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Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Policies) (FaceBank Group, Inc. Pre-Merger)
3 Months Ended 9 Months Ended 12 Months Ended
Mar. 31, 2020
Sep. 30, 2020
Dec. 31, 2019
Principles of Consolidation  

Principles of Consolidation and Basis of Presentation

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts, as of September 30, 2020, of the Company, its wholly-owned subsidiaries and its 99.7%-owned operating subsidiary EAI, which, until the Merger, was the Company’s principal operating subsidiary; inactive subsidiaries York Production LLC and York Production II LLC; wholly-owned subsidiaries Facebank AG, StockAccess Holdings SAS (“SAH”) and FBNK Finance Sarl (“FBNK Finance”); its 70.0% ownership in Highlight Finance Corp. (“HFC”); and its 76% ownership in Pulse Evolution Corporation (“PEC”). Subsequent to the Merger, fuboTV Pre-Merger became our wholly owned subsidiary. All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation. 

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information and pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 8 of Regulation S-X of the Securities and Exchange Commission (the “SEC”). In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments and events in the current period such as the Nexway deconsolidation and acquisition of fuboTV Pre-Merger, considered necessary for a fair presentation of such interim results.

 

The results for the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020 or for any future interim period. The unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet as at December 31, 2019 has been derived from the audited financial statements; however, it does not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019 and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on May 29, 2020, as amended on Form 10-K/A filed with the SEC on August 11, 2020 along with the consolidated financial statements for fuboTV Pre-Merger for the year ended December 31, 2019 and notes thereto included on Form 8-K/A filed with the SEC on June 17, 2020.

 
Reclassifications  

Reclassifications

 

For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2019, the Company has reclassified certain prior year amounts on the face of the financial statements in order to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications had no effect on the Company’s consolidated financial position, results of operations, or liquidity.

 
Use of Estimates  

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Management bases its estimates on historical experience and on various other assumptions it believes to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The significant estimates and assumptions include allocating the fair value of purchase consideration to assets acquired and liabilities assumed in business acquisitions, useful lives of property and equipment and intangible assets, recoverability of goodwill, long-lived assets, and investments, accruals for contingent liabilities, valuations of derivative liabilities, equity instruments issued in share-based payment arrangements and accounting for income taxes, including the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets.

 
Concentrations  

Certain Risks and Concentrations

 

Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of demand deposits. The Company maintains cash deposits with financial institutions that at times exceed applicable insurance limits.

 

The majority of the Company’s software and computer systems utilizes data processing, storage capabilities and other services provided by Amazon Web Services, or AWS, which cannot be easily switched to another cloud service provider. As such, any disruption of the Company’s interference with AWS would adversely impact the Company’s operations and business.

 
Property and Equipment  

Property and Equipment, net

 

Property and equipment is stated at cost, net of accumulated depreciation. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets. Leasehold improvements are depreciated over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the assets. When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any resulting gain or loss is reflected in the consolidated statements of operations and comprehensive loss in the period realized. Maintenance and repairs are expensed as incurred.

 
Fair Value of Financial Instruments  

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The Company accounts for financial instruments under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820, Fair Value Measurements. This statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. To increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements, ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels as follows:

 

Level 1 — quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

 

Level 2 — observable inputs other than Level 1, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, and model-derived prices whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable; and

 

Level 3 — assets and liabilities whose significant value drivers are unobservable.

 
Acquisitions and Business Combinations  

Acquisitions and Business Combinations

 

The Company allocates the fair value of purchase consideration issued in business combination transactions to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and separately identified intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Significant estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include, but are not limited to, future expected cash flows from: (a) acquired technology, (b) trademarks and trade names, and (c) customer relationships, useful lives, and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. The allocation of the purchase consideration may remain preliminary as the Company gathers additional facts about the circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date during the measurement period. The measurement period shall not exceed one year from the acquisition date. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to earnings.

 
Revenue from Contracts with Customers  

Revenue From Contracts With Customers

 

The Company recognizes revenue from contracts with customers under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (the “revenue standard”). The core principle of the revenue standard is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. A good or service is transferred to a customer when, or as, the customer obtains control of that good or service. The following five steps are applied to achieve that core principle:

 

  Step 1: Identify the contract with the customer
  Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract
  Step 3: Determine the transaction price
  Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
  Step 5: Recognize revenue when the company satisfies a performance obligation

 

The Company generates revenue from the following sources:

 

  1. Subscriptions – The Company sells various subscription plans through its website and third-party app stores. These subscription plans provide different levels of streamed content and functionality depending on the plan selected. Subscription fees are fixed and paid in advance by credit card on a monthly, quarterly or annual basis. A subscription customer executes a contract by agreeing to the Company’s terms of service. The Company considers the subscription contract legally enforceable once the customer has accepted terms of service and the Company has received credit card authorization from the customer’s credit card company. The terms of service allow customers to terminate the subscription at any time, however, in the event of termination, no prepaid subscription fees are refundable. The Company recognizes revenue when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of the promised services to the customers, which is ratably over the subscription period. Upon the customer agreeing to the Company’s terms and conditions and authorization of the credit card, the customer simultaneously receives and consumes the benefits of the streamed content ratably throughout the term of the contract. Subscription services sold through third-party app stores are recorded gross in revenue with fees to the third-party app stores recorded in subscriber related expenses in the consolidated statement of operations. Management concluded that the customers are the end user of the subscription services sold by these third-party app stores.

 

  2. Advertisements – The Company executes agreements with advertisers that want to display ads (“impressions”) within the streamed content. The Company enters into individual insertion orders (“IOs”) with advertisers, which specify the term of each ad campaign, the number of impressions to be delivered and the applicable rate to be charged. The Company invoices advertisers monthly for impressions actually delivered during the period. Each executed IO provides the terms and conditions agreed to in respect of each party’s obligations. The Company recognizes revenue at a point in time when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of the promised services to the advertiser, which generally is when the advertisement has been displayed.  
     
  3. Software licenses, net – Revenue from the sale of software licenses are recognized as a single performance obligation at the point in time that the software license is delivered to the customer. The Company under its contracts is required to provide its customers with 30 days to return the license for a full refund, regardless of reason, and the Company will be provided a refund in full of its cost to sell the license. Therefore, for Nexway, the Company acts as an agent and recognizes revenue on a net basis.  As a result of the deconsolidation of Nexway AG which was effective as of March 31, 2020, the Company no longer generates revenue from software licenses.(See Note 7)
     
  4. Other – The Company has an annual contract to sub-license its rights to broadcast certain international sporting events to a third party. The Company recognizes revenue under this contract at a point in time when it satisfies a performance obligation by transferring control of the promised services to the third party, which generally is when the third party has access to the programming content.

 
Loss Per Share  

Net Loss Per Share

 

Basic net loss per share is computed by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share excludes the potential impact of the Company’s convertible notes, convertible preferred stock, common stock options and warrants because their effect would be anti-dilutive.

 

The following table presents the calculation of basic and diluted net loss per share (in thousands, except per share data):

 

    Three Months Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    2020     2019     2020     2019  
                         
Basic loss per share:                                
Net loss   $ (274,117 )   $ (6,909 )   $ (404,064 )   $ (15,794 )
Less: net (loss) income attributable to non-controlling interest           (128 )     1,555       2,653  
Less: Deemed dividend - beneficial conversion feature on preferred stock           (6 )           (6 )
Add: deemed dividend on Series D Preferred Stock           (379 )           (379 )
Net loss attributable to common stockholders   $ (274,117 )   $ (7,166 )   $ (402,509 )   $ (16,179 )
                                 
Shares used in computation:                                
Weighted-average common shares outstanding     44,199,709       24,363,124       36,577,183       20,165,089  
                                 
Basic and diluted loss per share   $ (6.20 )   $ (0.29 )   $ (11.00 )   $ (0.80 )

The following common share equivalents are excluded from the calculation of weighted average common shares outstanding because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

 

    September 30,     September 30,  
    2020     2019  
Common stock purchase warrants     9,538,533       200,007  
Series AA convertible preferred shares     64,648,724       -  
Series D convertible preferred shares     -       455,233  
Stock options     17,952,213       16,667  
Convertible notes variable settlement feature     -       609,491  
Total     92,139,470       1,281,398  
 
Segment Reporting  

Segment and Reporting Unit Information

 

Operating segments are defined as components of an entity for which discrete financial information is available that is regularly reviewed by the Chief Operating Decision Maker (“CODM”) in deciding how to allocate resources to an individual segment and in assessing performance. A committee consisting of the Company’s executives are determined to be the CODM. The CODM reviews financial information and makes resource allocation decisions between the fubo TV and Facebank pre-merger businesses. As such, the Company has two operating segments (fuboTV and Facebank) as of September 30, 2020. As of September 30, 2020, the Facebank operating segment had nominal operations.

 
Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements  

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

 

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, “Financial Instruments – Credit Losses”. The ASU sets forth a “current expected credit loss” (“CECL”) model which requires the Company to measure all expected credit losses for financial instruments held at the reporting date based on historical experience, current conditions, and reasonable supportable forecasts. This replaces the existing incurred loss model and is applicable to the measurement of credit losses on financial assets measured at amortized cost and applies to some off-balance sheet credit exposures. This ASU was effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within those fiscal years, with early adoption permitted. Recently, the FASB issued the final ASU to delay adoption for smaller reporting companies to calendar year 2023. The Company will adopt this standard on January 1, 2021 and the Company does not anticipate that adopting the standard will have a material impact on the condensed financial statements and related disclosures.

 

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2020 and the adoption did not have a material impact on the condensed financial statements and related disclosures.

 

In August 2020, the FASB issued ASU No. 2020-06, Debt—Debt with Conversion and Other Options (Subtopic 470-20) and Derivatives and Hedging—Contracts in Entity’s Own Equity (Subtopic 815-40): Accounting for Convertible Instruments and Contracts in an Entity’s Own Equity, which simplifies accounting for convertible instruments by removing major separation models required under current GAAP. The ASU removes certain settlement conditions that are required for equity contracts to qualify for the derivative scope exception and it also simplifies the diluted earnings per share calculation in certain areas. This ASU is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2021, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, but no earlier than fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2020. This update permits the use of either the modified retrospective or fully retrospective method of transition. The Company is currently evaluating the impact this ASU will have on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

 
FaceBank Group, Inc Pre-Merger [Member]      
Principles of Consolidation

Principles of Consolidation

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts, as of March 31, 2020, of the Company and its 99.7%-owned operating subsidiary EAI, which, until the Merger, was the Company’s principal operating subsidiary; inactive subsidiaries York Production LLC and York Production II LLC; wholly-owned subsidiaries Facebank AG, StockAccess Holdings SAS (“SAH”) and FBNK Finance Sarl (“FBNK Finance”); its 70.0% ownership in Highlight Finance Corp. (“HFC”); and its 76% ownership in Pulse Evolution Corporation (“PEC”). All significant inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in accordance with the accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) for interim financial information. In the opinion of management, the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments (except for the Nexway deconsolidation), considered necessary for a fair presentation of such interim results.

 

The results for the unaudited condensed consolidated statement of operations are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the year ending December 31, 2020 or for any future interim period. The unaudited condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2019 has been derived from the audited financial statements; however, it does not include all of the information and notes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2019 and notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on May 29, 2020.

 

Principles of Consolidation

 

The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its 99.7% owned principal operating subsidiary Evolution AI Corporation (“EAI”), 62.3% majority-owned operating subsidiary Nexway AG (“Nexway”), wholly-owned subsidiaries Facebank AG and StockAccess Holdings SAS (“SAH”), 70.0% majority-owned operating subsidiary Highlight Finance Corp. (“HFC”), inactive subsidiaries York Production LLC and York Production II LLC and its 68% majority owned subsidiary, Pulse Evolution Corporation (“PEC”). All inter-company balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

Reclassifications    

Reclassifications

 

Certain prior year amounts have been reclassified to conform to the current year presentation. These reclassifications have no impact on the previously reported financial position or results of operations.

Use of Estimates

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The significant estimates and assumptions include allocating the fair value of purchase consideration issued in business acquisitions, useful lives of intangible assets, analysis of impairments of recorded intangible assets, accruals for potential liabilities, assumptions made in valuing derivative liabilities and assumptions made when estimating the fair value of equity instruments issued in share-based payment arrangements and fair value of equity method investees.

 

Use of Estimates

 

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The significant estimates and assumptions include allocating the fair value of purchase consideration issued in business acquisitions, useful lives of intangible assets, analysis of impairments of recorded intangible assets, accruals for potential liabilities, assumptions made in valuing derivative liabilities and assumptions made when estimating the fair value of equity instruments issued in share-based payment arrangements.

Significant Accounting Policies

Significant Accounting Policies

 

For a detailed discussion about the Company’s significant accounting policies, see the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K filed with the SEC on May 29, 2020.

   
Cash and Cash Equivalents    

Cash and Cash Equivalents

 

The Company’s cash balances primarily consist of funds maintained at Nexway AG. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with an original maturity of three months or less when purchased to be cash equivalents. The Company does not have any cash equivalents as of December 31, 2019 and 2018. Nearly all of the cash held by the Company as of December 31, 2019 was held in banks in France and Germany. Under the EU banking directive of 94/19/EC, both Germany and France created insurance funds covering 100,000 EUR per account. The Company holds significant amounts of cash in excess of those insurance limits, however, the Company maintains its accounts at high quality financial institutions and to date has never experienced a loss.

Fair Value Estimates    

Fair Value Estimates

 

The carrying amounts of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities, such as cash, other assets, accounts payable and accrued payroll, approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments. The carrying amounts of notes payable and convertible notes approximate their fair values due to the fact that the effective interest rates on these obligations are comparable to market interest rates for instruments of similar credit risk.

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts    

Accounts Receivable and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

Accounts receivable are reported at realizable value, net of allowances for contractual credits and doubtful accounts. The Company records allowances for doubtful accounts receivable based upon expected collectability. The reserve is generally established based upon an analysis of its aged receivables. Additionally, if necessary, a specific reserve for individual accounts is recorded when the Company becomes aware of a customer’s inability to meet its financial obligations, such as in the case of a bankruptcy filing or deterioration in the customer’s operating results or financial position. The Company also regularly reviews the allowance by considering factors such as historical collections experience, credit quality, age of the accounts receivable balance and current economic conditions that may affect a customer’s ability to pay. If actual bad debts differ from the reserves calculated, the Company records an adjustment to bad debt expense in the period in which the difference occurs.

Concentrations    

Concentrations

 

For the year ended December 31, 2019 and 2018, no customer accounted for more than 10% of sales and accounts receivable. 

Vendor Concentration    

Vendor Concentration

 

For the year ended December 31, 2019 the Company purchased approximately 47% of its licenses sold to customers from two vendors and those two vendors accounts for approximately 60% of accounts payable as of December 31, 2019.

Property and Equipment    

Property and Equipment

 

Property and equipment, which principally consists of furniture and fixtures, are stated at cost, and are depreciated using the straight-line method over the estimated useful life of five years. Repairs and maintenance are expensed as incurred.

Fair Value of Financial Instruments    

Fair Value of Financial Instruments

 

The Company accounts for financial instruments under Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) 820, Fair Value Measurements. This statement defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in generally accepted accounting principles, and expands disclosures about fair value measurements. To increase consistency and comparability in fair value measurements, ASC 820 establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value into three levels as follows:

 

Level 1 — quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities;

 

Level 2 — observable inputs other than Level 1, quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar assets and liabilities in markets that are not active, and model-derived prices whose inputs are observable or whose significant value drivers are observable; and

 

Level 3 — assets and liabilities whose significant value drivers are unobservable.

Long-term Investments    

Long-Term Investments

 

As described in Note 6 to these consolidated financial statements, effective January 1, 2019, the Company adopted Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-01 and related ASU 2018-03 concerning recognition and measurement of financial assets and financial liabilities. In adopting this new guidance, the Company has made an accounting policy election to adopt an adjusted cost method measurement alternative for investments in equity securities without readily determinable fair values.

 

For equity investments that are accounted for using the measurement alternative, the Company initially records equity investments that qualify for the measurement alternative at cost, but is required to adjust the carrying value of such equity investments through earnings when there is an observable transaction involving the same or a similar investment with the same issuer or upon an impairment.

 

For equity investments that result in the Company having significant influence, but not control, of an entity, the Company applies the equity method of accounting.

 

Loans for which the Company has the intent and ability to hold for the foreseeable future or until maturity are classified as held for investment and accounted for at cost, adjusted for unamortized premiums and discounts, net of allowance for loan losses.

Impairment Testing of Long-Lived Assets    

Impairment Testing of Long-Lived Assets

 

The Company evaluates long-lived assets for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that their net book value may not be recoverable. When such factors and circumstances exist, the Company compares the projected undiscounted future cash flows associated with the related asset or group of assets over their estimated useful lives against their respective carrying amount. Impairment, if any, is based on the excess of the carrying amount over the fair value, based on market value when available, or discounted expected cash flows, of those assets and is recorded in the period in which the determination is made.

 

During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recorded impairment charges of approximately $8.6 million related to the intangible assets acquired with the Company’s acquisition of Nexway (See Note 5).

Acquisitions and Business Combinations    

Acquisitions and Business Combinations

 

The Company allocates the fair value of purchase consideration issued in business combination transactions to the tangible assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and separately identified intangible assets acquired based on their estimated fair values. The excess of the fair value of purchase consideration over the fair values of these identifiable assets and liabilities is recorded as goodwill. Such valuations require management to make significant estimates and assumptions, especially with respect to intangible assets. Significant estimates in valuing certain intangible assets include, but are not limited to, future expected cash flows from, acquired technology, trade-marks and trade names, useful lives, and discount rates. Management’s estimates of fair value are based upon assumptions believed to be reasonable, but which are inherently uncertain and unpredictable and, as a result, actual results may differ from estimates. During the measurement period, which is one year from the acquisition date, we may record adjustments to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, with the corresponding offset to goodwill. Upon the conclusion of the measurement period, any subsequent adjustments are recorded to earnings.

Goodwill    

Goodwill

 

The Company tests goodwill for impairment at the reporting unit level on an annual basis on December 31 for each fiscal year or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of goodwill may not be recoverable. The Company assesses qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a single reporting unit is less than its carrying amount under ASU No. 2017-04, Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment, issued by the FASB. If it is determined that the fair value is less than its carrying amount, the excess of the goodwill carrying amount over the implied fair value is recognized as an impairment loss.

 

The Company tested goodwill for impairment as of December 31, 2019 and based on its review, goodwill was not impaired. There were no goodwill impairment charges recorded during the year ended December 31, 2018. Changes in economic and operating conditions and the impact of COVID-19 could result in goodwill impairment in future periods.

Intangible Assets    

Intangible Assets

 

The Company’s intangible assets represent definite lived intangible assets, which are being amortized on a straight- line basis over their estimated useful lives as follows:

 

Human animation technologies     7 years  
Trademark and trade names     7 years  
Animation and visual effects technologies     7 years  
Digital asset library     5-7 years  
Intellectual Property     7 years  
Customer relationships     11 years  

Convertible Instruments with Embedded Features    

Convertible Instruments With Embedded Features

 

The Company evaluates its convertible instruments to determine if those contracts or embedded components of those contracts qualify as derivative financial instruments to be separately accounted for in accordance with Topic 815 of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”). The accounting treatment of derivative financial instruments requires that the Company record the conversion options and warrants at their fair values as of the inception date of the agreement and as of each subsequent balance sheet date. Any change in fair value is recorded as non-operating, non-cash income or expense for each reporting period conversion options, when bifurcated, are recorded as a discount to the host instrument and are amortized as interest expense over the life of the underlying instrument using the effective interest method. The Company reassesses the classification of its derivative instruments at each balance sheet date. If the classification changes as a result of events during the period, the contract is reclassified as of the date of the event that caused the reclassification.

 

The Monte Carlo simulation model was used to estimate the fair value of the warrants that are classified as derivative liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The model includes subjective input assumptions that can materially affect the fair value estimates. The expected volatility is estimated based on the most recent historical period of time equal to the weighted average life of the warrants.

Derivative Financial Instruments    

Derivative Financial Instruments

 

Derivative liabilities are recognized in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value based on the criteria specified in ASC Topic 815-15 – Derivatives and Hedging – Embedded Derivatives (“ASC 815-15”). The Company evaluates all of its financial instruments, including embedded conversion features in convertible debt and warrants, and unit investments that include the sale of a profits interest, to determine if such instruments are derivatives or contain features that qualify as embedded derivatives. The classification of derivative instruments, including whether such instruments should be recorded as liabilities or as equity, is re-assessed at the end of each reporting period.

 

The Monte Carlo simulation model was used to estimate the fair value of the embedded conversion features of the Company’s convertible notes that are classified as derivative liabilities on the consolidated balance sheets. The model includes subjective input assumptions that can materially affect the fair value estimates. The expected volatility is estimated based on the most recent historical period of time equal to the weighted average life of the convertible notes.

Warrant Liability    

Warrant Liability

 

The Company accounts for common stock warrants with cash settlement features as liability instruments at fair value. This liability is subject to re-measurement at each balance sheet date until exercised, and any change in fair value is recognized in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The fair value of liabilities classified as warrants has been estimated using the Monte Carlo simulation model.

Deferred Tax Liability

Deferred Tax Liability

 

The following is a rollforward of the Company’s deferred tax liability from January 1, 2020 to March 31, 2020 (in thousands):

 

    March 31, 2020  
Beginning balance   $ 30,879  
Income tax benefit (associated with the amortization of intangible assets)     (1,038 )
Deconsolidation of Nexway     (1,162 )
Ending balance   $ 28,679  

 

Deferred Tax Liability

 

The Company recognized $1.2 million of deferred tax liabilities related to its Facebank AG acquisition, and $0.5 million related to its Nexway acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2019. During the year ended December 31, 2019, the Company recognized a full impairment of the intangible assets acquired with its Nexway acquisition, and eliminated the related deferred tax liability. The Company recorded $36.9 million of deferred tax liabilities related to the EAI acquisition and $0.2 million related to the Namegames acquisition during the year ended December 31, 2018. The following is a rollforward of the Company’s deferred tax liability from January 1, 2019 to December 31, 2019 (in thousands):

 

    December 31, 2019     December 31, 2018  
Beginning balance   $ 35,000     $ -  
Evolution AI acquisition     -       36,937  
Namegames acquisition     -       177  
Facebank acquisition     1,151       -  
Nexway acquisition     450       -  
Impairment of Nexway intangible assets     (450 )     -  
Income tax benefit (associated with the amortization of intangible assets)     (5,272 )     (2,114 )
Ending balance   $ 30,879     $ 35,000  

Convertible Preferred Stock    

Convertible Preferred Stock

 

Preferred shares subject to mandatory redemption are classified as liability instruments and are measured at fair value. The Company classifies conditionally redeemable preferred shares, which includes preferred shares that feature redemption rights that are either within the control of the holder or subject to redemption upon the occurrence of uncertain events not solely within the Company’s control, as temporary equity (“mezzanine”) until such time as the conditions are removed or lapse.

Non-Controlling Interest    

Non-Controlling Interest

 

Non-controlling interest represents PEC stockholders who retained an aggregate 32% interest in that entity following the Company acquisition of EAI. Non-controlling interest is adjusted for the non-controlling interest holders’ proportionate share of the earnings or losses even if loss allocations result in a deficit non-controlling interest balance.

Sequencing    

Sequencing

 

On July 30, 2019, the Company adopted a sequencing policy under ASC 815-40-35 whereby in the event that reclassification of contracts from equity to assets or liabilities is necessary pursuant to ASC 815 due to the Company’s inability to demonstrate it has sufficient authorized shares as a result of certain securities with a potentially indeterminable number of shares, shares will be allocated on the basis of the earliest issuance date of potentially dilutive instruments, with the earliest grants receiving the first allocation of shares. Pursuant to ASC 815, issuance of securities to the Company’s employees or directors are not subject to the sequencing policy.

Leases    

Leases

 

Effective January 1, 2019, the Company accounts for its leases under ASC 842, Leases. Under this guidance, arrangements meeting the definition of a lease are classified as operating or financing leases and are recorded on the consolidated balance sheet as both a right of use asset and lease liability, calculated by discounting fixed lease payments over the lease term at the rate implicit in the lease or the Company’s incremental borrowing rate. Lease liabilities are increased by interest and reduced by payments each period, and the right of use asset is amortized over the lease term. For operating leases, interest on the lease liability and the amortization of the right of use asset result in straight-line rent expense over the lease term. The adoption of ASC 842 did not have an effect on the Company’s consolidated results of operations or cash flows, due to the leases having a term of less than one year.

 

 

In calculating the right of use asset and lease liability, the Company elects to combine lease and non-lease components. The Company excludes short-term leases having initial terms of 12 months or less, if any, from the new guidance as an accounting policy election, and recognizes rent expense on a straight-line basis over the lease term.

 

The Company continues to account for leases in the prior period financial statements under ASC Topic 840.

Revenue from Contracts with Customers    

Revenue From Contracts With Customers

 

The Company recognizes revenue from contracts with customers under ASC 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (the “revenue standard”) on a net basis, as the Company is an agent and not a principal. The core principle of the revenue standard is that a company should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the company expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. A good or service is transferred to a customer when, or as, the customer obtains control of that good or service. The following five steps are applied to achieve that core principle:

 

  Step 1: Identify the contract with the customer
  Step 2: Identify the performance obligations in the contract
  Step 3: Determine the transaction price
  Step 4: Allocate the transaction price to the performance obligations in the contract
  Step 5: Recognize revenue when the company satisfies a performance obligation

 

The Company recognized net revenues from contracts with customers of approximately $4.3 million during the year ended December 31, 2019, primarily from the sale of software licenses. Revenue from the sale of software licenses are recognized as a single performance obligation at the point in time that the software license is delivered to the customer. The Company under its contracts is required to provide its customers with 30 days to return the license for a full refund, regardless of reason, and the Company will be provided a refund in full of its cost to sell the license. Therefore, for Nexway, the Company acts as an agent and recognizes revenue on a net basis.

 

The following presents our revenues from contracts disaggregated by major business activity (in thousands):

 

   

Year Ended

December 31, 2019

 
Nexway eCommerce Solutions   $ 3,359  
Nexway Academics     912  
Total   $ 4,271  

Stock-Based Compensation    

Stock-Based Compensation

 

The Company accounts for share-based payment awards exchanged for services at the estimated grant date fair value of the award. Stock options issued under the Company’s long-term incentive plans are granted with an exercise price equal to no less than the market price of the Company’s stock at the date of grant and expire up to ten years from the date of grant. These options generally vest on the grant date or over a one- year period.

 

The Company estimates the fair value of stock option grants using the Black-Scholes option pricing model and the assumptions used in calculating the fair value of stock-based awards represent management’s best estimates and involve inherent uncertainties and the application of management’s judgment.

 

Expected Term - The expected term of options represents the period that the Company’s stock-based awards are expected to be outstanding based on the simplified method, which is the half-life from vesting to the end of its contractual term.

 

Expected Volatility - The Company computes stock price volatility over expected terms based on its historical common stock trading prices.

 

Risk-Free Interest Rate - The Company bases the risk-free interest rate on the implied yield available on U. S. Treasury zero-coupon issues with an equivalent remaining term.

 

Expected Dividend - The Company has never declared or paid any cash dividends on its common shares and does not plan to pay cash dividends in the foreseeable future, and, therefore, uses an expected dividend yield of zero in its valuation models.

 

Effective January 1, 2017, the Company elected to account for forfeited awards as they occur, as permitted by Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2016-09. Ultimately, the actual expenses recognized over the vesting period will be for those shares that vested. Prior to making this election, the Company estimated a forfeiture rate for awards at 0%, as the Company did not have a significant history of forfeitures.

Income Taxes    

Income Taxes

 

The Company accounts for income taxes under the asset and liability method, in which deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in operations in the period that includes the enactment date. A valuation allowance is required to the extent any deferred tax assets may not be realizable.

 

ASC Topic 740, Income Taxes, (“ASC 740”), also clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes recognized in an enterprise’s financial statements and prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement process for financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. For those benefits to be recognized, a tax position must be more-likely-than-not to be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities. ASC 740 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim period, disclosure and transition. Based on the Company’s evaluation, it has been concluded that there are no significant uncertain tax positions requiring recognition in the Company’s consolidated financial statements. The Company believes that its income tax positions and deductions would be sustained on audit and does not anticipate any adjustments that would result in material changes to its financial position.

Loss Per Share

Loss Per Share

 

Basic loss per share is computed by dividing net loss available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per common share excludes the potential impact of the Company’s convertible notes, convertible preferred stock, common stock options and warrants because their effect would be anti-dilutive.

 

The following common share equivalents are excluded from the calculation of weighted average common shares outstanding because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

 

    March 31,     March 31,  
    2020     2019  
Common stock purchase warrants     200,007       200,007  
Series D Preferred Stock shares     456,000       -  
Stock options     16,667       16,667  
Convertible notes variable settlement feature     311,111       577,503  
Total     983,785       794,177  

 

(Loss)/ Income Per Share

 

Basic (loss) income per share is computed by dividing net (loss) income available to common stockholders by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted (loss) income per share reflects the potential dilution, using the treasury stock method that could occur if securities or other contracts to issue common stock were exercised or converted into common stock or resulted in the issuance of common stock that then shared in the (loss) income of the Company. In computing diluted (loss) income per share, the treasury stock method assumes that outstanding options and warrants are exercised and the proceeds are used to purchase common stock at the average market price during the period. Options and warrants may have a dilutive effect under the treasury stock method only when the average market price of the common stock during the period exceeds the exercise price of the options and warrants.

 

The following common share equivalents are excluded from the calculation of weighted average common shares outstanding because their inclusion would have been anti-dilutive:

 

    December 31,  
    2019     2018  
Common stock purchase warrants     200,007       7  
Series D convertible preferred shares     461,839       -  
Series X convertible preferred shares     -       15,000,000  
Stock options     16,667       16,667  
Convertible notes variable settlement feature     190,096       196,243  
Total     868,609       15,212,917  

Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions    

Foreign Currency Translation and Transactions

 

Assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries having non-U.S. dollar functional currencies are translated at exchange rates at the end of a period. Revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates during the period. The gains or losses resulting from translating foreign currency financial statements into U.S. dollars, net of taxes, if any, are reported as a separate component of Accumulated Other comprehensive income (loss) within stockholders’ equity. Gains or losses resulting from foreign currency transactions are included in Other income (expense) in the Company’s Consolidated Statements of Operations.

Segment Reporting    

Segment Reporting

 

The Company has only one operating segment and reporting unit. The Company defines its segments as those business units whose operating results are regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker (“CODM”) to analyze performance and allocate resources. The Company’s CODM is its Chief Executive Officer. As of and for the year ended December 31, 2019, the CODM only reviews consolidated results to analyze performance and allocate resources.

 

Revenues, classified by the major geographic areas in which our customers were located, were as follows (in thousands):

 

    Revenues  
Europe   $ 4,049  
United States     222  
Total   $ 4,271  

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements    

Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements

 

In February 2016, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU’) 2016-02, Leases (Topic 842) which supersedes FASB Topic 840, Leases (Topic 840) and provides principles for the recognition, measurement, presentation and disclosure of leases for both lessees and lessors. The new standard requires lessees to apply a dual approach, classifying leases as either finance or operating leases based on the principle of whether or not the lease is effectively a financed purchase by the lessee. This classification will determine whether lease expense is recognized based on an effective interest method or on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease, respectively. A lessee is also required to record a right-of-use asset and a lease liability for all leases with a term of greater than twelve months regardless of classification. Leases with a term of twelve months or less will be accounted for similar to existing guidance for operating leases. In January 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-01, Leases (Topic 842) Land Easement Practical Expedient for Transition to Topic 842, which amends ASU 2016-02 to provide entities an optional transition practical expedient to not evaluate under Topic 842 existing or expired land easements that were not previously accounted for as leases under the current leases guidance in Topic 842. An entity that elects this practical expedient should evaluate new or modified land easements under Topic 842 beginning at the date that the entity adopts Topic 842. The standard will be effective for annual and interim periods beginning after December 15, 2019, with early adoption permitted upon issuance. The Company adopted this standard on January 1, 2019. The impact of this adoption was immaterial. See Note 15 for more information.

 

In July 2017, the FASB has issued a two-part ASU No. 2017-11, (i) Accounting for Certain Financial Instruments with Down Round Features and (ii) Replacement of the Indefinite Deferral for Mandatorily Redeemable Financial Instruments of Certain Nonpublic Entities and Certain Mandatorily Redeemable Noncontrolling Interests with a Scope Exception which simplifies the accounting for certain financial instruments with down round features, a provision in an equity-linked financial instrument (or embedded feature) that provides a downward adjustment of the current exercise price based on the price of future equity offerings. It is effective for public business entities for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2018. Early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this standard on its consolidated financial statements and disclosures as of January 1, 2019. The adoption of ASU 2017-11 did not have a material impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In May 2014, the FASB issued ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“Topic 606”), amending revenue recognition guidance and requiring more detailed disclosures to enable users of financial statements to understand the nature, amount, timing and uncertainty of revenue and cash flows arising from contracts with customers. The core principle of Topic 606 is that revenue should be recognized to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. Additional ASUs have been issued that are part of the overall new revenue guidance including: (i) ASU 2016-08, “Principal versus Agent Considerations (Reporting Revenue Gross versus Net),” (ii) ASU 2016-10, “Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing,” (iii) ASU 2016-20, “Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606, Revenue from Contracts with Customers” and (iv) ASU 2016-12, “Narrow Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients,” which clarified guidance on certain items such as reporting revenue as a principal or agent, identifying performance obligations. Concurrent with the acquisition of Nexway, the Company adopted ASU No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers, as amended (Accounting Standards Codification Topic 606) (ASC 606) using the modified retrospective method applied to those contracts which were not completed the acquisition date. The Company also elected to use the practical expedient that allows an entity to expense the incremental cost of obtaining a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that an entity otherwise would have recognized is less than one year.

 

In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-10 to clarify the implementation guidance on licensing and the identification of performance obligations consideration included in ASU 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (“ASU 2014-09”), which is also known as ASC 606, was issued in May 2014 and outlines a single comprehensive model for entities to use in accounting for revenue arising from contracts with customers and supersedes most current revenue recognition guidance, including industry-specific guidance. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-08 to provide amendments to clarify the implementation guidance on principal versus agent considerations. The Company implemented the standard on the effective date of January 1, 2018 on a modified retrospective basis to contracts which were not completed as of this date. Adoption of this standard did not have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements as the Company did not have a material amount of revenue.

 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-01, “Business Combinations (Topic 805) Clarifying the Definition of a Business” The amendments in this ASU clarify the definition of a business with the objective of adding guidance to assist entities with evaluating whether transactions should be accounted for as acquisitions (or disposals) of assets or businesses. The definition of a business affects many areas of accounting including acquisitions, disposals, goodwill, and consolidation. The guidance is effective for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within those periods. Early adoption is permitted, including for interim or annual periods for which the financial statements have not been issued or made available for issuance. The Company adopted this guidance as of January 1, 2018.

 

In January 2017, the FASB issued ASU 2017-04, Intangibles - Goodwill and Other (Topic 350): Simplifying the Accounting for Goodwill Impairment. ASU 2017-04 removes Step 2 of the goodwill impairment test, which requires a hypothetical purchase price allocation. A goodwill impairment will now be the amount by which a reporting unit’s carrying value exceeds its fair value, not to exceed the carrying amount of goodwill. This standard will be effective for the Company beginning in the first quarter of fiscal year 2020 and is required to be applied prospectively. Early adoption is permitted for interim or annual goodwill impairment tests performed on testing dates after January 1, 2017. The Company has chosen to early adopt this standard as of January 1, 2019.

 

On June 20, 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, Compensation—Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting. ASU 2018-07 is intended to reduce cost and complexity and to improve financial reporting for share-based payments to nonemployees (for example, service providers, external legal counsel, suppliers, etc.). Under the new standard, companies will no longer be required to value non-employee awards differently from employee awards. Meaning that companies will value all equity classified awards at their grant date under ASC 718 and forgo revaluing the award after this date. The Company has chosen to early adopt this standard as of January 1, 2018.

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). The amendments in ASU 2018-13 modify the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements based on the concepts in the Concepts Statement, including the consideration of costs and benefits. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. The amendments are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2018-13 and its impact on its condensed consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its condensed consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

 

Recently Issued Accounting Standards

 

In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU No. 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework-Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement (“ASU 2018-13”). The amendments in ASU 2018-13 modify the disclosure requirements on fair value measurements based on the concepts in the Concepts Statement, including the consideration of costs and benefits. The amendments on changes in unrealized gains and losses, the range and weighted average of significant unobservable inputs used to develop Level 3 fair value measurements, and the narrative description of measurement uncertainty should be applied prospectively for only the most recent interim or annual period presented in the initial fiscal year of adoption. All other amendments should be applied retrospectively to all periods presented upon their effective date. The amendments are effective for all entities for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2019, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted, including adoption in an interim period. The Company is currently evaluating ASU 2018-13 and its impact on its consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2019, the FASB issued ASU No. 2019-12, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Simplifying the Accounting for Income Taxes (“ASU 2019-12”), which is intended to simplify various aspects related to accounting for income taxes. ASU 2019-12 removes certain exceptions to the general principles in Topic 740 and also clarifies and amends existing guidance to improve consistent application. This guidance is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning after December 15, 2020, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of this standard on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.