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Business Combinations, Goodwill and Intangible Assets | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2020
Business Combinations, Goodwill and Intangible Assets [Abstract] |
Business Combinations, Goodwill and Intangible Assets | Business Combinations, Goodwill and Intangible Assets Business Combinations Citizens First Acquisition Effective July 1, 2019, the Company acquired Citizens First Corporation (“Citizens First”) and its subsidiary, Citizens First Bank, Inc., pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization dated February 22, 2019. The acquisition was accomplished by the merger of Citizens First with and into the Company, immediately followed by the merger of Citizens First Bank with and into the Company’s subsidiary bank, German American Bank. Citizens First Bank operated 8 banking offices in Barren, Hart, Simpson and Warren Counties in Kentucky. Citizens First's consolidated assets and equity (unaudited) as of July 1, 2019 totaled $456.0 million and $49.8 million, respectively. The Company accounted for the transaction under the acquisition method of accounting which means that the acquired assets and liabilities were recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition. In accordance with ASC 805, the Company expensed approximately $3.3 million of direct acquisition costs and recorded $17.7 million of goodwill and $4.5 million of intangible assets. The intangible assets are related to core deposits and are being amortized over 8 years. For tax purposes, goodwill totaling $17.7 million is non-deductible but will be evaluated annually for impairment. The following table summarizes the fair value of the total consideration transferred as a part of the Citizens First acquisition as well as the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the effective date of the transaction.
Consideration |  |
Cash for Options and Fractional Shares |  | $ | 216 |
Cash Consideration |  | 15,294 |
Equity Instruments |  | 50,118 |
Fair Value of Total Consideration Transferred |  | $ | 65,628 |
Recognized Amounts of Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed: |  |
Cash |  | $ | 21,055 |
Interest-bearing Time Deposits with Banks |  | 2,231 |
Securities |  | 43,839 |
Loans |  | 356,970 |
Stock in FHLB of Indianapolis and Other Restricted Stock, at Cost |  | 2,065 |
Premises, Furniture & Equipment |  | 10,772 |
Other Real Estate |  | — |
Intangible Assets |  | 4,547 |
Company Owned Life Insurance |  | 8,796 |
Accrued Interest Receivable and Other Assets |  | 3,863 |
Deposits - Non-interest Bearing |  | (52,521) |
Deposits - Interest Bearing |  | (318,966) |
FHLB Advances and Other Borrowings |  | (31,068) |
Accrued Interest Payable and Other Liabilities |  | (3,694) |
Total Identifiable Net Assets |  | $ | 47,889 |
Goodwill |  | $ | 17,739 |
Under the terms of the merger agreement, each Citizens First common shareholder of record at the effective time of the merger (other than those holding shares in the Citizens First Bank 401(k) Profit Sharing Plan (the "CFB 401(k) Plan")) became entitled to receive a cash payment of $5.80 and a 0.6629 share of common stock of the Company for each of their former shares of Citizens First common stock. In addition, as record holder of shares of Citizens First common stock held in the CFB 401(k) Plan, the plan administrator was entitled to receive a cash payment of $25.77 for each share held by the CFB 401(k) Plan, which amount is equal to (i) the exchange ratio multiplied by the closing trading price of the Company's common stock on June 28, 2019, plus (ii) $5.80. As a result, in connection with the closing of the merger on July 1, 2019, the Company issued approximately 1,664,000 shares of its common stock to the former shareholders of Citizens First and paid cash consideration in the aggregate amount of $15.5 million. This acquisition is consistent with the Company's strategy to build a regional presence in central and western Kentucky. The acquisition offers the Company the opportunity to increase profitability by introducing existing products and services to the acquired customer base as well as add new customers in the expanded region. The fair value of net assets acquired includes fair value adjustments to certain receivables that were not considered impaired as of the acquisition date. The fair value adjustments were determined using discounted cash flows. However, the Company believes that all contractual cash flows related to these financial instruments will be collected. As such, these receivables were not considered impaired at the acquisition date and were not subject to the guidance relating to purchased credit impaired loans, which are loans that have shown evidence of credit deterioration since origination. Receivables acquired that were not subject to these requirements include non-impaired loans and customer receivables with a fair value of $349.9 million and unpaid principal of $353.3 million on the date of acquisition. The following table presents unaudited pro forma information as if the acquisition had occured on January 1, 2018 after giving effect to certain adjustments. The unaudited pro forma information for the years ended December 31, 2019 and 2018 includes adjustments for interest income on loans and securities acquired, amortization of intangibles arising from the transaction, interest expense on deposits and borrowings acquired, and the related income tax effects. The unaudited pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations that would have occurred had the transaction been effected on the assumed date.
|  | Unaudited Pro Forma Year Ended 12/31/2019 |  | Unaudited Pro Forma Year Ended 12/31/2018
Net Interest Income |  | $ | 155,439 |  |  | $ | 134,129 |
Non-interest Income |  | 46,857 |  |  | 40,678 |
Total Revenue |  | 202,296 |  |  | 174,807 |
Provision for Loan Losses Expense |  | 5,648 |  |  | 2,070 |
Non-interest Expense |  | 116,083 |  |  | 107,995 |
Income Before Income Taxes |  | 80,565 |  |  | 64,742 |
Income Tax Expense |  | 14,358 |  |  | 11,281 |
Net Income |  | $ | 66,207 |  |  | $ | 53,461 |
Earnings Per Share and Diluted Earnings Per Share |  | $ | 2.48 |  |  | $ | 2.13 |
The above pro forma financial information includes approximately $6,624 of net income and $18,436 of total revenue related to the operations of Citizens First during the year ended 2019. The above pro forma financial information related to 2019 excludes non-recurring merger costs that totaled $3,205 on a pre-tax basis for the year ended December 2019. The above pro forma financial information excludes the Citizens First provision for loan loss recognized during the year ended 2019. Under acquisition accounting treatment, loans are recorded at fair value which includes a credit risk component, and therefore the provision for loan loss recognized during the year ended December 31, 2018 was presumed to not be necessary. First Security Acquisition Effective October 15, 2018, the Company acquired First Security, Inc. ("First Security") and its subsidiary, First Security Bank, Inc., pursuant to an Agreement and Plan of Reorganization dated May 22, 2018. The acquisition was accomplished by the merger of First Security with and into the Company, immediately followed by the merger of First Security Bank with and into the Company's bank subsidiary, German American Bank. First Security Bank operated 11 banking offices in Owensboro, Bowling Green, Franklin and Lexington, Kentucky and in Evansville and Newburgh, Indiana. First Security's consolidated assets and equity (unaudited) as of October 14, 2018 totaled $563.0 million and $58.3 million, respectively. The Company accounted for the transaction under the acquisition method of accounting which means that the acquired assets and liabilities were recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition. In accordance with ASC 805, the Company has expensed approximately $4.0 million of direct acquisition costs and recorded $43.2 million of goodwill and $6.1 million of intangible assets. The intangible assets are related to core deposits and are being amortized over 8 years. For tax purposes, goodwill totaling $43.2 million is non-deductible but will be evaluated annually for impairment. The following table summarizes the fair value of the total consideration transferred as a part of the First Security acquisition as well as the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the effective date of the transaction.
Consideration |  |
Cash for Options and Fractional Shares |  | $ | 132 |
Cash Consideration |  | 31,039 |
Equity Instruments |  | 64,898 |
Fair Value of Total Consideration Transferred |  | $ | 96,069 |
Recognized Amounts of Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed: |  |
Cash |  | $ | 13,605 |
Interest-bearing Time Deposits with Banks |  | 250 |
Securities |  | 109,580 |
Loans |  | 390,106 |
Stock in FHLB of Indianapolis and Other Restricted Stock, at Cost |  | 2,607 |
Premises, Furniture & Equipment |  | 11,149 |
Other Real Estate |  | 468 |
Intangible Assets |  | 6,139 |
Company Owned Life Insurance |  | 13,135 |
Accrued Interest Receivable and Other Assets |  | 6,126 |
Deposits - Non-interest Bearing |  | (66,112) |
Deposits - Interest Bearing |  | (358,285) |
FHLB Advances and Other Borrowings |  | (73,275) |
Accrued Interest Payable and Other Liabilities |  | (2,618) |
Total Identifiable Net Assets |  | $ | 52,875 |
Goodwill |  | $ | 43,194 |
Under the terms of the merger agreement, the Company issued approximately 1,988,000 shares of its common stock to the former shareholders of First Security. Each First Security common shareholder of record at the effective time of the merger (other than those holding shares in the First Security, Inc. 401k and Employee Stock Ownership Plan (the "First Security KSOP")) became entitled to receive 0.7982 shares of common stock of the Company for each of their former shares of First Security common stock. In connection with the closing of the merger, the Company paid to First Security's shareholders of record at the close of business on October 14, 2018, cash consideration of $12.00 per First Security share, other than First Security KSOP shares (an aggregate of $29,886 to shareholders), and cash consideration of $40.00 per First Security KSOP share (an aggregate of $1,153), and the Company paid approximately $124 to persons who held options to purchase First Security common stock (all of which rights were canceled at the effective time of the merger and were not assumed by the Company). This acquisition was consistent with the Company’s strategy to build a regional presence in Southern Indiana and Kentucky. The acquisition offers the Company the opportunity to increase profitability by introducing existing products and services to the acquired customer base as well as add new customers in the expanded region. The fair value of net assets acquired includes fair value adjustments to certain receivables that were not considered impaired as of the acquisition date. The fair value adjustments were determined using discounted cash flows. However, the Company believes that all contractual cash flows related to these financial instruments will be collected. As such, these receivables were not considered impaired at the acquisition date and were not subject to the guidance relating to purchased credit impaired loans, which are loans that have shown evidence of credit deterioration since origination. Receivables acquired that were not subject to these requirements include non-impaired loans and customer receivables with a fair value of $382.4 million and unpaid principal of $385.4 million on the date of acquisition. Branch Acquisition On May 18, 2018, German American Bank completed the acquisition of five branch locations of First Financial Bancorp (formerly branch locations of Mainsource Financial Group, Inc. prior to its merger with First Financial Bancorp on April 1, 2018) and certain related assets, and the assumption by German American Bank of certain related liabilities. Four of the branches are located in Columbus, Indiana, and one in Greensburg, Indiana. At the time of closing, German American Bank acquired approximately $175.7 million in deposits and approximately $116.3 million in loans associated with the five bank branches. The premium paid on deposits by German American Bank was approximately $7.4 million. The premium was subject to adjustment to reflect increases or decreases in the deposit balances during the six month period following the closing date. In January 2019, an adjustment of approximately $0.1 million in additional premium was paid by German American Bank as a result of the change in deposits during the six month measurement period. German American Bank also had the ability, under certain circumstances, to put loans back to First Financial Bancorp’s bank subsidiary during such six month period. During the fourth quarter of 2018, approximately $1.3 million of loans were put back by German American Bank. The Company accounted for the transaction under the acquisition method of accounting, which means that the acquired assets and liabilities were recorded at fair value at the date of acquisition. This branch acquisition was consistent with the Company's strategy to continue building its regional presence in Southern Indiana. The acquisition offers the Company the opportunity to increase profitability by introducing existing products and services to the acquired customer base as well as add new customers in the expanded region. In accordance with ASC 805, the Company has expensed approximately $691 of direct acquisition costs and recorded $7.0 million of goodwill and $3.5 million of intangible assets. The intangible assets are related to core deposits and are being amortized over 8 years. For tax purposes, goodwill totaling $7.0 million is tax deductible and will be amortized over 15 years. The following table summarizes the fair value of the total cash received as part of the branch acquisition as well as the fair value of identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed as of the effective date of the transaction.
Total Cash Received from First Financial |  | $ | 41,826 |
Recognized Amounts of Identifiable Assets Acquired and Liabilities Assumed: |  |
Cash |  | $ | 756 |
Loans |  | 116,305 |
Premises, Furniture & Equipment |  | 5,666 |
Intangible Assets |  | 3,475 |
Accrued Interest Receivable and Other Assets |  | 780 |
Deposits - Non-interest Bearing |  | (39,607) |
Deposits - Interest Bearing |  | (136,096) |
Accrued Interest Payable and Other Liabilities |  | (70) |
Total Identifiable Net Assets |  | $ | (48,791) |
Goodwill |  | $ | 6,965 |
Goodwill The changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for the periods ended December 31, 2020, 2019, and 2018, were classified as follows:
|  | 2020 |  | 2019 |  | 2018
Beginning of Year |  | $ | 121,306 |  |  | $ | 103,681 |  |  | $ | 54,058 |
Acquired Goodwill |  | 650 |  |  | 17,625 |  |  | 49,623 |
Impairment |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
End of Year |  | $ | 121,956 |  |  | $ | 121,306 |  |  | $ | 103,681 |
Of the $121,956 carrying amount of goodwill, $120,624 is allocated to the core banking segment, and $1,332 is allocated to the insurance segment for the period ended December 31, 2020. During 2020, the Company finalized valuation estimates for the Citizens First acquisition and recorded $650 of additional goodwill. Of the $121,306 carrying amount of goodwill, $119,974 is allocated to the core banking segment, and $1,332 is allocated to the insurance segment for the period ended December 31, 2019. Of the $103,681 carrying amount of goodwill, $102,349 is allocated to the core banking segment and $1,332 is allocated to the insurance segment for the period ended December 31, 2018. Impairment exists when a reporting unit’s carrying value of goodwill exceeds its fair value. At December 31, 2020, the Company’s reporting units had positive equity, and the Company elected to perform a qualitative assessment to determine if it was more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting units exceeded its carrying value, including goodwill. The qualitative assessment indicated that it was more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit exceeded its carrying value, resulting in no impairment. Acquired Intangible Assets Acquired intangible assets were as follows as of year end:
|  | 2020
|  | Gross Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization
Core Banking |  |  |  |
Core Deposit Intangible |  | $ | 25,780 |  |  | $ | (18,619) |
Branch Acquisition Intangible |  | 257 |  |  | (257) |
Insurance |  |  |  |
Customer List |  | 5,408 |  |  | (5,318) |
Total |  | $ | 31,445 |  |  | $ | (24,194) |
|  | 2019
|  | Gross Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization
Core Banking |  |  |  |
Core Deposit Intangible |  | $ | 25,780 |  |  | $ | (15,110) |
Branch Acquisition Intangible |  | 257 |  |  | (257) |
Insurance |  |  |  |
Customer List |  | 5,408 |  |  | (5,288) |
Total |  | $ | 31,445 |  |  | $ | (20,655) |
Amortization Expense was $3,539, $3,721 and $1,752, for 2020, 2019 and 2018. Estimated amortization expense for each of the next five years is as follows:
2021 |  | $ | 2,745 |
2022 |  | 1,990 |
2023 |  | 1,337 |
2024 |  | 751 |
2025 |  | 337 |

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