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Stock-Based Compensation | 3 Months Ended
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Jul. 27, 2013
Stock-Based Compensation [Abstract] |
Stock-Based Compensation | Note 7: Stock-Based Compensation The table below summarizes the total stock-based compensation expense recognized for all outstanding grants in our consolidated statement of income:
|  | Quarter Ended |
(Unaudited, amounts in thousands) |  | 7/27/13 |  |  | 7/28/12 |
Equity-based awards expense |  | $ | 3,193 |  |  | $ | 3,619 |
Liability-based awards expense (income) |  |  | 1,904 |  |  |  | (72 | )
Total stock-based compensation expense |  | $ | 5,097 |  |  | $ | 3,547 |
The table below summarizes the grants made during the first quarter of fiscal 2014:
(Unaudited, shares/units in thousands) |  | Shares/units granted |  | Liability/ Equity award |  | Settlement
Stock options |  | 175 |  | Equity |  | Common shares
Stock appreciation rights (“SARs”) |  | 142 |  | Liability |  | Cash
Restricted stock units – employees |  | 122 |  | Liability |  | Cash
Performance-based units |  | 35 |  | Liability |  | Cash
Performance-based shares |  | 191 |  | Equity |  | Common shares
Stock Options. We granted 174,595 stock options to employees during the first quarter of fiscal 2014. Compensation expense for stock options is equal to the fair value on the date the award was approved and is recognized over the vesting period. The vesting period for our stock options ranges from one to four years. Options granted to retirement eligible employees are expensed immediately because they vest upon retirement. The fair value for the employee stock options granted was estimated at the date of the grant using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which requires management to make certain assumptions. Expected volatility was estimated based on the historical volatility of our common shares. The average expected life was based on the contractual term of the stock option and expected employee exercise and post-vesting employment termination trends. The risk-free rate was based on U.S. Treasury issues with a term equal to the expected life assumed at the date of the grant. The fair value of stock options granted during the first quarter of fiscal 2014 was calculated using the following assumptions:
(Unaudited) |  | 7/27/13 |
Risk-free interest rate |  |  | 0.84 | %
Dividend rate |  |  | 0.84 | %
Expected life in years |  |  | 5.0 |
Stock price volatility |  |  | 81.3 | %
Fair value per share |  | $ | 11.63 |
Stock Appreciation Rights. We granted 141,546 stock appreciation rights to employees during the first quarter of fiscal 2014. SARs will be paid in cash upon vesting and as such are accounted for as liability-based awards that will be remeasured to reflect the fair value at the end of each reporting period. These awards vest at 25% per year, beginning one year from the grant date for a term of four years. The fair value for the SARs is estimated at the end of each period using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which requires management to make certain assumptions. The average expected life was based on the contractual term of the SARs and expected employee exercise and post-vesting employment termination trends (which is consistent with the expected life of our option awards). The risk-free rate was based on U.S. Treasury issues with a term equal to the expected life assumed at the end of the reporting period. The fair value of the SARs granted during the first quarter of fiscal 2014 was remeasured at July 27, 2013, using the following assumptions:
(Unaudited) |  | 7/27/13 |
Risk-free interest rate |  |  | 1.20 | %
Dividend rate |  |  | 0.79 | %
Expected life in years |  |  | 4.9 |
Stock price volatility |  |  | 80.5 | %
Fair value per share |  | $ | 12.56 |
Restricted Stock Units. We granted 122,007 restricted stock units to employees during the first quarter of fiscal 2014. These units are accounted for as liability-based awards because upon vesting these awards will be paid in cash. Compensation expense is initially measured and recognized based on the market value (intrinsic value) of our common stock on the grant date and amortized over the vesting period. The liability is remeasured and adjusted based on the market value (intrinsic value) of our common shares on the last day of the reporting period until paid with a corresponding adjustment to reflect the cumulative amount of compensation expense. The fair value of the restricted stock units at July 27, 2013, was $20.34. Each restricted stock unit is the equivalent of one common share. Restricted stock units vest at 25% per year, beginning one year from the grant date for a term of four years. Performance Awards. During the first quarter of fiscal 2014, we granted 35,083 performance-based units and 191,410 performance-based shares, both of which have performance (80% of grants) and market-based (20% of grants) vesting provisions. The performance award opportunity ranges from 50% of the employee’s target award if minimum performance requirements are met to a maximum of 200% of the target award based on the attainment of certain financial goals over a specific performance period, which is generally three fiscal years. These performance awards are offered at no cost to the employees. The performance-based units are accounted for as liability-based awards because upon vesting they will be paid in cash. For performance-based units that vest based on performance conditions, the fair value of each unit was $19.86, which was the market value of our common shares on the last day of the reporting period less expected dividends to be paid prior to vesting, and compensation cost is expensed based on the probability that the performance goals will be obtained. For performance-based units that vest based on market conditions, the fair value of the award was estimated using a Monte Carlo valuation model on the last day of the reporting period, and compensation cost is expensed over the vesting period. The liability for these units was remeasured and adjusted based on the Monte Carlo valuation at the end of each reporting period until paid. Based on the Monte Carlo valuation, the fair value of each performance-based unit that vests based on market conditions was $27.78 at July 27, 2013. The performance-based shares are accounted for as equity-based awards because upon vesting they will be settled in common shares. The grant date fair value of performance-based shares is expensed over the service period. For performance-based shares that vest based on performance conditions, the fair value of each share was $18.58, which was the market value of our common shares on the date of grant less expected dividends to be paid prior to vesting, and compensation cost is expensed based on the probability that the performance goals will be obtained. For performance-based shares that vest based on market conditions, the fair value of each share was estimated using a Monte Carlo valuation model on the date of grant, and compensation cost is expensed over the vesting period, regardless of the ultimate vesting of the award, similar to the expensing of a stock option award. The fair value for each performance-based share that vests based on market conditions, as determined by the Monte Carlo valuation, was $26.08 at the grant date.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for compensation-related costs for equity-based compensation, which may include disclosure of policies, compensation plan details, allocation of equity compensation, incentive distributions, equity-based arrangements to obtain goods and services, deferred compensation arrangements, employee stock ownership plan details and employee stock purchase plan details. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5047-113901 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5070-113901 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 505 -SubTopic 50 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6406099&loc=d3e25284-112666 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (FAS) -Number 123R -Paragraph 64, 65, A240 -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy. Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 40 -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6418621&loc=d3e17540-113929 Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 718 -SubTopic 10 -Section 50 -Paragraph 4 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/extlink&oid=6415400&loc=d3e5444-113901 Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher SEC -Name Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) -Number Topic 14 Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/presentationRef -Publisher AICPA -Name Statement of Position (SOP) -Number 93-6 -Paragraph 53 -LegacyDoc This reference is SUPERSEDED by the Accounting Standards Codification effective for interim and annual periods ending after September 15, 2009. This reference is included to help users transition from the previous accounting hierarchy and will be removed from future versions of this taxonomy. + Details
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