LOANS AND ALLOWANCE FOR CREDIT LOSSES

Schedule that reconciles the contractually receivable and carrying amounts of loans


December 31, (in thousands)	2024		2023

Contractually receivable	$	5,445,531	$	5,246,621
Unearned income		(2,932)		(2,556)
Unamortized premiums		184		1,060
Unaccreted discounts		(1,619)		(2,533)
Other net unamortized deferred origination (fees) and costs		(1,698)		(2,731)
Carrying value of loans	$	5,439,466	$	5,239,861

Schedule of activity in the ACLL for loan and lease losses


	ACLL Roll-forward
	Years Ended December 31,
	2024												2023
	Beginning				Charge-				Ending			Beginning		CBank				Charge-				Ending
(in thousands)	Balance		Provision		offs		Recoveries		Balance			Balance		Adjustment*		Provision		offs		Recoveries		Balance

Traditional Banking:
Residential real estate:
Owner-occupied	$	10,337	$	450	$	(62)	$	124	$	10,849	$	8,909		$	—	$	1,303	$	(26)	$	151	$	10,337
Nonowner-occupied		3,047		1,089		—		4		4,140		2,831			—		213		—		3		3,047
Commercial real estate		25,830		(3,611)		—		337		22,556		23,739			—		1,997		—		94		25,830
Construction & land development		6,060		2,167		—		—		8,227		4,123			—		1,937		—		—		6,060
Commercial & industrial		4,236		(1,686)		(27)		4		2,527		3,976			—		137		—		123		4,236
Lease financing receivables		1,061		179		(205)		82		1,117		110			216		866		(141)		10		1,061
Aircraft		625		(60)		—		—		565		449			—		176		—		—		625
Home equity		5,501		1,901		(64)		40		7,378		4,628			—		872		(2)		3		5,501
Consumer:
Credit cards		1,074		489		(256)		72		1,379		996			—		176		(162)		64		1,074
Overdrafts		694		647		(847)		230		724		726			—		667		(896)		197		694
Automobile loans		32		(46)		—		25		11		87			—		(32)		(37)		14		32
Other consumer		501		1,732		(2,002)		52		283		135			—		386		(87)		67		501
Total Traditional Banking		58,998		3,251		(3,463)		970		59,756		50,709			216		8,698		(1,351)		726		58,998
Warehouse lines of credit		847		527		—		—		1,374		1,009			—		(162)		—		—		847
Total Core Banking		59,845		3,778		(3,463)		970		61,130		51,718			216		8,536		(1,351)		726		59,845

Republic Processing Group:
Tax Refund Solutions:
Refund Advances		3,929		29,886		(32,555)		8,533		9,793		3,797			—		22,492		(25,823)		3,463		3,929
Other TRS commercial & industrial loans		61		97		(137)		47		68		91			—		67		(128)		31		61
Republic Credit Solutions		18,295		20,625		(19,239)		1,306		20,987		14,807			—		16,529		(13,912)		871		18,295
Total Republic Processing Group		22,285		50,608		(51,931)		9,886		30,848		18,695			—		39,088		(39,863)		4,365		22,285

Total	$	82,130	$	54,386	$	(55,394)	$	10,856	$	91,978	$	70,413		$	216	$	47,624	$	(41,214)	$	5,091	$	82,130

* The net fair value adjustment to ACLL includes an estimate of lifetime credit losses for Purchased Credit Deteriorated loans.


	ACLL Roll-forward
	Year Ended December 31, 2022
	Beginning		Provision		Charge-				Ending
(in thousands)	Balance		for Credit Loss		offs		Recoveries		Balance

Traditional Banking:
Residential real estate:
Owner-occupied	$	8,647	$	181	$	(21)	$	102	$	8,909
Nonowner-occupied		2,700		129		—		2		2,831
Commercial real estate		23,769		(308)		(9)		287		23,739
Construction & land development		4,128		(5)		—		—		4,123
Commercial & industrial		3,487		218		—		271		3,976
Lease financing receivables		91		19		—		—		110
Aircraft		357		92		—		—		449
Home equity		4,111		396		—		121		4,628
Consumer:
Credit cards		934		140		(155)		77		996
Overdrafts		683		866		(1,038)		215		726
Automobile loans		186		(111)		(3)		15		87
Other consumer		314		(151)		(94)		66		135
Total Traditional Banking		49,407		1,466		(1,320)		1,156		50,709
Warehouse lines of credit		2,126		(1,117)		—		—		1,009
Total Core Banking		51,533		349		(1,320)		1,156		51,718

Republic Processing Group:
Tax Refund Solutions:
Refund Advances		—		10,471		(11,505)		4,831		3,797
Other TRS commercial & industrial loans		96		(516)		(154)		665		91
Republic Credit Solutions		12,948		12,081		(11,390)		1,168		14,807
Total Republic Processing Group		13,044		22,036		(23,049)		6,664		18,695

Total	$	64,577	$	22,385	$	(24,369)	$	7,820	$	70,413

Schedule of recorded investment in non-accrual loans


					Past Due 90-Days-or-More
	Nonaccrual				and Still Accruing Interest*
December 31, (in thousands)	2024		2023		2024		2023

Traditional Banking:
Residential real estate:
Owner-occupied	$	17,331	$	15,056	$	—	$	—
Nonowner-occupied		81		64		—		—
Commercial real estate		1,223		850		—		—
Construction & land development		—		—		—		—
Commercial & industrial		860		1,221		—		—
Lease financing receivables		147		—		—		—
Aircraft		56		—		—
Home equity		2,359		1,948		—		—
Consumer:
Credit cards		—		—		—		—
Overdrafts		—		—		—		—
Automobile loans		5		10		—		—
Other consumer		557		1		—		—
Total Traditional Banking		22,619		19,150		—		—
Warehouse lines of credit		—		—		—		—
Total Core Banking		22,619		19,150		—		—

Republic Processing Group:
Tax Refund Solutions:
Refund Advances		—		—		—		—
Other TRS commercial & industrial loans		—		—		—		—
Republic Credit Solutions		—		—		141		1,468
Total Republic Processing Group		—		—		141		1,468

Total	$	22,619	$	19,150	$	141	$	1,468

* Loans past due 90-days-or-more and still accruing consist of smaller balance consumer loans.

Year Ended

As of December 31, 2024

December 31, 2024

Nonaccrual

Total

Interest Income

Loans with

Loans without

Nonaccrual

Recognized

(in thousands)

ACLL

Loans

on Nonaccrual Loans*

Residential real estate:

Owner-occupied

$

688

$

16,643

$

17,331

$

1,207

Nonowner-occupied

25

56

81

15

Commercial real estate

704

519

1,223

152

Construction & land development

—

Commercial & industrial

726

134

860

30

Lease financing receivables

—

147

—

Aircraft

—

56

—

Home equity

—

2,359

327

Consumer

562

—

562

132

Total

$

2,705

$

19,914

$

22,619

$

1,863

* Includes interest income for loans on nonaccrual loans as of the beginning of the period that were paid off during the period.


							Year Ended
	As of December 31, 2023						December 31, 2023
	Nonaccrual		Nonaccrual			Total	Interest Income
	Loans with		Loans without			Nonaccrual	Recognized
(in thousands)	ACLL		ACLL			Loans	on Nonaccrual Loans*

Residential real estate:
Owner-occupied	$	376	$	14,680	$	15,056	$	954
Nonowner-occupied		20		44		64		15
Commercial real estate		850		—		850		191
Construction & land development		—		—		—		—
Commercial & industrial		1,221		—		1,221		26
Lease financing receivables		—		—		—		—
Aircraft		—		—		—		—
Home equity		—		1,948		1,948		184
Consumer		8		3		11		6
Total	$	2,475	$	16,675	$	19,150	$	1,376

* Includes interest income for loans on nonaccrual as of the beginning of the period that were paid off during the period.

Schedule of amortized cost basis of collateral-dependent loans


	December 31, 2024				December 31, 2023				December 31, 2022
	Secured		Secured		Secured		Secured		Secured		Secured
	by Real		by Personal		by Real		by Personal		by Real		by Personal
(in thousands)	Estate		Property		Estate		Property		Estate		Property

Traditional Banking:
Residential real estate:
Owner-occupied	$	23,116	$	—	$	18,602	$	—	$	18,057	$	—
Nonowner-occupied		414		—		64		—		150		—
Commercial real estate		1,210		—		870		—		1,041		—
Construction & land development		—		—		—		—		—		—
Commercial & industrial		859		—		1,273		—		—		—
Lease financing receivables		—		504		—		108		—		—
Aircraft		—		758		—		—		—		210
Home equity		2,513		—		2,008		—		967		—
Consumer		—		563		—		13		—		26
Total Traditional Banking	$	28,112	$	1,825	$	22,817	$	121	$	20,215	$	236

Schedule of financing receivable, loan modification


	Total Loan Modification by Type
	Years Ended December 31, 2024
	Accruing			Nonaccruing
(dollars in thousands)	Loans (#)	Recorded investment ($)		Loans (#)	Recorded investment ($)

Term extension	1	$	48	1	$	263
Principal deferral	491	$	553	—	$	—
Combination- term extension and rate reduction	—	$	—	1	$	150
Total Loan Modifications	492	$	601	2	$	413


	Total Loan Modification by Type
	Years Ended December 31, 2023
	Accruing			Nonaccruing
(dollars in thousands)	Loans (#)	Recorded investment ($)		Loans (#)	Recorded investment ($)

Term extension	—	$	—	1	$	158
Principal deferral	199	$	48	23	$	1,684
Total Loan Modifications	199	$	48	24	$	1,842

Schedule of financing receivable modified past due


	Accruing Loan Modifications
	At December 31, 2024
			30-89 Days		90+ Days
(in thousands)	Current		Past Due		Past Due

Residential real estate:
Owner occupied	$	10	$	—	$	—
Nonowner occupied		—		—		—
Commercial & industrial		72		—		—
Aircraft		390		—		—
Republic Processing Group		129		—		—
Total accruing loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty in which modifications were made in the twelve months ended December 31, 2024	$	601	$	—	$	—


	Nonaccruing Loan Modifications
	At December 31, 2024
			30-89 Days		90+ Days
(in thousands)	Current		Past Due		Past Due

Residential real estate:
Owner-occupied	$	150	$	—	$	—
Nonowner occupied		—		—		263
Home equity		—		—		—
Total nonaccruing loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty in which modifications were made in the twelve months ended December 31, 2024	$	150	$	—	$	263



	Accruing Loan Modifications
	At December 31, 2023
			30-89 Days		90+ Days
(in thousands)	Current		Past Due		Past Due

Residential real estate:
Owner occupied	$	—	$	—	$	—
Nonowner occupied		—		—		—
Commercial & industrial		—		—		—
Aircraft		—		—		—
Republic Processing Group		48		—		—
Total accruing loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty in which modifications were made in the twelve months ended December 31, 2023	$	48	$	—	$	—


	Nonaccruing Loan Modifications
	At December 31, 2023
			30-89 Days		90+ Days
(in thousands)	Current		Past Due		Past Due

Residential real estate:
Owner-occupied	$	856	$	—	$	277
Nonowner occupied		—		—		—
Home equity		650		34		25
Total nonaccruing loan modifications to borrowers experiencing financial difficulty in which modifications were made in the twelve months ended December 31, 2023	$	1,506	$	34	$	302

Schedule of recorded investment in consumer mortgage loans secured by residential real estate properties

Schedule of early season refund advances


	Years Ended
	December 31,
(dollars in thousands)	2024			2023			2022

Early Season Refund Advances outstanding	$	138,614		$	103,115		$	97,505
Net charge to the Provision for outstanding Early Season Refund Advances		9,793			3,931			3,797
Provision to total Early Season Refund Advances outstanding		7.06	%		3.81	%		3.89	%

December 31, (in thousands)

Recorded investment in consumer residential real estate mortgage loans in the process of foreclosure