7. Commitments and Contingencies

Surety Bonds

In the normal course of business, we are required to post bid, performance and garnishment bonds. The majority of the surety bonds posted relate to our aviation and land segments. As of December 31, 2015 and 2014, we had outstanding bonds that were arranged in order to satisfy various security requirements of $39.1 million and $38.7 million, respectively. Most of these bonds provide financial security for obligations which have already been recorded as liabilities.

Lease Commitments

As of December 31, 2015, our future minimum lease payments under non‑cancelable operating leases were as follows (in millions):


Year Ended December 31,
2016	$	42.1
2017		31.3
2018		23.4
2019		18.8
2020		15.1
Thereafter		45.5
	$	176.2

We incurred rental expense for all properties and equipment of $31.6 million, $29.2 million and $24.7 million for 2015, 2014 and 2013, respectively. Minimum payments have not been reduced by minimum sublease rentals of $37.5 million due in the future under non-cancelable subleases.

Sales and Purchase Commitments

As of December 31, 2015, fixed sales and purchase commitments under our derivative programs amounted to $270.2 million and $65.9 million, respectively.

Additionally, as of December 31, 2015, we had entered into certain other fixed price sales commitments with corresponding fixed price purchase commitments, the majority of which were satisfied within one week. These sales and purchase commitments were made in the normal course of business.

Agreements with Executive Officers and Key Employees

We have an agreement with our Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer, Michael J. Kasbar, for his continued employment with the Company which provides for an annual base salary as determined by our Compensation Committee in its sole discretion (currently $750,000), termination severance benefits, and such incentives and other compensation and amounts as our Compensation Committee may determine from time to time in its sole discretion. The Kasbar agreement, as amended, expires on December 31, 2016, unless terminated earlier, and will automatically extend for successive one year terms unless either party provides written notice to the other at least one year prior to the expiration of the term that such party does not want to extend the term. Pursuant to his amended agreement, Mr. Kasbar is entitled to receive cash severance payments if: (a) we terminate his employment without cause following a change of control or for any reason other than death, disability or cause; (b) he resigns for good reason (generally a reduction in his responsibilities or compensation, or a breach by us), or resigns following a change of control; or (c) either he elects or we elect not to extend the term of the agreement, as amended. The severance payments are equal to $5.0 million for a termination following a change of control and $3.0 million in the other scenarios described above, a portion of which will be payable two years after the termination of Mr. Kasbar’s employment.

All of Mr. Kasbar’s outstanding SSAR Awards, restricted stock and RSUs (collectively, “outstanding equity awards”) will immediately vest in each scenario described in (a) and (b) above following a change of control, except for awards assumed or substituted by a successor company, in which case, such awards shall continue to vest in accordance with their applicable terms. In each scenario described in (a), (b) or (c) above where there has not been a change of control, Mr. Kasbar’s outstanding equity awards will generally vest over a two year period following termination of his employment, with any remaining unvested awards vesting on the last day of such two year period. For each scenario described above, awards with multiple annual performance conditions must satisfy certain other requirements in order to have their vesting terms accelerated.

We have also entered into employment agreements or separation agreements with certain of our other executive officers and key employees. These agreements provide for minimum salary levels, and, in most cases, bonuses which are payable if specified performance goals are attained. Some executive officers and key employees are also entitled to severance benefits upon termination or non-renewal of their contracts under certain circumstances.

As of December 31, 2015, the approximate future minimum commitments under these agreements, excluding discretionary and performance bonuses, are as follows (in millions):


Year Ended December 31,
2016	$	6.0
2017		1.2
	$	7.2

Termination of Employment Agreement

On March 13, 2015, we agreed with Mr. Michael S. Clementi that he would retire from his position as Aviation Segment President, effective March 16, 2015. In connection with the termination of his employment agreement, we recorded a charge totaling $3.8 million in March 2015, which included non-cash expenses of $0.8 million related to previously awarded stock compensation. As of December 31, 2015, $0.8 million of the cash portion of the termination of the employment agreement charge was included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities and $1.9 million was included in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

Deferred Compensation Plans and Pension

We maintain a 401(k) defined contribution plan which covers all U.S. employees who meet minimum requirements and elect to participate. We are currently making a match contribution of 50% for each 1% of the participants' contributions up to 6% of the participants' contributions. Annual contributions by us are made at our sole discretion, as approved by the Compensation Committee. Additionally, certain of our foreign subsidiaries have defined contribution plans, which allow for voluntary contributions by the employees. In some cases, we make employer contributions on behalf of the employees. The expenses for our contributions under these plans were not significant during each of the years presented on the consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income.

We offer a non-qualified deferred compensation (“NQDC”) plan to certain eligible employees, excluding our named executive officers, whereby the participants may defer a portion of their compensation. We do not match any participant deferrals under the NQDC plan. Participants can elect from a variety of investment choices for their deferred compensation and gains and losses on these investments are credited to their respective accounts. The deferred compensation payable amount under this NQDC plan is subject to the claims of our general creditors and was $3.3 million and $2.3 million as of December 31, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively, which was included in other long-term liabilities in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.

In connection with our acquisition of Watson Petroleum, we assumed their defined benefit pension plan (the “Watson Plan”), which provides participants benefits based on salary at retirement or an earlier date of leaving service. As part of the allocation of the estimated purchase price to assets acquired and liabilities assumed for Watson Petroleum, we recorded an assumed pension exit obligation of £9.6 million ($16.0 million). During 2015, we completed the pension buy-out, therefore, as of December 31, 2015 there are no other assets or liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet related to the Watson Plan. Additionally, the expenses for the Watson Plan recorded in our consolidated statements of income and comprehensive income for 2015 were not significant.

Environmental and Other Liabilities; Uninsured Risks

We provide various services to customers, including into‑plane fueling at airports, fueling of vessels in‑port and at‑sea, and transportation and storage of fuel and fuel products. We are therefore subject to possible claims by customers, regulators and others who may be injured by a fuel spill or other accident. In addition, we may be held liable for damages to the environment arising out of such events. Although we generally maintain liability insurance for these types of events, such insurance may be inadequate. If we are held liable for any damages, and the liability is not adequately covered by insurance and is of sufficient magnitude, our financial position and results of operations will be adversely affected.

Compliance with existing and future environmental laws regulating underground storage tanks located at the retail gasoline stations that we operate may require significant capital expenditures and increased operating and maintenance costs. The remediation costs and other costs required to clean up or treat contaminated sites could be substantial. We pay tank registration fees and other taxes to state trust funds established in our operating areas and maintain private insurance coverage in support of future remediation obligations. These state trust funds or other responsible third parties including insurers are expected to pay or reimburse us for remediation expenses less a deductible. To the extent third parties do not pay for remediation as we anticipate, we will be obligated to make these payments. These payments could materially adversely affect our financial condition, results of operations and cash flows. Reimbursements from state trust funds will be dependent on the maintenance and continued solvency of the various funds.

Although we continuously review the adequacy of our insurance coverage, we may lack adequate coverage for various risks, including environmental claims. Furthermore, our ability to obtain and maintain adequate insurance and the cost of such insurance may be affected by significant claims, such as the Lac‑Mégantic derailment described below, and conditions in the insurance market over which we have no control. An uninsured or under‑insured claim arising out of our activities, if successful and of sufficient magnitude, will have a material adverse effect on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.

Legal Matters

Lac‑Mégantic, Quebec

We, on behalf of DPTS Marketing, LLC (“DPM”), a crude oil marketing joint venture in which we previously owned a 50% membership interest, purchased crude oil from various producers in the Bakken region of North Dakota. Dakota Petroleum Transport Solutions, LLC (“DPTS”), a crude oil transloading joint venture in which we also previously owned a 50% membership interest, arranged for the transloading of the crude oil for DPM into tank cars at its facility in New Town, North Dakota (the “Pioneer Terminal”). We leased the tank cars used in the transloading from a number of third party lessors and subleased these tank cars to DPM (the “Railcar Subleases”). We, on behalf of DPM, contracted with Canadian Pacific Railway (“CPR”) for the transportation of the tank cars and the crude oil from New Town, North Dakota to a customer in New Brunswick, Canada. CPR subcontracted a portion of that route to Montreal, Maine and Atlantic Railway (“MMA”). On July 6, 2013, the freight train operated by MMA with tank cars carrying approximately 50,000 barrels of crude oil derailed in Lac-Mégantic, Quebec (the “Derailment”). The Derailment resulted in significant loss of life, damage to the environment from spilled crude oil and extensive property damage.

Between 2013 and 2015, we, certain of our subsidiaries, DPM and DPTS, along with a number of third parties, were sued in various actions in both the United States and Canada, by multiple third parties seeking economic, compensatory and punitive damages allegedly caused by the Derailment. In addition, in 2013, the Quebec Minister for Sustainable Development, Environment, Wildlife and Parks (the “Minister”) issued an order requiring us to recover the spilled crude oil caused by the incident and to otherwise fully remediate the impact of the incident on the environment.

On June 8, 2015, we entered into a settlement agreement (the “Settlement Agreement”) with the Trustee (the “Trustee”) for the U.S. bankruptcy estate of Montreal, Maine & Atlantic Railway, Ltd., Montreal, Maine and Atlantic Canada Co. (“MMAC”), and the monitor (the “Monitor”) in MMAC’s Canadian bankruptcy (collectively, the “MMA Parties”) resolving all claims arising out of the Derailment. On December 22, 2015, the effective date of the bankruptcy plans filed by the Trustee in the U.S. and by MMAC in Canada (the “U.S. Bankruptcy Plan” and the “CCAA Plan” respectively, each a “Plan” and collectively the “Plans”), the Settlement Agreement became final and effective. Pursuant to the Settlement Agreement, we contributed US$110 million (the “Settlement Payment”) to a compensation fund established to compensate parties who suffered losses as a result of the Derailment. As part of the settlement, we also assigned to the Trustee and MMAC certain claims we have against third parties arising out of the Derailment.

In consideration of the Settlement Payment and the assignment of claims to the Trustee and MMAC, we, as well as our former joint ventures, DPTS Marketing, LLC and Dakota Petroleum Transport Solutions, LLC and each of their affiliates (collectively, the “WFS Parties”), received, and will continue to receive, the benefit of the global releases and injunctions set forth in the Plans. These global releases and injunctions bar all claims which may exist now or in the future against the WFS Parties arising out of the Derailment, other than criminal claims which by law may not be released.

Substantially all of the liabilities incurred in connection with the incident have been recovered from insurance through December 31, 2015. As of December 31, 2015, the remaining outstanding amounts are not significant.

Other Matters

In connection with a theft of fuel product valued at approximately $18.0 million, we recorded an insurance receivable for the full amount of the loss, which is included in other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheet. On July 31, 2014, our insurer, AGCS Marine Insurance Company (“AGCS”), filed a declaratory judgment action against us in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York seeking a court ruling that the loss is not covered under our policy. During the quarter ended December 31, 2014, we filed an answer to the AGCS complaint and counterclaims against AGCS for declaratory judgment and breach of contract seeking a court ruling that the loss is covered under the policy, an award of damages equal to the full amount of our loss plus interest, as well as fees and costs. We and AGCS have filed cross-motions for summary judgment and both motions are set for hearing in March 2016. No trial date has been set. We believe AGCS’ position is without merit and we intend to vigorously pursue our rights. However, due to the complexities and uncertainties inherent in litigation, we can provide no assurance that we will recover the full amount of the loss.

We are a party to various claims, complaints and proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business including, but not limited to, environmental claims, commercial and governmental contract claims, such as property damage, demurrage, personal injury, billing and fuel quality claims, as well as bankruptcy preference claims and tax and administrative claims. We have established loss provisions for these ordinary course claims as well as other matters in which losses are probable and can be reasonably estimated. As of December 30, 2015, we had recorded certain reserves which were not significant. For those matters where a reserve has not been established and for which we believe a loss is reasonably possible, as well as for matters where a reserve has been recorded but for which an exposure to loss in excess of the amount accrued is reasonably possible, we believe that such losses will not have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements. However, any adverse resolution of one or more such claims, complaints or proceedings during a particular period could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated financial statements or disclosures for that period.

Our estimates regarding potential losses and materiality are based on our judgment and assessment of the claims utilizing currently available information. Although we will continue to reassess our reserves and estimates based on future developments, our objective assessment of the legal merits of such claims may not always be predictive of the outcome and actual results may vary from our current estimates.