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Revenue - Additional Information (Details) |  | 1 Months Ended | 3 Months Ended | 12 Months Ended |  |  |  |  |  |
--- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | --- | ---
Feb. 16, 2024 USD ($) | Jul. 31, 2023 USD ($) | Jan. 31, 2023 dose | Jul. 31, 2020 dose | May 31, 2020 USD ($) | Mar. 31, 2024 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) dose | Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) | Nov. 30, 2023 dose | Aug. 31, 2023 USD ($) | Nov. 30, 2022 dose | Nov. 18, 2022 dose | Jul. 31, 2022 USD ($) dose | Oct. 22, 2020 dose
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Billed contracts receivable |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 286,400,000 | $ 53,800,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Unbilled contracts receivable |  |  |  |  |  |  | 10,800,000 | 28,600,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  | 863,521,000 | 549,551,000 | $ 1,595,472,000 |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase agreement, number of vaccine doses | dose |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 60,000,000
Deferred revenue, current |  |  |  |  |  |  | 241,310,000 | 370,137,000 | 1,400,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred revenue, noncurrent |  |  |  |  |  |  | 622,210,000 | 179,414,000 | 172,500,000 |  |  |  |  |  |
Refunds due to APA customers |  |  |  |  |  |  | 142,165,000 | 210,362,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  | 983,705,000 | 1,981,872,000 | 1,146,290,000 |  |  |  |  |  |
Sales-Based Royalties |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  | 8,500,000 | 9,000,000 | 178,600,000 |  |  |  |  |  |
Milestone Payments |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0 | 20,000,000 | 20,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |
Product sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  | 105,688,000 | 0 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase (decrease) in contract with customer, liability |  |  |  |  |  |  | 26,028,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contract value no longer available |  |  |  |  |  |  | 131,716,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 531,389,000 | 1,554,961,000 | 0 |  |  |  |  |  |
Amended and Restated UK Supply Agreement | Minimum |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of doses to be distributed | dose |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,000,000 |
Amended and Restated UK Supply Agreement | Maximum |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of doses to be distributed | dose |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 0 |  | 7,500,000 |  | 15,000,000 |
Gavi Advance Purchase Agreement SIIPL |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 350,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of doses to be distributed | dose |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,100,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Remaining performance obligation, variable consideration amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 350,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Gavi Advance Purchase Agreement- COVAX Facility |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of doses to be distributed | dose |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 350,000,000 |  |
Collaboration agreement upfront payment amount |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 696,400,000 | 697,400,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase agreement, number of vaccine doses | dose |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 2,000,000 |  |
European Commissions ("EC") |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of doses to be distributed | dose |  |  |  |  |  |  | 100,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Additional purchase option, number of doses | dose |  |  |  |  |  |  | 200,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of doses, cancelled | dose |  |  |  |  |  |  | 7,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Purchase agreement, number of vaccine doses | dose |  |  |  |  |  |  | 63,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of doses | dose |  |  | 20,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
European Commissions ("EC") | Minimum |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of doses to be distributed | dose |  |  |  |  |  |  | 20,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
European Commissions ("EC") | Maximum |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of doses to be distributed | dose |  |  |  |  |  |  | 100,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Canada Advance Purchase Agreement |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaboration agreement upfront payment amount |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 100,400,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Product sales |  |  |  |  |  |  | 349,600,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Installment charges |  | $ 174,800,000 |  |  |  |  | 174,800,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred revenue, current |  |  |  |  |  |  | 102,800,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred revenue, noncurrent |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 485,300,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contract with customer, obligation to deliver, terms |  |  |  |  |  |  | 15 years |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Percent of remaining amount to be paid |  |  |  |  |  |  | 100.00% |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Escrow to sales hold |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 20,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Canada Advance Purchase Agreement | Canada Revenue Agency |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred revenue, current |  |  |  |  |  |  | 28,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Refunds due to APA customers |  |  |  |  |  |  | 224,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Joint Committee on Vaccination and Immunization (JCVI) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of doses to be distributed | dose |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 44,000,000 |
Collaboration agreement upfront payment amount |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 225,000,000 |
US Government Partnership |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Milestone payment recognized |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1,800,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
USG Agreement |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Number of doses | dose |  |  |  | 100,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Coalition for Epidemic Preparedness Innovations ("CEPI") |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contract to perform for others funding |  |  |  |  | $ 399,500,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contract to perform for others grant |  |  |  |  | 257,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contract to perform for others forgivable no interest term loans |  |  |  |  | $ 142,500,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
CEPI Grant Funding |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue from contract with customer |  |  |  |  |  |  | 358,600,000 | 358,600,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Matrix-M Adjuvant Sales |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Total revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  | 16,500,000 | $ 15,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Settlement Agreement |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 4,000,000 |  |  |  |
Settlement Agreement | Forecast |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Settlement expense |  |  |  |  |  | $ 400,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Settlement Agreement | Subsequent Event |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Initial settlement payment | $ 75,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Settlement expense | 80,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Grants additional credit | $ 225,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Australian APA |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Deferred revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  | 6,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Increase (decrease) in contract with customer, liability |  |  |  |  |  |  | 64,700,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Contract value no longer available |  |  |  |  |  |  | 48,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Revenue, Remaining Performance Obligation, Expected Timing of Satisfaction, Start Date [Axis]: 2024-01-01 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Collaborative Arrangement and Arrangement Other than Collaborative [Line Items] |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Remaining performance obligation to be satisfied |  |  |  |  |  |  | $ 2,000,000,000 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Remaining performance obligation, expected timing of satisfaction, period |  |  |  |  |  |  | 1 year |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |

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