Note 4 – Commercial Mortgage Loans, Subordinate Loans and Other Lending Assets, Net

Our loan portfolio consisted of 96% and 99% floating rate loans, based on amortized cost, as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively.

Activity relating to our loan portfolio for the six months ended June 30, 2024 was as follows ($ in thousands):


	Principal Balance			Deferred Fees/Other Items			Specific CECL Allowance			Carrying Value, Net
December 31, 2023	$	8,610,110		$	(32,535	)	$	(193,000	)	$	8,384,575
New loan fundings		495,280			—			—			495,280
Add-on loan fundings(1)		437,838			—			—			437,838
Loan repayments and sale		(758,889	)		—			—			(758,889	)
Gain (loss) on foreign currency translation		(76,324	)		221			—			(76,103	)
Increase in Specific CECL Allowance, net		—			—			(149,500	)		(149,500	)
Realized loss on investment		(679	)		—			—			(679	)
Deferred fees and other items(2)		—			(18,540	)		—			(18,540	)
Amortization of fees		—			15,239			—			15,239
June 30, 2024	$	8,707,336		$	(35,615	)	$	(342,500	)	$	8,329,221
General CECL Allowance(3)											(35,319	)
Carrying value, net										$	8,293,902

(1)

Represents fundings subsequent to loan closing.

(2)

Other items primarily consist of purchase discounts or premiums, cost recovery interest, exit fees, and deferred origination expenses.

(3)

$3.6 million of the General CECL Allowance is excluded from this table because it relates to unfunded commitments and has been recorded as a liability under accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheet.

Property Type

The table below details the property type of the properties securing the loans in our portfolio at the dates indicated ($ in thousands):


	June 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
Property Type	Carrying Value			% of Portfolio(1)	Carrying Value			% of Portfolio(1)
Hotel	$	2,001,033		24.0%	$	2,128,256			25.4	%
Office		1,692,661		20.3		1,593,320			19.0
Retail		1,399,957		16.8		1,407,764			16.8
Residential		1,205,817		14.5		1,247,238			14.9
Mixed Use		512,937		6.2		679,303			8.1
Healthcare		500,563		6.0		511,803			6.1
Industrial		278,404		3.3		293,133			3.5
Other(2)		737,849		8.9		523,758			6.2
Total	$	8,329,221		100.0%	$	8,384,575			100.0	%
General CECL Allowance(3)		(35,319	)			(26,482	)
Carrying value, net	$	8,293,902			$	8,358,093

(1)

Percentage of portfolio calculations are made prior to consideration of General CECL Allowance.

(2)

Other property types include pubs (2.6%), caravan parks (2.4%), parking garages (2.3%) and urban predevelopment (1.6%) in 2024, and caravan parks (2.4%), parking garages (2.3%) and urban predevelopment (1.5%) in 2023.

(3)

$3.6 million and $4.0 million of the General CECL Allowance for 2024 and 2023, respectively, is excluded from this table because it relates to unfunded commitments and has been recorded as a liability under accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities in our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Geography

The table below details the geographic distribution of the properties securing the loans in our portfolio at the dates indicated ($ in thousands):


	June 30, 2024				December 31, 2023
Geographic Location	Carrying Value			% of Portfolio(1)	Carrying Value			% of Portfolio(1)
United Kingdom	$	2,818,068		33.8%	$	2,675,097			31.9	%
New York City		1,597,363		19.2		1,736,856			20.7
Other Europe(2)		1,432,136		17.2		1,686,425			20.1
Southeast		663,096		8.0		535,054			6.4
Midwest		506,226		6.1		522,137			6.2
West		509,774		6.1		484,842			5.8
Other(3)		802,558		9.6		744,164			8.9
Total	$	8,329,221		100.0%	$	8,384,575			100.0	%
General CECL Allowance(4)		(35,319	)			(26,482	)
Carrying value, net	$	8,293,902			$	8,358,093

(1)

Percentage of portfolio calculations are made prior to consideration of General CECL Allowance.

(2)

Other Europe includes Germany (7.2%), Italy (3.3%), Spain (3.2%), Sweden (2.8%), Ireland (0.5%) and the Netherlands (0.2%) in 2024 and Germany (7.4%), Italy (4.9%), Spain (4.2%), Sweden (2.9%), Ireland (0.5%) and the Netherlands (0.2%) in 2023.

(3)

Other includes Northeast (4.6%), Mid-Atlantic (2.2%), Southwest (1.7%) and Other (1.1%) in 2024 and Northeast (5.0%), Mid-Atlantic (1.1%), Southwest (1.7%) and Other (1.1%) in 2023.

(4)

We assess the risk factors of each loan and assign a risk rating based on a variety of factors, including, without limitation, loan to value ("LTV") ratio, debt yield, property type, geographic and local market dynamics, physical condition, cash flow volatility, leasing and tenant profile, loan structure and exit plan, and project sponsorship. We apply these various factors on a case-by-case basis depending on the facts and circumstances for each loan, and the different factors may be given different weightings in different situations. This review is performed quarterly. Based on a 5-point scale, our loans are rated "1" through "5," from less risk to greater risk, which ratings are defined as follows:

4. High risk/potential for loss: a loan that has a risk of realizing a principal loss

5. Impaired/loss likely: a loan that has a high risk of realizing principal loss, has incurred principal loss, or an impairment has been recorded

The following tables present the carrying value of our loan portfolio by year of origination and internal risk rating and gross write-offs by year of origination as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively ($ in thousands):


June 30, 2024
							Amortized Cost(1) by Year Originated
Risk Rating	Number of Loans		Total			% of Portfolio	2024		2023		2022		2021		2020		Prior
1		—	$	—		— %	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
2		4		479,843		5.8%		—		—		390,038		24,471		—		65,334
3		41		7,302,939		87.7%		490,664		639,886		1,849,832		2,199,747		394,094		1,728,716
4		2		420,049		5.0%		—		—		341,937		—		—		78,112
5		3		126,390		1.5%		—		—		—		—		27,881		98,509
Total		50	$	8,329,221		100.0%	$	490,664	$	639,886	$	2,581,807	$	2,224,218	$	421,975	$	1,970,671
General CECL Allowance(2)				(35,319	)
Total carrying value, net			$	8,293,902
Weighted-Average Risk Rating				3.0
Gross write-offs			$	—			$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—


December 31, 2023
									Amortized Cost(1) by Year Originated
Risk Rating	Number of Loans		Total			% of Portfolio			2023		2022		2021		2020		2019		Prior
1		—	$	—			—	%	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
2		4		478,440			5.7	%		—		280,572		—		—		132,309		65,560
3		42		7,548,252			90.0	%		440,720		2,426,511		2,285,902		387,323		1,465,618		542,177
4		2		88,112			1.1	%		—		—		—		—		—		88,112
5		2		269,771			3.2	%		—		—		—		169,881		—		99,890
Total		50	$	8,384,575			100.0	%	$	440,720	$	2,707,083	$	2,285,902	$	557,204	$	1,597,927	$	795,739
General CECL Allowance(2)				(26,482	)
Total carrying value, net			$	8,358,093
Weighted-Average Risk Rating				3.0
Gross write-offs			$	81,890					$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	81,890

(1)

Net of Specific CECL Allowance.

(2)

In accordance with ASC Topic 326 "Financial Instruments – Credit Losses" ("ASC 326"), which we refer to as the "CECL Standard," we record allowances for loans and held-to-maturity debt securities that are deducted from the carrying amount of the assets to present the net carrying value of the amounts expected to be collected on the assets. We record loan specific allowances as a practical expedient under the CECL Standard ("Specific CECL Allowance"), which we apply to assets that are collateral dependent and where the borrower or sponsor is experiencing financial difficulty. For the remainder of the portfolio, we record a general allowance ("General CECL Allowance," and together with the Specific CECL Allowance, "CECL Allowances") on a collective basis by assets with similar risk characteristics. We have elected to use the weighted-average remaining maturity ("WARM") method in determining a General CECL Allowance for a majority of our portfolio. In the future, we may use other acceptable methods, such as a probability-of-default/loss-given-default method.

The following schedule illustrates changes in CECL Allowances for the six months ended June 30, 2024 ($ in thousands):


	Specific CECL		General CECL Allowance							Total CECL		CECL Allowance as % of Amortized Cost
	Allowance(1)		Funded		Unfunded			Total		Allowance		General(1)			Total
December 31, 2023	$	193,000	$	26,482	$	4,017		$	30,499	$	223,499		0.38	%		2.61	%
Changes:
Allowances (Reversals), net(2)		142,000		6,076		(392	)		5,684		147,684
March 31, 2024	$	335,000	$	32,558	$	3,625		$	36,183	$	371,183		0.44	%		4.29	%
Changes:
Allowances (Reversals), net(3)		7,500		2,761		(3	)		2,758		10,258
June 30, 2024	$	342,500	$	35,319	$	3,622		$	38,941	$	381,441		0.47	%		4.40	%

(1)

Loans evaluated for Specific CECL Allowance are excluded from General CECL Allowance pool.

(2)

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, our General CECL Allowance increased by $5.7 million. The increase was primarily related to extending our expected loan repayment dates as well as an increase to the historical loss rate derived from Trepp's data. The increase was partially offset by the favorable impacts of portfolio seasoning. Additionally, during the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded an increase of $142.0 million to our Specific CECL Allowance. The increase was related to a mezzanine loan secured by the ultra-luxury residential property. Refer to discussion below.

(3)

During the three months ended June 30, 2024, our General CECL Allowance increased by $2.8 million primarily due to new loan originations as well as a more adverse outlook on our office portfolio. The increase was partially offset by the favorable impacts of portfolio seasoning. Additionally, during the three months ended June 30, 2024, we recorded an increase of $7.5 million to our Specific CECL Allowance. The increase was related to a mezzanine loan secured by an office building in Troy, MI. Refer to discussion below.

The following schedule illustrates changes in CECL Allowances for the six months ended June 30, 2023 ($ in thousands):


	Specific CECL			General CECL Allowance						Total CECL			CECL Allowance as % of Amortized Cost
	Allowance(1)			Funded		Unfunded		Total		Allowance			General(1)			Total
December 31, 2022	$	133,500		$	26,224	$	4,347	$	30,571	$	164,071			0.36	%		1.86	%
Changes:
Allowances(2)		—			4,043		348		4,391		4,391
March 31, 2023	$	133,500		$	30,267	$	4,695	$	34,962	$	168,462			0.42	%		1.95	%
Changes:
Allowances(3)		141,480			2,009		139		2,148		143,628
Write-offs(4)		(81,980	)		—		—		—		(81,980	)
June 30, 2023	$	193,000		$	32,276	$	4,834	$	37,110	$	230,110			0.46	%		2.70	%

(1)

Loans evaluated for Specific CECL Allowance are excluded from General CECL Allowance pool.

(2)

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, our General CECL Allowance increased by $4.4 million primarily due to an increase in our view of the remaining expected term of our loan portfolio. This increase was partially offset by the impact of portfolio seasoning and loan repayments and sales.

(3)

During the three months ended June 30, 2023, our General CECL Allowance increased by $2.1 million primarily due to a more adverse macroeconomic outlook and an increase in our view of the remaining expected term of certain of our loans. This increase was partially offset by the impact of portfolio seasoning. Additionally, during the three months ended June 30, 2023, we recorded an increase of $141.5 million to our Specific CECL Allowance. The increase was related to two mezzanine loans secured by the same ultra-luxury property. Refer to discussion below.

(4)

As of June 30, 2023, $82.0 million related to the most junior mezzanine loan secured by the ultra-luxury residential property was deemed unrecoverable. Accordingly, $82.0 million of previously recorded Specific CECL was written-off and recorded as a realized loss within net realized loss on investments in our June 30, 2023 condensed consolidated statement of operations. Refer to "Specific CECL Allowance" section below for further detail.

In determining the General CECL Allowance using the WARM method, an annual historical loss rate, adjusted for macroeconomic estimates, is applied to the amortized cost of an asset, or pool of assets, over each subsequent period for the assets' remaining expected life. We considered various factors including (i) historical loss experience in the commercial real estate lending market, (ii) timing of expected repayments and satisfactions, (iii) expected future funding, (iv) capital subordinate to us when we are the senior lender, (v) capital senior to us when we are the subordinate lender, and (vi) our current and future view of the macroeconomic environment for a reasonable and supportable forecast period. The CECL Standard requires the use of significant judgment to arrive at an estimated credit loss. There is significant uncertainty related to future macroeconomic conditions, including inflation, labor shortages and interest rates.

We derive an annual historical loss rate based on a commercial mortgage-backed securities ("CMBS") database with historical losses from 1998 through the second quarter of 2024 provided by a third party, Trepp LLC ("Trepp"). We apply various filters to arrive at a CMBS dataset most analogous to our current portfolio from which to determine an appropriate historical loss rate. The annual historical loss rate is further adjusted to reflect our expectations of the macroeconomic environment for a reasonable and supportable forecast period of eight quarters. In assessing the macroeconomic environment, we consider macroeconomic factors, including unemployment rate, commercial real estate prices, and market liquidity. We compare the historical data for each metric to historical commercial real estate losses in order to determine the correlation of the data. We use projections, obtained from third-party service providers, of each factor to approximate the impact the macroeconomic outlook may have on our loss rate.

The General CECL Allowance on subordinate loans is calculated by incorporating both the loan balance of the position(s) of the structurally senior third-party lender(s) and the balance of our subordinate loan(s). The subordinate loans, by virtue of being the first loss position, are required to absorb losses prior to the senior position(s) being impacted, resulting in a higher percentage allowance attributable to the subordinate loan. The General CECL Allowance on unfunded loan commitments is time-weighted based on our expected commitment to fund such obligations. The General CECL Allowance on unfunded commitments is recorded as a liability on our condensed consolidated balance sheets within accounts payable, accrued expenses and other liabilities.

Additionally, we have made an accounting policy election to exclude accrued interest from the amortized cost basis of the related commercial mortgage loans and subordinate loans and other lending assets in determining the General CECL Allowance, as any uncollectible accrued interest receivable is written off in a timely manner. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, accrued interest receivable was $75.0 million and $72.4 million, respectively, and included within other assets on our condensed consolidated balance sheets.

Although our secured debt obligations and senior secured term loan financing have a minimum tangible net worth maintenance covenant, the General CECL Allowance has no impact on these covenants as we are permitted to add back the General CECL Allowance for the computation of tangible net worth as defined in the respective agreements.

For collateral-dependent loans where we have deemed the borrower/sponsor to be experiencing financial difficulty and a more than moderate/average risk of realizing a principal loss, we have elected to apply a practical expedient in accordance with the CECL Standard in which the fair value of the underlying collateral is compared to the amortized cost of the loan in determining a Specific CECL Allowance. The Specific CECL Allowance is determined as the difference between the fair value of the underlying collateral and the carrying value of the loan (prior to the Specific CECL Allowance). When the repayment or satisfaction of a loan is dependent on a sale, rather than operations, of the collateral, the fair value is adjusted for the estimated cost to sell the collateral. Collateral-dependent loans evaluated for a Specific CECL Allowance are removed from the General CECL Allowance pool. The fair value of the underlying collateral is determined by using method(s) such as discounted cash flow, the market approach, or direct capitalization approach. The key unobservable inputs used to determine the fair value of the underlying collateral may vary depending on the information available to us and market conditions as of the valuation date.

We regularly evaluate the extent and impact of any credit migration associated with the performance and/or value of the underlying collateral property as well as the financial and operating capability of the borrower/sponsor on a loan-by-loan basis. The Specific CECL Allowance is evaluated on a quarterly basis. Specifically, a property's operating results and any cash reserves are analyzed and used to assess (i) whether cash from operations is sufficient to cover the debt service requirements currently and into the future, (ii) the ability of the borrower to refinance the loan and/or (iii) the liquidation value of the underlying collateral. We also evaluate the financial wherewithal of any loan guarantors as well as the borrower's competency in managing and operating the properties. In addition, we consider the overall economic environment, real estate sector and geographic sub-market in which the borrower operates. Such impairment analysis is completed and reviewed by asset management and finance personnel who utilize various data sources, including (i) periodic financial data such as debt service coverage ratio, property occupancy, tenant profile, rental rates, operating expenses, the borrower's exit plan, and capitalization and discount rates, (ii) site inspections and (iii) current credit spreads and discussions with market participants.

For the six months ended June 30, 2024, we recorded an increase in our Specific CECL Allowance of $149.5 million, related to two of our subordinate loans. During the three months ended June 30, 2024, we recorded a Specific CECL Allowance of $7.5 million on a subordinate loan secured by our interest in a Class A office building in Troy, MI, which was attributable to low occupancy and limited leasing activity in the property's submarket. The loan's risk rating was downgraded from a four to a five and the loan was moved to non-accrual status as of June 30, 2024. As of June 30, 2024, the borrower was compliant with all contractual debt service payments. As discussed further below, we recorded an additional $142.0 million Specific CECL Allowance on our Junior Mezzanine A Loan (as defined below), during the three months ended March 31, 2024.

We cease accruing interest on loans if we deem the interest to be uncollectible with any previously accrued uncollected interest on the loan charged to interest income in the same period. The amortized cost basis, net of Specific CECL Allowance, for loans on non-accrual was $461.5 million and $693.7 million as of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, respectively. Under certain circumstances, we may apply the cost recovery method under which interest collected on a loan reduces the loan's amortized cost. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2024, we received $0.8 million and $1.4 million, respectively, in interest that reduced amortized cost under the cost recovery method compared to $0.7 million and $1.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively.

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the amortized cost basis, net of Specific CECL Allowance, for loans with accrued interest past due 90 or more days was $461.5 million and $693.7 million, respectively. As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, there were no loans with accrued interest between 30 and 89 days past due.

During the twelve months ended June 30, 2024, we provided the following loan modifications that require disclosure pursuant to ASC 326.

In May 2021, we originated a first mortgage loan secured by a multifamily property in Cleveland, OH. In April 2024, we modified our loan to convert from a floating rate of Secured Overnight Financing Rate ("SOFR") + 3.25% to a 6.0% fixed rate, and to provide a two year term extension. These modified terms are included in the determination of our general CECL reserve for the quarter ended June 30, 2024. The loan is performing pursuant to its modified contractual terms and its risk rating remains a three as of June 30, 2024.

In March 2022, we originated a first mortgage loan secured by an office property in Manhattan, NY. In April 2024, we modified our loan to convert from a floating rate of SOFR + 3.92% to a 5.0% fixed rate. This modified term is included in the determination of our general CECL reserve for the quarter ended June 30, 2024. The loan is performing pursuant to its modified contractual terms and its risk rating remains a three as of June 30, 2024.

In March 2018, we originated a first mortgage loan secured by an office property in Chicago, IL. In July 2023, we modified our loan to provide a two year term extension (and a six-month extension option) in exchange for a partial repayment. These modified terms are included in the determination of our general CECL reserve for the quarter ended June 30, 2024. The loan is performing pursuant to its contractual terms and its risk rating remains a four as of June 30, 2024.

In August 2022, we refinanced three of our mezzanine loans (a senior mezzanine loan ("Senior Mezzanine Loan") and two junior mezzanine loans ("Junior Mezzanine A Loan" and "Junior Mezzanine B Loan" collectively referred to as "Junior Mezzanine Loan")), and originated a commercial mortgage loan ("Senior Loan") as part of an overall recapitalization. All of the loans are secured by an ultra-luxury residential property in Manhattan, NY.

In refinancing the Senior Mezzanine Loan and Junior Mezzanine Loan, we modified the loan terms with the borrower to include an interest rate reduction and two year extension of the term on all three loans. Based on our analysis under ASC Topic 310-20 "Receivables – Nonrefundable Fees and Other Costs" ("ASC 310-20"), we have deemed this refinance to be a continuation of our existing loans.

During 2022, sales velocity on the underlying property lagged behind the borrower's business plan and management's expectations. Based on this information and broader uncertainty across the ultra-luxury residential property market, we recorded a total loan Specific CECL Allowance of $66.5 million on the Junior Mezzanine B Loan and downgraded its risk rating to a five.

As property sales continued to trail behind the borrower's business plan during the first half of 2023, we ceased accruing interest on the Senior Loan and the Senior Mezzanine Loan as of May 1, 2023. During the second quarter of 2023, we deemed the $82.0 million Junior Mezzanine B Loan to be unrecoverable and therefore wrote off our mezzanine loan and recorded a realized loss of $82.0 million within net realized loss on investments in our condensed consolidated statement of operations. We also recorded a $126.0 million Specific CECL Allowance on the Junior Mezzanine A Loan and downgraded its risk rating to a five.

During the three months ended March 31, 2024, we recorded an additional $142.0 million Specific CECL Allowance on our Junior Mezzanine A Loan. The additional Specific CECL Allowance was primarily attributable to a reduction in list pricing of remaining units and slower sales pace at the property. The slower sales velocity coincided with the continued overall softening in the midtown Manhattan ultra-luxury submarket. Any future change to the Specific CECL Allowance will be based upon a number of factors, including but not limited to the continued assessment of both the potential nominal value of remaining inventory as well as the expected sales velocity.

During the three months ended June 30, 2024, our Senior Loan was refinanced by a third party lender, which resulted in a repayment of $108.3 million. The remaining Senior Loan balance was restructured into a subordinate loan ("Senior Mezzanine A Loan"), and extended by fourteen months to November 2025. Concurrently, the maturities of the Senior Mezzanine Loan and the Junior Mezzanine A Loan were extended to November 2025. All three loans remain on non-accrual status subsequent to the refinancing. Based on our analysis under ASC 310-20, we have deemed this refinance to be a continuation of our existing loans.

The modified loan terms as discussed above have been reflected in our calculation of CECL for the three months ended June 30, 2024. Refer to the "CECL" section above for additional information regarding our calculation of CECL Allowances.

As of June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023, the aggregate amortized cost basis of these modified receivables was $441.1 million and $674.5 million, respectively, or 5.3% and 8.0% of our aggregate commercial mortgage loans and subordinate loans by amortized cost, respectively. There were no unfunded commitments as of both June 30, 2024 and December 31, 2023 related to these loans.

We recognized $0.7 million and $0.8 million accelerated fees for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024 and $0.2 million for both the three and six months ended June 30, 2023.

During the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, we recorded $1.3 million and $2.5 million, respectively, of interest income related to a subordinate risk retention interest in a securitization vehicle. The subordinate risk retention interest was repaid in full during the third quarter of 2023.

During the three months ended March 31, 2023, we received £72.2 million ($88.4 million assuming conversion into U.S. Dollars ("USD")) full repayment of one of our commercial mortgage loans secured by an office property in London, UK, including all default interest accrued to date, which was approximately $0.7 million. In conjunction with the repayment, the related participation interest sold was also fully satisfied. Refer to "Note 12 – Participations Sold" for additional detail.

From time to time, we may enter into sale transactions with other parties. All sale transactions are evaluated in accordance with ASC Topic 860, "Transfers and Servicing" ("ASC 860").

During the three months ended June 30, 2024, we sold a commercial mortgage loan collateralized by a hotel property located in Honolulu, HI. The loan was previously classified as held for sale and was sold at a price of 99.5%. Upon selling the commercial mortgage loan, we reversed the previously recorded valuation allowance and recorded a realized loss of $0.7 million included within realized loss on investments on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2024.

During the first quarter of 2023, we sold our entire interests in three commercial mortgage loans secured by various properties in Europe, with aggregate commitments of €205.7 million ($219.0 million assuming conversion into USD, of which €115.0 million or $122.4 million assuming conversion into USD, was funded at the time of sale). Additionally, we sold a partial interest of £15.0 million ($18.2 million assuming conversion into USD) in a commercial mortgage loan secured by a mixed-use property located in London, United Kingdom. These sales were made to entities managed by affiliates of the Manager. We evaluated the transaction under ASC 860 and determined the sale of our entire interests and the sale of the partial interest met the criteria for sale accounting. In connection with these sales, we recorded a net gain of approximately $0.2 million within net realized loss on investments on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2023.