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CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS - USD ($)
$ in Thousands
 12 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2024
Sep. 30, 2023
Sep. 30, 2022
Cash flows from operating activities:      
Net income $ 42,001 $ 12,322 $ 25,848
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:      
Depreciation and amortization 29,324 25,215 16,884
Amortization of right-of-use assets for operating leases 21,861 20,604 15,893
Intangible asset impairment expense 0 0 2,000
Provision for credit losses 7,547 3,319 2,510
Stock-based compensation 8,560 3,848 4,337
Deferred income taxes 4,439 4,636 (6,014)
Training equipment credits earned, net 1,371 1,375 180
Unrealized (loss) gain on interest rate swaps, net of taxes (1,357) 250 2,492
Other losses, net 431 276 663
Changes in assets and liabilities:      
Receivables (12,123) (4,194) 564
Notes receivable (5,804) (791) 252
Prepaid expenses and other current assets (3,651) (2,013) (1,737)
Other assets (1,418) 740 (1,673)
Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities 13,195 (5,718) 7,115
Deferred revenue 6,800 11,370 (5,268)
Income tax payable/receivable (2,066) (908) 222
Operating lease liability (22,449) (20,474) (13,952)
Other liabilities (766) (709) (4,285)
Net cash provided by operating activities 85,895 49,148 46,031
Cash flows from investing activities:      
Purchase of property and equipment (24,298) (56,685) (79,450)
Purchase of held-to-maturity investments 0 0 (28,821)
Proceeds received upon maturity of investments 0 29,000 0
Proceeds from insurance policy 296 0 0
Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired 0 (16,381) (26,514)
Return of capital contribution from unconsolidated affiliate 0 0 188
Net cash used in investing activities (24,002) (44,066) (134,597)
Cash flows from financing activities:      
Proceeds from revolving credit facility 41,000 90,000 0
Proceeds from term loans 0 0 38,000
Debt issuance costs related to long-term debt 0 (516) (378)
Payment of term loans and finance leases (2,518) (1,788) (19,227)
Payments on revolving credit facility (75,000) 0 0
Payment of preferred stock cash dividend (1,097) (5,069) (5,159)
Preferred share repurchase (11,503) 0 0
Payment of payroll taxes on stock-based compensation through shares withheld (2,227) (781) (651)
Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities (51,345) 81,846 12,585
Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash 10,548 86,928 (75,981)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period 151,547 66,452 133,721
Restricted cash, beginning of period 5,377 3,544 12,256
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period 156,924 69,996 145,977
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period 161,900 151,547 66,452
Restricted cash, end of period 5,572 5,377 3,544
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period 167,472 156,924 69,996
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:      
Income taxes paid, net of refunds 10,683 658 859
Interest paid 10,391 9,069 1,937
Training equipment obtained in exchange for services 1,130 1,082 1,454
Depreciation of training equipment obtained in exchange for services 625 692 918
Change in accrued capital expenditures during the period (2,479) 3,621 (2,592)
Conversion of Series A Preferred Stock 63,206 0 0
CARES Act funds received for student emergency grants (See Note 24) 0 0 6,689
CARES Act funds disbursed for student emergency grants (See Note 24) $ 0 $ 0 $ (6,919)