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<!--XBRL Document Created with Wdesk from Workiva-->
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CurrentForeignTaxExpenseBenefit" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current Foreign Tax Expense (Benefit)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_EuropeanCommissionsECMember_3865cfe5-36f3-4bf3-bc84-b2127d623703_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_EuropeanCommissionsECMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">European Commissions ("EC")</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeAvailableforsaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_504c9af0-5947-4170-b00f-9405b01cdcb4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeAvailableforsaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unrealized loss on marketable securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeAvailableforsaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeAvailableforsaleSecuritiesAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Available-for-Sale Securities Adjustment, Net of Tax, Portion Attributable to Parent</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_0afa1756-9da3-4d25-b2a8-418d67187bbe_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total cash equivalents</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InvestmentsFairValueDisclosure" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Investments, Fair Value Disclosure</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital_fd396441-625b-4eef-8adc-4c3a3f59b9c4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdditionalPaidInCapital" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Additional paid-in capital</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_srt_RangeMember_85073c5d-f231-49b1-987d-e3bd67a58fda_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RangeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Range [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_RangeMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RangeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statistical Measurement [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised_1e5feed6-652b-4bc2-b67d-63744d20ec09_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesStockOptionsExercised" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Exercised (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_e249b722-8801-4ced-8efb-0ced2dbd2322_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other items, net</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherNoncashIncomeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other Noncash Income (Expense)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_32b951c6-3a15-479f-8155-acafa02ead6e_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_efd7c08f-f6db-4494-bf38-50e2156442c4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net loss</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_c70727c1-a813-4d62-855d-38f45d89365c_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net income</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetIncomeLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net Income (Loss) Attributable to Parent</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable_7505c431-2f10-4b96-8812-3479a2d7c5e4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Lease, Description [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Lease, Description [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeFinanceLeasesTextBlock_36fe4653-377e-4a82-afdf-7889c041a126_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeFinanceLeasesTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Leases</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeFinanceLeasesTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeFinanceLeasesTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Finance Leases [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LesseeFinanceLeasesTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeFinanceLeasesTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LesseeFinanceLeasesTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LesseeFinanceLeasesTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_9f8592b6-7bde-4c30-8495-71ad43420531_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_OperatingAndFinanceLeaseWriteOff_233d6b53-0530-4913-8ec9-d7e2fd03df97_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_OperatingAndFinanceLeaseWriteOff" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Right-of-use assets expensed, net of credits received</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_OperatingAndFinanceLeaseWriteOff_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_OperatingAndFinanceLeaseWriteOff" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating and Finance Lease, Write-off</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_OperatingAndFinanceLeaseWriteOff_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_OperatingAndFinanceLeaseWriteOff" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating and Finance Lease, Write-off</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_OperatingAndFinanceLeaseWriteOff" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_OperatingAndFinanceLeaseWriteOff"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_OperatingAndFinanceLeaseWriteOff" xlink:to="lab_nvax_OperatingAndFinanceLeaseWriteOff" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain_20b66a25-8c9e-46f9-9b44-8ef10f089a5c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Component [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Equity Component [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EquityComponentDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain_5b722ea2-ab39-4358-90c2-c673fde2aa73_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event Type [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventTypeDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsLineItems_068b5e7a-88dd-4df4-b5e8-b7494e8879c3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible assets:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Acquired Finite-Lived Intangible Assets [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AcquiredFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_e726171e-7f39-4019-bdb1-139ed30c1c2f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Leases</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Operating Leases [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LesseeOperatingLeasesTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionLineItems_8f4e4835-a9ee-4242-b304-1a6ff746a45b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lessee, Lease, Description [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LesseeLeaseDescriptionLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax_3919ff2b-07b5-41c7-8a5f-01c2a6f2ef5f_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency translation adjustment</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Foreign Currency Translation Adjustment, Net of Tax</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossForeignCurrencyTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_5533e008-c338-4fc4-885f-21418e27ed2e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Plan Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Plan Name [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PlanNameAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract_f5f79a7f-c9eb-46fa-8c99-03d93c67ea58_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-lived intangible assets:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNetAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_a05160e5-25b3-4322-b39e-21be2dbab754_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Supplemental Cash Flow Information [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SupplementalCashFlowInformationAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_ce1c0629-945f-4352-b282-3dbd96a477ab_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Canceled (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Forfeitures in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsForfeituresInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments_5cb28103-a4e2-4094-a649-1c262a0e6af3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of business segments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of Operating Segments</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NumberOfOperatingSegments" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain_148fdc77-43ce-4ab4-a033-eaa52f8b7a39_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Plan Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Plan Name [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PlanNameDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PlanNameDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_cff754cd-5402-46e6-adcc-0e75b9324508_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Cash Flows [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfCashFlowsAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProprietaryAdjuvantTechnologyMember_79d1eedd-3a61-44cb-b92f-97330897e80d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProprietaryAdjuvantTechnologyMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Proprietary adjuvant technology</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProprietaryAdjuvantTechnologyMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProprietaryAdjuvantTechnologyMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Proprietary Adjuvant Technology [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ProprietaryAdjuvantTechnologyMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ProprietaryAdjuvantTechnologyMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Proprietary Adjuvant Technology</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ProprietaryAdjuvantTechnologyMember" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_ProprietaryAdjuvantTechnologyMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ProprietaryAdjuvantTechnologyMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ProprietaryAdjuvantTechnologyMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember_3cd8e342-8b78-4666-b80e-db203ec61ac0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">ESPP</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_4cb0e82c-14fb-4566-824a-0b0b4c7a20b7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Award Type [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AwardTypeAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Award Type [Axis]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock_78225559-889a-4c17-8af1-c5d59f4ec659_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BasisOfPresentationAndSignificantAccountingPoliciesTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Summary of Significant Accounting Policies</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_TwoThousandFiveStockIncentivePlanMember_51d902ff-d5c6-48be-935a-9716f95a5e3d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_TwoThousandFiveStockIncentivePlanMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2005&#160;Plan</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract_123446d3-57b8-48ca-9feb-cb73a6706101_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasicAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">&#8203;Weighted average number of common shares outstanding</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities_482cd511-d935-4985-ae4d-914893745094_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInOperatingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable_d9e2e50b-be17-45f6-a544-d17721fa64f2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfEmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationAllocationOfRecognizedPeriodCostsTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-based Payment Arrangement, Expensed and Capitalized, Amount [Table]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract_3ed7c328-d8ff-4e53-8483-27b3bbfff47e_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expenses:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Costs and Expenses [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpensesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_GrantsUSGovernmentContractAndJointVentureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_GrantsUSGovernmentContractAndJointVentureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Grants, U.S. Government Contract and Joint Venture [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities_0fb60fd5-e252-43e3-8d77-a9e6aee76d1a_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total liabilities</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Liabilities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_2c88bcd6-e6cc-4065-8f9d-ddd2ac0da4ef_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Events</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_6aa4c3bd-8d46-4cfe-98ad-2bf5f4e41a0a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Document Period End Date</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentPeriodEndDate"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockIssuedIssuanceCosts_98e85eb6-9354-4ff4-8b6e-7199ff1c305f_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockIssuedIssuanceCosts" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Issuance of common stock, issuance costs</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockIssuedIssuanceCosts_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockIssuedIssuanceCosts" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Adjustments to Additional Paid in Capital, Stock Issued, Issuance Costs</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockIssuedIssuanceCosts" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockIssuedIssuanceCosts"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockIssuedIssuanceCosts" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AdjustmentsToAdditionalPaidInCapitalStockIssuedIssuanceCosts" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Assets_462a7e79-1927-45f4-95ae-8236a3291724_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Assets_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_Assets"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_Assets" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock_77fd6171-cbc5-4f0a-a605-d4a12b3dbd3b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Increase (Decrease) In Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services, and Deferred Revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Increase (Decrease) In Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services, and Deferred Revenue [Table Text Block]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ScheduleOfIncreaseDecreaseInAccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract_3fad0538-af39-4059-abb1-ef030061f8c4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_fe6908c4-0199-45a2-8749-4efdf72b4036_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net income (loss) per share:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Earnings Per Share [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_b3410636-2d7d-4784-93bf-f4ee791e70a0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement Location [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement Location [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsAndMethodologyAbstract_4a280c38-4e9d-44b0-a75f-bab4ed67e94a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsAndMethodologyAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsAndMethodologyAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsAndMethodologyAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsAndMethodologyAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsAndMethodologyAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentDeductions_e1d5f988-98b2-4a25-bab2-b8ac14338c21_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentDeductions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deductions</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentDeductions_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentDeductions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Revenue, Current, Deductions</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentDeductions_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentDeductions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Revenue, Current, Deductions</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentDeductions" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentDeductions"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentDeductions" xlink:to="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentDeductions" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_USGovernmentPartnershipMember_92203a90-0d06-4533-bece-3d61f66e123f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_USGovernmentPartnershipMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">U.S. government partnership (&#8220;OWS&#8221;)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_USGovernmentPartnershipMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_USGovernmentPartnershipMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">US Government Partnership [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_USGovernmentPartnershipMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_USGovernmentPartnershipMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">US Government Partnership</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_USGovernmentPartnershipMember" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_USGovernmentPartnershipMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharesIssued_afab732d-5df5-4629-be05-a4db93bad54b_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharesIssued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Balance beginning (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharesIssued_ebfd9223-b167-434a-831a-e3be33cef945_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharesIssued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Balance ending (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharesIssued_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharesIssued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Shares, Issued</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SharesIssued" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SharesIssued" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_e9213a33-b175-4ddc-9940-3d6bd6eadf11_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued expenses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accrued Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccruedLiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_52c85ef9-3725-465a-b980-d2c6bbc62855_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Exercised (in usd per share)</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisesInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_1b7bf5e0-0054-4b61-be91-5432e0dac139_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by financing activities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivities" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity Note [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock_fe01de07-db28-4d9d-b665-c96377c10f91_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedPaymentAwardStockOptionsValuationAssumptionsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Assumptions Used in Estimation of Fair Value of Stock</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognizedPeriodForRecognition1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock_5f5c4608-ddd8-4345-8e79-c9b7b8106448_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfFiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of identifiable intangible assets</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Issued During Period, Shares, New Issues</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockIssuedDuringPeriodSharesNewIssues" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock_e786ba3d-fae9-44f8-bc8d-64c49eb0274c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Events</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Events [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventsTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_A700Q0AgreementMember_9d33c2c8-44a4-4995-a7ea-a8700c80ad37_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_A700Q0AgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">700Q0 Agreement</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_A700Q0AgreementMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_A700Q0AgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">700Q0 Agreement [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_A700Q0AgreementMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_A700Q0AgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">700Q0 Agreement</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_A700Q0AgreementMember" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_A700Q0AgreementMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_A700Q0AgreementMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_A700Q0AgreementMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate_64def278-ca00-4552-b8dd-eff80e53c16a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Dividend yield</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Dividend Rate</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedDividendRate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_4f4d1ed5-9a88-422c-91f1-6b57fdf872b8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Currency translation adjustments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Goodwill, Foreign Currency Translation Gain (Loss)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GoodwillForeignCurrencyTranslationGainLoss" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_4b5aea40-2b1c-4d80-8e55-7acd13f5d4c1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, City or Town</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityAddressCityOrTown" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_3db8647e-aa3c-42fb-985f-9d2998ce129f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Leases [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Leases [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LeasesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LeasesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationUsGovernmentAgreementAndJointVentureAbstract_4b620f72-d68c-4dda-9ffd-c8796b4f6f2b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationUsGovernmentAgreementAndJointVentureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">U.S. Government Agreements, Grants and Licenses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationUsGovernmentAgreementAndJointVentureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationUsGovernmentAgreementAndJointVentureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">U.S. Government Agreements, Grants and Licenses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationUsGovernmentAgreementAndJointVentureAbstract_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationUsGovernmentAgreementAndJointVentureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">No definition available.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CollaborationUsGovernmentAgreementAndJointVentureAbstract" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_CollaborationUsGovernmentAgreementAndJointVentureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CollaborationUsGovernmentAgreementAndJointVentureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CollaborationUsGovernmentAgreementAndJointVentureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ReceivablesNetCurrentAdditions_efacd624-074b-475f-bbb5-1d7d26f39aeb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ReceivablesNetCurrentAdditions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Additions</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ReceivablesNetCurrentAdditions_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ReceivablesNetCurrentAdditions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Receivables, Net, Current, Additions</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ReceivablesNetCurrentAdditions_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ReceivablesNetCurrentAdditions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Receivables, Net, Current, Additions</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ReceivablesNetCurrentAdditions" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_ReceivablesNetCurrentAdditions"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ReceivablesNetCurrentAdditions" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ReceivablesNetCurrentAdditions" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain_aefe451e-e9a5-457e-ac9f-a08ccf579001_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Asset Class [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Asset Class [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsMeasuredOnRecurringBasisUnobservableInputReconciliationByAssetClassDomain" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_MinimumMember_1969e3ed-be9e-4fca-a499-dc55765f522d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_MinimumMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_MinimumMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_MinimumMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_MinimumMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_MinimumMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_MinimumMember" xlink:to="lab_srt_MinimumMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_a8bfd22d-715b-4a15-a884-3a3836fa4947_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted cash</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted Cash and Cash Equivalents, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract_0d27d659-443b-4f3e-bc71-82e258f33433_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Financial Position [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfFinancialPositionAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_cf971abe-4480-4e4c-8218-73a3975ee47c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Emerging Growth Company</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityEmergingGrowthCompany" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaborative Arrangement</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CollaborativeArrangementAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_e67b6f55-1eea-476b-9541-6701607f8d54_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, par value per share (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Par or Stated Value Per Share</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockParOrStatedValuePerShare" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SupplyCommitmentArrangementMember_ce0449f4-4c18-412c-8ab1-00ac27801e09_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplyCommitmentArrangementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Supply Commitment Arrangement [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SupplyCommitmentArrangementMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SupplyCommitmentArrangementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Supply Commitment Arrangement [Domain]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SupplyCommitmentArrangementMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SupplyCommitmentArrangementMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_da26f013-a2b0-4358-8a1c-f8e44a0139f1_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Taxes</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Tax Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock_31c1538e-5797-495b-9954-31aeea00d419_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfGoodwillTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of goodwill</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet_a00908a9-902e-4835-9261-9c3faa74085e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InterestPaidNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash interest payments</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic_7ce46762-1753-4841-985a-2f998c44d562_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EarningsPerShareBasic" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Basic (in usd per share)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock_5a4478bd-dfeb-47c1-83a9-06ecd1dff3f0_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRestrictedCashAndCashEquivalentsTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock_1ccad03f-be26-416d-b66c-24458732ca28_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain_bb550810-872c-442c-abb2-9616f303ca1a_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_RepurchaseAgreementCounterpartyNameDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Counterparty Name [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember_7e9d1cab-c508-4259-9f35-568739acd4f2_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_TreasuryStockMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Treasury Stock</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity_874780bd-de33-4e28-a756-026058439eea_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquity" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total stockholders&#8217; deficit</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseRightOfUseAsset" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember_b6ceb727-f9d3-4830-8080-c4c719858028_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Product sales</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Product [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProductMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProductMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_1b1b1028-84d8-46b8-85a0-b75e7edd381c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">AOCI Attributable to Parent [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FacilityNumberOfSquareFeet_0fa4f976-7734-4918-a22c-bdd3e8c192e4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FacilityNumberOfSquareFeet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Facility, number of square feet</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FacilityNumberOfSquareFeet_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FacilityNumberOfSquareFeet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Facility Number of Square Feet</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_FacilityNumberOfSquareFeet_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_FacilityNumberOfSquareFeet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Facility Number of Square Feet</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_FacilityNumberOfSquareFeet" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_FacilityNumberOfSquareFeet"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_FacilityNumberOfSquareFeet" xlink:to="lab_nvax_FacilityNumberOfSquareFeet" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_BillMelindaGatesFoundationMember_534e25e3-6f04-437f-a9b0-ee0a507e89e5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_BillMelindaGatesFoundationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation (&#8220;BMGF&#8221;)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_BillMelindaGatesFoundationMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_BillMelindaGatesFoundationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Bill Melinda Gates Foundation [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_BillMelindaGatesFoundationMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_BillMelindaGatesFoundationMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Represents information pertaining to grant agreement with Bill &amp; Melinda Gates Foundation.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_BillMelindaGatesFoundationMember" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_BillMelindaGatesFoundationMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_BillMelindaGatesFoundationMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_BillMelindaGatesFoundationMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseExpense_243cf595-cf89-408a-8f1f-94425bbc084e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Lease expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Lease, Expense</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingLeaseExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OperatingLeaseExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets_a0e6fea3-1a43-41b2-9cb9-61e5cd859fab_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Capital expenditures</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Payments to Acquire Productive Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_PaymentsToAcquireProductiveAssets" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport_f147c847-4e8f-4d31-a5ae-d9ff9693d73d_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Document Transition Report</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_DocumentTransitionReport"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:to="lab_dei_DocumentTransitionReport" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_bb3593ff-c694-4e43-9fb1-6e9f9955f070_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Local Phone Number</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_LocalPhoneNumber"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:to="lab_dei_LocalPhoneNumber" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_7a826fa2-b677-4a09-a72d-2def28adfa01_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Option and Appreciation Rights Activity</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Option, Activity [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationStockOptionsActivityTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_0d7c49d6-70ef-47d5-9c4d-0feae3c5b4e1_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income (loss) from operations</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Operating Income (Loss)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_OperatingIncomeLoss" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_3da32f8e-5714-431a-8e81-c6320a07d791_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Inventories</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInInventories" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_09eb22fd-ffb4-4ea8-a070-5ff2cbaf3c24_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible notes payable</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible Notes Payable, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleNotesPayableCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_89157bfa-d834-45f2-a8c3-68e56ab7d698_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Recent Accounting Pronouncements</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">New Accounting Pronouncements, Policy [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NewAccountingPronouncementsPolicyPolicyTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesToBeDistributed_6035b66a-5a25-41e4-b66b-13261ca3e152_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesToBeDistributed" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of doses of vaccine to be distributed</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesToBeDistributed_cbf76105-7394-4e8f-b1ac-4a2668644d0d_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesToBeDistributed" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of doses to be distributed</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesToBeDistributed_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesToBeDistributed" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase Agreement, Number of Doses, To Be Distributed</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesToBeDistributed_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesToBeDistributed" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase Agreement, Number of Doses, To Be Distributed</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesToBeDistributed" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesToBeDistributed"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesToBeDistributed" xlink:to="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesToBeDistributed" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_a6224192-21f6-4938-a709-5bbf524f0fb8_negatedLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts receivable, prepaid expenses, and other assets</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Increase (Decrease) in Prepaid Expense and Other Assets</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_IncreaseDecreaseInPrepaidDeferredExpenseAndOtherAssets" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_14c9f4cd-af2d-4ad3-964a-0e0a6b13c8ba_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares outstanding (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Shares, Outstanding</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesOutstanding" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill_3d962980-14f5-4038-8693-319412654347_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_Goodwill" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Beginning balance</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum_ee364904-5b6f-421e-9fec-ab644e5286eb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Volatility, minimum</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedVolatilityRateMinimum"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock_0dd0f83e-89f0-4279-ba20-0d061a33cd38_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfInventoryCurrentTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Inventory, Current</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_BilledContractReceivables_0265f85f-de17-4746-8b09-9f578700693b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_BilledContractReceivables" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Billed contracts receivable</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1_455a558b-efc1-462d-b543-09fb9716fe8f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Expected term (in years)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsExpectedTerm1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Expected Term</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember_c13875a0-dbbb-4562-8d17-0bd1f5da5dc7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ArrangementsAndNonarrangementTransactionsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Arrangements and Non-arrangement Transactions [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentAndNonCurrent_1e76a291-5b53-43a8-936b-8e11eb83a339_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentAndNonCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue, beginning balance</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentAndNonCurrent_9af03626-521f-45d9-b8ff-5d1e92656e09_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentAndNonCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue, ending balance</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentAndNonCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueCurrentAndNonCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Revenue Current and Non Current</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue_5263e8dc-5e83-4fe5-8be3-7d8bb7dd7a14_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, $0.01 par value, 600,000,000 shares authorized at June 30, 2022 and December 31, 2021; and 78,776,234 shares issued and 78,166,935 shares outstanding at June 30,&#160;2022 and 76,433,151 shares issued and 75,841,171 shares outstanding at December&#160;31,&#160;2021</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common Stock, Value, Issued</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesCancelled_d13242ed-a07d-4736-85ea-465227ec6bb4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesCancelled" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of doses, cancelled</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesCancelled_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesCancelled" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Purchase Agreement, Number of Doses, Cancelled</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesCancelled" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesCancelled"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesCancelled" xlink:to="lab_nvax_PurchaseAgreementNumberOfDosesCancelled" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AmendedAndRestatedUKSupplyAgreementMember_c73c62ac-a76f-4e5a-9602-0ebc10a0bbb9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AmendedAndRestatedUKSupplyAgreementMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amended and Restated UK Supply Agreement</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_AmendedAndRestatedUKSupplyAgreementMember" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_AmendedAndRestatedUKSupplyAgreementMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue_48c5c1a1-0eb5-46ab-9a24-fc6373805a40_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted stock units granted (in usd per share)</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardOptionsExercisableIntrinsicValue1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost_89621bd4-03af-4dc8-bfd8-9a8a8843dbba_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Short-term lease expense</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShortTermLeaseCost" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents_f8cba05c-7ef8-462e-95cd-9fec95efca71_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash at beginning of period</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashCashEquivalentsRestrictedCashAndRestrictedCashEquivalents" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_InterestExpenseRelatedToConvertibleNotesTableTextBlock_a057bcf1-ed03-4148-9572-e0e33c286874_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_InterestExpenseRelatedToConvertibleNotesTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of interest expense</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_b18fa0b0-4dc4-4a6f-aaba-885a1bcaedbe_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current liabilities:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Current [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrentAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised_9e293121-a580-41f5-9c5f-8796a78eee1c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromStockOptionsExercised" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net proceeds from the exercise of stock-based awards</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued_1bc80851-7086-47ea-a639-5728d5ca80e6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesIssued" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares issued (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent_3aeea294-52e0-41e1-8e2c-f8b18da7ffd1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred revenue</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseInterestExpense_28e94473-4f15-479d-bb1d-953b18bd3eb9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseInterestExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Interest expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseInterestExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseInterestExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finance Lease, Interest Expense</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid_47c92579-a8da-4394-837a-df463082218c_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CapitalExpendituresIncurredButNotYetPaid" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Capital expenditures included in accounts payable and accrued expenses</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationDomain_453eb15b-4ff1-4e3d-bc89-549d91c62c05_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeStatementLocationDomain" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Income Statement Location [Domain]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable_0957141a-6d89-4b9b-bc10-397c14b32afb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Convertible notes payable</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ConvertibleLongTermNotesPayable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent_393508d3-f9d4-4096-b51c-53deea5f1704_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Current portion of finance lease liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finance Lease, Liability, Current</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FinanceLeaseLiabilityCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems_1ed3e366-9ea4-40ca-b062-3330a1774ba8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair value:</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisLineItems"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag_0966074e-6ce1-4265-a4d7-602cf2ef7a2f_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_AmendmentFlag" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amendment Flag</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_GaviAdvancePurchaseAgreementSIIPLMember_b80a70c0-68da-4b34-9a77-67873516ec44_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_GaviAdvancePurchaseAgreementSIIPLMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gavi Advance Purchase Agreement SIIPL</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_GaviAdvancePurchaseAgreementSIIPLMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_GaviAdvancePurchaseAgreementSIIPLMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Gavi Advance Purchase Agreement SIIPL</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities_fb61fd24-68a1-4fec-8931-a13ab9204e5c_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInInvestingActivities" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_da340fd3-afdd-41ec-8096-41327039150c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Face amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_516cbc4a-6b58-48f2-97bd-0243f0c8deb0_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Principal amount of Notes</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Debt Instrument, Face Amount</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentFaceAmount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_3656ccbc-5d7a-4946-886f-277f222103c8_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive loss</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax, Attributable to Parent</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_5ce3395e-dab5-4598-b9fc-cbb5b2fa362e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCurrentReportingStatus" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Current Reporting Status</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod_691da0df-1561-4b9a-9ba2-5ae61f36a1d2_negatedNetLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsForfeitedInPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedNetLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Restricted stock units forfeited (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense_11f45277-c570-4706-bf3b-c0b4813cf758_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherNonoperatingIncomeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other income (expense)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized_884a07dd-83a2-4f21-ae51-6e7fe1361148_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommonStockSharesAuthorized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Common stock, shares authorized (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract_fce6e0e5-5344-44a5-9799-1fb0a8fe5944_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfIncomeAndComprehensiveIncomeAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Comprehensive Income [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_srt_MaximumMember_90ffad11-3835-416a-abd1-805b5ff98b64_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_MaximumMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_MaximumMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_MaximumMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Maximum [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_MaximumMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_MaximumMember"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueRollForward_36cfaddc-a3dc-4654-a3fc-59b5db5a6507_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services and Deferred Revenue [Roll Forward]</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_AccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueRollForward_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_AccountsReceivableUnbilledServicesAndDeferredRevenueRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts Receivable, Unbilled Services and Deferred Revenue</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_5c112ee3-d981-46fc-960c-46530f58233b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated other comprehensive loss</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss), Net of Tax</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AccumulatedOtherComprehensiveIncomeLossNetOfTax" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GrantMember_4f975575-7ac6-4375-8fe6-6a73966b32ab_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GrantMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Grants</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GrantMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GrantMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Grant [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GrantMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_GrantMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GrantMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GrantMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_c71c579d-d9f9-4fc9-9a3c-527f83c9ac83_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_90dd044c-7ae2-486b-b481-9046be2ea5e7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and cash equivalents</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsAtCarryingValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents, at Carrying Value</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_06b345e4-8465-4c4f-a3cb-df4c8884fad1_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Semi-finished goods</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryWorkInProcess" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Work in Process, Gross</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent_389c9529-d476-414f-96b3-dafcfe05d7c9_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total current assets</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet_83e546c9-2ef9-4a18-9ade-abb5efd858e5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_IncomeTaxesPaidNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash paid for income taxes</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized_7859befd-a295-411f-8874-9a1a4cf2d71c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Milestone payment recognized</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ContractWithCustomerLiabilityRevenueRecognized"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntitySmallBusiness_4c20946a-3ec9-466d-b864-a9ad373121cb_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntitySmallBusiness_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Small Business</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntitySmallBusiness"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntitySmallBusiness" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_0fe0b9b7-f6c9-406c-ad21-72a67c737221_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity (Deficit)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity Note Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_StockholdersEquityNoteDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract_fca26261-5c88-44c5-8543-8b40f09908f4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue:</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenues [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RevenuesAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_f8cefb0a-dfa1-42f5-9bcb-adaf8c93a08a_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Intangible Assets,&#160;Net</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsNet" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_f1aac04b-c6e1-4d17-94a6-164d0bdfb70b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction, period</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligationExpectedTimingOfSatisfactionPeriod1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock_83782542-edc6-40df-80c0-d54c08c7e0c5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cost of Sales</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cost of Goods and Service [Policy Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CostOfSalesPolicyTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract_1ccbb09e-3fb9-4f9f-9ff0-66d904716638_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Revenue Increase (Decrease) [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Revenue Increase (Decrease) [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deferred Revenue Increase (Decrease)</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:to="lab_nvax_DeferredRevenueIncreaseDecreaseAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized_9e792a24-9696-476c-9290-f4704d37500e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unrecognized compensation expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Nonvested Award, Cost Not yet Recognized, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_EmployeeServiceShareBasedCompensationNonvestedAwardsTotalCompensationCostNotYetRecognized" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss_e8e4261e-6764-488b-96a6-ed497696d556_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Firm purchase commitment loss</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory, Firm Purchase Commitment, Loss</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryFirmPurchaseCommitmentLoss" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward_7bd4dee1-539c-4a7d-ba28-119f6d710cce_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stock Options</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding [Roll Forward]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingRollForward" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_bcd9c158-b5dc-4151-af6b-3a4b2b00888c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Aggregate intrinsic value, outstanding</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Outstanding, Intrinsic Value</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingIntrinsicValue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_Security12bTitle_d085b84f-2912-4a80-871c-b2349b6dbdc9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_Security12bTitle_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Title of 12(b) Security</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_Security12bTitle"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:to="lab_dei_Security12bTitle" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPaymentAmount_804ceb0d-7b11-4dcf-b3bb-0682f85b532c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPaymentAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration agreement upfront payment amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPaymentAmount_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPaymentAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Agreement Upfront Payment Amount</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPaymentAmount_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPaymentAmount" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration Agreement Upfront Payment Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPaymentAmount" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPaymentAmount"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPaymentAmount" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementUpfrontPaymentAmount" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_dbf7e311-6c3e-40c9-94cc-d8a6ea634694_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total expenses</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Costs and Expenses</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CostsAndExpenses" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems_7a647950-0769-42b8-8ba8-88f15f613500_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent events</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Subsequent Event [Line Items]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SubsequentEventLineItems" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressCountry_792bb6b2-ebd9-41bb-a168-168b7807f850_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressCountry_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Country</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressCountry"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityAddressCountry" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo_5cb025d1-ef4c-46da-bde0-7b01f8bc931c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2024</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Two</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearTwo" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_22b7e23b-43bc-4ea4-afd2-2f057dcf566e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS&#8217; DEFICIT</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities and Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesAndStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent_2631944d-2cc3-4a4d-81a2-4472cbeceece_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Foreign currency translation adjustment</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_OtherComprehensiveIncomeForeignCurrencyTransactionAndTranslationAdjustmentNetOfTaxPortionAttributableToParent"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award, Options, Grants in Period, Weighted Average Exercise Price</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantsInPeriodWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable_f93ffe86-fcae-4ee6-b194-66ebe9e357e4_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Recurring and Nonrecurring [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value, Recurring and Nonrecurring [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueAssetsAndLiabilitiesMeasuredOnRecurringAndNonrecurringBasisTable"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet_121cb479-16d0-4c0f-8c6f-6f2b865dc576_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Inventory</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet_6ab4aa26-9291-4640-a97c-1845aeddaa1b_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total inventory</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_InventoryNet" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent_120ee3dc-b0f6-4abf-9bff-5e1d08c3c196_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AccountsPayableCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Accounts payable</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract_8764e595-9ebd-45ee-a7cc-00f8fabe7f7d_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other comprehensive income (loss):</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ComprehensiveIncomeNetOfTaxAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_3e9c10aa-dcf6-48c4-bee0-a8dc435ce7c8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Organization and Business</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Nature of Operations [Text Block]</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NatureOfOperations" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory_e07cc468-a013-4710-8b2e-9f847a3a46a8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Filer Category</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityFilerCategory"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityFilerCategory" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock_b885d969-b411-4697-bd73-d26bb75366ea_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Net proceeds from sales of common stock</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ProceedsFromIssuanceOfCommonStock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_1e21b0bc-ed2b-45e2-8de7-41c409a6c231_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Basic (in shares)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Weighted Average Number of Shares Outstanding, Basic</link:label>
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    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_WeightedAverageNumberOfSharesOutstandingBasic" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementsMember_f57296ba-fc5d-4678-8b3a-8a1328bf87d7_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration agreements</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementsMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration agreements [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementsMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementsMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration agreements</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_CollaborationAgreementsMember" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_CollaborationAgreementsMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_CollaborationAgreementsMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_CollaborationAgreementsMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract_8f0196fd-f4aa-4779-99a9-84fdafbd8ccb_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Fair Value Disclosure [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesFairValueDisclosureAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_a89a9565-2ead-41f6-97e9-a83ab49ade90_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total stock-based compensation expense</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Payment Arrangement, Expense</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AllocatedShareBasedCompensationExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies_24e4485b-e82e-4d96-becb-fbc787c46980_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Commitments and contingencies (Note 14)</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CommitmentsAndContingencies" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName_e578cf57-bcb6-4942-b33d-e19f9c77d688_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Security Exchange Name</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_SecurityExchangeName"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:to="lab_dei_SecurityExchangeName" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_55cedc79-2e6c-4aeb-81ff-c4e15c126b3a_periodStartLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodStartLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding, beginning balance (in usd per share)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice_c3aff785-1b5d-4e29-a543-743e6a989310_periodEndLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/periodEndLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Outstanding, ending balance (in usd per share)</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsOutstandingWeightedAverageExercisePrice" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member_85817bd8-6262-4ece-b8ab-07dc56d81f3c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueInputsLevel3Member" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Level 3</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm_722f23eb-5e42-4f6d-b797-0ed66529d724_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_DebtInstrumentTerm" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Term</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_51e22956-ae0a-434b-83a1-8726c7ab3fe6_totalLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/totalLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Total current liabilities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Liabilities, Current</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_LiabilitiesCurrent" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum_8677d31a-de76-4403-a0bc-bb8dde27b3b8_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Risk-free interest rate, minimum</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Risk Free Interest Rate, Minimum</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMinimum" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ReceivablesCurrentNetDeductions_bfa3dee6-7227-4eb7-a564-b368c26879af_negatedTerseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ReceivablesCurrentNetDeductions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2009/role/negatedTerseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Deductions</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ReceivablesCurrentNetDeductions_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ReceivablesCurrentNetDeductions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Receivables, Current, Net, Deductions</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ReceivablesCurrentNetDeductions_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ReceivablesCurrentNetDeductions" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Receivables, Current, Net, Deductions</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_ReceivablesCurrentNetDeductions" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_ReceivablesCurrentNetDeductions"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_ReceivablesCurrentNetDeductions" xlink:to="lab_nvax_ReceivablesCurrentNetDeductions" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_3ea09055-6e30-4428-b304-5466a114c57e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amount of transaction price not yet satisfied</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Amount</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_RevenueRemainingPerformanceObligation" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod_66818036-2fd5-4954-98d4-f2b07d968e48_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Term (in years)</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Expiration Period</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_SharebasedCompensationArrangementBySharebasedPaymentAwardExpirationPeriod" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember_82f7d2bd-33ce-4d61-b393-5d1c5417424b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate debt securities</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Corporate Debt Securities [Member]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CorporateDebtSecuritiesMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract_fae92612-2334-43b2-b173-aebde16500b9_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Other income (expense):</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Nonoperating Income (Expense) [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_NonoperatingIncomeExpenseAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMaximum_e08cf592-46ad-4d5e-87a5-6c1e7c997633_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMaximum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Risk-free interest rate, maximum</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMaximum_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMaximum" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Fair Value Assumptions, Risk Free Interest Rate, Maximum</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMaximum" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMaximum"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMaximum" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardFairValueAssumptionsRiskFreeInterestRateMaximum" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTableTextBlock_091df579-d4db-458e-bd54-d6177c2a8e3c_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Revenue by Major Customers by Reporting Segments</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTableTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Revenue by Major Customers by Reporting Segments [Table Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTableTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfRevenueByMajorCustomersByReportingSegmentsTableTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_2a38d33a-9ddb-4517-822b-7ebf5cd1ec95_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Address, Address Line One</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:to="lab_dei_EntityAddressAddressLine1" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LongTermSupplyAgreementIncrementalBorrowingRate_bad4dfcd-53f7-4b66-8e38-3dba999fefc6_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LongTermSupplyAgreementIncrementalBorrowingRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long-term supply agreement, incremental borrowing rate</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LongTermSupplyAgreementIncrementalBorrowingRate_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LongTermSupplyAgreementIncrementalBorrowingRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long Term Supply Agreement, Incremental Borrowing Rate</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_LongTermSupplyAgreementIncrementalBorrowingRate_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_LongTermSupplyAgreementIncrementalBorrowingRate" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Long Term Supply Agreement, Incremental Borrowing Rate</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_LongTermSupplyAgreementIncrementalBorrowingRate" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_LongTermSupplyAgreementIncrementalBorrowingRate"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_LongTermSupplyAgreementIncrementalBorrowingRate" xlink:to="lab_nvax_LongTermSupplyAgreementIncrementalBorrowingRate" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue_2749f7fd-39be-47df-b95f-33c61442d255_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cost of sales</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cost of Revenue</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CostOfRevenue"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CostOfRevenue" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_80053268-4615-48a4-a925-051235aba45e_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Product and Service [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/srt/2022/elts/srt-2022.xsd#srt_ProductOrServiceAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:to="lab_srt_ProductOrServiceAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_RoyaltiesAndOtherMember_f2810eed-22e8-47f0-b5e5-f36e2281b089_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_RoyaltiesAndOtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Royalties and other</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_RoyaltiesAndOtherMember_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_RoyaltiesAndOtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Royalties and Other [Member]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_RoyaltiesAndOtherMember_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_RoyaltiesAndOtherMember" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Royalties and Other</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_RoyaltiesAndOtherMember" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_RoyaltiesAndOtherMember"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_nvax_RoyaltiesAndOtherMember" xlink:to="lab_nvax_RoyaltiesAndOtherMember" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable_4a0308a2-7e4d-4a8d-8f81-f3437be2e8be_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unbilled contracts receivable</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Unbilled Contracts Receivable</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_UnbilledContractsReceivable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract_6d28c274-c62e-44d1-9090-f19ba5be6963_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Fair Value Disclosures [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FairValueDisclosuresAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems_e0672ed2-da4d-4710-ad3d-fce9b7fd1566_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stockholders' Equity</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_SubsidiarySaleOfStockLineItems"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent_20e1d3d5-2480-4d93-bd91-82ebbb9f4b14_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Minimum grant price, percent of common stock fair value</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share Based Compensation Arrangement By Share Based Payment Award Options Grant Date Exercise Price Minimum Percent</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardOptionsGrantDateExercisePriceMinimumPercent" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">The minimum grant-date exercise price of incentive stock options granted as a percent of the common stock share price.</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_fa038dfb-09cf-479b-93dd-ab2f59e88046_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash, Cash Equivalents, and Restricted Cash</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Cash and Cash Equivalents Disclosure [Text Block]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CashAndCashEquivalentsDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive_e181dee2-b25d-4b3d-b10e-6ec3c391e995_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">2027</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Asset, Expected Amortization, Year Five</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsAmortizationExpenseYearFive"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_888f495c-da45-46db-bf7d-6b60b2469814_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Entity Central Index Key</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_EntityCentralIndexKey" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_EntityCentralIndexKey"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract_816f1a7d-ed2c-4e86-9f36-90acf252b260_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Amortization expense, fiscal year maturity</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets, Net, Amortization Expense, Fiscal Year Maturity [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsFutureAmortizationExpenseAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward_cf94cfde-7abe-485e-ab9f-cb333dac2fbf_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Per&#160;Share Weighted- Average Fair&#160;Value</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Share-Based Compensation Arrangement by Share-Based Payment Award, Equity Instruments Other than Options, Nonvested, Weighted Average Grant Date Fair Value [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ShareBasedCompensationArrangementByShareBasedPaymentAwardEquityInstrumentsOtherThanOptionsNonvestedWeightedAverageGrantDateFairValueRollForward" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_3f9a0172-aef5-49be-819f-02f3ccee68a5_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets by Major Class [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Finite-Lived Intangible Assets by Major Class [Axis]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_FiniteLivedIntangibleAssetsByMajorClassAxis" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable_817eb1be-c2f5-4810-b050-76444e598833_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Share-based Compensation Arrangements by Share-based Payment Award [Table]</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Schedule of Share-Based Compensation Arrangements by Share-Based Payment Award [Table]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_ScheduleOfShareBasedCompensationArrangementsByShareBasedPaymentAwardTable" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock_759515b3-d70d-4c95-af9d-e82651938605_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Revenue</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock_de7b95c5-a038-4fec-b5be-b571a134a0cc_verboseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/verboseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Collaboration, License, and Supply Agreements</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_CollaborativeArrangementDisclosureTextBlock" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CityAreaCode_b0888816-890d-489a-9229-447f6cff3400_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_dei_CityAreaCode_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">City Area Code</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:href="https://xbrl.sec.gov/dei/2022/dei-2022.xsd#dei_CityAreaCode"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:to="lab_dei_CityAreaCode" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_27071a1c-2b47-4cf4-8a77-c258c0247295_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">ASSETS</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Assets [Abstract]</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_AssetsAbstract"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_AssetsAbstract" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_f9c4196f-6642-4e6a-8beb-dcff6909a3c3_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Selling, general, and administrative</link:label>
    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense_label_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/label" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">General and Administrative Expense</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense"/>
    <link:labelArc xlink:arcrole="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/arcrole/concept-label" xlink:from="loc_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:to="lab_us-gaap_GeneralAndAdministrativeExpense" xlink:type="arc" order="1"/>
    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SharebasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram_97ffc9f4-9494-4d69-8e93-dccc1d152e18_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SharebasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Stock issued under incentive programs (in shares)</link:label>
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    <link:label id="lab_nvax_SharebasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram_documentation_en-US" xlink:label="lab_nvax_SharebasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/documentation" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Number of shares issued in incentive program.</link:label>
    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_nvax_SharebasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram" xlink:href="nvax-20220630.xsd#nvax_SharebasedCompensationStockIssuedUnderIncentiveProgram"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract_1fbcaa23-b5d1-4c19-aee8-2db9ff1d73ba_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Statement of Stockholders' Equity [Abstract]</link:label>
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    <link:loc xlink:type="locator" xlink:label="loc_us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract" xlink:href="https://xbrl.fasb.org/us-gaap/2022/elts/us-gaap-2022.xsd#us-gaap_StatementOfStockholdersEquityAbstract"/>
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    <link:label id="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract_415c6602-f077-4247-8e35-5d4bd59c265b_terseLabel_en-US" xlink:label="lab_us-gaap_NetCashProvidedByUsedInFinancingActivitiesAbstract" xlink:role="http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/terseLabel" xlink:type="resource" xmlns:xml="http://www.w3.org/XML/1998/namespace" xml:lang="en-US">Financing Activities:</link:label>
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