<SEC-DOCUMENT>0001104659-21-080533.txt : 20210614
<SEC-HEADER>0001104659-21-080533.hdr.sgml : 20210614
<ACCEPTANCE-DATETIME>20210614081308
ACCESSION NUMBER:		0001104659-21-080533
CONFORMED SUBMISSION TYPE:	8-K
PUBLIC DOCUMENT COUNT:		17
CONFORMED PERIOD OF REPORT:	20210612
ITEM INFORMATION:		Regulation FD Disclosure
ITEM INFORMATION:		Financial Statements and Exhibits
FILED AS OF DATE:		20210614
DATE AS OF CHANGE:		20210614

FILER:

	COMPANY DATA:	
		COMPANY CONFORMED NAME:			MDC PARTNERS INC
		CENTRAL INDEX KEY:			0000876883
		STANDARD INDUSTRIAL CLASSIFICATION:	SERVICES-ADVERTISING AGENCIES [7311]
		IRS NUMBER:				980364441
		STATE OF INCORPORATION:			A6
		FISCAL YEAR END:			1231

	FILING VALUES:
		FORM TYPE:		8-K
		SEC ACT:		1934 Act
		SEC FILE NUMBER:	001-13718
		FILM NUMBER:		211013352

	BUSINESS ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE WORLD TRADE CENTER, FLOOR 65
		CITY:			NEW YORK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			10007
		BUSINESS PHONE:		646 429 1800

	MAIL ADDRESS:	
		STREET 1:		ONE WORLD TRADE CENTER, FLOOR 65
		CITY:			NEW YORK
		STATE:			NY
		ZIP:			10007

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	MDC CORP INC
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	20001204

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	MDC COMMUNICATIONS CORP
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19961028

	FORMER COMPANY:	
		FORMER CONFORMED NAME:	MDC CORPORATION
		DATE OF NAME CHANGE:	19950419
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<p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>UNITED STATES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION<br />
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b></b></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>FORM <span id="xdx_906_edei--DocumentType_c20210612__20210612_zMnRKKuPKgRi"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-06-12to2021-06-12" name="dei:DocumentType">8-K</ix:nonNumeric></span></b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>CURRENT REPORT</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)<br />
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">Date of Report (Date Earliest Event reported)
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(Exact name of registrant as specified in
its charter)</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">(<span id="xdx_90C_edei--CityAreaCode_c20210612__20210612_zh3lm771UXDj"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-06-12to2021-06-12" name="dei:CityAreaCode">646</ix:nonNumeric></span>) <span id="xdx_90E_edei--LocalPhoneNumber_c20210612__20210612_zf9q2M9PgbIa"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-06-12to2021-06-12" name="dei:LocalPhoneNumber">429-1800</ix:nonNumeric></span><br />
(Registrant&#8217;s Telephone Number)</p>

<p style="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Check the appropriate box below if the Form 8&#8722;K filing
is intended to simultaneously satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant under any of the following provisions: <span style="font-family: Wingdings"></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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<p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; width: 100%">
<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
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<p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pre&#8722;commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d&#8722;2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d&#8722;2(b))</span></td></tr>
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<p style="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt">&#160;</p>

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<tr style="vertical-align: top; text-align: justify">
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    <td style="text-align: justify"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Pre&#8722;commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e&#8722;4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e&#8722; 4(c))</span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:</span></p>



<p style="margin: 0"><span style="font-size: 10pt">&#160;</span></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is an emerging
growth company as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act of 1933 (17 CFR &#167;230.405) or Rule 12b-2 of the Securities Exchange
Act of 1934 (17 CFR &#167;240.12b-2).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Emerging growth company <span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span id="xdx_90D_edei--EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_c20210612__20210612_zeP4eYEpGyN5"><ix:nonNumeric contextRef="From2021-06-12to2021-06-12" format="ixt:booleanfalse" name="dei:EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">&#168;</ix:nonNumeric></span></span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the
registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards
provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. <span style="font-family: Wingdings"><span style="font-family: Wingdings">&#168;</span></span></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<!-- Field: Rule-Page --><div style="width: 100%"><div style="border-top: Black 1pt solid; border-bottom: Black 2pt solid; font-size: 1pt">&#160;</div></div><!-- Field: /Rule-Page -->

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<!-- Field: Page; Sequence: 1 -->
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    <div style="page-break-before: always; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellspacing="0" cellpadding="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse">
  <tr>
    <td style="white-space: nowrap; vertical-align: top; width: 10%; font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Item&#160;7.01 </b></span></td>
    <td style="font-size: 10pt"><span style="font-size: 10pt"><b>Regulation FD Disclosure.</b></span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">On June 14, 2021, MDC Partners Inc. (&#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">MDC</span>&#8221;) issued
a press release announcing the receipt of a letter from Stagwell Media LP (&#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Stagwell</span>&#8221;), dated as of June 12, 2021 (the
&#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Stagwell Letter</span>&#8221;), in which Stagwell stated that it would be prepared to proceed with certain further amendments to
the terms of the Transaction Agreement, dated as of December 21, 2020, by an among MDC, Stagwell, New MDC LLC and Midas Merger Sub 1 LLC,
providing for, among other things, the combination of MDC with certain subsidiaries of Stagwell (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Transaction</span>&#8221;).
The full texts of the press release and the Stagwell Letter are furnished as Exhibit 99.1 and Exhibit 99.2, respectively, to this Current
Report on Form 8-K.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The information in this Item 7.01, Exhibit 99.1 and Exhibit 99.2 is
being furnished under Item 7.01 and shall not be deemed &#8220;filed&#8221; for purposes of Section&#160;18 of the Exchange Act, or otherwise
subject to the liability of such section, nor shall such exhibit be deemed incorporated by reference in any filing under the Securities
Act or the Exchange Act, except as shall be expressly set forth by specific reference in such filing.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements </b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This communication may contain certain forward-looking statements (collectively,
&#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">forward-looking statements</span>&#8221;) within the meaning of Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended and
Section 21E of the U.S. Exchange Act and the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended, and &#8220;forward-looking
information&#8221; under applicable Canadian securities laws. Statements in this document that are not historical facts, including statements
about MDC&#8217;s or Stagwell&#8217;s beliefs and expectations and recent business and economic trends, constitute forward-looking statements.
Words such as &#8220;estimate,&#8221; &#8220;project,&#8221; &#8220;target,&#8221; &#8220;predict,&#8221; &#8220;believe,&#8221; &#8220;expect,&#8221;
&#8220;anticipate,&#8221; &#8220;potential,&#8221; &#8220;create,&#8221; &#8220;intend,&#8221; &#8220;could,&#8221; &#8220;should,&#8221;
&#8220;would,&#8221; &#8220;may,&#8221; &#8220;foresee,&#8221; &#8220;plan,&#8221; &#8220;will,&#8221; &#8220;guidance,&#8221; &#8220;look,&#8221;
&#8220;outlook,&#8221; &#8220;future,&#8221; &#8220;assume,&#8221; &#8220;forecast,&#8221; &#8220;focus,&#8221; &#8220;continue,&#8221;
or the negative of such terms or other variations thereof and terms of similar substance used in connection with any discussion of current
plans, estimates and projections are subject to change based on a number of factors, including those outlined in this section. Such forward-looking
statements may include, but are not limited to, statements related to: future financial performance and the future prospects of the respective
businesses and operations of MDC, Stagwell and the combined company; information concerning the Transaction; the anticipated benefits
of the Transaction; the likelihood of the Transaction being completed; the anticipated outcome of the Transaction; the tax impact of the
Transaction on MDC and shareholders of MDC; the timing of the shareholder meeting to approve the Transaction (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Special Meeting</span>&#8221;);
the shareholder approvals required for the Transaction; regulatory and stock exchange approval of the Transaction; and the timing of the
implementation of the Transaction. A number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained
in any forward-looking statement, including the risks identified in our filings with the Securities Exchange Commission (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">SEC</span>&#8221;).</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties,
many of which are outside MDC&#8217;s control. Important factors that could cause actual results and expectations to differ materially
from those indicated by such forward-looking statements include, without limitation, the risks and uncertainties set forth under the section
entitled &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; in the registration statement on Form S-4 filed on February 8, 2021, and as amended on March 29, 2021,
April 21, 2021 and April 30, 2021 (the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Form S-4</span>&#8221;), under the section entitled &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; in the proxy
statement/prospectus on Form 424B3 filed on May 10, 2021 (together with the Form S-4, the &#8220;<span style="text-decoration: underline">Proxy Statement/Prospectus</span>&#8221;),
under the caption &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; in MDC&#8217;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 2020 under Item
1A and under the caption &#8220;Risk Factors&#8221; in MDC&#8217;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter-ended March 31, 2021
under Item 1A. These and other risk factors include, but are not limited to, the following:</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in">&#8226;</td><td>an inability to realize expected benefits of the Transaction or the occurrence of difficulties in connection with the Transaction;</td></tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in">&#8226;</td><td>adverse tax consequences in connection with the Transaction for MDC, its operations and its shareholders, that may differ from the
expectations of MDC or Stagwell, including that future changes in tax law, potential increases to corporate tax rates in the United States
and disagreements with the tax authorities on MDC&#8217;s determination of value and computations of its tax attributes may result in
increased tax costs;</td></tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in">&#8226;</td><td>the occurrence of material Canadian federal income tax (including material &#8220;emigration tax&#8221;) as a result of the Transaction;</td></tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in">&#8226;</td><td>the impact of uncertainty associated with the Transaction on MDC&#8217;s and Stagwell&#8217;s respective businesses;</td></tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in">&#8226;</td><td>direct or indirect costs associated with the Transaction, which could be greater than expected;</td></tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in">&#8226;</td><td>the risk that a condition to completion of the Transaction may not be satisfied and the Transaction may not be completed; and</td></tr></table>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0.25in"></td><td style="width: 0.25in">&#8226;</td><td>the risk of parties challenging the Transaction or the impact of the Transaction on MDC&#8217;s debt arrangements.</td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">You can obtain copies of MDC&#8217;s filings under its profile on SEDAR
at www.sedar.com, its profile on the SEC&#8217;s website at www.sec.gov or its website at www.mdc-partners.com. MDC does not undertake
any obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as expressly
required by law. All forward-looking statements in this communication are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Additional Information and Where to Find It</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">In connection with the Transaction, MDC and New MDC filed with the
SEC the Proxy Statement/Prospectus. This communication is not a substitute for the Proxy Statement/Prospectus or any other document MDC
may file with the SEC in connection with the Transaction.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">INVESTORS AND SECURITYHOLDERS OF MDC ARE URGED TO READ CAREFULLY THE
PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS REGARDING THE TRANSACTION IN ITS ENTIRETY (INCLUDING ANY AMENDMENTS OR SUPPLEMENTS THERETO) AND ANY DOCUMENTS
WHICH ARE INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN THE PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS, BECAUSE THEY CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE TRANSACTION.
You may obtain, free of charge, copies of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and other relevant documents filed by MDC or New MDC with the
SEC, at the SEC&#8217;s website at www.sec.gov. In addition, investors and securityholders are able to obtain free copies of the Proxy
Statement/Prospectus and other relevant documents filed by MDC or New MDC with the SEC and from MDC&#8217;s website at http://www.mdc-partners.com.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The URLs in this announcement are intended to be inactive textual references
only. They are not intended to be active hyperlinks to websites. The information on such websites, even if it might be accessible through
a hyperlink resulting from the URLs or referenced herein, is not and shall not be deemed to be incorporated into this announcement. No
assurance or representation is given as to the suitability or reliability for any purpose whatsoever of any information on such websites.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>No Offer or Solicitation</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This communication does not constitute an offer to buy or exchange,
or the solicitation of an offer to sell or exchange, any securities, nor shall there be any sale of securities in any jurisdiction in
which such offer, sale or exchange would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such jurisdiction.
This communication is not a substitute for any prospectus, proxy statement or any other document that MDC or New MDC may file with the
SEC in connection with the Transaction. No money, securities or other consideration is being solicited, and, if sent in response to the
information contained herein, will not be accepted.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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    <div style="break-before: page; margin-top: 6pt; margin-bottom: 12pt"><p style="margin: 0pt">&#160;</p></div>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">No offering of securities shall be made except by means of a prospectus
meeting the requirements of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Transaction and distribution of this document may be restricted
by law in certain jurisdictions and persons into whose possession any document or other information referred to herein should inform themselves
about and observe any such restrictions. Any failure to comply with these restrictions may constitute a violation of the securities laws
of any such jurisdiction. No offering of securities will be made directly or indirectly, in or into any jurisdiction where to do so would
be inconsistent with the laws of such jurisdiction.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>Participants in the Solicitation</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">MDC, New MDC and their respective directors and executive officers
and other members of management and employees, may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies from MDC&#8217;s shareholders
with respect to the approvals required to complete the Transaction. More detailed information regarding the identity of these potential
participants, and any direct or indirect interests they may have in the Transaction, by security holdings or otherwise, is set forth in
the Proxy Statement/Prospectus filed with the SEC. Information regarding MDC&#8217;s directors and executive officers is set forth in
the definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A filed by MDC with the SEC on May 10, 2021, in the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed by MDC
with the SEC on March 16, 2021, as amended on April 27, 2021 and in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed by MDC with the SEC on May
10, 2021. Additional information regarding the interests of participants in the solicitation of proxies in respect of the Special Meeting
is included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus filed with the SEC. These documents are available to the shareholders of MDC free of charge
from the SEC&#8217;s website at www.sec.gov and from MDC&#8217;s website at www.mdc-partners.com.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">You must not construe the contents of this document as legal, tax,
regulatory, financial, accounting or other advice, and you are urged to consult with your own advisors with respect to legal, tax, regulatory,
financial, accounting and other consequences of the Transaction, the suitability of the Transaction for you and other relevant matters
concerning the Transaction<b>.</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><b>&#160;</b></p>

<table cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 100%; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><tr style="vertical-align: top">
<td style="width: 0"></td><td style="width: 1in"><b>Item 9.01</b></td><td><b>Financial Statements and Exhibits.</b></td></tr></table>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">(d) Exhibits.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td style="width: 7%"><a href="tm2119599d1_ex99-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-size: 10pt">99.1</span></a></td>
    <td style="width: 93%"><a href="tm2119599d1_ex99-1.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Press release, dated as of June 14, 2021, of MDC Partners Inc.</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td><a href="tm2119599d1_ex99-2.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-size: 10pt">99.2</span></a></td>
    <td><a href="tm2119599d1_ex99-2.htm" style="-sec-extract: exhibit"><span style="font-size: 10pt">Letter from Stagwell Media, LP to the Chair of the Special Committee of the Board of Directors of MDC Partners, Inc., dated as of June 12, 2021</span></a></td></tr>
  <tr style="vertical-align: top">
    <td><span style="font-size: 10pt">104</span></td>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"></p>

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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center"><b>SIGNATURES</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the Company has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned hereunto duly authorized.</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Date: June 14, 2021</p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;</p>

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    <td style="border-bottom: black 1pt solid; vertical-align: top; font-size: 10pt; width: 46%"><span style="font-size: 10pt">/s/ <span style="font-variant: small-caps">David Ross</span></span></td></tr>
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<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&#160;<b>&#160;</b></p>

<p style="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"></p>

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<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 99.1</B></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: center"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B><U>FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE</U></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

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    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 8%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">FOR:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">MDC Partners
    Inc.</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 1%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: bold 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 8%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">CONTACT:</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 2%"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 40%; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">Michaela Pewarski</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">One World Trade Center, FL.
    65</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">MDC Partners</FONT></TD></TR>
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    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">New York, NY 10007</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"></TD><TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">646 429 1812</FONT></TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD><TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt">&nbsp;</FONT></TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; text-align: left"><FONT STYLE="font-size: 10pt; color: Blue"><U>mpewarski@MDC-Partners.com</U></FONT></TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><B>MDC Partners (MDCA)
Special Committee Receives and Is Evaluating Revised Offer from Stagwell</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-align: center; background-color: white"><FONT STYLE="font-weight: normal"><I>&nbsp;</I></FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><B>New York, NY, June 14, 2021 (NASDAQ: MDCA)&nbsp;&ndash;&nbsp;</B><FONT STYLE="font-family: Times New Roman, Times, Serif">MDC
Partners Inc. (&ldquo;MDC&rdquo; or the &ldquo;Company&rdquo;) announced today that it has received a revised offer from Stagwell Media
LP (&ldquo;Stagwell&rdquo;) for the business combination transaction between the Company and Stagwell (the &ldquo;Transaction&rdquo;).
The MDC Special Committee is evaluating the revised Stagwell proposal which included a decrease in the share consideration that Stagwell
would receive in the Transaction to 185 million common shares, a reduction of approximately 31 million common shares from the 216.25 million
common shares agreed to in the transaction agreement entered into on December 21, 2020 (the &ldquo;Transaction Agreement&rdquo;). </FONT></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">The result of this proposed change in share
consideration is that, on a pro forma basis, the existing MDC common shareholders (including Stagwell) would own approximately 30% of
the common equity of the combined company.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">With regard to the revised offer, the MDC
Special Committee provided the following comment:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 0.5in; background-color: white">&ldquo;We continue to support the combination of MDC and Stagwell, which offers MDC the chance to partner with a leading digital and technology-focused
marketing business to create profitable growth opportunities and a better company. The Special Committee is
encouraged by Stagwell&rsquo;s attention to the views shared by certain MDC shareholders and welcomes Stagwell&rsquo;s willingness to
address that feedback in a meaningful way. The Special Committee and its advisors will move quickly to review and evaluate Stagwell&rsquo;s
proposal with the goal of being in the position to make a recommendation to MDC shareholders as soon as practicable with respect to the revised offer.&rdquo;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The revised Stagwell proposal also included that each of Stagwell and
Goldman Sachs &amp; Co. LLC (together with its affiliates) would forego accretion under the terms of their respective preferred shares
in the combined company for a period of one year following the closing of the Transaction, and the Stagwell Net Debt Cap (as defined in
the Transaction Agreement) would be increased by $25 million, from $260 million to $285 million. There can be no assurance that the revised
Stagwell proposal will result in further amendments to the Transaction Agreement or that the Transaction will be consummated on the terms
set forth in the revised Stagwell proposal.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"><B>About MDC Partners Inc.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">MDC Partners is one of the most influential
marketing and communications networks in the world. As &ldquo;The Place Where Great Talent Lives,&rdquo; MDC Partners is celebrated for
its innovative advertising, public relations, branding, digital, social and event marketing agency partners, which are responsible for
some of the most memorable and effective campaigns for the world&rsquo;s most respected brands. By leveraging technology, data analytics,
insights and strategic consulting solutions, MDC Partners drives creative excellence, business growth and measurable return on marketing
investment for over 1,700 clients worldwide. For more information about MDC Partners and its partner firms, visit our website at&nbsp;<FONT STYLE="color: #FF9000"><U>mdc-partners.com</U></FONT>,
sign up for <FONT STYLE="color: #ED7D31"><U>investor-related updates and alerts</U></FONT>, and follow us on <FONT STYLE="color: #ED7D31"><U>LinkedIn</U></FONT>.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Cautionary Statement Regarding Forward-Looking Statements </B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This communication may contain certain forward-looking statements (collectively,
 &ldquo;forward-looking statements&rdquo;) within the meaning of Section 27A of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended and Section
21E of the U.S. Exchange Act and the United States Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, as amended, and &ldquo;forward-looking
information&rdquo; under applicable Canadian securities laws. Statements in this document that are not historical facts, including statements
about MDC&rsquo;s or Stagwell&rsquo;s beliefs and expectations and recent business and economic trends, constitute forward-looking statements.
Words such as &ldquo;estimate,&rdquo; &ldquo;project,&rdquo; &ldquo;target,&rdquo; &ldquo;predict,&rdquo; &ldquo;believe,&rdquo; &ldquo;expect,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;anticipate,&rdquo; &ldquo;potential,&rdquo; &ldquo;create,&rdquo; &ldquo;intend,&rdquo; &ldquo;could,&rdquo; &ldquo;should,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;would,&rdquo; &ldquo;may,&rdquo; &ldquo;foresee,&rdquo; &ldquo;plan,&rdquo; &ldquo;will,&rdquo; &ldquo;guidance,&rdquo; &ldquo;look,&rdquo;
 &ldquo;outlook,&rdquo; &ldquo;future,&rdquo; &ldquo;assume,&rdquo; &ldquo;forecast,&rdquo; &ldquo;focus,&rdquo; &ldquo;continue,&rdquo;
or the negative of such terms or other variations thereof and terms of similar substance used in connection with any discussion of current
plans, estimates and projections are subject to change based on a number of factors, including those outlined in this section. Such forward-looking
statements may include, but are not limited to, statements related to: future financial performance and the future prospects of the respective
businesses and operations of MDC, Stagwell and the combined company; information concerning the Transaction; the anticipated benefits
of the Transaction; the likelihood of the Transaction being completed; the anticipated outcome of the Transaction; the tax impact of the
Transaction on MDC and shareholders of MDC; the timing of the shareholder meeting to approve the Transaction (the &ldquo;Special Meeting&rdquo;);
the shareholder approvals required for the Transaction; regulatory and stock exchange approval of the Transaction; and the timing of the
implementation of the Transaction. A number of important factors could cause actual results to differ materially from those contained
in any forward-looking statement, including the risks identified in our filings with the Securities Exchange Commission (the &ldquo;SEC&rdquo;).</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">These forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties,
many of which are outside MDC&rsquo;s control. Important factors that could cause actual results and expectations to differ materially
from those indicated by such forward-looking statements include, without limitation, the risks and uncertainties set forth under the section
entitled &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; in the registration statement on Form S-4 filed on February 8, 2021, and as amended on March 29, 2021,
April 21, 2021 and April 30, 2021 (the &ldquo;Form S-4&rdquo;), under the section entitled &ldquo;Risk Factors&rdquo; in the proxy statement/prospectus
on Form 424B3 filed on May 10, 2021 (together with the Form S-4, the &ldquo;Proxy Statement/Prospectus&rdquo;), under the caption &ldquo;Risk
Factors&rdquo; in MDC&rsquo;s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year-ended December 31, 2020 under Item 1A and under the caption &ldquo;Risk
Factors&rdquo; in MDC&rsquo;s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter-ended March 31, 2021 under Item 1A. These and other risk factors
include, but are not limited to, the following:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">&bull;</TD><TD>an inability to realize expected benefits of the Transaction or the occurrence of difficulties in connection with the Transaction;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">&bull;</TD><TD>adverse tax consequences in connection with the Transaction for MDC, its operations and its shareholders, that may differ from the
expectations of MDC or Stagwell, including that future changes in tax law, potential increases to corporate tax rates in the United States
and disagreements with the tax authorities on MDC&rsquo;s determination of value and computations of its tax attributes may result in
increased tax costs;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">&bull;</TD><TD>the occurrence of material Canadian federal income tax (including material &ldquo;emigration tax&rdquo;) as a result of the Transaction;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">&bull;</TD><TD>the impact of uncertainty associated with the Transaction on MDC&rsquo;s and Stagwell&rsquo;s respective businesses;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0"></P>

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<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">&bull;</TD><TD>direct or indirect costs associated with the Transaction, which could be greater than expected;</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">&bull;</TD><TD>the risk that a condition to completion of the Transaction may not be satisfied and the Transaction may not be completed; and</TD></TR></TABLE>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.25in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">&bull;</TD><TD>the risk of parties challenging the Transaction or the impact of the Transaction on MDC&rsquo;s debt arrangements.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">You can obtain copies of MDC&rsquo;s filings under its profile on SEDAR
at www.sedar.com, its profile on the SEC&rsquo;s website at www.sec.gov or its website at www.mdc-partners.com. MDC does not undertake
any obligation to update any forward-looking statements as a result of new information, future developments or otherwise, except as expressly
required by law. All forward-looking statements in this communication are qualified in their entirety by this cautionary statement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Additional Information and Where to Find It</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">In connection with the Transaction, MDC and New MDC filed with the
SEC the Proxy Statement/Prospectus. This communication is not a substitute for the Proxy Statement/Prospectus or any other document MDC
may file with the SEC in connection with the Transaction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">INVESTORS AND SECURITYHOLDERS OF MDC ARE URGED TO READ CAREFULLY THE
PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS REGARDING THE TRANSACTION IN ITS ENTIRETY (INCLUDING ANY AMENDMENTS OR SUPPLEMENTS THERETO) OR ANY DOCUMENTS
WHICH ARE INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE IN THE PROXY STATEMENT/PROSPECTUS, BECAUSE THEY CONTAIN IMPORTANT INFORMATION ABOUT THE TRANSACTION.
You may obtain, free of charge, copies of the Proxy Statement/Prospectus and other relevant documents filed by MDC or New MDC with the
SEC, at the SEC&rsquo;s website at www.sec.gov. In addition, investors and securityholders are able to obtain free copies of the Proxy
Statement/Prospectus and other relevant documents filed by MDC or New MDC with the SEC and from MDC&rsquo;s website at http://www.mdc-partners.com.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">The URLs in this announcement are intended to be inactive textual references
only. They are not intended to be active hyperlinks to websites. The information on such websites, even if it might be accessible through
a hyperlink resulting from the URLs or referenced herein, is not and shall not be deemed to be incorporated into this announcement. No
assurance or representation is given as to the suitability or reliability for any purpose whatsoever of any information on such websites.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>No Offer or Solicitation</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">This communication does not constitute an offer to buy or exchange,
or the solicitation of an offer to sell or exchange, any securities, nor shall there be any sale of securities in any jurisdiction in
which such offer, sale or exchange would be unlawful prior to registration or qualification under the securities laws of any such jurisdiction.
This communication is not a substitute for any prospectus, proxy statement or any other document that MDC or New MDC may file with the
SEC in connection with the Transaction. No money, securities or other consideration is being solicited, and, if sent in response to the
information contained herein, will not be accepted.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">No offering of securities shall be made except by means of a prospectus
meeting the requirements of the U.S. Securities Act of 1933, as amended. The Transaction and distribution of this document may be restricted
by law in certain jurisdictions and persons into whose possession any document or other information referred to herein should inform themselves
about and observe any such restrictions. Any failure to comply with these restrictions may constitute a violation of the securities laws
of any such jurisdiction. No offering of securities will be made directly or indirectly, in or into any jurisdiction where to do so would
be inconsistent with the laws of such jurisdiction.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B></B></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><B>Participants in the Solicitation</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">MDC, New MDC and their respective directors and executive officers
and other members of management and employees, may be deemed to be participants in the solicitation of proxies from MDC&rsquo;s shareholders
with respect to the approvals required to complete the Transaction. More detailed information regarding the identity of these potential
participants, and any direct or indirect interests they may have in the Transaction, by security holdings or otherwise, is set forth in
the Proxy Statement/Prospectus filed with the SEC. Information regarding MDC&rsquo;s directors and executive officers is set forth in
the definitive proxy statement on Schedule 14A filed by MDC with the SEC on May 10, 2021, in the Annual Report on Form 10-K filed by MDC
with the SEC on March 16, 2021, as amended on April 27, 2021 and in the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed by MDC with the SEC on May
10, 2021. Additional information regarding the interests of participants in the solicitation of proxies in respect of the Special Meeting
is included in the Proxy Statement/Prospectus filed with the SEC. These documents are available to the shareholders of MDC free of charge
from the SEC&rsquo;s website at www.sec.gov and from MDC&rsquo;s website at www.mdc-partners.com.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">You must not construe the contents of this document as legal, tax,
regulatory, financial, accounting or other advice, and you are urged to consult with your own advisors with respect to legal, tax, regulatory,
financial, accounting and other consequences of the Transaction, the suitability of the Transaction for you and other relevant matters
concerning the Transaction<B>.</B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; background-color: white"></P>

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</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-99.2
<SEQUENCE>3
<FILENAME>tm2119599d1_ex99-2.htm
<DESCRIPTION>EXHIBIT 99.2
<TEXT>
<HTML>
<HEAD>
     <TITLE></TITLE>
</HEAD>
<BODY STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">

<P STYLE="text-align: right; margin: 0"><B>Exhibit 99.2</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin: 0; text-align: right"><B>&nbsp;</B></P>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; text-align: left"><B><IMG SRC="image_002.jpg" ALT=""></B></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0"><I>Private &amp; Confidential Communication</I></P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">June 12, 2021</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Irwin Simon<BR>
Chair of the Special Committee of the MDC Board of Directors<BR>
MDC Partners Inc.<BR>
One World Trade Center, Floor 65<BR>
New York, NY 10007</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" WIDTH="100%" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt"><TR STYLE="vertical-align: top">
<TD STYLE="width: 0.5in"></TD><TD STYLE="width: 0.5in">Re:</TD><TD><U>Revised Proposal for Potential Amendment to the Transaction Agreement (&ldquo;Revised Proposal&rdquo;)</U>.</TD></TR></TABLE>

<P STYLE="margin-top: 0pt; margin-bottom: 0pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">Dear Irwin:</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Further to our discussions regarding the non-binding
proposal delivered by Stagwell Media LP (&ldquo;<U>Stagwell</U>&rdquo;) to the Special Committee (the &ldquo;<U>Committee</U>&rdquo;)
of the Board of Directors of MDC Partners Inc. (&ldquo;<U>MDC</U>&rdquo;) on June 6, 2021 (the &ldquo;<U>June 6 Proposal</U>&rdquo;),
we have consulted internally and with certain shareholders of MDC, and we are committed to the following proposal.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Specifically, with respect to the share consideration
to be received by Stagwell in the combined company following the proposed business combination (the &ldquo;<U>Proposed Transaction</U>&rdquo;),
Stagwell proposes that it would be prepared to proceed with a transaction in which it would receive <B><U>185</U> million common shares</B>.
This proposal represents a decrease in Stagwell&rsquo;s share consideration of greater than <I>11</I> million common shares from the terms
of the June 6 Proposal and greater than <I>31</I> million common shares from the terms of the transaction agreement, dated as of December
21, 2020, between Stagwell, MDC and the other parties thereto (as amended, the &ldquo;<U>Transaction Agreement</U>&rdquo;). Other than
as described above, the terms of Stagwell&rsquo;s June 6 Proposal remain unchanged &ndash; namely, Stagwell continues to propose that
(i) each of Stagwell and Goldman Sachs &amp; Co. LLC (together with its affiliates) would forego accretion under the terms of their respective
preferred shares in the combined company for a period of one year following the closing of the Proposed Transaction and (ii) the Stagwell
Net Debt Cap (as defined in the Transaction Agreement) would be increased to $285 million.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">The terms set forth in this Revised Proposal represent
Stagwell&rsquo;s <I>best and final</I> offer to the Committee, and Stagwell is prepared to enter into an amendment to the Transaction
Agreement on the terms set forth herein. In light of this Revised Proposal, it is Stagwell&rsquo;s expectation that MDC will convene the
special meeting of MDC&rsquo;s shareholders to approve the Proposed Transaction as promptly as possible, consistent with its obligations
under the Transaction Agreement.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in"></P>

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<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">Stagwell remains enthusiastic about the Proposed
Transaction and looks forward to closing on the basis set forth herein.</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0; text-indent: 0.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<P STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; margin: 0pt 0 0pt 3.5in">&nbsp;</P>

<TABLE CELLPADDING="0" CELLSPACING="0" STYLE="border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%">
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="3" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Very truly yours,<BR> <BR> STAGWELL MEDIA, LP&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; width: 50%">&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 3%">By:</TD>
    <TD STYLE="border-bottom: Black 1pt solid; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 27%"><IMG SRC="image_003.jpg" ALT=""></TD>
    <TD STYLE="padding-bottom: 1pt; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif; width: 20%">&nbsp;</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="white-space: nowrap; font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Name:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Mark Penn</TD></TR>
  <TR STYLE="vertical-align: bottom">
    <TD>&nbsp;</TD>
    <TD STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif">Title:</TD>
    <TD COLSPAN="2" STYLE="font: 10pt Times New Roman, Times, Serif"> Managing Partner</TD></TR>
  </TABLE>


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<TYPE>EX-101.SCH
<SEQUENCE>4
<FILENAME>mdca-20210612.xsd
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION SCHEMA
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="US-ASCII" ?>
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	  <link:usedOn>link:calculationLink</link:usedOn>
	  <link:usedOn>link:definitionLink</link:usedOn>
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<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.LAB
<SEQUENCE>5
<FILENAME>mdca-20210612_lab.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION LABEL LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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    <link:labelLink xlink:type="extended" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/link">
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_DocumentType_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Document Type</link:label>
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      <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer" xlink:to="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xlink:type="arc" />
      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_NoTradingSymbolFlag_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">No Trading Symbol Flag</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_TradingSymbol_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Trading Symbol</link:label>
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      <link:label xlink:type="resource" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:label="dei_Security12gTitle_lbl" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(g) Security</link:label>
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</DOCUMENT>
<DOCUMENT>
<TYPE>EX-101.PRE
<SEQUENCE>6
<FILENAME>mdca-20210612_pre.xml
<DESCRIPTION>XBRL TAXONOMY EXTENSION PRESENTATION LINKBASE
<TEXT>
<XBRL>
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<xbrl
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  xmlns:dei="http://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2020-01-31"
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    <dei:EntityRegistrantName contextRef="From2021-06-12to2021-06-12">MDC PARTNERS INC.</dei:EntityRegistrantName>
    <dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode contextRef="From2021-06-12to2021-06-12">Z4</dei:EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode>
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    <dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown contextRef="From2021-06-12to2021-06-12">New York</dei:EntityAddressCityOrTown>
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<html>
<head>
<title></title>
<link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="report.css">
<script type="text/javascript" src="Show.js">/* Do Not Remove This Comment */</script><script type="text/javascript">
							function toggleNextSibling (e) {
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</head>
<body>
<span style="display: none;">v3.21.1</span><table class="report" border="0" cellspacing="2" id="idm140013206450088">
<tr>
<th class="tl" colspan="1" rowspan="1"><div style="width: 200px;"><strong>Cover<br></strong></div></th>
<th class="th"><div>Jun. 12, 2021</div></th>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CoverAbstract', window );"><strong>Cover [Abstract]</strong></a></td>
<td class="text">&#160;<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentType', window );">Document Type</a></td>
<td class="text">8-K<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_AmendmentFlag', window );">Amendment Flag</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate', window );">Document Period End Date</a></td>
<td class="text">Jun. 12,  2021<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityFileNumber', window );">Entity File Number</a></td>
<td class="text">001-13718<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName', window );">Entity Registrant Name</a></td>
<td class="text">MDC PARTNERS INC.<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey', window );">Entity Central Index Key</a></td>
<td class="text">0000876883<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber', window );">Entity Tax Identification Number</a></td>
<td class="text">98-0364441<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode', window );">Entity Incorporation, State or Country Code</a></td>
<td class="text">Z4<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1', window );">Entity Address, Address Line One</a></td>
<td class="text">One World Trade Center<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2', window );">Entity Address, Address Line Two</a></td>
<td class="text">Floor 65<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown', window );">Entity Address, City or Town</a></td>
<td class="text">New York<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince', window );">Entity Address, State or Province</a></td>
<td class="text">NY<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode', window );">Entity Address, Postal Zip Code</a></td>
<td class="text">10007<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_CityAreaCode', window );">City Area Code</a></td>
<td class="text">646<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber', window );">Local Phone Number</a></td>
<td class="text">429-1800<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_WrittenCommunications', window );">Written Communications</a></td>
<td class="text">true<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial', window );">Soliciting Material</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer', window );">Pre-commencement Issuer Tender Offer</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_Security12bTitle', window );">Title of 12(b) Security</a></td>
<td class="text">Class A Subordinate Voting Shares, no par value<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_TradingSymbol', window );">Trading Symbol</a></td>
<td class="text">MDCA<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="re">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName', window );">Security Exchange Name</a></td>
<td class="text">NASDAQ<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
<tr class="ro">
<td class="pl " style="border-bottom: 0px;" valign="top"><a class="a" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.showAR( this, 'defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany', window );">Entity Emerging Growth Company</a></td>
<td class="text">false<span></span>
</td>
</tr>
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<div style="display: none;">
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_AmendmentFlag">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the XBRL content amends previously-filed or accepted submission.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_AmendmentFlag</td>
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<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
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<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CityAreaCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Area code of city</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CityAreaCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</table></div>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_CoverAbstract">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Cover page.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_CoverAbstract</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:stringItemType</td>
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<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The end date of the period reflected on the cover page if a periodic report. For all other reports and registration statements containing historical data, it is the date up through which that historical data is presented.  If there is no historical data in the report, use the filing date. The format of the date is YYYY-MM-DD.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>xbrli:dateItemType</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
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</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_DocumentType">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The type of document being provided (such as 10-K, 10-Q, 485BPOS, etc). The document type is limited to the same value as the supporting SEC submission type, or the word 'Other'.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_DocumentType</td>
</tr>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:submissionTypeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 1 such as Attn, Building Name, Street Name</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
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<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
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<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Address Line 2 such as Street or Suite number</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressAddressLine2</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
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<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the City or Town</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Code for the postal or zip code</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressPostalZipCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the state or province.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityAddressStateOrProvince</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:stateOrProvinceItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>A unique 10-digit SEC-issued value to identify entities that have filed disclosures with the SEC. It is commonly abbreviated as CIK.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityCentralIndexKey</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:centralIndexKeyItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Indicate if registrant meets the emerging growth company criteria.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityFileNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Commission file number. The field allows up to 17 characters. The prefix may contain 1-3 digits, the sequence number may contain 1-8 digits, the optional suffix may contain 1-4 characters, and the fields are separated with a hyphen.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityFileNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:fileNumberItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Two-character EDGAR code representing the state or country of incorporation.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityIncorporationStateCountryCode</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarStateCountryItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityRegistrantName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The exact name of the entity filing the report as specified in its charter, which is required by forms filed with the SEC.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityRegistrantName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>The Tax Identification Number (TIN), also known as an Employer Identification Number (EIN), is a unique 9-digit value assigned by the IRS.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Regulation 12B<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b-2<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_EntityTaxIdentificationNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:employerIdItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_LocalPhoneNumber">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Local phone number for entity.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_LocalPhoneNumber</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:normalizedStringItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 13e<br> -Subsection 4c<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementIssuerTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 14d<br> -Subsection 2b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_PreCommencementTenderOffer</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_Security12bTitle">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Title of a 12(b) registered security.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection b<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_Security12bTitle</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:securityTitleItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SecurityExchangeName">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Name of the Exchange on which a security is registered.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Number 240<br> -Section 12<br> -Subsection d1-1<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SecurityExchangeName</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:edgarExchangeCodeItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_SolicitingMaterial">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Exchange Act<br> -Section 14a<br> -Number 240<br> -Subsection 12<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_SolicitingMaterial</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_TradingSymbol">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Trading symbol of an instrument as listed on an exchange.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>No definition available.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_TradingSymbol</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
<td>dei_</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>dei:tradingSymbolItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
</div></td></tr>
</table>
<table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="authRefData" style="display: none;" id="defref_dei_WrittenCommunications">
<tr><td class="hide"><a style="color: white;" href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.hideAR();">X</a></td></tr>
<tr><td><div class="body" style="padding: 2px;">
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">- Definition</a><div><p>Boolean flag that is true when the Form 8-K filing is intended to satisfy the filing obligation of the registrant as written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act.</p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ References</a><div style="display: none;"><p>Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef<br> -Publisher SEC<br> -Name Securities Act<br> -Number 230<br> -Section 425<br></p></div>
<a href="javascript:void(0);" onclick="top.Show.toggleNext( this );">+ Details</a><div style="display: none;"><table border="0" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0">
<tr>
<td><strong> Name:</strong></td>
<td style="white-space:nowrap;">dei_WrittenCommunications</td>
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<td style="padding-right: 4px;white-space:nowrap;"><strong> Namespace Prefix:</strong></td>
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<tr>
<td><strong> Data Type:</strong></td>
<td>xbrli:booleanItemType</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Balance Type:</strong></td>
<td>na</td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td><strong> Period Type:</strong></td>
<td>duration</td>
</tr>
</table></div>
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end
</TEXT>
</DOCUMENT>
</SEC-DOCUMENT>
