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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K

(Mark One) |
☒ | ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended April 29, 2023
OR

☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
COMMISSION FILE NUMBER 1-9656
LA-Z-BOY INCORPORATED
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Michigan |  | 38-0751137
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

One La-Z-Boy Drive, | Monroe, | Michigan |  | 48162-5138
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (734) 242-1444
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading Symbol(s) |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $1.00 par value |  | LZB |  | New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section15(d) of the Exchange Act. Yes ☐ No ☒
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ☒ | Accelerated filer | ☐ | Non-accelerated filer | ☐ | Smaller reporting company | ☐ | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management’s assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒
If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐
Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ☐ No ☒
Based on the closing sales price as reported on the New York Stock Exchange on October 28, 2022, the aggregate market value of the registrant's common stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant on that date was approximately $1,088 million.
The number of shares of common stock, $1.00 par value, of the registrant outstanding as of June 13, 2023 was 43,317,622.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:
(1)Portions of the registrant's definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A for its 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Form 10-K.

Table of Contents
LA-Z-BOY INCORPORATED
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K FOR FISCAL 2023
TABLE OF CONTENTS

|  | Page Number(s)
Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements | 3
PART I |
Item 1. | Business | 4
Item 1A | Risk Factors | 11
Item 1B | Unresolved Staff Comments | 18
Item 2. | Properties | 18
Item 3. | Legal Proceedings | 18
Item 4. | Mine Safety Disclosures | 18
Information About Our Executive Officers | 18
PART II |
Item 5. | Market for Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities | 20
Item 6. | Reserved | 21
Item 7. | Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 21
Item 7A | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk | 31
Item 8. | Financial Statements and Supplementary Data | 32
Item 9. | Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure | 71
Item 9A | Controls and Procedures | 71
Item 9B | Other Information | 71
Item 9C | Disclosure Regarding Foreign Jurisdictions that Prevent Inspections | 71
PART III |
Item 10. | Directors, Executive Officers, and Corporate Governance | 72
Item 11. | Executive Compensation | 72
Item 12. | Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters | 72
Item 13. | Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence | 72
Item 14. | Principal Account ant Fees and Services | 72
PART IV |
Item 15. | Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules | 72
Item 16. | Form 10-K Summary | 74

Note: The responses to Items 10 through 14 of Part III will be included in the La-Z-Boy Incorporated definitive proxy statement to be filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission pursuant to Regulation 14A for the 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders. The required information is incorporated into this Form 10-K by reference to that document and is not repeated herein.
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Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
In this Annual Report on Form 10-K ("Annual Report"), La-Z-Boy Incorporated and its subsidiaries (individually and collectively, "we," "our," "us," "La-Z-Boy" or the "Company") make "forward-looking" statements within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Generally, forward-looking statements include information concerning expectations, projections or trends relating to our results of operations, financial results, financial condition, strategic initiatives and plans, expenses, dividends, share repurchases, liquidity, use of cash and cash requirements, borrowing capacity, investments, future economic performance, and our business and industry.
Forward-looking statements can be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. Forward-looking statements may include words such as "aim," "anticipates," "believes," "continues," "estimates," "expects," "feels," "forecasts," "hopes," "intends," "plans," "projects," "likely," "seeks," "short-term," "non-recurring," "one-time," "outlook," "target," "unusual," or words of similar meaning, or future or conditional verbs, such as "will," "should," "could," or "may." A forward-looking statement is neither a prediction nor a guarantee of future events or circumstances, and those future events or circumstances may not occur. You should not place undue reliance on forward-looking statements, which speak to our views only as of the date of this Annual Report. These forward-looking statements are all based on currently available operating, financial, and competitive information and are subject to various risks and uncertainties, many of which are unforeseeable and beyond our control. Additional risks and uncertainties that we do not presently know about or that we currently consider to be immaterial may also affect our business operations and financial performance.
Our actual future results and trends may differ materially from those we anticipate depending on a variety of factors, including, but not limited to, the risks and uncertainties discussed in this Annual Report under Item 1A, "Risk Factors" and Item 7, "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations". Given these risks and uncertainties, you should not rely on forward-looking statements as a prediction of actual results. Any or all of the forward-looking statements contained in this Annual Report or any other public statement made by us, including by our management, may turn out to be incorrect. We are including this cautionary note to make applicable and take advantage of the safe harbor provisions of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 for forward-looking statements. We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or for any other reason.
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PART I
ITEM 1. BUSINESS.
Edward M. Knabusch and Edwin J. Shoemaker started Floral City Furniture in 1927, and in 1928 the newly formed company introduced its first recliner. In 1941, we were incorporated in the state of Michigan as La-Z-Boy Chair Company, and in 1996 we changed our name to La-Z-Boy Incorporated. Today, our La-Z-Boy brand is one of the most recognized brands in the furniture industry.
We are the leading global producer of reclining chairs and the second largest manufacturer/distributor of residential furniture in the United States. The La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores retail network is the third largest retailer of single-branded furniture in the United States. We manufacture, market, import, export, distribute and retail upholstery furniture products under the La-Z-Boy®, England, Kincaid®, and Joybird® tradenames. In addition, we import, distribute and retail accessories and casegoods (wood) furniture products under the Kincaid®, American Drew®, Hammary®, and Joybird® tradenames.
As of April 29, 2023, our supply chain operations included the following:
•Five major manufacturing locations and 12 distribution centers in the United States and four facilities in Mexico to support our speed-to-market and customization strategy
•A logistics company that distributes a portion of our products in the United States
•A wholesale sales office that is responsible for distribution of our product in the United Kingdom and Ireland
•An upholstery manufacturing business in the United Kingdom
•A global trading company in Hong Kong which helps us manage our Asian supply chain by establishing and maintaining relationships with our Asian suppliers, as well as identifying efficiencies and savings opportunities
During the third quarter of fiscal 2023, we made the decision to close our manufacturing facility in Torreón, Mexico as part of our initiative to drive improved efficiencies through optimized staffing levels within our plants. Torreón was the last facility to begin operating as part of our broader Mexico manufacturing expansion in fiscal 2021 and 2022 to meet pandemic-related upholstery demand and accounted for approximately 3% of our La-Z-Boy branded production. As a result of this action, charges were recorded within the Wholesale segment in the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2023 totaling $9.2 million in selling, general, and administrative expense for the impairment of various assets, primarily long-lived assets, and $1.6 million in cost of sales, primarily related to severance.
We also participate in two consolidated joint ventures in Thailand that support our international businesses: one that operates a manufacturing facility and another that operates a wholesale sales office. Additionally, we have contracts with several suppliers in Asia to produce products that support our pure import model for casegoods.
We sell our products through multiple channels: to furniture retailers or distributors in the United States, Canada, and approximately 50 other countries, including the United Kingdom, China, Australia, South Korea and New Zealand; directly to consumers through retail stores that we own and operate; and through our websites, www.la-z-boy.com and www.joybird.com.
•The centerpiece of our retail distribution strategy is our network of 349 La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores and 522 La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio® locations, each dedicated to marketing our La-Z-Boy branded products. We consider this dedicated space to be "proprietary."
◦La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores help consumers furnish their homes by combining the style, comfort, and quality of La-Z-Boy furniture with our available design services. We own 171 of the La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores, while the remainder are independently owned and operated.
◦La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio® locations are defined spaces within larger independent retailers that are dedicated to displaying and selling La-Z-Boy branded products. All 522 La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio® locations are independently owned and operated.
◦In total, we have approximately 7.6 million square feet of proprietary floor space dedicated to selling La-Z-Boy branded products in North America.
◦We also have approximately 2.6 million square feet of floor space outside of the United States and Canada dedicated to selling La-Z-Boy branded products.
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•Our other brands, England, American Drew, Hammary, and Kincaid enjoy distribution through many of the same outlets, with slightly over half of Hammary’s sales originating through the La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® store network.
◦Kincaid and England have their own dedicated proprietary in-store programs with 614 outlets and approximately 1.9 million square feet of proprietary floor space.
◦In total, our proprietary floor space includes approximately 12.1 million square feet worldwide.
•Joybird sells product primarily online and has a limited amount of proprietary retail showroom floor space including ten small-format stores in key urban markets.
Principal Products and Industry Segments
Our reportable operating segments include the Wholesale segment and the Retail segment. Our Wholesale segment manufactures and imports upholstered and casegoods (wood) furniture and sells directly to La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores, operators of La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio® locations, branded space locations, England Custom Comfort Center locations, major dealers, and a wide cross-section of other independent retailers. Our Retail segment primarily sells upholstered furniture, in addition to some casegoods and other accessories, to end consumers through our company-owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores.
We have provided additional detailed information regarding our segments and their products in Note 17, Segment Information,
to our consolidated financial statements and Item 7, "Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" section, both of which are included in this report.
Raw Materials and Parts
The principal raw materials and parts used for manufacturing that are purchased are cover (primarily fabrics and leather), polyester batting and polyurethane foam for cushioning and padding, lumber and plywood for frames, steel for motion mechanisms, electrical components for power units and various other metal components for fabrication of product. We purchase most of our polyurethane foam from two suppliers, which have several facilities across the United States that deliver to our plants. We purchase cover from a variety of sources, but we rely on a limited number of major suppliers. We purchase more than half of our cover in a raw state (fabric rolls or leather hides) primarily from suppliers in China, then cut and sew it into cover in our cut and sew facilities in Mexico. We purchase the remainder of our cut and sewn leather and fabric kits from five main suppliers primarily from China as well as Vietnam. We use these suppliers primarily for their product design capabilities and to balance our mix of in-sourced and out-sourced production. If any of these suppliers experience financial or other difficulties, we could experience temporary disruptions in our manufacturing process until we find alternative sources of supply.
We manage our Asian supply chain through our global trading company in Hong Kong, which works to identify efficiencies and savings opportunities, while verifying La-Z-Boy quality standards are being adhered to and managing the relationships with our Asian suppliers.
During fiscal 2022 and the first half of fiscal 2023, the prices of materials we use in our upholstery manufacturing process increased, driven by supply chain challenges due to COVID-19, higher demand for raw materials in manufacturing sectors and the home furnishings industry due to an economic sector rotation, and inflationary cost pressure. During the second half of fiscal 2023, raw material prices began to decrease relative to the historic highs experienced in the prior year, but are still well above pre-pandemic levels. As we begin fiscal 2024, we anticipate that prices will remain relatively consistent with those seen at the end of fiscal 2023, with potential increases due to economic volatility and price inflation in our core materials. To the extent that we again experience incremental costs in any of these areas, as we did in fiscal 2023, we may increase our selling prices or assess material surcharges to offset the impact. However, increases in selling prices, or surcharges, may not fully mitigate the impact of raw material cost increases, which could adversely impact operating profits.
Finished Goods Imports
Imported finished goods represented 7% and 6% of our consolidated sales in fiscal 2023 and 2022, respectively. In fiscal 2023, we purchased 74% of this imported product from five suppliers based in Asia. We use these suppliers primarily to leverage our buying power, to control quality and product flow, and because their capabilities align with our product design needs. If any of these suppliers experience financial or other difficulties, we could experience disruptions in our product flow until we obtain
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alternate suppliers, which could be lengthy due to the longer lead time required for sourced wood furniture from Asian manufacturers.
The prices we paid for these imported products, including associated transportation costs, decreased throughout 2023 compared with fiscal 2022 when costs increased drastically due to the constrained supply chain along with the lack of shipping container availability. In fiscal 2024, we anticipate our product costs will stabilize.
Seasonal Business
Our business has historically displayed seasonal patterns driven by consumer behavior with demand highest in the winter months as discretionary spend tends to shift toward travel and leisure activities during the summer months. For our wholesale businesses, our fiscal fourth quarter has historically had the highest volume of delivered sales relative to other quarters. For our retail businesses, which includes our company-owned retail stores, our fiscal third quarter typically has the highest volume of delivered sales relative to other quarters.
In a typical year, we schedule production to maintain consistent manufacturing activity throughout the year whenever possible. During the summer months, the furniture industry generally experiences weaker demand, and as such we typically shut down our domestic plants for one week each fiscal year to perform routine maintenance on our equipment. Accordingly, for our wholesale business, the first quarter is usually the Company's weakest quarter in terms of sales and earnings. Also driven by the seasonal slowdown in the summer, each of our retail businesses typically experience their lowest sales in our fiscal first quarter.
During the last three fiscal years, our sales volume and production schedule did not follow typical trends due to the impact of COVID-19. As a result of the significant backlog built in prior years driven by heightened demand during the COVID-19 pandemic, in fiscal 2023, our wholesale and retail businesses both experienced their largest sales volume in the second quarter of fiscal 2023. We anticipate that typical seasonal trends in the furniture industry will return to normal in fiscal 2024.
Economic Cycle and Purchasing Cycle
Our sales are impacted by the overall growth of the furniture industry, which is primarily influenced by economic growth, existing and new housing activity, and consumer discretionary spending. In addition, consumer confidence, employment rates, inflation and interest rates, consumer savings levels, international trade policies, and other factors could affect demand. During fiscal 2021 and the beginning of fiscal 2022, we experienced heightened demand as more discretionary spending was allocated to the home furnishings industry due to the impact of COVID-19. However, during fiscal 2023, demand trends have returned to pre-pandemic patterns and therefore, in fiscal 2024, we anticipate furniture demand and purchasing cycles to respond to macroeconomic conditions as they historically have.
Upholstered furniture has a shorter life cycle than casegoods furniture because upholstered furniture is typically more fashion and design-oriented and is often purchased one or two pieces at a time. Purchases and demand for consumer goods, including upholstered furniture, fluctuate based on consumer confidence. Casegoods products, in contrast, are longer-lived and frequently purchased in groupings or "suites," resulting in a much larger cost to the consumer. As a result, casegoods sales are more sensitive to economic conditions, including growth or a slowdown in the housing market, whereas upholstered furniture normally exhibits a less volatile sales pattern over an economic cycle.
Practices Regarding Working Capital Items
The following describes our significant practices regarding working capital items.
Inventory: For our upholstery business within our Wholesale segment, we maintain raw materials and work-in-process inventory at our manufacturing locations. Finished goods inventory is maintained at our 12 distribution centers as well as our manufacturing locations. Our distribution centers allow us to streamline the warehousing and distribution processes for our La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® store network, including both company-owned stores and independently-owned stores. Our distribution centers also allow us to reduce the number of individual warehouses needed to supply our retail outlets and help us reduce inventory levels at our manufacturing and retail locations.
For our casegoods business within our Wholesale segment, we import wood furniture from Asian vendors, resulting in long lead times on these products. To address these long lead times and meet our customers' delivery requirements, we typically maintain higher levels of finished goods inventory in our warehouses, as a percentage of sales, of our casegoods products than our upholstery products.
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Our company-owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores have finished goods inventory at the stores for display purposes.
Our Joybird business maintains raw materials and work-in-process inventory at its manufacturing location. Joybird finished goods inventory is maintained at our distribution centers, at its manufacturing and warehouse locations, or in-transit to the end consumer.
Our inventory decreased $26.9 million as of year end fiscal 2023 compared with year end fiscal 2022 primarily due to higher inventory levels at the end of fiscal 2022 to support increased sales demand and manufacturing capacity and to reduce the impact associated with volatility in raw material availability. Additionally, inventory balances at the end of fiscal 2023 were lower as we have worked down our backlog toward pre-pandemic levels and aligned production with incoming order trends. We actively manage our inventory levels on an ongoing basis to ensure they are appropriate relative to our sales volume, while maintaining our focus on service to our customers.
Accounts Receivable: Our accounts receivable decreased $58.2 million as of year end fiscal 2023 compared with year end fiscal 2022. The decrease in accounts receivable was primarily due to lower fourth quarter sales in fiscal 2023 compared with the same period a year ago as the prior year benefited from sales generated from the backlog built up in prior periods combined with the realization of pricing and surcharge actions taken in response to rising manufacturing costs.
Additionally, our allowance for receivable credit losses was $1.4 million higher at the end of fiscal 2023 compared with the end of fiscal 2022 reflecting uncertainty in the economic outlook. We monitor our customers' accounts, limit our credit exposure to certain independent dealers and strive to decrease our days' sales outstanding where possible.
Accounts Payable: Our accounts payable increased $3.4 million as of year end fiscal 2023 compared with year end fiscal 2022, primarily due to higher marketing costs during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023 compared with the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022.
Customer Deposits: We collect a deposit from our customers at the time a customer order is placed in one of our company-owned retail stores or through our websites, www.la-z-boy.com and www.joybird.com. Customer deposits decreased $77.5 million as of fiscal year end 2023 compared with fiscal year end 2022, as we worked down our backlog toward pre-pandemic levels.
Customers
Our wholesale customers are furniture retailers. While primarily located throughout the United States and Canada, we also have customers located in various other countries, including the United Kingdom, China, Australia, South Korea and New Zealand. Sales in our Wholesale segment are primarily to third-party furniture retailers, but we also sell directly to end consumers through our company-owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores that make up our Retail segment and through our websites, www.la-z-boy.com and www.joybird.com.
We have formal agreements with many furniture retailers for them to display and merchandise products from one or more of our operating units and sell them to consumers in dedicated retail space, either in stand-alone stores or dedicated proprietary galleries, studios or branded spaces within their stores. We consider this dedicated space to be "proprietary." For our Wholesale segment, our fiscal 2023 customer mix based on sales was approximately 60% proprietary, 10% major dealers (large, regional retailers), and 30% other independent retailers.
The success of our product distribution model relies heavily on having retail floor space that is dedicated to displaying and marketing our products. The 349-store La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® network is central to this approach. In addition, we sell product through proprietary space within other retail furniture stores, primarily La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio® locations, branded space locations, England Custom Comfort Center locations, Kincaid Shoppes, and other international locations. Additionally, our Joybird business, which sells product primarily online to end consumers through its website, www.joybird.com, also has a limited amount of retail showroom floor space in small-format stores in key urban markets.
Maintaining, updating, and, when appropriate, expanding our proprietary distribution network is a key part of our overall sales and marketing strategy. We intend, over the long-term, to not only increase the number of stores in the network but also to continue to improve their quality, including upgrading old-format stores to our new concept design through remodels and relocations. We continue to maintain and update our current stores to improve the quality of the network. The La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® store network plans to open 7 to 9 stores and relocate or remodel 20 to 25 stores during fiscal 2024, all of which will feature our latest store designs. Additionally, during fiscal 2024 we plan to open or update approximately 100 La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio® locations as well as 40 branded space locations.
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Independent dealers for our proprietary La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® store network were selected based on factors such as their management and financial qualifications and the potential for distribution in specific geographical areas. This proprietary distribution enables us to concentrate our marketing to a dedicated product line across the entire network benefitting La-Z-Boy, these dealers, and our consumers. It also allows dealers in this proprietary group to take advantage of best practices, with which other proprietary dealers have succeeded, and we facilitate forums for these dealers to share them. These La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores provide our consumers a full-service shopping experience with a large variety of products, knowledgeable sales associates, and design service consultants.
Orders and Backlog
We typically build upholstery units based on specific orders, either for dealer stock or to fill consumers' custom orders. We import casegoods product primarily to fill our internal orders, rather than customer or consumer orders, resulting in higher finished goods inventory on hand as a percentage of sales. We define backlog as any written order that has not yet been delivered, whether to an independent furniture retailer, an independently-owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® store, or the end consumer through our company-owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores.
Historically, the size of our backlog at a given time varies and may not be indicative of our future sales and, therefore, we do not rely entirely on backlogs to predict future sales. Our wholesale backlog was $223.1 million as of April 29, 2023, compared with $697.2 million as of April 30, 2022. The decrease in fiscal 2023 was the result of delivering on the backlog built in prior periods, continued production and supply chain efficiencies, and a slow-down in demand relative to the peak experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic. As of the end of fiscal 2023, we believe that our backlog volume and lead times are returning to pre-pandemic levels and we anticipate that they will stabilize in fiscal 2024.
Competitive Conditions
We are the second largest manufacturer/distributor of residential (living and family room, bedroom, and dining room) furniture in the United States, as measured by annual sales volume.
The home furnishings industry competes primarily on the basis of product styling and quality, comfort, customer service (product availability and delivery), price, and location. We compete by emphasizing our brand and the comfort, quality, styling, customization, value of our products, and our available design services. In addition, we remain committed to innovation while striving to provide outstanding customer service, exceptional dealer support, and efficient on-time delivery. Maintaining, updating, and expanding our proprietary distribution system, including identifying desirable retail locations, is a key strategic initiative for us in striving to remain competitive. We compete in the mid to upper-mid price point, and a shift in consumer taste and trends to lower-priced products could negatively affect our competitive position. Additionally, our wholesale business faces increased market pressures from foreign manufacturers entering the United States market and increased direct purchases from foreign suppliers by large United States retailers.
The La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores operate in the retail furniture industry in the United States and Canada, and different stores have different competitors based on their geographic locations. In addition, alternative distribution channels have increasingly affected our retail markets. Direct-to-consumer brands bypass brick and mortar retailers entirely or in some cases have developed a product that can be shipped more easily than traditional upholstered furniture, thus increasing competition for our products. The increased ability of consumers to purchase furniture through various furniture manufacturers' and digital-only retailers' internet websites has also increased competition in the industry. Although digital retailers operate with lower overhead costs than a brick-and-mortar retailer, customer acquisition costs and advertising spend is typically much higher. Department stores and big box retailers with an online presence also offer products that compete with some of our product lines.
Trademarks, Licenses and Patents
We own the La-Z-Boy trademark, which is essential to the Wholesale and Retail segments of our business. We also own the Joybird trademark, which, along with the La-Z-Boy trademark, is essential to our e-commerce business. Additionally, we own a number of other trademarks that we utilize in marketing our products. We consider our La-Z-Boy trademark to be among our most valuable assets and we have registered that trademark and others in the United States and various other countries where our products are sold. These trademarks have a perpetual life, subject to renewal. We license the use of the La-Z-Boy trademark to certain international partners and dealers outside of North America. We also license the use of the La-Z-Boy trademark on contract office furniture, outdoor furniture, and non-furniture products, as these arrangements enhance our brand awareness, broaden the perceptions of La-Z-Boy, and create visibility of the La-Z-Boy brand in channels outside of the residential furniture industry. In addition, we license to our branded dealers the right to use our La-Z-Boy trademark in connection with the sale of
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our products and related services, on their signs, and in other ways, which we consider to be a key part of our marketing strategies. We provide more information about those dealers under "Customers."
We hold a number of United States and foreign patents that we actively enforce. We have followed a policy of filing patent applications for the United States and select foreign countries on inventions, designs and improvements that we deem valuable, but these patents do expire at various times.
While our intellectual property rights in the aggregate are important to the operation of our business, we do not believe that any existing patent, license, trademark or other intellectual property right (other than the La-Z-Boy trademark) is of such importance that its loss or termination would have a material adverse effect on our business taken as a whole. We vigorously protect our trademarks and patents against third-party infringement.
Compliance with Environmental Regulations
Our manufacturing operations involve the use and disposal of certain substances regulated under environmental protection laws and regulations and, from time to time, we may be involved in a small number of remediation actions and site investigations concerning these substances. Based on a review of all currently known facts and our experience with previous environmental matters, we currently do not believe it is probable that we will have any additional loss for environmental matters that would be material to our consolidated financial statements.
Human Capital
Employees
We employed approximately 10,500 full-time equivalent employees as of April 29, 2023, compared with approximately 12,800 employees at the end of fiscal 2022. The decrease in headcount was primarily due to the initiative to drive improved efficiencies through optimized staffing levels within our US, Mexico and Thailand plants. As of April 29, 2023, we employed approximately 8,200 employees in our Wholesale segment, 1,600 in our Retail segment, 480 in our Joybird business, with the remaining employees being corporate personnel. We employ the majority of our employees on a full-time basis.
Purpose and Values
At La-Z-Boy, we believe in the transformational power of comfort. We provide an excellent consumer experience, create high quality products and empower people to transform rooms, homes and communities with comfort. Our teams are committed to our core values of Courage, Curiosity and Compassion. We are not afraid to try new things, we are relentless in our mission to understand our business and consumers, and we honor our almost 100-year legacy that was built on family.
Sustainability
As we build the La-Z-Boy of tomorrow, our goal is to make the world a better place through the transformational power of comfort. Aligned with our core values, we embrace curiosity for sustainable design, operate with compassion for a sustainable planet, and empower courage for a sustainable culture.
Sustainable Design. We embrace curiosity and our inquisitiveness helps us identify innovative opportunities for our products that uphold our commitment to quality, rely on sustainable materials and drive best practices in our supplier partnerships.
Sustainable Planet. We strive to operate La-Z-Boy with compassion for the environment. We are committed to responsible stewardship and integrate environmentally sound and sustainable practices into our daily decisions. We work to reduce emissions, increase recycling efforts, and conserve water in all areas of our business.
Sustainable Culture. At La-Z-Boy, we support our employees so they can make courageous choices and help our business thrive. Our people practices are linked to our sustainability initiatives. The sustainable culture we are building is designed to empower employees to do what is right in the workplace and in our communities. From supporting our employees’ careers and providing a safe and ethical work environment to giving back to the communities where we live and work, people are always at the heart of our brand.
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Compliance and Ethics
La-Z-Boy is dedicated to upholding the highest ethical standards and working with honesty and integrity in all aspects of our business operations. Our Code of Conduct provides a clear and thorough ethics standard for all employees, officers, and directors with respect to interactions with customers, vendors, and other staff. Employees also undergo annual training on ethics and the Code of Conduct. We also maintain an Ethics Hotline to make it easy for employees and suppliers to report any concerns. This line is available 24 hours a day and is operated by a third-party. Reports are taken by trained professionals and promptly forwarded to our Corporate Compliance team. Employees may also communicate any concerns through a dedicated online portal.
Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging
We believe in creating and fostering a workplace in which all our employees feel valued, included, and empowered to do their best work and contribute their ideas and perspectives. Our Company is committed to recruiting and retaining diverse talent so that our workforce better reflects the communities in which we operate our business globally. We recognize that our employees’ unique backgrounds, experiences and perspectives enable us to create the optimal work environment and deliver on our mission.
Aligning with our purpose and values, we intend to continue to be curious, courageous, and compassionate in our efforts to foster an environment that attracts the best talent, values diversity of life experiences and perspectives and encourages innovation to accelerate the transformational power of comfort.
Our diversity, inclusion and belonging initiatives include:
•Integrating diversity, inclusion and belonging into our overall corporate strategy and developing impactful practices and initiatives to advance our Company’s diversity, inclusion and belonging journey;
•Leveraging our Diversity, Inclusion and Belonging Council to provide enterprise-wide leadership focused on supporting all our employees, developing training and learning opportunities for our employees on diversity, unconscious bias and other topics, and creating sustainable plans to increase diversity in talent acquisition;
•Expanding our support of employee resource groups ("ERGs"), which include groups focused on Multicultural, Pride, Working Parents & Caregivers and Women. Our ERG’s provide learning and mentorship experiences for our diverse employees, supporting our objective of creating diversity awareness across our organization, and helping our employees use their collective voices to positively impact our Company and the communities in which we operate our business and live;
•Revisiting, assessing and implementing changes to our processes, in an effort to continue mitigating unconscious bias and enhancing our inclusion recruiting strategy;
•Enhancing and expanding our supplier inclusion network;
•Expanding inclusive leaders training throughout the organization;
•Creating space for individuals to share their perspective, values and voice to our global population through employee written articles, our internal podcast, and multiple video series on our internal communications platform and;
•Demonstrating our Company’s commitment at the highest levels of leadership, including having our President and Chief Executive Officer sign the CEO Action for Diversity & Inclusion™ pledge to advance diversity and inclusion in the workplace
Safety and Health
We prioritize the health and safety of our employees, partners and the people in communities where we operate.
As the largest industrial manufacturer in many regions where we do business, we recognize our potential impact on surrounding communities. We actively partner with local agencies in these communities to build proactive emergency and contingency plans for any major incidents that may occur at our facilities and any natural disasters that may impact the region.
We work to forge relationships with agencies, such as the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), to understand how we can best adhere to health and safety practices.
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Additionally, the National Safety Council (NSC) has recognized La-Z-Boy with multiple awards for safety performance and leadership throughout the Company’s history. This includes our recognition as a six-time recipient of the Corporate Culture of Safety Award and our recognition as a recipient of the Green Cross for Safety Excellence Award, which recognizes only one corporation each year for outstanding achievement in safety.
Training and Development
We encourage employee growth, curiosity, and courage. We provide our workforce, in all areas of our business,
opportunities for both personal and career advancement, such as offering on-the-job trainings to help employees be more
effective in both current and future roles. This includes training in the operations and retail environment
to maintain high-quality standards as we make and sell our products. We strive to promote employees internally and to provide
new managers with the skills necessary to succeed. Further, we have a leadership development program to train employees who are new to managing teams.
Community Giving
Throughout our 96-year history, giving back to our communities has been woven through La-Z-Boy’s culture following the example set by our founders. When it comes to giving, our vision is to improve the lives of others by developing exceptional programs based on partnerships where employees feel a sense of connection and pride in their communities and our mission is to enhance the quality of life in the communities in which we live and serve through leadership, financial contributions and volunteer efforts.
Our philanthropic initiatives include the La-Z-Boy Foundation, local community involvement, disaster relief and our signature charity, Ronald McDonald House Charities. La-Z-Boy is honored to be the official furniture provider for Ronald McDonald House Charities. Throughout fiscal 2023, La-Z-Boy has continued our support of providing furniture and financial contributions to non-profit organizations with special emphasis on arts/culture/humanities, community enrichment, education and health and human services.
Our employees further exemplify the spirit of giving through leadership and volunteer efforts in their own communities, and for numerous non-profit organizations, which include the United Way, Relay for Life, Habitat for Humanity and others. The Company participates in the "The La-Z-Boy Summer of Caring" during the summer and "The La-Z-Boy Season of Caring" during the winter, seasonal initiatives that encourage and support employee volunteerism. Since launching in 2018, our employees have accumulated over 35,000 hours of caring as part of these programs.
Internet Availability
Our Forms 10-K, 10-Q, 8-K, proxy statements on Schedule 14A, and amendments to those reports are available free of charge through links on our internet website, www.la-z-boy.com, as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC"). Copies of any materials we file or furnish to the SEC can also be obtained free of charge through the SEC's website at www.sec.gov. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this report or any other reports we file with, or furnish to, the SEC.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS.
Our business is subject to a variety of risks. Any of the following risks could materially and adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition, or future prospects. The risks discussed below should be carefully considered, together with the other information provided in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, including Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and our financial statements, including the related notes. These risk factors do not identify all risks that we face. There may be additional risks that are presently unknown to us or that we currently believe to be immaterial that could affect us. Investors should carefully consider all risks, including those disclosed, before making an investment decision.
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Macroeconomic, Market and Strategic Risk Factors
Declines in certain economic and market conditions that impact consumer confidence and consumer spending, or cause further disruption in our business, could negatively impact our sales, results of operations and liquidity.
The furniture industry and our business are particularly sensitive to cyclical variations in the general economy and to uncertainty regarding future economic conditions because our principal products are consumer goods that may be considered postponable discretionary purchases. Economic downturns and prolonged negative economic conditions have in the past affected, and could continue to affect general consumer spending, resulting in a decrease in the overall demand for such discretionary items, including home furnishings. Factors influencing consumer spending include, among others, general economic conditions, consumer disposable income, recession and fears of recession, United States government default or shutdown or the risk of such default or shutdown, inflation, unemployment, war and fears of war, availability of consumer credit, consumer debt levels, consumer confidence, conditions in the housing market, fuel prices, interest rates, sales tax rates, civil disturbances and terrorist activities, natural disasters, adverse weather, and health epidemics or pandemics.
During the COVID-19 pandemic, like many businesses, we experienced significant disruption in our supply chain resulting in unprecedented increases in material and freight costs, as well as significant unavailability or delay of parts or finished goods. While the pandemic-era disruptions have diminished, further significant supply chain shocks, more significant disruption of the furniture industry, disruption within our independent dealer network or third-party wholesalers, or other unusual developments could cause significant disruption to our business and negatively affect our results.
Also during the COVID-19 pandemic, we experienced an increase in demand, as more discretionary consumer spending was allocated to home furnishings. While we have seen a slow-down in demand relative to the COVID-19 era due to the negative impact of various cited factors and the return to more normal seasonality, we are unable to identify and predict to what extent such factors may further impact consumer spending on our products in the short and long term.
Loss of market share and other financial or operational difficulties due to competition would likely result in a decrease in our sales, earnings, and liquidity.
The residential furniture industry is highly competitive and fragmented. We currently compete with many other manufacturers and retailers, including online retailers. Some of these competitors offer widely advertised products or are large retail furniture dealers offering their own store-branded products. Competition in the residential furniture industry is based on quality, style of products, perceived value, price, promotional activities, service to the customer, and advertising. Changes in pricing and promotional activities of competitors may adversely affect our performance. In addition, due to the large number of competitors and their wide range of product offerings, we may not be able to differentiate our products (through styling, finish, and other construction techniques) from those of our competitors. The highly competitive nature of the industry means we are constantly subject to the risk of losing market share, which would likely decrease our future sales, earnings, and liquidity.
A majority of our sales are to distribution channels that rely on physical stores to merchandise and sell our products and a significant shift in consumer preference toward purchasing products online could have a material adverse effect on our sales and operating margin. Over the past several years, the furniture industry in general has experienced a shift to more online purchasing and during the COVID-19 pandemic, this shift accelerated as customer shopping patterns and behaviors changed. We are attempting to meet consumers where they prefer to shop by expanding our online capabilities and improving the user experience at www.la-z-boy.com to drive more traffic to both our online site and our physical stores. We also own Joybird, a leading e-commerce retailer and manufacturer of upholstered furniture. Joybird sells product almost exclusively online, where there is significant competition for customer attention among online and direct-to-consumer brands.
These and other competitive pressures could cause us to lose market share, revenue and customers, increase expenditures or reduce prices, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations or liquidity.
Operational Risk Factors
Our business and our reputation could be adversely affected by cybersecurity incidents and the failure to protect sensitive employee, customer, consumer, vendor or Company data.
Cyber-attacks designed to gain access to and extract sensitive information or otherwise affect or compromise the confidentially, integrity, and availability of information, including phishing attempts, denial of service attacks, and malware or ransomware incidents, have occurred over the last several years at a number of major U.S. companies and have resulted in, among other
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things, the unauthorized release of confidential information, material business disruptions, and negative brand and reputational impacts. Despite widespread recognition of the cyber-attack threat and improved data protection methods, cyber-attacks on organizations continue to be sophisticated, persistent, and ever-changing, making it difficult to prevent and detect these attacks. Similar to many other retailers, we receive and store certain personal information about our employees, wholesale customers, consumers, and vendors. Additionally, we rely on third-party service providers to execute certain business processes and maintain certain information technology systems and infrastructure, and we supply such third-party providers with the personal information required for those services.
During fiscal 2023, we were subject, and in the future, we will likely continue to be subject, to attempts to breach the security of our networks and IT infrastructure through cyber-attack, malware, ransomware, computer viruses, phishing attempts, social engineering and other means of unauthorized access. To the best of our knowledge, attempts to breach our systems have not been successful to date. A breach of our systems, either internally, through potential vulnerabilities of our employees' home networks, or at our third-party technology service providers, could adversely affect our business operations and result in the loss or misappropriation of, and unauthorized access to, sensitive information. A breach that results in the unauthorized release of sensitive information could adversely affect our reputation resulting in a loss of our existing customers and potential future customers, lead to financial losses due to remedial actions or potential liability, possibly including punitive damages, or we could incur regulatory fines or penalties. An electronic security breach resulting in the unauthorized release of sensitive data from our information systems or those of our third-party service providers could also materially increase the costs we already incur to protect against these risks, including costs associated with insurance coverage and potential remediation measures. We continue to balance the additional risk with the cost to protect us against a breach and have taken steps to ensure that losses arising from a breach would be covered in part by insurance that we carry, although the costs, potential monetary damages, and operational consequences of responding to cyber incidents and implementing remediation measures may be in excess of our insurance coverage or be not covered by our insurance at all.
We have implemented a hybrid work approach for certain employees. Although we continue to implement strong physical and cybersecurity measures to ensure that our business operations remain functional and to ensure uninterrupted service to our customers, our systems and our operations remain vulnerable to cyberattacks and other disruptions due to the fact that a portion of our employees work remotely and we cannot be certain that our mitigation efforts will be effective.
We rely extensively on information technology systems to process transactions, summarize results, and manage our business and that of certain independent dealers. Disruptions in both our primary and back-up systems could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our primary and back-up information technology systems are subject to damage or interruption from power outages, telecommunications failures, hardware and software failures, computer hacking, cybersecurity breaches, computer viruses, phishing attempts, cyber-attacks, malware and ransomware attacks, errors by employees, natural disasters, adverse weather, and similar events. We also rely on technology systems and infrastructure provided by third-party service providers, who are subject to these same cyber and other risks. Interruptions of our critical business information technology systems or failure of our back-up systems could result in longer production times or negatively impact customers resulting in damage to our reputation and a reduction in sales. If our critical information technology systems or back-up systems were damaged or ceased to function properly, we might have to make a significant investment to repair or replace them. If a ransomware attack or other cybersecurity breach occurs, either internally or at our third-party technology service providers, it is possible we could be prevented from accessing our data which may cause interruptions or delays in our business, cause us to incur remediation costs or require us to pay ransom to a hacker which takes over our systems, or damage our reputation. While we carry insurance that would mitigate losses from certain damage, interruption, or breach of our information technology systems, insurance may be insufficient to compensate us fully for potential significant losses.
Further, information systems of our suppliers or service providers may be vulnerable to attacks by hackers and other security breaches, including computer viruses and malware, through the internet, email attachments and persons with access to these information systems. If our suppliers or service providers were to experience a system disruption, attack or security breach that impacts a critical function, it could result in disruptions in our supply chain, the loss of sales and customers, potential liability for damages to our customers, reputational damage and incremental costs, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and profitability.
Inability to maintain and enhance our brand and respond to changes in our current and potential consumers' tastes and trends in a timely manner could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
The success of our business depends on our ability to maintain and enhance our brands to increase our business by retaining consumers and attracting new ones. Furniture product is fashion-oriented so changes in consumers' tastes and trends and the
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resultant change in our product mix, as well as failure to offer our consumers multiple avenues for purchasing our products, could adversely affect our business and results of operations. We attempt to minimize these risks by maintaining strong advertising and marketing campaigns promoting our brands. We also attempt to minimize our risk by updating our current product designs, styles, quality, prices, and options to purchase our products in-store or online. If these efforts are unsuccessful or require us to incur substantial costs, our business, results of operations and financial or competitive condition could be adversely affected.
Fluctuations in the price, availability and quality of raw materials could cause delays that could result in our inability to timely provide goods to our customers and have increased, and could continue to increase, our costs, either of which could decrease our earnings.
In manufacturing furniture, we use various types of wood, fabrics, leathers, upholstered filling material, including polyurethane foam, steel, and other raw materials. Additionally, our manufacturing processes and plant operations use various electrical equipment and components. Because we are dependent on outside suppliers for these items, fluctuations in their price, availability, and quality have had, and could continue to have, a negative effect on our cost of sales and our ability to meet our customers' demands. We have a higher concentration in upholstery sales, including motion furniture, than many of our competitors, and the effects of steel, polyurethane foam, wood, electrical components for power units, leather and fabric price increases or quantity shortages could have a significant negative impact to our business. Competitive and marketing pressures may prevent us from passing along price increases to our customers, and the inability to meet our customers' demands could cause us to lose sales.
Further, most of our polyurethane foam comes from two suppliers. These suppliers have several facilities across the United States, but adverse weather, natural disasters, or public health crises (such as pandemics or epidemics) could result in delays in shipments of polyurethane foam to our plants. Similarly, adverse weather, natural disasters, public health crises (such as pandemics or epidemics), labor disputes, possible acts of terrorism, port and canal blockages and congestion, and availability of shipping containers could result in delays in shipments or the absence of required raw materials from any of our suppliers.
A change in the financial condition of our domestic and foreign fabric suppliers could impede their ability to provide products to us in a timely manner. Upholstered furniture is fashion oriented, and if we are unable to acquire sufficient fabric variety, or to predict or respond to changes in fashion trends, we might lose sales and have to sell excess inventory at reduced prices. Doing so would have a negative effect on our sales and earnings.
Changes in the availability and cost of foreign sourcing and economic and political uncertainty in countries outside of the United States in which we operate or from which we purchase product, could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
We have operations in countries outside the United States, some of which are located in emerging markets. Long-term economic and political uncertainty in some of the countries in which we operate, such as the United Kingdom, Mexico, and Thailand, could result in the disruption of markets and negatively affect our business. Our casegoods business imports products manufactured by foreign sources, mainly in Vietnam, and our Wholesale segment purchases cut-and-sewn fabric and leather sets, electronic component parts, and some finished goods from Chinese and other foreign vendors. Our cut-and-sewn leather sets are primarily purchased from suppliers that operate in China and the majority of our fabric products are also purchased from suppliers that operate in China. One of these primary suppliers provides both cut-and-sewn leather sets and fabric products. As a result of factors outside of our control, at times our sourcing partners have not been able to, and in the future may not be able to, produce or deliver goods in a timely fashion or the quality of their product may lead us to reject it, causing disruptions in our domestic operations and delays in shipments to our customers.
Financial Risk Factors
Our current retail markets and other markets that we may enter in the future may not achieve the growth and profitability we anticipate. We could incur charges for the impairment of long-lived assets, goodwill, or other intangible assets if we fail to meet our earnings expectations for these markets.
From time to time we may acquire retail locations or other retail businesses, such as our acquisition of Joybird in fiscal 2019. We may also remodel and relocate existing stores, experiment with new store formats, and close underperforming stores. Our assets include goodwill and other intangible assets acquired in connection with these acquisitions. Profitability of acquired, remodeled, relocated, and new format stores will depend on lease rates (for stores we lease) and retail sales and profitability justifying the costs of acquisition, remodeling, and relocation. If we do not meet our sales or earnings expectations for these
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stores or businesses, we have in the past incurred and may in the future incur charges for the impairment of long-lived assets, the impairment of right-of-use lease assets, the impairment of goodwill, or the impairment of other intangible assets.
We also operate a wholesale sales office that is responsible for distributing La-Z-Boy products in the United Kingdom and Ireland, as well as a manufacturing business in the United Kingdom which was acquired in the third quarter of fiscal 2022. Our assets include goodwill and other intangible assets, including acquired customer relationships, in connection with our acquisition of the wholesale business. If we do not meet our sales or earnings expectations for these operations, we may incur charges for the impairment of goodwill or the impairment of our intangible assets.
We may require funding from external sources, which may not be available at the levels we require or may cost more than we expect, and as a result, our expenses and results of operations could be negatively affected.
We regularly review and evaluate our liquidity and capital needs. We believe that our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, cash from operations, and amounts available under our credit facility will be sufficient to finance our operations and expected capital requirements for at least the next 12 months.
In the event that we draw on our credit facility, outstanding amounts may become immediately due and payable upon certain events of default, including a failure to comply with the financial covenants in the credit agreement—a consolidated net lease adjusted leverage ratio requirement and a consolidated fixed-charge coverage ratio requirement—or with certain other affirmative and negative covenants in the credit agreement. If we are unable to access additional credit at the levels we require, or the cost of credit is greater than expected, it could adversely affect our results of operations or financial condition.
Due to the nature of our business and our payment terms, we may not be able to collect amounts owed to us by customers, which may adversely affect our sales, earnings, financial condition, and liquidity.
We grant payment terms to most wholesale customers ranging from 15 to 60 days. Some of our customers have experienced, and may in the future experience, cash flow and credit-related issues. If a major event with negative economic effects were to occur, and such effects have occurred in the past, we may not be able to collect amounts owed to us or such payment may only occur after significant delay. While we perform credit evaluations of our customers, those evaluations may not prevent uncollectible trade accounts receivable. Credit evaluations involve significant management diligence and judgment, especially in the current environment. Should more customers than we anticipate experience liquidity issues, if payment is not received on a timely basis, or if a customer declares bankruptcy or closes stores, we may have difficulty collecting amounts owed to us by these customers, which could adversely affect our sales, earnings, financial condition and liquidity.
Legal and Regulatory Risk Factors
Our business and our reputation could be adversely affected by the failure to comply with evolving regulations relating to our obligation to protect sensitive employee, customer, consumer, vendor or Company data.
We receive, process, store, use and share data, some of which contains personal information. There are numerous federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations regarding privacy, data protection, and data security, including those related to the collection, storage, handling, use, disclosure, transfer, and security of personal data. These laws and regulations are regularly changing, subject to uncertain and differing interpretations and may be inconsistent among countries or conflict with other rules. For example, the European General Data Protection Regulation (“GDPR”) applies to us and creates a range of requirements and compliance obligations regarding the treatment of personal data, including the public disclosure of significant data breaches, and imposes significant penalties for non-compliance. The California Consumer Privacy Act (“CCPA”), among other things, imposes additional requirements with respect to disclosure and deletion of personal information of California residents. The CCPA provides civil penalties for violations, as well as a private right of action for data breaches. The GDPR, the CCPA, the California Privacy Rights Act, and other privacy and data protection laws may increase our costs of compliance and risks of non-compliance, which could result in substantial penalties, negative publicity and harm to our brand. It is possible that these laws may be interpreted or applied in a manner that is adverse to us, unforeseen, or otherwise inconsistent with our practices or that we may not adequately adapt our internal policies and/or procedures to evolving regulations, any of which could result in litigation, regulatory investigations and potential legal liability, require us to change our practices in a manner adverse to our business or limit access to our products and services in certain countries. As a result, our reputation and brand, which are critical to our business operations, may be harmed, we could incur substantial costs, including costs related to litigation, or we could lose both customers and revenue.
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Changes in the domestic or international regulatory environment or trade policies could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
We are subject to numerous laws and regulations, including those relating to labor and employment, customs, sanctions, truth-in-advertising, consumer protection, e-commerce, privacy, health and safety, real estate, environmental and zoning and occupancy, intellectual property and other laws and regulations that regulate retailers, manufacturers or otherwise govern our business. Changes in laws and regulations in the United States or internationally may require us to modify our current business practices or otherwise increase our costs of compliance, which could adversely affect our results of operations.
Because we manufacture components and finished goods in Mexico, purchase components and finished goods manufactured in foreign countries, including China and Vietnam, participate in consolidated joint ventures in Thailand, and operate a wholesale and retail business in Canada, we are subject to risks relating to changes in the domestic or international regulatory environment or trade policies, including new or increased duties, tariffs, retaliatory tariffs, trade limitations and termination or renegotiation of bilateral and multilateral trade agreements impacting our business. The United States has enacted certain tariffs on many items sourced from China, including certain furniture, accessories, furniture parts, and raw materials which are imported into the United States and that we use in our domestic operations. We may not be able to fully or substantially mitigate the impact of these tariffs, pass price increases on to our customers, or secure adequate alternative sources of products or materials. The tariffs, along with any additional tariffs or retaliatory trade restrictions implemented by other countries, could negatively impact customer sales, including potential delays in product received from our vendors, our cost of goods sold and results of operations. Conversely, if certain tariffs are eliminated or reduced, we may face additional competition from foreign manufacturers entering the United States market and from domestic retailers who rely on imported goods, putting pressure on our prices and margins, which could adversely affect our results of operations. Finally, our business in the United Kingdom has been, and could further be, affected by the United Kingdom's exit from the European Union, and our sales and margins there and in other foreign countries could be adversely affected by the imposition in foreign countries of import bans, quotas, and increases in tariffs.
Changes in regulation of our international operations, including anti-corruption laws and regulations, could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our operations outside of the United States and sale of product in various countries subject us to U.S. and foreign laws and regulations, including but not limited to the UK Bribery Act 2010, the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act, the U.S. Export Administration Act, and other anti-bribery and anti-corruption statutes. These laws and regulations include prohibitions on improper payments to government officials, restrictions on where we can do business, what products we can supply to certain countries, and what information we can provide to certain governments. Violations of these laws, which are complex, frequently changing, and are often subject to varying interpretation and enforcement, may result in civil or criminal penalties or sanctions that could have a significant adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Although we have implemented policies and procedures designed to ensure compliance with these laws and regulations, there can be no assurance that our employees, contractors, or agents will not violate our policies and procedures or otherwise comply with these laws and regulations.
We may be subject to product liability and other claims or undertake to recall one or more products, which could adversely affect our business, results of operations and reputation.
Millions of our products, sold over many years, are currently used by consumers. We have voluntarily recalled products in the past, and while none of those recalls has resulted in a material expense or other significant adverse effect, a significant product recall or other product-related litigation could result in future additional expense, penalties, and injury to our brands and reputation, and adversely affect our business and results of operations. In addition, we are involved in lawsuits, claims and proceedings incident to the ordinary course of our business. Litigation is inherently unpredictable. Any claims against us, whether meritorious or not, could result in costly litigation that could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Although we maintain liability insurance in amounts that we believe are reasonable, in most cases, we are responsible for large, self-insured retentions and defense costs. We cannot provide assurance that we will be able to maintain such insurance on acceptable terms, if at all in the future, or that product liability or other claims will not exceed the amount of insurance coverage, or that all such matters would be covered by our insurance. As a result, product liability and other claims could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition.
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General Risk Factors
Our operations are subject to risks of unsettled political conditions, natural or man-made disasters, adverse weather, climate change, acts of war, terrorism, organized crime, pandemics and other public health concerns, any one of which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Our operations are subject to risks of unsettled political conditions, natural or man-made disasters, adverse weather, climate change, acts of war, terrorism, organized crime, pandemics and other public health concerns. If any of these events cause disruptions or damage in our manufacturing plants, distribution facilities, company-owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores or corporate headquarters, or the facilities of our vendors, that could make servicing our customers more difficult or result in the potential loss of sales and customers. In addition, we may incur costs in repairing any damage beyond our applicable insurance coverage.
The COVID-19 pandemic negatively impacted the world economy, significantly impacted global supply chains, and increased volatility within financial markets, all of which negatively affected the home furnishings manufacturing and retail industry and our business. The impact of any resurgence of COVID-19 or any other pandemic on our operational and financial performance will depend on future developments, including the availability and adoption of effective vaccines, governmental orders and mitigation measures, recovery of the business environment, global supply chain conditions, economic conditions, inflationary pressures, consumer confidence, and consumer demand for our products.
We make certain assumptions, judgments and estimates that impact the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements, which, if not accurate, may impact our financial results.
Certain assumptions, judgments and estimates impact amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements, including but not limited to, inventories, goodwill, intangible assets, product warranty liabilities, insurance and legal-related liabilities, contingent consideration and income taxes. To derive our assumptions, judgments and estimates, we use historical experience and various other factors that we believe are reasonable as of the date we prepare our consolidated financial statements. Our goodwill and contingent consideration liability, resulting from certain acquisitions, are based on the expected future performance of the operations acquired. At least annually, we reassess the goodwill for impairment and quarterly, we reassess the fair value of any contingent consideration. Changes in business conditions or other events could materially change the projection of future cash flows or the discount rate we used in the fair value calculation of the goodwill and contingent consideration. Actual results could differ materially from our estimates, and such differences may impact our financial results.
We may not be able to recruit and retain key employees and skilled workers in a competitive labor market or we could experience continued increases in labor costs, which could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
If we cannot successfully recruit and retain key employees and skilled workers or we experience the unexpected loss of those employees, our operations may be negatively impacted. A shortage of qualified personnel along with continued labor cost inflation may require us to further enhance our compensation in order to compete effectively in the hiring and retention of qualified employees.
Changes in tax policies could adversely affect our business and results of operations.
Changes in United States or international income tax laws and regulations may have an adverse effect on our business in the future. We are subject to income taxes in the United States and numerous foreign jurisdictions. Our effective income tax rate in the future could be adversely affected by a number of factors, including changes in the mix of earnings in countries with differing statutory tax rates, changes in tax laws, the outcome of income tax audits in various jurisdictions, and any repatriation of non-U.S. earnings for which the Company has not previously provided for U.S. taxes. We regularly assess these matters to determine the adequacy of our tax provision, which is subject to significant judgement.
Our strategy, goals and disclosures related to Environmental, Social, and Governance ("ESG") matters expose us to numerous risks, including risks to our reputation and stock price.
There has been increased focus from our stakeholders, including consumers, employees, and investors, on our ESG practices. We plan to establish and announce goals and other objectives related to ESG matters. These goal statements will reflect our current plans and are not guarantees that we will be able to achieve them. Our efforts to accomplish and accurately report on these goals and objectives present numerous operational, reputational, financial, legal, and other risks, any of which could have a material negative impact, including on our reputation, stock price, and results of operation. We could also incur additional
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costs and require additional resources to implement various ESG practices to make progress against our public goals and to monitor and track our performance with respect to such goals.
The standards for tracking and reporting on ESG matters are relatively new, have not been formalized and continue to evolve. Collecting, measuring, and reporting ESG information and metrics can be difficult and time consuming. Our selected disclosure framework or standards may need to be changed from time to time, which may result in a lack of consistent or meaningful comparative data from period to period. In addition, our interpretation of reporting frameworks or standards may differ from those of others and such frameworks or standards may change over time, any of which could result in significant revisions to our goals or reported progress in achieving such goals.
Our ability to achieve any ESG-related goal or objective is subject to numerous risks, many of which are outside of our control, including: the availability and cost of low-or non-carbon-based energy sources and technologies, evolving regulatory requirements affecting ESG standards or disclosures, the availability of vendors and suppliers that can meet our sustainability, diversity and other standards, and the availability of raw materials that meet and further our sustainability goals. If our ESG practices do not meet evolving consumer, employee, investor or other stakeholder expectations and standards or our publicly-stated goals, then our reputation, our ability to attract or retain employees and our competitiveness, including as an investment and business partner, could be negatively impacted. Furthermore, if our competitors’ ESG performance is perceived to be better than ours, potential or current customers and investors may elect to do business with our competitors instead, and our ability to attract or retain employees could be negatively impacted. Our failure, or perceived failure, to pursue or fulfill our goals, targets, and objectives or to satisfy various reporting standards within the timelines we announce, or at all, could also expose us to government enforcement actions and private litigation.
ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS.
None.
ITEM 2. PROPERTIES.
Properties owned or leased at April 29, 2023 by segment:

(Amounts in millions) |  | Square Feet
Wholesale |  | 8.9 |
Retail |  | 3.6 |
Corporate & Other |  | 0.4 |
Active manufacturing, warehousing and distribution centers, office, showroom and retail facilities |  | 12.9 |
Idle facilities |  | 0.6 |
Total property |  | 13.5 |

Our active facilities and retail locations are located across the United States and in Mexico, Thailand, Canada, China, Hong Kong, and the United Kingdom. We own our world headquarters building in Monroe, Michigan and all of our domestic manufacturing plants with the exception of our Newton, Mississippi facility, which is leased. A joint venture in which we participate owns our Thailand plant. We lease the majority of our retail stores and showrooms, warehouses and distribution centers, certain office space and our manufacturing facilities in Mexico and the United Kingdom. For information on operating lease terms for our properties, refer to Note 6, Leases, to our consolidated financial statements, which is included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report.
ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS.
We are involved in various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our business. Based on a review of all currently known facts and our experience with previous legal matters, we have recorded expense in respect of probable and reasonably estimable losses arising from legal matters and we currently do not believe it is probable that we will have any additional loss that would be material to our consolidated financial statements.
ITEM 4. MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES.
Not applicable.
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INFORMATION ABOUT OUR EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
Listed below are the names, ages and current positions of our executive officers and, if they have not held those positions for at least five years, their former positions during that period. All executive officers serve at the pleasure of the board of directors.
Melinda D. Whittington, age 56
•President and Chief Executive Officer since April 2021
•Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from June 2018 to April 2021
Robert G. Lucian, age 60
•Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since April 2021
•Vice President, Finance from January 2019 to April 2021
•Chief Financial Officer – North America Professional Beauty of Coty Inc., a global beauty company, from October 2016 to June 2018
Robert Sundy, age 47
•President, La-Z-Boy Brand and Chief Commercial Officer since April 2023
•Senior Vice President and Chief Commercial Officer from January 2021 to April 2023
•Head of Brand Marketing, Licensing and Creative Studios – North American Region of Whirlpool Corporation, a manufacturer and marketer of home appliances, from April 2016 to January 2021
Rebecca M. Reeder, age 54
•President, Retail La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries since April 2023
•Senior Vice President, Retail of Chico's FAS, a women's clothing and accessories retailer, from April 2018 to April 2023
Terrence J. (TJ) Linz, age 41
•President, Portfolio Brands since April 2023
•President, La-Z-Boy Retail Division from April 2019 to April 2023
•Director of Retail Operations and Strategy from August 2017 to April 2019
Carol Y. Lee, age 51
•Vice President and Chief Information Officer since June 2022
•VP/CIO, Information Technology of Consolidated Hospitality Supplies, LLC, an operating supplies and equipment provider for hospitality distribution, from August 2021 to June 2022
•Senior Director, Global Digital Technology Solutions of American Hotel Register Company, a supplier brand of hospitality products and services, from July 2019 to August 2021
•Director of Application Development of American Hotel Register Company, a supplier brand of hospitality products and services, from April 2016 to July 2019
Michael A. Leggett, age 50
•Senior Vice President and Chief Supply Chain Officer since May 2022
•Vice President and Chief Supply Chain Officer from December 2021 to April 2022
•Vice President Global Supply Chain Operations of Dentsply Sirona Inc., a dental products and technologies manufacturer, from February 2019 to December 2021
•Vice President Global Supply Chain and Sourcing of Masonite International Corporation, an interior and exterior doors manufacturer and distributor, from April 2017 to February 2019
Raphael Z. Richmond, age 53
•Vice President, General Counsel and Chief Compliance Officer since April 2021
•Senior Director of Corporate Compliance and Employment Law from April 2019 to April 2021
•Global Director of Compliance of Ford Motor Company, an automotive manufacturer, from May 2013 to January 2019
Katherine E. Vanderjagt, age 41
•Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer since December 2018
•Director Corporate Human Resources and Talent from July 2017 to November 2018
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PART II
ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES.
Dividend Information
Although we expect to continue to pay quarterly dividends, the payment of future cash dividends is within the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on our earnings, capital requirements and operating and financial condition, as well as excess availability under the credit agreement, among other factors.
Shareholders
Our common stock trades on the New York Stock Exchange under the trading symbol "LZB". We had approximately 1,633 registered holders of record of La-Z-Boy's common stock as of June 13, 2023. A substantially greater number of holders of La-Z-Boy common stock are "street name" or beneficial holders, whose shares of record are held by banks, brokers, and other financial institutions.
Performance Graph
The graph below shows the cumulative total return for our last five fiscal years that would have been realized (assuming reinvestment of dividends) by an investor who invested $100 on April 28, 2018, in our shares of common stock, in the S&P 500 Composite Index, and in the Dow Jones U.S. Furnishings Index.

Company/Index/Market |  | 4/28/2018 |  | 4/27/2019 |  | 4/25/2020 |  | 4/24/2021 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/29/2023
La-Z-Boy Incorporated |  | $ | 100.00 |  |  | $ | 112.57 |  |  | $ | 74.40 |  |  | $ | 154.07 |  |  | $ | 95.43 |  |  | $ | 107.09 |
S&P 500 Composite Index |  | $ | 100.00 |  |  | $ | 112.33 |  |  | $ | 110.58 |  |  | $ | 165.68 |  |  | $ | 166.10 |  |  | $ | 170.53 |
Dow Jones U.S. Furnishings Index |  | $ | 100.00 |  |  | $ | 83.98 |  |  | $ | 55.24 |  |  | $ | 138.39 |  |  | $ | 96.51 |  |  | $ | 95.43 |

Purchases of Equity Securities by the Issuer and Affiliated Purchasers
Our board of directors has authorized the repurchase of Company stock. During fiscal 2023, we spent $5.0 million to purchase 0.2 million shares and there were no share repurchases under the authorized plan during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023. As of April 29, 2023, 7.3 million shares remained available for repurchase pursuant to the board authorization. With the operating cash flows we anticipate generating in fiscal 2024, we expect to continue repurchasing Company stock.
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The following table summarizes our repurchases of Company stock during the quarter ended April 29, 2023 and includes shares purchased from employees to satisfy their withholding tax obligations upon vesting of restricted shares:

(Amounts in thousands, except per share data) |  | Total number of shares repurchased (1) |  | Average price paid per share |  | Total number of shares repurchased as part of publicly announced plan (2) |  | Maximum number of shares that may yet be repurchased under the plan
Fiscal February (January 29 - March 4, 2023) |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,262 |
Fiscal March (March 5 - April 1, 2023) |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,262 |
Fiscal April (April 2 - April 29, 2023) |  | 1 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,262 |
Fiscal Fourth Quarter of 2023 |  | 1 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | 7,262 |

(1)There were no shares repurchased during the quarter as part of our publicly announced, board-authorized plan described above. During the quarter ended April 29, 2023, 1,192 shares were repurchased from employees to satisfy their withholding tax obligations upon vesting of restricted shares with an average share price of $27.81.
(2)On October 28, 1987, our board of directors announced the authorization of the plan to repurchase Company stock. The plan originally authorized 1.0 million shares, and since October 1987, 33.5 million shares have been added to the plan for repurchase. The authorization has no expiration date.
Recent Sales of Unregistered Securities
There were no sales of unregistered securities during fiscal year 2023.
ITEM 6. RESERVED.
ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS.
We have prepared this Management's Discussion and Analysis as an aid to understanding our financial results. It should be read in conjunction with the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements and related Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. It also includes management’s analysis of past financial results and certain potential factors that may affect future results, potential future risks and approaches that may be used to manage those risks. Refer to "Cautionary Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements” at the beginning of this report for a discussion of factors that may cause results to differ materially. Note that our 2023 and 2021 fiscal years included 52 weeks, whereas fiscal year 2022 included 53 weeks.
Introduction
Our Business
We are the leading global producer of reclining chairs and the second largest manufacturer/distributor of residential furniture in the United States. The La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores retail network is the third largest retailer of single-branded furniture in the United States. We manufacture, market, import, export, distribute and retail upholstery furniture products under the La-Z-Boy®, England, Kincaid®, and Joybird® tradenames. In addition, we import, distribute and retail accessories and casegoods (wood) furniture products under the Kincaid®, American Drew®, Hammary®, and Joybird® tradenames.
As of April 29, 2023, our supply chain operations included the following:
•Five major manufacturing locations and 12 distribution centers in the United States and four facilities in Mexico to support our speed-to-market and customization strategy
•A logistics company that distributes a portion of our products in the United States
•A wholesale sales office that is responsible for distribution of our product in the United Kingdom and Ireland
•An upholstery manufacturing business in the United Kingdom
•A global trading company in Hong Kong which helps us manage our Asian supply chain by establishing and maintaining relationships with our Asian suppliers, as well as identifying efficiencies and savings opportunities
During the third quarter of fiscal 2023, we made the decision to close our manufacturing facility in Torreón, Mexico as part of our initiative to drive improved efficiencies through optimized staffing levels within our plants. Torreón was the last facility to begin operating as part of our broader Mexico manufacturing expansion in fiscal 2021 and 2022 to meet pandemic-related upholstery demand and accounted for approximately 3% of our La-Z-Boy branded production. As a result of this action, charges were recorded within the Wholesale segment in the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2023 totaling $9.2 million in
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selling, general, and administrative expense for the impairment of various assets, primarily long-lived assets, and $1.6 million in cost of sales, primarily related to severance.
We also participate in two consolidated joint ventures in Thailand that support our international businesses: one that operates a manufacturing facility and another that operates a wholesale sales office. Additionally, we have contracts with several suppliers in Asia to produce products that support our pure import model for casegoods.
We sell our products through multiple channels: to furniture retailers or distributors in the United States, Canada, and approximately 50 other countries, including the United Kingdom, China, Australia, South Korea and New Zealand; directly to consumers through retail stores that we own and operate; and through our websites, www.la-z-boy.com and www.joybird.com.
•The centerpiece of our retail distribution strategy is our network of 349 La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores and 522 La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio® locations, each dedicated to marketing our La-Z-Boy branded products. We consider this dedicated space to be "proprietary."
◦La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores help consumers furnish their homes by combining the style, comfort, and quality of La-Z-Boy furniture with our available design services. We own 171 of the La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores, while the remainder are independently owned and operated.
◦La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio® locations are defined spaces within larger independent retailers that are dedicated to displaying and selling La-Z-Boy branded products. All 522 La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio® locations are independently owned and operated.
◦In total, we have approximately 7.6 million square feet of proprietary floor space dedicated to selling La-Z-Boy branded products in North America.
◦We also have approximately 2.6 million square feet of floor space outside of the United States and Canada dedicated to selling La-Z-Boy branded products.
•Our other brands, England, American Drew, Hammary, and Kincaid enjoy distribution through many of the same outlets, with slightly over half of Hammary’s sales originating through the La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® store network.
◦Kincaid and England have their own dedicated proprietary in-store programs with 614 outlets and approximately 1.9 million square feet of proprietary floor space.
◦In total, our proprietary floor space includes approximately 12.1 million square feet worldwide.
•Joybird sells product primarily online and has a limited amount of proprietary retail showroom floor space including ten small-format stores in key urban markets.
Our goal is to deliver value to our shareholders over the long term by executing our Century Vision strategic plan, in which we aim to grow sales and market share and strengthen our operating margins. The foundation of our strategic plan is to drive disproportionate growth of our two consumer brands, La-Z-Boy and Joybird, by delivering the transformational power of comfort with a consumer-first approach. We plan to drive growth in the following ways:
Expanding the La-Z-Boy brand reach
•Leveraging our connection to comfort and reinvigorating our brand with a consumer focus and expanded omni-channel presence. Our strategic initiatives to leverage and reinvigorate our iconic La-Z-Boy brand center on a renewed focus on leveraging the compelling La-Z-Boy comfort message, accelerating our omni-channel offering, and identifying additional consumer-base growth opportunities. We are launching a new marketing platform in fiscal 2024, with compelling messaging to increase recognition and consideration of the brand. We expect this new messaging will enhance the appeal of our brand with a broader consumer base. Further, our goal is to connect with consumers along their purchase journey through multiple means, whether online or in person. We are driving change throughout our digital platforms to improve the user experience, with a specific focus on the ease with which customers browse through our broad product assortment, customize products to their liking, find stores to make a purchase, or purchase at www.la-z-boy.com.
•Expanding the reach of our wholesale distribution channels. Consumers experience the La-Z-Boy brand in many channels including the La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® store network and the La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio® locations, our store-within-a-store format. While consumers increasingly interact with the brand digitally, our consumers also demonstrate an affinity for visiting our stores to shop, allowing us to frequently deliver the flagship La-Z-Boy
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Furniture Galleries® store, or La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio®, experience and provide design services. In addition to our branded distribution channels, approximately 2,200 other dealers sell La-Z-Boy products, providing us the benefit of multi-channel distribution. These outlets include some of the best-known names in the industry, including Slumberland, Nebraska Furniture Mart, Mathis Brothers and Raymour & Flanagan. We believe there is significant growth potential for our consumer brands through these retail channels.
•Growing our La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® store network. We expect our strategic initiatives in this area to generate growth in our Retail segment through an increased company-owned store count and in our Wholesale segment as our proprietary distribution network expands. We are not only focused on growing the number of locations, but also on upgrading existing store locations to our new concept designs. We are prioritizing growth of our company-owned Retail business by opportunistically acquiring existing La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores and opening new La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores, primarily in markets that can be serviced through our distribution centers, where we see opportunity for growth, or where we believe we have opportunities for further market penetration. Additionally, we are testing potential store formats to expand our reach to value-seeking consumers and during fiscal 2023, we opened two Outlet by La-Z-Boy stores.
Profitably growing the Joybird brand
•Profitably growing the Joybird brand with a digital-first consumer experience. During fiscal 2019, we purchased Joybird, a leading e-commerce retailer and manufacturer of upholstered furniture with a direct-to-consumer model. We believe that Joybird is a brand with significant potential and our strategic initiatives in this area focus on fueling profitable growth through an increase in digital marketing spend to drive awareness and customer acquisition, ongoing investments in technology, an expansion of product assortment, and providing additional small-format stores in key urban markets to enhance our consumers' omni-channel experience.
Enhancing our enterprise capabilities
•Enhancing our enterprise capabilities to support the growth of our consumer brands and enable potential acquisitions for growth. Key to successful growth is ensuring we have the capabilities to support that growth, including an agile supply chain, modern technology for consumers and employees, and by delivering a human-centered employee experience. Through our Century Vision plan, we have several initiatives focused on enhancing these capabilities with a consumer-first focus.
Our reportable operating segments include the Wholesale segment and the Retail segment.
•Wholesale Segment. Our Wholesale segment consists primarily of three operating segments: La-Z-Boy, our largest operating segment, our England subsidiary, and our casegoods operating segment that sells furniture under three brands: American Drew®, Hammary® and Kincaid®. The Wholesale segment also includes our international wholesale and manufacturing businesses. We aggregate these operating segments into one reportable segment because they are economically similar and meet the other aggregation criteria for determining reportable segments. Our Wholesale segment manufactures and imports upholstered furniture, such as recliners and motion furniture, sofas, loveseats, chairs, sectionals, modulars, ottomans and sleeper sofas and imports casegoods (wood) furniture such as bedroom sets, dining room sets, entertainment centers and occasional pieces. The Wholesale segment sells directly to La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores, operators of La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio® locations, England Custom Comfort Center locations, major dealers, and a wide cross-section of other independent retailers.
•Retail Segment. Our Retail segment consists of one operating segment comprised of our 171 company-owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores. The Retail segment sells primarily upholstered furniture, in addition to some casegoods and other accessories, to end consumers through these stores.
•Corporate & Other. Corporate & Other includes the shared costs for corporate functions, including human resources, information technology, finance and legal, in addition to revenue generated through royalty agreements with companies licensed to use the La-Z-Boy® brand name on various products. We consider our corporate functions to be other business activities and have aggregated them with our other insignificant operating segments, including our global trading company in Hong Kong and Joybird, an e-commerce retailer that manufactures upholstered furniture such as sofas, loveseats, chairs, ottomans, sleeper sofas and beds, and also imports casegoods (wood) furniture such as occasional tables and other accessories. Joybird sells to the end consumer primarily online through its website, www.joybird.com. None of the operating segments included in Corporate & Other meet the requirements of reportable segments.
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Results of Operations
The following discussion provides an analysis of our results of operations and reasons for material changes therein for fiscal year 2023 as compared with fiscal year 2022. Refer to "Results of Operations" in Part II, Item 7, Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the Company’s 2022 Annual Report on Form 10-K, filed with the SEC on June 21, 2022, for an analysis of the fiscal year 2022 results as compared to fiscal year 2021.
Impact of COVID-19
Beginning in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, we experienced significant changes in our business resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic. After temporarily closing due to state and local restrictions, when our retail and manufacturing locations reopened early in fiscal 2021, we experienced a significant surge in demand as consumers allocated more discretionary spending to home furnishings. During this time, we took several actions to increase our manufacturing capacity but due to the strong pace of incoming written orders outpacing production, combined with pricing and surcharge actions taken in response to inflationary cost pressures resulting from global supply chain challenges, our backlog increased to record levels. While sales demand trends remain strong compared to pre-pandemic levels, they have slowed relative to those experienced during the peak of the pandemic as consumer spending patterns shift and during fiscal 2023 we have worked through the majority of our backlog built in prior periods.
Fiscal Year 2023 and Fiscal Year 2022
La-Z-Boy Incorporated

|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (FY23 vs FY22) |  |  |  |
(Amounts in thousands, except percentages) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | % Change |  |  |  |
Sales |  | $ | 2,349,433 |  |  | $ | 2,356,811 |  |  | (0.3) | % |  |  |  |
Operating income |  | 211,439 |  |  | 206,756 |  |  | 2.3 | % |  |  |  |
Operating margin |  | 9.0% |  | 8.8% |  |  |  |  |  |

Sales
Consolidated sales in fiscal 2023 decreased $7.4 million, or 0.3%, compared with the prior year. We estimate the additional week in fiscal 2022 resulted in $48.9 million of additional sales in fiscal 2022 based on the average weekly sales for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022. Absent the additional week, sales in fiscal 2023 increased 2% compared with the prior year, reflecting the realization of pricing surcharge actions taken to counteract rising raw material and freight costs from prior periods, along with a favorable impact from product and channel mix as sales in our Retail business grew. These benefits were essentially offset by a decline in delivered unit volume relative to the prior year in which we had built up a significant backlog as a result of the heightened demand driven by the impact of COVID-19.
Operating Margin
Operating margin, which is calculated as operating income as a percentage of sales, increased 20 basis points in fiscal 2023 compared with the prior year.
•Gross margin increased 400 basis points during fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022.
◦Changes in our consolidated mix improved gross margin by 250 basis points in fiscal 2023 driven by the growth of our Retail segment, which has a higher gross margin than our Wholesale segment.
◦Pricing and surcharge actions taken in prior years to counteract inflationary cost pressures were fully realized in fiscal 2023 contributing to gross margin expansion.
◦Raw materials and freight costs decreased sequentially throughout fiscal 2023 but negatively impacted gross margin in fiscal 2023, compared with the prior year, due to global supply chain challenges experienced predominately in the first half of fiscal 2023.
•Selling, general, and administrative ("SG&A") expense as a percentage of sales increased 380 basis points during fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022.
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◦Changes in our consolidated mix increased SG&A expense as a percentage of sales by 160 basis points in fiscal 2023 driven by growth of our Retail segment, which has a higher SG&A expense as a percentage of sales than our Wholesale segment.
◦During fiscal 2022, we recognized a $10.7 million gain on sale-leaseback transactions for the buildings and related fixed assets of three retail stores, the absence of which resulted in a 50 basis point increase in SG&A as a percentage of sales during fiscal 2023.
◦Charges related to the closure of our Torreón, Mexico manufacturing facility in fiscal 2023 resulted in a 40 basis point increase in SG&A as a percentage of sales.
◦The remaining increase in SG&A as a percentage of sales in fiscal 2023 was primarily due to increased investments in marketing, to pre-pandemic levels as a percentage of sales, to drive written sales.
We explain these items further when we discuss each segment's results later in this Management's Discussion and Analysis.
Retail Segment

|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (FY23 vs FY22) |  |  |  |
(Amounts in thousands, except percentages) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | % Change |  |  |  |
Sales |  | $ | 982,043 |  |  | $ | 804,394 |  |  | 22.1 | % |  |  |  |
Operating income |  | 161,571 |  |  | 109,546 |  |  | 47.5 | % |  |  |  |
Operating margin |  | 16.5% |  | 13.6% |  |  |  |  |  |

Sales
The Retail segment's sales increased $177.6 million, or 22%, in fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022. We estimate the additional week in fiscal 2022 resulted in $16.6 million of additional sales in fiscal 2022 based on the average weekly sales for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022. Absent the additional week, sales in fiscal 2023 increased 25% compared with the prior year.
The increase in the Retail segment's sales was led by a 17% increase in delivered same-stores sales, along with a $56.6 million increase in sales related to our fiscal 2023 retail store acquisitions and the full-year impact of our fiscal 2022 retail store acquisitions (refer to Note 2, Acquisitions for further information).
Written same-store sales decreased 6% in fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022 reflecting softer demand across the industry driven by economic uncertainty and weaker consumer sentiment relative to the prior period which saw significant increases in consumer furniture demand. Despite these challenging industry trends, strong in-store execution led to positive written same-store sales in the back half of fiscal 2023 compared with the same period last year.
Same-store sales include the sales of all currently active stores which have been open and company-owned for each comparable period.
Operating Margin
The Retail segment's operating margin increased 290 basis points in fiscal 2023 compared with the prior year.
•Gross margin increased 80 basis points during fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022, primarily due to pricing actions taken by the Retail business to offset increases in product costs.
•SG&A expense as a percentage of sales decreased 210 basis points during fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022.
◦Higher delivered sales relative to selling expenses and fixed costs, mainly occupancy expenses, was the primary driver of lower SG&A expense as a percentage of sales in fiscal 2023 compared with the prior year.
◦Partially offsetting this benefit, during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022 we recognized a $10.7 million gain on sale-leaseback transactions for the buildings and related fixed assets of three retail stores. The absence of this gain in fiscal 2023 resulted in a 130 basis point comparative increase in SG&A expense as a percentage of sales compared with fiscal 2022.
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Wholesale Segment

|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (FY23 vs FY22) |  |  |  |
(Amounts in thousands, except percentages) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | % Change |  |  |  |
Sales |  | $ | 1,215,429 |  |  | $ | 1,371,602 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Intersegment sales |  | 474,819 |  |  | 397,236 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total sales |  | 1,690,248 |  |  | 1,768,838 |  |  | (4.4) | % |  |  |  |
Operating income |  | 115,215 |  |  | 134,013 |  |  | (14.0) | % |  |  |  |
Operating margin |  | 6.8% |  | 7.6% |  |  |  |  |  |

Sales
The Wholesale segment's sales decreased 4%, or $78.6 million, in fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022. We estimate the additional week in fiscal 2022 resulted in $36.6 million of additional sales in fiscal 2022 based on the average weekly sales for the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022. Absent the additional week, sales in fiscal 2023 decreased 2% compared with the prior year. During fiscal 2023, sales benefited from the realization of pricing and surcharge actions taken in response to rising manufacturing costs from prior periods combined with favorable channel and product mix reflecting the shift to our La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries network, as intercompany sales from our Wholesale segment to our Retail segment increased 20%. These benefits, however, only partially offset lower delivered volume in fiscal 2023 relative to fiscal 2022, due in part to the significant backlog built in prior periods to meet heightened demand.
Operating Margin
The Wholesale segment's operating margin decreased 80 basis points in fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022.
•Gross margin increased 270 basis points during fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022.
◦Gross margin increased 430 basis points in fiscal 2023 from the combination of pricing and surcharge actions taken in prior periods along with favorable channel and product mix
◦While raw materials and freight costs have decreased sequentially throughout fiscal 2023, gross margin in fiscal 2023 decreased 160 basis points compared with fiscal 2022 due to higher raw materials and freight costs resulting from global supply challenges, predominately experienced in the first half of fiscal 2023.
•SG&A expense as a percentage of sales increased 350 basis points during fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022.
◦Reduced fixed cost leverage and an increase in marketing expense to pre-pandemic levels, as a percentage of sales, contributed to higher SG&A expense as a percentage of sales in fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022.
◦Additionally, charges related to the closure of our Torreón, Mexico manufacturing facility in the third quarter of fiscal 2023 resulted in a 50 basis point increase in SG&A expense as a percentage of sales.
Corporate and Other

|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (FY23 vs FY22) |  |  |  |
(Amounts in thousands, except percentages) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | % Change |  |  |  |
Sales |  | $ | 166,190 |  |  | $ | 195,959 |  |  | (15.2) | % |  |  |  |
Intercompany eliminations |  | (489,048) |  |  | (412,380) |  |  | 18.6 | % |  |  |  |
Operating loss |  | (65,347) |  |  | (36,803) |  |  | 77.6 | % |  |  |  |

Sales
Corporate and Other sales decreased $29.8 million in fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022, primarily due to a $30.0 million, or 17% decrease from Joybird, which contributed $146.4 million in sales in fiscal 2023. We estimate the additional week in fiscal 2022 resulted in $3.8 million of additional sales in fiscal 2022 based on the average weekly sales in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2022. Joybird's overall delivered volume declined in fiscal 2023 due to slowing online traffic and demand challenges consistent with those recently experienced across the e-commerce home furnishings industry. Written sales for Joybird were down 16% in fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022, reflecting the industry-wide demand challenges noted above.
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Intercompany eliminations increased in fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022 due to higher sales from our Wholesale segment to our Retail segment, driven by increased sales in the Retail segment.
Operating Loss
Our Corporate and Other operating loss was $28.5 million higher in fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022.
•Higher operating loss was primarily due to Joybird's operating loss resulting from lower sales volume, higher input costs (mainly freight), reduced fixed cost leverage, and increased investments in marketing, as a percentage of sales, to drive customer acquisition and awareness.
•Additionally, we recognized pre-tax gains of $0.8 million and $3.3 million in fiscal 2023 and fiscal 2022, respectively, to reduce the fair value of the Joybird contingent consideration liability based on our most recent projections at the time for the fiscal 2023 performance period. These actions resulted in a comparative $2.5 million increase in operating loss in fiscal 2023.
Non-Operating Income (Expense)
Interest Expense and Interest Income
Interest expense was $0.4 million lower and interest income was $5.3 million higher in fiscal 2023 compared with fiscal 2022. The increase in interest income was primarily driven by higher interest rates.
Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income (expense), net was $11.8 million of expense in fiscal 2023 compared with $1.7 million of expense in fiscal 2022. The expense in fiscal 2023 was primarily due to a $10.3 million impairment of our investments in a privately held start-up company combined with exchange rate losses. The expense in fiscal 2022 was primarily due to unrealized losses on investments.
Income Taxes
Our effective income tax rate was 26.2% for fiscal 2023 and 25.9% for fiscal 2022. Refer to Note 18, Income Taxes, for additional information.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our sources of liquidity include cash and cash equivalents, short-term and long-term investments, cash from operations, and amounts available under our credit facility. We believe these sources remain adequate to meet our short-term and long-term liquidity requirements, finance our long-term growth plans, and fulfill other cash requirements for day-to-day operations and capital expenditures, including fiscal 2024 contractual obligations.
We had cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash of $346.7 million at April 29, 2023, compared with $248.9 million at April 30, 2022. Included in our cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at April 29, 2023, is $63.1 million held by foreign subsidiaries, the majority of which we have determined to be permanently reinvested. In addition, we had investments to enhance our returns on cash of $11.6 million at April 29, 2023, compared with $27.2 million at April 30, 2022.
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The following table illustrates the main components of our cash flows:

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  |
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  |
Cash Flows Provided By (Used For) |  |  |  |  |  |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | $ | 205,167 |  |  | $ | 79,004 |  |  |
Net cash used for investing activities |  | (70,120) |  |  | (78,371) |  |  |
Net cash used for financing activities |  | (37,139) |  |  | (144,561) |  |  |
Exchange rate changes |  | (86) |  |  | (1,919) |  |  |
Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |  | $ | 97,822 |  |  | $ | (145,847) |  |  |

Operating Activities
During fiscal 2023, net cash provided by operating activities was $205.2 million, an increase of $126.2 million compared with the prior year mainly due to favorable changes in working capital. Our cash provided by operating activities in fiscal 2023 was primarily attributable to net income, adjusted for non-cash items, a $53.7 million decrease in receivables and a $32.3 million decrease in inventory as we work down our backlog to pre-pandemic levels and align production with incoming order trends. This was partially offset by a $84.7 million decrease in customer deposits, reflecting the reduced backlog.
Investing Activities
During fiscal 2023, net cash used for investing activities was $70.1 million, a decrease of $8.3 million compared with the prior year due to lower capital expenditures and acquisition payments and higher proceeds from investment sales, net of purchases, partially offset by less proceeds received from the sale of assets. Cash used for investing activities in fiscal 2023 included the following:
•Cash used for capital expenditures in the period was $68.8 million, which is primarily related to La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® (new stores and remodels) and Joybird store projects and upgrades at our manufacturing and distribution facilities. We expect capital expenditures to be in the range of $55 to $60 million for fiscal 2024, primarily related to improvements and expansion of our Retail and Joybird stores, replacement of machinery and equipment for various manufacturing and distribution facilities, and technology upgrades. We have no material contractual commitments outstanding for future capital expenditures.
•Cash used for acquisitions was $16.8 million, related to the acquisition of the Baton Rouge, Louisiana, Barboursville, West Virginia, Spokane, Washington and Denver, Colorado retail businesses. Refer to Note 2, Acquisitions, for additional information.
•Proceeds from the sale of investments, net of investment purchases was $15.4 million.
Financing Activities
On October 15, 2021, we entered into a new five-year $200 million unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”). Borrowings under the Credit Facility may be used by the Company for general corporate purposes. We may increase the size of the facility, either in the form of additional revolving commitments or new term loans, subject to the discretion of each lender to participate in such increase, up to an additional amount of $100 million. The Credit Facility will mature on October 15, 2026 and provides us the ability to extend the maturity date for two additional one-year periods, subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions. As of April 29, 2023, we have no borrowings outstanding under the Credit Facility.
The Credit Facility contains certain restrictive loan covenants, including, among others, financial covenants requiring a maximum consolidated net lease adjusted leverage ratio and a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio, as well as customary covenants limiting our ability to incur indebtedness, grant liens, make acquisitions, merge or consolidate, and dispose of certain assets. As of April 29, 2023, we were in compliance with our financial covenants under the Credit Facility. We believe our cash and cash equivalents, short-term investments, and cash from operations, in addition to our available Credit Facility, will provide adequate liquidity for our business operations over the next 12 months.
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During fiscal 2023, net cash used for financing activities was $37.1 million, a decrease of $107.4 million compared with prior year, primarily due to fewer share repurchases and holdback payments on prior-period acquisitions. Cash used for financing activities in fiscal 2023 included the following:
•Our board of directors has authorized the repurchase of Company stock and we spent $5.0 million during fiscal 2023 to repurchase 0.2 million shares. As of April 29, 2023, 7.3 million shares remained available for repurchase pursuant to this authorization. With the operating cash flows we anticipate generating in fiscal 2024, we expect to continue repurchasing Company stock.
•Cash paid to our shareholders in quarterly dividends was $29.9 million. Our board of directors has sole authority to determine if and when we will declare future dividends and on what terms. We expect the board to continue declaring regular quarterly cash dividends for the foreseeable future, but it may discontinue doing so at any time.
•Cash paid for holdback payments made on prior-period acquisitions was $5.0 million for a guaranteed payment related to the acquisition of Joybird.
Exchange Rate Changes
Due to changes in exchange rates, our cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash decreased by $0.1 million from the end of fiscal year 2022 to the end of fiscal year 2023. These changes slightly impacted our cash balances held in Canada, Thailand, and the United Kingdom.
Contractual Obligations
Lease Obligations. We lease real estate for retail stores, distribution centers, warehouses, plants, showrooms and office space and also have equipment leases for tractors/trailers, IT and office equipment, and vehicles. As of April 29, 2023, we had operating and finance lease payment obligations of $505.0 million and $0.4 million, respectively, with $91.7 million and $0.1 million, payable within 12 months, respectively. Refer to Note 6, Leases, for additional information.
Purchase Obligations. We had purchase obligations of $156.3 million, all payable within 12 months, related to open purchase orders, primarily with foreign and domestic casegoods, leather, and fabric suppliers, which are generally cancellable if production has not begun.
Acquisition Payment Obligations. Consideration for prior acquisitions may include future guaranteed payments and payments contingent on future performance. As of April 29, 2023, we had future guaranteed payments related to our Joybird acquisition of $5.0 million, all payable within 12 months.
Other
Our consolidated balance sheet as April 29, 2023 reflected a $1.1 million net liability for uncertain income tax positions. We do not expect that the net liability for uncertain income tax positions will significantly change within the next 12 months. The remaining balance will be settled or released as tax audits are effectively settled, statutes of limitation expire, or other new information becomes available.
We do not expect our continuing compliance with existing federal, state and local statutes dealing with protection of the environment to have a material effect on our capital expenditures, earnings, competitive position or liquidity.
Critical Accounting Estimates
We prepare our consolidated financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("US GAAP"). In some cases, these principles require management to make difficult and subjective judgments regarding uncertainties and, as a result, such estimates and assumptions may significantly impact our financial results and disclosures. We base our estimates on currently known facts and circumstances, prior experience and other assumptions we believe to be reasonable. We use our best judgment in valuing these estimates and may, as warranted, use external advice. Actual results could differ from these estimates, assumptions, and judgments and these differences could be significant. We make frequent comparisons throughout the year of actual experience to our assumptions to reduce the likelihood of significant adjustments. We record adjustments when differences are known. We consider the following accounting estimates to be critical as they require us to make assumptions that are uncertain at the time the estimate was made and changes to the estimate would have a material impact on our financial statements.
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Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets and Goodwill
Indefinite-lived intangible assets include our American Drew trade name and the reacquired right to own and operate La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores we have acquired. Prior to our retail acquisitions, we licensed the exclusive right to own and operate La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores (and to use the associated trademarks and trade name) in those markets to the dealers whose assets we acquired, and we reacquired these rights when we purchased the dealers' other assets. The reacquired right to own and operate La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores are indefinite-lived because our retailer agreements are perpetual agreements that have no specific expiration date and no renewal options. A retailer agreement remains in effect as long as the independent retailer is not in default under the terms of the agreement.
Our goodwill relates to the acquisitions of La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores, the La-Z-Boy wholesale business in the United Kingdom and Ireland, the La-Z-Boy manufacturing business in the United Kingdom, and Joybird®, an e-commerce retailer and manufacturer of upholstered furniture. The reporting unit for goodwill arising from retail store acquisitions is our Retail operating segment. Goodwill arising from the acquisition of our wholesale business in the United Kingdom and Ireland along with goodwill arising from the acquisition of our manufacturing business in the United Kingdom are combined into the United Kingdom reporting. The reporting unit for goodwill arising from the acquisition of Joybird is the Joybird operating segment.
We test indefinite-lived intangibles and goodwill for impairment on an annual basis in the fourth quarter of our fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired. We have the option to first assess qualitative factors in order to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of our intangible assets or reporting units are greater than their carrying value. If the qualitative assessment leads to a determination that the intangible asset/reporting unit’s fair value may be less than its carrying value, or if we elect to bypass the qualitative assessment altogether, we are required to perform a quantitative impairment test by calculating the fair value of the intangible asset/reporting unit and comparing the fair value with its associated carrying value. When we perform the quantitative test for indefinite-lived intangible assets, we establish the fair value of our indefinite-lived trade names and reacquired rights based upon the relief from royalty method, which requires the use of significant estimates and assumptions including forecasted sales growth and royalty rates. When we perform the quantitative test for goodwill, we establish the fair value for the reporting unit based on the income approach, in which we utilize a discounted cash flow model, the market approach, in which we utilize market multiples of comparable companies, or a combination of both approaches. The income approach requires the use of significant estimates and assumptions including forecasted sales growth, operating income projections, and discount rates and changes in these assumptions may materially impact our fair value assessment. Refer to Note 7, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets, for further information regarding our fiscal 2023 impairment testing.
Product Warranties
We account for product warranties by accruing an estimated liability when we recognize revenue on the sale of warrantied product. We estimate future warranty claims on product sales based on claim experience and periodically make adjustments to reflect changes in actual experience. We incorporate repair costs in our liability estimates, including materials, labor, and overhead amounts necessary to perform repairs, and any costs associated with delivering repaired product to our customers and consumers. We use considerable judgment in making our estimates and record differences between our estimated and actual costs when the differences are known.
Stock-Based Compensation
We measure stock-based compensation cost for equity-based awards on the grant date based on the awards' fair value and recognize expense over the vesting period. We measure stock-based compensation cost for liability-based awards on the grant date based on the awards' fair value and recognize expense over the vesting period. We remeasure the liability for these awards and adjust their fair value at the end of each reporting period until paid. We recognize compensation cost for stock-based awards that vest based on performance conditions ratably over the vesting periods when the vesting of such awards becomes probable. Determining the probability of award vesting requires judgment, including assumptions about future operating performance. While the assumptions we use to calculate and account for stock-based compensation awards represent management's best estimates, these estimates involve inherent uncertainties and the application of our management's best judgment. As a result, if we revise our assumptions and estimates, our stock-based compensation expense could be materially different in the future.
We estimate the fair value of each option grant using a Black-Scholes option-pricing model. We estimate expected volatility based on the historic volatility of our common shares. We estimate the average expected life using the contractual term of the stock option and expected employee exercise and post-vesting employment termination trends. We base the risk-free rate on
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U.S. Treasury issues with a term equal to the expected life assumed at the date of grant. We have elected to recognize forfeitures as an adjustment to compensation expense in the same period as the forfeitures occur.
We estimate the fair value of each performance award grant that vests based on a market condition using a Monte Carlo valuation model. The Monte Carlo model incorporates more complex variables than closed-form models such as the Black-Scholes option valuation model used for option grants. The Monte Carlo valuation model simulates a distribution of stock prices to yield an expected distribution of stock prices over the remaining performance period. The stock-paths are simulated using volatilities calculated with historical information using data from a look-back period that is equal to the vesting period. The model assumes a zero-coupon, risk-free interest rate with a term equal to the vesting period. The simulations are repeated many times and the mean of the discounted values is calculated as the grant date fair value for the award. The final payout of the award as calculated by the model is then discounted back to the grant date using the risk-free interest rate.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Refer to Note 1, Accounting Policies, to our consolidated financial statements for a discussion of recently adopted accounting standards and other new accounting standards.
ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK.
While we had no variable rate borrowings at April 29, 2023, we could be exposed to market risk from changes in risk-free interest rates if we incur variable rate debt in the future. Based on our current and expected levels of exposed liabilities, management estimates that a one percentage point change in interest rates would not have had a material impact on our results of operations for fiscal 2023.
We are exposed to market risk from changes in the value of foreign currencies primarily related to our manufacturing facilities in Mexico, our wholesale and retail businesses in Canada, our wholesale and manufacturing businesses in the United Kingdom, and our majority-owned joint ventures in Thailand. In Mexico, we pay wages and other local expenses in Mexican Pesos. In our Canadian wholesale business, we pay wages and other local expenses in Canadian Dollars. We recognize sales and pay wages and other local expenses related to our wholesale and manufacturing businesses in the United Kingdom in Great British Pounds, and our Canadian retail business in Canadian Dollars. In Thailand, we pay wages and other local expenses in the Thai Baht. Nonetheless, gains and losses resulting from market changes in the value of foreign currencies have not had and are not currently expected to have a material effect on our consolidated results of operations. A decrease in the value of foreign currencies in relation to the U.S. Dollar could impact the profitability of some of our vendors and translate into higher prices from our suppliers, but we believe that, in that event, our competitors would experience a similar impact.
We are exposed to market risk with respect to commodity and transportation costs, principally related to commodities we use in producing our products, including steel, wood and polyurethane foam, in addition to transportation costs for delivering our products. As commodity prices and transportation costs rise, we determine whether a price increase to our customers to offset these costs is warranted. To the extent that an increase in these costs would have a material impact on our results of operations, we believe that our competitors would experience a similar impact.
We are exposed to market risk with respect to duties and tariffs assessed on raw materials, component parts, and finished goods we import into countries where we operate. Additionally, we are exposed to duties and tariffs on our finished goods that we export from our assembly plants to other countries. As these tariffs and duties increase, we determine whether a price increase to our customers to offset these costs is warranted. To the extent that an increase in these costs would have a material impact on our results of operations, we believe that our competitors would experience a similar impact. Conversely, if certain tariffs are eliminated or reduced, we may face additional competition from foreign manufacturers entering the United States market and from domestic retailers who rely on imported goods, which could put pressure on our prices and may adversely impact our result of operations.
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ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA.
Management's Report to Our Shareholders
Management's Responsibility for Financial Information
Management is responsible for the consistency, integrity and preparation of the information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K. The consolidated financial statements and other information contained in this Annual Report on Form 10-K have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America and include necessary judgments and estimates by management.
To fulfill our responsibility, we maintain comprehensive systems of internal control designed to provide reasonable assurance that assets are safeguarded and transactions are executed in accordance with established procedures. The concept of reasonable assurance is based upon recognition that the cost of the controls should not exceed the benefit derived. We believe our systems of internal control provide this reasonable assurance.
The board of directors exercised its oversight role with respect to our systems of internal control primarily through its audit committee, which is comprised of independent directors. The committee oversees our systems of internal control, accounting practices, financial reporting and audits to assess whether their quality, integrity, and objectivity are sufficient to protect shareholders' investments.
In addition, our consolidated financial statements have been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, whose report also appears in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Management's Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as that term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) of the Exchange Act. Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting based upon the framework in "Internal Control—Integrated Framework (2013)" set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission. Based on that evaluation, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of April 29, 2023. PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, audited the effectiveness of the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of April 29, 2023, as stated in its report which appears herein.
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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of La-Z-Boy Incorporated
Opinions on the Financial Statements and Internal Control over Financial Reporting
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheet of La-Z-Boy Incorporated and its subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of April 29, 2023 and April 30, 2022, and the related consolidated statements of income, of comprehensive income, of changes in equity and of cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 29, 2023, including the related notes and schedule of valuation and qualifying accounts for each of the three years in the period ended April 29, 2023 appearing under Item 16 (collectively referred to as the “consolidated financial statements”). We also have audited the Company's internal control over financial reporting as of April 29, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO).
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of the Company as of April 29, 2023 and April 30, 2022, and the results of its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended April 29, 2023 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. Also in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of April 29, 2023, based on criteria established in Internal Control - Integrated Framework (2013) issued by the COSO.
Basis for Opinions
The Company's management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements, for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting, and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on the Company’s consolidated financial statements and on the Company's internal control over financial reporting based on our audits. We are a public accounting firm registered with the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States) (PCAOB) and are required to be independent with respect to the Company in accordance with the U.S. federal securities laws and the applicable rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission and the PCAOB.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the PCAOB. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement, whether due to error or fraud, and whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects.
Our audits of the consolidated financial statements included performing procedures to assess the risks of material misstatement of the consolidated financial statements, whether due to error or fraud, and performing procedures that respond to those risks. Such procedures included examining, on a test basis, evidence regarding the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements. Our audits also included evaluating the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall presentation of the consolidated financial statements. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audits also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinions.
Definition and Limitations of Internal Control over Financial Reporting
A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
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Critical Audit Matters
The critical audit matters communicated below are matters arising from the current period audit of the consolidated financial statements that were communicated or required to be communicated to the audit committee and that (i) relate to accounts or disclosures that are material to the consolidated financial statements and (ii) involved our especially challenging, subjective, or complex judgments. The communication of critical audit matters does not alter in any way our opinion on the consolidated financial statements, taken as a whole, and we are not, by communicating the critical audit matters below, providing separate opinions on the critical audit matters or on the accounts or disclosures to which they relate.
Accrued Product Warranties for the Wholesale Reportable Segment
As described in Note 12 to the consolidated financial statements, as of April 29, 2023, the Company’s consolidated accrued product warranties liability balance was $31.0 million, of which the Wholesale reportable segment comprises a significant portion. Management accrues an estimated liability for product warranties when revenue is recognized on the sale of warrantied products. Management estimates future warranty claims on product sales based on historical claims experience and periodically adjusts the provision to reflect changes in actual experience. The liability estimate incorporates repair costs, including materials, labor and overhead amounts necessary to perform repairs, and any costs associated with delivering the repaired product to customers.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the accrued product warranties for the Wholesale reportable segment is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management when developing the accrual and (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures relating to the estimation methodology and the applicability of historical cost of materials and labor used in the methodology.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to the accrued product warranties for the Wholesale reportable segment. These procedures also included, among others (i) testing management’s process for developing the accrual; (ii) evaluating the appropriateness of the estimation methodology applied in developing the accrual; (iii) evaluating the applicability of the historical cost of materials and labor used in the methodology; and (iv) testing the completeness and accuracy of the historical cost of materials and labor.
Goodwill Impairment Assessment – Joybird Reporting Unit
As described in Notes 1 and 7 to the consolidated financial statements, as of April 29, 2023, the Company’s consolidated goodwill balance was $205.0 million, and the goodwill associated with the Corporate and Other reportable segment was $55.4 million, which is inclusive of the Joybird reporting unit. Management tests goodwill for impairment on an annual basis in the fourth quarter of the fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired. In situations where the fair value is less than the carrying value, an impairment charge would be recorded for the shortfall. To estimate the fair value of the Joybird reporting unit, management applied a combination of the income approach and the market approach, weighted 75% and 25%, respectively. The income approach used discounted future cash flows and the market approach used the guideline public company method, which derives a valuation from market multiples based on revenue for comparable public companies and was adjusted for a control premium. Management’s cash flow projections for the Joybird reporting unit included assumptions relating to sales and operating income projections and terminal growth rate as well as other assumptions relating to discount rate and tax rate which are used in the discounted cash flow model.
The principal considerations for our determination that performing procedures relating to the goodwill impairment assessment of the Joybird reporting unit is a critical audit matter are (i) the significant judgment by management when developing the fair value estimate of the Joybird reporting unit; (ii) a high degree of auditor judgment, subjectivity, and effort in performing procedures and evaluating management’s significant assumptions related to sales and operating income projections used in the discounted cash flow model; and (iii) the audit effort involved the use of professionals with specialized skill and knowledge.
Addressing the matter involved performing procedures and evaluating audit evidence in connection with forming our overall opinion on the consolidated financial statements. These procedures included testing the effectiveness of controls relating to management’s goodwill impairment assessment, including controls over the valuation of the Joybird reporting unit, which included controls over significant assumptions related to the sales and operating income projections. These procedures also included, among others (i) testing management’s process for developing the fair value estimate of the Joybird reporting unit; (ii) evaluating the appropriateness of the discounted cash flow model; (iii) testing the completeness and accuracy of underlying data used in the discounted cash flow model; and (iv) evaluating the reasonableness of the significant assumptions used by management related to the sales and operating income projections used in the discounted cash flow model. Evaluating management’s assumptions related to the sales and operating income projections involved evaluating whether the assumptions used by management were reasonable considering (i) the current and past performance of the Joybird reporting unit; (ii) the
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consistency with external market and industry data; and (iii) whether these assumptions were consistent with evidence obtained in other areas of the audit. Professionals with specialized skill and knowledge were used to assist in evaluating the reasonableness of the Company’s discounted cash flow model.
/s/ PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
Detroit, Michigan
June 20, 2023
We have served as the Company’s auditor since 1968.
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LA-Z-BOY INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands, except per share data) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Sales |  | $ | 2,349,433 |  |  | $ | 2,356,811 |  |  | $ | 1,734,244 |
Cost of sales |  | 1,340,734 |  |  | 1,440,842 |  |  | 993,984 |
Gross profit |  | 1,008,699 |  |  | 915,969 |  |  | 740,260 |
Selling, general and administrative expense |  | 797,260 |  |  | 709,213 |  |  | 603,524 |
Operating income |  | 211,439 |  |  | 206,756 |  |  | 136,736 |
Interest expense |  | (536) |  |  | (895) |  |  | (1,390) |
Interest income |  | 6,670 |  |  | 1,338 |  |  | 1,101 |
Other income (expense), net |  | (11,784) |  |  | (1,708) |  |  | 9,466 |
Income before income taxes |  | 205,789 |  |  | 205,491 |  |  | 145,913 |
Income tax expense |  | 53,848 |  |  | 53,163 |  |  | 38,384 |
Net income |  | 151,941 |  |  | 152,328 |  |  | 107,529 |
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | (1,277) |  |  | (2,311) |  |  | (1,068) |
Net income attributable to La-Z-Boy Incorporated |  | $ | 150,664 |  |  | $ | 150,017 |  |  | $ | 106,461 |
Basic weighted average common shares |  | 43,148 |  |  | 44,023 |  |  | 45,983 |
Basic net income attributable to La-Z-Boy Incorporated per share |  | $ | 3.49 |  |  | $ | 3.41 |  |  | $ | 2.31 |
Diluted weighted average common shares |  | 43,240 |  |  | 44,294 |  |  | 46,367 |
Diluted net income attributable to La-Z-Boy Incorporated per share |  | $ | 3.48 |  |  | $ | 3.39 |  |  | $ | 2.30 |

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
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LA-Z-BOY INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Net income |  | $ | 151,941 |  |  | $ | 152,328 |  |  | $ | 107,529 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |
Currency translation adjustment |  | (604) |  |  | (5,804) |  |  | 5,466 |
Net unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities, net of tax |  | 153 |  |  | (668) |  |  | (79) |
Net pension amortization, net of tax |  | 807 |  |  | 1,394 |  |  | 578 |
Total other comprehensive income (loss) |  | 356 |  |  | (5,078) |  |  | 5,965 |
Total comprehensive income before noncontrolling interests |  | 152,297 |  |  | 147,250 |  |  | 113,494 |
Comprehensive income attributable to noncontrolling interests |  | (1,364) |  |  | (1,509) |  |  | (1,602) |
Comprehensive income attributable to La-Z-Boy Incorporated |  | $ | 150,933 |  |  | $ | 145,741 |  |  | $ | 111,892 |

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
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LA-Z-BOY INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEET

(Amounts in thousands, except par value) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Current assets |  |  |  |
Cash and equivalents |  | $ | 343,374 |  |  | $ | 245,589 |
Restricted cash |  | 3,304 |  |  | 3,267 |
Receivables, net of allowance of $4,776 at 4/29/2023 and $3,406 at 4/30/2022 |  | 125,536 |  |  | 183,747 |
Inventories, net |  | 276,257 |  |  | 303,191 |
Other current assets |  | 106,129 |  |  | 215,982 |
Total current assets |  | 854,600 |  |  | 951,776 |
Property, plant and equipment, net |  | 278,578 |  |  | 253,144 |
Goodwill |  | 205,008 |  |  | 194,604 |
Other intangible assets, net |  | 39,375 |  |  | 33,971 |
Deferred income taxes – long-term |  | 8,918 |  |  | 10,632 |
Right of use lease assets |  | 416,269 |  |  | 405,755 |
Other long-term assets, net |  | 63,515 |  |  | 82,207 |
Total assets |  | $ | 1,866,263 |  |  | $ | 1,932,089 |
Current liabilities |  |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | 107,460 |  |  | 104,025 |
Lease liabilities, short-term |  | 77,751 |  |  | 75,271 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |  | 290,650 |  |  | 496,393 |
Total current liabilities |  | 475,861 |  |  | 675,689 |
Lease liabilities, long-term |  | 368,163 |  |  | 354,843 |
Other long-term liabilities |  | 70,142 |  |  | 81,935 |
Shareholders' equity |  |  |  |
Preferred shares – 5,000 authorized; none issued |  | — |  |  | — |
Common shares, $1 par value – 150,000 authorized; 43,318 outstanding at 4/29/2023 and 43,089 outstanding at 4/30/2022 |  | 43,318 |  |  | 43,089 |
Capital in excess of par value |  | 358,891 |  |  | 342,252 |
Retained earnings |  | 545,155 |  |  | 431,181 |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |  | (5,528) |  |  | (5,797) |
Total La-Z-Boy Incorporated shareholders' equity |  | 941,836 |  |  | 810,725 |
Noncontrolling interests |  | 10,261 |  |  | 8,897 |
Total equity |  | 952,097 |  |  | 819,622 |
Total liabilities and equity |  | $ | 1,866,263 |  |  | $ | 1,932,089 |

The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
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LA-Z-BOY INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Cash flows from operating activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income |  | $ | 151,941 |  |  | $ | 152,328 |  |  | $ | 107,529 |
Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operating activities |  |  |  |  |  |
(Gain)/loss on disposal and impairment of assets |  | 6,365 |  |  | (13,657) |  |  | (37) |
(Gain)/loss on sale of investments |  | 148 |  |  | (478) |  |  | (954) |
Provision for doubtful accounts |  | 1,546 |  |  | (617) |  |  | (3,169) |
Depreciation and amortization |  | 40,193 |  |  | 39,771 |  |  | 33,021 |
Amortization of right-of-use lease assets |  | 76,511 |  |  | 72,942 |  |  | 65,571 |
Lease impairment |  | 1,347 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Equity-based compensation expense |  | 12,458 |  |  | 11,858 |  |  | 12,671 |
Change in deferred taxes |  | 3,895 |  |  | 1,022 |  |  | 8,790 |
Change in receivables |  | 53,675 |  |  | (41,829) |  |  | (38,288) |
Change in inventories |  | 32,311 |  |  | (72,022) |  |  | (40,727) |
Change in other assets |  | 24,377 |  |  | (16,232) |  |  | 2,926 |
Change in payables |  | 4,586 |  |  | 6,326 |  |  | 37,068 |
Change in lease liabilities |  | (77,811) |  |  | (73,805) |  |  | (65,881) |
Change in other liabilities |  | (126,375) |  |  | 13,397 |  |  | 191,397 |
Net cash provided by operating activities |  | 205,167 |  |  | 79,004 |  |  | 309,917 |
Cash flows from investing activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Proceeds from disposals of assets |  | 136 |  |  | 22,588 |  |  | 2,770 |
Capital expenditures |  | (68,812) |  |  | (76,580) |  |  | (37,960) |
Purchases of investments |  | (9,092) |  |  | (34,152) |  |  | (39,584) |
Proceeds from sales of investments |  | 24,483 |  |  | 36,096 |  |  | 36,071 |
Acquisitions |  | (16,835) |  |  | (26,323) |  |  | (2,000) |
Net cash used for investing activities |  | (70,120) |  |  | (78,371) |  |  | (40,703) |
Cash flows from financing activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Payments on debt and finance lease liabilities |  | (123) |  |  | (121) |  |  | (75,050) |
Holdback payments for acquisitions |  | (5,000) |  |  | (23,000) |  |  | (5,783) |
Stock issued for stock and employee benefit plans, net of shares withheld for taxes |  | 2,857 |  |  | (1,818) |  |  | 9,030 |
Repurchases of common stock |  | (5,004) |  |  | (90,645) |  |  | (44,202) |
Dividends paid to shareholders |  | (29,869) |  |  | (27,717) |  |  | (16,542) |
Dividends paid to minority interest joint venture partners (1) |  | — |  |  | (1,260) |  |  | (8,507) |
Net cash used for financing activities |  | (37,139) |  |  | (144,561) |  |  | (141,054) |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and equivalents |  | (86) |  |  | (1,919) |  |  | 3,015 |
Change in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |  | 97,822 |  |  | (145,847) |  |  | 131,175 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period |  | 248,856 |  |  | 394,703 |  |  | 263,528 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period |  | $ | 346,678 |  |  | $ | 248,856 |  |  | $ | 394,703 |
Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing activities |  |  |  |  |  |
Capital expenditures included in accounts payable |  | $ | 8,208 |  |  | $ | 9,234 |  |  | $ | 4,638 |

(1)Includes dividends paid to joint venture minority partners resulting from the repatriation of dividends from our foreign earnings that we no longer consider permanently reinvested.
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
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LA-Z-BOY INCORPORATED
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY

(Amounts in thousands, except per share amounts) |  | Common Shares |  | Capital in Excess of Par Value |  | Retained Earnings |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Non-Controlling Interests |  | Total
At April 25, 2020 |  | $ | 45,857 |  |  | $ | 318,215 |  |  | $ | 343,633 |  |  | $ | (6,952) |  |  | $ | 15,553 |  |  | $ | 716,306 |
Net income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 106,461 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,068 |  |  | 107,529 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,431 |  |  | 534 |  |  | 5,965 |
Stock issued for stock and employee benefit plans, net of cancellations and withholding tax |  | 583 |  |  | 10,188 |  |  | (1,741) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 9,030 |
Purchases of 1,079 shares of common stock |  | (1,079) |  |  | (10,426) |  |  | (32,697) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (44,202) |
Stock option and restricted stock expense |  | — |  |  | 12,671 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,671 |
Dividends declared and paid ($0.36/share) (1) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (16,542) |  |  | — |  |  | (8,507) |  |  | (25,049) |
Dividends declared not paid ($0.36/share) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (104) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (104) |
At April 24, 2021 |  | $ | 45,361 |  |  | $ | 330,648 |  |  | $ | 399,010 |  |  | $ | (1,521) |  |  | $ | 8,648 |  |  | $ | 782,146 |
Net income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 150,017 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,311 |  |  | 152,328 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,276) |  |  | (802) |  |  | (5,078) |
Stock issued for stock and employee benefit plans, net of cancellations and withholding tax |  | 208 |  |  | 834 |  |  | (2,860) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (1,818) |
Purchases of 2,480 shares of common stock |  | (2,480) |  |  | (1,088) |  |  | (87,077) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (90,645) |
Stock option and restricted stock expense |  | — |  |  | 11,858 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 11,858 |
Dividends declared and paid ($0.63/share) (1) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (27,717) |  |  | — |  |  | (1,260) |  |  | (28,977) |
Dividends declared not paid ($0.63/share) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (192) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (192) |
At April 30, 2022 |  | $ | 43,089 |  |  | $ | 342,252 |  |  | $ | 431,181 |  |  | $ | (5,797) |  |  | $ | 8,897 |  |  | $ | 819,622 |
Net income |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 150,664 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,277 |  |  | 151,941 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 269 |  |  | 87 |  |  | 356 |
Stock issued for stock and employee benefit plans, net of cancellations and withholding tax |  | 433 |  |  | 4,181 |  |  | (1,757) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,857 |
Purchases of 204 shares of common stock |  | (204) |  |  | — |  |  | (4,800) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (5,004) |
Stock option and restricted stock expense |  | — |  |  | 12,458 |  |  |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,458 |
Dividends declared and paid ($0.693/share) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (29,869) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (29,869) |
Dividends declared not paid ($0.693/share) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (264) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (264) |
At April 29, 2023 |  | $ | 43,318 |  |  | $ | 358,891 |  |  | $ | 545,155 |  |  | $ | (5,528) |  |  | $ | 10,261 |  |  | $ | 952,097 |

(1)Non-controlling interests include dividends paid to joint venture minority partners resulting from the repatriation of dividends from our foreign earnings that we no longer consider permanently reinvested.
The accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements are an integral part of these statements.
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Table of Contents
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Note 1: Accounting Policies
The following is a summary of significant accounting policies followed in the preparation of La-Z-Boy Incorporated and its subsidiaries' (individually and collectively, "we," "our," "us," "La-Z-Boy" or the "Company") consolidated financial statements. Our fiscal year ends on the last Saturday of April. Our 2023 and 2021 fiscal years included 52 weeks, whereas our 2022 fiscal year included 53 weeks. The additional week in fiscal 2022 was included in the fourth quarter.
Principles of Consolidation
The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the consolidated accounts of La-Z-Boy Incorporated and our majority-owned subsidiaries. The portion of less than wholly-owned subsidiaries is included as non-controlling interest. All intercompany transactions have been eliminated, including any related profit on intercompany sales.
At April 29, 2023, we owned investments in two privately-held companies consisting of non-marketable preferred shares, warrants to purchase common shares, and convertible notes. Each of these companies is a variable interest entity and we have not consolidated their results in our financial statements because we do not have the power to direct those activities that most significantly impact their economic performance and, therefore, are not the primary beneficiary.
Use of Estimates
The consolidated financial statements are prepared in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These principles require management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts or disclosures of assets, liabilities (including contingent liabilities), sales, and expenses at the date of the financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Cash and Equivalents
For purposes of the consolidated balance sheet and statement of cash flows, we consider all highly liquid debt instruments purchased with initial maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.
Restricted Cash
We have cash on deposit with a bank as collateral for certain letters of credit.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost or market. Cost is determined using the last-in, first-out ("LIFO") basis for approximately 59% and 60% of our inventories at April 29, 2023, and April 30, 2022, respectively. Cost is determined for all other inventories on a first-in, first-out ("FIFO") basis. The majority of our La-Z-Boy Wholesale segment inventory uses the LIFO method of accounting, while the FIFO method is used primarily in our Retail segment and Joybird business.
Property, Plant and Equipment
Items capitalized, including significant betterments to existing facilities, are recorded at cost. Capitalized computer software costs include internal and external costs incurred during the software's development stage. Internal costs relate primarily to employee activities for coding and testing the software under development. Computer software costs are depreciated over three to five years. All maintenance and repair costs are expensed when incurred. Depreciation is computed principally using straight-line methods over the estimated useful lives of the assets.
Disposal and Impairment of Long-Lived Assets
Retirement or dispositions of long-lived assets are recorded based on carrying value and proceeds received. Any resulting gains or losses are recorded as a component of selling, general and administrative ("SG&A") expenses.
We review the carrying value of our long-lived assets, which includes our right-of-use lease assets, for impairment if events or changes in circumstances indicate that their carrying amounts may not be recoverable. Our assessment of recoverability is based
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on our best estimates using either quoted market prices or an analysis of the undiscounted projected future cash flows by asset groups in order to determine if there is any indicator of impairment requiring us to further assess the fair value of our long-lived assets. Our asset groups consist of our operating segments in our Wholesale reportable segment, each of our retail stores, our Joybird operating segment, and other corporate assets, which are evaluated at the consolidated level.
Indefinite-Lived Intangible Assets and Goodwill
Indefinite-lived intangible assets include our American Drew trade name and the reacquired right to own and operate La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores we have acquired. Prior to our retail acquisitions, we licensed the exclusive right to own and operate La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores (and to use the associated trademarks and trade name) in those markets to the dealers whose assets we acquired, and we reacquired these rights when we purchased the dealers' other assets. The reacquired right to own and operate La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores are indefinite-lived because our retailer agreements are perpetual agreements that have no specific expiration date and no renewal options. A retailer agreement remains in effect as long as the independent retailer is not in default under the terms of the agreement.
Our goodwill relates to the acquisitions of La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores, the La-Z-Boy wholesale business in the United Kingdom and Ireland, the La-Z-Boy manufacturing business in the United Kingdom, and Joybird®, an e-commerce retailer and manufacturer of upholstered furniture. The reporting unit for goodwill arising from retail store acquisitions is our Retail operating segment. We have two geographic regions which are considered components of our Retail operating segment. These two geographic regions are aggregated into one reporting unit for goodwill because they are economically similar, they operate in a consistent manner across the regions, and each store supports and benefits from common research and development projects. Additionally, the goodwill is recoverable from each of the geographic regions working in concert because we can change the composition of the regions to strategically rebalance management and distribution capacity as needed. Goodwill arising from the acquisition of our wholesale business in the United Kingdom and Ireland along with goodwill arising from the acquisition of our manufacturing business in the United Kingdom are combined into the United Kingdom reporting. These two businesses are considered components of the International operating segment and are aggregated into one reporting unit for goodwill because they are economically similar and work in concert as they represent the manufacturing and selling entities within the United Kingdom. The reporting unit for goodwill arising from the acquisition of Joybird is the Joybird operating segment.
We test indefinite-lived intangibles and goodwill for impairment on an annual basis in the fourth quarter of our fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may be impaired. We have the option to first assess qualitative factors in order to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of our intangible assets or reporting units are greater than their carrying value. If the qualitative assessment leads to a determination that the intangible asset/reporting unit’s fair value may be less than its carrying value, or if we elect to bypass the qualitative assessment altogether, we are required to perform a quantitative impairment test by calculating the fair value of the intangible asset/reporting unit and comparing the fair value with its associated carrying value. When we perform the quantitative test for indefinite-lived intangible assets, we establish the fair value of our indefinite-lived trade names and reacquired rights based upon the relief from royalty method. When we perform the quantitative test for goodwill, we establish the fair value for the reporting unit based on the income approach, in which we utilize a discounted cash flow model, the market approach, in which we utilize market multiples of comparable companies, or a combination of both approaches. In situations where the fair value is less than the carrying value, an impairment charge would be recorded for the shortfall.
Amortizable Intangible Assets
We have amortizable intangible assets related to the acquisition of the La-Z-Boy wholesale business in the United Kingdom and Ireland, which primarily include acquired customer relationships. These intangible assets are amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, which do not exceed 15 years. We also have an amortizable intangible asset for the Joybird® trade name, which is amortized on a straight-line basis over its estimated useful life of eight years. All intangible amortization expense is recorded as a component of SG&A expense. We test amortizable intangible assets for impairment if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. If we determine an assessment for impairment is necessary, we establish the fair value of these amortizable intangible assets based on the multi-period excess earnings method, a variant of the income approach, and the relief from royalty method, as applicable.
Investments
Available-for-sale debt securities are recorded at fair value with the net unrealized gains and losses (that are deemed to be temporary) reported as a component of other comprehensive income/(loss). Equity securities are recorded at fair value with
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unrealized gains and losses recorded in other income (expense), net. We also hold investments in two privately-held companies consisting of non-marketable preferred shares, warrants to purchase common shares, and convertible notes. The fair value of these equity investments (preferred shares and warrants) is not readily determinable and therefore, we estimate the fair value as costs minus impairment, if any, plus or minus adjustments resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments with the same issuer. The convertible notes are recorded at fair value with the net unrealized gains and losses (that are deemed to be temporary) reported as a component of other comprehensive income, consistent with our other available-for-sale debt securities.
Realized gains and losses for all investments, charges for other-than-temporary impairments of debt securities, and charges for impairment on our equity investments without readily determinable values are included in determining net income, with related purchase costs based on the first-in, first-out method. We evaluate our available-for-sale debt investments for possible other-than-temporary impairments by reviewing factors such as the extent to which an investment's fair value is below our cost basis, the issuer's financial condition, and our ability and intent to hold the investment for sufficient time for its market value to recover. For impairments that are other-than-temporary, an impairment loss is recognized in earnings equal to the difference between the investment's cost and its fair value at the balance sheet date of the reporting period for which the assessment is made. The fair value of the investment then becomes the new amortized cost basis of the investment and it is not adjusted for subsequent recoveries in fair value. During fiscal 2023, we recognized a $10.3 million impairment charge for one of the investments which was recorded as a component of other income (expense), net in the consolidated statement of income. There were no impairment charges recorded in the fiscal 2022 or fiscal 2021.
Life Insurance
Life insurance policies are recorded at the amount that could be realized under the insurance contract as of the date of our consolidated balance sheet. These assets are classified as other long-term assets on our consolidated balance sheet and are used to fund our executive deferred compensation plan and performance compensation retirement plan. The change in cash surrender or contract value is recorded as income or expense, in other income (expense), net, during each period.
Customer Deposits
We collect a deposit on a portion of the total merchandise price at the time a customer order is placed in one of our company-owned retail stores, and through our website, www.la-z-boy.com. We record this as a customer deposit, which is included in our accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. The balance of the order is paid in full prior to delivery of the product. At the time the customer places an order through www.joybird.com, we collect the entire amount owed and record this as a customer deposit.
Revenue Recognition and Related Allowances
Revenues are recognized when control of the promised goods or services is transferred to our customers, in an amount that reflects the consideration we expect to be entitled to receive in exchange for those goods or services. We generate revenues primarily by manufacturing/importing and delivering upholstery and casegoods (wood) furniture products to independent furniture retailers, independently-owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores or the end consumer. Each unit of furniture is a separate performance obligation, and we satisfy our performance obligation when control of our product is passed to our customer, which is the point in time that our customers are able to direct the use of and obtain substantially all of the remaining economic benefit of the goods or services.
The majority of our wholesale shipping agreements are freight-on-board shipping point and risk of loss transfers to our customer once the product is out of our control. Accordingly, revenue is recognized for product shipments on third-party carriers at the point in time that our product is loaded onto the third-party container or truck and that container or truck leaves our facility. For our imported products, we recognize revenue at the point in time that legal ownership is transferred, which may not occur until after the goods have passed through U.S. Customs. In all cases, this revenue includes amounts we bill to customers for freight charges, because we have elected to treat shipping activities that occur after the customer has obtained control of our product as a fulfillment cost rather than an additional promised service. Because of this election, we recognize revenue for shipping when control of our product passes to our customer, and the shipping costs are accrued when the freight revenue is recognized. Revenue for product shipments on company-owned trucks is recognized for the product and freight at the point in time that our product is delivered to our customer's location.
We recognize revenue for retail sales and online sales to the end consumer through our company-owned retail stores, www.la-z-boy.com or www.joybird.com once the end consumer has taken control of the furniture, at which point legal title has passed to them. This takes place when the product is delivered to the end consumer's home. Home delivery is not a promised service to
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our customer, and is not a separate performance obligation, because home delivery is a fulfillment activity as the costs are incurred as part of transferring our product to the end consumer. At the time the customer places an order through our company-owned retail stores or www.la-z-boy.com, we collect a deposit on a portion of the total merchandise price. We record this as a customer deposit, which is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. The balance of the order is paid in full prior to delivery of the product. Once the order is taken through our company-owned retail stores or www.la-z-boy.com we recognize a contract asset and a corresponding deferred revenue liability for the difference between the total order and the deposit collected. The contract asset is included in other current assets on our consolidated balance sheet and the deferred revenue is included in accrued expenses and other current liabilities on our consolidated balance sheet. At the time the customer places an order through www.joybird.com, we collect the entire amount owed and record this as a customer deposit. Because the entire amount owed is collected at the time of the order, there is no contract asset recorded for Joybird sales.
At the time we recognize revenue, we make provisions for estimated refunds, product returns, and warranties, as well as other incentives that we may offer to customers. When estimating our incentives, we utilize either the expected value method or the most likely amount to determine the amount of variable consideration. We use either method depending on which method will provide the best estimate of the variable consideration, and we only include variable consideration when it is probable that there will not be a significant reversal in the amount of cumulative revenue recognized when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved. Incentives offered to customers include cash discounts, rebates, advertising agreements and other sales incentive programs. Our sales incentives, including cash discounts and rebates, are recorded as a reduction to revenues. Service allowances are for a distinct good or service with our customers and are recorded as a component of SG&A expense in our consolidated statement of income, and are not recorded as a reduction of revenue and are not considered variable consideration. We use substantial judgment based on the type of variable consideration or service allowance, historical experience and expected sales volume when estimating these provisions. The expected costs associated with our warranties and service allowances are recognized as expense when our products are sold. For sales tax, we elected to exclude from the measurement of the transaction price all taxes imposed on and concurrent with a specific revenue-producing transaction and collected by the entity from a customer, including sales, use, excise, value-added, and franchise taxes (collectively referred to as sales taxes). This allows us to present revenue net of these certain types of taxes.
All orders are fulfilled within one year of order date, therefore we do not have any unfulfilled performance obligations. Additionally, we elected the practical expedient to not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component because at contract inception we expect the period between when we transfer our product to our customer and when the customer pays for the product to be one year or less.
Allowance for Credit Losses
Trade accounts receivable arise from the sale of products on trade credit terms. On a quarterly basis, we review all significant accounts as to their past due balances, as well as collectability of the outstanding trade accounts receivable for possible write off. It is our policy to write off the accounts receivable against the allowance account when we deem the receivable to be uncollectible. Additionally, we review orders from dealers that are significantly past due, and we ship product only when our ability to collect payment from our customer for the new order is probable.
Our allowances for credit losses reflect our best estimate of losses inherent in the trade accounts receivable balance. We determine the allowance based on known troubled accounts, weighing probabilities of future conditions and expected outcomes, and other currently available evidence.
Cost of Sales
Our cost of sales consists primarily of the cost to manufacture or purchase our merchandise, inspection costs, internal transfer costs, in-bound freight costs, outbound shipping costs, as well as warehousing costs, occupancy costs, and depreciation expense related to our manufacturing facilities and equipment.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
SG&A expenses include the costs of selling our products and other general and administrative costs. Selling expenses are primarily composed of commissions, advertising, warranty, bad debt expense, and compensation and benefits of employees performing various sales functions. Additionally, the occupancy costs of our retail facilities and the warehousing costs of our distribution centers are included as a component of SG&A. Other general and administrative expenses included in SG&A are composed primarily of compensation and benefit costs for administrative employees and other administrative costs.
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Other Income (Expense), Net
Other income (expense), net is made up primarily of foreign currency exchange net gain/(loss), gain/(loss) on the sale of investments, and unrealized gain/(loss) on equity securities. Other income (expense), net for fiscal 2023 also includes a $10.3 million impairment of our investments in a privately-held start-up company and fiscal 2021 includes the benefit of $5.2 million of payroll tax credits resulting from the CARES Act.
Research and Development Costs
Research and development costs are charged to expense in the periods incurred. Expenditures for research and development costs were $9.1 million, $9.0 million, and $7.6 million for the fiscal years ended April 29, 2023, April 30, 2022, and April 24, 2021, respectively, and are included as a component of SG&A.
Advertising Expenses
Production costs of commercials, programming and costs of other advertising, promotion and marketing programs are charged to expense in the period in which the commercial or advertisement is first aired or released. Gross advertising expenses were $159.0 million, $126.8 million, and $94.6 million for the fiscal years ended April 29, 2023, April 30, 2022, and April 24, 2021, respectively.
A portion of our advertising program is a national advertising campaign. This campaign is a shared advertising program with our dealers' La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores, which reimburse us for over 20% of the cost of the program (excluding company-owned stores). Because of this shared cost arrangement, the advertising expense is reported as a component of SG&A, while the dealers' reimbursement portion is reported as a component of sales.
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the estimated future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.
In periods when deferred tax assets are recorded, we are required to estimate whether recoverability is more likely than not (i.e. a likelihood of more than 50%), based on, among other things, forecasts of taxable earnings in the related tax jurisdiction. We consider historical and projected future results of operations, the eligible carry-forward period, tax law changes, tax planning opportunities, and other relevant considerations when making judgments about realizing the value of our deferred tax assets.
We recognize in our consolidated financial statements the benefit of a position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return when it is more likely than not that the position would be sustained upon examination by tax authorities. A recognized tax position is then measured at the largest amount of benefit that is more likely than not to be realized upon settlement. Changes in judgment that result in subsequent recognition, derecognition or change in a measurement date of a tax position taken in a prior annual period (including any related interest and penalties) are recognized as a discrete item in the interim period in which the change occurs.
Foreign Currency Translation
Foreign currency transaction gains and losses associated with translating assets and liabilities denominated in a currency that is different than a subsidiaries' functional currency, are recorded in cost of sales and other income (expense), net in our consolidated statement of income. Assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries whose functional currency is their local currency are translated at the year-end exchange rates, and revenues and expenses are translated at average exchange rates for the period, with the corresponding translation effect included as a component of other comprehensive income.
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation
We estimate the fair value of equity-based awards, including option awards and stock-based awards that vest based on market conditions, on the date of grant using option-pricing models. The value of the portion of the equity-based awards that are
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ultimately expected to vest is recognized as expense over the requisite service periods in our consolidated statement of income using a straight-line single-option method. We measure stock-based compensation cost for liability-based awards based on the fair value of the award on the grant date, and recognize it as expense over the vesting period. The liability for these awards is remeasured and adjusted to its fair value at the end of each reporting period until paid. We record compensation cost for stock-based awards that vest based on performance conditions ratably over the vesting periods when the vesting of such awards become probable.
Commitments and Contingencies
We establish an accrued liability for legal matters when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable and reasonably estimable. As a litigation matter develops and in conjunction with any outside legal counsel handling the matter, we evaluate on an ongoing basis whether such matter presents a loss contingency that is probable and reasonably estimable. If, at the time of evaluation, the loss contingency related to a litigation matter is not both probable and reasonably estimable, the matter will continue to be monitored for further developments that would make such loss contingency both probable and reasonably estimable. Once the loss contingency related to a litigation matter is deemed to be both probable and reasonably estimable, we will establish an accrued liability with respect to such loss contingency and record a corresponding amount of litigation-related expense. We continue to monitor the matter for further developments that could affect the amount of the accrued liability that has been previously established.
Insurance/Self-Insurance
We use a combination of insurance and self-insurance for a number of risks, including workers' compensation, general liability, vehicle liability and the company-funded portion of employee-related health care benefits. Liabilities associated with these risks are estimated in part by considering historic claims experience, demographic factors, severity factors and other assumptions. Our workers' compensation reserve is an undiscounted liability. We have various excess loss coverages for employee-related health care benefits, vehicle liability, product liability, and workers' compensation liabilities. Our deductibles generally do not exceed $2.5 million.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
Accounting pronouncement adopted in fiscal 2023
We did not adopt any Accounting Standards Updates ("ASUs") in fiscal 2023.
Accounting pronouncements not yet adopted
The following table summarizes additional accounting pronouncements which we have not yet adopted, but we believe will not have a material impact on our accounting policies or our consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.

ASU |  | Description |  | Adoption Date
ASU 2023-02 |  | Investments - Equity Method and Joint Ventures (Topic 323): Accounting for Investments in Tax Credit Structures Using the Proportional Amortization Method. |  | Fiscal 2025
ASU 2021-08 |  | Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities From Contracts With Customers |  | Fiscal 2024

Note 2: Acquisitions
None of the below acquisitions were significant to our consolidated financial statements, and, therefore, pro-forma financial information is not presented. All of our provisional purchase accounting estimates for the acquisitions completed in fiscal 2023 are based on the information and data available to us as of the time of the issuance of these financial statements, and in accordance with Accounting Standard Codification Topic 805-10-25-15, are subject to change within the first 12 months following the acquisition as we gain additional data.
Each of the following Retail acquisitions completed in fiscal 2023, 2022 and 2021 reflect a core component of our strategic priorities, which is to grow our company-owned retail business and leverage our integrated retail model (where we earn a combined profit on both the wholesale and retail sales) in suitable geographic markets, alongside the existing La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® network.
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Prior to each Retail acquisition completed in fiscal 2023, 2022, and 2021, we licensed to the counterparty the exclusive right to own and the operate La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores (and to use the associated trademarks and trade name) in each of their respective markets, and we reacquired these rights when we consummated the transaction. These required rights are indefinite-lived because our retailer agreements are perpetual agreements that have no specific expiration date and no renewal options. The effective settlement date of these arrangements resulted in no settlement gain or loss as the contractual terms were at market. For federal income tax purposes, we amortize and deduct these indefinite-lived intangible assets and goodwill, if any, over 15 years.
Baton Rouge, Louisiana acquisition
On March 20, 2023, we completed our acquisition of the Baton Rouge, Louisiana business that operates one independently owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® store and one distribution center for $5.0 million, subject to customary adjustments. We paid total cash of $4.9 million during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023 and the remaining consideration includes forgiveness of accounts receivable and payments based on working capital adjustments. As part of the acquisition, we recorded an indefinite-lived intangible asset of $0.5 million related to the reacquired rights described above.
Barboursville, West Virginia acquisition
On December 12, 2022, we completed our acquisition of the Barboursville, West Virginia business that operates one independently owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® store. This acquisition did not have a meaningful impact on our consolidated financial statements.
Spokane, Washington acquisition
On September 26, 2022, we completed our acquisition of the Spokane, Washington business that operates one independently owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® store and one distribution center for $4.7 million, subject to customary adjustments. We paid total cash of $4.0 million during the second quarter of fiscal 2023 and the remaining consideration includes forgiveness of accounts receivable and payments based on working capital adjustments. As part of the acquisition, we recorded an indefinite-lived intangible asset of $1.2 million related to the reacquired rights described above. We also recognized $3.0 million of goodwill in our Retail segment related primarily to synergies we expect from the integration of the acquired store and future benefits of these synergies.
Denver, Colorado acquisition
On July 18, 2022, we completed our acquisition of the Denver, Colorado business that operates five independently owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores and one distribution center for $10.1 million, subject to customary adjustments. We paid total cash of $7.7 million in the first and second quarters of fiscal 2023 and the remaining consideration includes forgiveness of accounts receivable and payments based on working capital adjustments. As part of the acquisition, we recorded an indefinite-lived intangible asset of $4.3 million related to the reacquired rights described above. We also recognized $7.6 million of goodwill in our Retail segment related primarily to synergies we expect from the integration of the acquired stores and future benefits of these synergies.
Prior Year Acquisitions
We completed the following acquisitions in fiscal 2022.
Alabama and Chattanooga, Tennessee acquisition
On December 6, 2021, we completed our acquisition of the Alabama and Chattanooga, Tennessee businesses that operate four independently owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores in Alabama and one in Chattanooga, Tennessee, for $8.3 million, subject to customary adjustments. We paid total cash of $8.0 million in the third quarter of fiscal 2022 and the remaining consideration includes forgiveness of accounts receivable and payments based on working capital adjustments. As part of the acquisition, we recorded an indefinite-lived intangible asset of $4.1 million related to the reacquired rights described above. We also recognized $7.4 million of goodwill in our Retail segment related primarily to synergies we expect from the integration of the acquired stores and future benefits of these synergies.
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Furnico (La-Z-Boy United Kingdom Manufacturing) acquisition
On October 25, 2021, we completed the acquisition of Furnico Furniture Ltd ("Furnico"), an upholstery manufacturing business in the U.K for approximately $13.3 million, subject to customary adjustments and in the third and fourth quarters of fiscal 2022, we paid $13.9 million of cash for the purchase of the Furnico business. Furnico produces La-Z-Boy branded product for the La-Z-Boy U.K. business and also operates a wholesale business, selling white label products to key U.K. retailers. With this acquisition, we expect to realize production synergies, cost savings through materials procurement, and increases in production capacity to support growth in the La-Z-Boy U.K business.
As part of the acquisition, we recognized $9.2 million of goodwill in our Wholesale segment related primarily to synergies we expect from the integration of the acquired business and future benefits of these synergies. The goodwill asset for Furnico is not deductible for federal income tax purposes.
Long Island, New York acquisition
On August 16, 2021, we completed our acquisition of the Long Island, New York business that operates three independently owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores for $4.5 million, subject to customary adjustments. We paid $4.4 million of cash during the second quarter of fiscal 2022 and the remaining consideration includes forgiveness of accounts receivable and payments based on working capital adjustments. As part of the acquisition, we recorded an indefinite-lived intangible asset of $0.8 million related to the reacquired rights described above. We also recognized $4.4 million of goodwill in our Retail segment related primarily to synergies we expect from the integration of the acquired stores and future benefits of these synergies.
We completed the following acquisition in fiscal 2021.
Seattle, Washington acquisition
On September 14, 2020, we completed our asset acquisition of the Seattle, Washington business that operated six independently owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores and one warehouse for $13.5 million, subject to customary adjustments. We paid $2.0 million of cash during the second quarter of fiscal 2021 and the remaining consideration includes forgiveness of accounts receivable, payments based on working capital adjustments, and future guaranteed payments of $9.4 million to be paid over 36 months or fewer, with timing of payments dependent upon the achievement of sales thresholds defined in the purchase agreement. As part of the acquisition, we recorded an indefinite-lived intangible asset of $2.2 million related to the reacquired rights described above. We also recognized $12.9 million of goodwill in our Retail segment related primarily to synergies we expect from the integration of the acquired stores and future benefits of these synergies.
Note 3: Restricted Cash
We have restricted cash on deposit with a bank as collateral for certain letters of credit. All of our letters of credit have maturity dates within the next 12 months, and we expect to renew some of these letters of credit when they mature.

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 343,374 |  |  | $ | 245,589 |
Restricted cash |  | 3,304 |  |  | 3,267 |
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |  | $ | 346,678 |  |  | $ | 248,856 |

Note 4: Inventories

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Raw materials |  | $ | 116,440 |  |  | $ | 146,896 |
Work in process |  | 24,328 |  |  | 36,834 |
Finished goods |  | 181,401 |  |  | 185,870 |
FIFO inventories |  | 322,169 |  |  | 369,600 |
Excess of FIFO over LIFO |  | (45,912) |  |  | (66,409) |
Total inventories |  | $ | 276,257 |  |  | $ | 303,191 |

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Note 5: Property, Plant and Equipment

(Amounts in thousands) |  | Estimated Useful Lives |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Buildings and building fixtures |  | 3 - 30 years |  | $ | 301,546 |  |  | $ | 250,758 |
Machinery and equipment |  | 3 - 20 years |  | 193,890 |  |  | 184,223 |
Information systems, hardware and software |  | 3 - 15 years |  | 99,703 |  |  | 102,861 |
Furniture and fixtures |  | 3 - 10 years |  | 27,049 |  |  | 23,665 |
Land improvements |  | 3 - 30 years |  | 24,617 |  |  | 23,541 |
Transportation equipment |  | 3 - 6 years |  | 16,800 |  |  | 16,499 |
Land |  | N/A |  | 8,554 |  |  | 8,587 |
Construction in progress |  | N/A |  | 32,427 |  |  | 38,712 |
|  |  |  | 704,586 |  |  | 648,846 |
Accumulated depreciation |  |  |  | (426,008) |  |  | (395,702) |
Net property, plant and equipment |  |  |  | $ | 278,578 |  |  | $ | 253,144 |

Depreciation expense for the fiscal years ended April 29, 2023, April 30, 2022, and April 24, 2021, was $39.0 million, $38.3 million, and $31.7 million, respectively.
Note 6: Leases
The Company leases real estate for retail stores, distribution centers, warehouses, manufacturing plants, showrooms and office space. We also have equipment leases for tractors/trailers, IT and office equipment, and vehicles. We determine if a contract contains a lease at inception based on our right to control the use of an identified asset and our right to obtain substantially all the economic benefits from the use of that identified asset. Most of our real estate leases include options to renew or terminate early. We assess these options to determine if we are reasonably certain of exercising these options based on all relevant economic and financial factors. Any options that meet these criteria are included in the lease term at lease commencement.
Most of our leases do not have an interest rate implicit in the lease. As a result, for purposes of measuring our right of use ("ROU") lease asset and lease liability, we determine our incremental borrowing rate by applying a spread above the U.S. Treasury borrowing rates. If an interest rate is implicit in a lease, we will use that rate as the discount rate for that lease. Some of our leases contain variable rent payments based on a Consumer Price Index or percentage of sales. Due to the variable nature of these costs, they are not included in the measurement of the ROU lease asset and lease liability.
Supplemental balance sheet information pertaining to our leases is as follows:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Operating leases |  |  |  |
ROU lease assets |  | $ | 415,925 |  |  | $ | 405,287 |
Lease liabilities, short-term |  | 77,626 |  |  | 75,148 |
Lease liabilities, long-term |  | 367,938 |  |  | 354,493 |
Finance leases |  |  |  |
ROU lease assets |  | $ | 344 |  |  | $ | 468 |
Lease liabilities, short-term |  | 125 |  |  | 123 |
Lease liabilities, long-term |  | 225 |  |  | 350 |

The ROU lease assets by segment are as follows:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Wholesale |  | $ | 92,195 |  |  | $ | 90,741 |
Retail |  | 299,536 |  |  | 296,908 |
Corporate & Other |  | 24,538 |  |  | 18,106 |
Total ROU lease assets |  | $ | 416,269 |  |  | $ | 405,755 |

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The components of lease cost are as follows:

|  |  |  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  |  |  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  |  |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Operating lease cost |  |  |  | $ | 90,500 |  |  | $ | 83,520 |  |  | $ | 79,072 |
Finance lease cost |  |  |  | 130 |  |  | 130 |  |  | 53 |
Short-term lease cost |  |  |  | 2,459 |  |  | 2,097 |  |  | 545 |
Variable lease cost |  |  |  | 187 |  |  | 159 |  |  | (245) |
Less: Sublease income |  |  |  | (276) |  |  | (550) |  |  | (1,546) |
Total lease cost |  |  |  | $ | 93,000 |  |  | $ | 85,356 |  |  | $ | 77,879 |

The following tables present supplemental lease disclosures:

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks)
|  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
(Amounts in thousands) |  | Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases |  | Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases
Cash paid for amounts included in the measurement of lease liabilities |  | $ | 91,934 |  |  | $ | 130 |  |  | $ | 84,492 |  |  | $ | 130 |
Lease liabilities arising from new ROU lease assets |  | 92,787 |  |  | — |  |  | 140,376 |  |  | — |

|  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
(Amounts in thousands) |  | Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases |  | Operating Leases |  | Finance Leases
Weighted-average remaining lease term (years) |  | 7.0 |  | 2.8 |  | 7.2 |  | 3.8
Weighted-average discount rate |  | 3.5 | % |  | 1.7 | % |  | 3.0 | % |  | 1.7 | %

The following table presents our maturity of lease liabilities:

|  | 4/29/2023 |  |
(Amounts in thousands) |  | Operating Leases (1) |  | Finance Leases |  |  |  |
Within one year |  | $ | 91,654 |  |  | $ | 130 |  |  |  |  |
After one year and within two years |  | 81,605 |  |  | 130 |  |  |  |  |
After two years and within three years |  | 69,155 |  |  | 98 |  |  |  |  |
After three years and within four years |  | 58,890 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
After four years and within five years |  | 50,816 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
After five years |  | 152,855 |  |  | — |  |  |  |  |
Total lease payments |  | 504,975 |  |  | 358 |  |  |  |  |
Less: Interest |  | 59,411 |  |  | 8 |  |  |  |  |
Total lease obligations |  | $ | 445,564 |  |  | $ | 350 |  |  |  |  |

(1)Excludes approximately $28.6 million in future lease payments for various operating leases commencing in a future period
Note 7: Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets
We have goodwill on our consolidated balance sheet as follows:

Reportable Segment/Unit |  | Reporting Unit |  | Related Acquisition
Wholesale Segment |  | United Kingdom |  | Wholesale business in the United Kingdom and Ireland
Wholesale Segment |  | United Kingdom |  | La-Z-Boy United Kingdom Manufacturing (Furnico)
Retail Segment |  | Retail |  | La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores
Corporate & Other |  | Joybird |  | Joybird

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We test goodwill for impairment on an annual basis in the fourth quarter of each fiscal year, and more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that it may be impaired. Under U.S. GAAP, we have the option to first assess qualitative factors in order to determine if it is more likely than not that the fair value of one of our reporting units is greater than its carrying value ("Step 0"). If the qualitative assessment leads to a determination that the reporting unit’s fair value is less than its carrying value, or if we elect to bypass the qualitative assessment altogether, we are required to perform a quantitative impairment test ("Step 1") by calculating the fair value of the reporting unit and comparing the fair value with its associated carrying value.
Step 0 Assessment
During our fiscal 2023 annual impairment test, we first assessed goodwill recoverability qualitatively using the Step 0 approach for each of our reporting units. For our qualitative assessment, we considered the most recent quantitative analysis, which was performed during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020, including assumptions used, such as discount rates and tax rates, indicated fair values, and the amounts in which those fair values exceeded their carrying amounts. Further, we compared actual performance in fiscal 2023, along with future financial projections to the internal financial projections used in the prior quantitative analysis. Additionally, we considered various other factors including macroeconomic conditions, relevant industry and market trends, and factors specific to the Company that could indicate a potential change in the fair value of our reporting units. Lastly, we evaluated whether any events have occurred or any circumstances have changed since the fourth quarter of fiscal 2020 that would indicate that our goodwill may have become impaired since our last quantitative test.
Based on these qualitative assessments, we determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of our Retail reporting unit exceeded its carrying value and as such, our goodwill for the Retail reporting unit was not considered impaired as of April 29, 2023 and the Step 1 quantitative goodwill impairment analysis was not necessary. However, for our United Kingdom and Joybird reporting units, we determined that the quantitative Step 1 goodwill impairment test was necessary as noted below.
Step 1 Assessment
United Kingdom Reporting Unit
Our United Kingdom reporting unit includes the goodwill from our wholesale business in the United Kingdom and Ireland along with our manufacturing business in the United Kingdom, both of which were considered their own reporting unit in fiscal 2022. In fiscal 2023, we determined that in accordance with ASC 350, these businesses, or components, should be aggregated into a single reporting unit as they have similar economic characteristics. As this represented a change in our reporting unit structure, we elected to perform the quantitative Step 1 goodwill impairment test for the new United Kingdom reporting unit.
To estimate the fair value of this reporting unit, we applied the income approach using discounted future cash flows. Sales and operating income projections were based on assumptions driven by the current economic conditions. Other key assumptions used in the quantitative assessment of the reporting units' goodwill were a discount rate of 8.7%, reflecting a market participant weighted average cost of capital, and a tax rate of 25.0%, which was specific to the United Kingdom reporting unit. Based on our testing, the fair value of the United Kingdom reporting unit exceeded its carrying value as of April 29, 2023 and no impairment was recorded.
Joybird Reporting Unit
Due to a decline in Joybird's financial performance in fiscal 2023, we deemed it necessary to perform the quantitative Step 1 goodwill impairment test for the Joybird reporting unit. To estimate the fair value of this reporting unit, we applied a combination of the income approach and the market approach, weighted 75% and 25%, respectively. The income approach used discounted future cash flows in which sales and operating income projections were based on assumptions driven by current eco nomic conditions and assumed a 2.0% terminal growth rate. Other key assumptions used in the discounted future cash flow model were a discount rate of 18.0%, reflecting a market participant weighted average cost of capital assuming Joybird would be sold as a stand-alone business, and a tax rate of 24.9%, which was specific to the Joybird reporting unit.
The market approach used the guideline public company method, which derives a valuation from market multiples based on revenue for comparable public companies and was adjusted for a control premium based on recent merger and acquisition transaction data of target companies similar to the Joybird reporting unit. Based on our testing, the fair value of the Joybird reporting unit exceeded its carrying value as of April 29, 2023 by approximately 50% and no impairment was recorded.
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Further, a sensitivity analysis was performed on key assumptions used in the valuation, primarily the discount rate and terminal growth rate, and using a range of reasonable inputs, the fair value of the Joybird reporting unit exceeded its carrying value in the various scenarios analyzed. However, changes to other valuation inputs or failure to meet our forecasts, in particular our sales and operating income projections, could reduce the fair value of the Joybird reporting unit and thus increase the possibility that our goodwill may be impaired in the future.
The following table summarizes changes in the carrying amount of our goodwill by reportable segment:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | Wholesale Segment |  | Retail Segment |  | Corporate and Other |  | Total Goodwill |  |
Balance at April 24, 2021 (1) |  | $ | 13,052 |  |  | $ | 107,316 |  |  | $ | 55,446 |  |  | $ | 175,814 |  |  |
Acquisitions |  | 9,207 |  |  | 11,748 |  |  | — |  |  | 20,955 |  |  |
Translation adjustment |  | (2,052) |  |  | (113) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,165) |  |  |
Balance at April 30, 2022 (1) |  | 20,207 |  |  | 118,951 |  |  | 55,446 |  |  | 194,604 |  |  |
Acquisitions |  | — |  |  | 10,598 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,598 |  |  |
Translation adjustment |  | (5) |  |  | (189) |  |  | — |  |  | (194) |  |  |
Balance at April 29, 2023 (1) |  | $ | 20,202 |  |  | $ | 129,360 |  |  | $ | 55,446 |  |  | $ | 205,008 |  |  |

(1) Includes $26.9 million of accumulated impairment losses in Corporate and Other.
We have intangible assets on our consolidated balance sheet as follows:

Reportable Segment |  | Intangible Asset |  | Useful Life
Wholesale Segment |  | Primarily acquired customer relationships from our acquisition of the wholesale business in the United Kingdom and Ireland |  | Amortizable over useful lives that do not exceed 15 years
Wholesale Segment |  | American Drew® trade name |  | Indefinite-lived
Retail Segment |  | Reacquired rights to own and operate La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores |  | Indefinite-lived
Corporate & Other |  | Joybird® trade name |  | Amortizable over eight-year useful life

We test amortizable intangible assets and indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment on an annual basis in the fourth quarter of our fiscal year, or more frequently if events or changes in circumstances indicate that the assets might be impaired. Similar to our goodwill testing, we used the qualitative Step 0 approach to assess if it was more likely than not that the fair values of our indefinite-lived intangible assets were greater than their carrying values. Based on the same qualitative factors outlined above, we determined that it is more likely than not that the fair value of each of our indefinite-lived intangible assets exceeded their respective carrying value and as such, our indefinite-lived intangible assets were not considered impaired as of April 29, 2023, and the Step 1 quantitative impairment analysis was not necessary.
The following summarizes changes in our intangible assets:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | Indefinite-Lived Trade Names |  | Finite-Lived Trade Name |  | Indefinite-Lived Reacquired Rights |  | Other Intangible Assets |  | Total Intangible Assets
Balance at April 24, 2021 |  | $ | 1,155 |  |  | $ | 4,205 |  |  | $ | 22,507 |  |  | $ | 2,564 |  |  | $ | 30,431 |
Acquisitions |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 4,896 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,896 |
Amortization |  | — |  |  | (813) |  |  | — |  |  | (236) |  |  | (1,049) |
Translation adjustment |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (84) |  |  | (223) |  |  | (307) |
Balance at April 30, 2022 |  | $ | 1,155 |  |  | $ | 3,392 |  |  | $ | 27,319 |  |  | $ | 2,105 |  |  | $ | 33,971 |
Acquisitions |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 6,562 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,562 |
Amortization |  | — |  |  | (798) |  |  | — |  |  | (208) |  |  | (1,006) |
Translation adjustment |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (142) |  |  | (10) |  |  | (152) |
Balance at April 29, 2023 |  | $ | 1,155 |  |  | $ | 2,594 |  |  | $ | 33,739 |  |  | $ | 1,887 |  |  | $ | 39,375 |

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For our intangible assets recorded as of April 29, 2023, we estimate annual amortization expense to be $1.0 million for each of the three succeeding fiscal years, $0.4 million in the fourth succeeding fiscal year, and $0.2 million in the fifth succeeding fiscal year.
Note 8: Investments
We have current and long-term investments intended to enhance returns on our cash as well as to fund future obligations of our non-qualified defined benefit retirement plan, our executive deferred compensation plan, and our performance compensation retirement plan. We also hold investments of two privately-held companies consisting of non-marketable preferred shares, warrants to purchase common shares, and convertible notes. In the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023, we recognized an impairment of $10.3 million, consisting of $7.6 million in cost-basis investments and $2.7 million in convertible notes, which in total represents the full cost-basis value of the investment in one of these privately held start-up companies. The impairment loss is recognized in other income (expense), net, on the consolidated statement of income (refer to Note 20, Fair Value Measurement for additional information).
Our short-term investments are included in other current assets and our long-term investments are included in other long-term assets on our consolidated balance sheet.
The following summarizes our investments:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Short-term investments: |  |  |  |
Marketable securities |  | $ | 5,043 |  |  | $ | 16,022 |
Held-to-maturity investments |  | 1,351 |  |  | 1,337 |
Total short-term investments |  | 6,394 |  |  | 17,359 |
Long-term investments: |  |  |  |
Marketable securities |  | 18,509 |  |  | 26,599 |
Cost basis investments |  | — |  |  | 7,579 |
Total long-term investments |  | 18,509 |  |  | 34,178 |
Total investments |  | $ | 24,903 |  |  | $ | 51,537 |
Investments to enhance returns on cash |  | $ | 11,617 |  |  | $ | 27,239 |
Investments to fund compensation/retirement plans |  | 13,286 |  |  | 14,219 |
Other investments |  | — |  |  | 10,079 |
Total investments |  | $ | 24,903 |  |  | $ | 51,537 |

The following is a summary of the unrealized gains, unrealized losses, and fair value by investment type:

|  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
(Amounts in thousands) |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value |  | Gross Unrealized Gains |  | Gross Unrealized Losses |  | Fair Value
Equity securities |  | $ | 1,338 |  |  | $ | (103) |  |  | $ | 6,853 |  |  | $ | 1,448 |  |  | $ | (86) |  |  | $ | 13,905 |
Fixed income |  | 42 |  |  | (620) |  |  | 14,039 |  |  | 28 |  |  | (809) |  |  | 33,521 |
Other |  | 1,171 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,011 |  |  | 1,250 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,111 |
Total securities |  | $ | 2,551 |  |  | $ | (723) |  |  | $ | 24,903 |  |  | $ | 2,726 |  |  | $ | (895) |  |  | $ | 51,537 |

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The following table summarizes sales of marketable securities:

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Proceeds from sales |  | $ | 24,483 |  |  | $ | 35,116 |  |  | $ | 33,631 |
Gross realized gains |  | 94 |  |  | 879 |  |  | 1,026 |
Gross realized losses |  | (242) |  |  | (402) |  |  | (71) |

The following is a summary of the fair value of fixed income marketable securities, classified as available-for-sale securities, by contractual maturity:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023
Within one year |  | $ | 5,038 |
Within two to five years |  | 6,612 |
Within six to ten years |  | 674 |
Thereafter |  | 1,715 |
Total |  | $ | 14,039 |

Note 9: Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Payroll and other compensation |  | $ | 63,342 |  |  | $ | 62,373 |
Accrued product warranty, current portion |  | 19,893 |  |  | 16,436 |
Customer deposits |  | 105,766 |  |  | 183,233 |
Deferred revenue |  | 44,939 |  |  | 139,006 |
Other current liabilities |  | 56,710 |  |  | 95,345 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities |  | $ | 290,650 |  |  | $ | 496,393 |

Customer deposits and deferred revenue decreased during fiscal 2023 as we continue to work down the backlog built up in prior periods back to pre-pandemic levels.
Note 10: Debt
On October 15, 2021, we entered into a new five-year $200 million unsecured revolving credit facility (the “Credit Facility”). Borrowings under the Credit Facility may be used by the Company for general corporate purposes. We may increase the size of the facility, either in the form of additional revolving commitments or new term loans, subject to the discretion of each lender to participate in such increase, up to an additional amount of $100 million. The Credit Facility will mature on October 15, 2026 and provides us the ability to extend the maturity date for two additional one-year periods, subject to the satisfaction of customary conditions. As of April 29, 2023, we have no borrowings outstanding under the Credit Facility.
The Credit Facility contains certain restrictive loan covenants, including, among others, financial covenants requiring a maximum consolidated net lease adjusted leverage ratio and a minimum consolidated fixed charge coverage ratio, as well as customary covenants limiting our ability to incur indebtedness, grant liens, make acquisitions, merge or consolidate, and dispose of certain assets. As of April 29, 2023, we were in compliance with our financial covenants under the Credit Facility.
The Credit Facility replaced our previous $150.0 million revolving credit facility, which had been secured primarily by all of our accounts receivable, inventory, cash deposits, and securities accounts. The previous revolving credit facility was terminated on October 15, 2021, and is no longer in effect.
Cash paid for interest during fiscal years 2023, 2022, and 2021 was $0.3 million, $0.5 million and $0.8 million, respectively.
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Note 11: Employee Benefits
The table below summarizes the total costs associated with our employee retirement and welfare plans.

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
401(k) Retirement Plan |  | $ | 12,877 |  |  | $ | 11,763 |  |  | $ | 7,313 |
Performance Compensation Retirement Plan |  | 160 |  |  | 1,654 |  |  | 3,810 |
Deferred Compensation Plan |  | 202 |  |  | 242 |  |  | 24 |
Non-Qualified Defined Benefit Retirement Plan (1) |  | 748 |  |  | 763 |  |  | 803 |

(1)Primarily related to interest cost
401(k) Retirement Plan. Voluntary 401(k) retirement plans are offered to eligible employees within certain U.S. operating units. For most operating units, we make matching contributions based on specific formulas.
Performance Compensation Retirement Plan. A performance compensation retirement plan ("PCRP") is maintained for eligible highly compensated employees. Beginning in fiscal 2023, contributions into the plan are no longer being made. Prior year contributions were based on achievement of performance targets. Employees vest in these prior period contributions if they achieve certain age and years of service with the Company and can elect to receive benefit payments over a period ranging between five to twenty years after they leave the Company. While the Company no longer makes contributions, the outstanding liability balance related to the plan is as follows:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Short-term obligation included in other current liabilities |  | $ | 2,103 |  |  | $ | 1,922 |
Long-term obligation included in other long-term liabilities |  | 11,895 |  |  | 13,898 |

Executive Deferred Compensation Plan. We maintain an executive deferred compensation plan for eligible highly compensated employees, an element of which may include Company contributions. Further information related to the plan is as follows:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Plan obligation included in other long-term liabilities |  | $ | 21,689 |  |  | $ | 24,595 |
Cash surrender value on life insurance contracts included in other long-term assets (1) |  | 40,723 |  |  | 42,699 |

(1)Life insurance contracts are related to the Executive Deferred Compensation Plan and the PCRP.
Non-Qualified Defined Benefit Retirement Plan. We maintain a non-qualified defined benefit retirement plan for certain former salaried employees. We hold available-for-sale marketable securities to fund future obligations of this plan in a Rabbi trust (refer to Note 8, Investments, and Note 20, Fair Value Measurements, for additional information on these investments). We are not required to fund the non-qualified defined benefit retirement plan in fiscal 2024; however, we have the discretion to make contributions to the Rabbi trust. Further information related to the plan is as follows:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Short-term plan obligation included in other current liabilities |  | $ | 1,053 |  |  | $ | 1,059 |
Long-term plan obligation included in other long-term liabilities |  | 11,053 |  |  | 12,461 |
Discount rate used to determine obligation |  | 5.3 | % |  | 4.3 | %

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Actuarial loss recognized in AOCI |  | $ | 193 |  |  | $ | 306 |  |  | $ | 347 |
Benefit payments (1) |  | 1,091 |  |  | 1,182 |  |  | 1,091 |

(1)Benefit payments are scheduled to be between $1.0 million and $1.1 million annually for the next 10 years.
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Note 12: Product Warranties
We accrue an estimated liability for product warranties when we recognize revenue on the sale of warrantied products. We estimate future warranty claims on product sales based on our historical claims experience and periodically adjust the provision to reflect changes in actual experience. We incorporate repair costs into our liability estimates, including materials, labor and overhead amounts necessary to perform repairs, and any costs associated with delivering repaired product to our customers. Over 90% of our warranty liability relates to our Wholesale reportable segment as we generally warrant our products against defects for one to three years on fabric and leather, from one to ten years on cushions and padding, and provide a limited lifetime warranty on certain mechanisms and frames, unless otherwise noted in the warranty. Additionally, our Wholesale segment warranties cover labor costs relating to our parts for one year. We provide a limited lifetime warranty against defects on a majority of the Joybird products, which are a part of our Corporate and Other results. For all our manufacturer warranties, the warranty period begins when the consumer receives our product. We use considerable judgment in making our estimates, and we record differences between our actual and estimated costs when the differences are known.
A reconciliation of the changes in our product warranty liability is as follows:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Balance as of the beginning of the year |  | $ | 27,036 |  |  | $ | 23,636 |
Acquisitions |  | — |  |  | 548 |
Accruals during the year |  | 35,276 |  |  | 30,146 |
Settlements during the year |  | (31,328) |  |  | (27,294) |
Balance as of the end of the year (1) |  | $ | 30,984 |  |  | $ | 27,036 |

(1)$19.9 million and $16.4 million is recorded in accrued expenses and other current liabilities as of April 29, 2023, and April 30, 2022, respectively, while the remainder is included in other long-term liabilities.
We recorded accruals during the periods presented in the table above, primarily to reflect charges that relate to warranties issued during the respective periods.
Note 13: Commitments and Contingencies
We have been named as a defendant in various lawsuits arising in the ordinary course of business and as a potentially responsible party at certain environmental clean-up sites, the effect of which are not considered significant. Based on a review of all currently known facts and our experience with previous legal and environmental matters, we have recorded expense in respect of probable and reasonably estimable losses arising from legal matters, and we currently do not believe it is probable that we will have any additional loss for legal or environmental matters that would be material to our consolidated financial statements.
In view of the inherent difficulty of predicting the outcome of litigation, particularly where the claimants seek very large or indeterminate damages or where the matters present novel legal theories, we generally cannot predict the eventual outcome, timing, or related loss, if any, of pending matters.
Note 14: Stock-Based Compensation
In fiscal 2023, our shareholders approved the La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2022 Omnibus Incentive Plan which provides for the grant of stock options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock and restricted stock units, unrestricted stock, performance awards, dividend equivalent rights, and short-term cash incentive awards. Under this plan, the aggregate number of common shares that may be issued through awards of any form is 2.8 million shares, reduced by the number of shares subject to awards granted under the La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan after April 30, 2022 and prior to the Annual Meeting of Shareholders of La-Z-Boy Incorporated held on August 30, 2022.
Awards granted in fiscal 2023 were made under our La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan. As of the end of fiscal 2023, no grants may be issued under this plan or any of our previous plans.
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The table below summarizes the total stock-based compensation expense we recognized for all outstanding grants. Stock-based compensation expense is recorded in SG&A in the consolidated statement of income:

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Equity-based awards expense |  |  |  |  |  |
Stock options |  | $ | 2,076 |  |  | $ | 1,973 |  |  | $ | 2,959 |
Restricted stock |  | 5,069 |  |  | 3,720 |  |  | 3,367 |
Restricted stock units issued to Directors |  | 1,020 |  |  | 1,194 |  |  | 840 |
Performance-based shares |  | 4,293 |  |  | 4,971 |  |  | 5,505 |
Total equity-based awards expense |  | 12,458 |  |  | 11,858 |  |  | 12,671 |
Liability-based awards expense (1) |  | 162 |  |  | (1,131) |  |  | 1,878 |
Total stock-based compensation expense |  | $ | 12,620 |  |  | $ | 10,727 |  |  | $ | 14,549 |

(1)Includes stock appreciation rights, deferred stock units issued to Directors, restricted stock units, and performance-based units. Compensation expense for these awards is based on the market price of our common stock on the grant date and is remeasured each reporting period based on the market value of our common shares on the last day of the reported period.
Stock Options. The La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan authorized grants to certain employees and directors to purchase common shares at a specified price, which may not be less than 100% of the current market price of the stock at the date of grant. We granted 318,411 stock options to employees during the first quarter of fiscal 2023, and we also have stock options outstanding from previous grants. We account for stock options as equity-based awards because when they are exercised, they will be settled in common shares. We recognize compensation expense for stock options over the vesting period equal to the fair value on the date our Compensation and Talent Oversight Committee of our board of directors approved the awards. The vesting period for our stock options ranges from one to four years, with accelerated vesting upon retirement. The vesting date for retirement-eligible employees is the later of the date they meet the criteria for retirement or ten months after the grant date. We accelerate the expense for options granted to retirement eligible employees over the vesting period, with expense recognized from the grant date through their retirement eligibility date or over the ten months following the grant date, whichever period is longer. We have elected to recognize forfeitures as an adjustment to compensation expense in the same period as the forfeitures occur. Granted options outstanding under the former long-term equity award plan remain in effect and have a term of 10 years.
We estimate the fair value of the employee stock options at the grant date using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model, which requires management to make certain assumptions. The fair value of stock options granted during fiscal years 2023, 2022, and 2021 were calculated using the following assumptions:

| Grant Year |  |
| Fiscal 2023 |  | Fiscal 2022 |  | Fiscal 2021 |  | Assumption
Risk-free interest rate | 2.87% |  | 0.82% |  | 0.34% |  | U.S. Treasury issues with term equal to expected life at grant date
Dividend rate | 2.70% |  | 1.58% |  | —% |  | Estimated future dividend rate and common share price at grant date
Expected life | 5.0 years |  | 5.0 years |  | 5.0 years |  | Contractual term of stock option and expected employee exercise trends
Stock price volatility | 42.78% |  | 42.16% |  | 41.79% |  | Historical volatility of our common shares
Fair value per option | $ | 7.90 |  |  | $ | 12.29 |  |  | $ | 10.06 |  |  |

57

Plan activity for stock options under the above plans was as follows:

| Number of Shares (In Thousands) |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price |  | Weighted Average Remaining Contractual Term (Years) |  | Aggregate Intrinsic Value (In Thousands)
Outstanding at April 30, 2022 | 1,516 |  |  | $ | 30.51 |  |  | 6.6 |  | $ | 24 |
Granted | 318 |  |  | 24.41 |  |  | N/A |  | N/A
Canceled | (37) |  |  | 30.46 |  |  | N/A |  | N/A
Exercised | (176) |  |  | 26.64 |  |  | N/A |  | 1,047 |
Outstanding at April 29, 2023 | 1,621 |  |  | 29.73 |  |  | 6.7 |  | 2,175 |
Exercisable at April 29, 2023 | 1,076 |  |  | $ | 30.15 |  |  | 5.7 |  | $ | 776 |

The aggregate intrinsic value of options exercised was $0.3 million and $5.1 million in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021, respectively. As of April 29, 2023, our total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested stock option awards was $2.7 million, which we expect to recognize over a weighted-average remaining vesting term of all unvested awards of 1.6 years. During the year ended April 29, 2023, stock options with respect to 0.3 million shares vested.
We received $4.7 million, $1.1 million, and $10.8 million in cash during fiscal 2023, 2022, and 2021, respectively, for exercises of stock options.
Restricted Stock. We granted 256,128 shares of restricted stock units to employees during fiscal 2023. We issue restricted stock at no cost to the employees and account for restricted stock awards as equity-based awards because when they vest, they will be settled in common shares. We recognize compensation expense for restricted stock over the vesting period equal to the fair value on the date our Compensation and Talent Oversight Committee of our board of directors approved the awards. Restricted stock awards vest at 25% per year, beginning one year from the grant date for a term of four years, with continued vesting upon retirement with respect to the fiscal 2023 grants. We accelerate the expense for restricted stock granted to retirement-eligible employees over the vesting period, with expense recognized from the grant date through their retirement eligibility date or over the ten months following the grant date, whichever period is longer. We have elected to recognize forfeitures as an adjustment to compensation expense in the same period as the forfeitures occur. The weighted average fair value of the restricted stock that was awarded in fiscal 2023 was $24.58 per share, the market value of our common shares on the date of grant.
The following table summarizes information about non-vested awards as of and for the year ended April 29, 2023:

|  | Shares or Units (In Thousands) |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Non-vested awards at April 30, 2022 |  | 287 |  |  | $ | 33.45 |
Granted |  | 256 |  |  | 24.58 |
Vested |  | (107) |  |  | 32.81 |
Canceled |  | (43) |  |  | 31.15 |
Non-vested awards at April 29, 2023 |  | 393 |  |  | 28.10 |

Unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested restricted shares was $6.7 million and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining contractual term of all unvested awards of 1.5 years.
Restricted Stock Units Issued to Directors. Restricted stock units granted to our non-employee directors are offered at no cost to the directors and vest the earlier of the date a director ceases to be a member of the board (for any reason other than the termination of service for cause) or the one-year anniversary of the grant date. During fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022, and fiscal 2021 we granted less than 0.1 million restricted stock units each year to our non-employee directors. We account for these restricted stock units as equity-based awards because when they vest, they will be settled in shares of our common stock. We measure and recognize compensation expense for these awards based on the market price of our common shares on the date of grant. The weighted-average fair value of the restricted stock units that were granted during fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022, and fiscal 2021 was $26.49, $35.34, and $32.08, respectively.
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Performance Shares. Under the La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan, the Compensation and Talent Oversight Committee of our board of directors is authorized to award common shares to certain employees based on the attainment of certain financial goals over a given performance period. The awards are offered at no cost to the employees. In the event of an employee's termination during the vesting period, the potential right to earn shares under this program is generally forfeited.
During the first quarter of fiscal 2023, we granted 240,833 performance-based shares, and we also have performance-based share awards outstanding from grants in fiscal 2022 and fiscal 2021. Payout of these grants depend on our financial performance (50%) and a market-based condition based on the total return our shareholders receive on their investment in our stock relative to returns earned through investments in other public companies (50%). The performance share opportunity ranges from 50% of the employee's target award if minimum performance requirements are met to a maximum of 200% of the target award based on the attainment of certain financial and shareholder-return goals over a specific performance period, which is generally three fiscal years.
The number of awards that will vest, as well as unearned and canceled awards, depend on the achievement of certain financial and shareholder-return goals over the three-year performance periods, and will be settled in shares if service conditions are met, requiring employees to remain employed with the Company through the end of the three-year performance periods.
The following table summarizes the performance-based shares outstanding at the maximum award amounts based upon the respective performance share agreements:

|  | Shares (In Thousands) |  | Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value
Outstanding shares at April 30, 2022 |  | 621 |  |  | $ | 32.28 |
Granted |  | 482 |  |  | 24.41 |
Vested |  | (122) |  |  | 28.68 |
Unearned or canceled |  | (218) |  |  | 30.21 |
Outstanding shares at April 29, 2023 |  | 763 |  |  | 28.47 |

We account for performance-based shares as equity-based awards because when they vest, they will be settled in common shares. In the event of an employee's termination during the vesting period, the potential right to earn shares under this program is generally forfeited and we have elected to recognize forfeitures as an adjustment to compensation expense in the same period in which the forfeitures occur. For shares that vest based on our results relative to the performance goals, we expense as compensation cost the fair value of the shares as of the day we granted the awards recognized over the performance period, taking into account the probability that we will satisfy the performance goals. The fair value of each share of the awards we granted in fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022, and fiscal 2021 that vest based on attaining performance goals was $22.43, $36.13, and $30.75, respectively, the market value of our common shares on the date we granted the awards less the dividends we expect to pay before the shares vest. For shares that vest based on market conditions, we use a Monte Carlo valuation model to estimate each share's fair value as of the date of grant. The Monte Carlo valuation model uses multiple simulations to evaluate our probability of achieving various stock price levels to determine our expected performance ranking relative to our peer group. Similar to the way in which we expense the awards of stock options, we expense compensation cost over the vesting period regardless of whether the market condition is ultimately satisfied. Based on the Monte Carlo model, the fair value as of the grant date of the fiscal 2023, fiscal 2022, and fiscal 2021 grants of shares that vest based on market conditions was $36.63, $51.85, and $38.14, respectively. Our unrecognized compensation cost at April 29, 2023, related to performance-based shares was $6.7 million based on the current estimates of the number of awards that will vest, and is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average remaining contractual term of all unvested awards of 1.4 years.
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Equity-based compensation expenses related to performance-based shares recognized in our consolidated statement of income were as follows (for the fiscal years ended):

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Fiscal 2019 grant |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,545 |
Fiscal 2020 grant |  | — |  |  | 1,066 |  |  | 2,051 |
Fiscal 2021 grant |  | 548 |  |  | 2,195 |  |  | 1,909 |
Fiscal 2022 grant |  | 1,649 |  |  | 1,710 |  |  | — |
Fiscal 2023 grant |  | 2,096 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Total expense |  | $ | 4,293 |  |  | $ | 4,971 |  |  | $ | 5,505 |

Note 15: Accumulated Other Comprehensive Loss
Activity in accumulated other comprehensive loss was as follows:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | Translation adjustment |  |  |  | Unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities |  | Net pension amortization and net actuarial loss |  | Accumulated other comprehensive loss
Balance at April 25, 2020 |  | $ | (1,891) |  |  |  |  | $ | 449 |  |  | $ | (5,510) |  |  | $ | (6,952) |
Changes before reclassifications |  | 4,932 |  |  |  |  | (96) |  |  | 428 |  |  | 5,264 |
Amounts reclassified to net income |  | — |  |  |  |  | (9) |  |  | 347 |  |  | 338 |
Tax effect |  | — |  |  |  |  | 26 |  |  | (197) |  |  | (171) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to La-Z-Boy Incorporated |  | 4,932 |  |  |  |  | (79) |  |  | 578 |  |  | 5,431 |
Balance at April 24, 2021 |  | $ | 3,041 |  |  |  |  | $ | 370 |  |  | $ | (4,932) |  |  | $ | (1,521) |
Changes before reclassifications |  | (5,002) |  |  |  |  | (947) |  |  | 1,539 |  |  | (4,410) |
Amounts reclassified to net income |  | — |  |  |  |  | 59 |  |  | 306 |  |  | 365 |
Tax effect |  | — |  |  |  |  | 220 |  |  | (451) |  |  | (231) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to La-Z-Boy Incorporated |  | (5,002) |  |  |  |  | (668) |  |  | 1,394 |  |  | (4,276) |
Balance at April 30, 2022 |  | $ | (1,961) |  |  |  |  | $ | (298) |  |  | $ | (3,538) |  |  | $ | (5,797) |
Changes before reclassifications |  | (691) |  |  |  |  | (27) |  |  | 879 |  |  | 161 |
Amounts reclassified to net income |  | — |  |  |  |  | 231 |  |  | 193 |  |  | 424 |
Tax effect |  | — |  |  |  |  | (51) |  |  | (265) |  |  | (316) |
Other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to La-Z-Boy Incorporated |  | (691) |  |  |  |  | 153 |  |  | 807 |  |  | 269 |
Balance at April 29, 2023 |  | $ | (2,652) |  |  |  |  | $ | (145) |  |  | $ | (2,731) |  |  | $ | (5,528) |

We reclassified both the unrealized gain (loss) on marketable securities and the net pension amortization from accumulated other comprehensive loss to net income through other income (expense), net.
The components of noncontrolling interest were as follows:

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Balance as of the beginning of the year |  | $ | 8,897 |  |  | $ | 8,648 |  |  | $ | 15,553 |
Net income |  | 1,277 |  |  | 2,311 |  |  | 1,068 |
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  | 87 |  |  | (802) |  |  | 534 |
Dividends distributed to joint venture minority partners |  | — |  |  | (1,260) |  |  | (8,507) |
Balance as of the end of the year |  | $ | 10,261 |  |  | $ | 8,897 |  |  | $ | 8,648 |

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Note 16: Revenue Recognition
The following table presents our revenue disaggregated by product category and by segment or unit:

|  | Year Ended April 29, 2023
(Amounts in thousands) |  | Wholesale |  | Retail |  | Corporate and Other |  | Total
Upholstered Furniture |  | $ | 1,326,327 |  |  | $ | 811,955 |  |  | $ | 179,815 |  |  | $ | 2,318,097 |
Casegoods Furniture |  | 108,098 |  |  | 58,455 |  |  | 24,673 |  |  | 191,226 |
Delivery |  | 210,963 |  |  | 32,653 |  |  | 7,652 |  |  | 251,268 |
Other (1) |  | 44,860 |  |  | 78,980 |  |  | (45,950) |  |  | 77,890 |
Total |  | $ | 1,690,248 |  |  | $ | 982,043 |  |  | $ | 166,190 |  |  | $ | 2,838,481 |
|  |  |  | Eliminations |  |  |  | (489,048) |
|  | Consolidated Net Sales |  |  |  | $ | 2,349,433 |
|  | Year Ended April 30, 2022
(Amounts in thousands) |  | Wholesale |  | Retail |  | Corporate and Other |  | Total
Upholstered Furniture |  | $ | 1,378,577 |  |  | $ | 654,272 |  |  | $ | 219,967 |  |  | $ | 2,252,816 |
Casegoods Furniture |  | 110,126 |  |  | 47,162 |  |  | 24,559 |  |  | 181,847 |
Delivery |  | 190,110 |  |  | 30,171 |  |  | 7,999 |  |  | 228,280 |
Other (1) |  | 90,025 |  |  | 72,789 |  |  | (56,566) |  |  | 106,248 |
Total |  | $ | 1,768,838 |  |  | $ | 804,394 |  |  | $ | 195,959 |  |  | $ | 2,769,191 |
|  |  |  | Eliminations |  |  |  | (412,380) |
|  | Consolidated Net Sales |  |  |  | $ | 2,356,811 |

(1)Primarily includes revenue for advertising, royalties, parts, accessories, after-treatment products, surcharges, discounts & allowances, rebates and other sales incentives.
Upholstered Furniture - Includes gross revenue for upholstered furniture, such as recliners, sofas, loveseats, chairs, sectionals, modulars, and ottomans. This gross revenue includes sales to La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores (including company-owned stores), operators of La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio® locations, England Custom Comfort Center locations, other major dealers, independent retailers, and the end consumer.
Casegoods Furniture - Includes gross revenue for casegoods furniture typically found in a bedroom, such as beds, chests, dressers, nightstands and benches; furniture typically found in the dining room, such as dining tables, storage units, and stools; and furniture typically found throughout the home, such as cocktail tables, chairsides, sofa tables, end tables, and entertainment centers. This gross revenue includes sales to La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores (including company-owned stores), independent retailers, and the end consumer.
Contract Assets and Liabilities. We receive customer deposits from end consumers before we recognize revenue and in some cases we have the unconditional right to collect the remaining portion of the order price before we fulfill our performance obligation, resulting in a contract asset and a corresponding deferred revenue liability. In our consolidated balance sheet, customer deposits and deferred revenue (collectively, the "contract liabilities") are reported in accrued expenses and other current liabilities while contract assets are reported as other current assets.
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The following table presents our contract assets and liabilities:

(Unaudited, amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Contract assets |  | $ | 44,939 |  |  | $ | 139,006 |
Customer deposits |  | $ | 105,766 |  |  | $ | 183,233 |
Deferred revenue |  | 44,939 |  |  | 139,006 |
Total contract liabilities (1) |  | $ | 150,705 |  |  | $ | 322,239 |

(1)During the year ended April 29, 2023, we recognized revenue of $293.7 million related to our contract liability balance at April 30, 2022.
Contract assets, customer deposits and deferred revenue decreased during fiscal 2023 as we continue to work down the backlog built up in prior periods back to pre-pandemic levels.
Note 17: Segment Information
Our reportable operating segments include the Wholesale segment and the Retail segment.
Wholesale Segment. Our Wholesale segment consists primarily of three operating segments: La-Z-Boy, our largest operating segment, our England subsidiary, and our casegoods operating segment that sells furniture under three brands: American Drew®, Hammary® and Kincaid®. The Wholesale segment also includes our international wholesale and manufacturing businesses. We aggregate these operating segments into one reportable segment because they are economically similar and meet the other aggregation criteria for determining reportable segments. Our Wholesale segment manufactures and imports upholstered furniture, such as recliners and motion furniture, sofas, loveseats, chairs, sectionals, modulars, ottomans and sleeper sofas and imports casegoods (wood) furniture such as bedroom sets, dining room sets, entertainment centers and occasional pieces. The Wholesale segment sells directly to La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores, operators of La-Z-Boy Comfort Studio® locations, England Custom Comfort Center locations, major dealers, and a wide cross-section of other independent retailers.
Retail Segment. Our Retail segment consists of one operating segment comprised of our 171 company-owned La-Z-Boy Furniture Galleries® stores. The Retail segment sells primarily upholstered furniture, in addition to some casegoods and other accessories, to end consumers through these stores.
Corporate & Other. Corporate & Other includes the shared costs for corporate functions, including human resources, information technology, finance and legal, in addition to revenue generated through royalty agreements with companies licensed to use the La-Z-Boy® brand name on various products. We consider our corporate functions to be other business activities and have aggregated them with our other insignificant operating segments, including our global trading company in Hong Kong and Joybird, an e-commerce retailer that manufactures upholstered furniture such as sofas, loveseats, chairs, ottomans, sleeper sofas and beds, and also imports casegoods (wood) furniture such as occasional tables and other accessories. Joybird sells to the end consumer primarily online through its website, www.joybird.com. None of the operating segments included in Corporate & Other meet the requirements of reportable segments.
The accounting policies of the operating segments are the same as those described in Note 1, Accounting Policies. We account for intersegment revenue transactions between our segments consistent with independent third-party transactions, that is, at current market prices. As a result, the manufacturing profit related to sales to our Retail segment is included within the Wholesale segment. Operating income realized on intersegment revenue transactions is therefore generally consistent with the operating income realized on our revenue from independent third-party transactions. Segment operating income is based on profit or loss from operations before interest expense, interest income, other income (expense), net and income taxes. Identifiable assets are cash and equivalents, notes and accounts receivable, net inventories, net property, plant and equipment, right-of-use lease assets, goodwill and other intangible assets. Our unallocated assets include deferred income taxes, corporate assets (including a portion of cash and equivalents), and various other assets. Sales are attributed to countries on the basis of the customer's location.
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The following table presents sales and operating income (loss) by segment:

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Sales |  |  |  |  |  |
Wholesale segment: |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to external customers |  | $ | 1,215,429 |  |  | $ | 1,371,602 |  |  | $ | 1,006,377 |
Intersegment sales |  | 474,819 |  |  | 397,236 |  |  | 294,921 |
Wholesale segment sales |  | 1,690,248 |  |  | 1,768,838 |  |  | 1,301,298 |
Retail segment sales |  | 982,043 |  |  | 804,394 |  |  | 612,906 |
Corporate and Other: |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales to external customers |  | 151,961 |  |  | 180,815 |  |  | 114,961 |
Intersegment sales |  | 14,229 |  |  | 15,144 |  |  | 12,409 |
Corporate and Other sales |  | 166,190 |  |  | 195,959 |  |  | 127,370 |
Eliminations |  | (489,048) |  |  | (412,380) |  |  | (307,330) |
Consolidated sales |  | $ | 2,349,433 |  |  | $ | 2,356,811 |  |  | $ | 1,734,244 |
Operating Income (Loss) |  |  |  |  |  |
Wholesale segment |  | $ | 115,215 |  |  | $ | 134,013 |  |  | $ | 134,312 |
Retail segment |  | 161,571 |  |  | 109,546 |  |  | 46,724 |
Corporate and Other |  | (65,347) |  |  | (36,803) |  |  | (44,300) |
Consolidated operating income |  | 211,439 |  |  | 206,756 |  |  | 136,736 |
Interest expense |  | (536) |  |  | (895) |  |  | (1,390) |
Interest income |  | 6,670 |  |  | 1,338 |  |  | 1,101 |
Other income (expense), net |  | (11,784) |  |  | (1,708) |  |  | 9,466 |
Income before income taxes |  | $ | 205,789 |  |  | $ | 205,491 |  |  | $ | 145,913 |

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The following tables present additional financial information by segment and location.

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Depreciation and Amortization |  |  |  |  |  |
Wholesale segment |  | $ | 23,327 |  |  | $ | 24,520 |  |  | $ | 19,029 |
Retail segment |  | 7,922 |  |  | 6,320 |  |  | 4,894 |
Corporate and Other |  | 8,944 |  |  | 8,931 |  |  | 9,098 |
Consolidated depreciation and amortization |  | $ | 40,193 |  |  | $ | 39,771 |  |  | $ | 33,021 |
Capital Expenditures |  |  |  |  |  |
Wholesale segment |  | $ | 38,491 |  |  | $ | 49,373 |  |  | $ | 27,303 |
Retail segment |  | 22,285 |  |  | 19,426 |  |  | 8,958 |
Corporate and Other |  | 8,036 |  |  | 7,781 |  |  | 1,699 |
Consolidated capital expenditures |  | $ | 68,812 |  |  | $ | 76,580 |  |  | $ | 37,960 |
Sales by Country |  |  |  |  |  |
United States |  | 89% |  | 89% |  | 91%
Canada |  | 6% |  | 6% |  | 5%
Other |  | 5% |  | 5% |  | 4%
Total |  | 100% |  | 100% |  | 100%

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022
Assets |  |  |  |
Wholesale segment |  | $ | 688,238 |  |  | $ | 741,150 |
Retail segment |  | 615,752 |  |  | 587,083 |
Unallocated assets |  | 562,273 |  |  | 603,856 |
Consolidated assets |  | $ | 1,866,263 |  |  | $ | 1,932,089 |
Long-Lived Assets by Geographic Location |  |  |  |
Domestic |  | $ | 865,556 |  |  | $ | 798,089 |
International |  | 73,674 |  |  | 89,385 |
Consolidated long-lived assets |  | $ | 939,230 |  |  | $ | 887,474 |

Note 18: Income Taxes
Income before income taxes consists of the following:

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
United States |  | $ | 177,940 |  |  | $ | 164,432 |  |  | $ | 124,547 |
Foreign |  | 27,849 |  |  | 41,059 |  |  | 21,366 |
Total |  | $ | 205,789 |  |  | $ | 205,491 |  |  | $ | 145,913 |

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Income tax expense (benefit) consists of the following components:

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Federal |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | $ | 31,945 |  |  | $ | 30,793 |  |  | $ | 18,327 |
Deferred |  | 4,960 |  |  | 2,303 |  |  | 6,771 |
State |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | 10,345 |  |  | 9,191 |  |  | 6,475 |
Deferred |  | 1,537 |  |  | 1,060 |  |  | 2,339 |
Foreign |  |  |  |  |  |
Current |  | 7,237 |  |  | 11,632 |  |  | 4,451 |
Deferred |  | (2,176) |  |  | (1,816) |  |  | 21 |
Total income tax expense |  | $ | 53,848 |  |  | $ | 53,163 |  |  | $ | 38,384 |

Our effective tax rate differs from the U.S. federal income tax rate for the following reasons:

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(% of income before income taxes) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Statutory tax rate |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | % |  | 21.0 | %
Increase (reduction) in income taxes resulting from: |  |  |  |  |  |
State income taxes, net of federal benefit |  | 4.5 | % |  | 3.9 | % |  | 4.3 | %
Losses/(gains) on corporate owned life insurance |  | 0.2 | % |  | — | % |  | (1.2) | %
Fair value adjustment of contingent consideration liability |  | (0.1) | % |  | (0.3) | % |  | 2.0 | %
Miscellaneous items |  | 0.6 | % |  | 1.3 | % |  | 0.2 | %
Effective tax rate |  | 26.2 | % |  | 25.9 | % |  | 26.3 | %

For our Canada and Mexico foreign operating units, we permanently reinvest the earnings and consequently do not record a deferred tax liability relative to the undistributed earnings. We have reinvested approximately $61.0 million of the earnings. After enactment of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act in 2017, the potential deferred tax attributable to these earnings would be approximately $2.6 million, primarily related to foreign withholding taxes and state income taxes. The Company is not permanently reinvested on undistributed earnings for its Thailand and United Kingdom foreign operating units and has provided for deferred tax attributable to those earnings of approximately $1.2 million in fiscal 2023.
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The primary components of our deferred tax assets and (liabilities) were as follows:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  |
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |
Leases |  | $ | 110,993 |  |  | $ | 108,108 |  |  |
Deferred and other compensation |  | 19,475 |  |  | 21,309 |  |  |
State income tax—net operating losses, credits and other |  | 5,126 |  |  | 5,795 |  |  |
Warranty |  | 7,213 |  |  | 6,402 |  |  |
Inventory |  | — |  |  | 2,274 |  |  |
Workers' compensation |  | 1,817 |  |  | 2,292 |  |  |
Bad debt |  | 1,475 |  |  | 1,216 |  |  |
Employee benefits |  | 2,159 |  |  | 2,170 |  |  |
Federal net operating losses, credits |  | 530 |  |  | 908 |  |  |
Other |  | 2,198 |  |  | 81 |  |  |
Valuation allowance |  | (3,468) |  |  | (3,517) |  |  |
Total deferred tax assets |  | 147,518 |  |  | 147,038 |  |  |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |
Right of use lease assets |  | (104,067) |  |  | (102,978) |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment |  | (19,936) |  |  | (20,412) |  |  |
Inventory |  | (1,802) |  |  | — |  |  |
Goodwill and other intangibles |  | (14,128) |  |  | (11,914) |  |  |
Tax on undistributed foreign earnings |  | (1,152) |  |  | (1,102) |  |  |
Net deferred tax assets |  | $ | 6,433 |  |  | $ | 10,632 |  |  |

The deferred tax assets associated with loss carry forwards and the related expiration dates are as follows:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | Amount |  | Expiration
Federal net operating losses |  | $ | 530 |  |  | Fiscal 2039
Various U.S. state net operating losses (excluding federal tax effect) |  | 2,074 |  |  | Fiscal 2024 - 2038
Foreign capital losses |  | 147 |  |  | Indefinite
Foreign net operating losses |  | 131 |  |  | Indefinite

We evaluate our deferred taxes to determine if a valuation allowance is required. Accounting standards require that we assess whether a valuation allowance should be established based on the consideration of all available evidence using a "more likely than not" standard with significant weight being given to evidence that can be objectively verified.
The evaluation of the amount of net deferred tax assets expected to be realized necessarily involves forecasting the amount of taxable income that will be generated in future years. We have forecasted future results using estimates management believes to be reasonable. We based these estimates on objective evidence such as expected trends resulting from certain leading economic indicators. Based upon our net deferred tax asset position at April 29, 2023, we estimate that approximately $13.6 million of future taxable income would need to be generated to fully recover our net deferred tax assets. The realization of deferred income tax assets is dependent on future events and actual results may vary from management's forecasts due to economic volatility and uncertainty along with unpredictable complexities in the global supply chain. Such variances could result in adjustments to the valuation allowance on deferred tax assets in future periods, and such adjustments could be material to the financial statements.
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A summary of the valuation allowance by jurisdiction is as follows:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | Change
U.S. Federal |  | $ | 1,822 |  |  | $ | 1,460 |  |  | $ | 362 |
U.S. State |  | 1,496 |  |  | 1,907 |  |  | (411) |
Foreign |  | 150 |  |  | 150 |  |  | — |
Total |  | $ | 3,468 |  |  | $ | 3,517 |  |  | $ | (49) |

The remaining valuation allowance of $3.5 million is primarily related to certain U.S. federal, state and foreign deferred tax assets. The U.S. federal deferred taxes are primarily due to limitations on the realization of deferred taxes related to executive compensation. The U.S. state deferred taxes are primarily related to state net operating losses.
As of April 29, 2023, we had a gross unrecognized tax benefit of $1.1 million related to uncertain tax positions in various jurisdictions. A reconciliation of the beginning and ending balance of these unrecognized tax benefits is as follows:

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Balance at the beginning of the period |  | $ | 1,037 |  |  | $ | 1,069 |  |  | $ | 1,030 |
Additions: |  |  |  |  |  |
Positions taken during the current year |  | 109 |  |  | 121 |  |  | 176 |
Positions taken during the prior year |  | 83 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 35 |
Reductions: |  |  |  |  |  |
Positions taken during the prior year |  | — |  |  | (23) |  |  | (19) |
Decreases related to settlements with taxing authorities |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Reductions resulting from the lapse of the statute of limitations |  | (145) |  |  | (140) |  |  | (153) |
Balance at the end of the period |  | $ | 1,084 |  |  | $ | 1,037 |  |  | $ | 1,069 |

We recognize interest and penalties associated with uncertain tax positions in income tax expense. We had approximately $0.4 million accrued for interest and penalties as of April 29, 2023 and April 30, 2022.
If recognized, $0.9 million of the total $1.1 million of unrecognized tax benefits would decrease our effective tax rate. We do not expect that the net liability for uncertain income tax positions will significantly change within the next 12 months. The remaining balance will be settled or released as tax audits are effectively settled, statutes of limitation expire, or other new information becomes available.
Our U.S. federal income tax returns for fiscal years 2020 and subsequent are still subject to audit. In addition, we conduct business in various states. The major states in which we conduct business are subject to audit for fiscal years 2019 and subsequent. Our foreign operations are subject to audit for fiscal years 2013 and subsequent.
Cash paid for taxes (net of refunds received) during the fiscal years ended April 29, 2023, April 30, 2022, and April 24, 2021, was $69.9 million, $38.6 million, and $40.5 million, respectively.
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Note 19: Earnings per Share
The following is a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators we used in our computations of basic and diluted earnings per share:

|  | Fiscal Year Ended
|  | (52 weeks) |  | (53 weeks) |  | (52 weeks)
(Amounts in thousands) |  | 4/29/2023 |  | 4/30/2022 |  | 4/24/2021
Numerator (basic and diluted): |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income attributable to La-Z-Boy Incorporated |  | $ | 150,664 |  |  | $ | 150,017 |  |  | $ | 106,461 |
Income allocated to participating securities (1) |  | — |  |  | (7) |  |  | (46) |
Net income available to common Shareholders |  | $ | 150,664 |  |  | $ | 150,010 |  |  | $ | 106,415 |
Denominator: |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic weighted average common shares outstanding |  | 43,148 |  |  | 44,023 |  |  | 45,983 |
Contingent common shares |  | 91 |  |  | 79 |  |  | 171 |
Stock option dilution |  | 1 |  |  | 192 |  |  | 213 |
Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding |  | 43,240 |  |  | 44,294 |  |  | 46,367 |
Earnings per Share: |  |  |  |  |  |
Basic |  | $ | 3.49 |  |  | $ | 3.41 |  |  | $ | 2.31 |
Diluted |  | $ | 3.48 |  |  | $ | 3.39 |  |  | $ | 2.30 |

(1)Prior to fiscal 2019, we granted restricted stock awards that contained non-forfeitable rights to dividends on unvested shares, and we are required to include these participating securities in calculating our basic earnings per common share, using the two-class method.
The values for contingent common shares set forth above reflect the dilutive effect of common shares that we would have issued to employees under the terms of performance-based share awards if the relevant performance period for the award had been the reporting period.
We exclude the effect of options from our diluted share calculation when the weighted average exercise price of the options is higher than the average market price, since including the options' effect would be anti-dilutive. We excluded options to purchase 1.4 million and 0.2 million shares from the diluted share calculation for the years ended April 29, 2023 and April 30, 2022, respectively. We did not exclude any outstanding options from the diluted share calculation for the fiscal year ended April 24, 2021.
Note 20: Fair Value Measurements
Accounting standards require that we put financial assets and liabilities into one of three categories based on the inputs we use to value them:
•Level 1 — Financial assets and liabilities, the values of which are based on unadjusted quoted market prices for identical assets and liabilities in an active market that we have the ability to access.
•Level 2 — Financial assets and liabilities, the values of which are based on quoted prices in markets that are not active or on model inputs that are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
•Level 3 — Financial assets and liabilities, the values of which are based on prices or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement.
Accounting standards require that in making fair value measurements, we use observable market data when available. When inputs used to measure fair value fall within different levels of the hierarchy, we categorize the fair value measurement as being in the lowest level that is significant to the measurement. We recognize transfers between levels of the fair value hierarchy at the end of the reporting period in which they occur.
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In addition to assets and liabilities that we record at fair value on a recurring basis, we are required to record assets and liabilities at fair value on a non-recurring basis. We measure non-financial assets such as other intangible assets, goodwill, and other long-lived assets at fair value when there is an indicator of impairment, and we record them at fair value only when we recognize an impairment loss.
The following table presents the fair value hierarchy for those assets and liabilities we measured at fair value on a recurring basis at April 29, 2023 and April 30, 2022. There were no transfers into or out of Level 1, Level 2, or Level 3 for any of the periods presented.

At April 29, 2023 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Fair Value Measurements
(Amounts in thousands) |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | NAV (1) |  | Total
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Marketable securities |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,557 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,995 |  |  | $ | 23,552 |
Held-to-maturity investments |  | 1,351 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,351 |
Total assets |  | $ | 1,351 |  |  | $ | 16,557 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,995 |  |  | $ | 24,903 |

At April 30, 2022 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
|  | Fair Value Measurements
(Amounts in thousands) |  | Level 1 |  | Level 2 |  | Level 3 |  | NAV (1) |  | Total
Assets |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Marketable securities |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 33,578 |  |  | $ | 2,500 |  |  | $ | 6,543 |  |  | $ | 42,621 |
Held-to-maturity investments |  | 1,337 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,337 |
Cost basis investment |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 7,579 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,579 |
Total assets |  | $ | 1,337 |  |  | $ | 33,578 |  |  | $ | 10,079 |  |  | $ | 6,543 |  |  | $ | 51,537 |
Liabilities |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contingent consideration liability |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 800 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 800 |

(1)Certain marketable securities investments are measured at fair value using net asset value per share under the practical expedient methodology.
At April 29, 2023 and April 30, 2022, we held marketable securities intended to enhance returns on our cash and to fund future obligations of our non-qualified defined benefit retirement plan, our executive deferred compensation plan and our performance compensation retirement plan. We also held other fixed income and cost basis investments.
The fair value measurements for our Level 1 and Level 2 securities are based on quoted prices in active markets, as well as through broker quotes and independent valuation providers, multiplied by the number of shares owned exclusive of any transaction costs.
At April 29, 2023, our Level 3 assets included investments in two privately-held companies consisting of non-marketable preferred shares, warrants to purchase common shares, and convertible notes. The fair value for our Level 3 equity investments is not readily determinable so we estimate the fair value as costs minus impairment, if any, plus or minus adjustments resulting from observable price changes in orderly transactions for identical or similar investments with the same issuer.
During the third quarter of fiscal 2023, we invested an additional $0.2 million in convertible notes in one of these privately-held start-up companies. Subsequently and during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023, with respect to the same investee, we recorded an impairment charge of $10.3 million to other income (expense), net in the consolidated statement of income for the full carrying value of the preferred shares ($7.6 million) and convertible notes ($2.7 million), as it was determined the value of the investments was not recoverable. For non-marketable equity investments, the measurement of fair value requires significant judgment and includes quantitative and qualitative analysis of identified events or circumstances that impact the fair value of the investment. Among other factors, we assessed the investee's ability to meet business milestones, its financial condition and near-term prospects (including the rate at which the investee was using cash and its current debt obligations and impending debt maturities), the investee's need for additional funding, and the competitive environment in which the investee operates its business.
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Our Level 3 liability included our contingent consideration liability resulting from the Joybird acquisition. The fair value of our contingent consideration liability as of April 29, 2023 reflects our expectation that no additional consideration will be owed based on our most recent financial projections and the terms of the earnout agreement. As a result, during the second quarter of fiscal 2023, we reduced the fair value of the contingent consideration liability by its full carrying value of $0.8 million which was recorded as a favorable impact to selling, general and administrative expense in our consolidated statement of income.
The following table is a reconciliation of our Level 3 assets and liabilities recorded at fair value using significant unobservable inputs:

(Amounts in thousands) |  | Assets |  | Liabilities
Balance at April 24, 2021 |  | $ | 7,579 |  |  | $ | 14,100 |
Purchases |  | 2,500 |  |  | — |
Settlements |  | — |  |  | (10,000) |
Fair value adjustment |  | — |  |  | (3,300) |
Balance at April 30, 2022 |  | 10,079 |  |  | 800 |
Purchases |  | 237 |  |  | — |
Impairment |  | (10,316) |  |  | — |
Fair value adjustment |  | — |  |  | (800) |
Balance at April 29, 2023 |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |

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ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE.
None.
ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES.
Disclosure Controls and Procedures. As of the end of the period covered by this report, we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(e) of the Exchange Act. Based upon that evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that such disclosure controls and procedures are effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed in our periodic reports filed under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities and Exchange Commission's rules and forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.
Management's Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our management's report on internal control over financial reporting is included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report.
Attestation Report of the Registered Public Accounting Firm. Our registered public accounting firm's attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting is included in Item 8, Financial Statements and Supplementary Data, of this report.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting. There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting that occurred during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2023 that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION.
None.
ITEM 9C. DISCLOSURE REGARDING FOREIGN JURISDICTIONS THAT PREVENT INSPECTIONS.
Not applicable.
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PART III
ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS, AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE.
We have adopted a Code of Business Conduct, which applies to all of our officers, directors, and employees. A current copy of the code is posted at our website www.la-z-boy.com. We will disclose any amendments to, or waivers from, the code applicable to an executive officer or director at our website www.la-z-boy.com.
We provide some information about our executive officers in Part I of this report, under the heading "Information About Our Executive Officers." All other information required to be reported under this item will be included in our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, and all of that information is incorporated in this item by reference.
ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION.
All information required to be reported under this item will be included in our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, and all of that information is incorporated in this item by reference.
ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS.
All information required to be reported under this item will be included in our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, and all of that information is incorporated into this item by reference.
ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE.
All information required to be reported under this item will be included in our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, and all of that information is incorporated in this item by reference.
ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTANT FEES AND SERVICES.
All information required to be reported under this item will be included in our proxy statement for our 2023 Annual Meeting of Shareholders, and all of that information is incorporated in this item by reference.
PART IV
ITEM 15. EXHIBITS AND FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES.
(a)The following documents are filed as part of this report:
(1) Financial Statements:

Management's Report to Our Shareholders
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (PCAOB ID 238)
Consolidated Statement of Income for each of the three fiscal years ended April 29, 2023, April 30, 2022, and April 24, 2021
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income for each of the three fiscal years ended April 29, 2023, April 30, 2022, and April 24, 2021
Consolidated Balance Sheet at April 29, 2023, and April 30, 2022
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the fiscal years ended April 29, 2023, April 30, 2022, and April 24, 2021
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity for the fiscal years ended April 29, 2023, April 30, 2022, and April 24, 2021
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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(2)Financial Statement Schedule:

Schedule II—Valuation and Qualifying Accounts for the fiscal years ended April 29, 2023, April 30, 2022, and April 24, 2021
Schedule II immediately follows Item 16.
All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or not required because the required information is included in the financial statements or notes thereto.

(3)Exhibits:
The following exhibits are filed or furnished as part of this report:

Exhibit Number |  | Description
(3.1) |  | La-Z-Boy Incorporated Restated Articles of Incorporation (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3i to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 26, 1996)
(3.2) |  | La-Z-Boy Incorporated Amendment to Restated Articles of Incorporation effective August 21, 1998 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 27, 2012)
(3.3) |  | La-Z-Boy Incorporated Amendment to Restated Articles of Incorporation effective August 22, 2008 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.3 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 27, 2012)
(3.4) |  | La-Z-Boy Incorporated Amendment to Restated Articles of Incorporation effective August 24, 2012 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.4 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 27, 2012)
(3.5) |  | La-Z-Boy Incorporated Amended and Restated Bylaws effective August 30, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 Form 8-K filed August 31, 2022)
(4.1) |  | Credit Agreement dated as of October 15, 2021, among La-Z-Boy Incorporated, the lenders party thereto, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 8-K filed October 15, 2021)
(4.2) |  | First Amendment to Credit Agreement dated as of December 20, 2022, among La-Z-Boy Incorporated, the lenders party thereto, and Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as administrative agent (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended January 28, 2023)
(4.3) |  | Description of Securities (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Form 10-K for the year ended April 27, 2019)
(10.1) | * | La-Z-Boy Incorporated Restricted Stock Plan for Non-Employee Directors, amended and restated through August 12, 2003 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit B to Definitive Proxy Statement filed July 8, 2003)
(10.2) | * | La-Z-Boy Incorporated Deferred Stock Unit Plan for Non-Employee Directors (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 25, 2008)
(10.3) | * | Form of Change in Control Agreement in effect for: Melinda D. Whittington. Similar agreements are in effect for each of our other executive officers except the severance period in those agreements is 24 months rather than 36 months
(10.4) | * | Form of Indemnification Agreement (covering all directors, including employee-directors) (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K, filed January 22, 2009)
(10.5) | * | 2005 La-Z-Boy Incorporated Executive Deferred Compensation Plan, amended and restated as of November 18, 2008 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 24, 2009)
(10.6) | * | Amended and Restated La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2010 Omnibus Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Annex A to Definitive Proxy Statement filed July 9, 2013)
(10.7) | * | La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2010 Omnibus Incentive Plan Sample Award Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.2 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended October 23, 2010)
(10.8) | * | La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2010 Omnibus Incentive Plan Revised Sample Award Agreement effective July 9, 2012 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 8-K filed July 9, 2012)
(10.9) | * | La-Z-Boy Incorporated Severance Plan for Executive Officers
(10.10) | * | La-Z-Boy Incorporated Performance Compensation Retirement Plan effective April 27, 2013 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 27, 2013)
(10.11) | * | 2014 Amendment to La-Z-Boy Incorporated Performance Compensation Retirement Plan (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 26, 2014)
(10.12) | * | La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Annex A to Definitive Proxy Statement filed July 18, 2017)
(10.13) | * | La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan Sample Award Agreement (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.14 to Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 27, 2019)

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Exhibit Number |  | Description
(10.14) | * | La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan Revised Sample Award Agreement effective June 22, 2020 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the fiscal quarter ended July 25, 2020)
(10.15) | * | La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan Revised Sample Award Agreement effective June 21, 2021 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.16 to Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended April 30, 2022)
(10.16) | * | La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2017 Omnibus Incentive Plan Revised Sample Award Agreement effective June 28, 2022 (Incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to Form 10-Q for the quarter ended July 30, 2022)
(10.17) | * | La-Z-Boy Incorporated 2022 Omnibus Incentive Plan (Incorporated by reference to Appendix A to Definitive Proxy Statement filed July 20, 2022)
(21) |  | List of subsidiaries of La-Z-Boy Incorporated
(23) |  | Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP (EDGAR filing only)
(31.1) |  | Certifications of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)
(31.2) |  | Certifications of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Rule 13a-14(a)
(32) |  | Certifications pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350
(101.INS) |  | XBRL Instance Document
(101.SCH) |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
(101.CAL) |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
(101.LAB) |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
(101.PRE) |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
(101.DEF) |  | XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
(104) |  | The cover page from the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended April 29, 2023,

* Indicates a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement under which a director or executive officer may receive benefits.
ITEM 16. FORM 10-K SUMMARY.
None.
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LA-Z-BOY INCORPORATED
SCHEDULE II VALUATION AND QUALIFYING ACCOUNTS
(Amounts in thousands)

|  |  |  |  |  | Additions |  |  |  |
Description |  | Balance at Beginning of Year |  | Acquisitions |  | Charged/ (Credited) to Costs and Expenses |  | Charged/ (Credited) to Other Accounts |  | Deductions |  | Balance at End of Year
Allowance for doubtful accounts, deducted from accounts receivable: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
April 29, 2023 |  | $ | 3,406 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 1,489 |  | (1) | $ | — |  |  | $ | (119) |  | (2) | $ | 4,776 |
April 30, 2022 |  | 4,011 |  |  | 51 |  |  | (629) |  | (1) | — |  |  | (27) |  | (2) | 3,406 |
April 24, 2021 |  | 7,541 |  |  | — |  |  | (3,319) |  | (1) | — |  |  | (211) |  | (2) | 4,011 |
Allowance for deferred tax assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
April 29, 2023 |  | $ | 3,517 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 370 |  |  | $ | (419) |  | (3) | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,468 |
April 30, 2022 |  | 3,495 |  |  | 133 |  |  | 851 |  |  | (962) |  | (3) | — |  |  | 3,517 |
April 24, 2021 |  | 2,137 |  |  | — |  |  | 2,308 |  |  | (950) |  | (3) | — |  |  | 3,495 |

(1)Additions charged (credited) to costs and expenses includes the impact of foreign currency exchange gains (losses).
(2)Deductions represent uncollectible accounts written off less recoveries of accounts receivable written off in prior years.
(3)Represents impact of adjusting gross deferred tax assets.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

DATE: June 20, 2023 |  | LA-Z-BOY INCORPORATED
| BY | /s/ MELINDA D. WHITTINGTON
|  | Melinda D. Whittington President and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below, as of June 20, 2023, by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities indicated.

/s/ M.T. LAWTON |  | /s/ E.L. ALEXANDER
M.T. Lawton Chairman of the Board |  | E.L. Alexander Director
/s/ S.M. GALLAGHER |  | /s/ J.P. HACKETT
S.M. Gallagher Director |  | J.P. Hackett Director
/s/ J.E. KERR |  | /s/ M.S. LAVIGNE
J.E. Kerr Director |  | M.S. Lavigne Director
/s/ R.G. LUCIAN |  | /s/ W.A. MCCOLLOUGH
R.G. Lucian Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer |  | W.A. McCollough Director
/s/ J.L. MCCURRY |  | /s/ R.L. O'GRADY
J.L. McCurry Vice President, Corporate Controller and Chief Accounting Officer |  | R.L. O'Grady Director
/s/ L.B. PETERS |  | /s/ M.D. WHITTINGTON
L.B. Peters Director |  | M.D. Whittington President and Chief Executive Officer, Director

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