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Income Taxes (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2021
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Schedule of U.S. and foreign income before income taxes
U.S. and foreign income before income taxes consist of the following (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
United States$(47.7)$51.2 $(59.1)
Foreign147.8 110.5 296.4 
Income (loss) before income taxes$100.0 $161.7 $237.3 
Schedule of components of income tax provision (benefit)
The income tax provision (benefit) related to income before income taxes consists of the following components (in millions):
Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
Current:
U.S. federal statutory tax$4.4 $10.1 $(4.0)
State1.4 2.6 1.6 
Foreign22.4 42.9 35.9 
28.2 55.6 33.5 
Deferred:
U.S. federal statutory tax2.2 — 11.0 
State2.7 — 4.6 
Foreign(12.5)(14.4)(12.2)
(7.6)(14.4)3.4 
Non-current tax expense (income)5.3 10.9 19.3 
$25.8 $52.1 $56.2 
Reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to effective income tax rate
A reconciliation of the U.S. federal statutory income tax rate to our effective income tax rate is as follows:
Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
U.S. federal statutory tax rate21.0 %21.0 %21.0 %
Foreign earnings, net of foreign taxes(10.3)(13.3)(13.8)
State income taxes, net of U.S. federal income tax benefit3.2 1.3 2.2 
Tax Reform - GILTI8.8 0.5 6.0 
Tax Reform - BEAT1.7 1.4 0.1 
Uncertain tax positions5.3 6.8 8.2 
Foreign currency adjustments9.6 (2.1)(6.1)
Intercompany interest transfer pricing adjustment1.4 2.0 1.4 
Nontaxable interest income(4.7)(3.0)(2.3)
Nondeductible interest expense1.2 1.9 1.8 
Valuation allowance(8.0)10.6 1.2 
Sale of Company— 3.0 — 
Non-deductible Officer Compensation1.5 1.2 0.5 
Statutory Adjustments(3.2)0.1 0.2 
UK Tax Rate Change(5.9)— — 
Other permanent differences4.1 0.8 3.3 
Effective income tax rate25.8 %32.2 %23.7 %
Schedule of net deferred tax liabilities
The temporary differences which comprise our net deferred tax liabilities are as follows (in millions):
As of December 31,
20212020
Gross Deferred Tax Assets:
Bad debt reserve$9.5 $15.2 
Net operating loss45.9 57.4 
Accrued and other share-based compensation16.6 14.7 
Leases1.5 2.5 
Accrued expenses10.6 3.9 
U.S. foreign income tax credits1.2 1.2 
Other income tax credits0.2 0.2 
Customer deposits1.8 1.2 
Investments1.9 1.9 
Unrealized foreign exchange8.5 16.4 
Unrealized Derivatives1.2 — 
Cash flow hedges1.1 2.9 
Interest Limitation26.2 10.7 
Total gross deferred tax assets126.2 128.2 
Less: Valuation allowance39.7 48.0 
Gross deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance86.5 80.2 
Deferred Tax Liabilities:  
Depreciation(23.9)(23.2)
Goodwill and intangible assets(55.9)(54.8)
Prepaid expenses, deductible for tax purposes(4.3)(3.3)
Deferred tax costs on foreign unrepatriated earnings(10.6)(10.4)
Unrealized derivatives— (6.4)
Other(7.4)(2.3)
Total gross deferred tax liabilities(102.0)(100.4)
Net deferred tax liability$15.5 $20.2 
Net deferred tax asset— — 
Reported on the Consolidated Balance Sheets as:  
Identifiable intangible and other non-current assets for deferred tax assets, non-current$44.8 $33.7 
Non-current income tax liabilities, net of deferred tax liabilities, non-current$60.3 $53.6 
Schedule of expiration of NOL carryforward This deferred tax asset expires as follows (in millions):
Net Operating LossExpiration DateDeferred Tax Asset
US States2022-2041$8.4 
US StatesIndefinite$4.0 
Foreign2022-2041$5.1 
ForeignIndefinite$28.3 
Total$45.9 
Summary of income tax concessions
The increase (decrease) to our foreign income taxes from the Singapore tax concession was as follows (in millions, except per share amounts):
Year Ended December 31,
202120202019
Singapore tax concession impact on foreign income tax$(1.1)$(2.4)$(4.3)
Impact on basic earnings per share$(0.02)$(0.04)$(0.07)
Impact on diluted earnings per share$(0.02)$(0.04)$(0.06)
Schedule of reconciliation of the total amounts of unrecognized income tax benefits
The following is a tabular reconciliation of the total amounts of gross Unrecognized Tax Liabilities for the year (in millions):
 202120202019
Gross Unrecognized Tax Liabilities – opening balance$78.2 $66.5 $57.0 
Gross increases – tax positions in prior period2.4 4.8 12.2 
Gross decreases – tax positions in prior period(6.1)(0.5)(13.5)
Gross increases – tax positions in current period3.5 12.3 14.9 
Settlements— (0.1)(1.4)
Lapse of statute of limitations(2.9)(4.8)(2.7)
Gross Unrecognized Tax Liabilities – ending balance$75.1 $78.2 $66.5 
Schedule of open tax years by jurisdiction with major uncertain tax positions The following table summarizes these open tax years by jurisdiction with material uncertain tax positions:
 Open Tax Year
JurisdictionExamination
in progress
Examination not
yet initiated
Denmark2013 - 20192020 - 2021
South Korea2011 - 20142015 - 2021
GreeceNone2016 - 2021
Other non-U.S.None2014 - 2021