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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

| ☒ | QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended June 30, 2023
or

| ☐ | TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to
Commission file Number: 0-10546

DISTRIBUTION SOLUTIONS GROUP, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

Delaware |  | 36-2229304
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) |  | (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)
8770 W. Bryn Mawr Avenue, Suite 900, | Chicago, | Illinois |  | 60631
(Address of principal executive offices) |  | (Zip Code)

(773) 304-5050
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of each class |  | Trading Symbol |  | Name of each exchange on which registered
Common stock, $1.00 par value |  | DSGR |  | NASDAQ Global Select Market

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ý No ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer | ¨ | Accelerated filer | ☒
Non-accelerated filer | ¨ | Smaller reporting company | ☒
|  | Emerging growth company | ☐

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes ¨ No ý
As of July 24, 2023, 23,349,735 shares of common stock, $1.00 par value, were outstanding.
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|  | Page #
PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
Item 1. | Financial Statements | 5
| Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets as of June 30, 2023 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2022 | 5
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 20 22 (Unaudited) | 6
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders' Equity for the Three and Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 20 22 (Unaudited) | 7
| Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 and 20 22 (Unaudited) | 9
| Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited) | 11
Item 2. | Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations | 33
Item 3. | Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk | 52
Item 4. | Controls and Procedures | 52
PART II - OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. | Legal Proceedings | 53
Item 1A. | Risk Factors | 53
Item 6. | Exhibits | 55
| SIGNATURES | 56

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT REGARDING FORWARD LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains certain “forward-looking statements” that involve risks and uncertainties. Terms such as “aim,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “contemplates,” “continues,” “could,” “ensure,” “estimate,” “expect,” “forecasts,” “if,” “intend,” “likely,” “may,” “might,” “objective,” “outlook,” “plan,” “positioned,” “potential,” “predict,” “probable,” “project,” “shall,” “should,” “strategy,” “will,” “would,” and variations of them and other words and terms of similar meaning and expression (and the negatives of such words and terms) are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Forward-looking statements can also be identified by the fact that they do not relate strictly to historical or current facts. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve risks, uncertainties and assumptions that are difficult to predict. These statements are based on management’s current expectations, intentions or beliefs as of the date they are made and are subject to a number of factors, assumptions and uncertainties that could cause actual results to differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements. Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences or that might otherwise impact our business, financial condition and results of operations include:
•inventory obsolescence;
•work stoppages and other disruptions at transportation centers or shipping ports;
•the reliance of TestEquity Acquisition, LLC ("TestEquity") on a significant supplier for a significant amount of its product inventory;
•changes in our customers, product mix and pricing strategy;
•disruptions of our information and communication systems;
•cyber-attacks or other information security incidents;
•the inability to successfully recruit, integrate and retain productive sales representatives;
•difficulties in integrating the business operations of TestEquity and 301 HW Opus Holdings, Inc., which conducts business as Gexpro Services ("Gexpro Services"), with our legacy Lawson Products, Inc. operations, and/or the failure to successfully combine those operations within our expected timetable;
•failure to retain talented employees, managers and executives;
•the inability of management to successfully implement changes in operating processes;
•various risks involved in any pursuit or completion by us of additional acquisitions;
•competition in the markets in which we operate;
•potential impairment charges for goodwill and other intangible assets;
•changes that affect governmental and other tax-supported entities;
•our significant amount of indebtedness;
•failure to adequately fund our operating and working capital needs through cash generated from operations and borrowings available under our credit facility;
•failure to meet the covenant requirements of our credit facility;
•government efforts to combat inflation, along with other interest rate pressures, could lead to higher financing costs;
•declines in the market price of our common stock (the "DSG common stock");
•the significant influence of Luther King Capital Management Corporation ("LKCM") over the Company in light of its ownership percentage;
•any sales of shares of DSG common stock held by entities affiliated with LKCM or the possibility of any such sales;
•violations of environmental protection regulations;
•changes in tax matters;
•risks arising from our international operations;
•potential limitations on our ability to use our net operating losses and certain other tax attributes generated prior to the Mergers (as defined below);
•public health emergencies;
•business uncertainties as a result of the Mergers;
•stockholder litigation relating to the Mergers;
•TestEquity and/or Gexpro Services may not have in place the financial organization, reporting and internal controls necessary for a public company;
•a downturn in the economy or in certain sectors of the economy;
•changes in energy costs, tariffs, transportation costs and the cost of raw materials used in our products, and other inflationary pressures;
•supply chain constraints, inflationary pressure and labor shortages;
•foreign currency exchange rate changes; and
•the other factors discussed in the “Risk Factors” section of our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2022 and the “Risk Factors” section of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
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We undertake no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement contained herein, whether to reflect events or circumstances after the date on which such statement is made or to reflect the occurrence of unanticipated events or otherwise, except as may be required under applicable law.
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PART I - FINANCIAL INFORMATION
ITEM 1 - FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Distribution Solutions Group, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(Dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
ASSETS |  |  |
Current assets: |  |  |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 44,244 |  |  | $ | 24,554 |
Restricted cash | 20,607 |  |  | 186 |
Accounts receivable, less allowances of $3,678 and $1,513, respectively | 238,705 |  |  | 166,301 |
Inventories, net | 326,236 |  |  | 264,374 |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | 32,999 |  |  | 22,773 |
Total current assets | 662,791 |  |  | 478,188 |
Property, plant and equipment, net | 113,329 |  |  | 64,395 |
Rental equipment, net | 27,106 |  |  | 27,139 |
Goodwill | 398,663 |  |  | 348,048 |
Deferred tax asset | 7 |  |  | 189 |
Intangible assets, net | 277,537 |  |  | 227,994 |
Cash value of life insurance | 17,628 |  |  | 17,166 |
Right of use operating lease assets | 65,772 |  |  | 46,755 |
Other assets | 7,246 |  |  | 5,736 |
Total assets | $ | 1,570,079 |  |  | $ | 1,215,610 |
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY |  |  |
Current liabilities: |  |  |
Accounts payable | $ | 88,977 |  |  | $ | 80,486 |
Current portion of long-term debt | 32,386 |  |  | 16,352 |
Current portion of lease liabilities | 12,836 |  |  | 9,964 |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | 92,999 |  |  | 62,677 |
Total current liabilities | 227,198 |  |  | 169,479 |
Long-term debt, less current portion, net | 558,845 |  |  | 395,825 |
Lease liabilities | 57,735 |  |  | 39,828 |
Deferred tax liability | 25,905 |  |  | 23,834 |
Other liabilities | 24,403 |  |  | 23,649 |
Total liabilities | 894,086 |  |  | 652,615 |
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14) |  |  |
Stockholders’ equity: |  |  |
Preferred stock, $1 par value: |  |  |
Authorized - 500,000 shares, issued and outstanding — None | — |  |  | — |
Common stock, $1 par value: |  |  |
Authorized - 35,000,000 shares Issued - 23,667,064 and 19,730,362 shares, respectively Outstanding - 23,349,735 and 19,416,784 shares, respectively | 23,350 |  |  | 19,417 |
Capital in excess of par value | 688,983 |  |  | 591,796 |
Retained deficit | (16,809) |  |  | (25,736) |
Treasury stock – 317,329 and 313,578 shares, respectively | (12,697) |  |  | (12,526) |
Accumulated other comprehensive (loss) income | (6,834) |  |  | (9,956) |
Total stockholders’ equity | 675,993 |  |  | 562,995 |
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity | $ | 1,570,079 |  |  | $ | 1,215,610 |

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
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Distribution Solutions Group, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss)
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Revenue | $ | 377,984 |  |  | $ | 321,336 |  |  | $ | 726,254 |  |  | $ | 475,421 |
Cost of goods sold | 241,961 |  |  | 206,781 |  |  | 457,360 |  |  | 319,982 |
Gross profit | 136,023 |  |  | 114,555 |  |  | 268,894 |  |  | 155,439 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 122,247 |  |  | 110,442 |  |  | 238,397 |  |  | 148,338 |
Operating income (loss) | 13,776 |  |  | 4,113 |  |  | 30,497 |  |  | 7,101 |
Interest expense | (9,492) |  |  | (3,751) |  |  | (17,162) |  |  | (10,607) |
Loss on extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | (2,814) |  |  | — |  |  | (3,395) |
Change in fair value of earnout liabilities | 36 |  |  | (5,693) |  |  | (21) |  |  | (5,693) |
Other income (expense), net | (761) |  |  | (182) |  |  | (1,736) |  |  | 774 |
Income (loss) before income taxes | 3,559 |  |  | (8,327) |  |  | 11,578 |  |  | (11,820) |
Income tax expense (benefit) | 535 |  |  | (3,612) |  |  | 2,647 |  |  | (4,568) |
Net income (loss) | $ | 3,024 |  |  | $ | (4,715) |  |  | $ | 8,931 |  |  | $ | (7,252) |
Basic income (loss) per share of common stock | $ | 0.14 |  |  | $ | (0.23) |  |  | $ | 0.42 |  |  | $ | (0.47) |
Diluted income (loss) per share of common stock | $ | 0.14 |  |  | $ | (0.23) |  |  | $ | 0.41 |  |  | $ | (0.47) |
Comprehensive income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | 3,024 |  |  | $ | (4,715) |  |  | $ | 8,931 |  |  | $ | (7,252) |
Other comprehensive income (loss), net of tax: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | 1,083 |  |  | (2,491) |  |  | 3,707 |  |  | (2,320) |
Other | (385) |  |  | — |  |  | (585) |  |  | — |
Comprehensive income (loss) | $ | 3,722 |  |  | $ | (7,206) |  |  | $ | 12,053 |  |  | $ | (9,572) |

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
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Distribution Solutions Group, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
(Dollars in thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)

| Common Stock |  | Capital in Excess of Par Value |  |  |  |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Total Stockholders' Equity
| Outstanding Shares |  | $1 Par Value |  |  | Retained Deficit |  | Treasury Stock |  |
Balance at January 1, 2023 | 19,416,784 |  |  | $ | 19,417 |  |  | $ | 591,796 |  |  | $ | (25,736) |  |  | $ | (12,526) |  |  | $ | (9,956) |  |  | $ | 562,995 |
Net income (loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,907 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,907 |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 2,624 |  |  | 2,624 |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 773 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 773 |
Stock-based compensation liability paid in shares | — |  |  | — |  |  | 227 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 227 |
Shares issued | 11,144 |  |  | 11 |  |  | (11) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Shares issued - earnout | 1,700,000 |  |  | 1,700 |  |  | (1,700) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Tax withholdings related to net share settlements of stock-based compensation awards | (2,639) |  |  | (3) |  |  | 3 |  |  | — |  |  | (117) |  |  | — |  |  | (117) |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | 204 |  |  | (4) |  |  | — |  |  | (200) |  |  | — |
Balance at March 31, 2023 | 21,125,289 |  |  | $ | 21,125 |  |  | $ | 591,292 |  |  | $ | (19,833) |  |  | $ | (12,643) |  |  | $ | (7,532) |  |  | $ | 572,409 |
Net income (loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,024 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 3,024 |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,083 |  |  | 1,083 |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,062 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,062 |
Issuance of common stock in rights offering, net of offering costs of $1,531 | 2,222,222 |  |  | 2,222 |  |  | 96,247 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 98,469 |
Shares issued | 3,336 |  |  | 4 |  |  | (4) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Tax withholdings related to net share settlements of stock-based compensation awards | (1,112) |  |  | (1) |  |  | 1 |  |  | — |  |  | (54) |  |  | — |  |  | (54) |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | 385 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (385) |  |  | — |
Balance at June 30, 2023 | 23,349,735 |  |  | $ | 23,350 |  |  | $ | 688,983 |  |  | $ | (16,809) |  |  | $ | (12,697) |  |  | $ | (6,834) |  |  | $ | 675,993 |

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
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Distribution Solutions Group, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders’ Equity
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| Common Stock |  | Capital in Excess of Par Value |  |  |  |  |  | Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |  | Total Stockholders' Equity
| Outstanding Shares |  | $1 Par Value |  |  | Retained Deficit |  | Treasury Stock |  |
Balance at January 1, 2022 | 10,294,824 |  |  | $ | 10,318 |  |  | $ | 197,057 |  |  | $ | (33,142) |  |  | $ | (10,033) |  |  | $ | 1,569 |  |  | $ | 165,769 |
Net income (loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,537) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,537) |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 171 |  |  | 171 |
Shares issued | 6,065 |  |  | 6 |  |  | (6) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Tax withholdings related to net share settlements of stock-based compensation awards | (889) |  |  | — |  |  | 33 |  |  | — |  |  | (33) |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | (95) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (95) |
Balance at March 31, 2022 | 10,300,000 |  |  | $ | 10,324 |  |  | $ | 196,989 |  |  | $ | (35,679) |  |  | $ | (10,066) |  |  | $ | 1,740 |  |  | $ | 163,308 |
Net income (loss) | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,715) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (4,715) |
Foreign currency translation adjustment | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,491) |  |  | (2,491) |
Stock-based compensation | — |  |  | — |  |  | 573 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 573 |
Shares issued | 25,682 |  |  | 24 |  |  | (24) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |
Deemed consideration for reverse acquisition | 9,120,167 |  |  | 9,120 |  |  | 342,371 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 351,491 |
Reclassification of issuable shares from earnout derivative liability | — |  |  | — |  |  | 26,593 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 26,593 |
Fair value adjustment of stock-based compensation awards | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,910 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,910 |
Tax withholdings related to net share settlements of stock-based compensation awards | (1,867) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (78) |  |  | — |  |  | (78) |
Settlement of related party liability | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,276 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 5,276 |
Other | — |  |  | — |  |  | (39) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (39) |
Balance at June 30, 2022 | 19,443,982 |  |  | $ | 19,468 |  |  | $ | 573,649 |  |  | $ | (40,394) |  |  | $ | (10,144) |  |  | $ | (751) |  |  | $ | 541,828 |

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
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Distribution Solutions Group, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
Operating activities |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | 8,931 |  |  | $ | (7,252) |
Adjustments to reconcile to net cash used in operating activities: |  |  |
Depreciation and amortization | 30,306 |  |  | 22,335 |
Amortization of debt issue costs | 1,002 |  |  | 421 |
Extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | 3,395 |
Stock-based compensation | 4,392 |  |  | 4,013 |
Deferred income taxes | 86 |  |  | (420) |
Change in fair value of earnout liabilities | 21 |  |  | 5,693 |
Gain on sale of rental equipment | (1,377) |  |  | (1,821) |
Loss on sale of property, plant and equipment | 215 |  |  | — |
Charge for step-up of acquired inventory | 716 |  |  | — |
Net realizable value and reserve adjustment for obsolete and excess inventory | — |  |  | 1,377 |
Bad debt expense | 933 |  |  | 244 |
Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of acquisitions: |  |  |
Accounts receivable | (4,799) |  |  | (27,639) |
Inventories | 962 |  |  | (28,983) |
Prepaid expenses and other current assets | (6,405) |  |  | (13,777) |
Accounts payable | (8,936) |  |  | (5,254) |
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities | (624) |  |  | 9,957 |
Other changes in operating assets and liabilities | 2,041 |  |  | (1,832) |
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | 27,464 |  |  | (39,543) |
Investing activities |  |  |
Purchases of property, plant and equipment | (7,796) |  |  | (3,410) |
Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired | (252,007) |  |  | (113,781) |
Purchases of rental equipment | (5,990) |  |  | (4,878) |
Proceeds from sale of rental equipment | 2,969 |  |  | 6,783 |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | (262,824) |  |  | (115,286) |
Financing activities |  |  |
Proceeds from revolving lines of credit | 161,684 |  |  | 166,200 |
Payments on revolving lines of credit | (274,134) |  |  | (67,687) |
Proceeds from term loans | 305,000 |  |  | 377,552 |
Payments on term loans | (11,250) |  |  | (307,490) |
Deferred financing costs | (3,419) |  |  | (11,415) |
Proceeds from rights offering, net of offering costs of $1,531 | 98,469 |  |  | — |
Shares repurchased held in treasury | (171) |  |  | (78) |
Payment of financing lease principal | (249) |  |  | (39) |
Payment of earnout | (1,000) |  |  | — |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | 274,930 |  |  | 157,043 |
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents | 541 |  |  | 1,181 |
Increase (decrease) in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | 40,111 |  |  | 3,395 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at beginning of period | 24,740 |  |  | 14,671 |
Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash at end of period | $ | 64,851 |  |  | $ | 18,066 |
Cash and cash equivalents | $ | 44,244 |  |  | $ | 17,872 |
Restricted cash | 20,607 |  |  | 194 |
Total cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash | $ | 64,851 |  |  | $ | 18,066 |

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
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Distribution Solutions Group, Inc.
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)
(Dollars in thousands)
(Unaudited)

| Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information |  |  |
Net cash paid for income taxes | $ | 5,444 |  |  | $ | 6,267 |
Net cash paid for interest | $ | 8,334 |  |  | $ | 10,600 |
Non-cash activities: |  |  |
Fair value of common stock exchanged for reverse acquisition | $ | — |  |  | $ | 351,491 |
Settlement of related party obligations | $ | — |  |  | $ | 5,276 |
Additions of property, plant and equipment included in accounts payable | $ | 1,566 |  |  | $ | 135 |
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for finance lease liabilities | $ | 329 |  |  | $ | 713 |
Right of use assets obtained in exchange for operating lease liabilities | $ | 4,840 |  |  | $ | 10,291 |

See notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
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Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)
Note 1 – Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation
Organization
Distribution Solutions Group, Inc., a Delaware corporation ("DSG"), is a global specialty distribution company providing value-added distribution solutions to the maintenance, repair and operations ("MRO"), original equipment manufacturer ("OEM") and industrial technology markets. DSG has three principal operating companies: Lawson Products, Inc., an Illinois corporation ("Lawson"), TestEquity Acquisition, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company ("TestEquity"), and 301 HW Opus Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation conducting business as Gexpro Services ("Gexpro Services"). The complementary distribution operations of Lawson, TestEquity and Gexpro Services were combined on April 1, 2022 to create a specialty distribution company. A summary of the Mergers (as defined below), including the legal entities party to the transactions and the stock consideration, is presented below.
Unless the context requires otherwise, references in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q to “DSG”, the “Company”, "we", "our" or "us" refer to the holding company, Distribution Solutions Group, Inc., and all entities consolidated in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Recent Events
HIS Company, Inc. Acquisition
On March 30, 2023, DSG entered into a Stock Purchase Agreement (the “Purchase Agreement”), with various parties for the acquisition of all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of HIS Company, Inc., a Texas corporation (“Hisco,” and the "Hisco Transaction"), a distributor of specialty products serving industrial technology applications. DSG completed the Hisco Transaction on June 8, 2023. The total purchase consideration exchanged for the Hisco Transaction was $270.4 million, net of cash, at closing, with a potential additional earn-out payment subject to Hisco achieving certain performance targets. DSG will also pay $37.5 million in cash or DSG common stock in retention bonuses to certain Hisco employees that remain employed with Hisco or its affiliates for at least twelve months after the closing of the Hisco Transaction. In connection with the Hisco Transaction, DSG combined the operations of TestEquity and Hisco. DSG funded the Hisco Transaction using a combination of its amended and restated credit facility and proceeds raised from the Rights Offering (as defined below) with existing stockholders, both discussed below. Refer to Note 3 – Business Acquisitions for further details about Hisco and the Hisco Transaction.
Debt Amendment
On June 8, 2023, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into the First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “First Amendment”), which amended the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2022 (as amended by the First Amendment, the “2023 Credit Agreement”), by and among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company as borrowers or guarantors, the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent. The First Amendment provides for a $305 million incremental term loan and for the Company to increase the commitments from time to time by up to $200 million in the aggregate, subject to, among other things, receipt of additional commitments from existing and/or new lenders and pro forma compliance with certain financial covenants. Refer to Note 9 – Debt for additional information about the 2023 Credit Agreement.
Rights Offering
On May 30, 2023, the Company issued 2,222,222 shares of DSG common stock for approximately $100 million pursuant to a subscription rights offering (the "Rights Offering"). The Rights Offering provided one transferable subscription right for each share of DSG common stock held by holders of DSG common stock on record as of the close of business on May 1, 2023. Each subscription right entitled the holder to purchase 0.105 shares of DSG common stock at a subscription price of $45.00 per share. The subscription rights were transferable, but were not listed for trading on any stock exchange or market. In addition, holders of subscription rights who fully exercised their subscription rights were entitled to oversubscribe for additional shares of DSG common stock, subject to proration. Refer to Note 11 – Stockholders' Equity for additional information about the Rights Offering.
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Combination with TestEquity and Gexpro Services
On December 29, 2021, DSG entered into:
• an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “TestEquity Merger Agreement”) by and among (i) LKCM TE Investors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “TestEquity Equityholder”), (ii) TestEquity, which was a wholly-owned subsidiary of the TestEquity Equityholder, (iii) DSG and (iv) Tide Sub, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of DSG (“Merger Sub 1”), pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions of which the parties agreed, among other things, that Merger Sub 1 would merge with and into TestEquity, with TestEquity surviving the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of DSG (the “TestEquity Merger”); and
• an Agreement and Plan of Merger (the “Gexpro Services Merger Agreement” and, together with the TestEquity Merger Agreement, the “Merger Agreements”) by and among (i) 301 HW Opus Investors, LLC, a Delaware limited liability company (the “Gexpro Services Stockholder”), (ii) Gexpro Services, which was a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Gexpro Services Stockholder, (iii) DSG and (iv) Gulf Sub, Inc., a Delaware corporation and a wholly-owned subsidiary of DSG (“Merger Sub 2”), pursuant to the terms and subject to the conditions of which the parties agreed, among other things, that Merger Sub 2 would merge with and into Gexpro Services, with Gexpro Services surviving the merger as a wholly-owned subsidiary of DSG (the “Gexpro Services Merger” and, together with the TestEquity Merger, the “Mergers”).
At the closing of the Mergers, each outstanding share of TestEquity and Gexpro Services common stock outstanding immediately prior to the closing of the Mergers was converted into approximately 0.3618 shares and 0.7675 shares, respectively, of DSG common stock, based on the ratio of outstanding shares of each entity immediately prior to the Mergers to the number of shares of DSG common stock acquired in the Mergers.
Completion of the TestEquity Merger
On April 1, 2022 (the "Merger Date"), the TestEquity Merger was consummated pursuant to the TestEquity Merger Agreement. In accordance with the TestEquity Merger Agreement, Merger Sub 1 merged with and into TestEquity, with TestEquity surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of DSG.
In accordance with and under the terms of the TestEquity Merger Agreement, in connection with the closing of the TestEquity Merger on the Merger Date, DSG: (i) issued to the TestEquity Equityholder 3,300,000 shares of DSG common stock, (ii) on behalf of TestEquity, paid certain indebtedness of TestEquity and (iii) on behalf of TestEquity, paid certain transaction expenses of TestEquity.
The TestEquity Merger Agreement provided that up to an additional 700,000 shares of DSG common stock would be potentially issuable to the TestEquity Equityholder in accordance with, and subject to the terms and conditions of, the earnout provisions of the TestEquity Merger Agreement. On March 20, 2023, DSG issued 700,000 shares of DSG common stock to the TestEquity Equityholder (the "TestEquity Holdback Shares") pursuant to the terms of the earnout provisions of the TestEquity Merger Agreement. The TestEquity Holdback Shares issued represented the maximum number of additional shares that could be issued under the TestEquity Merger Agreement, and no further shares are available for issuance, and no additional shares will be issued, in connection with the TestEquity Merger Agreement. Refer to Note 8 – Earnout Liabilities for information about the earnout derivative liability related to the TestEquity Holdback Shares.
Completion of the Gexpro Services Merger
On the Merger Date, the Gexpro Services Merger was consummated pursuant to the Gexpro Services Merger Agreement. In accordance with the Gexpro Services Merger Agreement, Merger Sub 2 merged with and into Gexpro Services, with Gexpro Services surviving as a wholly-owned subsidiary of DSG.
In accordance with and under the terms of the Gexpro Services Merger Agreement, in connection with the closing of the Gexpro Services Merger on the Merger Date, DSG: (i) issued to the Gexpro Services Stockholder 7,000,000 shares of DSG common stock, (ii) on behalf of Gexpro Services, paid certain indebtedness of Gexpro Services and (iii) on behalf of Gexpro Services, paid certain specified transaction expenses of Gexpro Services.
The Gexpro Services Merger Agreement provided that up to an additional 1,000,000 shares of DSG common stock would be potentially issuable to the Gexpro Services Stockholder in accordance with, and subject to the terms and conditions of, the earnout provisions of the Gexpro Services Merger Agreement. On March 20, 2023, DSG issued 1,000,000 shares of DSG
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common stock to the Gexpro Services Stockholder (the “Gexpro Services Holdback Shares”) pursuant to the terms of the earnout provisions of the Gexpro Services Merger Agreement. The Gexpro Services Holdback Shares issued represented the maximum number of additional shares that could be issued under the Gexpro Services Merger Agreement, and no further shares are available for issuance, and no additional shares will be issued, in connection with the Gexpro Services Merger Agreement.
As of April 1, 2022, approximately 538,000 of the Gexpro Services Holdback Shares had been expected to be issued under the first earnout opportunity in the Gexpro Services Merger Agreement based on certain earnout metrics related to the consummation of certain additional acquisitions which were completed prior to the Merger Date. Under the Gexpro Services Merger Agreement, if any Gexpro Services Holdback Shares remained after the calculation of the first earnout opportunity, there was a second earnout opportunity under the Gexpro Services Merger Agreement based on certain earnout performance metrics. On March 20, 2023, all 1,000,000 Gexpro Services Holdback Shares were issued under the earnout opportunities. The incremental 462,000 Gexpro Services Holdback Shares that were issued in excess of the 538,000 Gexpro Services Holdback Shares that were originally expected to be issued had been remeasured at fair value immediately prior to and reclassified to equity at December 31, 2022. Refer to Note 8 – Earnout Liabilities for information about the earnout derivative liability related to the Gexpro Services Holdback Shares.
Accounting for the Mergers
TestEquity and Gexpro Services were treated as a combined entity as the accounting acquirer for financial reporting purposes, and DSG was identified as the accounting acquiree. Accordingly, periods prior to the April 1, 2022 Merger Date reflect the results of operations of TestEquity and Gexpro Services on a consolidated basis, and the results of operations of DSG's legacy Lawson business are only included subsequent to the April 1, 2022 Merger Date.
For more information about the Mergers, refer to Note 3 – Business Acquisitions.
Nature of Operations
A summary of the nature of operations for each of DSG's operating companies is presented below. Information regarding DSG's reportable segments is presented in Note 16 – Segment Information.
Lawson is a distributor of specialty products and services to the industrial, commercial, institutional and government maintenance, repair and operations market.
TestEquity is a distributor of test and measurement equipment and solutions, industrial and electronic production supplies, vendor managed inventory programs, converting, fabrication and adhesive solutions from its leading manufacturer partners supporting the technology, aerospace, defense, automotive, electronics, education, automotive and medical industries.
Gexpro Services is a global supply chain solutions provider, specializing in developing and implementing vendor managed inventory ("VMI") and kitting programs to high-specification manufacturing customers.
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
The Mergers were accounted for as a reverse merger under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with the accounting guidance for reverse acquisitions as provided in Accounting Standards Codification ("ASC") 805, Business Combinations ("ASC 805"). Under this guidance, TestEquity and Gexpro Services were treated as a combined entity as the accounting acquirer for financial reporting purposes, and DSG was identified as the accounting acquiree. This determination was primarily made as TestEquity and Gexpro Services were under the common control of an entity that owns a majority of the voting rights of the combined entity, and therefore, only DSG experienced a change in control. Accordingly, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2022 reflect the results of operations of TestEquity and Gexpro Services on a consolidated basis, and the results of operations of DSG's legacy Lawson business are only included subsequent to the April 1, 2022 Merger Date. The combined operations of all three entities are included in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and the three months ended June 30, 2022. The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 reflect the financial position of TestEquity, Gexpro Services and DSG's legacy Lawson business on a consolidated basis.
The Company and its consolidated subsidiaries, except for Gexpro Services, operate on a calendar year-end. Gexpro Services operates on a calendar year-end for annual reporting purposes. However, quarterly financial statements for Gexpro Services are prepared on financial close dates that may differ from that of the Company. The consolidated financial statement impact of the one day difference arising from the different period ends for the quarter ended June 30, 2023 was not material.
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The Company utilizes the exchange rates in effect at Gexpro Services’ reporting date and the appropriate weighted-average rate for its fiscal reporting period.
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements of DSG have been prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States ("GAAP") for interim financial information, the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not contain all disclosures required by GAAP for complete consolidated financial statements. These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with DSG's audited consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 filed with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission ("SEC") and the Lawson Products, Inc. unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in DSG’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022. All normal recurring adjustments have been made that are necessary to fairly state the results of operations for the interim periods. Operating results for the three and six month period ended June 30, 2023 are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2023.
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
There were no significant changes to the Company's accounting policies from those disclosed in DSG's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. See Note 2 of the 2022 consolidated financial statements included in DSG's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022 for further details of the Company's significant accounting policies.
Accounting Pronouncements - Adopted
In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU 2016-13, Financial Instruments-Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments, which revises the requirements for how an entity should measure credit losses on financial instruments. The pronouncement was effective for smaller reporting companies in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022, including interim periods within those fiscal years, and the new guidance will be applied on a prospective basis. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2023. The adoption had no material impact on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash flows.
In October 2021, the FASB issued ASU 2021-08, Business Combinations (Topic 805): Accounting for Contract Assets and Contract Liabilities from Contracts with Customers, which requires an entity to apply Topic 606 to recognize and measure contract assets and contract liabilities in a business combination. The pronouncement is effective in fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2022 and early adoption is permitted. The Company adopted this guidance on January 1, 2023. The adoption had no impact on the Company's financial condition, results of operations or cash flows and will be applied to business combinations on or after the adoption date.
Note 3 – Business Acquisitions
Combination with TestEquity and Gexpro Services
On April 1, 2022, the Mergers with TestEquity and Gexpro Services were completed via all-stock merger transactions. Pursuant to the Merger Agreements, DSG issued an aggregate of 10.3 million shares of DSG common stock on April 1, 2022 to the former owners of TestEquity and Gexpro Services. On March 20, 2023, an additional 1.7 million shares of DSG common stock were issued. Refer to Note 1 – Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation for further information regarding the Mergers.
The business combination of Lawson, TestEquity and Gexpro Services combines three value-added complementary distribution businesses. Lawson is a distributor of products and services to the industrial, commercial, institutional, and governmental MRO marketplace. TestEquity is a distributor of parts and services to the industrial, commercial, institutional and governmental electronics manufacturing and test and measurement market. Gexpro Services is a provider of supply chain solutions, specializing in developing and implementing VMI and kitting programs to high-specification manufacturing customers. Gexpro Services provides critical products and services to customers throughout the lifecycle of highly technical OEM products. Refer to Note 1 – Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation for more information on the nature of operations for these businesses.
The Mergers were accounted for as a reverse merger under the acquisition method of accounting for business combinations, whereby TestEquity and Gexpro Services were identified as the accounting acquirers and were treated as a combined entity for financial reporting purposes, and DSG was identified as the accounting acquiree. Accordingly, under the
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acquisition method of accounting, the purchase price was allocated to DSG's tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on their estimated acquisition-date fair values. These estimates were determined through established and generally accepted valuation techniques.
Allocation of Consideration Exchanged
Under the acquisition method of accounting, the estimated consideration exchanged was calculated as follows:

(in thousands, except share data) |  | April 1, 2022
Number of DSG common shares |  | 9,120,167
DSG common stock closing price per share on March 31, 2022 |  | $ | 38.54 |
Fair value of shares exchanged |  | $ | 351,491 |
Other consideration(1) |  | 1,910 |
Total consideration exchanged |  | $ | 353,401 |

(1)Fair value adjustment of stock-based compensation awards.
Due to the publicly traded nature of shares of DSG common stock, the equity issuance of shares of DSG common stock based on this value was considered to be a more reliable measurement of the fair market value of the transaction compared to the equity interests of the accounting acquirer.
The allocation of consideration exchanged to the tangible and identifiable intangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed was based on estimated fair values as of the Merger Date. The accounting for the Mergers was complete as of December 31, 2022. Goodwill generated from the Mergers is not deductible for tax purposes.
The following table summarizes the allocation of consideration exchanged to the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed at the Merger Date after applying measurement period adjustments:

(in thousands) |  |  |  |  |  | Final Purchase Price Allocation |  |
Current assets |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 148,308 |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment |  |  |  |  |  | 57,414 |  |  |
Right of use assets |  |  |  |  |  | 18,258 |  |  |
Other intangible assets |  |  |  |  |  | 119,060 |  |  |
Deferred tax liability, net of deferred tax asset |  |  |  |  |  | (19,394) |  |  |
Other assets |  |  |  |  |  | 18,373 |  |  |
Current liabilities |  |  |  |  |  | (71,165) |  |  |
Long-term obligations |  |  |  |  |  | (25,746) |  |  |
Lease and financing obligations |  |  |  |  |  | (28,827) |  |  |
Derivative earnout liability |  |  |  |  |  | (43,900) |  |  |
Goodwill |  |  |  |  |  | 181,020 |  |  |
Total consideration exchanged |  |  |  |  |  | $ | 353,401 |  |  |

The allocation of consideration exchanged to other intangible assets acquired was as follows:

(in thousands) |  | Fair Value |  | Estimated Life (in years)
Customer relationships |  | $ | 76,050 |  |  | 19
Trade names |  | 43,010 |  |  | 8
Total other intangible assets |  | $ | 119,060 |  |  |

Other Acquisitions
DSG and its operating companies acquired other businesses during the first six months of 2023 and the year ended December 31, 2022. The acquisitions were accounted for under ASC 805, the acquisition method of accounting. For each acquisition, the allocation of consideration exchanged to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed was based on estimated acquisition-date fair values.
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Purchase of HIS Company, Inc.
On June 8, 2023, DSG acquired all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Hisco, a distributor of specialty products serving industrial technology applications, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement dated March 30, 2023. In connection with this transaction, DSG combined the operations of TestEquity and Hisco further expanding the product and service offerings at TestEquity, as well as all of our operating businesses under DSG.
Hisco operates in 38 locations across North America, including its Precision Converting facilities that provide value-added fabrication and its Adhesive Materials Group that provides an array of custom repackaging solutions. Hisco offers customers a broad range of products, including adhesives, chemicals and tapes, as well as specialty materials such as electrostatic discharge, thermal management materials and static shielding bags. Hisco also offers vendor-managed inventory and RFID programs with specialized warehousing for chemical management, logistics services and cold storage.
The total purchase consideration exchanged for the Hisco Transaction was $270.4 million, net of cash, with a potential additional earn-out payment subject to Hisco achieving certain performance targets. Refer to Note 8 – Earnout Liabilities for additional information on the earn-out. DSG will also pay $37.5 million in cash or DSG common stock in retention bonuses to certain Hisco employees that remain employed with Hisco or its affiliates for at least twelve months after the closing of the Hisco Transaction. For the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, $2.3 million was recorded as compensation expense over the service period for the retention bonuses as a component of Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
DSG funded the Hisco Transaction using a combination of its 2023 Credit Agreement and proceeds raised from the Rights Offering. Refer to Note 9 – Debt for information about the 2023 Credit Agreement and Note 11 – Stockholders' Equity for details on the Rights Offering.
The following table summarizes the allocation of consideration exchanged to the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed, including the allocation to other intangible assets acquired:

(in thousands) |  | Hisco
Acquisition date |  | June 8, 2023
Current assets |  | $ | 131,950 |
Property, plant and equipment |  | 48,326 |
Right of use assets |  | 21,102 |
Other intangible assets: |  |
Customer relationships |  | 41,800 |
Trade names |  | 25,600 |
Deferred tax liability, net of deferred tax asset |  | (2,544) |
Other assets |  | 2,495 |
Accounts payable |  | (16,689) |
Lease liabilities |  | (22,372) |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities |  | (8,961) |
Goodwill |  | 49,718 |
Total purchase consideration exchanged, net of cash acquired |  | $ | 270,425 |
Cash consideration |  | $ | 252,007 |
Deferred consideration |  | 12,418 |
Contingent consideration |  | 6,000 |
Total purchase consideration exchanged, net of cash acquired |  | $ | 270,425 |

Certain estimated values for the Hisco Transaction, including the valuation of intangibles, property, plant and equipment, contingent consideration, and income taxes (including deferred taxes and associated valuation allowances), are not yet finalized, and the preliminary purchase price allocation is subject to change as the Company completes its analysis of the fair value at the date of acquisition. The final valuation will be completed within the one-year measurement period following the acquisition date, and any adjustments will be recorded in the period in which the adjustments are determined.
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The customer relationships and trade names intangibles assets have estimated useful lives of 12 years and 8 years, respectively. As a result of the Hisco Transaction, the Company recorded tax deductible goodwill of $39.8 million in 2023 that may result in a tax benefit in future periods and is primarily attributable to the benefits we expect to derive from expected synergies including expanded product and service offerings and cross-selling opportunities.
Purchases of Other Companies in 2022
During the year ended December 31, 2022, TestEquity acquired Interworld Highway, LLC, National Test Equipment, and Instrumex, and Gexpro Services acquired Resolux ApS ("Resolux") and Frontier Technologies Brewton, LLC and Frontier Engineering and Manufacturing Technologies, Inc. ("Frontier"). The consideration exchanged for these acquired businesses included various combinations of cash and sellers' notes. The accounting for the Interworld Highway, LLC, Resolux, Frontier and National Test Equipment acquisitions was complete within the one-year measurement periods following the respective acquisition dates. Certain estimated values for the Instrumex acquisition, including working capital and other liability adjustments, are not yet finalized, and the preliminary purchase price allocation is subject to change as the Company completes its analysis of the fair value at the date of acquisition. The final valuation will be completed within the one-year measurement period following the acquisition date, and any adjustments will be recorded in the period in which the adjustments are determined. The purchase consideration for each business acquired and the allocation of the consideration exchanged to the estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed is summarized below:

(in thousands) |  | Interworld Highway, LLC |  | Resolux |  | Frontier |  | National Test Equipment |  | Instrumex |  |  |  |
Acquisition date |  | April 29, 2022 |  | January 3, 2022 |  | March 31, 2022 |  | June 1, 2022 |  | December 1, 2022 |  | Total |  |
Current assets |  | $ | 15,018 |  |  | $ | 10,210 |  |  | $ | 2,881 |  |  | $ | 2,187 |  |  | $ | 3,495 |  |  | $ | 33,791 |  |  |
Property, plant and equipment |  | 313 |  |  | 459 |  |  | 1,189 |  |  | 642 |  |  | 30 |  |  | 2,633 |  |  |
Right of use assets |  | — |  |  | 1,125 |  |  | 9,313 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 10,438 |  |  |
Other intangible assets: |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Customer relationships |  | 6,369 |  |  | 11,400 |  |  | 9,300 |  |  | 2,100 |  |  | 800 |  |  | 29,969 |  |  |
Trade names |  | 4,600 |  |  | 6,100 |  |  | 3,000 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 13,700 |  |  |
Other assets |  | 10 |  |  | 86 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 14 |  |  | 110 |  |  |
Accounts payable |  | (8,856) |  |  | (3,058) |  |  | (778) |  |  | (196) |  |  | (1,305) |  |  | (14,193) |  |  |
Current portion of long term debt |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (2,073) |  |  | — |  |  | (2,073) |  |  |
Accrued expenses and other liabilities |  | — |  |  | (4,747) |  |  | (1,462) |  |  | (1,171) |  |  | (153) |  |  | (7,533) |  |  |
Lease liabilities |  | — |  |  | (1,125) |  |  | (9,313) |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | (10,438) |  |  |
Goodwill |  | 37,236 |  |  | 10,305 |  |  | 11,544 |  |  | 5,703 |  |  | 1,053 |  |  | 65,841 |  |  |
Total purchase consideration exchanged, net of cash acquired |  | $ | 54,690 |  |  | $ | 30,755 |  |  | $ | 25,674 |  |  | $ | 7,192 |  |  | $ | 3,934 |  |  | $ | 122,245 |  |  |
Cash consideration |  | $ | 54,690 |  |  | $ | 30,755 |  |  | $ | 25,674 |  |  | $ | 6,023 |  |  | $ | 3,934 |  |  | $ | 121,076 |  |  |
Seller's notes |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 1,169 |  |  | — |  |  | 1,169 |  |  |
Total purchase consideration exchanged, net of cash acquired |  | $ | 54,690 |  |  | $ | 30,755 |  |  | $ | 25,674 |  |  | $ | 7,192 |  |  | $ | 3,934 |  |  | $ | 122,245 |  |  |

The consideration for the Frontier acquisition includes a potential earn-out payment up to $3.0 million based upon the achievement of certain milestones and relative thresholds during the earn out measurement period which ends on December 31, 2024. Refer to Note 8 – Earnout Liabilities for additional information on the earn-out.
As a result of acquisitions completed in 2022, the Company recorded tax deductible goodwill of $53.6 million in 2022 that may result in a tax benefit in future periods.
The pro forma information for other acquisitions was included in the estimated unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information for DSG, which is presented below under Unaudited Pro Forma Information.
Unaudited Pro Forma Information
The following table presents estimated unaudited pro forma consolidated financial information for DSG as if the Mergers and other acquisitions disclosed above occurred on January 1, 2022 for the acquisition completed during 2023 and January 1, 2021 for the acquisitions completed during 2022. The unaudited pro forma information reflects adjustments including amortization on acquired intangible assets, interest expense, and the related tax effects. This information is presented for
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informational purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of future results or the results that would have occurred had the Mergers and other acquisitions been completed on the date indicated.

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Revenue | $ | 455,431 |  |  | $ | 439,418 |  |  | $ | 908,317 |  |  | $ | 848,628 |
Net income | $ | 2,126 |  |  | $ | (5,173) |  |  | $ | 7,040 |  |  | $ | 6,056 |

Actual Results of Business Acquisitions
The following table presents actual results attributable to our business combinations that were included in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the second quarter and first six months of 2023 and 2022. The results of DSG's legacy Lawson business are included only subsequent to the April 1, 2022 Merger Date, and the results for other acquisitions are only included subsequent to their respective acquisition dates provided above.

| Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 |  | Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
(in thousands) | Lawson |  | Other Acquisitions |  | Total |  | Lawson |  | Other Acquisitions |  | Total
Revenue | $ | — |  |  | $ | 28,001 |  |  | $ | 28,001 |  |  | $ | 123,670 |  |  | $ | 52,739 |  |  | $ | 176,409 |
Net Income | $ | — |  |  | $ | (865) |  |  | $ | (865) |  |  | $ | 3,084 |  |  | $ | 5,316 |  |  | $ | 8,400 |
| Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
| Lawson |  | Other Acquisitions |  | Total |  | Lawson |  | Other Acquisitions |  | Total
Revenue | $ | — |  |  | $ | 28,001 |  |  | $ | 28,001 |  |  | $ | 123,670 |  |  | $ | 75,522 |  |  | $ | 199,192 |
Net Income | $ | — |  |  | $ | (865) |  |  | $ | (865) |  |  | $ | 3,084 |  |  | $ | 8,285 |  |  | $ | 11,369 |

The Company incurred transaction costs related to the Mergers and other completed and contemplated acquisitions of $5.1 million and $9.2 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $6.1 million and $8.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively, which are included in Selling, general and administrative expenses in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Note 4 – Revenue Recognition
Under the definition of a contract as defined by ASC 606, the Company considers contracts to be created at the time an order to purchase product and services is agreed upon regardless of whether there is a written contract. Revenue from customers is recognized when obligations under the terms of a contract are satisfied; this generally occurs with the delivery of products or services. Revenue from customers is measured as the amount of consideration the Company expects to receive in exchange for the delivery of products or services. Contracts may last from one month to one year or more and may have renewal terms that extend indefinitely at the option of either party. Price is typically based on market conditions, competition, changes in the industry and product availability. Volumes fluctuate primarily as a result of customer demand and product availability. Consistent with the way the Company manages its businesses, the Company refers to sales under service agreements, which includes both products (such as parts, equipment and equipment upgrades) and related services (such as monitoring, maintenance and repairs) as sales of “services,” which is an important part of the Company’s operations. The Company has no significant financing components in its contracts with customers. The Company records revenue net of certain taxes, such as sales taxes, that are assessed by governmental authorities on the Company’s customers.
The Company also operates as a lessor and recognizes lease revenue on a straight-line basis over the life of each lease. The Company has adopted the practical expedient not to separate the non-lease components that would be within the scope of ASC 606 from the associated lease component as the relevant criteria under ASC 842 are met.
The Company does not incur significant costs to obtain contracts. Incidental items that are immaterial in the context of the contract are recognized as expenses. Sales of products and services to customers are invoiced and settled on a monthly basis. ASC 606 requires an entity to present a contract liability in instances where the customer is entitled to a volume rebate based on purchases made during the period. The Company is not usually subject to obligations for warranties, rebates, returns or refunds except in the case of rebates for select customers if predetermined purchase thresholds are met as discussed for the TestEquity segment below. The Company does not typically receive payment in advance of satisfying its obligations under the terms of its
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sales contracts with customers; therefore, liabilities related to such payment are not significant to the Company. Accounts receivable represents the Company’s unconditional right to receive consideration from its customers.
Lawson Segment
The Lawson segment has two distinct performance obligations offered to its customers: a product performance obligation and a service performance obligation, and accordingly, two separate revenue streams. Although Lawson has identified that it offers its customers both a product and a service obligation, the customer only receives one invoice per transaction with no price allocation between these obligations. Lawson does not price its offerings based on any allocation between these obligations.
Lawson generates revenue primarily from the sale of MRO products to its customers. Revenue related to product sales is recognized at the time that control of the product has been transferred to the customer; either at the time the product is shipped or the time the product has been received by the customer. Lawson does not commit to long-term contracts to sell customers a certain minimum quantity of products.
Lawson offers a VMI service proposition to its customers. A portion of these services, primarily related to stocking of product and maintenance of the MRO inventory, is provided over a short period of time after control of the purchased product has been transferred to the customer. Since certain obligations pursuant to the VMI service agreement have not been provided at the time the control of the product transfers to the customer, that portion of expected consideration is deferred until the time that those services have been provided and the related performance obligations have been satisfied.
TestEquity Segment
TestEquity’s contracts with customers generally represent a single performance obligation to sell its products. Revenue from contracts with customers reflect the transaction prices for contracts reduced by variable consideration. TestEquity provides a rebate to select customers if pre-determined purchase thresholds are met. The rebate consideration is not in exchange for a distinct product or service. Variable consideration is estimated using the expected-value method considering all reasonably available information, including TestEquity’s historical experience and current expectations, and is reflected in the transaction price when sales are recorded. Sales returns are generally accepted by TestEquity; however, sales returns are not material to the Company’s operations. TestEquity provides an assurance type warranty which is not sold separately and does not represent a separate performance obligation.
TestEquity generates revenue from contracts with customers through the sale of new and used electronic test and measurement products, industrial and electronic production supplies, and adhesive solutions. Typically, TestEquity has a purchase order or master service agreement with the customer that specifies the products and/or services to be provided. TestEquity generally invoices customers as products are shipped. Payment terms on invoiced amounts are typically due and payable 30 days after the date of shipment. Generally, customers gain control of the products upon providing the product to the carrier, or when services are completed. For the majority of transactions, TestEquity recognizes revenue at the time of shipment, when control passes to the customer. For consigned inventory, revenue is recognized when inventory is removed from TestEquity’s stock location and control passes to the customer.
Gexpro Services Segment
Gexpro Services’ contracts with customers generally represent a single performance obligation to sell its products. Revenue from sales of Gexpro Services’ products is recognized upon transfer of control to the customer, which is typically when the product has been shipped from its distribution facilities. The transaction price is the amount of consideration to which Gexpro Services expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring products to the customer. Revenue is recorded based on the transaction price, which includes fixed consideration and an estimate of variable consideration such as, early payment/volume discounts and rebates. The amount of variable consideration included in the transaction price is constrained and is included only to the extent it is probable that a significant reversal of cumulative revenue recognized will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is subsequently resolved.
Gexpro Services’ products are marketed and sold primarily to original equipment manufacturers globally. Sales of products are subject to economic conditions and may fluctuate based on changes in the industry, trade policies and financial markets. Payment terms on invoiced amounts range from 10 to 120 days. In instances where the timing of revenue recognition differs from the timing of the right to invoice, the Company has determined that a significant financing component does not exist.
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Disaggregated consolidated revenue by geographic area (based on the location to which the product is shipped to):

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
United States | $ | 307,258 |  |  | $ | 261,071 |  |  | $ | 591,369 |  |  | $ | 386,327 |
Canada | 36,193 |  |  | 36,372 |  |  | 72,654 |  |  | 46,169 |
Europe | 17,540 |  |  | 9,889 |  |  | 34,456 |  |  | 17,971 |
Pacific Rim | 1,054 |  |  | 5,585 |  |  | 2,991 |  |  | 10,624 |
Latin America | 13,439 |  |  | 6,949 |  |  | 20,868 |  |  | 11,794 |
Other | 2,500 |  |  | 1,470 |  |  | 3,916 |  |  | 2,536 |
Total revenue | $ | 377,984 |  |  | $ | 321,336 |  |  | $ | 726,254 |  |  | $ | 475,421 |

Rental Revenue
TestEquity rents new and used electronic test and measurement equipment to customers in multiple industries. These leases are classified as operating leases under ASC 842. Rental equipment is included in Rental equipment, net in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, and rental revenue is included in Revenue in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The unearned rental revenue related to customer prepayments on equipment leases of $0.3 million at June 30, 2023 and $0.3 million at December 31, 2022 was included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet and is expected to be earned in its entirety during the next twelve months.
Lawso n leases parts washer machines to customers through its Torrents leasing program. These leases are classified as operating leases under ASC 842. The leased machines are included in Rental equipment, net, in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet, and the leasing revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis and is included in Revenue in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss). The unearned rental revenue related to customer prepayments on equipment leases was nominal at June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022.
Rental revenue from operating leases:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Revenue from operating leases | $ | 4,822 |  |  | $ | 4,304 |  |  | $ | 10,923 |  |  | $ | 7,932 |

Note 5 – Supplemental Financial Statement Information
Restricted Cash
The Company has agreed to maintain restricted cash of $20.6 million under agreements with outside parties. An escrow account of $12.5 million was established in conjunction with the Hisco Transaction, to be released upon Hisco meeting certain working capital and other post closing requirements as of the one year post-acquisition date. The Company is restricted from withdrawing this balance without the prior consent of the sellers. The remaining balance of $8.1 million of restricted cash represents collateral for certain borrowings under the 2023 Credit Agreement, and the Company is restricted from withdrawing this balance without the prior consent of the respective lenders.
Inventories, net
Inventories, net, consisting of purchased products and manufactured electronic equipment offered for resale, were as follows:

(in thousands) | June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Inventories, gross | $ | 339,879 |  |  | $ | 275,072 |
Reserve for obsolete and excess inventory | (13,643) |  |  | (10,698) |
Inventories, net | $ | 326,236 |  |  | $ | 264,374 |

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Property, Plant and Equipment, net
Components of property, plant and equipment were as follows:

(in thousands) | June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Land | $ | 16,791 |  |  | $ | 9,578 |
Buildings and improvements | 49,982 |  |  | 27,199 |
Machinery and equipment | 47,394 |  |  | 26,948 |
Capitalized software | 10,055 |  |  | 7,889 |
Furniture and fixtures | 8,406 |  |  | 6,346 |
Vehicles | 2,015 |  |  | 1,713 |
Construction in progress(1) | 3,644 |  |  | 3,140 |
Total | 138,287 |  |  | 82,813 |
Accumulated depreciation and amortization | (24,958) |  |  | (18,418) |
Property, plant and equipment, net | $ | 113,329 |  |  | $ | 64,395 |

(1)Construction in progress primarily related to upgrades to certain of the Company's distribution facilities that we expect to place in service in the next 12 months.
Depreciation expense for property, plant and equipment was $2.5 million and $2.5 million for the second quarter of 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $6.0 million and $3.1 million for the first six months of 2023 and 2022, respectively. Amortization expense for capitalized software was $0.8 million and $0.9 million for the second quarter of 2023 and 2022, respectively, and $1.5 million and $1.1 million for the first six months of 2023 and 2022, respectively.
Rental Equipment, net
Rental equipment, net consisted of the following:

(in thousands) | June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Rental equipment | $ | 64,707 |  |  | $ | 63,184 |
Accumulated depreciation | (37,601) |  |  | (36,045) |
Rental equipment, net | $ | 27,106 |  |  | $ | 27,139 |

Depreciation expense included in cost of sales for rental equipment was $1.9 million and $1.5 million for the second quarter of 2023 and 2022, respectively and $4.2 million and $2.9 million for the first six months of 2023 and 2022, respectively. Refer to Note 4 – Revenue Recognition for a discussion on the Company's activities as lessor.
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Accrued Expenses and Other Current Liabilities
Accrued expenses and other current liabilities consisted of the following:

(in thousand) | June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Accrued compensation | $ | 22,753 |  |  | $ | 24,094 |
Deferred acquisition payments and accrued earnout liabilities | 18,679 |  |  | 1,383 |
Accrued and withheld taxes, other than income taxes | 8,779 |  |  | 4,885 |
Accrued customer rebates | 5,592 |  |  | 5,053 |
Accrued stock-based compensation | 5,484 |  |  | 3,340 |
Accrued interest | 3,591 |  |  | 1,775 |
Accrued severance and acquisition related retention bonus | 3,170 |  |  | 927 |
Accrued health benefits | 1,793 |  |  | 1,306 |
Deferred revenue | 1,170 |  |  | 2,313 |
Accrued income taxes | 125 |  |  | 731 |
Other | 21,863 |  |  | 16,870 |
Total accrued expenses and other current liabilities | $ | 92,999 |  |  | $ | 62,677 |

Other Liabilities
Other liabilities consisted of the following:

(in thousand) | June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Security bonus plan | $ | 9,628 |  |  | $ | 9,651 |
Deferred compensation | 10,425 |  |  | 9,962 |
Other | 4,350 |  |  | 4,036 |
Total other liabilities | $ | 24,403 |  |  | $ | 23,649 |

Note 6 – Goodwill and Intangible Assets
Goodwill
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill by segment were as follows:

(in thousands) |  | Lawson |  | TestEquity |  | Gexpro Services |  | All Other |  | Total
Balance at December 31, 2022 |  | $ | 155,773 |  |  | $ | 114,104 |  |  | $ | 55,421 |  |  | $ | 22,750 |  |  | $ | 348,048 |
Acquisitions |  | — |  |  | 49,718 |  |  | — |  |  | — |  |  | 49,718 |
Impact of foreign exchange rates |  | 142 |  |  | — |  |  | 228 |  |  | 527 |  |  | 897 |
Balance at June 30, 2023 |  | $ | 155,915 |  |  | $ | 163,822 |  |  | $ | 55,649 |  |  | $ | 23,277 |  |  | $ | 398,663 |

Intangible Assets
The gross carrying amount and accumulated amortization for definite-lived intangible assets were as follows:

| June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
(in thousands) | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Value |  | Gross Carrying Amount |  | Accumulated Amortization |  | Net Carrying Value
Trade names | $ | 118,123 |  |  | $ | (23,067) |  |  | $ | 95,056 |  |  | $ | 92,286 |  |  | $ | (17,401) |  |  | $ | 74,885 |
Customer relationships | 235,218 |  |  | (56,889) |  |  | 178,329 |  |  | 192,934 |  |  | (44,481) |  |  | 148,453 |
Other (1) | 7,942 |  |  | (3,790) |  |  | 4,152 |  |  | 7,961 |  |  | (3,305) |  |  | 4,656 |
Total | $ | 361,283 |  |  | $ | (83,746) |  |  | $ | 277,537 |  |  | $ | 293,181 |  |  | $ | (65,187) |  |  | $ | 227,994 |

(1) Other primarily consists of non-compete agreements.
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Amortization expense for definite-lived intangible assets was $9.4 million and $18.6 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $9.9 million and $15.3 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. Amortization expense related to intangible assets was recorded in Selling, general and administrative expenses.
The estimated aggregate amortization expense for the remaining year 2023 and each of the next five years are as follows:

(in thousands) |  | Amortization
Remaining 2023 |  | $ | 20,931 |
2024 |  | 43,022 |
2025 |  | 39,328 |
2026 |  | 36,330 |
2027 |  | 31,446 |
2028 |  | 27,502 |
Thereafter |  | 78,978 |
Total |  | $ | 277,537 |

Note 7 – Leases
Activities as Lessee
The Company leases property used for warehousing, distribution centers, office space, branch locations, equipment and vehicles. The expenses generated by leasing activity for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022 were as follows (in thousands):

|  |  |  | Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
Lease Type |  | Classification |  | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Operating Lease Expense (1) |  | Operating expenses |  | $ | 4,519 |  |  | $ | 3,896 |  |  | $ | 9,399 |  |  | $ | 5,524 |
Financing Lease Amortization |  | Operating expenses |  | 136 |  |  | 163 |  |  | 260 |  |  | 232 |
Financing Lease Interest |  | Interest expense |  | 23 |  |  | 23 |  |  | 44 |  |  | 34 |
Financing Lease Expense |  |  |  | 159 |  |  | 186 |  |  | 304 |  |  | 266 |
Net Lease Cost |  |  |  | $ | 4,678 |  |  | $ | 4,082 |  |  | $ | 9,703 |  |  | $ | 5,790 |

(1) Includes short term lease expense, which is immaterial.
The value of net assets and liabilities related to our operating and finance leases as of June 30, 2023 and December 31, 2022 was as follows (in thousands):

Lease Type |  | June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022
Total ROU operating lease assets (1) |  | $ | 65,772 |  |  | $ | 46,755 |
Total ROU financing lease assets (2) |  | 1,587 |  |  | 1,519 |
Total lease assets |  | $ | 67,359 |  |  | $ | 48,274 |
Total current operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 12,310 |  |  | $ | 9,480 |
Total current financing lease liabilities |  | 526 |  |  | 484 |
Total current lease liabilities |  | $ | 12,836 |  |  | $ | 9,964 |
Total long term operating lease liabilities |  | $ | 56,827 |  |  | $ | 38,898 |
Total long term financing lease liabilities |  | 908 |  |  | 930 |
Total long term lease liabilities |  | $ | 57,735 |  |  | $ | 39,828 |

(1)Operating lease assets are recorded net of accumulated amortization of $20.2 million as of June 30, 2023 a nd $14.8 million as of December 31, 2022
(2)Financing lease assets are recorded net of accumulated amortization as a component of Other assets in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet of $1.1 million as of June 30, 2023 and $0.9 million as of December 31, 2022
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The value of lease liabilities related to our operating and finance leases as of June 30, 2023 was as follows (in thousands):

Maturity Date of Lease Liabilities |  | Operating Leases |  | Financing Leases |  | Total
Remaining 2023 |  | $ | 8,913 |  |  | $ | 331 |  |  | $ | 9,244 |
2024 |  | 16,004 |  |  | 546 |  |  | 16,550 |
2025 |  | 14,920 |  |  | 361 |  |  | 15,281 |
2026 |  | 11,293 |  |  | 280 |  |  | 11,573 |
2027 |  | 9,406 |  |  | 77 |  |  | 9,483 |
Thereafter |  | 29,573 |  |  | — |  |  | 29,573 |
Total lease payments |  | 90,109 |  |  | 1,595 |  |  | 91,704 |
Less: Interest |  | (20,972) |  |  | (161) |  |  | (21,133) |
Present value of lease liabilities |  | $ | 69,137 |  |  | $ | 1,434 |  |  | $ | 70,571 |

The weighted average lease terms and interest rates of leases held as of June 30, 2023 were as follows:

Lease Type |  | Weighted Average Term in Years |  | Weighted Average Interest Rate
Operating Leases |  | 6.9 |  | 7.7%
Financing Leases |  | 3.0 |  | 6.8%

The cash outflows of leasing activity for the six months ended June 30, 2023 were as follows (in thousands):

|  |  |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
Cash Flow Source |  | Classification |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Operating cash flows from operating leases |  | Operating activities |  | $ | (6,710) |  |  | $ | (5,182) |
Operating cash flows from financing leases |  | Operating activities |  | (121) |  |  | (3) |
Financing cash flows from financing leases |  | Financing activities |  | (249) |  |  | (39) |

Refer to Note 4 – Revenue Recognition f or a discussion on the Company's activities as lessor.
Note 8 – Earnout Liabilities
Combination with TestEquity and Gexpro Services
On the Merger Date, the Company recorded an earnout derivative liability for the two earnout provisions within the Merger Agreements. The Company estimated the initial fair value of the earnout derivative liability based on an aggregate of 1,162,000 additional shares available to be issued under the two earnout provisions of the Merger Agreements. The aggregate of 1,162,000 shares was comprised of 700,000 shares of DSG common stock that were contingently issuable to (or forfeitable by) the TestEquity Equityholder and 462,000 shares of DSG common stock that were contingently issuable to (or forfeitable by) the Gexpro Services Stockholder, in each case as of the Merger Date. The additional 538,000 shares that were potentially issuable as of the Merger Date under the earnouts were not recorded as an earnout derivative liability as the acquisition contingency for these shares was determined to have been met at the Merger Date.
The Company's earnout derivative liability was classified as a Level 3 instrument and was measured at fair value on a recurring basis. The fair value of the earnout derivative liability was measured using the Monte Carlo simulation valuation model using a distribution of potential outcomes on a monthly basis for the year ended December 31, 2022. Inputs to that model included the expected time to liquidity, the risk-free interest rate over the term, expected volatility based on representative peer companies and the estimated fair value of the underlying class of common stock. The significant unobservable inputs used in the fair value measurement of the earnout derivative liability were the fair value of the underlying stock at the valuation date and the estimated term of the earnout arrangement periods. Generally, increases (decreases) in the fair value of the underlying stock and estimated term would result in a directionally similar impact to the fair value measurement.
The estimated aggregate fair value of the earnout derivative liability recorded on the April 1, 2022 Merger Date was $43.9 million, with an offsetting entry to additional paid-in capital. As of April 29, 2022 and December 31, 2022, 700,000 and 462,000 of the 1,162,000 shares, respectively, were reclassified to equity, as the contingencies had been determined to have
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been met. There was no remaining earnout derivative liability at December 31, 2022. Immediately prior to the reclassifications, the respective shares were remeasured to fair value. For the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company recorded income of $0.3 million as a component of Change in fair value of earnout liabilities in the Unaudited Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss) due to changes in the fair value of the earnout derivative liability.
On March 20, 2023, all of the 1.7 million shares of DSG common stock available to be issued under the earnout provisions within the Merger Agreements were issued in accordance with the two earnout provisions within the Merger Agreements.
As the remaining additional shares had been reclassified to equity as of December 31, 2022, there was no change in fair value for the first six months of 2023. The Company recorded expense of $5.7 million for changes in the fair value of the earn-out derivative liability for the six months ended June 30, 2022 as a component of Change in fair value of earnout liabilities in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Hisco Acquisition
The Hisco Transaction includes a potential earn-out payment of up to $12.6 million, subject to Hisco achieving certain performance targets. The earn-out payment is calculated based on the gross profit of Hisco and its affiliates for the twelve months ending October 31, 2023, subject to certain adjustments and exclusions set forth in the Purchase Agreement. The fair value of the contingent consideration arrangement was classified as a Level 3 instrument and was determined using a probability-based scenario analysis approach. As of June 8, 2023 (the Hisco Transaction date) and June 30, 2023, the fair value of the earn-out was $6.0 million and $6.2 million, respectively, with amounts recorded in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company recorded a loss of $0.2 million for changes in the fair value of the earn-out liability for the six months ended June 30, 2023 as a component of Change in fair value of earnout liabilities in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
Prior to the Hisco Transaction by DSG, Hisco had a preexisting contingent consideration arrangement from an acquisition Hisco made during 2022. DSG assumed this liability with a potential earn-out payment of up to $3.8 million, subject to the achievement of certain EBITDA performance targets for the twelve months ending December 27, 2023, subject to certain adjustments and exclusions set forth in the purchase agreement. The fair value of the contingent consideration arrangement was classified as a Level 3 instrument and was determined using a probability-based scenario analysis approach. As of June 8, 2023 (the Hisco acquisition date) and June 30, 2023, the fair value of the earn-out was $1.5 million and $1.5 million, respectively, with amounts recorded in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. There was no change in the fair value of the earn-out liability for the six months ended June 30, 2023.
Frontier Acquisition
The consideration for the Frontier acquisition includes a potential earn-out payment of up to $3.0 million based upon the achievement of certain milestones and relative thresholds during the earn out measurement period which ends on December 31, 2024, with payments made annually beginning in 2023 and ending in 2025. During the first quarter of 2023, a $1.0 million earn-out payment was made based on the achievement of certain milestones in 2022. The fair value of the contingent consideration arrangement was classified as a Level 3 instrument and was determined using a probability-based scenario analysis approach. As of March 31, 2022 (the Frontier acquisition date), December 31, 2022 and June 30, 2023, the fair value of the earn-out was $0.9 million, $1.7 million and $0.5 million, respectively, with amounts recorded in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities and Other liabilities in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The Company recorded income of $0.2 million for changes in the fair value of the earn-out liability for the six months ended June 30, 2023 as a component of Change in fair value of earnout liabilities in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss).
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Note 9 – Debt
The Company's outstanding long-term debt was comprised of the following:

(in thousands) | June 30, 2023 |  | December 31, 2022 |
Senior secured revolving credit facility | $ | 8,800 |  |  | $ | 122,000 |  |
Senior secured term loan | 234,375 |  |  | 243,750 |  |
Senior secured delayed draw term loan | 48,125 |  |  | 50,000 |  |
Incremental term loan | 305,000 |  |  | — |  |
Other revolving line of credit | 2,135 |  |  | 1,352 |  |
Total debt | 598,435 |  |  | 417,102 |  |
Less current portion of long-term debt | (32,386) |  |  | (16,352) |  |
Less deferred financing costs | (7,204) |  |  | (4,925) |  |
Total long-term debt | $ | 558,845 |  |  | $ | 395,825 |  |

Amended and Restated Credit Agreement
On April 1, 2022, DSG and certain of its subsidiaries entered into an Amended and Restated Credit Agreement by and among DSG, certain subsidiaries of DSG as borrowers or guarantors, the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent. Pursuant to the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, the Company's previous credit agreement was amended and restated in its entirety.
On June 8, 2023, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into the First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “First Amendment”), which amended the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2022 (as amended by the First Amendment, the “2023 Credit Agreement”). The First Amendment provides for a $305 million incremental term loan.
The 2023 Credit Agreement provides for (i) a $200 million senior secured revolving credit facility, with a $25 million letter of credit sub-facility and a $10 million swingline loan sub-facility, (ii) a $250 million senior secured initial term loan facility, (iii) a $305 million incremental term loan, (iv) a $50 million senior secured delayed draw term loan facility and (v) the Company to increase the commitments thereunder from time to time by up to $200 million in the aggregate, subject to, among other things, the receipt of additional commitments from existing and/or new lenders and pro forma compliance with the financial covenants in the 2023 Credit Agreement.
On June 8, 2023, in connection with the Hisco Transaction, the Company borrowed the $305 million under the incremental term loan. These borrowings were used, among other things, to partially fund the Hisco Transaction, to repay certain existing indebtedness of Hisco, HISCO Acquisition Subsidiary I, Inc. and HISCOCAN Inc. and their respective subsidiaries and to pay fees and expenses incurred in connection with the Hisco Transaction and the First Amendment. Refer to Note 3 – Business Acquisitions for further details about the Hisco Transaction.
Each of the loans under the 2023 Credit Agreement mature on April 1, 2027. The Company is required to repay principal of approximately $7.6 million each quarter.
Net of outstanding letters of credit, there w as $189.6 million of borrowi ng availability under the revolving credit facility as of June 30, 2023. The weighted average interest rate from January 1, 2023 through June 30, 2023 was 7.4%.
The loans under the 2023 Credit Agreement bear interest, at the Company’s option, at a rate equal to (i) the Alternate Base Rate or the Canadian Prime Rate (each as defined in the 2023 Credit Agreement), plus, in each case, an additional margin ranging from 0.0% to 1.75% per annum, depending on the total net leverage ratio of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries as of the most recent determination date under the 2023 Credit Agreement or (ii) the Adjusted Term SOFR Rate or the CDOR Rate (each as defined in the 2023 Credit Agreement), plus, in each case, an additional margin ranging from 1.0% to 2.75% per annum, depending on the total net leverage ratio of the Company and its restricted subsidiaries as of the most recent determination date under the 2023 Credit Agreement.
On April 1, 2022, deferred financing costs of $4.0 million were incurred in connection with the original Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, and on June 8, 2023, deferred financing costs of $3.4 million were incurred in connection with the
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First Amendment. Deferred financing costs are amortized over the life of the debt instrument and reported as interest expense. As of June 30, 2023, total deferred financing costs net of accumulated amortization were $9.9 million of which $7.2 million are included in Long-term debt, less current portion, net (related to the senior secured term loan, senior secured delayed draw term loan and incremental term loan) and $2.7 million are included in Other assets (related to the senior secured revolving credit facility) in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
The 2023 Credit Agreement contains various covenants, including financial maintenance covenants requiring the Company to maintain compliance with a consolidated minimum interest coverage ratio and a maximum total net leverage ratio, each determined in accordance with the terms of the 2023 Credit Agreement. The Company was in compliance with all financial covenants set forth in the 2023 Credit Agreement as of June 30, 2023.
Note 10 – Stock-Based Compensation
The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense of $2.2 million and $4.4 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023, respectively, and $4.0 million and $4.0 million for the three and six months ended June 30, 2022, respectively. A portion of the Company's stock-based awards are liability-classified. Accordingly, changes in the market value of DSG common stock may result in stock-based compensation expense or benefit in certain periods. A stock-based compensation liability of $5.5 million a s of June 30, 2023 and $3.3 million as of December 31, 2022 was included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
Restricted Stock Awards
For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company issued approximately 26,000 Restricted stock awards ("RSAs") that vest over five years from the grant date with a grant date fair value of $1.3 million. Upon vesting, the vested RSAs are exchanged for an equal number of shares of DSG common stock. The participants have no voting or dividend rights with the RSAs. The RSAs are valued at the closing price of DSG's common stock on the date of grant and the expense is recorded ratably over the vesting period.
Stock Options
For the six months ended June 30, 2023, the Company issued approximately 606,000 stock options to key employees that vest over five years from the grant date. The fair value was determined using a Black-Scholes valuation model with a grant date fair value of $8.3 million. Each stock option can be exchanged for one share of DSG common stock at the stated exercise price. Upon vesting, stock options are recognized as a component of equity. Unrecognized compensation related to stock options as of June 30, 2023 was $9.2 million, which is expected to be recognized over a weighted-average period of 2.4 years.
Activity related to the Company’s stock options during 2023 was as follows:

| Number of Stock Options |  | Weighted Average Exercise Price
Outstanding on December 31, 2022 | 288,000 |  |  | $ | 77.59 |
Granted | 605,821 |  |  | 72.74 |
Outstanding on June 30, 2023 | 893,821 |  |  | 74.30 |
Exercisable on June 30, 2023 | 40,000 |  |  | 27.01 |

The weighted average fair value assumptions used in the Black-Scholes model for the stock options issued during 2023 were as follows:

Expected volatility | 45.23%
Risk-free rate of return | 3.6%
Expected term (in years) | 6.2 years
Expected annual dividend | $0

The expected volatility was based on the historic volatility of the Company's stock price commensurate with the expected life of the stock options. The risk-free rate of return reflects the interest rate offered for zero coupon treasury bonds over the expected life of the stock options. The expected life represents the period of time that options granted are expected to be
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outstanding and was calculated using the simplified method allowed by the SEC, which approximates our historical experience. The estimated annual dividend was based on the recent dividend payout trend.
Note 11 – Stockholders' Equity
Rights Offering
On May 9, 2023, the Company commenced a Rights Offering to raise gross proceeds of up to approximately $100 million. The Rights Offering provided one transferable subscription right for each share of DSG common stock held by holders of DSG common stock on record as of the close of business on May 1, 2023. Each subscription right entitled the holder to purchase 0.105 shares of DSG common stock at a subscription price of $45.00 per share. The subscription rights were transferable, but were not listed for trading on any stock exchange or market. In addition, holders of subscription rights who fully exercised their subscription rights were entitled to oversubscribe for additional shares of DSG common stock, subject to proration.
The Rights Offering closed on May 30, 2023 and was fully subscribed (taking into account the exercise of over-subscription rights) and raised approximately $100 million and resulted in the issuance of 2,222,222 shares of DSG common stock, at a purchase price of $45.00 per share. The Company incurred transaction costs related to the issuance of DSG common stock for the Rights Offering of $1.5 million, which were recorded against Capital in excess of par value in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet.
DSG used the proceeds from the Rights Offering, in combination with borrowings under the 2023 Credit Agreement, to fund the Hisco Transaction.
Stock Repurchase Program
Under an existing stock repurchase program authorized by the Board of Directors, the Company may repurchase its common stock from time to time in open market transactio ns, privately negotiated transactions or by other methods. No shares were repurchased during the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 or 2022 under the Company's stock repurchase plan. T he remaining availability for stock repurchases under the program was $7.6 million at June 30, 2023.
Note 12 – Earnings Per Share
As a result of the Mergers discussed in Note 1 – Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation, all historical per share data and number of shares and numbers of equity awards were retroactively adjusted. The following table provides the computation of basic and diluted earnings per share:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands, except share and per share data) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Basic income per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | 3,024 |  |  | $ | (4,715) |  |  | $ | 8,931 |  |  | $ | (7,252) |
Basic weighted average shares outstanding | 21,810,618 |  |  | 20,343,028 |  |  | 21,467,599 |  |  | 15,347,943 |
Basic income (loss) per share of common stock | $ | 0.14 |  |  | $ | (0.23) |  |  | $ | 0.42 |  |  | $ | (0.47) |
Diluted income per share: |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Net income (loss) | $ | 3,024 |  |  | $ | (4,715) |  |  | $ | 8,931 |  |  | $ | (7,252) |
Basic weighted average shares outstanding | 21,810,618 |  |  | 20,343,028 |  |  | 21,467,599 |  |  | 15,347,943 |
Effect of dilutive securities | 186,889 |  |  | — |  |  | 185,010 |  |  | — |
Diluted weighted average shares outstanding | 21,997,507 |  |  | 20,343,028 |  |  | 21,652,609 |  |  | 15,347,943 |
Diluted income (loss) per share of common stock | $ | 0.14 |  |  | $ | (0.23) |  |  | $ | 0.41 |  |  | $ | (0.47) |
Anti-dilutive securities excluded from the calculation of diluted income per share | 782 |  |  | 464,068 |  |  | 6,001 |  |  | 359,358 |

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Note 13 – Income Taxes
The Company recorded income tax expense of $0.5 million, a 15.0% effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2023. Income tax benefit of $3.6 million, a 43.4% effective tax rate was recorded for the three months ended June 30, 2022. The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2023 was lower than the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax benefit during the quarter. The effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2022 was higher than the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to state taxes, transaction costs, and other permanent items.
The Company recorded income tax expense of $2.6 million, a 22.9% effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2023. Income tax benefit of $4.6 million, a 38.6% effective tax rate was recorded for the six months ended June 30, 2022. The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was slightly higher than the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to state taxes, foreign operations, and other permanent items, offset by the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax benefit during the second quarter. The effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was higher than the U.S. statutory rate primarily due to state taxes, transaction costs, and other permanent items.
Relative to the U.S. statutory rate, the effective tax rate for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was impacted by state taxes, foreign income and other permanent items, offset by the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax benefit during the second quarter.
The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to U.S. federal income tax, as well as income tax of multiple state and foreign jurisdictions. As of June 30, 2023, the Company is subject to U.S. federal income tax examinations for the years 2019 through 2021 and income tax examinations from various other jurisdictions for the years 2016 through 2022.
Earnings from the Company’s foreign subsidiaries are considered to be indefinitely reinvested. A distribution of these non-U.S. earnings in the form of dividends or otherwise may subject the Company to foreign withholding taxes and U.S. federal and state taxes.
Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies
Merger Litigation
In February 2022, three purported DSG stockholders made demands pursuant to Section 220 of the Delaware General Corporation Law to inspect certain books and records of DSG (collectively, the “Books and Records Demands”). One stated purpose of the Books and Records Demands was to investigate questions of director disinterestedness and independence and the alleged possibility of wrongdoing, mismanagement and/or material non-disclosure related to the Special Committee’s and the DSG board of directors’ approval of the Mergers. On March 16, 2022, one of the purported DSG stockholders who previously made a Books and Records Demand filed a lawsuit entitled Robert Garfield v. Lawson Products, Inc., Case No. 2022-0252, in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware against DSG (the “Garfield Action”). On March 22, 2022, another of the purported DSG stockholders who previously made a Books and Records Demand filed a lawsuit entitled Jeffrey Edelman v. Lawson Products, Inc., Case No. 2022-0270, in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware against DSG (the “Edelman Action”). The Garfield Action and the Edelman Action, which were consolidated and re-captioned as Lawson Products, Inc. Section 220 Litigation, Case No. 2022-0270, are collectively referred to as the “Books and Records Actions.” The Books and Records Actions sought to compel inspection of certain books and records of DSG to investigate questions of director disinterestedness and independence and the alleged possibility of wrongdoing, mismanagement and/or material non-disclosure related to the Special Committee’s and the DSG board of directors’ approval of the Mergers. Following briefing, the Delaware Court of Chancery held a trial on July 14, 2022 to adjudicate the Books and Records Actions. At the conclusion of the trial, the Court ruled orally that the stockholders’ demands would be granted only in one respect (production of documents sufficient to show the identities of any guarantors of debt of the acquired companies) and the Court denied the remainder of the stockholders’ requests. The Court’s ruling was memorialized in an order issued on July 20, 2022. Thereafter, DSG produced excerpts of certain documents as required by the Court's ruling and subsequent order.
On October 3, 2022, the plaintiffs in the Books and Records Actions filed a shareholder derivative action (the “Derivative Action”) entitled Jeffrey Edelman and Robert Garfield v. John Bryan King et al., Case No. 2022-0886, in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware (the "Delaware Chancery Court"). The Derivative Action names as defendants J. Bryan King, Lee S. Hillman, Bianca A. Rhodes, Mark F. Moon, Andrew B. Albert, I. Steven Edelson and Ronald J. Knutson (collectively, “Director and Officer Defendants”), and LKCM Headwater Investments II, L.P., LKCM Headwater II Sidecar Partnership, L.P., Headwater Lawson Investors, LLC, PDLP Lawson, LLC, LKCM Investment Partnership, L.P., LKCM Micro-Cap Partnership, L.P., LKCM Core Discipline, L.P. and Luther King Capital Management Corporation (collectively, the “LKCM Defendants”). Purporting to act on behalf of DSG, in the Derivative Action the plaintiffs allege, among other things, various
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claims of alleged breach of fiduciary duty against the Director and Officer Defendants and the LKCM Defendants in connection with the Mergers. The Derivative Action seeks, among other things, money damages, equitable relief and the costs of the Derivative Action, including reasonable attorneys’, accountants’ and experts’ fees. On October 24, 2022, the plaintiffs voluntarily dismissed PDLP Lawson, LLC and LKCM Investment Partnership, L.P. from the Derivative Action without prejudice.
The defendants filed motions to dismiss the Derivative Action, along with related supporting briefing materials, with the Delaware Chancery Court, and the plaintiffs filed briefing materials opposing those motions to dismiss. The Delaware Chancery Court has scheduled a hearing to be held on September 13, 2023, regarding the defendants’ motions to dismiss.
DSG disagrees with and intends to vigorously defend against the Derivative Action. The Derivative Action could result in additional costs to DSG, including costs associated with the indemnification of directors and officers. At this time, DSG is unable to predict the ultimate outcome of the Derivative Action or, if the outcome is adverse, to reasonably estimate an amount or range of reasonably possible loss, if any, associated with the Derivative Action. Accordingly, no amounts have been recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for these matters. No assurance can be given that additional lawsuits will not be filed against DSG and/or its directors and officers and/or other persons or entities in connection with the Mergers.
Cyber Incident Litigation
On February 10, 2022, DSG disclosed that its computer network was the subject of a cyber incident potentially involving unauthorized access to certain confidential information (the “Cyber Incident”). On April 4, 2023, a putative class action lawsuit (the “Cyber Incident Suit”) was filed against DSG entitled Lardone Davis, on behalf of himself and all others similarly situated v. Lawson Products, Inc., Case No. 1:23-cv-02118, in the United States District Court for the Northern District of Illinois, Eastern Division. The plaintiff in this case, who purports to represent the class of individuals harmed by alleged actions and/or omissions by DSG in connection with the Cyber Incident, asserts a variety of common law and statutory claims seeking monetary damages, injunctive relief and other related relief related to the potential unauthorized access by third parties to personal identifiable information and protected health information.
DSG disagrees with and intends to vigorously defend against the Cyber Incident Suit. The Cyber Incident Suit could result in additional costs and losses to DSG, although, at this time, DSG is unable to reasonably estimate the amount or range of reasonably possible loss, if any, that might result from adverse judgments, settlements, fines, penalties or other resolution of these proceedings based on the early stage of this proceeding, the absence of specific allegations as to alleged damages, the uncertainty as to the certification of a class or classes and the size of any certified class, if applicable, and the lack of resolution of significant factual and legal issues. Accordingly, no amounts have been recorded in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the Cyber Incident Suit. No assurance can be given that additional lawsuits will not be filed against DSG and/or its directors and officers and/or other persons or entities in connection with the Cyber Incident.
Environmental Matter
In 2012, it was determined that a Company owned site in Decatur, Alabama, contained hazardous substances in the soil and groundwater as a result of historical operations prior to the Company's ownership. The Company retained an environmental consulting firm to further investigate the contamination, prepare a remediation plan, and enroll the site in the Alabama Department of Environmental Management (“ADEM”) voluntary cleanup program.
A remediation plan was approved by ADEM in 2018. The plan consists of chemical injections throughout the affected area, as well as subsequent monitoring of the area. The injection process was completed in the first quarter of 2019 and the environmental consulting firm is monitoring the affected area. At June 30, 2023 the Company had approximately $0.1 million accrued for potential monitoring costs included in Accrued expenses and other current liabilities in the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheet. The costs for future monitoring are not significant and have been fully accrued. The Company does not expect to capitalize any amounts related to the remediation plan.
Purchase commitments
The Company enters into inventory purchase commitments with third parties in the ordinary course of business, and as of June 30, 2023, had contractual commitments to purchase approximately $187 million of products from our suppliers and contractors, which is expected to be paid in the next twelve months.
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Note 15 – Related Party Transactions
Management Services Agreements
Prior to the Mergers, a subsidiary of TestEquity was party to a management agreement with Luther King Capital Management Corporation (“LKCM”) for certain advisory and consulting services (the “TestEquity Management Agreement”), and a subsidiary of Gexpro Services was party to a management agreement with LKCM for certain advisory and consulting services (the “Gexpro Services Management Agreement”). In connection with the closing of the Mergers on April 1, 2022, (i) all of the TestEquity subsidiary’s rights, liabilities and obligations under the TestEquity Management Agreement were novated to, transferred to and assumed by the TestEquity Equityholder, and LKCM released the TestEquity subsidiary from all obligations and claims under the TestEquity Management Agreement, and (ii) all of the Gexpro Services subsidiary’s rights, liabilities and obligations under the Gexpro Services Management Agreement were novated to, transferred to and assumed by the Gexpro Services Stockholder, and LKCM released the Gexpro Services subsidiary from all obligations and claims under the Gexpro Services Management Agreement (collectively, the “Novations”). During the first three months of 2022, expense of $0.5 million was recorded within Selling, general and administrative expenses within the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Loss), reflecting expenses accrued under these management agreements from January 1, 2022 through the April 1, 2022 Merger Date. As of April 1, 2022, the prior obligation of $5.3 million was effectively settled and considered to be a deemed equity contribution by LKCM recorded to additional paid in capital. As a result of the Novations, no additional expense under these management agreements has been incurred subsequent to the Mergers.
Consulting Services
Subsequent to the Mergers, individuals employed by LKCM Headwater Operations, LLC, a related party of LKCM, have provided the Company with certain consulting services in order to identify cost savings, revenue enhancements and operational synergies of the combined companies. As of June 30, 2023 expense of $0.1 million was recorded within Selling, general and administrative expenses within the Unaudited Condensed Consolidated Statements of Income and Comprehensive Income (Loss), reflecting expenses accrued for these consulting services.
TestEquity and Gexpro Services Mergers
Immediately prior to the Mergers, entities affiliated with LKCM and J. Bryan King (President and Chief Executive Officer of DSG and Chairman of the DSG board of directors), including private investment partnerships for which LKCM serves as investment manager, owned a majority of the ownership interests in the TestEquity Equityholder (which in turn owned all of the outstanding equity interests of TestEquity as of immediately prior to the completion of the TestEquity Merger). As of the Merger Date, Mr. King was a director of the TestEquity Equityholder. In addition, as of the Merger Date, Mark F. Moon (a member of the DSG board of directors) was a director of, and held a direct or indirect equity interest in, the TestEquity Equityholder.
Immediately prior to the Mergers, entities affiliated with LKCM and Mr. King, including private investment partnerships for which LKCM serves as investment manager, owned a majority of the ownership interests in the Gexpro Services Stockholder (which in turn owned all of the then outstanding stock of Gexpro Services).
Immediately prior to the Mergers, entities affiliated with LKCM and Mr. King beneficially owned approximately 48% of the then-outstanding shares of DSG common stock. As a result of the issuance of 10.3 million shares at the closing of the Mergers and the issuance of the additional 1.7 million shares in accordance with the earnout provisions of the TestEquity Merger Agreement and the Gexpro Services Merger Agreement on March 20, 2023, entities affiliated with LKCM and Mr. King beneficially owned in the aggregate approximately 16.3 million shares of DSG common stock representing approximately 77.4% of the outstanding shares of DSG common stock as of March 31, 2023.
Rights Offering
Certain entities affiliated with LKCM and J. Bryan King exercised their basic subscription rights and over-subscription rights in the Rights Offering and purchased approximately 1.8 million additional shares of DSG common stock at a purchase price of $45.00 per share. Following the completion of the Rights Offering on May 30, 2023, entities affiliated with LKCM and Mr. King beneficially owned in the aggregate approximately 18.2 million shares of DSG common stock as of June 1, 2023, representing approximately 77.9% of the outstanding shares of DSG common stock as of June 30, 2023.
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Board of Directors
M. Bradley Wallace, who became a director of the Company upon his election at the Company's 2023 annual stockholders meeting on May 19, 2023, is a Founding Partner of LKCM Headwater Investments, the private capital investment group of LKCM.
Note 16 – Segment Information
Based on operational, reporting and management structures, the Company has identified three reportable segments based on the nature of the products and services and type of customer for those products and services. A description of our reportable segments is as follows:
•Lawson is a distributor of specialty products and services to the industrial, commercial, institutional and government maintenance, repair and operations market.
•TestEquity is a distributor of test and measurement equipment and solutions, industrial and electronic production supplies, vendor managed inventory programs, converting, fabrication and adhesive solutions from its leading manufacturer partners supporting the technology, aerospace, defense, automotive, electronics, education, automotive and medical industries.
•Gexpro Services is a global supply chain solutions provider, specializing in developing and implementing vendor managed inventory and kitting programs to high-specification manufacturing customers.
The Company also has an “All Other” category which includes unallocated DSG holding company costs that are not directly attributable to the ongoing operating activities of our reportable segments and includes the results of the Bolt Supply House ("Bolt") non-reportable segment. Revenue within the All Other category represents the results of Bolt. Bolt generates revenue primarily from the sale of MRO products to its walk-up customers and service to its customers through its 14 branch locations. Bolt does not provide VMI services for its customers or provide services in addition to product sales to customers. Revenue is recognized at the time that control of the product has been transferred to the customer which is either upon delivery or shipment depending on the terms of the contract.
Financial information for the Company's reportable segments is presented below. Asset information by operating segment is not presented below since the chief operating decision maker does not review this information by segment.

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lawson(1) | $ | 119,147 |  |  | $ | 107,334 |  |  | $ | 244,427 |  |  | $ | 107,334 |
TestEquity | 136,067 |  |  | 97,874 |  |  | 243,425 |  |  | 170,276 |
Gexpro Services | 108,274 |  |  | 99,792 |  |  | 209,290 |  |  | 181,475 |
All Other(2) | 14,496 |  |  | 16,336 |  |  | 29,112 |  |  | 16,336 |
Total revenue | $ | 377,984 |  |  | $ | 321,336 |  |  | $ | 726,254 |  |  | $ | 475,421 |
Operating income (loss) |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lawson(1) | $ | 8,470 |  |  | $ | (2,562) |  |  | $ | 16,715 |  |  | $ | (2,562) |
TestEquity | (3,182) |  |  | 471 |  |  | (3,156) |  |  | (133) |
Gexpro Services | 8,778 |  |  | 5,390 |  |  | 16,152 |  |  | 8,982 |
All Other(2) | (290) |  |  | 814 |  |  | 786 |  |  | 814 |
Total operating income (loss) | $ | 13,776 |  |  | $ | 4,113 |  |  | $ | 30,497 |  |  | $ | 7,101 |

(1)Includes the operating results of Lawson only subsequent to the Merger Date of April 1, 2022 and not Lawson operating results prior to the Mergers.
(2) Includes the operating results of All Other only subsequent to the Merger Date of April 1, 2022 and not All Other operating results prior to the Mergers.
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ITEM 2. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the audited consolidated financial statements, accompanying notes and other information included in our Annual Report on Form 10-K filed for the year ended December 31, 2022 and the Lawson Products, Inc. unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022.
References to “DSG”, the “Company”, "we", "our" or "us" refer to Distribution Solutions Group, Inc. and all entities consolidated in the accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements.
Overview
Organization and Structure
Distribution Solutions Group, Inc. ("DSG"), is a multi-platform specialty distribution company providing high touch, value-added distribution solutions to the maintenance, repair and operations ("MRO"), the original equipment manufacturer ("OEM") and the industrial technologies markets. The Mergers that were consummated on April 1, 2022 resulted in the combination of Lawson, TestEquity and Gexpro Services. For a description of the Mergers, see Note 1 – Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation within Item 1. Financial Statements.
We manage and report our operating results through three reportable segments: Lawson, TestEquity and Gexpro Services. A summary of our segments is presented below. For additional details about our segments, see Note 16 – Segment Information within Item 1. Financial Statements.
Lawson is a distributor of specialty products and services to the industrial, commercial, institutional and government MRO market.
TestEquity is a distributor of test and measurement equipment and solutions, industrial and electronic production supplies, vendor managed inventory programs, converting, fabrication and adhesive solutions from its leading manufacturer partners supporting the technology, aerospace, defense, automotive, electronics, education, automotive and medical industries.
Gexpro Services is a global supply chain solutions provider, specializing in developing and implementing vendor managed inventory ("VMI") and kitting programs to high-specification manufacturing customers.
In addition to these three reportable segments, we have an “All Other” category which includes unallocated DSG holding company costs that are not directly attributable to the ongoing operating activities of our reportable segments and the results of a non-reportable segment.
Recent Events
HIS Company, Inc. Acquisition
On June 8, 2023, DSG acquired all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of Hisco, a distributor of specialty products serving industrial technology applications, pursuant to the Purchase Agreement dated March 30, 2023. The total purchase consideration exchanged for the Hisco Transaction was $270.4 million, net of cash, with a potential additional earn-out payment subject to Hisco achieving certain performance targets. DSG will also pay $37.5 million in cash or DSG common stock in retention bonuses to certain Hisco employees that remain employed with Hisco or its affiliates for at least twelve months after the closing of the Hisco Transaction.
In connection with the Hisco Transaction, DSG combined the operations of TestEquity and Hisco, creating one of the largest suppliers serving the electronics design, production, and repair industries. Accordingly, Hisco results are included in the TestEquity reportable segment.
DSG funded the Hisco Transaction using a combination of borrowings under its 2023 Credit Agreement and proceeds raised from the Rights Offering, both discussed below. Refer to Note 3 – Business Acquisitions for further details about the Hisco Transaction.
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Debt Amendment
On June 8, 2023, the Company entered into the First Amendment to Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (the “First Amendment”), which amended the Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of April 1, 2022 (as amended by the First Amendment, the “2023 Credit Agreement”), by and among the Company, certain subsidiaries of the Company as borrowers or guarantors, the lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as administrative agent. The First Amendment provides for a $305 million incremental term loan. Refer to Note 9 – Debt for additional information about the 2023 Credit Agreement.
Rights Offering
On May 30, 2023, the Company raised approximately $100 million pursuant to a Rights Offering of transferable subscription rights to holders of DSG common stock as of the close of business on May 1, 2023. Refer to Note 11 – Stockholders' Equity for additional information about the Rights Offering.
DSG Vision and Strategic Focus
The complementary distribution operations of Lawson, TestEquity and Gexpro Services were combined in 2022 for the purpose of creating a specialty distribution company enabling each of Lawson, TestEquity and Gexpro Services to maintain their respective high-touch, value-added service delivery models and customer relationships in their specialty distribution businesses under the leadership of their separate business unit management teams. The DSG leadership team provides oversight to these separate leadership teams. This structure helps the combined company to leverage best practices, back-office resources and technologies across the three operating companies to help drive cost synergies and efficiencies. The combined company has the ability to utilize its combined financial resources to accelerate a strategy of expansion through both business acquisitions and organic growth.
Organic Growth Strategy
We intend to grow our businesses organically by exploring growth opportunities that provide different channels to reach customers, increase revenue and generate positive results. We plan to utilize our Company structure to grow organic revenue through collaborative selling across our customer bases and expanding the digital capabilities across our platform.
Acquisition Strategy
In addition to organic growth, we plan to actively pursue acquisition opportunities complementary to our businesses and that we believe will be financially accretive to our organization.
Sales Drivers
DSG believes that the Purchasing Managers Index ("PMI") published by the Institute for Supply Management is an indicative measure of the relative strength of the economic environment of the industry in which it operates. The PMI is a composite index of economic activity in the U.S. manufacturing sector. A measure of the PMI index above 50 is generally viewed as indicating an expansion of the manufacturing sector while a measure below 50 is generally viewed as representing a contraction. The average monthly PMI wa s 46.9 in the six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to 56.3 in the six months ended June 30, 2022.
Lawson Sales Drivers
The North American MRO market is highly fragmented. Lawson competes for business with several national distributors as well as a large number of regional and local distributors. The MRO business is impacted by the overall strength of the manufacturing sector of the U.S. economy.
Lawson's revenue is also influenced by the number of sales representatives and their productivity. Lawson plans to continue concentrating its efforts on increasing the productivity and size of its sales team. Additionally, Lawson drives revenue through the expansion of products sold to existing customers as well as attracting new customers and additional ship-to locations. Lawson also is expanding its inside sales team to help drive field sales representative productivity and also utilizes an e-commerce site to generate sales.
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TestEquity Sales Drivers
Across the test and measurement, industrial and electronic production supplies businesses, the North American market is highly fragmented with competitors ranging from large global distributors to national and regional distributors.
TestEquity management focuses on the internal metric of Sales per Day (“SPD”) and Day Adjust Growth (“DAG”). The SPD calculates and compares TestEquity’s total sales divided by the number of selling days, adjusted for weekends and holidays. A selling day generally represents a business day in which TestEquity ships products to its customers. The DAG represents the percentage increase or decrease in the SPD for a defined period of time.
Specifically in respect of its electronic production supplies business, the current semi-conductor chip shortage is negatively impacting TestEquity’s business as such chips are key elements to the electronic production process. TestEquity anticipates that recovery of this important part of its customers’ supply chain will occur in late 2023 and early 2024.
Through the Hisco Transaction, TestEquity will expand its product offerings, including adhesives, chemicals and tapes as well as specialty materials such as electrostatic discharge, thermal management materials and static shielding bags. Hisco operates in 38 locations across North America, including its Precision Converting facilities that provide value-added fabrication and its Adhesive Materials Group that provides an array of custom repackaging solutions. Hisco also offers vendor-managed inventory and RFID programs with specialized warehousing for chemical management, logistics services and cold storage.
Gexpro Services Sales Drivers
The global supply chain solutions market is highly fragmented across Gexpro Services' key vertical segments. Gexpro Services’ competitors range from large global distributors and manufacturers to small regional domestic distributors and manufacturers. Gexpro Services' revenue is influenced by our OEMs’ production schedules, new product introduction launches, and service project needs.
Gexpro Services drives revenue through increasing wallet share with existing customers, customer-led geographic expansion, and new customer development in its six key vertical markets. Additionally, Gexpro Services drives revenue through expansion of its installation and aftermarket services by leveraging its portfolio of recent acquisitions.
Supply Chain Disruptions
Along with the broader economy, we continue to be affected by rising supplier costs caused by inflation and increased transportation and labor costs. This results in challenges in acquiring and receiving inventory in a timely fashion and fulfilling customer orders. We have instituted various price increases during 2022 and 2023 in response to rising supplier costs, as well as increased transportation and labor costs in order to manage our gross profit margins.
Cyber Incident Litigation
On February 10, 2022, DSG disclosed that Lawson Products' computer network was the subject of a cyber incident potentially involving unauthorized access to certain confidential information (the “Cyber Incident”). DSG engaged a cybersecurity forensics firm to assist in the investigation of the incident and to assist in securing its computer network.
Because of the nature of the information that may have been compromised, DSG was required to notify the parties whose information was potentially compromised of the incident as well as various governmental agencies and has taken other actions, such as offering credit monitoring services. At June 30, 2023 DSG, had not incurred material costs as a result of the Cyber Incident and, at this time, is unable to estimate the total cost of any remediation that may be required. On April 4, 2023, a putative class action lawsuit (the “Cyber Incident Suit”) was filed against DSG. For more information about the Cyber Incident Suit, please refer to Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies within Item 1. Financial Statements.
Critical Accounting Policies and Use of Estimates
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements were prepared in accordance with GAAP. A discussion of our critical accounting policies and estimates is contained within Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in DSG's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022. There have been no significant changes to our previously disclosed critical accounting policies and use of estimates. The following provides information on the accounts requiring more significant estimates.
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Inventory Reserves - Inventories principally consist of finished products stated at the lower of cost or net realizable value using the first-in-first-out method for the Lawson segment and primarily the weighted average method for the TestEquity and Gexpro Services segments. Most of our products are not exposed to the risk of obsolescence due to technology changes. However, some of our products do have a limited shelf life, and from time to time we add and remove items from our catalogs, brochures or website for marketing and other purposes.
To reduce the cost basis of inventory to a lower of cost or net realizable value, a reserve is recorded for slow-moving and obsolete inventory based on historical experience and monitoring of current inventory activity. Estimates are used to determine the necessity of recording these reserves based on periodic detailed analysis using both qualitative and quantitative factors. As part of this analysis, the Company considers several factors including the inventories length of time on hand, historical sales, product shelf life, product life cycle, product category and product obsolescence. In general, depending on the product category, we reserve inventory with low turnover at higher rates than inventory with higher turnover.
At June 30, 2023, our inventory reserve was $13.6 million, equal to approximately 4.0% of our gross inventory. A hypothetical change of one hundred basis points to our reserve as a percentage of total inventory would have affected our cost of goods sold by $3.4 million.
Income Taxes - Deferred tax assets or liabilities reflect temporary differences between amounts of assets and liabilities for financial and tax reporting. Such amounts are adjusted, as appropriate, to reflect changes in enacted tax rates expected to be in effect when the temporary differences reverse. Significant judgment is required in determining income tax provisions as well as deferred tax asset and liability balances, including the estimation of valuation allowances and the evaluation of uncertain tax positions.
Goodwill Impairment - Goodwill represents the cost of business acquisitions in excess of the fair value of identifiable net tangible and intangible assets acquired. The Company reviews goodwill for potential impairment annually on October 1st, or when an event or other circumstances change that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of the asset below its carrying value.
The first step in the multi-step process to determine if goodwill has been impaired and to what degree is to review the relevant qualitative factors that could cause the fair value of the reporting unit to decrease below the carrying value of the reporting unit. The Company considers factors such as macroeconomic, industry and market conditions, cost factors, overall financial performance and other relevant factors that would affect the individual reporting units. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the fair value of the reporting unit is greater than the carrying value of the reporting unit, then no further impairment testing is needed. If the Company determines that it is more likely than not that the carrying value of the reporting unit is greater than the fair value of the reporting unit, the Company will move to the next step in the process. The Company will estimate the fair value of the reporting unit and compare it to the reporting unit's carrying value. If the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the Company will record an impairment of goodwill equal to the amount the carrying value of the reporting unit exceeds its fair value, up to the total amount of goodwill previously recognized.
Business Combinations - We allocate the purchase price paid for assets acquired and liabilities assumed in connection with our acquisitions based on their estimated fair values at the time of acquisition. This allocation involves a number of assumptions, estimates, and judgments in determining the fair value, as of the acquisition date, of the following:
•intangible assets, including the valuation methodology (the relief of royalty method for trade names and multi-period excess earnings method for customer relationships), estimations of future cash flows, discount rates, royalty rates, recurring revenue attributed to customer relationships, and our assumed market segment share, as well as the estimated useful life of intangible assets;
•deferred tax assets and liabilities, uncertain tax positions, and tax-related valuation allowances;
•inventory;
•property, plant and equipment;
•pre-existing liabilities or legal claims; and
•goodwill as measured as the excess of consideration transferred over the net of the acquisition date fair values of the assets acquired and the liabilities assumed.
Our assumptions and estimates are based upon comparable market data and information obtained from our management and the management of the acquired companies. We allocate goodwill to the reporting units of the business that are expected to benefit from the business combination.
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Factors Affecting Comparability to Prior Periods
Our results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2023 are not directly comparable to prior results for the six months ended June 30, 2022 due to the Mergers that were completed on April 1, 2022. The Mergers were accounted for as a reverse merger under the acquisition method of accounting in accordance with the accounting guidance for reverse acquisitions as provided in Accounting Standards Codification 805, Business Combinations ("ASC 805"). Under this guidance, TestEquity and Gexpro Services were treated as a combined entity as the accounting acquirer for financial reporting purposes, and DSG was identified as the accounting acquiree. This determination was primarily made as TestEquity and Gexpro Services were under the common control of an entity that owns a majority of the voting rights of the combined entity, and therefore, only DSG experienced a change in control. Accordingly, the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the six months ended June 30, 2022 reflect the results of operations of TestEquity and Gexpro Services on a consolidated basis, and the results of operations of DSG's legacy Lawson business are only included subsequent to the April 1, 2022 Merger Date. The combined operations of all three entities are included in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and the three months ended June 30, 2022.
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
The Company's management believes that certain non-GAAP financial measures may provide users of this financial information with additional meaningful comparisons between current results and results in prior operating periods. Management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures can provide additional meaningful reflection of underlying trends of the business because they provide a comparison of historical information that excludes certain infrequently occurring, seasonal or non-operational items that impact the overall comparability. These non-GAAP financial measures should be viewed in addition to, and not as an alternative for, the Company's reported results prepared in accordance with GAAP.
Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA
Management believes Adjusted EBITDA is an important measure of the Company's operating performance. We define Adjusted EBITDA as operating income plus depreciation and amortization, stock-based compensation, severance costs, costs related to the execution and integration of the Mergers, amortization of fair value step-up resulting from the Mergers, acquisition related costs (unrelated to the Mergers), and other non-recurring items. The following table provides our calculation of Adjusted EBITDA for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022:
Reconciliation of Operating Income to Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA (Unaudited)

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022(7)
Operating income (loss) | $ | 13,776 |  |  | $ | 4,113 |  |  | $ | 30,497 |  |  | $ | 7,101 |
Depreciation and amortization | 14,584 |  |  | 14,746 |  |  | 30,306 |  |  | 22,335 |
Stock-based compensation(1) | 2,188 |  |  | 4,013 |  |  | 4,392 |  |  | 4,013 |
Severance and acquisition related retention expenses(2) | 2,437 |  |  | 953 |  |  | 2,788 |  |  | 1,409 |
Merger/integration costs(3) | 150 |  |  | 5,790 |  |  | 1,373 |  |  | 7,232 |
Inventory step-up(4) | 716 |  |  | 1,622 |  |  | 716 |  |  | 1,622 |
Acquisition related costs(5) | 4,908 |  |  | 334 |  |  | 7,784 |  |  | 1,337 |
Other non-recurring(6) | 1,341 |  |  | 82 |  |  | 1,597 |  |  | 106 |
Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 40,100 |  |  | $ | 31,653 |  |  | $ | 79,453 |  |  | $ | 45,155 |

(1) Expense primarily for stock-based compensation, of which a portion varies with the Company’s stock price.
(2) Includes severance expense from actions taken in 2023 and 2022 not related to a formal restructuring plan and acquisition related retention expenses for the Hisco Transaction.
(3) Merger transaction costs related to the negotiation, review and execution of the Merger Agreements relating to the Mergers and subsequent integration costs.
(4) Inventory fair value step-up adjustment for Lawson resulting from the reverse merger acquisition accounting.
(5) Expense for acquisition related costs, unrelated to the Mergers.
(6) Other non-recurring costs consist of non-capitalized deferred financing costs incurred in conjunction with the 2023 Credit Agreement, certain non-recurring strategic projects and other non-recurring items.
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(7) Includes the operating results of Lawson subsequent, but not prior, to the April 1, 2022 Merger Date in accordance with GAAP accounting guidance for reverse acquisitions.
Management uses operating income and Adjusted EBITDA to evaluate the performance of its reportable segments. See Note 16 – Segment Information with in Item 1. Financial Statements for additional information about our reportable segments. The following table provides Adjusted EBITDA by reportable segment:

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Six Months Ended June 30,
(in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | 2023 |  | 2022
Adjusted EBITDA |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lawson(1) | $ | 16,070 |  |  | $ | 9,405 |  |  | $ | 34,520 |  |  | $ | 9,405 |
TestEquity | 9,493 |  |  | 8,647 |  |  | 17,152 |  |  | 14,138 |
Gexpro Services | 13,142 |  |  | 11,915 |  |  | 24,816 |  |  | 19,926 |
All Other(2) | 1,395 |  |  | 1,686 |  |  | 2,965 |  |  | 1,686 |
Consolidated Adjusted EBITDA | $ | 40,100 |  |  | $ | 31,653 |  |  | $ | 79,453 |  |  | $ | 45,155 |

(1)Includes the operating results of Lawson subsequent, but not prior, to the April 1, 2022 Merger Date in accordance with GAAP accounting guidance for reverse acquisitions.
(2) Includes the operating results of All Other subsequent, but not prior, to the April 1, 2022 Merger Date in accordance with GAAP accounting guidance for reverse acquisitions.
Supplemental Information - Lawson Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income and Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA
For management to discuss Lawson's operating results on a comparable basis, Lawson's historical, pre-merger components of operating income have been provided separately in the table below. In addition, Lawson's GAAP results of operations were adjusted to include the results prior to the April 1, 2022 Merger Date in order to reflect the total operating activities attributable to Lawson for each period presented. Management believes this historical information provides the most meaningful basis of comparison for Lawson's operations, is more useful in identifying current business trends, and is important for the user of our financial statements in understanding Lawson's business. Refer to Note 1 – Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation and Note 3 – Business Acquisitions within Item 1. Financial Statements for information about the Mergers.
These non-GAAP amounts are not considered to be prepared in accordance with GAAP, have not been prepared as pro forma results under applicable regulations, may not reflect the actual results we would have achieved had the Mergers occurred at the beginning of 2022, and should not be viewed as a substitute for the results of operations presented in accordance with GAAP. Lawson's historical operating results prior to the Mergers were obtained from the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements included in DSG's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q filed for the quarterly period ended March 31, 2022.
Lawson Non-GAAP Adjusted Results - Calculation of Supplemental Information (Unaudited)

(in thousands) | Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 |  | Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Lawson Operating Income | GAAP Results(1) |  | Pre-Merger Results |  | Adjusted Results(2) |  | GAAP Results(1) |  | Pre-Merger Results(3) |  | Adjusted Results(2)
Revenue | $ | 244,427 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 244,427 |  |  | $ | 107,334 |  |  | $ | 104,902 |  |  | $ | 212,236 |
Cost of goods sold | 107,140 |  |  | — |  |  | 107,140 |  |  | 50,552 |  |  | 49,371 |  |  | 99,923 |
Gross profit | 137,287 |  |  | — |  |  | 137,287 |  |  | 56,782 |  |  | 55,531 |  |  | 112,313 |
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 120,572 |  |  | — |  |  | 120,572 |  |  | 59,344 |  |  | 44,435 |  |  | 103,779 |
Operating income (loss) | $ | 16,715 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 16,715 |  |  | $ | (2,562) |  |  | $ | 11,096 |  |  | $ | 8,534 |
Lawson Adjusted EBITDA(4) | $ | 34,520 |  |  | $ | — |  |  | $ | 34,520 |  |  | $ | 9,405 |  |  | $ | 8,042 |  |  | $ | 17,447 |

(1)Operating income prepared in accordance with GAAP, which includes Lawson’s results of operations subsequent, but not prior, to the April 1, 2022 Merger Date. See Note 1 – Nature of Operations and Basis of Presentation and Note 3 – Business Acquisitions within Item 1. Financial Statements.
(2)Lawson's results of operations adjusted for comparability on a period-over-period basis. These non-GAAP results represent Lawson’s total operating activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 and 2022, regardless of the Merger date (that is, they reflect both pre- and post-Merger results of Lawson).
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(3)Lawson's results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2022, which occurred prior to the April 1, 2022 Merger Date, were not included in the Company's GAAP operating results under reverse merger acquisition accounting.
(4)Refer to the Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA section above for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating income.
Composition of Results of Operations
The following results of operations for the three and six months ended June 30, 2023 and the three months ended June 30, 2022 include the combined operations of DSG. The following results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2022 include the accounts of the TestEquity and Gexpro Services combined entity, as the accounting acquirer, and the results of DSG's legacy Lawson business have only been included for activity subsequent, and not prior, to the April 1, 2022 Merger Date.
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RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
Three Months Ended June 30, 2023 Compared to Three Months Ended June 30, 2022
Consolidated Results of Operations

| Three Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
(Dollars in thousands) | Amount |  | % of Revenue |  | Amount |  | % of Revenue
Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lawson | $ | 119,147 |  |  | 31.5% |  | $ | 107,334 |  |  | 33.4%
TestEquity | 136,067 |  |  | 36.0% |  | 97,874 |  |  | 30.5%
Gexpro Services | 108,274 |  |  | 28.6% |  | 99,792 |  |  | 31.1%
All Other | 14,496 |  |  | 3.8% |  | 16,336 |  |  | 5.1%
Total Revenue | 377,984 |  |  | 100.0% |  | 321,336 |  |  | 100.0%
Cost of goods sold |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lawson | 52,769 |  |  | 14.0% |  | 50,552 |  |  | 15.7%
TestEquity | 104,827 |  |  | 27.7% |  | 75,064 |  |  | 23.4%
Gexpro Services | 75,928 |  |  | 20.1% |  | 70,615 |  |  | 22.0%
All Other | 8,437 |  |  | 2.2% |  | 10,550 |  |  | 3.3%
Total Cost of goods sold | 241,961 |  |  | 64.0% |  | 206,781 |  |  | 64.4%
Gross profit | 136,023 |  |  | 36.0% |  | 114,555 |  |  | 35.6%
Selling, general and administrative expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lawson | 57,908 |  |  | 15.3% |  | 59,344 |  |  | 18.5%
TestEquity | 34,422 |  |  | 9.1% |  | 22,339 |  |  | 7.0%
Gexpro Services | 23,568 |  |  | 6.2% |  | 23,787 |  |  | 7.4%
All Other | 6,349 |  |  | 1.7% |  | 4,972 |  |  | 1.5%
Total Selling, general and administrative expenses | 122,247 |  |  | 32.4% |  | 110,442 |  |  | 34.4%
Operating income (loss) | 13,776 |  |  | 3.6% |  | 4,113 |  |  | 1.3%
Interest expense | (9,492) |  |  | (2.5)% |  | (3,751) |  |  | (1.2)%
Loss on extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | —% |  | (2,814) |  |  | (0.9)%
Change in fair value of earnout liabilities | 36 |  |  | —% |  | (5,693) |  |  | (1.8)%
Other income (expense), net | (761) |  |  | (0.2)% |  | (182) |  |  | (0.1)%
Income (loss) before income taxes | 3,559 |  |  | 0.9% |  | (8,327) |  |  | (2.6)%
Income tax expense (benefit) | 535 |  |  | 0.1% |  | (3,612) |  |  | (1.1)%
Net income (loss) | $ | 3,024 |  |  | 0.8% |  | $ | (4,715) |  |  | (1.5)%

Overview of Consolidated Results of Operations
Our consolidated revenue increased in the second quarter of 2023 compared to the second quarter of 2022 primarily driven by acquisitions completed in 2023 and 2022 and organic sales growth. Consolidated gross profit and Selling, general and administrative expenses increased over the prior year primarily driven by the inclusion of the acquisitions completed in 2023 and 2022.
Refer to Results by Reportable Segment below for a complete discussion of our results of operations.
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Results by Reportable Segment
Lawson Segment

| Three Months Ended June 30, | Change
(Dollars in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Amount |  | %
Revenue | $ | 119,147 |  |  | $ | 107,334 |  |  | $ | 11,813 |  |  | 11.0 | %
Cost of goods sold | 52,769 |  |  | 50,552 |  |  | 2,217 |  |  | 4.4 | %
Gross profit | 66,378 |  |  | 56,782 |  |  | 9,596 |  |  | 16.9 | %
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 57,908 |  |  | 59,344 |  |  | (1,436) |  |  | (2.4) | %
Operating income (loss) | $ | 8,470 |  |  | $ | (2,562) |  |  | $ | 11,032 |  |  | N/M
Gross profit margin | 55.7 | % |  | 52.9 | % |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | $ | 16,070 |  |  | $ | 9,405 |  |  | $ | 6,665 |  |  | 70.9 | %

(1)Refer to the Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA section in Overview for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating income.
Revenue and Gross Profit
Revenue increased $11.8 million, or 11.0%, to $119.1 million in the second quarter of 2023 compared to $107.3 million in the second quarter of 2022. The increase was primarily driven by the realization of price increases enacted throughout 2022 and 2023 to offset rising supplier costs, increased quantity volumes and strengthening sales to Lawson's strategic and governmental customers and automotive end market.
Gross profit increased $9.6 million to $66.4 million in the second quarter of 2023 compared to gross profit of $56.8 million in the prior year quarter primarily as a result of increased sales, price increases, lower net freight expense and spreading operating expenses over a higher level of sales. Lawson gross profit as a percent of revenue was 55.7% in the second quarter of 2023 compared to 52.9% in the prior year quarter. The gross profit margin percentage improvement for the second quarter of 2023 was primarily the result of price increases and leveraging operating costs over a higher sales base. The prior year quarter was negatively impacted by increased supplier costs from inflation and supply chain disruptions, and a sales shift toward lower margin customers.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of compensation and support for Lawson sales representatives and expenses to operate Lawson's distribution network and overhead expenses.
Selling, general and administrative expenses decreased $1.4 million to $57.9 million in the second quarter of 2023 compared to $59.3 million in the prior year quarter. The decrease was primarily driven by lower stock-based compensation, acquisition related costs and legal expenses, partially offset by higher compensation expense incurred to support increased sales and health insurance costs.
Adjusted EBITDA
During the three months ended June 30, 2023, Lawson generated Adjusted EBITDA of $16.1 million, an increase of $6.7 million, or 70.9% from the same period a year ago primarily driven by increased revenue and margins and lower Selling, general and administrative expenses.
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TestEquity Segment

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
(Dollars in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Amount |  | %
Revenue | $ | 136,067 |  |  | $ | 97,874 |  |  | $ | 38,193 |  |  | 39.0 | %
Cost of goods sold | 104,827 |  |  | 75,064 |  |  | 29,763 |  |  | 39.7 | %
Gross profit | 31,240 |  |  | 22,810 |  |  | 8,430 |  |  | 37.0 | %
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 34,422 |  |  | 22,339 |  |  | 12,083 |  |  | 54.1 | %
Operating income (loss) | $ | (3,182) |  |  | $ | 471 |  |  | $ | (3,653) |  |  | N/M
Gross profit margin | 23.0 | % |  | 23.3 | % |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | $ | 9,493 |  |  | $ | 8,647 |  |  | $ | 846 |  |  | 9.8 | %

(1)Refer to the Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA section in Overview for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating income.
Revenue and Gross Profit
Revenue increased $38.2 million, or 39.0%, to $136.1 million in the second quarter of 2023 compared to $97.9 million in the second quarter of 2022. The increase was primarily driven by $43.4 million of revenue generated from acquisitions completed in 2023 and 2022 offset by a $5.2 million decline in legacy TestEquity revenue due to a slowdown in the test and measurement market, primarily caused by tightening of capital budgets in TestEquity's customer base.
Gross profit increased $8.4 million to $31.2 million in the second quarter of 2023 compared to gross profit of $22.8 million in the prior year quarter primarily as a result of the inclusion of the acquisitions completed in 2023 and 2022, which generated $11.1 million of additional gross profit in the second quarter of 2023. TestEquity gross profit as a percent of revenue was 23.0% in the second quarter of 2023 compared to 23.3% in the prior year quarter. The slight gross profit margin percentage decline for t he second quarter of 2023 was due to the amortization of the fair value step-up of inventory of $0.7 million related to the Hisco Transaction.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of compensation and support for TestEquity's sales representatives and expenses to operate TestEquity's distribution network and overhead expenses.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $12.1 million to $34.4 million in the second quarter of 2023 compared to $22.3 million in the prior year quarter. Approximately $10.4 million of the increased expenses was primarily driven by the acquisitions completed in 2023 and 2022 and approximately $2.1 million of the increased expenses was driven by increased acquisition expenses in the second quarter of 2023 of $4.1 million in connection with the Hisco Transaction compared to $2.0 million of merger and acquisition expenses in the prior year quarter.
Adjusted EBITDA
During the three months ended June 30, 2023, TestEquity generated Adjusted EBITDA of $9.5 million, an increase of $0.8 million, or 9.8% from the same period a year ago with approximately $3.0 million driven by the acquisitions completed in 2023 and 2022, offset by a reduction of $2.2 million in legacy TestEquity due to the decline in revenue.
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Gexpro Services Segment

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
(Dollars in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Amount |  | %
Revenue | $ | 108,274 |  |  | $ | 99,792 |  |  | $ | 8,482 |  |  | 8.5 | %
Cost of goods sold | 75,928 |  |  | 70,615 |  |  | 5,313 |  |  | 7.5 | %
Gross profit | 32,346 |  |  | 29,177 |  |  | 3,169 |  |  | 10.9 | %
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 23,568 |  |  | 23,787 |  |  | (219) |  |  | (0.9) | %
Operating income (loss) | $ | 8,778 |  |  | $ | 5,390 |  |  | $ | 3,388 |  |  | 62.9 | %
Gross profit margin | 29.9 | % |  | 29.2 | % |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | $ | 13,142 |  |  | $ | 11,915 |  |  | $ | 1,227 |  |  | 10.3 | %

(1)Refer to the Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA section in Overview for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating income.
Revenue and Gross Profit
Revenue increased $8.5 million, or 8.5%, to $108.3 million in the second quarter of 2023 compared to $99.8 million in the second quarter of 2022. The increase was primarily driven by organic growth in the base business t hrough an expansion of products and services to existing customers as well as the addition of new customers.
Gross profit increased $3.2 million to $32.3 million in the second quarter of 2023 compared to gross profit of $29.2 million in the prior year quarter primarily due to increased revenue. Gexpro Services gross profit as a percent of revenue was 29.9% in the second quarter of 2023 compared to 29.2% in the prior year quarter. The gross profit margin increase was driven by an improvement in the global supply chain and enhanced margin management on its product offering.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of sales and marketing expenses primarily relating to compensation, costs associated with supporting Gexpro Services’ service facilities, overhead expenses within finance, legal, human resources and information technology, and other costs required to operate Gexpro Services’ business and service customers.
Selling, general, and administrative expenses remained flat with $23.6 million of expenses in the second quarter of 2023 compared to $23.8 million in the prior year quarter.
Adjusted EBITDA
During the three months ended June 30, 2023, Gexpro Services generated Adjusted EBITDA of $13.1 million, an increase of $1.2 million, or 10.3%, from the same period a year ago primarily driven by increases in revenue and margins on flat Selling, general, and administrative expenses.
Consolidated Non-operating Income and Expense

| Three Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
(Dollars in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Amount |  | %
Interest expense | $ | (9,492) |  |  | $ | (3,751) |  |  | $ | (5,741) |  |  | 153.1 | %
Loss on extinguishment of debt | $ | — |  |  | $ | (2,814) |  |  | $ | 2,814 |  |  | (100.0) | %
Change in fair value of earnout liabilities | $ | 36 |  |  | $ | (5,693) |  |  | $ | 5,729 |  |  | N/M
Other income (expense), net | $ | (761) |  |  | $ | (182) |  |  | $ | (579) |  |  | 318.1 | %
Income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 535 |  |  | $ | (3,612) |  |  | $ | 4,147 |  |  | (114.8) | %

N/M Not meaningful
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Interest Expense
Interest expense increased $5.7 million in the second quarter of 2023 compared to the prior year quarter. The increase was primarily driven by higher interest rates and outstanding borrowings partially driven by the Hisco Transaction.
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
The $2.8 million loss on extinguishment of debt in the second quarter of 2022 was due to the write-off of previously capitalized financing costs as a result of the debt refinancing related to the Mergers.
Change in Fair Value of Earnout Liabilities
The nominal benefit in the second quarter of 2023 related to the change in fair value of the earnout liabilities associated with the Frontier acquisition and the Hisco Transaction. The $5.7 million loss in the second quarter of 2022 primarily related to the change in fair value of the earnout derivative liability associated with the earnout provisions of the Merger Agreements.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
Income tax expense was $0.5 million, a 15.0% effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2023 compared to income tax benefit of $3.6 million and a 43.4% effective tax rate for the three months ended June 30, 2022. The change in the year over year effective tax rate was primarily due to the the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax benefit during the quarter.
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Six Months Ended June 30, 2023 Compared to Six Months Ended June 30, 2022
Consolidated Results of Operations

| Six Months Ended June 30,
| 2023 |  | 2022
(Dollars in thousands) | Amount |  | % of Net Sales |  | Amount |  | % of Net Sales
Revenue |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lawson(1) | $ | 244,427 |  |  | 33.7 | % |  | $ | 107,334 |  |  | 22.6 | %
TestEquity | 243,425 |  |  | 33.5 | % |  | 170,276 |  |  | 35.8 | %
Gexpro Services | 209,290 |  |  | 28.8 | % |  | 181,475 |  |  | 38.2 | %
All Other | 29,112 |  |  | 4.0 | % |  | 16,336 |  |  | 3.4 | %
Total Revenue | 726,254 |  |  | 100.0 | % |  | 475,421 |  |  | 100.0 | %
Cost of goods sold |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lawson(1) | 107,140 |  |  | 14.8 | % |  | 50,552 |  |  | 10.6 | %
TestEquity | 186,828 |  |  | 25.7 | % |  | 130,543 |  |  | 27.5 | %
Gexpro Services | 146,439 |  |  | 20.2 | % |  | 128,337 |  |  | 27.0 | %
All Other | 16,953 |  |  | 2.3 | % |  | 10,550 |  |  | 2.2 | %
Total Cost of goods sold | 457,360 |  |  | 63.0 | % |  | 319,982 |  |  | 67.3 | %
Gross profit | 268,894 |  |  | 37.0 | % |  | 155,439 |  |  | 32.7 | %
Selling, general and administrative expenses |  |  |  |  |  |  |
Lawson(1) | 120,572 |  |  | 16.6 | % |  | 59,344 |  |  | 12.5 | %
TestEquity | 59,753 |  |  | 8.2 | % |  | 39,866 |  |  | 8.4 | %
Gexpro Services | 46,699 |  |  | 6.4 | % |  | 44,156 |  |  | 9.3 | %
All Other | 11,373 |  |  | 1.6 | % |  | 4,972 |  |  | 1.0 | %
Total Selling, general and administrative expenses | 238,397 |  |  | 32.8 | % |  | 148,338 |  |  | 31.2 | %
Operating income (loss) | 30,497 |  |  | 4.2 | % |  | 7,101 |  |  | 1.5 | %
Interest expense | (17,162) |  |  | (2.4) | % |  | (10,607) |  |  | (2.2) | %
Loss on extinguishment of debt | — |  |  | — | % |  | (3,395) |  |  | (0.7) | %
Change in fair value of earnout liabilities | (21) |  |  | — | % |  | (5,693) |  |  | (1.2) | %
Other income (expense), net | (1,736) |  |  | (0.2) | % |  | 774 |  |  | 0.2 | %
Income (loss) before income taxes | 11,578 |  |  | 1.6 | % |  | (11,820) |  |  | (2.5) | %
Income tax expense (benefit) | 2,647 |  |  | 0.4 | % |  | (4,568) |  |  | (1.0) | %
Net income (loss) | $ | 8,931 |  |  | 1.2 | % |  | $ | (7,252) |  |  | (1.5) | %

(1)Includes the operating results of Lawson subsequent, but not prior, to the Merger Date of April 1, 2022.
Overview of Consolidated Results of Operations
Our consolidated results of operations include the financial impact of the Mergers that were completed on April 1, 2022 and the other acquisitions completed in 2023 and 2022. The increase in gross profit for the first six months of 2023 compared to the first six months of 2022 was primarily due to the inclusion of Lawson operations only subsequent, and not prior, to the Merger Date and the other acquisitions completed in 2023 and 2 022. Expenses for the first six months of 2023 compared to the first six months of 2022 were impacted by the inclusion of Lawson and the other acquisitions completed in 2023 and 2022.
Refer to Results by Reportable Segment below for a complete discussion of our results of operations.
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Results by Reportable Segment
Lawson Segment

| Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
(Dollars in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Amount |  | %
Revenue | $ | 244,427 |  |  | $ | 107,334 |  |  | $ | 137,093 |  |  | — | %
Cost of goods sold | 107,140 |  |  | 50,552 |  |  | 56,588 |  |  | — | %
Gross profit | 137,287 |  |  | 56,782 |  |  | 80,505 |  |  | — | %
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 120,572 |  |  | 59,344 |  |  | 61,228 |  |  | — | %
Operating income (loss) | $ | 16,715 |  |  | $ | (2,562) |  |  | $ | 19,277 |  |  | — | %
Gross profit margin | 56.2 | % |  | 52.9 | % |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | $ | 34,520 |  |  | $ | 9,405 |  |  | $ | 25,115 |  |  | 267.0 | %

(1)Refer to the Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA section in Overview for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating income.
The increase in revenue, gross profit and operating income for the first six months of 2023 compared to the first six months of 2022 was due to the inclusion of Lawson operations beginning on the Merger Date and not including any Lawson operations prior to the Merger Date.
Supplemental Information
For management to discuss Lawson's operating results on a comparable basis, Lawson's GAAP results of operations for the six months ended June 30, 2022 were adjusted to include its results prior to the April 1, 2022 Merger Date in order to reflect the total operating activities attributable to Lawson for each period presented. These non-GAAP Adjusted Results for the six months ended June 30, 2022 presented in the table below are referred to within this supplemental results of operations discussion as "Adjusted".

| Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Adjusted Change
(Dollars in thousands) | 2023 |  | Adjusted 2022(1) |  | Amount |  | %
Revenue | $ | 244,427 |  |  | $ | 212,236 |  |  | $ | 32,191 |  |  | 15.2%
Cost of goods sold | 107,140 |  |  | 99,923 |  |  | 7,217 |  |  | 7.2%
Gross profit | 137,287 |  |  | 112,313 |  |  | 24,974 |  |  | 22.2%
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 120,572 |  |  | 103,779 |  |  | 16,793 |  |  | 16.2%
Operating income (loss) | $ | 16,715 |  |  | $ | 8,534 |  |  | $ | 8,181 |  |  | 95.9%
Gross profit margin | 56.2 | % |  | 52.9 | % |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITDA(2) | $ | 34,520 |  |  | $ | 17,447 |  |  | $ | 17,073 |  |  | 97.9%

(1)For comparability purposes, Lawson's GAAP results of operations were adjusted to include the historical unaudited results of Lawson prior to the Merger Date. Refer to the section Factors Affecting Comparability to Prior Periods and the non-GAAP measures section Supplemental Information - Lawson Non-GAAP Adjusted Operating Income and Non- GAAP EBITDA for more information related to the calculation of adjusted amounts.
(2)Refer to the Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA section in Overview for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating income.
Revenue and Gross Profit
Revenue increased $32.2 million, or 15.2%, to $244.4 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to adjusted revenue of $212.2 million in the same period of 2022. The increase was primarily driven by the realization of price increases enacted throughout 2022 and 2023 to offset rising supplier costs, increased quantity volumes and strengthening sales to Lawson's strategic and governmental customers and automotive end market.
Gross profit increased $25.0 million to $137.3 million in the first six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to adjusted gross profit of $112.3 million i n the same period of 2022 primarily as a result of increased sales, price increases, lower net freight expense and sp reading operating expenses over a higher level of sales. Lawson gross profit as a percent of revenue was
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56.2% in the first six months of 2023 compared to adjusted gross profit as a percent of adjusted revenue of 52.9% in the prior year period. The gross profit margin percentage improvement for the first six months of 2023 was primarily the result of price increases, lower net freight costs and leveraging costs over a higher sales base. T he adjusted gross profit margin percentage for the same period of 2022 was impacted by increased supplier costs from inflation and supply chain disruptions and a sales shift toward lower margin customers. Adjusted gross profit margin for 2022 was also impacted by the amortization of the fair value step-up of inventory of $1.2 million related to the Mergers.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of compensation and support for Lawson sales representatives as well as expenses to operate Lawson's distribution network and overhead expenses.
Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $16.8 million to $120.6 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to adjusted Selling, general and administrative expenses of $103.8 million in the same period of 2022. The increase was primarily driven by higher compensation expense incurred to support increased sales, additional depreciation and amortization as a result of the fair value step-up adjustments related to the reverse merger acquisition accounting and higher stock-based compensation in 2023 partially offset by lower acquisition related costs in 2023 and a stock-based compensation benefit in 2022.
Adjusted EBITDA
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, Lawson generated Adjusted EBITDA of $34.5 million, an increase of $17.1 million, or 97.9% from the same period a year ago primarily driven by increased revenue and gross profit margin.
TestEquity Segment

| Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
(Dollars in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Amount |  | %
Revenue | $ | 243,425 |  |  | $ | 170,276 |  |  | $ | 73,149 |  |  | 43.0 | %
Cost of goods sold | 186,828 |  |  | 130,543 |  |  | 56,285 |  |  | 43.1 | %
Gross profit | 56,597 |  |  | 39,733 |  |  | 16,864 |  |  | 42.4 | %
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 59,753 |  |  | 39,866 |  |  | 19,887 |  |  | 49.9 | %
Operating income (loss) | $ | (3,156) |  |  | $ | (133) |  |  | $ | (3,023) |  |  | N/M
Gross profit margin | 23.3 | % |  | 23.3 | % |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | $ | 17,152 |  |  | $ | 14,138 |  |  | $ | 3,014 |  |  | 21.3 | %

(1)Refer to the Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA section in Overview for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating income.
Revenue and Gross Profit
Revenue increased $73.1 million, or 43.0%, to $243.4 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to $170.3 million in the same period in 2022. The increase was primarily driven by $78.3 million of revenue generated from acquisitions completed in 2023 and 2022 offset by a $5.2 million decline in legacy TestEquity due to a slowdown in the test and measurement market, primarily caused by tightening of capital budgets in TestEquity's customer base.
Gross profit increased $16.9 million to $56.6 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to $39.7 million in the same period of 2022 primarily as a result of the inclusion of the acquisitions completed in 2023 and 2022, which generated $18.6 million of additional gross profit during the first six months of 2023. TestEquity gross profit as a percent of revenue was consistent at 23.3% in the first six months of 2023 compared to 23.3% in the prior year period driven by an expansion of margins within the existing base business offset by the amortization of the fair value step-up of inventory of $0.7 million related to the Hisco Transaction and a shift in sales mix from the lower gross margin rates from the 2022 acquisitions.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of compensation and support for TestEquity's sales representatives and expenses to operate TestEquity's distribution network and overhead expenses.
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Selling, general and administrative expenses increased $19.9 million to $59.8 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to $39.9 million in the same period of 2022. Approximately $15.6 million of the increased expenses was primarily driven by the acquisitions completed in 2023 and 2022 and approximately $4.0 million of the increased expenses was driven by increased merger and acquisition expenses in the first six months of 2023 of $6.8 million in connection with the Hisco Transaction compared to $2.8 million of merger and acquisition expenses in the same period of 2022.
Adjusted EBITDA
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, TestEquity generated Adjusted EBITDA of $17.2 million, an increase of $3.0 million, or 21.3% from the same period a year ago with approximately $5.3 million driven by the acquisitions completed in 2023 and 2022.
Gexpro Services Segment

| Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
(Dollars in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Amount |  | %
Revenue | $ | 209,290 |  |  | $ | 181,475 |  |  | $ | 27,815 |  |  | 15.3 | %
Cost of goods sold | 146,439 |  |  | 128,337 |  |  | 18,102 |  |  | 14.1 | %
Gross profit | 62,851 |  |  | 53,138 |  |  | 9,713 |  |  | 18.3 | %
Selling, general and administrative expenses | 46,699 |  |  | 44,156 |  |  | 2,543 |  |  | 5.8 | %
Operating income (loss) | $ | 16,152 |  |  | $ | 8,982 |  |  | $ | 7,170 |  |  | 79.8 | %
Gross profit margin | 30.0 | % |  | 29.3 | % |  |  |  |
Adjusted EBITDA(1) | $ | 24,816 |  |  | $ | 19,926 |  |  | $ | 4,890 |  |  | 24.5 | %

(1)Refer to the Non-GAAP Adjusted EBITDA section in Overview for a reconciliation of Adjusted EBITDA to operating income.
Revenue and Gross Profit
Revenue increased $27.8 million, or 15.3%, to $209.3 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to $181.5 million in the same period of 2022. The increase was primarily driven by $3.2 million of revenue generated from the Frontier acquisition completed at the end of the first quarter of 2022 and organic growth in the base business through an expansion of products and services to existing customers as well as the addition of new customers.
Gross profit increased $9.7 million to $62.9 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to $53.1 million in the same period of 2022. Gexpro Services gross profit as a percent of revenue was 30.0% in the first six months of 2023 compared to 29.3% in the prior year period d riven by an improvement in the global supply chain and margin management on its product offering.
Selling, General and Administrative Expenses
Selling, general and administrative expenses consist of sales and marketing expenses primarily relating to compensation, costs associated with supporting Gexpro Services’ service facilities, overhead expenses within finance, legal, human resources and information technology, and other costs required to operate Gexpro Services' business and service customers.
Selling, general, and administrative expenses increased $2.5 million to $46.7 million in the first six months ended June 30, 2023 compared to $44.2 million in the same period of 2022. The increase was primarily driven by $2.4 million of additional expenses from the Frontier acquisition completed at the end of the first quarter of 2022 and additional compensation and product fulfillment costs to support the organic growth.
Adjusted EBITDA
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, Gexpro Services generated Adjusted EBITDA of $24.8 million, an increase of $4.9 million, or 24.5% from the same period a year ago primarily driven by increased revenue and gross profit margin.
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Consolidated Non-operating Income and Expense

| Six Months Ended June 30, |  | Change
(Dollars in thousands) | 2023 |  | 2022 |  | Amount |  | %
Interest expense | $ | (17,162) |  |  | $ | (10,607) |  |  | $ | (6,555) |  |  | 61.8 | %
Loss on extinguishment of debt | $ | — |  |  | $ | (3,395) |  |  | $ | 3,395 |  |  | N/M
Change in fair value of earnout liabilities | $ | (21) |  |  | $ | (5,693) |  |  | $ | 5,672 |  |  | N/M
Other income (expense), net | $ | (1,736) |  |  | $ | 774 |  |  | $ | (2,510) |  |  | (324.3) | %
Income tax expense (benefit) | $ | 2,647 |  |  | $ | (4,568) |  |  | $ | 7,215 |  |  | N/M

Interest Expense
Interest expense increased $6.6 million in the first six months of 2023 compared to the same period of 2022 primarily due to an increase in interest rates and higher borrowings related to the Mergers and the other 2022 and 2023 acquisitions.
Loss on Extinguishment of Debt
The $3.4 million loss on extinguishment of debt in the six months ended June 30, 2022 was primarily due to the write-off of previously capitalized financing costs as a result of the debt refinancing related to the Mergers.
Change in Fair Value of Earnout Liabilities
The nominal loss in the first six months of 2023 related to the change in fair value of the earnout liabilities associated with the Frontier acquisition and the Hisco Transaction. The $5.7 million loss in the first six months of 2022 primarily related to the change in fair value of the earnout derivative liability associated with the earnout provisions of the Merger Agreements.
Income Tax Expense (Benefit)
Income tax expense was $2.6 million, a 22.9% effective tax rate for the first six months of 2023 compared to an income tax benefit of $4.6 million and a 38.6% effective tax rate for the first six months of 2022. The change in the year over year effective tax rate was primarily due to lower transaction costs and the release of a reserve for an uncertain tax benefit. The 2022 income tax was also impacted by the creation of a consolidated group for federal income tax purposes as a result of the completion of the Mergers.
LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES
Cash and cash equivalents were $44.2 million on June 30, 2023 compared to $24.6 million on December 31, 2022.
The Company believes its current balances of cash and cash equivalents, availability under its 2023 Credit Agreement and cash flows from operations will be sufficient to meet its liquidity needs for the next twelve months. As of June 30, 2023, liquidity for the Company was $233.8 million comprised of $44.2 million of cash and cash equivalents and $189.6 million of bo rrowing availability remaining, net of outstanding letters of credit, under the 2023 Credit Agreement.
On June 2, 2023, the Company raised approximately $100 million from the Rights Offering, in which 2,222,222 shares of DSG common stock were sold at a purchase price of $45.00 per share. On June 8, 2023, the Company borrowed the $305.0 million under the incremental term loan of the 2023 Credit Agreement. The Company used these combined proceeds primarily to fund the Hisco Transaction and to pay down its revolving credit facility.
Our primary short-term and long-term liquidity and capital resource needs are to finance operating expenses, working capital, capital expenditures, potential business acquisitions, strategic initiatives and general corporate purposes. Our current debt obligations under the 2023 Credit Agreement mature in April 2027. Principal payments on the 2023 Credit Agreement for the next twelve months are $30.3 million. Refer to Note 9 – Debt within Item 1. Financial Statements for additional information related to our debt obligations. Access to debt capital markets has historically provided the Company with sources of liquidity, beyond normal operating cash flows. We do not anticipate having difficulty in obtaining financing from those markets in the future, however, we cannot provide assurance that events beyond our control will not have a material adverse impact on our liquidity.
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Sources and Uses of Cash
The following table presents a summary of our cash flows:

(in thousands) | June 30, 2023 |  | June 30, 2022 |  | Change
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities | $ | 27,464 |  |  | $ | (39,543) |  |  | $ | 67,007 |
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities | $ | (262,824) |  |  | $ | (115,286) |  |  | $ | (147,538) |
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities | $ | 274,930 |  |  | $ | 157,043 |  |  | $ | 117,887 |

Cash Provided by (Used in) Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operations for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $27.5 million primarily due to net income including non-cash items, partially offset by investments in trade working capital to support higher sales and other net cash flow items.
Net cash used in operations for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $39.5 million, excluding non-cash items, primarily due to increased accounts receivables driven by higher sales and increased inventories due to increased supplier costs driven by inflation and global supply chain disruptions.
Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $262.8 million, primarily due to the Hisco Transaction, as well as purchases of property, plant and equipment and rental equipment which was partially offset by the sale of rental equipment.
Net cash used in investing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $115.3 million, primarily due to acquisitions completed by TestEquity and Gexpro Services.
Cash Provided by (Used in) Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2023 was $274.9 million due to proceeds from the 2023 Credit Agreement and the Rights Offering partially offset by repayment of previous indebtedness and principal payments on the term loans. In conjunction with the Hisco Transaction, the Company borrowed $305.0 million under the incremental term loan facility on June 8, 2023 and raised approximately $100 million through the Rights Offering closed during the second quarter of 2023. During the first six months of 2023, deferred financing costs of $3.4 million were incurred related to the 2023 Credit Agreement and offering costs of $1.5 million were incurred related to the Rights Offering.
Net cash provided by financing activities for the six months ended June 30, 2022 was $157.0 million, primarily due to proceeds from term loans and revolving credit facilities to finance the Mergers and other acquisitions, partly offset by repayment of previous indebtedness. Deferred financing costs of $11.4 million were incurred during the first six months of 2022 related to these financing activities.
Financing and Capital Requirements
Credit Facility
On June 8, 2023, in connection with the Hisco Transaction, DSG entered into the First Amendment, which amended and replaced the previous April 1, 2022 credit agreement with the 2023 Credit Agreement, and provided for a $305.0 million incremental term loan facility. The 2023 Credit Agreement also provides for the Company to increase the commitments from time to time by up to $200 million in the aggregate, subject to, among other things, receipt of additional commitments from existing and/or new lenders and pro forma compliance with certain financial covenants.
The 2023 Credit Agreement includes a $200 million senior secured revolving credit facility, a $250 million senior secured initial term loan facility, a $305 million incremental term loan and a $50 million senior secured delayed draw term loan facility. Refer to Note 9 – Debt within Item 1. Financial Statements for a description of the 2023 Credit Agreement.
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On June 30, 2023, we had $598.4 million in outstanding borrowings under the 2023 Credit Agreement and $189.6 million of bo rrowing availability remaining, net of outstanding letters of credit, under the senior secured revolving credit facility component.
As of June 30, 2023, we were in compliance with all financial covenants under our 2023 Credit Agreement. While we were in compliance with our financial covenants as of June 30, 2023, failure to meet the covenant requirements of the 2023 Credit Agreement in future quarters could lead to higher financing costs and increased restrictions, reduce or eliminate our ability to borrow funds, or accelerate the payment of our indebtedness and could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Purchase Commitments
As of June 30, 2023, we had contractual commitments to purchase approximately $187 million of products from our suppliers and contractors over the next twelve months.
Capital Expenditures
During the six months ended June 30, 2023, t otal capital expenditures for property, plant and equipment and rental equipment were $13.8 million excluding proceeds from the sale of rental equipment. The Company expects to spend approxi mately $6 million to $8 million for capit al expenditures during the remainder of 2023 to support ongoing operations.
Stock Repurchase Program
The Company's Board of Directors previously authorized a stock repurchase program that permits the Company to repurchase its common stock. The timing and the amount of any repurchases will be determined by management under parameters established by the Board of Directors and depend on various factors including an evaluation of our stock price, corporate and regulatory requirements, capital availability and other market conditions.
The Company had $7.6 million of remaining availability for stock repurchases under the program as of June 30, 2023. See Note 11 – Stockholders' Equity with in Item 1. Financial Statements for further information.
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ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
ITEM 3 of Part I has been omitted from this report.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our senior management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), as of the end of the period covered by this report (the “Evaluation Date”). These disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information relating to DSG, including DSG's consolidated subsidiaries, required to be disclosed in our SEC reports (i) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and forms, and (ii) includes, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded as of the Evaluation Date that our disclosure controls and procedures were not effective as of June 30, 2023 because of the previously reported material weakness in internal control over financial reporting, as described below.
Ongoing Remediation of Material Weaknesses in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
As previously disclosed under Item 9A. Controls and Procedures in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022, the Company’s management concluded that its internal control over financial reporting was not effective based on the material weakness identified. As a result of our expanding business operations, primarily related to the April 1, 2022 Mergers, we have experienced an increase in complex and non-routine accounting transactions and control activities necessary to properly present consolidated results. Specifically, in our TestEquity operating segment, we did not have sufficient technical accounting resources and personnel (i) to help ensure proper application of U.S. generally accepted accounting principles ("U.S. GAAP") in the accounting for certain areas primarily related to accounting for business acquisitions and the disposal of rental equipment, or (ii) to effectively design and execute our process level controls around (a) revenue recognition, (b) account reconciliations, (c) accounting policies and (d) proper segregation of duties.
The remediation efforts summarized below, which have been or will be implemented, are intended both to address the identified material weakness and to enhance the Company’s overall internal control environment.
Accounting Expertise and Personnel
•Management is assessing the accounting function and is planning to hire additional accounting personnel to improve the accounting capabilities and capacity, and to ensure internal control activities are maintained and performed.
Accounting Policies and Controls
•Management has expanded our training related to internal controls to include workshops designed to improve control awareness and educate all applicable personnel at the business unit level on internal control topics.
•Management has designed and implemented controls over the review of the accuracy and completeness of inputs provided to and outputs provided by third-party specialists, including the memorialization of accounting treatment conclusions for acquisitions.
•Management will strengthen accounting policies, specifically within complex, non-routine transactions, revenue recognition and accounting for business acquisitions, and verify procedures against U.S. GAAP.
•Management will design and implement entity level monitoring controls to support the review and preparation of complete and accurate financial information.
Segregation of Duties
•Management has evaluated logical access and eliminated known segregation of duties conflicts.
•Management has designed and is in the process of implementing periodic logical access review controls to monitor user access and proper segregation of duties.
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We have designed our remediation plan to address the material weakness mentioned above and strengthen our overall internal control over financial reporting. However, we will not be able to determine if the material weakness has been remediated until our efforts are completed and we have reassessed the procedures and controls put in place. We will continue to review our financial reporting controls and procedures. As we finalize and implement the remediation plan outlined above, we may also identify additional measures to address the material weakness or modify certain of the remediation procedures described above. We also may implement additional changes to our internal control over financial reporting as may be appropriate in the course of remediating the material weakness. Management will continue to take steps to remedy the material weakness to reinforce the overall design and capability of our control environment.
Changes in Internal Control over Financial Reporting
Given the significance and timing of the Hisco Transaction and the complexity of systems and business processes, we intend to exclude the Hisco operating company from our assessment and report on internal control over financial reporting for the year ending December 31, 2023. Other than the Hisco Transaction and our ongoing remediation efforts discussed above, there were no changes in our internal control over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act, during our most recently completed fiscal quarter that materially affected or are reasonably likely to materially affect our internal control over financial reporting.
PART II
OTHER INFORMATION
ITEMS 2, 3, 4 and 5 of Part II are not applicable and have been omitted from this report.
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
See Note 14 – Commitments and Contingencies to our unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements, included within Item 1. Financial Statements, which is incorporated herein by reference, for a description of certain of our pending legal proceedings, which are incorporated herein by reference. In addition, the Company is involved in legal actions that arise in the ordinary course of business.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Other than the risk factors discussed below, there have been no material changes from the risk factors disclosed in the “Risk Factors” section in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2022.
Business Risks
Cyber-attacks or other information security incidents could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition, subject us to additional legal costs and damage our reputation in the marketplace.
We are increasingly dependent on digital technology to process and record financial and operating data and communicate with our employees and business partners. During the normal course of business we receive, retain and transmit certain confidential information that our customers provide to purchase products or services or to otherwise communicate with us, as well as certain information about our employees and other persons and entities.
Our technologies, systems, networks and data and information processes (and those of our business partners) have been, and may in the future be, the target of cyber-attacks and/or information security incidents that may have resulted in, or may in the future result in, the unauthorized release, misuse, loss or destruction of proprietary, personal and other information, or other disruption of our business operations, including compromise of our email systems. For example, in February 2022, DSG became aware that its computer network was the subject of a cyber incident potentially involving unlawful access (the “Cyber Incident”). Because of the nature of the information that may have been compromised, we were required to notify the parties whose information was potentially compromised of the incident as well as various governmental agencies and have taken other actions, such as offering credit monitoring services. In addition, from time to time our email systems (and those of our business partners communicating with us) have been subjected to malicious attacks, including phishing attacks.
Such attacks or incidents could have a material adverse effect on our operating results and financial condition, subject us to additional legal costs and damage our reputation in the marketplace. For example, a putative class action lawsuit was filed
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against DSG in April 2023 asserting a variety of claims seeking monetary damages, injunctive relief and other related relief in connection with the Cyber Incident, which could result in additional legal and other costs.
The techniques used by criminals to obtain unauthorized access to sensitive data change frequently and often are not recognizable until launched against a target or until a breach has already occurred. Accordingly, we may be unable to anticipate these techniques or implement adequate preventative measures. As cyber threats continue to evolve, we may be required to expend additional resources to continue to modify or enhance our protective measures or to investigate and fix any information security vulnerabilities.
We maintain and have access to data and information that is subject to privacy and security laws, data protection laws and applicable regulations. The interpretation and application of such laws, including federal, state and international laws, relating to the collection, use, retention, disclosure, security and transfer of personally identifiable data in the United States (including but not limited to the California Consumer Privacy Act and the California Privacy Rights Act), Europe (including but not limited to the European Union's General Data Protection Regulation) and elsewhere, are uncertain and evolving. Despite our efforts to protect such information, cyber incidents or misplaced or lost data could have a materially adverse impact on our business, and may divert management and employee attention from other business and growth initiatives. Further, an information privacy or security incident could result in legal or reputational risks and could have a materially adverse impact on our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Any pursuit or completion by DSG of additional acquisition opportunities would involve risks that could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
One of our growth strategies is to actively pursue additional acquisition opportunities which complement our business model. However, there are risks associated with pursuing acquisitions, which include the incurrence of significant transaction costs without the guarantee that such transactions will be completed and the risk that we may not realize the anticipated benefits of the acquisition once it is completed. We may fail to successfully identify the right opportunities and/or to successfully integrate the acquired businesses, operations, technologies, systems and/or personnel with those of DSG, which could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Common Stock Risks
Entities affiliated with LKCM and J. Bryan King beneficially own a significant majority of the outstanding DSG common stock and, therefore, have significant influence over our Company, which could delay or deter a change in control or other business combination or otherwise cause us to take actions with which you may disagree.
Based on a Schedule 13D filed with the SEC by LKCM and various other persons and entities (as amended through June 2, 2023), entities affiliated with LKCM beneficially owned in the aggregate approximately 18.2 million shares of DSG common stock as of June 1, 2023, representing approximately 77.9% of the outstanding shares of DSG common stock as of June 30, 2023. J. Bryan King, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer of the Company, is a Principal of LKCM. In addition, M. Bradley Wallace, who became a director of the Company upon his election at the Company’s 2023 annual stockholders meeting on May 19, 2023, is a Founding Partner of LKCM Headwater Investments, the private capital investment group of LKCM As a result, LKCM has significant influence over the outcome of matters requiring a stockholder vote, including the election of directors and the approval of other significant matters, and LKCM’s interests may not align with the interests of other stockholders. This concentration of ownership could also have the effect of delaying or preventing a change of control or other business combination that might be beneficial to our stockholders.
In addition, as a result of this concentrated ownership interest of DSG common stock, DSG believes that it qualifies as a “controlled company.” Under Nasdaq Listing Rules, a listed company of which more than 50% of the voting power is held by an individual, group or another company is a “controlled company” and, accordingly, DSG believes that, if it so desired, it would be generally exempt from the requirements of Rule 5605(b), (d) and (e) of the Nasdaq Listing Rules that among other things would otherwise require DSG to have:
•a majority of the DSG board of directors comprised of independent directors;
•a compensation committee comprised solely of independent directors; and
•director nominees be selected, or recommended to the DSG board of directors for selection, either by (1) DSG's independent directors constituting a majority of the DSG board of directors’ independent directors in a vote in which only independent directors participate or (2) a nominating committee comprised solely of independent directors.
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Entities affiliated with LKCM beneficially own a significant number of shares of DSG common stock, and any sales of any such shares or the possibility of any such sales could have a negative effect on the price of DSG common stock.
Entities affiliated with LKCM beneficially own a significant number of shares of DSG common stock. In accordance with the Merger Agreements, DSG granted to certain entities affiliated with LKCM certain registration rights with respect to the shares of DSG common stock that DSG issued to those entities in connection with the Mergers. Any sales of any of the shares of DSG common stock held by any entities affiliated with LKCM (whether those shares were acquired by those entities in connection with the Mergers or in other transactions), or the anticipation of the possibility of any such sales, could create downward pressure on the market price of DSG common stock.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS

Exhibit # | Description of Exhibit |
3.1 | Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company, as amended by the Certificate of Amendment to the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of the Company effective as of May 5, 2022, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.1 to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q (File No. 000-10546) for the quarter ended June 30, 2022. |
3.2 | Amended and Restated By-Laws of the Company effective as of May 5, 2022, incorporated by reference to Exhibit 3.2 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-10546) filed May 5, 2022. |
10.1 | Subscription Agen t A greement, dated as of May 8, 2023, by and among Distribution S olutions Group, Inc., Computershare Inc. and Computershare Trust Company, N.A., incorporated by reference to Exhibit 10.1 to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-10546) filed May 9, 2023. |
10.2† | Ame n ded and Restated Credit Agreement, dated as of June 8, 2023, by and among Distribution Solutions Group, Inc., the subsidiaries of Distribution Solutions Group, In c. party thereto, the Lenders party thereto and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A., as Administrative Agent, incorporated by reference to the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K (File No. 000-10546) filed June 9, 2023. |
31.1* | Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
31.2* | Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
32** | Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section 1350 as adopted pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 |
101 | The following financial statements from the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL: (i) Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets, (ii) Condensed Consolidated Statement of Operations and Comprehensive Income (Loss), (iii) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Stockholders’ Equity, (iv) Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows, and (v) Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements. |
101.INS | Inline XBRL Instance Document – the instance document does not appear in the Interactive Data File because its XBRL tags are embedded within the Inline XBRL document |
101.SCH* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document |
101.CAL* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document |
101.DEF* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document |
101.LAB* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document |
101.PRE* | Inline XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document |
104 | The cover page from the Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended June 30, 2023, formatted in Inline XBRL and contained in Exhibit 101 |

† Certain schedules and/or similar attachments omitted pursuant to Item 601(a)(5) of Regulation S-K promulgated by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. The Company agrees to furnish supplementally a copy of any omitted schedule or similar attachment to the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission upon request.
* Filed herewith.
** Furnished herewith.
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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.

|  |  | DISTRIBUTION SOLUTIONS GROUP, INC.
|  |  | (Registrant)
Dated: | August 3, 2023 |  | /s/ J. Bryan King
|  |  | J. Bryan King Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer (principal executive officer)
Dated: | August 3, 2023 |  | /s/ Ronald J. Knutson
|  |  | Ronald J. Knutson Executive Vice President, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer (principal financial officer)
Dated: | August 3, 2023 |  | /s/ David S. Lambert
|  |  | David S. Lambert Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer (principal accounting officer)

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