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Loans and Allowance for Credit Losses (Tables)
9 Months Ended
Sep. 30, 2023
Receivables [Abstract]  
Schedule of Loans Held for Sale
The following table presents loans held for sale:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Commercial6,416 5,641 
Total loans held for sale$6,416 $5,641 
Schedule of Amortized Cost and Unpaid Principal
The following table presents the amortized cost and unpaid principal balance of loans held for investment:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
(Dollars in thousands)Amortized
Cost
Unpaid
Principal
DifferenceAmortized
Cost
Unpaid
Principal
Difference
Commercial real estate$817,064 $818,140 $(1,076)$678,144 $679,239 $(1,095)
Construction, land development, land131,862 132,413 (551)90,976 91,147 (171)
1-4 family residential129,588 129,768 (180)125,981 126,185 (204)
Farmland62,698 62,871 (173)68,934 69,185 (251)
Commercial1,251,939 1,258,981 (7,042)1,251,110 1,262,493 (11,383)
Factored receivables1,213,702 1,217,129 (3,427)1,237,449 1,241,032 (3,583)
Consumer8,166 8,168 (2)8,868 8,871 (3)
Mortgage warehouse756,509 756,509 — 658,829 658,829 — 
Total loans held for investment4,371,528 $4,383,979 $(12,451)4,120,291 $4,136,981 $(16,690)
Allowance for credit losses(34,815)(42,807)
$4,336,713 $4,077,484 
Summary of Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses The activity in the allowance for credit losses (“ACL”) related to loans held for investment is as follows:
(Dollars in thousands)Beginning
Balance
Credit Loss
Expense
Charge-offsRecoveriesEnding
Balance
Three months ended September 30, 2023
Commercial real estate$4,783 $1,008 $(16)$— $5,775 
Construction, land development, land1,235 (5)— 1,232 
1-4 family residential1,046 (8)— 1,039 
Farmland476 (42)— — 434 
Commercial12,977 (44)(213)69 12,789 
Factored receivables13,441 389 (1,453)247 12,624 
Consumer166 (157)(143)300 166 
Mortgage warehouse846 (90)— — 756 
$34,970 $1,051 $(1,825)$619 $34,815 
(Dollars in thousands)Beginning
Balance
Credit Loss
Expense
Charge-offsRecoveriesEnding
Balance
Three months ended September 30, 2022
Commercial real estate$5,167 $(373)$— $— $4,794 
Construction, land development, land1,192 (198)— 995 
1-4 family residential757 (16)— 742 
Farmland490 (23)— — 467 
Commercial12,738 3,431 (208)59 16,020 
Factored receivables22,212 183 (2,433)172 20,134 
Consumer197 62 (106)49 202 
Mortgage warehouse654 103 — — 757 
$43,407 $3,169 $(2,747)$282 $44,111 
(Dollars in thousands)Beginning
Balance
Credit Loss
Expense
Charge-offsRecoveriesEnding
Balance
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Commercial real estate$4,459 $1,262 $(16)$70 $5,775 
Construction, land development, land1,155 73 — 1,232 
1-4 family residential838 195 (5)11 1,039 
Farmland483 (49)— — 434 
Commercial15,918 2,271 (5,559)159 12,789 
Factored receivables19,121 2,460 (9,566)609 12,624 
Consumer175 (92)(414)497 166 
Mortgage warehouse658 98 — — 756 
$42,807 $6,218 $(15,560)$1,350 $34,815 
(Dollars in thousands)Beginning
Balance
Credit Loss
Expense
Charge-offsRecoveriesEnding
Balance
Nine months ended September 30, 2022
Commercial real estate$3,961 $881 $(108)$60 $4,794 
Construction, land development, land827 165 — 995 
1-4 family residential468 268 — 742 
Farmland562 (95)— — 467 
Commercial14,485 2,417 (1,192)310 16,020 
Factored receivables20,915 2,298 (3,853)774 20,134 
Consumer226 180 (313)109 202 
Mortgage warehouse769 (12)— — 757 
$42,213 $6,102 $(5,466)$1,262 $44,111 
Individual And Collective Allowance For Credit Losses On Financing Receivables And Loan Balances
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of collateral dependent loans, which are individually evaluated to determine expected credit losses, and the related ACL allocated to these loans:
(Dollars in thousands)Real EstateAccounts
Receivable
EquipmentOtherTotalACL
Allocation
September 30, 2023
Commercial real estate$1,998 $— $174 $1,703 $3,875 $327 
Construction, land development, land— — — — — — 
1-4 family residential1,120 — — 26 1,146 126 
Farmland298 — — 930 1,228 — 
Commercial939 — 2,929 20,315 24,183 2,080 
Factored receivables— 39,404 — — 39,404 6,904 
Consumer— — — 171 171 — 
Mortgage warehouse— — — — — — 
Total$4,355 $39,404 $3,103 $23,145 $70,007 $9,437 
(Dollars in thousands)Real EstateAccounts
Receivable
EquipmentOtherTotalACL
Allocation
December 31, 2022
Commercial real estate$1,003 $— $— $140 $1,143 $283 
Construction, land development, land150 — — — 150 — 
1-4 family residential1,342 — — 49 1,391 108 
Farmland196 — 108 96 400 — 
Commercial193 — 5,334 10,370 15,897 4,737 
Factored receivables— 42,409 — — 42,409 13,042 
Consumer— — — 91 91 — 
Mortgage warehouse— — — — — — 
Total$2,884 $42,409 $5,442 $10,746 $61,481 $18,170 
Summary of Contractually Past Due and Nonaccrual Loans
The following tables present an aging of contractually past due loans:
(Dollars in thousands)Past Due
30-59 Days
Past Due
60-90 Days
Past Due 90
Days or More
Total
Past Due
CurrentTotalPast Due 90
Days or More
and Accruing
September 30, 2023
Commercial real estate$100 $306 $1,362 $1,768 $815,296 $817,064 $— 
Construction, land development, land— — — — 131,862 131,862 — 
1-4 family residential540 306 245 1,091 128,497 129,588 — 
Farmland147 — — 147 62,551 62,698 — 
Commercial16,445 2,173 3,650 22,268 1,229,671 1,251,939 — 
Factored receivables26,772 6,234 26,346 59,352 1,154,350 1,213,702 26,346 
Consumer17 19 20 56 8,110 8,166 — 
Mortgage warehouse— — — — 756,509 756,509 — 
Total$44,021 $9,038 $31,623 $84,682 $4,286,846 $4,371,528 $26,346 
(Dollars in thousands)Past Due
30-59 Days
Past Due
60-90 Days
Past Due 90
Days or More
Total
Past Due
CurrentTotalPast Due 90
Days or More
and Accruing
December 31, 2022
Commercial real estate$1,301 $— $455 $1,756 $676,388 $678,144 $— 
Construction, land development, land— — 145 145 90,831 90,976 — 
1-4 family residential936 531 776 2,243 123,738 125,981 — 
Farmland— — — — 68,934 68,934 — 
Commercial1,630 3,139 2,847 7,616 1,243,494 1,251,110 — 
Factored receivables42,797 12,651 37,142 92,590 1,144,859 1,237,449 37,142 
Consumer52 41 95 8,773 8,868 — 
Mortgage warehouse— — — — 658,829 658,829 — 
Total$46,716 $16,362 $41,367 $104,445 $4,015,846 $4,120,291 $37,142 
Summary of Amortized Cost Basis of Loans on Nonaccrual Status
The following table presents the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status and the amortized cost basis of loans on nonaccrual status for which there was no related allowance for credit losses:
September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
(Dollars in thousands)Total NonaccrualNonaccrual
With No ACL
Total NonaccrualNonaccrual
With No ACL
Commercial real estate$3,801 $2,099 $871 $319 
Construction, land development, land— — 150 150 
1-4 family residential1,146 958 1,391 1,238 
Farmland1,228 1,228 400 400 
Commercial24,182 20,671 15,393 3,662 
Factored receivables— — — — 
Consumer171 171 91 91 
Mortgage warehouse— — — — 
$30,528 $25,127 $18,296 $5,860 
Schedule of Accrued Interest on Non Accrual Loans Reversed Through Interest Income
The following table presents accrued interest on nonaccrual loans reversed through interest income:
Three Months Ended September 30,Nine Months Ended September 30,
(Dollars in thousands)2023202220232022
Commercial real estate$$— $17 $— 
Construction, land development, land— — — 
1-4 family residential
Farmland35 — 57 — 
Commercial47 — 55 
Factored receivables— — — — 
Consumer— — 
Mortgage warehouse— — — — 
$86 $$139 $
Schedule of Nonperforming Loans
The following table presents information regarding nonperforming loans:
(Dollars in thousands)September 30, 2023December 31, 2022
Nonaccrual loans$30,528 $18,296 
Factored receivables greater than 90 days past due22,765 28,940 
Other nonperforming factored receivables(1)
— 491 
Troubled debt restructurings accruing interest— 503 
$53,293 $48,230 
(1)Other nonperforming factored receivables represent the portion of the Over-Formula Advance Portfolio that is not covered by Covenant's indemnification as well as other nonperforming factored receivables less than 90 days past due. This amount is also considered Classified from a risk rating perspective.
Summary of Risk Category of Loans As of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022, based on the most recent analysis performed, the risk category of loans is as follows:
Revolving
Loans
Revolving
Loans
Converted
To Term
Loans
Total
(Dollars in thousands)Year of Origination
September 30, 202320232022202120202019Prior
Commercial real estate
Pass$140,428 $189,753 $122,245 $55,488 $24,826 $106,522 $87,141 $122 $726,525 
Classified— 38,008 3,100 46,587 747 2,097 — — 90,539 
Total commercial real estate$140,428 $227,761 $125,345 $102,075 $25,573 $108,619 $87,141 $122 $817,064 
YTD gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $16 $— $— $— $16 
Construction, land development, land
Pass$35,355 $50,828 $30,928 $5,798 $349 $6,007 $2,597 $— $131,862 
Classified— — — — — — — — — 
Total construction, land development, land$35,355 $50,828 $30,928 $5,798 $349 $6,007 $2,597 $— $131,862 
YTD gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
1-4 family residential
Pass$7,705 $10,460 $6,003 $10,253 $4,441 $50,464 $37,909 $1,173 $128,408 
Classified167 16 15 175 72 608 127 — 1,180 
Total 1-4 family residential$7,872 $10,476 $6,018 $10,428 $4,513 $51,072 $38,036 $1,173 $129,588 
YTD gross charge-offs$$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $
Farmland
Pass$16,003 $13,463 $5,658 $7,913 $4,582 $11,085 $1,778 $73 $60,555 
Classified190 — 19 — — 1,934 — — 2,143 
Total farmland$16,193 $13,463 $5,677 $7,913 $4,582 $13,019 $1,778 $73 $62,698 
YTD gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Commercial
Pass$138,634 $306,209 $110,662 $95,731 $33,386 $23,715 $507,606 $1,253 $1,217,196 
Classified127 18,341 4,958 9,340 649 641 687 — 34,743 
Total commercial$138,761 $324,550 $115,620 $105,071 $34,035 $24,356 $508,293 $1,253 $1,251,939 
YTD gross charge-offs$$516 $4,496 $368 $$133 $35 $— $5,559 
Factored receivables
Pass$1,175,928 $— $— $3,581 $— $— $— $— $1,179,509 
Classified14,832 — — 19,361 — — — — 34,193 
Total factored receivables$1,190,760 $— $— $22,942 $— $— $— $— $1,213,702 
YTD gross charge-offs$3,943 $2,293 $— $3,330 $— $— $— $— $9,566 
Consumer
Pass$2,226 $2,273 $877 $577 $135 $1,862 $46 $— $7,996 
Classified— — 87 — — 83 — — 170 
Total consumer$2,226 $2,273 $964 $577 $135 $1,945 $46 $— $8,166 
YTD gross charge-offs$374 $$16 $$$$— $— $414 
Mortgage warehouse
Pass$756,509 $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $756,509 
Classified— — — — — — — — — 
Total mortgage warehouse$756,509 $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $756,509 
YTD gross charge-offs$— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $— 
Total loans
Pass$2,272,788 $572,986 $276,373 $179,341 $67,719 $199,655 $637,077 $2,621 $4,208,560 
Classified15,316 56,365 8,179 75,463 1,468 5,363 814 — 162,968 
Total loans$2,288,104 $629,351 $284,552 $254,804 $69,187 $205,018 $637,891 $2,621 $4,371,528 
YTD gross charge-offs$4,324 $2,818 $4,512 $3,706 $27 $138 $35 $— $15,560 
Revolving
Loans
Revolving
Loans
Converted
To Term
Loans
Total
(Dollars in thousands)Year of Origination
December 31, 202220222021202020192018Prior
Commercial real estate
Pass$231,427 $156,895 $198,541 $28,033 $17,786 $35,658 $3,675 $— $672,015 
Classified3,668 551 1,855 39 — 16 — — 6,129 
Total commercial real estate$235,095 $157,446 $200,396 $28,072 $17,786 $35,674 $3,675 $— $678,144 
Construction, land development, land
Pass$71,236 $11,328 $4,535 $3,186 $35 $506 $— $— $90,826 
Classified— — — — 145 — — 150 
Total construction, land development, land$71,236 $11,328 $4,540 $3,186 $35 $651 $— $— $90,976 
1-4 family residential
Pass$26,306 $22,639 $9,536 $2,929 $3,528 $20,910 $38,361 $300 $124,509 
Classified137 199 53 1,006 69 — 1,472 
Total 1-4 family residential$26,443 $22,838 $9,543 $2,982 $3,529 $21,916 $38,430 $300 $125,981 
Farmland
Pass$18,190 $7,291 $10,027 $2,699 $6,742 $18,569 $1,016 $204 $64,738 
Classified1,062 2,796 120 108 — 110 — — 4,196 
Total farmland$19,252 $10,087 $10,147 $2,807 $6,742 $18,679 $1,016 $204 $68,934 
Commercial
Pass$358,983 $181,933 $136,635 $41,912 $5,842 $12,145 $486,889 $161 $1,224,500 
Classified10,721 10,579 3,767 1,038 96 116 293 — 26,610 
Total commercial$369,704 $192,512 $140,402 $42,950 $5,938 $12,261 $487,182 $161 $1,251,110 
Factored receivables
Pass$1,196,912 $— $7,710 $— $— $— $— $— $1,204,622 
Classified12,974 — 19,853 — — — — — 32,827 
Total factored receivables$1,209,886 $— $27,563 $— $— $— $— $— $1,237,449 
Consumer
Pass$2,768 $1,981 $894 $304 $266 $2,418 $147 $— $8,778 
Classified— — 79 — — 90 
Total consumer$2,768 $1,982 $896 $304 $274 $2,497 $147 $— $8,868 
Mortgage warehouse
Pass$658,829 $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $658,829 
Classified— — — — — — — — — 
Total mortgage warehouse$658,829 $— $— $— $— $— $— $— $658,829 
Total loans
Pass$2,564,651 $382,067 $367,878 $79,063 $34,199 $90,206 $530,088 $665 $4,048,817 
Classified28,562 14,126 25,609 1,238 105 1,472 362 — 71,474 
Total loans$2,593,213 $396,193 $393,487 $80,301 $34,304 $91,678 $530,450 $665 $4,120,291 
Summary of Loan Modifications
The following tables present the amortized cost basis at the end of the reporting period of the loans modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty:
Term Extension
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)Amortized Cost % of PortfolioAmortized Cost% of Portfolio
Commercial real estate$111 — %$111 — %
1-4 family residential271 0.2 %271 0.2 %
Farmland762 1.2 %762 1.2 %
Commercial1,913 0.2 %1,913 0.2 %
$3,057 0.1 %$3,057 0.1 %
Term Extension and Rate Reduction
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)Amortized Cost % of PortfolioAmortized Cost% of Portfolio
Commercial real estate$83,344 10.2 %$83,344 10.2 %
Commercial549 — %549 — %
$83,893 1.9 %$83,893 1.9 %
The following tables describe the financial effect of the modifications made to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty:
Term Extension
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Commercial real estate
Modification added a weighted average 0.3 years to the life of the modified loans.
Modification added a weighted average 0.9 years to the life of the modified loans.
1-4 family residential
Modification added a weighted average 0.5 years to the life of the modified loans.
Modification added a weighted average 0.5 years to the life of the modified loans.
Farmland
Modification added a weighted average 0.5 years to the life of the modified loans.
Modification added a weighted average 0.5 years to the life of the modified loans.
Commercial
Modification added a weighted average 0.5 years to the life of the modified loans.
Modification added a weighted average 0.6 years to the life of the modified loans.
Term Extension and rate Reduction
Three Months Ended September 30, 2023Nine Months Ended September 30, 2023
Commercial real estate
Modification added a weighted average 0.5 years to the life of the modified loans and reduced the weighted average contractual interest rate from 10.1% to 5.1%.
Modification added a weighted average 0.5 years to the life of the modified loans and reduced the weighted average contractual interest rate from 10.1% to 5.1%.
Commercial
Modification added a weighted average 0.3 years to the life of the modified loans and reduced the weighted average contractual interest rate from 9.5% to 8.6%.
Modification added a weighted average 0.3 years to the life of the modified loans and reduced the weighted average contractual interest rate from 9.5% to 8.6%.
The following table presents the payment status of loans that have been modified in the last twelve months:
September 30, 2023
(Dollars in thousands)CurrentPast Due
30-89 Days
Past Due
90 Days or More
Commercial real estate$83,455 $— $— 
1-4 family residential271 — — 
Farmland762 — — 
Commercial2,462 — — 
$86,950 $— $—