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Organization and Description of Business and Accounting Policies | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 28, 2018
Accounting Policies [Abstract] |
Basis of Presentation and Significant Accounting Policies | Note 1 — Organization and Description of Business and Accounting Policies Organization and Description of Business STAAR Surgical Company and subsidiaries (the “Company”), a Delaware corporation, was first incorporated in 1982 for the purpose of developing, producing, and marketing implantable lenses for the eye and delivery systems used to deliver the lenses into the eye. Principal products are implantable Collamer lenses (“ICLs”) and intraocular lenses (“IOLs”). ICLs, consisting of the Company’s ICL family of products, including the Toric implantable Collamer lenses (“TICL”) and EVO+ Visian ICL, are intraocular lenses used to correct refractive conditions such as myopia (near-sightedness), hyperopia (far-sightedness) and astigmatism. IOLs are prosthetic intraocular lenses used to restore vision that has been adversely affected by cataracts, and include the Company’s lines of silicone and Collamer IOLs and the Preloaded Injector (a silicone or acrylic IOL preloaded into a single-use disposable injector). As of December 28, 2018, the Company’s significant subsidiaries consisted of:
| • | STAAR Surgical AG, a wholly owned subsidiary formed in Switzerland that markets and distributes ICLs and Preloaded IOLs.
| • | STAAR Japan, a wholly owned subsidiary that markets and distributes Preloaded IOLs and ICLs.
The Company operates as one operating segment, the ophthalmic surgical market, for financial reporting purposes (see Note 16). Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of STAAR Surgical Company and its wholly-owned subsidiaries and have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“GAAP”). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Certain reclassifications have been made to financial statements of prior years to conform to the current year presentation (see Note 18). Fiscal Year and Interim Reporting Periods The Company’s fiscal year ends on the Friday nearest December 31 and each of the Company’s quarterly reporting periods generally consists of 13 weeks. Fiscal years 2018, 2017 and 2016 are based on a 52-week period. Foreign Currency The functional currency of the Company’s Japanese subsidiary, STAAR Japan, Inc., is the Japanese yen. The functional currency of the Company’s Swiss subsidiary, STAAR Surgical AG, is the U.S. dollar. Assets and liabilities of the Company’s Japanese subsidiary are translated at rates of exchange in effect at the close of the period. Sales and expenses are translated at the weighted average of exchange rates in effect during the period. Net foreign translation gain (loss) is as follows (in thousands):
|  | Years Ended |
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
Foreign currency translation gain(1) |  | $ | 242 |  |  | $ | 387 |  |  | $ | 224 |
Gain (loss) on foreign currency transactions(2) |  |  | (836 | ) |  |  | 819 |  |  |  | (147 | )
(1) | Shown as a separate line item on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss).
(2) | Shown as a separate line item on the Consolidated Statements of Operations.
Note 1 — Organization and Description of Business and Accounting Policies (Continued) Use of Estimates The consolidated financial statements have been prepared in conformity with GAAP and, as such, include amounts based on significant estimates and judgments of management with consideration given to materiality. Significant estimates used include determining valuation allowances for uncollectible trade receivables, sales returns reserves, obsolete and excess inventory reserves, deferred income taxes, and tax reserves, including valuation allowances for deferred tax assets, pension liabilities, evaluation of asset impairment, in determining the useful life of depreciable and definite-lived intangible assets, and in the variables and assumptions used to calculate and record stock-based compensation. Actual results could differ materially from those estimates. Cash and Cash Equivalents and Restricted Cash The Company considers all highly liquid investments purchased with a maturity of three months or less to be cash equivalents. The Company maintains cash deposits with major banks which from time to time may exceed federally insured limits. The Company periodically assesses the financial condition of the institutions and believes that the risk of any loss is minimal. The following table provides a reconciliation of cash, cash equivalents, and restricted cash reported within the Consolidated Balance Sheets that sum to the total of the same such amounts shown in the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows at December 28, 2018, December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016 (in 000’s):
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
Cash and cash equivalents |  | $ | 103,877 |  |  | $ | 18,520 |  |  | $ | 13,999 |
Restricted cash included in other long-term assets |  |  | 122 |  |  |  | 121 |  |  |  | 119 |
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash |  | $ | 103,999 |  |  | $ | 18,641 |  |  | $ | 14,118 |
The Company has restricted cash set aside as collateral for a standby letter of credit required by the California Department of Public Health for unforeseen future regulatory costs related to the decommissioning of certain manufacturing equipment. Revenue Recognition On December 30, 2017 (beginning of fiscal year 2018), the Company adopted Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) 2014-09, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606)” and its subsequent amendments: (i) ASU No. 2015-14, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Deferral of the Effective Date”; (ii) ASU No. 2016-10, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing;” (iii) ASU No. 2016-11, “Revenue Recognition (Topic 605) and Derivatives and Hedging (Topic 815): Rescission of SEC Guidance Because of Accounting Standards Updates 2014-09 and 2014-16 Pursuant to Staff Announcements at the March 3, 2016 EITF Meeting”; (iv) ASU No. 2016-12, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients”; and (v) ASU No. 2016-20, “Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Technical Corrections and Improvements to Topic 606”, using the modified retrospective method, and determined that there was no cumulative effect adjustment on the Consolidated Financial Statements. The Company determined that the adoption of the new standard did not materially impact the revenue recognition on its Consolidated Financial Statements. Revenue recognition for 2017 and 2016 continue to be in accordance with Topic 605. The Company recognizes revenue when its contractual performance obligations with customers are satisfied. The Company’s performance obligations are generally limited to single sales orders with product shipping to the customer within a month of receipt of the sales order. Substantially all of the Company’s revenues are recognized at a point-in-time when control of its products transfers to the customer, which is typically upon shipment (as discussed below). The Company presents sales tax and similar taxes it collects from its customers on a net basis (excluded from revenues). Note 1 — Organization and Description of Business and Accounting Policies (Continued) Revenue Recognition (Continued) The Company sells certain injector parts to an unrelated customer and supplier (collectively referred to as “supplier”) whereby these injector part sales are either made as a final sale to the supplier or, are sold to be combined with an acrylic IOL by the supplier into finished goods inventory (a preloaded acrylic IOL). These finished goods are then sold back to the Company at an agreed upon, contractual price. The Company makes a profit margin on either type of sale with the supplier and each type of sale is made under separate purchase and sales orders between the two parties resulting in cash settlement for the orders sold or repurchased. For parts that are sold as a final sale, the Company recognizes a sale and those sales are classified as other product sales in total net sales. For the injector parts that are sold to be combined with an acrylic IOL into finished goods, the Company records the transaction at its carrying value deferring any profit margin as contra-inventory, until the finished goods inventory is sold to an end-customer (not the supplier) at which point the Company recognizes revenues. For all sales, the Company is considered the principal in the transaction as the Company is the party providing specified goods it has control over prior to when control is transferred to the customer. Cost of sales includes cost of production, freight and distribution, and inventory provisions, net of any purchase discounts. Shipping and handling activities that occur after the customer obtains control of the goods are recognized as fulfillment costs. The Company disaggregates its revenue into the following categories: non-consignment sales and consignment sales. Non-consignment Sales The Company recognizes revenue from non-consignment product sales at a point-in-time when control has been transferred, which is typically at shipping point, except for certain customers and for the Company’s STAAR Japan subsidiary, which is typically recognized when the customer receives the product. The Company does not have significant deferred revenues as of December 28, 2018, December 29, 2017 or December 30, 2016, as delivery to the customer is generally made within the same or the next day of shipment. The Company also enters into certain strategic cooperation agreements with customers in which, as consideration for certain commitments made by the customer, including minimum purchase commitments, the Company agrees, among other things, to pay for marketing, educational training and general support of the Company’s products. The provisions in these arrangements allow for these payments to be made directly to the customer or payments can be made directly to a third party for distinct marketing, educational training and general support services provided to or on behalf of the customer by the third party. For payments the Company makes to another party, or reimburses the customer for distinct marketing and support services, the Company recognizes these payments as sales and marketing expense as incurred in accordance with ASC 606-10-32-25. These strategic cooperation agreements are generally for periods of 12 months or more with quarterly minimum purchase commitments. The Company recognizes sales and marketing expenses in the period in which it expects the customer will achieve its minimum purchase commitment, generally quarterly, and any unpaid amounts are recorded in Other Current Liabilities in “Other” on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, see Note 7. Reimbursements made directly to the customer for general marketing incentives are treated as a reduction in revenues. The Company’s performance obligations generally occur in the same quarter as the shipment of product. Since the payments for distinct or non-distinct services occur within the quarter corresponding with the purchases made by the customer and the shipments made by the Company to that customer, there is no remaining performance obligation by the Company to the customer. Accordingly, there are no deferred revenues associated with these types of arrangements as of December 28, 2018, December 29, 2017 or December 30, 2016. Note 1 — Organization and Description of Business and Accounting Policies (Continued) Revenue Recognition (Continued) Consignment Sales The Company’s products are marketed to ophthalmic surgeons, hospitals, ambulatory surgery centers or vision centers, and distributors. IOLs and ICLs may be offered to surgeons and hospitals on a consignment basis. The Company maintains title and risk of loss on consigned inventory and recognizes revenue for consignment inventory at a point-in-time when the Company is notified that the lenses have been implanted, thus completing the performance obligation. See Note 16 for additional information on disaggregation of revenues, geographic sales information and product sales. The following table summarizes the impact of adopting Topic 606 on the Company’s Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets for December 28, 2018 (in 000’s):
|  | As Reported |  |  | Adjustments |  |  | Balances without the adoption of 606 |
Accounts receivable trade, net |  | $ | 25,946 |  |  | $ | (2,895 | ) |  | $ | 23,051 |
Total current assets |  |  | 151,572 |  |  |  | (2,895 | ) |  |  | 148,677 |
Total assets |  |  | 167,339 |  |  |  | (2,895 | ) |  |  | 164,444 |
Allowance for sales returns |  |  | 2,895 |  |  |  | (2,895 | ) |  |  | — |
Total current liabilities |  |  | 27,728 |  |  |  | (2,895 | ) |  |  | 24,833 |
Total liabilities |  |  | 34,913 |  |  |  | (2,895 | ) |  |  | 32,018 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity |  |  | 167,339 |  |  |  | (2,895 | ) |  |  | 164,444 |
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts The Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers and adjusts credit limits based on customer payment history and credit worthiness, as determined by the Company’s review of its customers’ current credit information. The Company continuously monitors collections and payments from customers and maintains a provision for estimated credit losses and uncollectible accounts based upon its historical experience and any specific customer collection issues that have been identified. Amounts determined to be uncollectible are written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts. Concentration of Credit Risk and Revenues Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to credit risk principally consist of trade receivables. This risk is limited due to the large number of customers comprising the Company’s customer base, and their geographic dispersion. As of December 28, 2018 and December 29, 2017, there was one customer who accounted for 36% and 22% of the Company’s consolidated trade receivables, respectively. Ongoing credit evaluations of customers’ financial condition are performed and, generally, no collateral is required. The Company maintains reserves for potential credit losses and such losses, taken together, have not exceeded management’s expectations. There was one customer who accounted for 37%, 27% and 20% of the Company’s consolidated net sales for the years ended 2018, 2017 and 2016, respectively. Note 1 — Organization and Description of Business and Accounting Policies (Continued) Sales Return Reserve The Company generally may permit returns of product if the product, upon issuance of a Return Goods Authorization, is returned within the time allowed by its return policies and records an allowance for estimated returns at the time revenue is recognized. The Company’s allowance for estimated returns considers historical trends and experience, the impact of new product launches, the entry of a competitor, availability of timely and pertinent information and the various terms and arrangements offered, including sales with extended credit terms. For estimated returns, sales are reported net of estimated returns and cost of sales are reported net of estimated returns that can be resold. On the Consolidated Balance Sheets, the balances associated for estimated sales returns are as follows:
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |
Estimated returns - inventory(1) |  | $ | 722 |  |  | $ | 534 |
Allowance for sales returns(2) |  |  | 2,895 |  |  |  | 2,182 |
(1) | Recognized in inventories, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets
(2) | For 2017, recognized in accounts receivable trade, net on the Consolidated Balance Sheets
Fair Value of Financial Instruments Fair value is defined as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. To increase the comparability of fair value measures, the following hierarchy prioritizes the inputs to valuation methodologies used to measure fair value (ASC 820-10-50):
| • | Level 1 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets.
| • | Level 2 – Inputs to the valuation methodology include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, and inputs that are observable for the assets or liability, either directly or indirectly, for substantially the full term of the financial instruments.
| • | Level 3 – Inputs to the valuation methodology are unobservable; that reflect management’s own assumptions about the assumptions market participants would make and significant to the fair value.
The carrying values reflected on the Consolidated Balance Sheets for cash and cash equivalents, trade accounts receivable, net, prepayments, deposits and other current assets, accounts payable, other current liabilities and line of credit approximate their fair values because of the short maturity of these instruments. Inventories, Net Inventories, net are valued at the lower of cost, determined on a first-in, first-out basis, or net realizable value. Inventories include the costs of raw material, labor, and manufacturing overhead, work in process and finished goods. Inventories also include as a contra item, deferred margins for certain injector parts described under the revenue recognition policy. The Company provides estimated inventory allowances for excess, expiring, slow moving and obsolete inventory as well as inventory whose carrying value is in excess of net realizable value to properly reflect inventory at the lower of cost or market. Note 1 — Organization and Description of Business and Accounting Policies (Continued) Property, Plant, and Equipment Property, plant, and equipment are recorded at cost. Depreciation on property, plant, and equipment is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets as noted below. Leasehold improvements are amortized over the lesser of the estimated useful lives of the assets or the related lease term. Major improvements are capitalized and minor replacements, maintenance and repairs are charged to expense as incurred. The estimated useful lives of assets are as follows:
Machinery and equipment |  | 5-10 years
Furniture and equipment |  | 3-7 years
Computers, software, and peripherals |  | 2-5 years
Leasehold improvements |  | The shorter of the useful life of the asset or the term of the associated lease
Goodwill Goodwill, which has an indefinite life, is not amortized but instead is tested for impairment on an annual basis or between annual tests if an event occurs or circumstances change that would indicate the carrying amount may be impaired. Impairment testing for goodwill is done at the reporting unit level. Reporting units can be one level below the operating segment level, and can be combined when reporting units within the same operating segment have similar economic characteristics. The Company has determined that its reporting units have similar economic characteristics, and therefore, can be combined into one reporting unit for the purposes of goodwill impairment testing. The Company performed its annual impairment test and determined that its goodwill was not impaired. As of December 28, 2018 and December 29, 2017, the carrying value of goodwill was $1,786,000. Long-Lived Assets The Company reviews property, plant, and equipment and intangible assets, excluding goodwill, for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. The Company measures recoverability of these assets by comparing the carrying value of such assets to the estimated undiscounted future cash flows the assets are expected to generate. When the estimated undiscounted future cash flows are less than their carrying amount, an impairment loss is recognized equal to the difference between the assets’ fair value and their carrying value. A review of long lived assets was conducted as of December 28, 2018 and December 29, 2017 and no impairment was identified. Amortization is computed on the straight-line basis, which is the Company’s best estimate of the economic benefits realized over the estimated useful lives of the assets which range from 3 to 20 years for patents, certain acquired rights and licenses, 10 years for customer relationships, and 3 to 10 years for developed technology. Vendor Concentration As of December 28, 2018 there were no vendors which accounted for over 10% of the Company’s consolidated accounts payable. As of December 29, 2017, there was one vendor who accounted for 12% of the Company’s consolidated accounts payable. There was one vendor who accounted for 10% of the Company’s consolidated purchases for the year ended 2018. There were no vendors who accounted for over 10% of the Company’s consolidated purchases for the years ended 2017 and 2016, respectively. Note 1 — Organization and Description of Business and Accounting Policies (Continued) Research and Development Costs Expenditures for research activities relating to product development and improvement are charged to expense as incurred. Advertising Costs Advertising costs, which are included in marketing and selling expenses, are expensed as incurred, and were as follows (in thousands):
|  | Years Ended |
|  | 2018 |  |  | 2017 |  |  | 2016 |
Advertising costs |  | $ | 8,981 |  |  | $ | 6,102 |  |  | $ | 6,160 |
Income Taxes The Company recognizes deferred tax assets and liabilities for temporary differences between the financial reporting basis and the tax basis of the Company’s assets and liabilities, net operating loss and credit carryforwards, and uncertainty in income taxes, on a jurisdiction-by-jurisdiction basis. Valuation allowances, or reductions to deferred tax assets, are recognized if, based on the weight of available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all the deferred tax asset may not be realized or realizable in the jurisdiction in which they arise. The impact on deferred taxes of changes in tax rates and laws, if any, are applied to the years during which temporary differences are expected to be settled and reflected in the financial statements in the period of enactment. The Company recognizes the income tax benefit from an uncertain tax position when it is more likely than not that, based on technical merits, the position will be sustained upon examination, including resolutions of any related appeals or litigation processes. The amount of tax benefit recorded, if any, is limited to the amount that is greater than 50 percent likely to be realized upon settlement with the taxing authority (that has full knowledge of all relevant information). Accrued interest, if any, related to uncertain tax positions is included as a component of income tax expense, and penalties, if incurred, are recognized as a component of operating income or loss. The Company does not have any uncertain tax positions as of any of the periods presented. The Company did not incur significant interest and penalties for any period presented. On December 22, 2017, the United States enacted major tax reform legislation, the 2017 Tax Act, which enacted a broad range of changes to the federal tax code. Key provisions that could have an impact on the Company’s Consolidated Financial Statements are the deemed repatriation of foreign earnings, the remeasurement of certain net deferred assets and other liabilities for the change in the U.S. corporate tax rate from 35 percent to 21 percent, and the elimination of the alternative minimum tax (“AMT”) which were included in the Company’s 2017 Consolidated Financial Statements. We applied the guidance in SAB 118 when accounting for the enactment-date effects of the 2017 Tax Act in 2017 and throughout 2018. At December 28, 2018, we have completed our accounting for all the enactment-date income tax effects of the Tax Act. Beginning in 2017, the 2017 Tax Act subjects a U.S. shareholder to tax on Global Intangible Low Tax Income (“GILTI”) earned by certain foreign subsidiaries. In January 2018, the FASB released guidance (Staff Q&A Topic 740, No. 5) on the accounting for tax on the GILTI provisions of the 2017 Tax Act. In general, GILTI is the excess of a U.S. shareholder’s total net foreign income over a deemed return on tangible assets. The provision further allows a deduction of 50 percent of GILTI, however this deduction is limited by the Company’s pre-GILTI U.S. income. In addition, Staff Q&A Topic 740, No. 5 states that an entity can make an accounting policy election to either recognize deferred taxes for temporary basis differences expected to reverse as GILTI in future years or to provide for the tax expense related to GILTI in the year the tax is incurred as a period expense only. The Company has elected to account for GILTI as a current period expense when incurred. Note 1 — Organization and Description of Business and Accounting Policies (Continued) Basic and Diluted Net Income (Loss) Per Share The Company has only one class of common stock and no participating securities which would require the two-class method of calculating basic earnings per share. Basic per share information is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding, net of unvested restricted stock and unvested restricted stock units, during the period. Diluted per share information is calculated by dividing net income (loss) by the weighted average number of shares outstanding, adjusted for the effects of potentially dilutive common stock, which are comprised of outstanding warrants, stock options, unvested restricted stock, and restricted stock units, during the period, using the treasury-stock method (See Note 15). Employee Defined Benefit Plans The Company maintains a passive pension plan (the “Swiss Plan”) covering employees of its Swiss subsidiary. The Swiss Plan conforms to the features of a defined benefit plan. The Company also maintains a noncontributory defined benefit pension plan which covers substantially all the employees of STAAR Japan. The Company recognizes the funded status, or difference between the fair value of plan assets and the projected benefit obligations of the pension plan on the Consolidated Balance Sheets, with a corresponding adjustment to accumulated other comprehensive income (loss). If the projected benefit obligation exceeds the fair value of plan assets, then that difference or unfunded status represents the pension liability. The Company records a net periodic pension cost in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. The liabilities and annual income or expense of both plans are determined using methodologies that involve several actuarial assumptions, the most significant of which are the discount rate and the expected long-term rate of asset return (asset returns and fair-value of plan assets are applicable for the Swiss Plan only). The fair values of plan assets are determined based on prevailing market prices (see Note 10). Stock-Based Compensation Stock-based compensation expense for all stock-based compensation awards granted is based on the grant-date fair value. The Company recognizes these compensation costs on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of the award, which is generally the option vesting term of three to four years for executive officers and employees, and one year for members of its Board of Directors (the “Board”) (see Note 11). The Company also, at times, issues restricted stock to its executive officers, employees and the Board, which are restricted and unvested common shares issued at fair market value on the date of grant. For the restricted shares issued to the Board, the restricted stock vests over a one-year service period, for executive officers and employees, it is typically a three-year service period, and are subject to forfeiture (or acceleration, depending upon the circumstances) until vested or the service period is completed. Restricted stock compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period of one to three years, based on the grant-date fair value of the stock. Restricted stock is considered legally issued and outstanding on the grant date (see Notes 11 and 15). Note 1 — Organization and Description of Business and Accounting Policies (Continued) Stock-Based Compensation (Continued) The Company issues restricted stock units (“RSUs”) (see Note 11), which can have only a service condition or a performance contingent restricted stock award based upon the Company meeting certain internally established performance conditions that vest only if those conditions are met or exceeded and the grantee is still employed with the Company. Restricted stock unit compensation expense is recognized on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period. The Company recognizes compensation cost for the performance condition RSUs when the Company concludes that it is probable that the performance condition will be achieved, net of an estimate of pre-vesting forfeitures, over the requisite service period based on the grant-date fair value of the stock. The Company reassesses the probability of vesting at each reporting period and adjusts compensation cost based on its probability assessment. Once the RSUs are vested, equivalent common shares will be issued or issuable to the grantee and therefore the RSUs are not included in total common shares issued and outstanding until vested (see Notes 11 and 15). The Company accounts for options granted to persons other than employees and directors under ASC 505-50, Equity –Based Payments to Non-Employees. The fair value of such options is re-measured each reporting period using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model and income or expense is recognized over the vesting period for changes to the fair value for the unvested options. As the options vest, no such re-measurement is necessary or performed. Comprehensive Income (Loss) The Company presents comprehensive income (loss) in the Consolidated Balance Sheets and the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income (Loss). Total comprehensive income (loss) includes, in addition to the net income (loss), changes in equity that are excluded from the Consolidated Statements of Operations and are recorded directly into a separate section of stockholders’ equity on the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The following table summarizes the changes in the accumulated balances for each component of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) attributable to the Company for the years ended December 28, 2018, December 29, 2017 and December 30, 2016 (in thousands):
|  | Foreign Currency Translation |  |  | Defined Benefit Pension Plan – Japan |  |  | Defined Benefit Pension Plan – Switzerland |  |  | Accumulated Other Com- prehensive Income (Loss) |
Balance at January 1, 2016 |  | $ | (145 | ) |  | $ | 95 |  |  | $ | (1,530 | ) |  | $ | (1,580 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | 224 |  |  |  | (9 | ) |  |  | 426 |  |  |  | 641 |
Tax effect |  |  | (68 | ) |  |  | 2 |  |  |  | (45 | ) |  |  | (111 | )
Balance at December 30, 2016 |  |  | 11 |  |  |  | 88 |  |  |  | (1,149 | ) |  |  | (1,050 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | 387 |  |  |  | (6 | ) |  |  | (406 | ) |  |  | (25 | )
Tax effect |  |  | (120 | ) |  |  | 6 |  |  |  | 39 |  |  |  | (75 | )
Balance at December 29, 2017 |  |  | 278 |  |  |  | 88 |  |  |  | (1,516 | ) |  |  | (1,150 | )
Other comprehensive income (loss) |  |  | 242 |  |  |  | (107 | ) |  |  | (290 | ) |  |  | (155 | )
Tax effect |  |  | (74 | ) |  |  | 29 |  |  |  | 30 |  |  |  | (15 | )
Balance at December 28, 2018 |  | $ | 446 |  |  | $ | 10 |  |  | $ | (1,776 | ) |  | $ | (1,320 | )
Note 1 — Organization and Description of Business and Accounting Policies (Continued) Recently Adopted Accounting Pronouncements On December 30, 2017 (beginning of fiscal year 2018), the Company adopted ASU 2017-09 “Compensation – Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Scope of Modification Accounting,” which amends the scope of modification accounting for share-based payment arrangements, provides guidance on the types of changes to the terms or conditions of share-based payment awards to which an entity would be required to apply modification accounting under ASC 718. The adoption of ASU 2017-09 did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements. On December 30, 2017 (beginning of fiscal year 2018), the Company adopted ASU 2017-07, “Compensation-Retirement Benefits (Topic 715): Improving the Presentation of Net Periodic Pension Cost and Net Periodic Postretirement Benefit Cost.” The standard requires that an employer report the service cost component in the same line items as other compensation costs arising from services rendered by the pertinent employees during the period. The other components of net benefit cost are required to be presented in the income statement separately from the service cost component and outside of operating profit. The adoption of ASU 2017-09 did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements, see Note 10 for additional information. On December 30, 2017 (beginning of fiscal year 2018), the Company adopted ASU 2016-16, “Income Taxes (Topic 740): Intra-Entity Transfers of Assets Other Than Inventory”, which removes the prohibition in ASC 740 against the immediate recognition of the current and deferred income tax effects of intra-entity transfers of assets other than inventory, using the modified retrospective method, and determined that there was no cumulative effect adjustment on the Consolidated Financial Statements. The adoption of ASU 2016-16 did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements. On December 30, 2017 (beginning of fiscal year 2018), the Company adopted ASU 2016-15, “Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments” (“ASU 2016-15”), which clarifies how companies present and classify certain cash receipts and cash payments in the statement of cash flows. The adoption of ASU 2016-15 did not have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements. Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted In February 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-02, “Leases (Topic 842)”, which requires lessees to recognize assets and liabilities for leases with lease terms greater than twelve months in the statement of financial position. Leases will be classified as either finance or operating, with classification affecting the pattern of expense recognition in the income statement. ASU 2016-02 also requires improved disclosures to help users of financial statements better understand the amount, timing and uncertainty of cash flows arising from leases. The update is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, including interim reporting periods within that reporting period. Early adoption is permitted. In July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-10, “Codification Improvements to Topic 842, Leases,” which narrows aspects of the guidance issued in ASU 2016-02 including those regarding residual value guarantees, rate implicit in the lease, lessee reassessment of lease classification, lessor reassessment of lease term and purchase option, variable lease payments that depend on an index or a rate, investment tax credits, lease term and purchase option, transition guidance for amounts previously recognized in business combinations, certain transition adjustments, transition guidance for leases previously classified as capital leases under Topic 840, transition guidance for modifications to leases previously classified as direct financing or sales-type leases under Topic 840, transition guidance for sale and leaseback transactions, impairment of net investment in the lease, unguaranteed residual asset, effect of initial direct costs on rate implicit in the lease, and failed sale and leaseback transactions. Note 1 — Organization and Description of Business and Accounting Policies (Continued) Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted (Continued) Also, in July 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-11, “Leases (Topic 842): Targeted improvements,” which provide an additional and optional transition method to adopt the new leases standard. Under this new transition method, an entity initially applies the new leases standard at the adoption date and recognizes a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. Consequently, an entity’s reporting for the comparative periods presented in the financial statements in which it adopts the new leases standard will continue to be in accordance with current GAAP (Topic 840, Leases). The Company is nearing the completion of its assessment and is performing a final review of its evaluation of the new standard. The Company elected to use the practical expedients of not assessing expired contracts, using current lease classification and not assessing any initial direct costs. The Company has also elected not to capitalize leases that have terms of less than 12 months. The Company will initially apply the new standard on December 29, 2018 (beginning of fiscal year 2019) and recognize a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings. The Company is still evaluating the effects on its financial statement disclosures. The Company expects to apply the modified retrospective method to adopt the standard on December 29, 2018 (beginning of fiscal year 2019) and has determined that the cumulative adjustment to the accumulated deficit will decrease by $115,000. The Company has determined that the initial operating lease right of use asset, net and the operating lease liability is approximately $5,800,000 and has also determined that the finance lease right of use asset, net (which is currently recognized in property, plant and equipment, net) is approximately $3,300,000. In February 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-02, “Income Statement – Reporting Comprehensive Income (Topic 220): Reclassification of Certain Tax Effects from Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income,” provides an option to reclassify stranded tax effects within Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income to retained earnings in each period in which the effect of the change in the U.S. federal corporate income tax rate in the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act is recorded. This is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company will adopt this standard as of December 29, 2018 (beginning of fiscal year 2019). The adoption of ASU 2018‑02 is not expected to have a material impact on the Consolidated Financial Statements. In June 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-07, “Compensation-Stock Compensation (Topic 718): Improvements to Nonemployee Share-Based Payment Accounting,” aligns the accounting for share-based payments to nonemployees similar to employees. This is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2018, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is permitted. The Company will adopt this standard as of December 29, 2018 (beginning of fiscal year 2019) and has determined that the cumulative adjustment to the accumulated deficit will decrease by $315,000. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-13, “Fair Value Measurement (Topic 820): Disclosure Framework – Changes to the Disclosure Requirements for Fair Value Measurement,” which modifies certain disclosures requirements for reporting fair value measurements. This is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2019. Early adoption is permitted. The Company will adopt this standard as of January 4, 2020 (beginning of fiscal year 2020) and is currently evaluating the disclosure requirements and its effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements. In August 2018, the FASB issued ASU 2018-14, “Compensation – Retirement Benefits – Defined Benefit Plans – General (Subtopic 715-20); Disclosure Framework – Changes in the Disclosure Requirement for Defined Benefit Plans,” which modifies disclosure requirements for employers that sponsor defined benefit pension or other post retirement plans. This is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2020. Early adoption is permitted. The Company will adopt this standard as of January 2, 2021 (beginning of fiscal year 2021) and is currently evaluating the disclosure requirements and its effect on the Consolidated Financial Statements.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the basis of presentation and significant accounting policies concepts. Basis of presentation describes the underlying basis used to prepare the financial statements (for example, US Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, Other Comprehensive Basis of Accounting, IFRS). Accounting policies describe all significant accounting policies of the reporting entity. + References Reference 1: http://fasb.org/us-gaap/role/ref/legacyRef -Publisher FASB -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Topic 235 -URI http://asc.fasb.org/topic&trid=2122369 + Details
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