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Income Taxes (Tables)

12 Months Ended

Dec. 31, 2022

Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]

Summary of Components of Income Tax Provision

The components of the income tax provision (benefit) are as follows (in thousands):

		December 31,
		2022				2021				2020
Federal:
Current		$	38,877			$	41,592			$	(16,610	)
Deferred			(19,679	)			(20,373	)			28,719
			19,198				21,219				12,109
State:
Current			2,700				16,888				(2,954	)
Deferred			(3,092	)			(10,866	)			7,573
			(392	)			6,022				4,619
Total		$	18,806			$	27,241			$	16,728

Schedule of Differences Between Effective Rate and United States Federal Income Tax Statutory Rate

The differences between the effective rate and the United States federal income tax statutory rate are as follows:

		December 31,
		2022				2021				2020
Tax at statutory rate			21.00	%			21.00	%			21.00	%
State income tax, net of federal benefit			1.53				4.72				24.34
Non-deductible expenses			1.48				3.42				60.44
Equity compensation adjustments			1.35				0.77				98.61
Change in accrual estimates relating to    uncertain tax positions			(3.28	)			(1.08	)			4.22
Change in valuation allowance			1.72				(0.26	)			23.67
Other, net			(0.69	)			(0.46	)			1.71
Change in tax law		─					(7.97	)		─
Income tax provision			23.11	%			20.14	%			233.99	%

Significant Components of Deferred Income Tax Assets and Liabilities

All of the Company’s deferred tax assets and liabilities are classified as long-term. The significant components of deferred income tax assets and liabilities are as follows (in thousands):

		December 31,
		2022				2021
Allowance for uncollectible accounts		$	152,526			$	135,280
Reserves and accruals			66,969				55,549
Stock-based compensation			3,694				3,303
Operating loss and other carryforwards			28,773				29,045
Capital loss carryforwards			422,793				428,805
Operating lease assets			19,096				18,960
Property and equipment			2,481				1,967
Other			256				686
Deferred tax assets before valuation    allowance			696,588				673,595
Less: Valuation allowance			(429,260	)			(441,529	)
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation    allowance			267,328				232,066
Gross deferred tax liabilities:
Amortization			(176,398	)			(168,505	)
Operating lease liabilities			(16,510	)			(16,439	)
Other			(2,133	)			(187	)
Total deferred tax liabilities			(195,041	)			(185,131	)
Net deferred tax assets		$	72,287			$	46,935

Schedule of Activity Related to Gross Unrecognized Tax Benefits

The following table summarizes the activity related to the Company’s liability for uncertain tax positions for the years ended December 31, 2022, 2021 and 2020 (in thousands):

		Years Ended December 31,
		2022				2021				2020
Balance at beginning of year		$	4,928			$	6,168			$	7,409
Increases (decreases) related to prior year tax    positions			379				—				(1,041	)
Increases related to current year tax    positions			800				900				100
Decreases related to divestitures			—				—				(300	)
Decreases related to lapse of statutes    of limitation			(3,269	)			(2,140	)			—
Balance at end of year		$	2,838			$	4,928			$	6,168

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Tabular disclosure of the components of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for each year presented including, but not limited to: current tax expense (benefit), deferred tax expense (benefit), investment tax credits, government grants, the benefits of operating loss carryforwards, tax expense that results from allocating certain tax benefits either directly to contributed capital or to reduce goodwill or other noncurrent intangible assets of an acquired entity, adjustments of a deferred tax liability or asset for enacted changes in tax laws or rates or a change in the tax status of the entity, and adjustments of the beginning-of-the-year balances of a valuation allowance because of a change in circumstances that causes a change in judgment about the realizability of the related deferred tax asset in future years.

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Tabular disclosure of the components of net deferred tax asset or liability recognized in an entity's statement of financial position, including the following: the total of all deferred tax liabilities, the total of all deferred tax assets, the total valuation allowance recognized for deferred tax assets.

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Tabular disclosure of the reconciliation using percentage or dollar amounts of the reported amount of income tax expense attributable to continuing operations for the year to the amount of income tax expense that would result from applying domestic federal statutory tax rates to pretax income from continuing operations.

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Tabular disclosure for tax positions taken in the tax returns filed or to be filed for which it is more likely than not that the tax position will not be sustained upon examination by taxing authorities and other income tax contingencies. Includes, but is not limited to, interest and penalties, reconciliation of unrecognized tax benefits, unrecognized tax benefits that would affect the effective tax rate, tax years that remain subject to examination by tax jurisdictions, and information about positions for which it is reasonably possible that amounts unrecognized will significantly change within 12 months.

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