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Fair Value Disclosure | 9 Months Ended
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Sep. 30, 2025
Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract] |
Fair Value Disclosure | Note 3 – Fair Value Disclosure GAAP establishes a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on the observability of the inputs utilized in measuring financial instruments at fair value. Market-based or observable inputs are the preferred source of values, followed by valuation models using management's assumptions in the absence of market-based or observable inputs. The three levels of the hierarchy as noted in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") Topic 820, "Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures" ("ASC 820") are described below: Level I — Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level II — Prices are determined using other significant observable inputs. Observable inputs are inputs that other market participants would use in pricing a security. These may include quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk and others. Level III — Prices are determined using significant unobservable inputs. In situations where quoted prices or observable inputs are unavailable (for example, when there is little or no market activity for an investment at the end of the period), unobservable inputs may be used. While we anticipate that our valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with valuation methods used by other market participants, the use of different methodologies or assumptions to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. We use inputs that are current as of the measurement date, which may include periods of market dislocation, during which price transparency may be reduced. Forward Currency Contracts The fair values of foreign exchange ("Fx") forwards are determined by comparing the contracted forward exchange rate to the current market exchange rate. The current market exchange rates are determined by using market spot rates, forward rates, and interest rate curves for the underlying countries. Our Fx forwards are classified as Level II in the fair value hierarchy. Interest Rate Hedging Instruments The fair values of our interest rate caps are determined by using the market standard methodology of discounting the future expected cash receipts that occur when variable interest rates rise above the strike rates of the interest rate caps. The variable interest rates used in the calculation of projected receipts on the interest rate caps are based on a third-party expert's expectation of future interest rates derived from observable market interest rate curves and volatility. Our interest rate caps are classified as Level II in the fair value hierarchy and manage our exposure to variable cash flows on certain of our borrowings. As of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, we held two interest rate caps: one related to financing on a full service luxury hotel in Washington D.C. ("D.C. Hotel") and one related to our construction financing on a multifamily development property in Brooklyn, NY ("Brooklyn Multifamily Development"). Refer to "Note 5 – Real Estate Owned" and "Note 10 – Derivatives" for further detail. Loans and Other Lending Assets Held for Sale Loans and other lending assets are classified as held for sale if there is an intent to sell them in the short-term following the reporting date. These loans are recorded at the lower of amortized cost or fair value, less selling costs, unless the fair value option was elected at the time of origination. If the loan's fair value, less selling costs, is determined to be less than its amortized cost, a fair value adjustment may be recorded through a valuation allowance. Changes in the valuation allowance are recorded within our consolidated statement of operations in the period in which the change occurs. The fair value of loans held for sale may be estimated using sales of comparable loans as supported by independent market data, or a contractually negotiated sales price. We consider the inputs used to calculate the fair value of loans held for sale as unobservable inputs. Accordingly, we classify the fair value of loans held for sale within Level III of the fair value hierarchy. As of December 31, 2024, we held a promissory note classified as held for sale. T he note's fair value was equal to its amortized cost of $41.2 million and no valuation allowance was recorded. During the second quarter of 2025, we recorded a fair value adjustment of $1.2 million (representing the difference between the note’s amortized cost and the note’s fair value as of June 30, 2025), which was included within Valuation allowance, loans and other lending assets held for sale on our condensed consolidated statement of operations. The note was subsequently sold during the third quarter of 2025 at a price of 97.0%, upon which we reversed the valuation allowance and recorded an equivalent realized loss within realized loss on investments on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2025. During the second quarter of 2024, we sold a commercial mortgage loan collateralized by a hotel property located in Honolulu, HI. The loan was previously classified as held for sale and was sold at a price of 99.5%. We recorded a realized loss of $0.7 million within realized loss on investments on our condensed consolidated statement of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2024. The following table summarizes the levels in the fair value hierarchy into which our assets and liabilities with recurring fair value measurements were categorized as of September 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024 ($ in thousands):
|  | Fair Value as of September 30, 2025 |  |  | Fair Value as of December 31, 2024 |
|  | Level I |  |  | Level II |  |  | Level III |  |  | Total |  |  | Level I |  |  | Level II |  |  | Level III |  |  | Total |
Recurring fair value measurements: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency forwards, net |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (30,970 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (30,970 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 57,753 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 57,753 |
Interest rate cap assets |  |  | — |  |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 37 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 416 |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 416 |
Note receivable, held for sale |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | — |  |  |  | 41,200 |  |  |  | 41,200 |
Total financial instruments |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (30,933 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | (30,933 | ) |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 58,169 |  |  | $ | 41,200 |  |  | $ | 99,369 |
Non-recurring Fair Value Measurements Real Estate Owned Property acquired through foreclosure or deed-in-lieu of foreclosure is classified as real estate owned and recognized at fair value on our condensed consolidated balance sheet upon acquisition in accordance with ASC Topic 805, "Business Combinations" ("ASC 805"). We are required to record real estate owned, a nonfinancial asset, at fair value on a non-recurring basis in accordance with ASC 820. Under ASC 820, we may utilize the income, market, or cost approach (or combination thereof) to determine the fair value of real estate owned. We deem the inputs used in these approaches to be significant unobservable inputs. Therefore, we classify the fair value of real estate owned within Level III of the fair value hierarchy. On March 31, 2023, we acquired legal title of a hotel property in Atlanta, GA ("Atlanta Hotel") through a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. At the time of acquisition, we determined the fair value of the net real estate assets to be $75.0 million, using a combination of market and income approaches. We utilized a discount rate and capitalization rate of 10.5% and 9.5%, respectively. During the second quarter of 2023, the Atlanta Hotel's assets and liabilities were reclassified to held for sale and the fair value of the net real estate assets, less costs to sell, was in excess of our cost basis. During the first quarter of 2024, we determined that the sale to a third party from whom we received an unsolicited offer was no longer probable, and we were not actively marketing the property for sale. Therefore, the Atlanta Hotel no longer met the criteria for held for sale and was reclassified to real estate owned, held for investment. No impairments had been recorded as of September 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024. On August 3, 2022, we acquired legal title of the Brooklyn Multifamily Development through a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. We determined the fair value of the real estate assumed to be $270.1 million, based on the market value of the land at the time of acquisition. No impairments had been recorded as of September 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024. On May 24, 2021, we acquired legal title to the D.C. Hotel through a deed-in-lieu of foreclosure. We assumed the D.C. Hotel's assets and liabilities, including a $110.0 million mortgage loan which we repaid at par. At the time of acquisition, we determined the fair value of the real estate assets to be $154.3 million. No impairments had been recorded as of September 30, 2025 or December 31, 2024. Refer to "Note 5 – Real Estate Owned" for additional discussion.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (bbb)(1) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 107 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 100 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(3) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2E -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (f) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (d) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (g) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 940 -SubTopic 820 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1 + Details
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