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Share Capital | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2022 | Dec. 31, 2021
Equity [Abstract] |  |
Share Capital | 15. Share Capital On March 23, 2022, the board of directors authorized the Repurchase Program under which we may repurchase up to $125,000 of shares of our outstanding Class A Common Stock. Under the Repurchase Program, share repurchases may be made at our discretion from time to time in open market transactions at prevailing market prices (including through trading plans that may be adopted in accordance with Rule 10b5-1 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, in privately negotiated transactions, or through other means. The timing and number of shares repurchased under the Repurchase Program will depend on a variety of factors, including the performance of our stock price, general market and economic conditions, regulatory requirements, the availability of funds, and other considerations we deem relevant. The Repurchase Program may be suspended, modified or discontinued at any time without prior notice. Our board of directors will review the Repurchase Program periodically and may authorize adjustments of its terms. As of December 31, 2022, there were 7,194 shares of Class A Common Stock repurchased under the Repurchase Program at an aggregate value, excluding fees, of $51,547. These were purchased at an average share price of $7.17 per share. The remaining value of shares of Class A Common Stock permitted to be repurchased under the Repurchase Program was $73,309 as of December 31, 2022. On March 1, 2023, the Board authorized an extension and a $125,000 increase in the size of the Repurchase Program to an aggregate of $250,000, with any previous purchases under the Repurchase Program continuing to count against that limit. The Repurchase Program, as amended, will expire on March 1, 2026. The authorized and outstanding share capital of the Company is below. Class A Common Stock There are 1,000,000 shares of Class A Common Stock, authorized, of which 131,720 shares were issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022. Each share of Class A Common Stock carries one vote and entitles its holder to dividends equal to or greater than each share of Class B Common Stock. Class B Common Stock There are 5 shares of Class B Common Stock authorized, of which 4 shares were issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022. Each share of Class B Common Stock carries twenty votes and is convertible at any time at the option of the holder into one share of Class A Common Stock. Class C Common Stock There are 250,000 shares of Class C Common Stock authorized, of which 160,909 shares were issued and outstanding as of December 31, 2022. Each share of Class C Common Stock carries one vote and does not represent an economic interest in the Company. Each share of Class C Common Stock is paired with a corresponding common unit of OpCo (each such paired share of Class C Common Stock and common unit of OpCo, a “Paired Unit”). Each holder of Paired Units may, at its option, exchange such Paired Units for shares of Class A Common Stock on a one-to-one basis (i.e., one Paired Unit for one share of Class A Common Stock). In 2021, an aggregate of 179,970 Paired Units were issued to Stagwell Media in exchange for the equity interests of the Stagwell Subject Entities. In the year ended December 31, 2022, holders of Paired Units exchanged 19,061 Paired Units for the same number of shares of Class A Common Stock. Of these 19,061 Paired Units, approximately 5,000 triggered an employee tax withholding obligation of $14,900. The Company repurchased approximately 2,000 of the 5,000 shares of Class A Common Stock issued to the employees to satisfy its employee tax withholding obligation. Shares-based Awards As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, of the total number of shares authorized, 12,858 and 2,839, respectively, remain available to be issued for future awards. The following tables summarize share-based activity of awards authorized under our employee stock incentive plans and awards (such as inducement awards) and other share-based commitments that have met the requirements to be issued separate from shareholder-approved stock incentive plans. The following table summarizes information about performance-based and time-based restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards:
| Performance-Based Awards |  | Time-Based Awards
| Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |  | Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Balance at December 31, 2020 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |
Shares acquired concurrent with acquisition | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,326 |  |  | 5.42 |
Granted | 1,048 |  |  | 8.68 |  |  | 12,659 |  |  | 5.51 |
Vested | — |  |  | — |  |  | (282) |  |  | 5.42 |
Forfeited | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4) |  |  | 5.42 |
Balance at December 31, 2021 | 1,048 |  |  | $ | 8.68 |  |  | 15,699 |  |  | $ | 5.49 |
Granted | 1,372 |  |  | 7.03 |  |  | 5,075 |  |  | 7.38 |
Vested | — |  |  | — |  |  | (14,182) |  |  | 5.45 |
Forfeited | (34) |  |  | 7.79 |  |  | (323) |  |  | 6.20 |
Balance at December 31, 2022 | 2,386 |  |  | $ | 7.74 |  |  | 6,269 |  |  | $ | 7.07 |
The vesting of the performance-based awards is contingent primarily upon the Company meeting certain cumulative revenue and earnings targets, primarily ranging over two to three years, and continued employment through the vesting date. The term of the time-based awards is generally three years with vesting generally one to three years. The vesting period of the time-based and performance-based awards is generally commensurate with the requisite service period. The total fair value of restricted stock and restricted stock unit awards, which vested during the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, was $77,332 and $1,527, respectively. At December 31, 2022, the weighted average remaining contractual life for time-based and performance-based awards was 0.65 and 1.86 years, respectively. At December 2021, the weighted average remaining contractual life for time-based and performance-based awards was 0.37 and 2.37 years, respectively. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the unrecognized compensation expense for time-based awards was $16,449 and $15,376, respectively, and will be recognized over a weighted average period of 0.65 years and 0.37 years, respectively. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the unrecognized compensation expense for performance-based awards was $12,781 and $8,221, respectively, and will be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.86 and 2.37 years, respectively. The following table summarizes information about stock appreciation rights (“SAR”) awards:
| SAR Awards
| Shares |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price
Balance at December 31, 2020 | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Shares acquired concurrent with acquisition | 3,379 |  |  | 2.94 |  |  | 2.95 |
Granted | 1,598 |  |  | 2.39 |  |  | 8.13 |
Forfeited | (84) |  |  | 1.35 |  |  | 6.60 |
Balance at December 31, 2021 | 4,893 |  |  | $ | 2.79 |  |  | $ | 4.58 |
Granted | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Forfeited | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Exercised | (48) |  |  | 3.66 |  |  | 6.00 |
Balance at December 31, 2022 | 4,845 |  |  | $ | 2.78 |  |  | $ | 4.57 |
We use the Black-Scholes option-pricing model to estimate the fair value of SAR awards. The grant date fair value of the SARs granted in 2021 ranged from $2.20 to $3.66. SARs granted in 2021 vest in 1 to 3 years. The vesting period of these awards is generally commensurate with the requisite service period. The assumptions used to value these awards were as follows: expected life ranging from 2.8 to 4 years, risk free interest rate of approximately 1.0%, expected volatility ranging from of 35.5% to 38.1%, and dividend yield of 0.0%. The term of these awards is 5 years. Certain of the Company’s SAR awards are settled in cash. These awards are liability classified and remeasured at each reporting period. As of December 31, 2022, the assumptions for the Black-Scholes model for these awards were as follows: expected life ranging from 2 to 3 years, risk free interest rate of approximately 4%, expected volatility ranging from of 37.0% to 41.4%, and dividend yield of 0.0%. The remaining term of these awards as of December 31, 2022, is approximately 4 years. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the number of SAR awards that vested were 1,943 and 1,950, respectively. As of December 31, 2022 and 2021, 3,845 and 1,950 SAR awards had vested and were exercisable, respectively. The aggregate intrinsic value of the SAR awards outstanding as of December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $11,063 and $19,677 respectively. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the weighted average remaining contractual life for the SAR awards was 1.45 years and 1.15 years, respectively. At December 31, 2022 and 2021, the unrecognized compensation expense for these awards was $1,175 and $4,639, respectively, to be recognized over a weighted average period of 1.45 and 1.15 years, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021, the total recognized in stock-based compensation related to all stock compensation awards was $36,663 and $75,032, respectively. The related income tax benefit for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was $4,106 and $5,289, respectively. Subsidiary Awards Certain of the Company’s subsidiaries grant awards to their employees providing them with an equity interest in the respective subsidiary (the “profits interests awards”). The profits interests awards generally provide the employee the right, but not the obligation, to sell its profits interest in the subsidiary to the Company based on a performance-based formula and, in certain cases, receive a profit share distribution. The profits interests awards are settled in cash and the corresponding liability was $20,961 and $36,418 at December 31, 2022 and 2021, respectively and is included as a component of Accruals and other liabilities and Other liabilities on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The change in the profits interest liabilities for the years ended December 31, 2022 and 2021 was a decrease of $4,179 and an increase of $536, respectively and was recorded as stock-based compensation in Office and general expenses within the Statements of Operations. | 12,781 and $8,221, respectively,

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