Fair Value Disclosure

9 Months Ended

Sep. 30, 2023

GAAP establishes a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on the observability of the inputs utilized in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market-based or observable inputs are the preferred source of values, followed by valuation models using management's assumptions in the absence of market-based or observable inputs. The three levels of the hierarchy as noted in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 820, "Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures" are described below:

Level I — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level II — Prices are determined using other significant observable inputs. Observable inputs are inputs that other market participants would use in pricing a security. These may include quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk and others.

Level III — Prices are determined using significant unobservable inputs. In situations where quoted prices or observable inputs are unavailable (for example, when there is little or no market activity for an investment at the end of the period), unobservable inputs may be used.

While we anticipate that our valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with valuation methods used by other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. We use inputs that are current as of the measurement date, which may include periods of market dislocation, during which price transparency may be reduced.

The fair values of foreign exchange ("Fx") forwards are determined by comparing the contracted forward exchange rate to the current market exchange rate. The current market exchange rates are determined by using market spot rates, forward rates and interest rate curves for the underlying countries. Our Fx forwards are classified as Level II in the fair value hierarchy.

The fair value of our interest rate cap is determined by using the market standard methodology of discounting the future expected cash receipts that occur when variable interest rates rise above the strike rate of the interest rate cap. The variable interest rates used in the calculation of projected receipts on the interest rate cap are based on a third-party expert's expectation of future interest rates derived from observable market interest rate curves and volatility. Our interest rate caps are classified as Level II in the fair value hierarchy and manage our exposure to variable cash flows on certain of our borrowings. As of December 31, 2022, we held one interest rate cap related to our term loan. As of September 30, 2023, we held one interest rate cap related to our construction financing which was purchased on September 26, 2023. Refer to Note 5 – Real Estate Owned and Note 11 – Derivatives for further detail.

The following table summarizes the levels in the fair value hierarchy into which our assets and liabilities with recurring fair value measurements were categorized as of September 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 ($ in thousands):


	Fair Value as of September 30, 2023								Fair Value as of December 31, 2022
	Level I		Level II		Level III		Total		Level I		Level II		Level III		Total
Recurring fair value measurements:
Foreign currency forward, net	$	—	$	91,790	$	—	$	91,790	$	—	$	119,499	$	—	$	119,499
Interest rate cap asset	—		2,247		—		2,247		—		9,141		—		9,141
Total financial instruments	$	—	$	94,037	$	—	$	94,037	$	—	$	128,640	$	—	$	128,640

Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements

We are required to record real estate owned, a nonfinancial asset, at fair value on a non-recurring basis in accordance with ASC 820. Under ASC 820, we may utilize the income, market or cost approach (or combination thereof) to determine the fair value of real estate owned. We deem the inputs used in these approaches to be significant unobservable inputs. Therefore, we classify the fair value of real estate owned within Level III of the fair value hierarchy.

On March 31, 2023, we acquired legal title of a hotel property in Atlanta, GA ("Atlanta Hotel") through a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. At the time of acquisition, we determined the fair value of the net real estate assets to be $75.0 million, using a combination of market and income approach. We utilized a discount rate and capitalization rate of 10.5% and 9.5%, respectively. During the three months ended June 30, 2023, the Atlanta Hotel's assets and liabilities were reclassified to held for sale and the fair value of the net real estate assets, less costs to sell, was in excess of our cost basis. We carry the Atlanta Hotel's assets and liabilities at the lower of our cost basis and the fair value less costs to sell on our condensed consolidated balance sheet. No impairments had been recorded as of September 30, 2023.

On August 3, 2022, we acquired legal title of a multifamily development property located in downtown Brooklyn, NY

("Brooklyn Development") through a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. We determined the fair value of the real estate assumed to be $270.1 million, based on the market value of the land at the time of acquisition. No impairments had been recorded as of September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022.

On May 24, 2021, we acquired legal title to a full-service luxury hotel in Washington D.C. ("D.C. Hotel") through a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. We assumed the D.C. Hotel's assets and liabilities, including a $110.0 million mortgage loan. We repaid the mortgage loan at par and hold the property unlevered. At the time of acquisition, we determined the fair value of the real estate assets to be $154.3 million. No impairments had been recorded as of September 30, 2023 or December 31, 2022.

Refer to "Note 5 – Real Estate Owned" for additional discussions

- Definition

The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information.

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