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Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses | 3 Months Ended
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Mar. 31, 2017
Receivables [Abstract] |
Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses | 7. Loans Receivable and Allowance for Loan Losses The following is a summary of loans receivable by major category:
| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| (Dollars in thousands)
Loan portfolio composition |  |  |
Real estate loans: |  |  |
Residential | $ | 58,166 |  |  | $ | 57,884 |
Commercial | 7,948,844 |  |  | 7,842,573 |
Construction | 284,178 |  |  | 254,113 |
Total real estate loans | 8,291,188 |  |  | 8,154,570 |
Commercial business | 1,696,895 |  |  | 1,832,021 |
Trade finance | 143,298 |  |  | 154,928 |
Consumer and other | 420,169 |  |  | 403,470 |
Total loans outstanding | 10,551,550 |  |  | 10,544,989 |
Deferred loan fees, net | (1,883 | ) |  | (1,657 | )
Loans receivable | 10,549,667 |  |  | 10,543,332 |
Allowance for loan losses | (78,659 | ) |  | (79,343 | )
Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses | $ | 10,471,008 |  |  | $ | 10,463,989 |
The loan portfolio is made up of four segments: real estate loans, commercial business, trade finance and consumer and other. These segments are further segregated between loans accounted for under the amortized cost method (“Legacy Loans”) and previously acquired loans that were originally recorded at fair value with no carryover of the related pre-acquisition allowance for loan losses (“Acquired Loans”). Acquired Loans are further segregated between purchased credit impaired loans (loans with credit deterioration on the acquisition date and accounted for under ASC 310-30, or “PCIs”) and Acquired Performing Loans (loans that were pass graded on the acquisition date and the fair value adjustment is amortized over the contractual life under ASC 310-20, or “non-PCI loans”). The following table presents changes in the accretable discount on the PCI loans for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:
| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
| (Dollars in thousands)
Balance at beginning of period | $ | 38,591 |  |  | $ | 23,777 |
Accretion | (5,348 | ) |  | (3,029 | )
Reclassification from nonaccretable difference | 18,408 |  |  | 1,349 |
Balance at end of period | $ | 51,651 |  |  | $ | 22,097 |
On the acquisition date, the amount by which the undiscounted expected cash flows exceed the estimated fair value of the PCI loans is the “accretable yield.” The accretable yield is then measured at each financial reporting date and represents the difference between the remaining undiscounted expected cash flows and the current carrying value of the loans. The accretable yield will change from period to period due to the following: 1) estimates of the remaining life of acquired loans will affect the amount of future interest income; 2) indices for variable rates of interest on PCI loans may change; and 3) estimates of the amount of the contractual principal and interest that will not be collected (nonaccretable difference) may change. The following tables detail the activity in the allowance for loan losses by portfolio segment for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:
| Legacy Loans |  | Acquired Loans |  | Total
| Real Estate |  | Commercial Business |  | Trade Finance |  | Consumer and Other |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial Business |  | Trade Finance |  | Consumer and Other |
| (Dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 38,956 |  |  | $ | 23,430 |  |  | $ | 1,897 |  |  | $ | 2,116 |  |  | $ | 12,791 |  |  | $ | 117 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | 79,343 |
Provision (credit) for loan losses | 6,106 |  |  | (2,884 | ) |  | 303 |  |  | 184 |  |  | 975 |  |  | 748 |  |  | 187 |  |  | (19 | ) |  | 5,600 |
Loans charged off | (1,154 | ) |  | (3,190 | ) |  | (1,576 | ) |  | (279 | ) |  | (336 | ) |  | (70 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (6,605 | )
Recoveries | 21 |  |  | 123 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 149 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 321 |
Balance, end of period | $ | 43,929 |  |  | $ | 17,479 |  |  | $ | 624 |  |  | $ | 2,022 |  |  | $ | 13,455 |  |  | $ | 944 |  |  | $ | 187 |  |  | $ | 19 |  |  | $ | 78,659 |
| Legacy Loans |  | Acquired Loans |  | Total
| Real Estate |  | Commercial Business |  | Trade Finance |  | Consumer and Other |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial Business |  | Trade Finance |  | Consumer and Other |
| (Dollars in thousands)
Three Months Ended March 31, 2016 |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Balance, beginning of period | $ | 42,829 |  |  | $ | 16,332 |  |  | $ | 3,592 |  |  | $ | 556 |  |  | $ | 12,823 |  |  | $ | 214 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 62 |  |  | $ | 76,408 |
Provision (credit) for loan losses | (1,218 | ) |  | 3,147 |  |  | (1,507 | ) |  | 276 |  |  | (82 | ) |  | (112 | ) |  | — |  |  | (4 | ) |  | 500 |
Loans charged off | (19 | ) |  | (621 | ) |  | — |  |  | (65 | ) |  | (116 | ) |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (821 | )
Recoveries | 523 |  |  | 190 |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 52 |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 769 |
Balance, end of period | $ | 42,115 |  |  | $ | 19,048 |  |  | $ | 2,085 |  |  | $ | 768 |  |  | $ | 12,626 |  |  | $ | 154 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 60 |  |  | $ | 76,856 |
The following tables break out the allowance for loan losses and the recorded investment of loans outstanding by individually impaired, general valuation, and PCI impairment, by portfolio segment, at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:
| March 31, 2017
| Legacy Loans |  | Acquired Loans |  | Total
| Real Estate |  | Commercial Business |  | Trade Finance |  | Consumer and Other |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial Business |  | Trade Finance |  | Consumer and Other |
| (Dollars in thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 2,530 |  |  | $ | 2,357 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 40 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 122 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,079 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 41,399 |  |  | 15,122 |  |  | 624 |  |  | 1,982 |  |  | 1,289 |  |  | 822 |  |  | 187 |  |  | 19 |  |  | 61,444 |
PCI loans | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,136 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,136 |
Total | $ | 43,929 |  |  | $ | 17,479 |  |  | $ | 624 |  |  | $ | 2,022 |  |  | $ | 13,455 |  |  | $ | 944 |  |  | $ | 187 |  |  | $ | 19 |  |  | $ | 78,659 |
Loans outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 75,377 |  |  | $ | 28,421 |  |  | $ | 4,450 |  |  | $ | 715 |  |  | $ | 19,325 |  |  | $ | 1,019 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 272 |  |  | $ | 129,579 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 5,474,703 |  |  | 1,065,952 |  |  | 59,131 |  |  | 206,933 |  |  | 2,538,765 |  |  | 541,586 |  |  | 76,541 |  |  | 198,095 |  |  | 10,161,706 |
PCI loans | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 183,018 |  |  | 59,917 |  |  | 3,176 |  |  | 14,154 |  |  | 260,265 |
Total | $ | 5,550,080 |  |  | $ | 1,094,373 |  |  | $ | 63,581 |  |  | $ | 207,648 |  |  | $ | 2,741,108 |  |  | $ | 602,522 |  |  | $ | 79,717 |  |  | $ | 212,521 |  |  | $ | 10,551,550 |
| December 31, 2016
| Legacy Loans |  | Acquired Loans |  | Total
| Real Estate |  | Commercial Business |  | Trade Finance |  | Consumer and Other |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial Business |  | Trade Finance |  | Consumer and Other |
| (Dollars in thousands)
Allowance for loan losses:
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 1,889 |  |  | $ | 4,420 |  |  | $ | 864 |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | 113 |  |  | $ | 73 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 7,409 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 37,067 |  |  | 19,010 |  |  | 1,033 |  |  | 2,066 |  |  | 548 |  |  | 44 |  |  | — |  |  | 36 |  |  | 59,804 |
PCI loans | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,130 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 12,130 |
Total | $ | 38,956 |  |  | $ | 23,430 |  |  | $ | 1,897 |  |  | $ | 2,116 |  |  | $ | 12,791 |  |  | $ | 117 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | 79,343 |
Loans outstanding: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Individually evaluated for impairment | $ | 74,085 |  |  | $ | 34,783 |  |  | $ | 6,029 |  |  | $ | 733 |  |  | $ | 23,865 |  |  | $ | 435 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 431 |  |  | $ | 140,361 |
Collectively evaluated for impairment | 5,271,262 |  |  | 1,079,348 |  |  | 75,365 |  |  | 179,961 |  |  | 2,597,200 |  |  | 650,710 |  |  | 70,535 |  |  | 206,802 |  |  | 10,131,183 |
PCI loans | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 188,158 |  |  | 66,745 |  |  | 2,999 |  |  | 15,543 |  |  | 273,445 |
Total | $ | 5,345,347 |  |  | $ | 1,114,131 |  |  | $ | 81,394 |  |  | $ | 180,694 |  |  | $ | 2,809,223 |  |  | $ | 717,890 |  |  | $ | 73,534 |  |  | $ | 222,776 |  |  | $ | 10,544,989 |
As of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the reserve for unfunded commitments recorded in other liabilities was $3.4 million and $3.2 million, respectively. For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the recognized provision (credit) for unfunded commitments recorded in credit related expense was $241 thousand and $(570) thousand, respectively. The recorded investment of individually impaired loans was as follows:
| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| (Dollars in thousands)
With allocated specific allowance |  |  |
Without charge off | $ | 51,944 |  |  | $ | 59,638 |
With charge off | 196 |  |  | 1,120 |
With no allocated specific allowance |  |  |
Without charge off | 70,466 |  |  | 76,775 |
With charge off | 6,973 |  |  | 2,828 |
Specific allowance on impaired loans | (5,079 | ) |  | (7,409 | )
Impaired loans, net of specific allowance | $ | 124,500 |  |  | $ | 132,952 |
The following tables detail the recorded investment of impaired loans (Legacy Loans and Acquired Loans that became impaired subsequent to being originated and acquired, respectfully) as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 and for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016. Loans with no related allowance are believed by management to be adequately collateralized.
|  | As of March 31, 2017 |  | As of December 31, 2016
Total Impaired Loans |  | Recorded Investment* |  | Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance |  | Related Allowance |  | Recorded Investment* |  | Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance |  | Related Allowance
|  | (Dollars in thousands)
With related allowance: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—residential |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail |  | 581 |  |  | 581 |  |  | 9 |  |  | 2,095 |  |  | 2,384 |  |  | 90 |
Hotel & motel |  | 6,395 |  |  | 6,433 |  |  | 403 |  |  | 6,387 |  |  | 6,387 |  |  | 337 |
Gas station & car wash |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 215 |  |  | 228 |  |  | 41 |
Mixed use |  | 250 |  |  | 2,101 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 206 |  |  | 732 |  |  | 27 |
Industrial & warehouse |  | 2,882 |  |  | 2,882 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 530 |  |  | 530 |  |  | — |
Other |  | 22,412 |  |  | 22,657 |  |  | 2,143 |  |  | 22,580 |  |  | 22,825 |  |  | 1,507 |
Real estate—construction |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial business |  | 19,538 |  |  | 19,698 |  |  | 2,479 |  |  | 26,543 |  |  | 27,161 |  |  | 4,493 |
Trade finance |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,111 |  |  | 2,156 |  |  | 864 |
Consumer and other |  | 82 |  |  | 82 |  |  | 40 |  |  | 91 |  |  | 91 |  |  | 50 |
Subtotal |  | $ | 52,140 |  |  | $ | 54,434 |  |  | $ | 5,079 |  |  | $ | 60,758 |  |  | $ | 62,494 |  |  | $ | 7,409 |
With no related allowance: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—residential |  | $ | 1,465 |  |  | $ | 1,465 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,562 |  |  | $ | 3,562 |  |  | $ | — |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail |  | 16,752 |  |  | 17,724 |  |  | — |  |  | 12,753 |  |  | 13,290 |  |  | — |
Hotel & motel |  | 6,273 |  |  | 12,221 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,122 |  |  | 11,735 |  |  | — |
Gas station & car wash |  | 4,160 |  |  | 6,634 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,043 |  |  | 7,449 |  |  | — |
Mixed use |  | 6,530 |  |  | 7,614 |  |  | — |  |  | 7,303 |  |  | 7,822 |  |  | — |
Industrial & warehouse |  | 8,498 |  |  | 8,574 |  |  | — |  |  | 9,673 |  |  | 9,748 |  |  | — |
Other |  | 15,648 |  |  | 16,911 |  |  | — |  |  | 20,181 |  |  | 21,492 |  |  | — |
Real estate—construction |  | 2,856 |  |  | 2,996 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,300 |  |  | 1,441 |  |  | — |
Commercial business |  | 9,902 |  |  | 13,509 |  |  | — |  |  | 8,675 |  |  | 9,472 |  |  | — |
Trade finance |  | 4,450 |  |  | 4,450 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,918 |  |  | 3,918 |  |  | — |
Consumer and other |  | 905 |  |  | 923 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,073 |  |  | 1,136 |  |  | — |
Subtotal |  | $ | 77,439 |  |  | $ | 93,021 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 79,603 |  |  | $ | 91,065 |  |  | $ | — |
Total |  | $ | 129,579 |  |  | $ | 147,455 |  |  | $ | 5,079 |  |  | $ | 140,361 |  |  | $ | 153,559 |  |  | $ | 7,409 |
__________________________________
* | Unpaid contractual principal balance less charge offs, interest collected applied to principal if on nonaccrual and purchase discounts.
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Total Impaired Loans |  | Average Recorded Investment* |  | Interest Income Recognized during Impairment |  | Average Recorded Investment* |  | Interest Income Recognized during Impairment
|  | (Dollars in thousands)
With related allowance: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—residential |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail |  | 1,338 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 1,712 |  |  | — |
Hotel & motel |  | 6,391 |  |  | 43 |  |  | 4,611 |  |  | 57 |
Gas station & car wash |  | 108 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,050 |  |  | — |
Mixed use |  | 228 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 563 |  |  | 2 |
Industrial & warehouse |  | 1,706 |  |  | 32 |  |  | 560 |  |  | 6 |
Other |  | 22,496 |  |  | 253 |  |  | 24,462 |  |  | 275 |
Real estate—construction |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial business |  | 23,041 |  |  | 195 |  |  | 35,742 |  |  | 265 |
Trade finance |  | 1,055 |  |  | — |  |  | 10,314 |  |  | 94 |
Consumer and other |  | 87 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 128 |  |  | 1 |
Subtotal |  | $ | 56,450 |  |  | $ | 530 |  |  | $ | 79,142 |  |  | $ | 700 |
With no related allowance: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—residential |  | $ | 2,513 |  |  | $ | 28 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail |  | 14,752 |  |  | 159 |  |  | 11,105 |  |  | 100 |
Hotel & motel |  | 6,198 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 7,849 |  |  | 22 |
Gas station & car wash |  | 4,602 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 4,665 |  |  | 34 |
Mixed use |  | 6,916 |  |  | 63 |  |  | 2,364 |  |  | 12 |
Industrial & warehouse |  | 9,086 |  |  | 75 |  |  | 9,888 |  |  | 85 |
Other |  | 17,915 |  |  | 130 |  |  | 12,712 |  |  | 90 |
Real estate—construction |  | 2,078 |  |  | 20 |  |  | 1,355 |  |  | — |
Commercial business |  | 9,289 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 8,950 |  |  | 41 |
Trade finance |  | 4,184 |  |  | 51 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer and other |  | 989 |  |  | 7 |  |  | 1,228 |  |  | 7 |
Subtotal |  | $ | 78,522 |  |  | $ | 580 |  |  | $ | 60,116 |  |  | $ | 391 |
Total |  | $ | 134,972 |  |  | $ | 1,110 |  |  | $ | 139,258 |  |  | $ | 1,091 |
__________________________________
* | Unpaid contractual principal balance less charge offs, interest collected applied to principal if on nonaccrual and purchase discounts.
|  | As of March 31, 2017 |  | As of December 31, 2016
Impaired Acquired Loans |  | Recorded Investment* |  | Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance |  | Related Allowance |  | Recorded Investment* |  | Unpaid Contractual Principal Balance |  | Related Allowance
|  | (Dollars in thousands)
With related allowance: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—residential |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail |  | 311 |  |  | 311 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,826 |  |  | 2,114 |  |  | 85 |
Hotel & motel |  | 92 |  |  | 89 |  |  | 2 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Gas station & car wash |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Mixed use |  | 250 |  |  | 2,101 |  |  | 3 |  |  | 136 |  |  | 136 |  |  | 2 |
Industrial & warehouse |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other |  | 333 |  |  | 337 |  |  | 25 |  |  | 337 |  |  | 341 |  |  | 26 |
Real estate—construction |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial business |  | 774 |  |  | 828 |  |  | 122 |  |  | 294 |  |  | 339 |  |  | 73 |
Trade finance |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer and other |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Subtotal |  | $ | 1,760 |  |  | $ | 3,666 |  |  | $ | 152 |  |  | $ | 2,593 |  |  | $ | 2,930 |  |  | $ | 186 |
With no related allowance: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—residential |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 679 |  |  | $ | 679 |  |  | $ | — |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail |  | 4,351 |  |  | 4,831 |  |  | — |  |  | 3,148 |  |  | 3,214 |  |  | — |
Hotel & motel |  | 4,840 |  |  | 7,352 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,767 |  |  | 7,171 |  |  | — |
Gas station & car wash |  | 618 |  |  | 804 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,568 |  |  | 1,815 |  |  | — |
Mixed use |  | 5,283 |  |  | 5,510 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,315 |  |  | 5,551 |  |  | — |
Industrial & warehouse |  | 65 |  |  | 65 |  |  | — |  |  | 66 |  |  | 66 |  |  | — |
Other |  | 3,182 |  |  | 3,853 |  |  | — |  |  | 6,023 |  |  | 6,752 |  |  | — |
Real estate—construction |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial business |  | 245 |  |  | 313 |  |  | — |  |  | 141 |  |  | 386 |  |  | — |
Trade finance |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer and other |  | 272 |  |  | 281 |  |  | — |  |  | 431 |  |  | 484 |  |  | — |
Subtotal |  | $ | 18,856 |  |  | $ | 23,009 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 22,138 |  |  | $ | 26,118 |  |  | $ | — |
Total |  | $ | 20,616 |  |  | $ | 26,675 |  |  | $ | 152 |  |  | $ | 24,731 |  |  | $ | 29,048 |  |  | $ | 186 |
__________________________________
* | Unpaid contractual principal balance less charge offs, interest collected applied to principal if on nonaccrual and purchase discounts.
|  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 |  | For the Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
Impaired Acquired Loans |  | Average Recorded Investment* |  | Interest Income Recognized during Impairment |  | Average Recorded Investment* |  | Interest Income Recognized during Impairment
|  | (Dollars in thousands)
With related allowance: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—residential |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail |  | 1,068 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 1,169 |  |  | — |
Hotel & motel |  | 46 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Gas station & car wash |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 509 |  |  | — |
Mixed use |  | 193 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 493 |  |  | 2 |
Industrial & warehouse |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other |  | 335 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 305 |  |  | 4 |
Real estate—construction |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial business |  | 534 |  |  | 5 |  |  | 576 |  |  | 3 |
Trade finance |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer and other |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Subtotal |  | $ | 2,176 |  |  | $ | 15 |  |  | $ | 3,052 |  |  | $ | 9 |
With no related allowance: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—residential |  | $ | 339 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail |  | 3,750 |  |  | 31 |  |  | 2,571 |  |  | 26 |
Hotel & motel |  | 4,803 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 6,882 |  |  | 17 |
Gas station & car wash |  | 1,093 |  |  | 10 |  |  | 1,392 |  |  | 25 |
Mixed use |  | 5,299 |  |  | 63 |  |  | 273 |  |  | 3 |
Industrial & warehouse |  | 66 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 1,111 |  |  | 2 |
Other |  | 4,603 |  |  | 13 |  |  | 3,826 |  |  | 14 |
Real estate—construction |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial business |  | 193 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 672 |  |  | 8 |
Trade finance |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer and other |  | 351 |  |  | 2 |  |  | 557 |  |  | 2 |
Subtotal |  | $ | 20,497 |  |  | $ | 125 |  |  | $ | 17,284 |  |  | $ | 97 |
Total |  | $ | 22,673 |  |  | $ | 140 |  |  | $ | 20,336 |  |  | $ | 106 |
__________________________________
* | Unpaid contractual principal balance less charge offs, interest collected applied to principal if on nonaccrual and purchase discounts.
Generally, loans are placed on nonaccrual status if the principal and/or interest payments become 90 days past due and/or management deems the collectibility of the principal and/or interest to be in question, as well as when required by regulatory requirements. Loans to customers whose financial condition has deteriorated are considered for nonaccrual status whether or not the loan is 90 days or more past due. Generally, payments received on nonaccrual loans are recorded as principal reductions. Loans are returned to accrual status only when all the principal and interest amounts contractually due are brought current and future payments are reasonably assured. The Company did not recognize any cash basis interest income for the three months ended March 31, 2017 or 2016. The following tables present the recorded investment of past due loans by the number of days past due as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 by class of loans:
| As of March 31, 2017
| Past Due and Accruing |  |  |  |
| 30-59 Days |  | 60-89 Days |  | 90 or More Days |  | Total |  | Nonaccrual Loans (2) |  | Total Delinquent and Nonaccrual Loans
| (Dollars in thousands)
Legacy Loans: |
Real estate—residential | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail | 938 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 938 |  |  | 2,657 |  |  | 3,595 |
Hotel & motel | 3,341 |  |  | 1,187 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,528 |  |  | 4,216 |  |  | 8,744 |
Gas station & car wash | 947 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 947 |  |  | 3,542 |  |  | 4,489 |
Mixed use | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,247 |  |  | 1,247 |
Industrial & warehouse | 57 |  |  | 1,028 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,085 |  |  | 1,922 |  |  | 3,007 |
Other | 4,046 |  |  | 1,031 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,077 |  |  | 3,114 |  |  | 8,191 |
Real estate—construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,300 |  |  | 1,300 |
Commercial business | 640 |  |  | 666 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,306 |  |  | 9,155 |  |  | 10,461 |
Trade finance | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 528 |  |  | 528 |
Consumer and other | 229 |  |  | 66 |  |  | 275 |  |  | 570 |  |  | 228 |  |  | 798 |
Subtotal | $ | 10,198 |  |  | $ | 3,978 |  |  | $ | 275 |  |  | $ | 14,451 |  |  | $ | 27,909 |  |  | $ | 42,360 |
Acquired Loans: (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—residential | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail | 1,156 |  |  | 653 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,809 |  |  | 1,578 |  |  | 3,387 |
Hotel & motel | 1,546 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,546 |  |  | 4,668 |  |  | 6,214 |
Gas station & car wash | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 47 |  |  | 47 |
Mixed use | — |  |  | 354 |  |  | — |  |  | 354 |  |  | 162 |  |  | 516 |
Industrial & warehouse | 1,406 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,406 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,406 |
Other | 97 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 97 |  |  | 2,096 |  |  | 2,193 |
Real estate—construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial business | 360 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 360 |  |  | 435 |  |  | 795 |
Trade finance | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer and other | 684 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 684 |  |  | 114 |  |  | 798 |
Subtotal | $ | 5,249 |  |  | $ | 1,007 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,256 |  |  | $ | 9,100 |  |  | $ | 15,356 |
TOTAL | $ | 15,447 |  |  | $ | 4,985 |  |  | $ | 275 |  |  | $ | 20,707 |  |  | $ | 37,009 |  |  | $ | 57,716 |
__________________________________
(1) | Acquired Loans exclude PCI loans.
(2) | Nonaccrual loans exclude guaranteed portion of delinquent SBA loans that are in liquidation totaling $15.2 million. Includes nonaccrual loans less than 30 days past due totaling $15.6 million.
| As of December 31, 2016
| Past Due and Accruing |  |  |  |
| 30-59 Days |  | 60-89 Days |  | 90 or More Days |  | Total |  | Nonaccrual Loans (2) |  | Total Delinquent and Nonaccrual Loans
| (Dollars in thousands)
Legacy Loans: |
Real estate—residential | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail | 480 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 480 |  |  | 3,672 |  |  | 4,152 |
Hotel & motel | 1,836 |  |  | 3,137 |  |  | — |  |  | 4,973 |  |  | 1,392 |  |  | 6,365 |
Gas station & car wash | 362 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 362 |  |  | 3,690 |  |  | 4,052 |
Mixed use | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,305 |  |  | 1,305 |
Industrial & warehouse | — |  |  | 697 |  |  | — |  |  | 697 |  |  | 1,922 |  |  | 2,619 |
Other | 2,871 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,871 |  |  | 4,007 |  |  | 6,878 |
Real estate—construction | — |  |  | 1,513 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,513 |  |  | 1,300 |  |  | 2,813 |
Commercial business | 558 |  |  | 815 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,373 |  |  | 9,371 |  |  | 10,744 |
Trade finance | — |  |  | 500 |  |  | — |  |  | 500 |  |  | 2,056 |  |  | 2,556 |
Consumer and other | 146 |  |  | 58 |  |  | 305 |  |  | 509 |  |  | 229 |  |  | 738 |
Subtotal | $ | 6,253 |  |  | $ | 6,720 |  |  | $ | 305 |  |  | $ | 13,278 |  |  | $ | 28,944 |  |  | $ | 42,222 |
Acquired Loans: (1) |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—residential | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 679 |  |  | $ | 679 |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail | 1,611 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,611 |  |  | 1,871 |  |  | 3,482 |
Hotel & motel | 95 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 95 |  |  | 4,501 |  |  | 4,596 |
Gas station & car wash | 68 |  |  | 340 |  |  | — |  |  | 408 |  |  | 993 |  |  | 1,401 |
Mixed use | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 48 |  |  | 48 |
Industrial & warehouse | 257 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 257 |  |  | — |  |  | 257 |
Other | 350 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 350 |  |  | 2,144 |  |  | 2,494 |
Real estate—construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial business | 1,303 |  |  | 684 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,987 |  |  | 345 |  |  | 2,332 |
Trade finance | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer and other | 331 |  |  | 25 |  |  | — |  |  | 356 |  |  | 549 |  |  | 905 |
Subtotal | $ | 4,015 |  |  | $ | 1,049 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,064 |  |  | $ | 11,130 |  |  | $ | 16,194 |
TOTAL | $ | 10,268 |  |  | $ | 7,769 |  |  | $ | 305 |  |  | $ | 18,342 |  |  | $ | 40,074 |  |  | $ | 58,416 |
__________________________________
(1) | Acquired Loans exclude PCI loans.
(2) | Nonaccrual loans exclude guaranteed portion of delinquent SBA loans that are in liquidation totaling $15.9 million. Includes nonaccrual loans less than 30 days past due totaling $18.3 million.
Loans accounted for under ASC 310-30 are generally considered accruing and performing loans and the accretable discount is accreted to interest income over the estimated life of the loan when cash flows are reasonably estimable. Accordingly, PCI loans that are contractually past due are still considered to be accruing and performing loans. The loans may be classified as nonaccrual if the timing and amount of future cash flows is not reasonably estimable. The Company categorizes loans into risk categories based on relevant information about the ability of borrowers to service their debt, including, but not limited to, current financial information, historical payment experience, credit documentation, public information, and current economic trends. The Company analyzes loans individually by classifying the loans as to credit risk. This analysis includes all non-homogeneous loans. This analysis is performed at least on a quarterly basis. The definitions for risk ratings are as follows:
• | Pass: Loans that meet a preponderance or more of the Company’s underwriting criteria and evidence an acceptable level of risk.
• | Special Mention: Loans that have potential weaknesses that deserves management’s close attention. If left uncorrected, these potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects for the loan or of the institution’s credit position at some future date.
• | Substandard: Loans that are inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the borrower or by the collateral pledged, if any. Loans in this classification have a well-defined weakness or weaknesses that jeopardize the repayment of the debt. They are characterized by the distinct possibility that the institution will sustain some loss if the deficiencies are not corrected.
• | Doubtful: Loans that have all the weaknesses inherent in those classified as substandard, with the added characteristic that the weaknesses make collection or repayment in full, on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, highly questionable and improbable.
The following tables present the recorded investment of risk ratings for Legacy and Acquired Loans as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 by class of loans:
| As of March 31, 2017
| Pass |  | Special Mention |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  | Total
| (Dollars in thousands)
Legacy Loans: |  |  |
Real estate—residential | $ | 36,883 |  |  | $ | 219 |  |  | $ | 1,465 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 38,567 |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail | 1,373,943 |  |  | 19,057 |  |  | 17,634 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,410,634 |
Hotel & motel | 1,171,476 |  |  | 15,238 |  |  | 9,010 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,195,724 |
Gas station & car wash | 637,755 |  |  | 10,280 |  |  | 3,542 |  |  | — |  |  | 651,577 |
Mixed use | 396,870 |  |  | 957 |  |  | 1,408 |  |  | — |  |  | 399,235 |
Industrial & warehouse | 515,640 |  |  | 21,839 |  |  | 14,970 |  |  | — |  |  | 552,449 |
Other | 1,050,557 |  |  | 22,967 |  |  | 35,864 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,109,388 |
Real estate—construction | 175,895 |  |  | 13,755 |  |  | 2,856 |  |  | — |  |  | 192,506 |
Commercial business | 1,000,577 |  |  | 18,973 |  |  | 74,590 |  |  | 233 |  |  | 1,094,373 |
Trade finance | 53,839 |  |  | 4,142 |  |  | 5,600 |  |  | — |  |  | 63,581 |
Consumer and other | 206,835 |  |  | 4 |  |  | 809 |  |  | — |  |  | 207,648 |
Subtotal | $ | 6,620,270 |  |  | $ | 127,431 |  |  | $ | 167,748 |  |  | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | 6,915,682 |
Acquired Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—residential | $ | 19,330 |  |  | $ | 269 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 19,599 |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail | 750,436 |  |  | 11,996 |  |  | 17,642 |  |  | — |  |  | 780,074 |
Hotel & motel | 316,099 |  |  | 11,955 |  |  | 17,562 |  |  | — |  |  | 345,616 |
Gas station & car wash | 243,494 |  |  | 8,918 |  |  | 9,190 |  |  | — |  |  | 261,602 |
Mixed use | 117,453 |  |  | 3,578 |  |  | 11,599 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 132,638 |
Industrial & warehouse | 314,060 |  |  | 14,694 |  |  | 16,453 |  |  | 298 |  |  | 345,505 |
Other | 712,484 |  |  | 28,529 |  |  | 23,389 |  |  | — |  |  | 764,402 |
Real estate—construction | 91,672 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 91,672 |
Commercial business | 549,059 |  |  | 17,666 |  |  | 35,700 |  |  | 97 |  |  | 602,522 |
Trade finance | 76,541 |  |  | 17 |  |  | 3,159 |  |  | — |  |  | 79,717 |
Consumer and other | 204,689 |  |  | 914 |  |  | 5,270 |  |  | 1,648 |  |  | 212,521 |
Subtotal | $ | 3,395,317 |  |  | $ | 98,536 |  |  | $ | 139,964 |  |  | $ | 2,051 |  |  | $ | 3,635,868 |
Total | $ | 10,015,587 |  |  | $ | 225,967 |  |  | $ | 307,712 |  |  | $ | 2,284 |  |  | $ | 10,551,550 |
| As of December 31, 2016
| Pass |  | Special Mention |  | Substandard |  | Doubtful |  | Total
| (Dollars in thousands)
Legacy Loans: |  |  |
Real estate—residential | $ | 34,283 |  |  | $ | 223 |  |  | $ | 2,883 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 37,389 |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail | 1,303,452 |  |  | 18,929 |  |  | 15,430 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,337,811 |
Hotel & motel | 1,187,709 |  |  | 12,763 |  |  | 9,026 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,209,498 |
Gas station & car wash | 643,282 |  |  | 7,259 |  |  | 3,690 |  |  | — |  |  | 654,231 |
Mixed use | 375,312 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,467 |  |  | — |  |  | 376,779 |
Industrial & warehouse | 478,528 |  |  | 29,830 |  |  | 13,745 |  |  | — |  |  | 522,103 |
Other | 969,024 |  |  | 22,220 |  |  | 41,017 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,032,261 |
Real estate—construction | 159,230 |  |  | 14,745 |  |  | 1,300 |  |  | — |  |  | 175,275 |
Commercial business | 1,032,232 |  |  | 15,919 |  |  | 65,885 |  |  | 95 |  |  | 1,114,131 |
Trade finance | 68,051 |  |  | 5,673 |  |  | 7,670 |  |  | — |  |  | 81,394 |
Consumer and other | 179,864 |  |  | 1 |  |  | 829 |  |  | — |  |  | 180,694 |
Subtotal | $ | 6,430,967 |  |  | $ | 127,562 |  |  | $ | 162,942 |  |  | $ | 95 |  |  | $ | 6,721,566 |
Acquired Loans: |  |  |
Real estate—residential | $ | 18,007 |  |  | $ | 1,809 |  |  | $ | 679 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 20,495 |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail | 772,465 |  |  | 9,860 |  |  | 21,110 |  |  | — |  |  | 803,435 |
Hotel & motel | 328,396 |  |  | 5,419 |  |  | 18,233 |  |  | — |  |  | 352,048 |
Gas station & car wash | 249,379 |  |  | 8,437 |  |  | 11,338 |  |  | — |  |  | 269,154 |
Mixed use | 118,643 |  |  | 3,105 |  |  | 12,505 |  |  | 8 |  |  | 134,261 |
Industrial & warehouse | 321,040 |  |  | 31,819 |  |  | 9,048 |  |  | 315 |  |  | 362,222 |
Other | 736,385 |  |  | 23,286 |  |  | 29,099 |  |  | — |  |  | 788,770 |
Real estate—construction | 78,838 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 78,838 |
Commercial business | 649,186 |  |  | 31,340 |  |  | 37,265 |  |  | 99 |  |  | 717,890 |
Trade finance | 70,535 |  |  | 61 |  |  | 2,938 |  |  | — |  |  | 73,534 |
Consumer and other | 214,437 |  |  | 958 |  |  | 5,949 |  |  | 1,432 |  |  | 222,776 |
Subtotal | $ | 3,557,311 |  |  | $ | 116,094 |  |  | $ | 148,164 |  |  | $ | 1,854 |  |  | $ | 3,823,423 |
Total | $ | 9,988,278 |  |  | $ | 243,656 |  |  | $ | 311,106 |  |  | $ | 1,949 |  |  | $ | 10,544,989 |
The Company reclassifies loans held for investment to loans held for sale in the event that the Company plans to sell loans that were originated with the intent to hold to maturity. Loans transferred from held to investment to held for sale are carried at the lower of cost or fair value. The breakdown of loans by type that were reclassified from held to investment to held for sale for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016 is presented in the following table:
| Three Months Ended March 31,
| 2017 |  | 2016
Transfer of loans receivable to held for sale | (Dollars in thousands)
Real estate - commercial | $ | 8,699 |  |  | $ | — |
Commercial business | 752 |  |  | — |
Consumer | — |  |  | 450 |
Total | $ | 9,451 |  |  | $ | 450 |
The adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is determined by management based upon an evaluation and review of the credit quality of the loan portfolio, consideration of historical loan loss experience, relevant internal and external factors that affect the collection of a loan, and other pertinent factors. Migration analysis is a formula methodology derived from the Bank’s actual historical net charge off experience for each loan class (type) or pool and risk grade. The migration analysis is centered on the Bank’s internal credit risk rating system. Management’s internal loan review and external contracted credit review examinations are used to determine and validate loan risk grades. This credit review system takes into consideration factors such as: borrower’s background and experience; historical and current financial condition; credit history and payment performance; economic conditions and their impact on various industries; type, fair value and volatility of the fair value of collateral; lien position; and the financial strength of any guarantors. A general loan loss allowance is provided on loans not specifically identified as impaired (“non-impaired loans”). The Bank’s general loan loss allowance has two components: quantitative and qualitative risk factors. The quantitative risk factors are based on the migration analysis methodology described above. The loans are classified by class and risk grade, and the historical loss migration is tracked for the various classes. Loss experience is quantified for a specified period and then weighted to place more significance on the most recent losses. That loss experience is then applied to the stratified portfolio at the end of each quarter. For PCI loans, a general loan loss allowance is provided to the extent that there has been credit deterioration since the date of acquisition. Additionally, in order to systematically quantify the credit risk impact of other trends and changes within the loan portfolio, the Bank utilizes qualitative adjustments to the migration analysis within established parameters. The parameters for making adjustments are established under a Credit Risk Matrix that provides seven possible scenarios for each of the factors below. The matrix allows for up to three positive (Major, Moderate, and Minor), three negative (Major, Moderate, and Minor), and one neutral credit risk scenarios within each factor for each loan type or pool. However, if information exists to warrant adjustment to the migration analysis, changes are made in accordance with the established parameters supported by narrative and/or statistical analysis. The Credit Risk Matrix and the nine possible scenarios enable the Bank to qualitatively adjust the Loss Migration Ratio by as much as 50 basis points in either direction (positive or negative) for each loan type pool. This matrix considers the following nine factors, which are patterned after the guidelines provided under the FFIEC Interagency Policy Statement on the Allowance for Loan and Lease Losses:
• | Changes in lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards and collection, charge off, and recovery practices;
• | Changes in national and local economic and business conditions and developments, including the condition of various market segments;
• | Changes in the nature and volume of the loan portfolio;
• | Changes in the experience, ability and depth of lending management and staff;
• | Changes in the trends of the volume and severity of past due loans, classified loans, nonaccrual loans, troubled debt restructurings and other loan modifications;
• | Changes in the quality of our loan review system and the degree of oversight by the Directors;
• | Changes in the value of underlying collateral for collateral-dependent loans;
• | The existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the level of such concentrations; and
• | The effect of external factors, such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements, on the level of estimated losses in our loan portfolio.
The Company also establishes specific loss allowances for loans that have identified potential credit risk conditions or circumstances related to a specific individual credit. The specific allowance amounts are determined in accordance with ASC 310-10-35-22, “Measurement of Impairment.” The loans identified as impaired will be accounted for in accordance with one of the three acceptable valuation methods: 1) the present value of future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate; 2) the loan’s observable market price; or 3) the fair value of the collateral, if the loan is collateral dependent. For the collateral dependent impaired loans, management obtains a new appraisal to determine the amount of impairment as of the date that the loan became impaired. The appraisals are based on an “as is” valuation. To ensure that appraised values remain current, management either obtains updated appraisals every twelve months from a qualified independent appraiser or an internal evaluation of the collateral is performed by qualified personnel. If the third party market data indicates that the value of the collateral property has declined since the most recent valuation date, management adjusts the value of the property downward to reflect current market conditions. If the fair value of the collateral is less than the recorded amount of the loan, management recognizes impairment by creating or adjusting an existing valuation allowance with a corresponding charge to the provision for loan losses. If an impaired loan is expected to be collected through liquidation of the underlying collateral, the loan is deemed to be collateral dependent and the amount of impairment is charged off against the allowance for loan losses. The Company considers a loan to be impaired when it is probable that not all amounts due (principal and interest) will be collectible in accordance with the contractual terms of the loan agreement. Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value, and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due. Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired. The significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls is determined on a case-by-case basis by taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record, and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed. For commercial business loans, real estate loans, and certain consumer loans, management bases the measurement of loan impairment on the present value of the expected future cash flows, discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate, or on the fair value of the loan’s collateral if the loan is collateral dependent. Management evaluates most consumer loans for impairment on a collective basis because these loans generally have smaller balances and are homogeneous in the underwriting of terms and conditions and in the types of collateral. For PCI loans, the allowance for loan losses is based upon expected cash flows for these loans. To the extent that a deterioration in borrower’s credit quality results in a decrease in expected cash flows subsequent to the acquisition of the loans, an allowance for loan losses would be established based on an estimate of future credit losses over the remaining life of the loans. Provision for loan losses on acquired loans for the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $1.9 million of which $734 thousand was related to PCI loans. The following table presents breakdown of loans by impairment method at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:
| As of March 31, 2017
| Real Estate - Residential |  | Real Estate - Commercial |  | Real Estate - Construction |  | Commercial Business |  | Trade Finance |  | Consumer and Other |  | Total
| (Dollars in thousands)
Impaired loans (gross carrying value) | $ | 1,465 |  |  | $ | 90,381 |  |  | $ | 2,856 |  |  | $ | 29,440 |  |  | $ | 4,450 |  |  | $ | 987 |  |  | $ | 129,579 |
Specific allowance | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,560 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,479 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 40 |  |  | $ | 5,079 |
Allowance coverage ratio | N/A |  |  | 2.83 | % |  | N/A |  |  | 8.42 | % |  | N/A |  |  | 4.05 | % |  | 3.92 | %
Other loans | $ | 56,701 |  |  | $ | 7,858,463 |  |  | $ | 281,322 |  |  | $ | 1,667,455 |  |  | $ | 138,848 |  |  | $ | 419,182 |  |  | $ | 10,421,971 |
General allowance | $ | 287 |  |  | $ | 52,827 |  |  | $ | 1,710 |  |  | $ | 15,944 |  |  | $ | 811 |  |  | $ | 2,001 |  |  | $ | 73,580 |
Allowance coverage ratio | 0.51 | % |  | 0.67 | % |  | 0.61 | % |  | 0.96 | % |  | 0.58 | % |  | 0.48 | % |  | 0.71 | %
Total loans | $ | 58,166 |  |  | $ | 7,948,844 |  |  | $ | 284,178 |  |  | $ | 1,696,895 |  |  | $ | 143,298 |  |  | $ | 420,169 |  |  | $ | 10,551,550 |
Total allowance for loan losses | $ | 287 |  |  | $ | 55,387 |  |  | $ | 1,710 |  |  | $ | 18,423 |  |  | $ | 811 |  |  | $ | 2,041 |  |  | $ | 78,659 |
Allowance coverage ratio | 0.49 | % |  | 0.70 | % |  | 0.60 | % |  | 1.09 | % |  | 0.57 | % |  | 0.49 | % |  | 0.75 | %
| As of December 31, 2016
| Real Estate - Residential |  | Real Estate - Commercial |  | Real Estate - Construction |  | Commercial Business |  | Trade Finance |  | Consumer and Other |  | Total
| (Dollars in thousands)
Impaired loans (gross carrying value) | $ | 3,562 |  |  | $ | 93,088 |  |  | $ | 1,300 |  |  | $ | 35,218 |  |  | $ | 6,029 |  |  | $ | 1,164 |  |  | $ | 140,361 |
Specific allowance | $ | — |  |  | $ | 2,002 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 4,493 |  |  | $ | 864 |  |  | $ | 50 |  |  | $ | 7,409 |
Allowance coverage ratio | N/A |  |  | 2.15 | % |  | N/A |  |  | 12.76 | % |  | 14.33 | % |  | 4.30 | % |  | 5.28 | %
Other loans | $ | 54,322 |  |  | $ | 7,749,485 |  |  | $ | 252,813 |  |  | $ | 1,796,803 |  |  | $ | 148,899 |  |  | $ | 402,306 |  |  | $ | 10,404,628 |
General allowance | $ | 209 |  |  | $ | 47,915 |  |  | $ | 1,621 |  |  | $ | 19,054 |  |  | $ | 1,033 |  |  | $ | 2,102 |  |  | $ | 71,934 |
Allowance coverage ratio | 0.38 | % |  | 0.62 | % |  | 0.64 | % |  | 1.06 | % |  | 0.69 | % |  | 0.52 | % |  | 0.69 | %
Total loans | $ | 57,884 |  |  | $ | 7,842,573 |  |  | $ | 254,113 |  |  | $ | 1,832,021 |  |  | $ | 154,928 |  |  | $ | 403,470 |  |  | $ | 10,544,989 |
Total allowance for loan losses | $ | 209 |  |  | $ | 49,917 |  |  | $ | 1,621 |  |  | $ | 23,547 |  |  | $ | 1,897 |  |  | $ | 2,152 |  |  | $ | 79,343 |
Allowance coverage ratio | 0.36 | % |  | 0.64 | % |  | 0.64 | % |  | 1.29 | % |  | 1.22 | % |  | 0.53 | % |  | 0.75 | %
Under certain circumstances, the Company provides borrowers relief through loan modifications. These modifications are either temporary in nature (“temporary modifications”) or are more substantive. At March 31, 2017, total modified loans were $66.1 million, compared to $70.9 million at December 31, 2016. The temporary modifications generally consist of interest only payments for a three to six month period, whereby principal payments are deferred. At the end of the modification period, the remaining principal balance is re-amortized based on the original maturity date. Loans subject to temporary modifications are generally downgraded to Special Mention or Substandard. At the end of the modification period, the loan either 1) returns to the original contractual terms; 2) is further modified and accounted for as a troubled debt restructuring in accordance with ASC 310-10-35; or 3) is disposed of through foreclosure or liquidation. Troubled Debt Restructurings (“TDRs”) of loans are defined by ASC 310-40, “Troubled Debt Restructurings by Creditors” and evaluated for impairment in accordance with ASC 310-10-35. The concessions may be granted in various forms, including reduction in the stated interest rate, reduction in the amount of principal amortization, forgiveness of a portion of a loan balance or accrued interest, or extension of the maturity date. In order to determine whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulty, an evaluation is performed on the probability that the borrower will be in payment default on any of its debt in the foreseeable future without the modification. This evaluation is performed under the Bank’s internal underwriting policy. A summary of the recorded investment of TDRs on accrual and nonaccrual status by type of concession as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 is presented below:
| As of March 31, 2017
| TDRs on Accrual Status |  | TDRs on Nonaccrual Status |  | Total
| Real Estate |  | Commercial Business |  | Other |  | Total |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial Business |  | Other |  | Total |
| (Dollars in thousands)
Payment concession | $ | 16,249 |  |  | $ | 233 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,482 |  |  | $ | 2,503 |  |  | $ | 1,270 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 3,773 |  |  | $ | 20,255 |
Maturity / amortization concession | 2,302 |  |  | 17,969 |  |  | 4,499 |  |  | 24,770 |  |  | 1,774 |  |  | 4,789 |  |  | 853 |  |  | 7,416 |  |  | 32,186 |
Rate concession | 6,068 |  |  | 1,579 |  |  | 85 |  |  | 7,732 |  |  | 5,567 |  |  | 365 |  |  | — |  |  | 5,932 |  |  | 13,664 |
Total | $ | 24,619 |  |  | $ | 19,781 |  |  | $ | 4,584 |  |  | $ | 48,984 |  |  | $ | 9,844 |  |  | $ | 6,424 |  |  | $ | 853 |  |  | $ | 17,121 |  |  | $ | 66,105 |
| As of December 31, 2016
| TDRs on Accrual Status |  | TDRs on Nonaccrual Status |  | Total
| Real Estate |  | Commercial Business |  | Other |  | Total |  | Real Estate |  | Commercial Business |  | Other |  | Total |
| (Dollars in thousands)
Payment concession | $ | 16,358 |  |  | $ | 29 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,387 |  |  | $ | 4,417 |  |  | $ | 1,717 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 6,134 |  |  | $ | 22,521 |
Maturity / amortization concession | 1,840 |  |  | 17,471 |  |  | 4,600 |  |  | 23,911 |  |  | 1,313 |  |  | 6,130 |  |  | 2,287 |  |  | 9,730 |  |  | 33,641 |
Rate concession | 6,856 |  |  | 1,665 |  |  | 55 |  |  | 8,576 |  |  | 5,590 |  |  | 387 |  |  | 155 |  |  | 6,132 |  |  | 14,708 |
Total | $ | 25,054 |  |  | $ | 19,165 |  |  | $ | 4,655 |  |  | $ | 48,874 |  |  | $ | 11,320 |  |  | $ | 8,234 |  |  | $ | 2,442 |  |  | $ | 21,996 |  |  | $ | 70,870 |
TDRs on accrual status are comprised of loans that were accruing at the time of restructuring and for which the Bank anticipates full repayment of both principal and interest under the restructured terms. TDRs that are on nonaccrual status can be returned to accrual status after a period of sustained performance, generally determined to be six months of timely payments as modified. Sustained performance includes the periods prior to the modification if the prior performance met or exceeded the modified terms. TDRs on accrual status at March 31, 2017 were comprised of 20 commercial real estate loans totaling $24.6 million, 24 commercial business loans totaling $19.8 million, and 24 other loans totaling $4.6 million. TDRs on accrual status at December 31, 2016 were comprised of 20 commercial real estate loans totaling $25.1 million, 23 commercial business loans totaling $19.2 million and 19 other loans totaling $4.7 million. The Company expects that TDRs on accrual status as of March 31, 2017, which were all performing in accordance with their restructured terms, to continue to comply with the restructured terms because of the reduced principal or interest payments on these loans. TDRs that were restructured at market interest rates and had sustained performance as agreed under the modified loan terms may be reclassified as non-TDRs after each year end but are reserved for under ASC 310-10. The Company has allocated $3.8 million and $5.3 million of specific reserves to TDRs as of March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. The following table presents the recorded investment of loans modified as TDRs during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and March 31, 2016 by class of loans:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 |  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
| Number of Loans |  | Pre- Modification |  | Post- Modification |  | Number of Loans |  | Pre- Modification |  | Post- Modification
| (Dollars in thousands)
Legacy Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Hotel & motel | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Gas station & car wash | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Mixed use | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Industrial & warehouse | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other | 1 |  |  | 482 |  |  | 482 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate - construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial business | 2 |  |  | 1,681 |  |  | 1,218 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 11,088 |  |  | 7,039 |
Trade finance | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 2,199 |  |  | 1,586 |
Consumer and other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Subtotal | 3 |  |  | $ | 2,163 |  |  | $ | 1,700 |  |  | 7 |  |  | $ | 13,287 |  |  | $ | 8,625 |
Acquired Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | — |
Hotel & motel | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Gas station & car wash | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Mixed use | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Industrial & warehouse | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other | 1 |  |  | 93 |  |  | 97 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate—construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial business | 2 |  |  | 649 |  |  | 561 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Trade finance | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer and other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 29 |
Subtotal | 3 |  |  | $ | 742 |  |  | $ | 658 |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 30 |  |  | $ | 29 |
Total | 6 |  |  | $ | 2,905 |  |  | $ | 2,358 |  |  | 8 |  |  | $ | 13,317 |  |  | $ | 8,654 |
For TDRs modified during the three months ended March 31, 2017, the Company recorded totaled $2 thousand in specific reserves. Total charge offs of TDR loans modified during the three months ended March 31, 2017 totaled $131 thousand. TDR loans modified during the three months ended March 31, 2016 had specific reserves of $2.1 million. There were no charge-offs for TDR loans modified during the three months ended March 31, 2016. The following table presents loans modified as TDRs within the previous twelve months and have subsequently had a payment default during the three months ended March 31, 2017:
| Three Months Ended March 31, 2017 |  | Three Months Ended March 31, 2016
| Number of Loans |  | Balance |  | Number of Loans |  | Balance
| (Dollars In thousands)
Legacy Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |
Hotel & motel | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Gas station & car wash | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2 |  |  | 729 |
Mixed Use | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Industrial & warehouse | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate—construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial business | 1 |  |  | 102 |  |  | 6 |  |  | 2,272 |
Trade finance | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer and other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Subtotal | 1 |  |  | $ | 102 |  |  | 8 |  |  | $ | 3,001 |
Acquired Loans: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Real estate—commercial |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Retail | — |  |  | $ | — |  |  | — |  |  | $ | — |
Hotel & motel | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Gas station & car wash | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Mixed Use | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1 |  |  | 62 |
Industrial & warehouse | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Real estate—construction | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Commercial business | 1 |  |  | 11 |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Trade finance | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Consumer and other | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Subtotal | 1 |  |  | $ | 11 |  |  | 1 |  |  | $ | 62 |
Total | 2 |  |  | $ | 113 |  |  | 9 |  |  | $ | 3,063 |
A loan is considered to be in payment default once it is 30 days contractually past due under the modified terms. As of March 31, 2017, the specific reserves totaled $10 thousand for the TDRs that had payment defaults during the three months ended March 31, 2017. The total charge offs for the TDRs that had payment defaults during the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $0. There was one commercial business Legacy Loan totaling $102 thousand that subsequently defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2017 that was modified through payment concession. There was one commercial business Acquired Loan totaling $11 thousand that subsequently defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2017 that was modified through payment concession. As of March 31, 2016, the specific reserves totaled $144 thousand for the TDRs that had payment defaults during the three months ended March 31, 2016. The total charge offs for the TDRs that had payment defaults during the three months ended March 31, 2016 were $30 thousand. There were eight Legacy Loans that subsequently defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2016 that were modified as follows: four Commercial Business loans totaling $2.0 million were modified through payment concessions, two Commercial Business loans totaling $249 thousand were modified through maturity concessions, and two Real Estate Commercial loans totaling $729 thousand were modified through maturity concessions. There was one Acquired Loan totaling $62 thousand that defaulted during the three months ended March 31, 2016 that was modified through payment concession. Covered Assets On April 16, 2010, the Department of Financial Institutions closed Innovative Bank, California, and appointed the FDIC as its receiver. On the same date, the Company assumed the banking operations of Innovative Bank from the FDIC under a purchase and assumption agreement and two related loss sharing agreements with the FDIC. These agreements provide for the sharing of losses and recoveries on the covered assets. The loss sharing provisions of the agreements expired on June 30, 2015, however, the Company will continue to reimburse the FDIC for recoveries on its covered assets until June 30, 2018. In addition, recently acquired Wilshire Bank had a loss sharing agreement with the FDIC related to loans acquired from Mirae Bank which was assumed by the Company in the acquisition of Wilshire in July 2016. The loss sharing agreement related to Wilshire with respect to losses on loans acquired from Mirae Bank expired in June 2014, however, the Company continued to reimburse the FDIC for recoveries on former Mirae Bank loans until June 2017. Under the terms of the agreements, the Company’s FDIC clawback liability was $2.0 million as of March 31, 2017. Covered nonperforming assets totaled $1.6 million and $2.5 million at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively. These covered nonperforming assets are subject to the loss sharing agreements with the FDIC. The covered nonperforming assets at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016 were as follows:
| March 31, 2017 |  | December 31, 2016
| (Dollars in thousands)
Covered loans on nonaccrual status | $ | 181 |  |  | $ | 189 |
Covered OREO | 1,400 |  |  | 2,306 |
Total covered nonperforming assets | $ | 1,581 |  |  | $ | 2,495 |
Acquired covered loans | $ | 32,010 |  |  | $ | 32,367 |

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