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CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 9 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2023
Jun. 30, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:    
Net income $ 5,619 $ 23,019
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash (used in) provided by operating activities:    
Depreciation and amortization 18,649 12,124
Amortization of right-of-use assets for operating leases 15,439 12,636
Bad debt expense 1,447 2,077
Stock-based compensation 3,815 3,273
Deferred income taxes 2,594 (6,283)
Training equipment credits earned, net 1,299 (921)
Unrealized (loss) gain on interest rate swap (151) 1,368
Other (gains) losses, net (197) 537
Changes in assets and liabilities:    
Receivables (2,869) (8,234)
Prepaid expenses (3,293) (1,439)
Other assets 623 (621)
Notes receivable (22) 956
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities (13,949) 1,275
Deferred revenue (16,884) (16,809)
Operating lease liability (16,094) (10,778)
Other liabilities (759) (4,274)
Net cash (used in) provided by operating activities (4,733) 7,906
Cash flows from investing activities:    
Cash paid for acquisition, net of cash acquired (16,381) (26,514)
Purchase of property and equipment (48,847) (69,608)
Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity securities 29,000 0
Return of capital contribution from unconsolidated affiliate 0 188
Net cash used in investing activities (36,228) (95,934)
Cash flows from financing activities:    
Proceeds from revolving credit facility 90,000 0
Proceeds from term loan 0 38,000
Payment of preferred stock cash dividend (2,528) (2,617)
Payments on term loans and finance leases (1,179) (19,004)
Payment of payroll taxes on stock-based compensation through shares withheld (761) (633)
Net cash provided by financing activities 85,048 15,391
Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 44,087 (72,637)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 66,452 133,721
Restricted cash, beginning of period 3,544 12,256
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 69,996 145,977
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period 110,511 70,713
Restricted cash, end of period 3,572 2,627
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period 114,083 73,340
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:    
Income taxes paid, net of refunds 967 696
Interest paid 6,442 1,208
Training equipment obtained in exchange for services 500 1,247
Depreciation of training equipment obtained in exchange for services 558 691
Accounts payable and accrued expenses for capital expenditures 1,836 (374)
Preferred dividends payable 1,263 1,296
CARES Act funds received for student emergency grants 0 6,689
CARES Act funds disbursed for student emergency grants 0 (6,774)
Term Loan    
Cash flows from financing activities:    
Debt issuance costs for long-term debt $ (484) $ (355)