Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2017

Schedule of Income before Income Tax, Domestic and Foreign

The components of the Company’s income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes and equity in earnings of non-consolidated affiliates by taxing jurisdiction for the years ended December 31, were:



	2017		2016			2015
Income (Loss):
U.S.	$	48,053	$	(16,661	)	$	23,180
Non-U.S.	39,025		(33,055		)	(40,596		)
	$	87,078	$	(49,716	)	$	(17,416	)

Schedule Of Components Of Income Taxes Provision Benefit

The provision (benefit) for income taxes by taxing jurisdiction for the years ended December 31, were:



	2017			2016			2015
Current tax provision
U.S. federal	$	(1,657	)	$	—		$	—
U.S. state and local	98			(1,520		)	1,375
Non-U.S.	6,514			2,154			2,465
	4,955			634			3,840
Deferred tax provision (benefit):
U.S. federal	(172,873		)	5,785			5,359
U.S. state and local	(7,775		)	(3,550		)	2,877
Non-U.S.	7,629			(12,273		)	(8,315		)
	(173,019		)	(10,038		)	(79		)
Income tax provision (benefit)	$	(168,064	)	$	(9,404	)	$	3,761

Schedule of Effective Income Tax Rate Reconciliation

A reconciliation of income tax expense (benefit) using the statutory Canadian federal and provincial income tax rate compared with actual income tax expense for the years ended December 31, is as follows:



	2017			2016			2015
Income (loss) from continuing operations before income taxes, equity in non-consolidated affiliates and noncontrolling interest	$	87,078		$	(49,716	)	$	(17,416	)
Statutory income tax rate	26.5		%	26.5		%	26.5		%
Tax expense (benefit) using statutory income tax rate	23,076			(13,175		)	(4,615		)
State and foreign taxes	8,863			(94		)	3,524
Non-deductible stock-based compensation	1,441			1,123			665
Other non-deductible expense	(220		)	1,848			163
Change to valuation allowance	(103,212		)	6,605			3,565
Effect of the difference in Canadian and local statutory rates	4,463			(4,579		)	1,906
Impact of tax reform	(100,472		)	—			—
Noncontrolling interests	(4,413		)	(1,287		)	(2,399		)
Impact of foreign operations	(2,453		)	—			—
Other, net	4,863			155			952
Income tax expense (benefit)	$	(168,064	)	$	(9,404	)	$	3,761
Effective income tax rate	(193.0		)%	18.9		%	(21.6		)%

Schedule of Deferred Tax Assets and Liabilities

The tax effects of significant temporary differences representing deferred tax assets and liabilities at December 31, were as follows:



	2017			2016
Deferred tax assets:
Capital assets and other	$	5,059		$	6,758
Net operating loss carry forwards	49,318			44,305
Interest deductions	2,026			12,146
Refinancing charge	5,578			7,413
Goodwill and intangibles	129,455			179,029
Stock compensation	1,208			2,581
Pension plan	4,165			5,095
Unrealized foreign exchange	8,653			15,237
Capital loss carry forwards	11,450			10,957
Accounting reserves	412			7,138
Gross deferred tax asset	217,324			290,659
Less: valuation allowance	(19,032		)	(248,866		)
Net deferred tax assets	198,292			41,793
Deferred tax liabilities:
Deferred finance charges	—			(333		)
Capital assets and other	—			(388		)
Goodwill amortization	(89,727		)	(109,638		)
Total deferred tax liabilities	(89,727		)	(110,359		)
Net deferred tax asset (liability)	$	108,565		$	(68,566	)
Disclosed as:
Deferred tax assets	$	115,325		$	41,793
Deferred tax liabilities	(6,760		)	(110,359		)
	$	108,565		$	(68,566	)

Schedule Of Changes In Tax Reserve



Changes in the Company’s reserve is as follows:
Balance at December 31, 2014	$	3,073
Charges to income tax expense	960
Settlement of uncertainty	(428		)
Balance at December 31, 2015	3,605
Charges to income tax expense	(1,261		)
Settlement of uncertainty	(879		)
Balance at December 31, 2016	1,465
Charges to income tax expense	(32		)
Balance at December 31, 2017	$	1,433