) | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,454 | ) |  | (14,340 | )
Net Amount | $ | 5,379 |  |  | $ | 6,960 |  |  | $ | 2,898 |  |  | $ | (7,382 | )

(1) Amounts represent posted collateral.
The following table indicates the gain or loss recognized in income on derivatives for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands) | 2017 |  | 2016
Derivatives not Designated as Hedging Instruments |  |  |
Interest rate swap contracts—commercial loans | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | 97 |
Interest rate lock commitments—mortgage loans | 233 |  |  | 265 |
Forward sale contracts—mortgage loans | (36 | ) |  | (67 | )
Total Derivatives Gain | $ | 221 |  |  | $ | 295 |

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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 8. BORROWINGS
Short-term borrowings are for terms under or equal to one year and were comprised of securities sold under repurchase agreements, or REPOs, and Federal Home Loan Bank, or FHLB, advances. All REPOs are overnight short-term investments and are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation. Securities pledged as collateral under these REPO financing arrangements cannot be sold or repledged by the secured party and therefore, the REPOs are accounted for as a secured borrowing. Mortgage-backed securities with a total carrying value of $49.0 million at March 31, 2017 and $53.2 million at December 31, 2016 were pledged as collateral for these secured transactions. The pledged securities are held in safekeeping at the Federal Reserve. Due to the overnight short-term nature of REPOs, potential risk due to a decline in the value of the pledged collateral is low. Collateral pledging requirements with REPOs are monitored daily. FHLB advances are for various terms and are secured by a blanket lien on residential mortgages and other real estate secured loans.
Long-term borrowings are for original terms greater than one year and were comprised of FHLB advances, a capital lease and junior subordinated debt securities. Long-term FHLB advances are secured by the same loans as short-term FHLB advances. We had total long-term borrowings outstanding of $10.9 million at a fixed rate and $3.1 million at a variable rate at March 31, 2017, excluding our capital lease of $0.1 million.
Information pertaining to borrowings is summarized in the table below as of the dates presented:

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Balance | Weighted Average Rate |  | Balance | Weighted Average Rate
Short-term borrowings |  |  |  |  |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | $ | 46,987 |  | 0.01 | % |  | $ | 50,832 |  | 0.01 | %
Short-term borrowings | 610,000 |  | 0.89 | % |  | 660,000 |  | 0.76 | %
Total short-term borrowings | 656,987 |  | 0.83 | % |  | 710,832 |  | 0.70 | %
Long-term borrowings |  |  |  |  |
Other long-term borrowings | 14,118 |  | 2.92 | % |  | 14,713 |  | 2.91 | %
Junior subordinated debt securities | 45,619 |  | 3.59 | % |  | 45,619 |  | 3.42 | %
Total long-term borrowings | 59,737 |  | 3.43 | % |  | 60,332 |  | 3.30 | %
Total Borrowings | $ | 716,724 |  | 1.05 | % |  | $ | 771,164 |  | 0.90 | %

We had total borrowings at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 at the FHLB of Pittsburgh of $624 million and $675 million. The $624 million at March 31, 2017 consisted of $610 million in short-term borrowings and $14 million in long-term borrowings. Our maximum borrowing capacity with the FHLB of Pittsburgh was $2.3 billion at March 31, 2017. Our remaining borrowing availability is $1.5 billion. We utilized $800 million of our borrowing capacity at March 31, 2017 consisting of $624 million for borrowings and $176 million for letters of credit to collateralize public funds.
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 9. COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES
Commitments
In the normal course of business, we offer off-balance sheet credit arrangements to enable our customers to meet their financing objectives. These instruments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the financial statements. Our exposure to credit loss, in the event the customer does not satisfy the terms of the agreement, equals the contractual amount of the obligation less the value of any collateral. We apply the same credit policies in making commitments and standby letters of credit that are used for the underwriting of loans to customers. Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates, annual renewals or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee. Because many of the commitments are expected to expire without being drawn upon, the total commitment amounts do not necessarily represent future cash requirements. Our allowance for unfunded commitments totaled $2.1 million at March 31, 2017 and $2.6 million at December 31, 2016. The allowance for unfunded commitments is included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The allowance for unfunded commitments is determined using a similar methodology as our ALL methodology. The reserve is calculated by applying historical loss rates and qualitative adjustments to our unfunded commitments.
Estimates of the fair value of these off-balance sheet items were not made because of the short-term nature of these arrangements and the credit standing of the counterparties.
The following table sets forth our commitments and letters of credit as of the dates presented:

(dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2017 |  |  | December 31, 2016 |
Commitments to extend credit | $ | 1,415,003 |  |  | $ | 1,509,696 |
Standby letters of credit | 83,008 |  |  | 84,534 |
Total | $ | 1,498,011 |  |  | $ | 1,594,230 |

Litigation
In the normal course of business, we are subject to various legal and administrative proceedings and claims. While any type of litigation contains a level of uncertainty, we believe that no outcome of any such proceedings or claims pending will have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.
NOTE 10. OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
The following table presents the change in components of other comprehensive income (loss) for the periods presented, net of tax effects.

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 |  | Three months ended March 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Pre-Tax Amount |  |  | Tax (Expense) Benefit |  |  | Net of Tax Amount |  |  | Pre-Tax Amount |  |  | Tax (Expense) Benefit |  |  | Net of Tax Amount |
Change in net unrealized gains/(losses) on securities available-for-sale | $ | 1,662 |  |  | $ | (584 | ) |  | $ | 1,078 |  |  | $ | 9,033 |  |  | $ | (3,162 | ) |  | $ | 5,871 |
Reclassification adjustment for net (gains)/losses on securities available-for-sale included in net income (1) | (370 | ) |  | 130 |  |  | (240 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Adjustment to funded status of employee benefit plans | 539 |  |  | (189 | ) |  | 350 |  |  | 3,800 |  |  | (1,330 | ) |  | 2,470 |
Other Comprehensive Income/(Loss) | $ | 1,831 |  |  | $ | (643 | ) |  | $ | 1,188 |  |  | $ | 12,833 |  |  | $ | (4,492 | ) |  | $ | 8,341 |
(1) Reclassification adjustments are comprised of realized security gains or losses. The realized gains or losses have been reclassified out of accumulated other comprehensive income/(loss) and have affected certain lines in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income as follows; the pre-tax amount is included in securities gains/losses-net, the tax expense amount is included in the provision for income taxes and the net of tax amount is included in net income.

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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – continued
NOTE 11. EMPLOYEE BENEFITS
Effective March 31, 2016, our qualified and nonqualified defined benefit plans were amended to freeze benefit accruals for all persons entitled to benefits under the plan. We recorded a curtailment gain for the three months ended March 31, 2016 resulting from the amendment. The curtailment gain was $1.0 million and represented the unrecognized benefits associated with prior plan amendments that would have been amortized into income over the next seven years. The qualified plan was previously closed to new participants effective December 31, 2007. We will continue recording pension expense related to this plan, primarily representing interest costs on the accumulated benefit obligation and amortization of actuarial losses accumulated in the plan, as well as income from expected investment returns on pension assets.
Prior to March 31, 2016, the accrued benefits were based on years of service and the employee’s compensation for the highest five consecutive years in the last ten years. Contributions were intended to provide for benefits attributed to employee service to date and for those benefits expected to be earned in the future. The expected long-term rate of return on plan assets is 7.50 percent. Effective January 1, 2015, the plan was amended to provide unmarried participants with the ability to name a beneficiary to receive a lump sum death benefit equal to 80 percent of the participant’s accrued benefit payable at normal retirement age, in the event the participant dies while employed by S&T.
The following table summarizes the components of net periodic pension cost for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands) | 2017 |  | 2016
Components of Net Periodic Pension Cost |  |  |
Service cost—benefits earned during the period | $ | — |  |  | $ | 474 |
Interest cost on projected benefit obligation | 1,025 |  |  | 1,065 |
Expected return on plan assets | (1,582 | ) |  | (1,459 | )
Amortization of prior service credit | 474 |  |  | (35 | )
Recognized net actuarial loss | — |  |  | 544 |
Net Periodic Pension Expense | $ | (83 | ) |  | $ | 589 |

NOTE 12. QUALIFIED AFFORDABLE HOUSING PROJECTS
We invest in affordable housing projects primarily to help satisfy our Community Reinvestment Act requirements. As a limited partner in these operating partnerships, we receive tax credits and tax deductions for losses incurred by the underlying properties. We use the cost method to account for these partnerships. Our total investment in qualified affordable housing projects was $11.0 million at March 31, 2017 and $11.7 million at December 31, 2016. We had no open commitments to fund current or future investments in qualified affordable housing projects at March 31, 2017 or December 31, 2016. Amortization expense, included in other noninterest expense in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income, was $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016. The amortization expense was offset by tax credits of $0.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016 as a reduction to our federal tax provision.
NOTE 13. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS
As of March 31, 2017, we owned 145,855 shares of Allegheny Valley Bancorp common stock. On April 7, 2017, Allegheny Valley Bancorp , Inc. merged into Standard Financial Corp. (which was the surviving entity and changed its name to Standard AVB Financial Corp.), and we received 303,816 shares of Standard AVB Financial Corp. common shares in exchange for our shares of Allegheny Valley Bancorp, Inc. common stock. As a result, we will recognize a gain of approximately $2.7 million in our consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2017.
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations, or MD&A, represents an overview of our consolidated results of operations and financial condition and highlights material changes in our financial condition and results of operations at and for the three month periods ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. Our MD&A should be read in conjunction with our Consolidated Financial Statements and notes thereto. The results of operations reported in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected in future periods.
We previously reported in our annual report on Form 10-K, three reportable operating segments: Community Banking, Insurance and Wealth Management. We have reevaluated our segment reporting as of January 1, 2017 and have determined that Insurance and Wealth Management activities are not material to our consolidated financial results, therefore, we are no longer reporting segment information.
Important Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
This quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains or incorporates statements that we believe are “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements generally relate to our financial condition, results of operations, plans, objectives, outlook for earnings, revenues, expenses, capital and liquidity levels and ratios, asset levels, asset quality, financial position, and other matters regarding or affecting S&T and its future business and operations. Forward looking statements are typically identified by words or phrases such as “will likely result,” “expect”, “anticipate,” “estimate,” “forecast,” “project,” “intend”, “ believe”, “assume”, “strategy”, “trend”, “plan”, “outlook”, “outcome”, “continue”, “remain”, “potential,” “opportunity”, “believe”, “comfortable”, “current”, “position”, “maintain”, “sustain”, “seek”, “achieve” and variations of such words and similar expressions, or future or conditional verbs such as will, would, should, could or may. Although we believe the assumptions upon which these forward-looking statements are based are reasonable, any of these assumptions could prove to be inaccurate and the forward-looking statements based on these assumptions could be incorrect. The matters discussed in these forward-looking statements are subject to various risks, uncertainties and other factors that could cause actual results and trends to differ materially from those made, projected, or implied in or by the forward-looking statements depending on a variety of uncertainties or other factors including, but not limited to: credit losses; cyber-security concerns; rapid technological developments and changes; sensitivity to the interest rate environment including a prolonged period of low interest rates, a rapid increase in interest rates or a change in the shape of the yield curve; a change in spreads on interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities; regulatory supervision and oversight; legislation affecting the financial services industry as a whole, and S&T, in particular; the outcome of pending and future litigation and governmental proceedings; increasing price and product/service competition; the ability to continue to introduce competitive new products and services on a timely, cost-effective basis; managing our internal growth and acquisitions; the possibility that the anticipated benefits from acquisitions cannot be fully realized in a timely manner or at all, or that integrating the acquired operations will be more difficult, disruptive or costly than anticipated; containing costs and expenses; reliance on significant customer relationships; general economic or business conditions; deterioration of the housing market and reduced demand for mortgages; deterioration in the overall macroeconomic conditions or the state of the banking industry that could warrant further analysis of the carrying value of goodwill and could result in an adjustment to its carrying value resulting in a non-cash charge to net income; re-emergence of turbulence in significant portions of the global financial and real estate markets that could impact our performance, both directly, by affecting our revenues and the value of our assets and liabilities, and indirectly, by affecting the economy generally and access to capital in the amounts, at the times and on the terms required to support our future businesses. Many of these factors, as well as other factors, are described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, including Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors and any of our subsequent filings with the SEC. Forward-looking statements are based on beliefs and assumptions using information available at the time the statements are made. We caution you not to unduly rely on forward-looking statements because the assumptions, beliefs, expectations and projections about future events may, and often do, differ materially from actual results. Any forward-looking statement speaks only as to the date on which it is made, and we undertake no obligation to update any forward-looking statement to reflect developments occurring after the statement is made.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
Our critical accounting policies involving significant judgments and assumptions used in the preparation of the Consolidated Financial Statements as of March 31, 2017 have remained unchanged from the disclosures presented in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016 under the section “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.”
Overview
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - continued
We are a bank holding company headquartered in Indiana, Pennsylvania with assets of $7.1 billion at March 31, 2017. We operate bank branches in Pennsylvania and Ohio and loan production offices in Pennsylvania, Ohio and New York. We provide a full range of financial services with retail and commercial banking products, cash management services, insurance and trust and brokerage services. Our common stock trades on the NASDAQ Global Select Market under the symbol “STBA.”
We earn revenue primarily from interest on loans and securities and fees charged for financial services provided to our customers. We incur expenses for the cost of deposits and other funding sources, provision for loan losses and other operating costs such as salaries and employee benefits, data processing, occupancy and tax expense.
Our mission is to become the financial services provider of choice within the markets that we serve. We strive to do this by delivering exceptional service and value, one customer at a time. Our strategic plan focuses on organic growth, which includes both growth within our current footprint and growth through market expansion. We also actively evaluate acquisition opportunities as another source of growth. Our strategic plan includes a collaborative model that combines expertise from all areas of our business and focuses on satisfying each customer’s individual financial objectives.
Our focus continues to be on loan and deposit growth and implementing opportunities to increase fee income while closely monitoring our operating expenses and asset quality. We are focused on executing our strategy to successfully build our brand and grow our business in all of our markets. While we have benefited from recent increases in short term interest rates, the low interest rate environment still remains a challenge for our net interest income. We have been able to mitigate the impact of lower rates through strong organic loan growth and expect to benefit from any future increases in interest rates.
Earnings Summary
Net income increased $2.1 million, or 13 percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016. Net income for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $18.2 million, or $0.52 diluted earnings per share, as compared to net income of $16.1 million, or $0.46 diluted earnings per share, for the same period in 2016. The increase in net income was primarily driven by an increase in net interest income of $4.2 million and decreases in noninterest expense of $1.6 million. These increases were offset by a decrease of $2.8 million in noninterest income, a $0.8 million increase in income taxes and an increase in our provision for loan losses of $0.2 million.
Net interest income increased $4.2 million, or 8.5 percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to higher average interest-earning assets of $589.0 million, or 10.1 percent, for the three month period ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016. The increases in short term interest rates in December of 2016 and March of 2017 positively impacted both net interest income and net interest margin.
The increase in average interest-earning assets was due to our successful efforts in growing our loan portfolio over the past year. The increase in net interest income was partially offset by higher average interest-bearing liabilities of $500.4 million, or 11.6 percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016. The increase in average interest-bearing liabilities was mainly due to successful deposit promotions and an increase in short-term borrowings.
The provision for loan losses was relatively unchanged at $5.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $5.0 million for the same period in 2016. Net charge-offs were $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $2.8 million in the same period in the prior year. Annualized net loan charge-offs to average loans were 0.15 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to 0.22 percent for the same period in 2016. Specific reserves on impaired loans increased $1.4 million to $3.6 million at March 31, 2017 compared to $2.2 million at March 31, 2016.
Noninterest income decreased $2.8 million to $13.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $15.8 million for the same period in 2016. The decrease in noninterest income was primarily due to a $2.1 million gain on the sale of our credit card portfolio and a $1.0 million curtailment gain resulting from the amendment to freeze benefit accruals for all participants in our defined benefit plans, both in the three months ended March 31, 2016. These decreases were partially offset by a $0.4 million gain on the sale of equity securities during the three months ended March 31, 2017.
Noninterest expense decreased $1.6 million to $36.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $38.4 million for the same period in 2016. The decrease in noninterest expense was primarily due to a $0.4 million decrease in salaries and employee benefits expense and a $1.4 million decrease in other expense. The decrease in salaries and employee benefits was mainly attributed to lower pension expense related to the above noted freeze of benefit accruals and lower medical expenses. The decrease in other noninterest expense primarily related to change in the provision for the reserve for unfunded commitments due to a decline in outstanding commitments and a decrease in loss rates.
The provision for income taxes increased $0.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016. Higher provision for income taxes was primarily due to a $2.9 million increase in pretax income compared to the same period in 2016.
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - continued
Explanation of Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In addition to the results of operations presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, or GAAP, in the United States, management uses, and this quarterly report references, net interest income on a fully taxable equivalent, or FTE, basis, which is a non-GAAP financial measure. Management believes this measure provides information useful to investors in understanding our underlying business, operational performance and performance trends as it facilitates comparisons with the performance of other companies in the financial services industry. Although management believes that this non-GAAP financial measure enhance investors’ understanding of our business and performance, this non-GAAP financial measure should not be considered an alternative to GAAP or considered to be more important than financial results determined in accordance with GAAP, nor is it necessarily comparable with non-GAAP measures which may be presented by other companies.
We believe the presentation of net interest income on an FTE basis ensures the comparability of net interest income arising from both taxable and tax-exempt sources and is consistent with industry practice. Interest income per the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income is reconciled to net interest income adjusted to an FTE basis in the Net Interest Income section of the "Results of Operations - Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2016."
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - continued
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 Compared to
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Net Interest Income
Our principal source of revenue is net interest income. Net interest income represents the difference between the interest and fees earned on interest-earning assets and the interest paid on interest-bearing liabilities. Net interest income is affected by changes in the average balance of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities and changes in interest rates and spreads. The level and mix of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities is managed by our Asset and Liability Committee, or ALCO, in order to mitigate interest rate and liquidity risks of the balance sheet. A variety of ALCO strategies were implemented, within prescribed ALCO risk parameters, to produce what we believe is an acceptable level of net interest income.
The interest income on interest-earning assets and the net interest margin are presented on an FTE basis. The FTE basis adjusts for the tax benefit of income on certain tax-exempt loans and securities using the federal statutory tax rate of 35 percent for each period and the dividend-received deduction for equity securities. We believe this to be the preferred industry measurement of net interest income that provides a relevant comparison between taxable and non-taxable sources of interest income.
The following table reconciles interest income per the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income to net interest income and rates on an FTE basis for the periods presented:

| Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands) | 2017 |  | 2016
Total interest income | $ | 61,150 |  |  | $ | 55,019 |
Total interest expense | 7,272 |  |  | 5,382 |
Net interest income per consolidated statements of comprehensive income | 53,878 |  |  | 49,637 |
Adjustment to FTE basis | 1,871 |  |  | 1,722 |
Net Interest Income on an FTE basis (non-GAAP) | $ | 55,749 |  |  | $ | 51,359 |
Net interest margin | 3.38 | % |  | 3.41 | %
Adjustment to FTE basis | 0.12 | % |  | 0.12 | %
Net Interest Margin on an FTE basis (non-GAAP) | 3.50 | % |  | 3.53 | %

Income amounts are annualized for rate calculations.
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S&T BANCORP, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - continued
Average Balance Sheet and Net Interest Income Analysis
The following table provides information regarding the average balances, interest and rates earned on interest-earning assets and the average balances, interest and rates paid on interest-bearing liabilities for the periods presented:

| Three months ended March 31, 2017 |  | Three months ended March 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Average Balance |  | Interest | Rate |  | Average Balance |  | Interest | Rate
ASSETS |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing deposits with banks | $ | 66,173 |  |  | $ | 140 |  | 0.85 | % |  | $ | 48,159 |  |  | $ | 65 |  | 0.54 | %
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value(2)(3) | 697,327 |  |  | 4,260 |  | 2.44 | % |  | 666,719 |  |  | 4,073 |  | 2.44 | %
Loans held for sale | 2,211 |  |  | 25 |  | 4.44 | % |  | 27,485 |  |  | 500 |  | 7.32 | %
Commercial real estate | 2,524,859 |  |  | 26,462 |  | 4.25 | % |  | 2,195,381 |  |  | 22,693 |  | 4.16 | %
Commercial and industrial | 1,413,801 |  |  | 14,491 |  | 4.16 | % |  | 1,307,352 |  |  | 12,746 |  | 3.92 | %
Commercial construction | 454,886 |  |  | 4,155 |  | 3.70 | % |  | 397,010 |  |  | 3,713 |  | 3.76 | %
Total commercial loans | 4,393,546 |  |  | 45,108 |  | 4.16 | % |  | 3,899,743 |  |  | 39,152 |  | 4.04 | %
Residential mortgage | 699,849 |  |  | 7,060 |  | 4.05 | % |  | 639,362 |  |  | 6,599 |  | 4.15 | %
Home equity | 480,411 |  |  | 4,905 |  | 4.14 | % |  | 468,833 |  |  | 4,857 |  | 4.17 | %
Installment and other consumer | 68,164 |  |  | 1,091 |  | 6.49 | % |  | 75,378 |  |  | 1,138 |  | 6.07 | %
Consumer construction | 5,374 |  |  | 49 |  | 3.67 | % |  | 8,474 |  |  | 89 |  | 4.22 | %
Total consumer loans | 1,253,798 |  |  | 13,105 |  | 4.22 | % |  | 1,192,047 |  |  | 12,683 |  | 4.28 | %
Total portfolio loans | 5,647,344 |  |  | 58,213 |  | 4.18 | % |  | 5,091,790 |  |  | 51,835 |  | 4.09 | %
Total loans(1)(2) | 5,649,555 |  |  | 58,238 |  | 4.18 | % |  | 5,119,275 |  |  | 52,335 |  | 4.11 | %
Federal Home Loan Bank and other restricted stock | 32,690 |  |  | 383 |  | 4.68 | % |  | 22,592 |  |  | 268 |  | 4.72 | %
Total Interest-earning Assets | 6,445,745 |  |  | 63,021 |  | 3.96 | % |  | 5,856,745 |  |  | 56,741 |  | 3.89 | %
Noninterest-earning assets | 511,125 |  |  |  |  |  | 520,018 |  |  |  |
Total Assets | $ | 6,956,870 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 6,376,763 |  |  |  |
LIABILITIES AND SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing demand | $ | 633,232 |  |  | $ | 275 |  | 0.18 | % |  | $ | 626,493 |  |  | $ | 226 |  | 0.14 | %
Money market | 938,014 |  |  | 1,406 |  | 0.61 | % |  | 628,154 |  |  | 504 |  | 0.32 | %
Savings | 1,041,647 |  |  | 536 |  | 0.21 | % |  | 1,061,117 |  |  | 483 |  | 0.18 | %
Certificates of deposit | 1,403,796 |  |  | 3,162 |  | 0.91 | % |  | 1,425,140 |  |  | 3,041 |  | 0.86 | %
Total Interest-bearing Deposits | 4,016,689 |  |  | 5,379 |  | 0.54 | % |  | 3,740,904 |  |  | 4,254 |  | 0.46 | %
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | 48,896 |  |  | 1 |  | 0.01 | % |  | 64,303 |  |  | 2 |  | 0.01 | %
Short-term borrowings | 671,784 |  |  | 1,399 |  | 0.84 | % |  | 329,389 |  |  | 510 |  | 0.62 | %
Long-term borrowings | 14,362 |  |  | 105 |  | 2.91 | % |  | 116,705 |  |  | 276 |  | 0.95 | %
Junior subordinated debt securities | 45,619 |  |  | 388 |  | 3.45 | % |  | 45,619 |  |  | 340 |  | 2.99 | %
Total borrowings | 780,661 |  |  | 1,893 |  | 0.98 | % |  | 556,016 |  |  | 1,128 |  | 0.82 | %
Total Interest-bearing Liabilities | 4,797,350 |  |  | 7,272 |  | 0.61 | % |  | 4,296,920 |  |  | 5,382 |  | 0.50 | %
Noninterest-bearing liabilities: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing demand | 1,309,401 |  |  |  |  |  | 1,277,019 |  |  |  |
Shareholders’ equity | 850,119 |  |  |  |  |  | 802,824 |  |  |  |
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity | $ | 6,956,870 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 6,376,763 |  |  |  |
Net Interest Income (2)(3) |  |  | $ | 55,749 |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 51,359 |  |
Net Interest Margin (2) (3) |  |  |  | 3.50 | % |  |  |  |  | 3.53 | %

(1) Nonaccruing loans are included in the daily average loan amounts outstanding.
(2) Tax-exempt income is on an FTE basis using the statutory federal corporate income tax rate of 35 percent for 2017 and 2016.
(3) Taxable investment income is adjusted for the dividend-received deduction for equity securities.

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Net interest income on an FTE basis increased $4.4 million, or 8.5 percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016. The increase was primarily due to strong organic loan growth. The net interest margin on an FTE basis decreased three basis points to 3.50 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to 3.53 percent for the same period in 2016. The decrease was primarily due to the rates on interest-bearing liabilities increasing faster than the rates on interest-earning assets.
Interest income on an FTE basis increased $6.3 million, or 11.1 percent, for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016. The increase is primarily due to a $589 million increase in average interest-earning assets. Average loan balances increased $530 million due to organic loan growth, of which $494 million was in the commercial loan portfolio and $61.8 million was in the consumer loan portfolio. The rates earned on loans increased seven basis points, which is primarily due to increases in the Federal Funds rates that occurred in December of 2016 and March of 2017. Average loans held for sale decreased $25.3 million primarily due to the sale of our credit card portfolio during the first quarter of 2016. Average interest-bearing deposits with banks, which is primarily cash at the Federal Reserve, increased $18.0 million, with the rate increasing 31 basis points due to the previously mentioned Federal Funds rate increases. Average securities increased $30.6 million and Federal Home Loan Bank and other restricted stock increased $10.1 million with no significant change to the rates. Overall, the FTE rate on interest-earning assets increased seven basis points for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016.
Interest expense increased $1.9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016. The increase is primarily due to a $500 million increase in average interest-bearing liabilities. Average interest-bearing deposits increased $276 million due to sales efforts and rate promotions. Money market account balances increased $310 million and the rate paid on money market accounts increased 29 basis points. Average total borrowings increased $225 million to provide funding for loan growth. Short-term borrowings increased $342 million with a 22 basis point increase in the rate due to higher short-term rates. Long-term borrowings decreased $102 million due to a $100 million long-term variable rate borrowing that matured in the second quarter of 2016. Overall, the cost of interest-bearing liabilities increased 11 basis points for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016.
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The following table sets forth for the periods presented a summary of the changes in interest earned and interest paid resulting from changes in volume and changes in rates:

| Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 compared to March 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Volume (4) |  | Rate (4) |  | Total
Interest earned on: |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing deposits with banks | $ | 24 |  |  | $ | 51 |  |  | $ | 75 |
Securities available-for-sale, at fair value(2)(3) | 136 |  |  | 51 |  |  | 187 |
Loans held for sale | (460 | ) |  | (15 | ) |  | (475 | )
Commercial real estate | 3,406 |  |  | 363 |  |  | 3,769 |
Commercial and industrial | 1,038 |  |  | 707 |  |  | 1,745 |
Commercial construction | 541 |  |  | (99 | ) |  | 442 |
Total commercial loans | 4,985 |  |  | 971 |  |  | 5,956 |
Residential mortgage | 624 |  |  | (163 | ) |  | 461 |
Home equity | 120 |  |  | (72 | ) |  | 48 |
Installment and other consumer | (109 | ) |  | 62 |  |  | (47 | )
Consumer construction | (32 | ) |  | (8 | ) |  | (40 | )
Total consumer loans | 603 |  |  | (181 | ) |  | 422 |
Total portfolio loans | 5,588 |  |  | 790 |  |  | 6,378 |
Total loans (1)(2) | 5,128 |  |  | 775 |  |  | 5,903 |
Federal Home Loan Bank and other restricted stock | 120 |  |  | (5 | ) |  | 115 |
Change in Interest Earned on Interest-earning Assets | $ | 5,408 |  |  | $ | 872 |  |  | $ | 6,280 |
Interest paid on: |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing demand |  | $2 |  |  |  | $47 |  |  |  | $49 |
Money market | 249 |  |  | 653 |  |  | 902 |
Savings | (9 | ) |  | 62 |  |  | 53 |
Certificates of deposit | (45 | ) |  | 166 |  |  | 121 |
Total interest-bearing deposits | 197 |  |  | 928 |  |  | 1,125 |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Short-term borrowings | 530 |  |  | 358 |  |  | 888 |
Long-term borrowings | (242 | ) |  | 71 |  |  | (171 | )
Junior subordinated debt securities | — |  |  | 48 |  |  | 48 |
Total borrowings | 288 |  |  | 477 |  |  | 765 |
Change in Interest Paid on Interest-bearing Liabilities | 485 |  |  | 1,405 |  |  | 1,890 |
Change in Net Interest Income | $ | 4,923 |  |  | $ | (533 | ) |  | $ | 4,390 |

(1) Nonaccruing loans are included in the daily average loan amounts outstanding.
(2) Tax-exempt income is on an FTE basis using the statutory federal corporate income tax rate of 35 percent for 2017 and 2016.
(3) Taxable investment income is adjusted for the dividend-received deduction for equity securities.
(4) Changes to rate/volume are allocated to both rate and volume on a proportionate dollar basis.
Provision for Loan Losses
The provision for loan losses is the amount to be added to the allowance for loan losses, or ALL, after considering loan charge-offs and recoveries, to bring the ALL to a level determined to be appropriate in management's judgment to absorb probable losses inherent in the loan portfolio. The provision for loan losses increased $0.2 million to $5.2 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to $5.0 million for the same period in 2016. Specific reserves on impaired loans increased $1.4 million to $3.6 million at March 31, 2017 compared to $2.2 million at March 31, 2016. Net charge-offs decreased $0.7 million to $2.1 million for the three months ended March 2017 compared to $2.8 million for the same period in 2016. Annualized net loan charge-offs to average loans were 0.15 percent for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to 0.22 percent for the same period in 2016. Nonperforming loans decreased $5.8 million to $46.0 million at March 31, 2017 compared to $51.8 million at March 31, 2016.The ALL at March 31, 2017 was $55.8 million compared to $50.3 million at March 31, 2016. The ALL as a percent of total portfolio loans was unchanged at 0.97 percent for both March 31, 2017 and the same period of 2016. Refer to “Allowance for Loan Losses” in the MD&A of this report for additional information.
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Noninterest Income

| Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands) | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |  |  | $ Change |  | % Change |
Securities gains (losses), net | $ | 370 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 370 |  | NM |
Service charges on deposit accounts | 3,014 |  |  | 2,999 |  |  | 15 |  | 0.5 | %
Debit and credit card fees | 2,843 |  |  | 2,786 |  |  | 57 |  | 2.0 |
Wealth management fees | 2,403 |  |  | 2,752 |  |  | (349 | ) | (12.7 | )
Insurance fees | 1,464 |  |  | 1,774 |  |  | (310 | ) | (17.5 | )
Mortgage banking | 733 |  |  | 529 |  |  | 204 |  | 38.6 |
Gain on sale of credit card portfolio | — |  |  | 2,066 |  |  | (2,066 | ) | (100.0 | )
Other | 2,169 |  |  | 2,911 |  |  | (742 | ) | (25.5 | )
Total Noninterest Income | $ | 12,996 |  |  | $ | 15,817 |  |  | $ | (2,821 | ) | (17.8 | )%
NM- Not meaningful |  |  |  |  |  |

Noninterest income decreased $2.8 million, or 17.8 percent, to $13.0 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we recognized a $2.1 million gain on the sale of our credit card portfolio. The decrease of $0.7 million in other noninterest income was primarily related to a $1.0 million curtailment gain resulting from the amendment to freeze benefit accruals for all participants in our defined benefit plans in the three months ended March 31, 2016 offset in part by higher interest rate swap fees from our commercial customers for the three months ended March 31, 2017. The decrease in wealth management fees of $0.3 million was primarily due to a decline in brokerage service revenue and advisory fees. Insurance fees decreased $0.3 million mainly due to a decrease in annual profit sharing revenue received from our insurance carriers. These decreases were offset in part by increases of $0.4 million in securities gains related to the sale of an equity position and $0.2 million of mortgage banking fees related to an impairment recapture of our mortgage servicing rights asset due to an increase in interest rates.
Noninterest Expense

| Three Months Ended March 31,
(dollars in thousands) | 2017 |  | 2016 |  | $ Change | % Change
Salaries and employee benefits | $ | 20,541 |  |  | $ | 20,902 |  |  | $ | (361 | ) | (1.7 | )%
Net occupancy | 2,815 |  |  | 2,950 |  |  | (135 | ) | (4.6 | )
Data processing | 2,251 |  |  | 2,111 |  |  | 140 |  | 6.6 |
Furniture and equipment | 2,047 |  |  | 1,929 |  |  | 118 |  | 6.1 |
FDIC insurance | 1,123 |  |  | 940 |  |  | 183 |  | 19.5 |
Professional services and legal | 1,043 |  |  | 947 |  |  | 96 |  | 10.1 |
Other taxes | 976 |  |  | 1,100 |  |  | (124 | ) | (11.3 | )
Marketing | 754 |  |  | 901 |  |  | (147 | ) | (16.3 | )
Other | 5,258 |  |  | 6,636 |  |  | (1,378 | ) | (20.8 | )
Total Noninterest Expense | $ | 36,808 |  |  | $ | 38,416 |  |  | $ | (1,608 | ) | (4.2 | )%

NM - not meaningful
Noninterest expense decreased $1.6 million, or 4.2 percent, to $36.8 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016. Salaries and employee benefits expense decreased $0.4 million primarily due to lower pension expense of $0.7 million and medical claims of $0.4 million, which offset annual merit increases and higher incentive costs in 2017. Pension expense decreased due to the amendment to freeze benefit accruals for all participants in our defined benefit plans that occurred during three months ended March 31, 2016. Other noninterest expense decreased $1.4 million primarily related to a lower reserve for unfunded loan commitments and lower processing charges for credit cards in the first quarter of 2017 due to the sale of the credit card portfolio in 2016. The decrease in reserve for unfunded commitments was due to lower outstanding commitments and a decrease in loss rates.
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Provision for Income Taxes
The provision for income taxes increased $0.8 million to $6.7 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 compared to the same period in 2016 primarily due to an increase of $2.9 million in pre-tax income. The effective tax rate for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 was 26.9 percent.
Financial Condition
March 31, 2017
Total assets increased $122 million, or 1.8 percent, to $7.1 billion at March 31, 2017 compared to $6.9 billion at December 31, 2016. Loan growth was strong resulting in an increase in total portfolio loans of $135 million, or 2.4 percent. Our commercial loan portfolio grew by $137 million, or 3.1 percent, to $4.5 billion with growth in the Commercial Real Estate, or CRE, and Commercial and Industrial, or C&I, portfolios. Securities increased $19.7 million, or 2.8 percent, compared to December 31, 2016 due to security purchases.
Our deposits increased $163 million, or 3.1 percent, with total deposits of $5.4 billion at March 31, 2017 compared to $5.3 billion at December 31, 2016. The increase in deposits was primarily due to an increase in brokered deposits of $141 million. Certificates of deposits, or CDs, increased $101 million, or 7.3 percent, due to higher brokered CDs. Money market accounts increased $49.3 million, or 5.3 percent, and noninterest-bearing demand accounts increased $36.9 million, or 2.9 percent, both due to sales efforts to support our strategic goal to grow our customer deposits.
Total borrowings decreased $54.4 million from December 31, 2016, as the increase in deposits reduced the need for borrowings to support asset growth.
Total shareholders’ equity increased by $13.2 million, or 1.6 percent, at March 31, 2017 compared to December 31, 2016. The increase was primarily due to net income of $18.2 million offset partially by $7.0 million of dividends. The $1.2 million increase in accumulated other comprehensive income was due to an $0.8 million increase in unrealized gains on our available-for-sale investment securities and a $0.4 million change in the funded status of our employee benefit plans.
Securities Activity

(dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016 |  | $ Change
U.S. treasury securities | $ | 24,837 |  |  | $ | 24,811 |  |  | $ | 26 |
Obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 221,708 |  |  | 232,179 |  |  | (10,471 | )
Collateralized mortgage obligations of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 125,155 |  |  | 129,777 |  |  | (4,622 | )
Residential mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 35,824 |  |  | 37,358 |  |  | (1,534 | )
Commercial mortgage-backed securities of U.S. government corporations and agencies | 161,977 |  |  | 125,604 |  |  | 36,373 |
Obligations of states and political subdivisions | 132,297 |  |  | 132,509 |  |  | (212 | )
Debt Securities Available-for-Sale | 701,798 |  |  | 682,238 |  |  | 19,560 |
Marketable equity securities | 11,400 |  |  | 11,249 |  |  | 151 |
Total Securities Available-for-Sale | $ | 713,198 |  |  | $ | 693,487 |  |  | $ | 19,711 |

We invest in various securities in order to maintain a source of liquidity, to satisfy various pledging requirements, to increase net interest income and as a tool of the ALCO to reposition the balance sheet for interest rate risk purposes. Securities are subject to market risks that could negatively affect the level of liquidity available to us. Security purchases are subject to an investment policy approved annually by our Board of Directors and administered through ALCO and our treasury function. The securities portfolio increased $19.7 million, or 2.8 percent, at March 31, 2017 compared to December 31, 2016.
Management evaluates the securities portfolio for other than temporary impairment, or OTTI, on a quarterly basis. At March 31, 2017 our bond portfolio was in a net unrealized gain position of $4.5 million compared to a net unrealized gain position of $3.6 million at December 31, 2016. At March 31, 2017, total gross unrealized gains were $7.8 million offset by $3.2 million of gross unrealized losses, compared to December 31, 2016, when total gross unrealized gains were $7.1 million offset by gross unrealized losses of $3.5 million. The increase in our securities portfolio was primarily a result of investment security purchases during the three months ended March 31, 2017. Total unrealized gains on marketable equity securities at March 31, 2017 were $4.0 million compared to $3.7 million at December 31, 2016. During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 we did not record any OTTI. The performance of the debt and equity securities markets could generate impairments in future periods requiring realized losses to be reported.
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Loan Composition

| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
(dollars in thousands) | Amount | % of Loans |  | Amount | % of Loans
Commercial |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate | $ | 2,614,724 |  | 45.5 | % |  | $ | 2,498,476 |  | 44.5 | %
Commercial and industrial | 1,422,297 |  | 24.7 | % |  | 1,401,035 |  | 25.0 | %
Construction | 455,211 |  | 7.9 | % |  | 455,884 |  | 8.1 | %
Total Commercial Loans | 4,492,232 |  | 78.2 | % |  | 4,355,395 |  | 77.6 | %
Consumer |  |  |  |  |
Residential mortgage | 700,610 |  | 12.2 | % |  | 701,982 |  | 12.5 | %
Home equity | 479,402 |  | 8.3 | % |  | 482,284 |  | 8.6 | %
Installment and other consumer | 70,219 |  | 1.3 | % |  | 65,852 |  | 1.2 | %
Construction | 4,363 |  | 0.1 | % |  | 5,906 |  | 0.1 | %
Total Consumer Loans | 1,254,594 |  | 21.8 | % |  | 1,256,024 |  | 22.4 | %
Total Portfolio Loans | 5,746,826 |  | 100.0 | % |  | 5,611,419 |  | 100.0 | %
Loans Held for Sale | 14,355 |  |  |  | 3,793 |  |
Total Loans | $ | 5,761,181 |  |  |  | $ | 5,615,212 |  |

Our loan portfolio represents our most significant source of interest income. The risk that borrowers will be unable to pay such obligations is inherent in the loan portfolio. Other conditions such as downturns in the borrower's industry or the overall economic climate can significantly impact the borrower’s ability to pay.
Total portfolio loans increased $135 million, or 2.4 percent, to $5.7 billion at March 31, 2017 compared to $5.6 billion at December 31, 2016. Loan growth was in our commercial loan portfolio and mainly in our newer markets of New York, Ohio and southcentral Pennsylvania. CRE loans increased $116 million, or 4.7 percent, and C&I loans increased $21 million, or 1.5 percent. Total consumer loans decreased $1.4 million, or 0.1 percent, primarily due to a reduction in home equity loans which was partially offset with growth in installment and other consumer loans. The increase in loans held for sale of $10.6 million related to two participation loans for $11.3 million that were sold subsequent to March 31, 2017.
#bc1Allowance for Loan Losses
We maintain an ALL at a level determined to be adequate to absorb estimated probable credit losses inherent within the loan portfolio as of the balance sheet date and it is presented as a reserve against loans in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. Determination of an adequate ALL is inherently subjective and may be subject to significant changes from period to period. The methodology for determining the ALL has two main components: evaluation and impairment tests of individual loans and evaluation and impairment tests of certain groups of homogeneous loans with similar risk characteristics.
An inherent risk to the loan portfolio as a whole is the condition of the economy in our markets. In addition, each loan segment carries with it risks specific to the segment. We develop and document a systematic ALL methodology based on the following portfolio segments: 1. CRE, 2. C&I, 3. Commercial Construction, 4. Consumer Real Estate and 5. Other Consumer. The following is a discussion of the key risks by portfolio segment that management assesses in preparing the ALL.
CRE loans are secured by commercial purpose real estate, including both owner occupied properties and investment properties for various purposes such as hotels, strip malls and apartments. Operations of the individual projects as well as global cash flows of the debtors are the primary sources of repayment for these loans. The condition of the local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are also more specific risks depending on the collateral type as well as the business prospects of the lessee, if the project is not owner occupied.
C&I loans are made to operating companies or manufacturers for the purpose of production, operating capacity, accounts receivable, inventory or equipment financing. Cash flow from the operations of the company is the primary source of repayment for these loans. The condition of the local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are also more specific risks depending on the industry of the company. Collateral for these types of loans often does not have sufficient value in a distressed or liquidation scenario to satisfy the outstanding debt.
Commercial Construction loans are made to finance construction of buildings or other structures, as well as to finance the acquisition and development of raw land for various purposes. While the risk of these loans is generally confined to the construction period, if there are problems, the project may not be completed, and as such, may not provide sufficient cash flow on its own to service the debt or have sufficient value in a liquidation to cover the outstanding principal. The condition of the
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local economy is an important indicator of risk, but there are also more specific risks depending on the type of project and the experience and resources of the developer.
Consumer Real Estate loans are secured by first and second liens such as home equity loans, home equity lines of credit and 1-4 family residential mortgages, including purchase money mortgages. The primary source of repayment for these loans is the income and assets of the borrower. The condition of the local economy, in particular the unemployment rate, is an important indicator of risk for this segment. The state of the local housing markets can also have a significant impact on this segment because low demand and/or declining home values can limit the ability of borrowers to sell a property and satisfy the debt.
Other Consumer loans are made to individuals and may be secured by assets other than 1-4 family residences, as well as unsecured loans. This segment includes auto loans and unsecured loans and lines. The primary source of repayment for these loans is the income and assets of the borrower. The condition of the local economy, in particular the unemployment rate, is an important indicator of risk for this segment. The value of the collateral, if there is any, is less likely to be a source of repayment due to less certain collateral values.
The following tables summarize the ALL and recorded investments in loans by category for the dates presented:

| March 31, 2017
| Allowance for Loan Losses |  | Portfolio Loans
(dollars in thousands) | Individually Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Collectively Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Total |  |  | Individually Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Collectively Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Total |
Commercial real estate | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,570 |  |  | $ | 20,570 |  |  | $ | 8,429 |  |  | $ | 2,606,295 |  |  | $ | 2,614,724 |
Commercial and industrial | 3,541 |  |  | 9,703 |  |  | 13,244 |  |  | 21,044 |  |  | 1,401,253 |  |  | 1,422,297 |
Commercial construction | — |  |  | 14,102 |  |  | 14,102 |  |  | 5,903 |  |  | 449,308 |  |  | 455,211 |
Consumer real estate | 25 |  |  | 5,931 |  |  | 5,956 |  |  | 11,360 |  |  | 1,173,015 |  |  | 1,184,375 |
Other consumer | 1 |  |  | 1,943 |  |  | 1,944 |  |  | 22 |  |  | 70,197 |  |  | 70,219 |
Total | $ | 3,567 |  |  | $ | 52,249 |  |  | $ | 55,816 |  |  | $ | 46,758 |  |  | $ | 5,700,068 |  |  | $ | 5,746,826 |

| December 31, 2016
| Allowance for Loan Losses |  | Portfolio Loans
(dollars in thousands) | Individually Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Collectively Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Total |  |  | Individually Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Collectively Evaluated for Impairment |  |  | Total |
Commercial real estate | $ | — |  |  | $ | 19,976 |  |  | $ | 19,976 |  |  | $ | 16,352 |  |  | $ | 2,482,124 |  |  | $ | 2,498,476 |
Commercial and industrial | 771 |  |  | 10,039 |  |  | 10,810 |  |  | 6,866 |  |  | 1,394,169 |  |  | 1,401,035 |
Commercial construction | — |  |  | 13,999 |  |  | 13,999 |  |  | 6,613 |  |  | 449,271 |  |  | 455,884 |
Consumer real estate | 26 |  |  | 6,069 |  |  | 6,095 |  |  | 12,079 |  |  | 1,178,093 |  |  | 1,190,172 |
Other consumer | 1 |  |  | 1,894 |  |  | 1,895 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 65,827 |  |  | 65,852 |
Total | $ | 798 |  |  | $ | 51,977 |  |  | $ | 52,775 |  |  | $ | 41,935 |  |  | $ | 5,569,484 |  |  | $ | 5,611,419 |

| March 31, 2017 |  |  | December 31, 2016 |
Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding | 0.15 | % | * | 0.25 | %
Allowance for loan losses as a percentage of total loans | 0.97 | % |  | 0.94 | %
Allowance for loan losses to nonperforming loans | 121 | % |  | 124 | %

* Annualized
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The ALL was $55.8 million, or 0.97 percent of total portfolio loans and 1.06 percent of originated loans at March 31, 2017 compared to $52.8 million, or 0.94 percent of total portfolio loans and 1.05 percent of originated loans at December 31, 2016. Originated loans exclude acquired loans of $477 million as of March 31, 2017 related to the 2015 Integrity Bancshares, Inc. merger, or Merger.
The increase in the ALL of $3.0 million was primarily due to a $2.8 million increase in specific reserves for loans individually evaluated for impairment and loan growth. The increase in specific reserves was largely due to two C&I relationships totaling approximately $14.1 million that became impaired during the three months ended March 31, 2017 requiring $2.7 million of specific reserve. Impaired loans increased $4.8 million, or 11.5 percent, from December 31, 2016 to $46.8 million at March 31, 2017. The increase was primarily due to the two aforementioned C&I relationships, which were partially offset by a $9.2 million payoff related to a CRE relationship in our acquired loan portfolio. The reserve for loans collectively evaluated for impairment increased $0.3 million at March 31, 2017 compared to December 31, 2016 primarily due to loan growth, which was partially offset by lower historical loss rates in our Construction and CRE portfolios.
Net loan charge-offs were $2.1 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017, and were comprised mainly of $1.5 million in net charge-offs related to three commercial relationships in our acquired loan portfolio. Commercial special mention, substandard and doubtful loans at March 31, 2017 increased by $28.1 million to $219 million compared to $186 million at December 31, 2016.
We individually evaluate all substandard and nonaccrual commercial loans greater than $0.5 million for impairment. A loan is impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that we will be unable to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Our methodology for evaluating whether a loan is impaired includes risk-rating credits on an individual basis and consideration of the borrower’s overall financial condition, payment history and available cash resources. In measuring impairment, we primarily utilize fair market value of the collateral; however, we also use discounted cash flow when warranted.
Troubled debt restructurings, or TDRs, whether on accrual or nonaccrual status, are also classified as impaired loans. TDRs are loans where we, for economic or legal reasons related to a borrower’s financial difficulties, grant a concession to the borrower that we would not otherwise grant. We strive to identify borrowers in financial difficulty early and work with them to modify the terms before their loan reaches nonaccrual status. These modified terms generally include extensions of maturity dates at a stated interest rate lower than the current market rate for a new loan with similar risk characteristics, reductions in contractual interest rates or principal deferment. While unusual, there may be instances of principal forgiveness. These modifications are generally for longer term periods that would not be considered insignificant. Additionally, we classify loans where the debt obligation has been discharged through a Chapter 7 Bankruptcy and not reaffirmed by the borrower as TDRs.
An accruing loan that is modified into a TDR can remain in accrual status if, based on a current credit analysis, collection of principal and interest in accordance with the modified terms is reasonably assured, and the borrower has demonstrated sustained historical repayment performance for a reasonable period before the modification. All TDRs are considered to be impaired loans and will be reported as impaired loans for their remaining lives, unless the restructuring agreement specifies an interest rate equal to or greater than the rate that would be accepted at the time of the restructuring for a new loan with comparable risk and we fully expect that the remaining principal and interest will be collected according to the restructured agreement. For all TDRs, regardless of size, as well as all other impaired loans, we conduct further analysis to determine the probable loss and assign a specific reserve to the loan if deemed appropriate. Further, all impaired loans are reported as nonaccrual loans unless the loan is a TDR that has met the requirements to be returned to accruing status. TDRs can be returned to accruing status if the ultimate collectability of all contractual amounts due, according to the restructured agreement, is not in doubt and there is a period of a minimum of six months of satisfactory payment performance by the borrower either immediately before or after the restructuring.
As an example, consider a substandard commercial construction loan that is currently 90 days past due where the loan is restructured to extend the maturity date for a period longer than would be considered an insignificant period of time. The post-modification interest rate given to the borrower is considered to be lower than the current market rate for new debt with similar risk and all other terms remain the same according to the original loan agreement. This loan will be considered a TDR as the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty and a concession has been granted due to the long extension, resulting in payment delay as well as the rate being lower than current market rate for new debt with similar risk. The loan will be reported as a nonaccrual TDR and an impaired loan. In addition, the loan could be charged down to the fair value of the collateral if a confirmed loss exists. If the loan subsequently performs, by means of making on-time principal and interest payments according to the newly restructured terms for a period of six months, and it is expected that all remaining principal and interest will be collected according to the terms of the restructured agreement, the loan will be returned to accrual status and reported as an accruing TDR. The loan will remain an impaired loan for the remaining life of the loan because the interest rate was not adjusted to be equal to or greater than the rate that would be accepted at the time of the restructuring for a new loan with comparable risk.
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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - continued
TDRs decreased $1.6 million to $23.4 million at March 31, 2017 compared to $25.0 million at December 31, 2016. The decrease is primarily due to principal reductions and charge-offs of $2.0 million offset by new TDRs of $0.4 million. Total TDRs of $23.4 million at March 31, 2017 included $13.1 million, or 56.0 percent, that were accruing and $10.3 million, or 44.0 percent, that were nonaccrual.
Our charge-off policy for commercial loans requires that loans and other obligations that are not collectible be promptly charged-off when the loss becomes probable, regardless of the delinquency status of the loan. We may elect to recognize a partial charge-off when management has determined that the value of collateral is less than the remaining investment in the loan. A loan or obligation does not need to be charged-off, regardless of delinquency status, if (i) management has determined there exists sufficient collateral to protect the remaining loan balance and (ii) there exists a strategy to liquidate the collateral. Management may also consider a number of other factors to determine when a charge-off is appropriate. These factors may include, but are not limited to:
•The status of a bankruptcy proceeding
•The value of collateral and probability of successful liquidation; and/or
•The status of adverse proceedings or litigation that may result in collection
Consumer unsecured loans and secured loans are evaluated for charge-off after the loan becomes 90 days past due. Unsecured loans are fully charged-off and secured loans are charged-off to the estimated fair value of the collateral less the cost to sell.
Our allowance for lending-related commitments is determined using a methodology similar to that used for the ALL. Amounts are added to the allowance for lending-related commitments by a charge to current earnings through noninterest expense. The reserve is calculated by applying historical loss rates to unfunded commitments and considering qualitative factors. The balance in the allowance for unfunded loan commitments was $2.1 million at March 31, 2017 compared to $2.6 million at December 31, 2016. The decrease primarily related to a decline in the historic loss rate for C&I commitment's and a decrease in the balance of total unfunded commitments. The allowance for unfunded commitments is included in other liabilities in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.
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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - continued
Nonperforming assets consist of nonaccrual loans, nonaccrual TDRs and OREO. The following table summarizes nonperforming assets for the dates presented:

(dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2017 |  |  | December 31, 2016 |  |  | $ Change |
Nonaccrual Loans |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate | $ | 7,992 |  |  | $ | 15,526 |  |  | $ | (7,534 | )
Commercial and industrial | 17,937 |  |  | 3,578 |  |  | 14,359 |
Commercial construction | 3,331 |  |  | 4,497 |  |  | (1,166 | )
Residential mortgage | 3,897 |  |  | 4,850 |  |  | (953 | )
Home equity | 2,481 |  |  | 2,485 |  |  | (4 | )
Installment and other consumer | 30 |  |  | 101 |  |  | (71 | )
Consumer construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total Nonaccrual Loans | 35,668 |  |  | 31,037 |  |  | 4,631 |
Nonaccrual Troubled Debt Restructurings |  |  |  |  |
Commercial real estate | 625 |  |  | 646 |  |  | (21 | )
Commercial and industrial | 3,942 |  |  | 4,493 |  |  | (551 | )
Commercial construction | 427 |  |  | 430 |  |  | (3 | )
Residential mortgage | 4,321 |  |  | 5,068 |  |  | (747 | )
Home equity | 1,003 |  |  | 954 |  |  | 49 |
Installment and other consumer | 6 |  |  | 7 |  |  | (1 | )
Total Nonaccrual Troubled Debt Restructurings | 10,324 |  |  | 11,598 |  |  | (1,274 | )
Total Nonaccrual Loans | 45,992 |  |  | 42,635 |  |  | 3,357 |
OREO | 873 |  |  | 679 |  |  | 194 |
Total Nonperforming Assets | $ | 46,865 |  |  | $ | 43,314 |  |  | $ | 3,551 |
Asset Quality Ratios: |  |  |  |  |
Nonperforming loans as a percent of total loans | 0.80 | % |  | 0.76 | % |  |
Nonperforming assets as a percent of total loans plus OREO | 0.81 | % |  | 0.77 | % |  |

Our policy is to place loans in all categories in nonaccrual status when collection of interest or principal is doubtful, or generally when interest or principal payments are 90 days or more past due.
Nonperforming assets, or NPAs, increased $3.6 million to $46.9 million at March 31, 2017 compared to $43.3 million at December 31, 2016. The increase in NPAs was primarily due to new nonperforming loans of $17.2 million which were offset by $13.6 million of principal reductions and loan charge-offs. The increase in nonperforming loans was primarily related to two C&I relationships for $14.1 million offset by the payoff of a $9.2 million CRE relationship in our acquired loan portfolio. Total nonperforming loans included $16.9 million of acquired loans, all of which became 90 days past due subsequent to the Merger date.
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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - continued
Deposits

(dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2017 |  |  | December 31, 2016 |  |  | $ Change |
Customer deposits |  |  |  |  |
Noninterest-bearing demand | $ | 1,300,707 |  |  | $ | 1,263,833 |  |  | $ | 36,874 |
Interest-bearing demand | 628,426 |  |  | 633,293 |  |  | (4,867 | )
Money market | 667,223 |  |  | 617,961 |  |  | 49,262 |
Savings | 1,032,864 |  |  | 1,050,131 |  |  | (17,267 | )
Certificates of deposit | 1,313,455 |  |  | 1,355,303 |  |  | (41,848 | )
Total customer deposits | 4,942,675 |  |  | 4,920,521 |  |  | 22,154 |
Brokered deposits |  |  |  |  |
Interest-bearing demand | 3,226 |  |  | 5,007 |  |  | (1,781 | )
Money market | 318,500 |  |  | 318,500 |  |  | — |
Certificates of deposit | 170,924 |  |  | 28,349 |  |  | 142,575 |
Total brokered deposits | 492,650 |  |  | 351,856 |  |  | 140,794 |
Total Deposits | $ | 5,435,325 |  |  | $ | 5,272,377 |  |  | $ | 162,948 |

Deposits are our primary source of funds. We believe that our deposit base is stable and that we have the ability to attract new deposits. Total deposits at March 31, 2017 increased $163 million, or 3.1 percent, from December 31, 2016. Total customer deposits increased $22.2 million from December 31, 2016. Money market accounts increased $49.3 million and noninterest-bearing demand increased $36.9 million due to sales efforts. Certificates of deposits decreased $41.9 million due to the maturity of special rate products. Savings and interest-bearing demand decreased $17.3 million and $4.9 million from December 31, 2016. These decreases were a result of outflows due to normal repositioning by our customers combined with some seasonality in a number of sectors, including public funds. Brokered deposits increased $141 million from December 31, 2016. Brokered deposits are an additional source of funds utilized by the ALCO as a way to diversify funding sources, as well as manage our funding costs and structure. The increase in brokered deposits was primarily due to funding needs to support our asset growth.
Borrowings

(dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2017 |  |  | December 31, 2016 |  |  | $ Change |
Securities sold under repurchase agreements | $ | 46,987 |  |  | $ | 50,832 |  |  | $ | (3,845 | )
Short-term borrowings | 610,000 |  |  | 660,000 |  |  | (50,000 | )
Long-term borrowings | 14,118 |  |  | 14,713 |  |  | (595 | )
Junior subordinated debt securities | 45,619 |  |  | 45,619 |  |  | — |
Total Borrowings | $ | 716,724 |  |  | $ | 771,164 |  |  | $ | (54,440 | )

Borrowings are an additional source of funding for us. Total borrowings decreased $54.4 million from December 31, 2016. During the three months ended March 31, 2017, our total deposits increased and reduced the need for borrowings to support asset growth.
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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - continued
Information pertaining to short-term borrowings is summarized in the tables below at and for the three and twelve month periods ended March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

| Securities Sold Under Repurchase Agreements
(dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Balance at the period end | $ | 46,987 |  |  | $ | 50,832 |
Average balance during the period | 48,896 |  |  | 51,021 |
Average interest rate during the period | 0.01 | % |  | 0.01 | %
Maximum month-end balance during the period | $ | 53,609 |  |  | $ | 68,216 |
Average interest rate at the period end | 0.01 | % |  | 0.01 | %
| Short-Term Borrowings
(dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Balance at the period end | $ | 610,000 |  |  | $ | 660,000 |
Average balance during the period | 671,784 |  |  | 414,426 |
Average interest rate during the period | 0.84 | % |  | 0.65 | %
Maximum month-end balance during the period | $ | 734,600 |  |  | $ | 660,000 |
Average interest rate at the period end | 0.89 | % |  | 0.76 | %

Information pertaining to long-term borrowings is summarized in the tables below at and for the three and twelve month periods ended March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.

| Long-Term Borrowings
(dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Balance at the period end | $ | 14,118 |  |  | $ | 14,713 |
Average balance during the period | 14,362 |  |  | 50,256 |
Average interest rate during the period | 2.91 | % |  | 1.33 | %
Maximum month-end balance during the period | $ | 14,515 |  |  | $ | 116,852 |
Average interest rate at the period end | 2.92 | % |  | 2.91 | %
| Junior Subordinated Debt Securities
(dollars in thousands) | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
Balance at the period end | $ | 45,619 |  |  | $ | 45,619 |
Average balance during the period | 45,619 |  |  | 45,619 |
Average interest rate during the period | 3.45 | % |  | 3.14 | %
Maximum month-end balance during the period | $ | 45,619 |  |  | $ | 45,619 |
Average interest rate at the period end | 3.59 | % |  | 3.42 | %

Liquidity and Capital Resources
L iquidity is defined as a financial institution’s ability to meet its cash and collateral obligations at a reasonable cost. This includes the ability to satisfy the financial needs of depositors who want to withdraw funds or of borrowers needing to access funds to meet their credit needs. In order to manage liquidity risk our Board of Directors has delegated authority to the ALCO for formulation, implementation, and oversight of liquidity risk management for S&T. The ALCO’s goal is to maintain adequate levels of liquidity at a reasonable cost to meet funding needs in both a normal operating environment and for potential liquidity stress events. ALCO monitors and manages liquidity through various ratios, reviewing cash flow projections, performing stress tests, and by having a detailed contingency funding plan. ALCO policy guidelines define graduated risk tolerance levels. If our liquidity position moves to a level that has been defined as high risk, specific actions are required, such as increased monitoring or the development of an action plan to reduce the risk position.
Our primary funding and liquidity source is a stable customer deposit base. We believe S&T has the ability to retain existing and attract new deposits, mitigating any funding dependency on other more volatile sources. Refer to the Deposits Section of this MD&A, for additional discussion on deposits. Although deposits are the primary source of funds, we have identified various other funding sources that can be used as part of our normal funding program when either a structure or cost efficiency has been identified. Additional funding sources accessible to S&T include borrowing availability at the FHLB of
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Item 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS - continued
Pittsburgh, Federal Funds lines with other financial institutions, the brokered deposit market, and borrowing availability through the Federal Reserve Borrower-In-Custody program.
An important component of S&T’s ability to effectively respond to potential liquidity stress events is maintaining a cushion of highly liquid assets. Highly liquid assets are those that can be converted to cash quickly, with little or no loss in value, to meet financial obligations. ALCO policy guidelines define a ratio of highly liquid assets to total assets by graduated risk tolerance levels of minimal, moderate, and high. At March 31, 2017, S&T had $470 million in highly liquid assets, which consisted of $46.7 million in interest-bearing deposits with banks, $409 million in unpledged securities, and $14.3 million in loans held for sale. This resulted in a highly liquid assets to total assets ratio of 6.7 percent at March 31, 2017. Also, at March 31, 2017, S&T had a remaining borrowing availability of $1.5 billion with the FHLB of Pittsburgh. Refer to Note 9 Borrowings in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, and the Borrowing section of this MD&A, for more details.
The following table summarizes capital amounts and ratios for S&T and S&T Bank for the dates presented:

(dollars in thousands) | Adequately Capitalized | Well- Capitalized |  | March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| Amount | Ratio |  | Amount | Ratio
S&T Bancorp, Inc. |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tier 1 leverage | 4.00 | % | 5.00 | % |  | $ | 593,739 |  | 8.92 | % |  | $ | 582,155 |  | 8.98 | %
Common equity tier 1 to risk-weighted assets | 4.50 | % | 6.50 | % |  | 573,739 |  | 10.16 | % |  | 562,155 |  | 10.04 | %
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets | 6.00 | % | 8.00 | % |  | 593,739 |  | 10.52 | % |  | 582,155 |  | 10.39 | %
Total capital to risk-weighted assets | 8.00 | % | 10.00 | % |  | 678,515 |  | 12.02 | % |  | 664,184 |  | 11.86 | %
S&T Bank |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Tier 1 leverage | 4.00 | % | 5.00 | % |  | $ | 551,441 |  | 8.31 | % |  | $ | 542,048 |  | 8.39 | %
Common equity tier 1 to risk-weighted assets | 4.50 | % | 6.50 | % |  | 551,441 |  | 9.80 | % |  | 542,048 |  | 9.71 | %
Tier 1 capital to risk-weighted assets | 6.00 | % | 8.00 | % |  | 551,441 |  | 9.80 | % |  | 542,048 |  | 9.71 | %
Total capital to risk-weighted assets | 8.00 | % | 10.00 | % |  | 634,448 |  | 11.28 | % |  | 622,469 |  | 11.15 | %

We filed a shelf registration statement on Form S-3 under the Securities Act of 1933 as amended, with the SEC, which allows for the issuance of a variety of securities including debt and capital securities, preferred and common stock and warrants. We may use the proceeds from the sale of securities for general corporate purposes, which could include investments at the holding company level, investing in, or extending credit to subsidiaries, possible acquisitions and stock repurchases. As of March 31, 2017, we had not issued any securities pursuant to this shelf registration statement.
Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
Market risk is defined as the degree to which changes in interest rates, foreign exchange rates, commodity prices, or equity prices can adversely affect a financial institution’s earnings or capital. For most financial institutions, including S&T, market risk primarily reflects exposures to changes in interest rates. Interest rate fluctuations affect earnings by changing net interest income and other interest-sensitive income and expense levels. Interest rate changes affect capital by changing the net present value of a bank’s future cash flows, and the cash flows themselves, as rates change. Accepting this risk is a normal part of banking and can be an important source of profitability and enhancing shareholder value. However, excessive interest rate risk can threaten a bank’s earnings, capital, liquidity, and solvency. Our sensitivity to changes in interest rate movements is continually monitored by the ALCO. The ALCO monitors and manages market risk through rate shock analyses, economic value of equity, or EVE, analyses, and by performing stress tests in order to mitigate earnings and market value fluctuations due to changes in interest rates.
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Item 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK - continued
Rate shock analyses’ results are compared to a base case to provide an estimate of the impact that market rate changes may have on 12 months of pretax net interest income. The base case and rate shock analyses are performed on a static balance sheet. A static balance sheet is a no growth balance sheet in which all maturing and/or repricing cash flows are reinvested in the same product at the existing product spread. Rate shock analyses assume an immediate parallel shift in market interest rates and also include management assumptions regarding the impact of interest rate changes on non-maturity deposit products (noninterest-bearing demand, interest-bearing demand, money market, and savings) and changes in the prepayment behavior of loans and securities with optionality. S&T policy guidelines limit the change in pretax net interest income over a 12 month horizon using rate shocks of +/- 100, 200, and 300 basis points. Policy guidelines define the percentage change in pretax net interest income by graduated risk tolerance levels of minimal, moderate, and high. We have temporarily suspended the -200 and -300 basis point rate shock analyses. Due to the low interest rate environment, we believe the impact to net interest income when evaluating the -200 and -300 basis point rate shock scenarios does not provide meaningful insight into our interest rate risk position.
In order to monitor interest rate risk beyond the 12 month time horizon of rate shocks, we also perform EVE analyses. EVE represents the present value of all asset cash flows minus the present value of all liability cash flows. EVE rate change results are compared to a base case to determine the impact that market rate changes may have on our EVE. As with rate shock analysis, EVE analyses incorporate management assumptions regarding prepayment behavior of fixed rate loans and securities with optionality and the behavior and value of non-maturity deposit products. S&T policy guidelines limit the change in EVE given changes in rates of +/- 100, 200, and 300 basis points. Policy guidelines define the percentage change in EVE by graduated risk tolerance levels of minimal, moderate, and high. We have also temporarily suspended the EVE -200 and -300 basis point scenarios due to the low interest rate environment.
The table below reflects the rate shock analyses and EVE analysis results. Both are in the minimal risk tolerance level.

| March 31, 2017 | December 31, 2016
Change in Interest Rate (basis points) | % Change in Pretax Net Interest Income |  | % Change in EVE |  | % Change in Pretax Net Interest Income |  | % Change in EVE |
+300 | 3.9 |  | (13.7 | ) | 3.4 |  | (12.3 | )
+200 | 2.1 |  | (7.6 | ) | 1.8 |  | (6.5 | )
+100 | 0.9 |  | (3.0 | ) | 0.7 |  | (2.3 | )
-100 | (4.3 | ) | (6.6 | ) | (4.4 | ) | (7.3 | )

The results from the rate shock analyses on net interest income are consistent with having an asset sensitive balance sheet. Having an asset sensitive balance sheet means more assets than liabilities will reprice during the measured time frames. The implications of an asset sensitive balance sheet will differ depending upon the change in market interest rates. For example, with an asset sensitive balance sheet in a declining interest rate environment, more assets than liabilities will decrease in rate. This situation could result in a decrease in net interest income and operating income. Conversely, with an asset sensitive balance sheet in a rising interest rate environment, more assets than liabilities will increase in rate. This situation could result in an increase in net interest income and operating income.
Our rate shock analyses show an improvement in the percentage change in pretax net interest income for all scenarios when comparing March 31, 2017 to December 31, 2016. The improvement is mainly a result of certificates of deposit repricing.
Our EVE analyses resulted in a decline in the percentage change in EVE in the rates up scenarios and an improvement in the rates down scenario when comparing March 31, 2017 to December 31, 2016. The fluctuations are mainly attributed to changes in interest rates.
In addition to rate shocks and EVE analyses, we perform a market risk stress test at least annually. The market risk stress test includes sensitivity analyses and simulations. Sensitivity analyses are performed to help us identify which model assumptions cause the greatest impact on pretax net interest income. Sensitivity analyses may include changing prepayment behavior of loans and securities with optionality and the impact of interest rate changes on non-maturity deposit products. Simulation analyses may include the potential impact of rate shocks other than the policy guidelines of +/- 100, 200, and 300 basis points, yield curve shape changes, significant balance mix changes, and various growth scenarios. Simulations indicate that an increase in rates, particularly if the yield curve steepens, will most likely result in an improvement in pretax net interest income. We realize that some of the benefit reflected in our scenarios may be offset by a change in the competitive environment and a change in product preference by our customers.
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Item 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of S&T’s Chief Executive Officer, or CEO, and Chief Financial Officer, or CFO (its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, respectively), management has evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of S&T’s disclosure controls and procedures as of March 31, 2017. In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives. We maintain disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act, is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods required by the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to S&T’s management, including our CEO and CFO, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Based on and as of the date of such evaluation, our CEO and CFO concluded that the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures were effective in all material respects, as of the end of the period covered by this report.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
During the quarter ended March 31, 2017, there were no changes made to S&T’s internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rule 13a-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, S&T’s internal control over financial reporting.
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PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
None
Item 1A. Risk Factors
There have been no material changes to the risk factors that we have previously disclosed in Item 1A – “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, as filed with the SEC on February 23, 2017.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None
Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures
Not Applicable
Item 5. Other Information
None
Item 6. Exhibits

31.1 | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of the Chief Executive Officer.
31.2 | Rule 13a-14(a) Certification of the Chief Financial Officer.
32 | Rule 13a-14(b) Certification of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer.
101 | The following financial information from the Registrant's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2017 is formatted in eXtensible Business Reporting Language (XBRL): (i) Unaudited Consolidated Balance Sheet at March 31, 2017 and Audited Consolidated Balance Sheet at December 31, 2016, (ii) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income for the Three Months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, (iii) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the Three Months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, (iv) Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Three Months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 and (v) Notes to Unaudited Consolidated Financial Statements.

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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

| S&T Bancorp, Inc. (Registrant)
May 3, 2017 | /s/ Mark Kochvar
| Mark Kochvar Senior Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (Principal Financial Officer and Duly Authorized Signatory)

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