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Pay vs Performance Disclosure | 12 Months Ended
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Dec. 31, 2024 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2023 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2022 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2021 USD ($) | Dec. 31, 2020 USD ($)
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure, Table | Pay Versus Performance In accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K, we are providing the following information regarding the relationship between compensation of our CEO or Principal Executive Officer (PEO) and our other named executive officers (NEOs) and certain financial performance measures of the Company for the fiscal years ended on December 31 of 2024, 2023, 2022, 2021, and 2020. For further information on the Company’s pay-for-performance philosophy and how executive compensation aligns with our performance, refer to the Compensation Discussion and Analysis section of this proxy statement.
Pay Versus Performance Table
(a) |  | (b) |  | (c) |  | (d) |  | (e) |  | (f) |  | (g) |  | (h) |  | (i)
Year |  | Summary Compensation Table Total for PEO (1) |  | Compensation Actually Paid to PEO (2) |  | Average Summary Compensation Table Total for non-PEO NEOs (1) |  | Average Compensation Actually Paid to non-PEO NEOs (2) |  | Value of initial fixed $100 Investment based on: |  | Net Income ($ in millions) |  | Earnings Per Share (EPS) - Diluted, as adjusted
| TSR (3) |  | Peer Group TSR (3)(4)
2024 |  | $6,858,917 |  | $2,567,157 |  | $2,877,152 |  | $2,011,986 |  | $208.32 |  | $193.30 |  | $152.5 |  | $26.33
2023 |  | $6,616,500 |  | $8,956,197 |  | $2,492,750 |  | $2,376,310 |  | $220.47 |  | $143.59 |  | $141.5 |  | $21.93
2022 |  | $6,515,250 |  | ($4,240,418) |  | $2,835,458 |  | $1,094,131 |  | $168.48 |  | $118.80 |  | $106.6 |  | $25.74
2021 |  | $8,614,966 |  | $17,309,308 |  | $3,002,445 |  | $4,163,311 |  | $253.35 |  | $167.07 |  | $262.8 |  | $35.85
2020 |  | $8,005,917 |  | $22,858,118 |  | $2,600,151 |  | $5,277,068 |  | $182.40 |  | $121.30 |  | $120.0 |  | $16.21
(1) | NEOs included in these columns reflect the following:
Year |  | PEO |  | Non-PEO NEOs
2024 |  | Mr. Aylward |  | Mr. Angerthal, Mr. Mandinach, Ms. Purkalitis, and Mr. Smirl
2023 |  | Mr. Aylward |  | Mr. Angerthal, Mr. Mandinach, Mr. Smirl, and Mardelle Peña, Executive Vice President, and Chief Human Resources Officer (retired)
2022 |  | Mr. Aylward |  | Mr. Angerthal, Mr. Mandinach, Mr. Smirl, and Wendy J. Hills, Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and General Counsel (retired)
2021 |  | Mr. Aylward |  | Mr. Angerthal, Ms. Hills, Mr. Mandinach, and Mr. Smirl
2020 |  | Mr. Aylward |  | Mr. Angerthal, Ms. Hills, Mr. Mandinach, and Francis. G. Waltman, Executive Vice President, Product Management (retired)
(2) | In accordance with Item 402(v) requirements, the fair values of unvested and outstanding equity awards were remeasured as of the end of each fiscal year, and as of each vesting date, during the years displayed in the tables below. For PSUs with a relative TSR metric, the fair values as of each measurement date (prior to the end of the performance period) were determined using a Monte Carlo simulation pricing model, with assumptions and methodologies that are generally consistent with those used to estimate fair value at grant under U.S. GAAP. For PSUs with a non-TSR metric, fair values reflect the probable outcome of the performance vesting conditions as of each measurement date. For each fiscal year reflected, the “compensation actually paid” (“CAP”) to the PEO and the average CAP to the non-PEO NEOs reflect the following adjustments made to the total compensation amounts reported in the Summary Compensation Table for each applicable fiscal year, computed in accordance with Item 402(v) of Regulation S-K.
|  |  | 2024 |  |  |  |  |
Summary Compensation Table Total for PEO |  |  | $6,858,917 |  |  |  |  |
Less: Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Awards |  |  | ($3,200,000 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in the Applicable Fiscal Year that are Outstanding and Unvested |  |  | $2,067,703 |  |  |  |  |
Add: Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years that Vested in the Year |  |  | ($239,884 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Outstanding and Unvested Equity Awards |  |  | ($2,698,820 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Fair Value at Last Day of Prior Year of Equity Awards Forfeited During Year |  |  | ($369,571 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Value of Dividends on Stock Awards not Otherwise Reflected in Fair Value or Total Compensation |  |  | $148,813 |  |  |  |  |
Compensation Actually Paid to PEO |  |  | $2,567,157 |  |  |  |  |
|  |  | 2024 |  |  |  |  |
Average Summary Compensation Table Total for NEOs (other than PEO) |  |  | $2,877,152 |  |  |  |  |
Less: Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Awards |  |  | ($793,750 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in the Applicable Year that are Outstanding and Unvested |  |  | $525,374 |  |  |  |  |
Add: Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years that Vested in the Year |  |  | ($46,958 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Outstanding and Unvested Equity Awards |  |  | ($535,237 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Fair Value at Last Day of Prior Year of Equity Awards Forfeited During Year |  |  | ($42,328 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Value of Dividends on Stock Awards not Otherwise Reflected in Fair Value or Total Compensation |  |  | $27,733 |  |  |  |  |
Average Compensation Actually Paid to NEOs (other than PEO) |  |  | $2,011,986 |  |  |  |  |
(3) | TSR is calculated based on a fixed investment of $100 measured from the market close on December 31, 2019 (the last trading day of fiscal 2019) through and including the end of the year for each year reported in the table.
(4) | Peer companies utilized for comparative financial results, as referenced in our Compensation Discussion and Analysis and as shown in Appendix C, are: Acadian Asset Management Inc. (formerly BrightSphere Investment Group Inc.), Affiliated Managers Group, Inc., AllianceBernstein Holding L.P., Artisan Partners Asset Management Inc., Cohen & Steers, Inc., Federated Hermes, Inc., Franklin Resources, Inc., Invesco Ltd., Janus Henderson Group plc, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., and Victory Capital Management Inc.
Company Selected Measure Name | Earnings Per Share |  |  |  |
Named Executive Officers, Footnote |
Year |  | PEO |  | Non-PEO NEOs
2024 |  | Mr. Aylward |  | Mr. Angerthal, Mr. Mandinach, Ms. Purkalitis, and Mr. Smirl
2023 |  | Mr. Aylward |  | Mr. Angerthal, Mr. Mandinach, Mr. Smirl, and Mardelle Peña, Executive Vice President, and Chief Human Resources Officer (retired)
2022 |  | Mr. Aylward |  | Mr. Angerthal, Mr. Mandinach, Mr. Smirl, and Wendy J. Hills, Executive Vice President, Chief Legal Officer and General Counsel (retired)
2021 |  | Mr. Aylward |  | Mr. Angerthal, Ms. Hills, Mr. Mandinach, and Mr. Smirl
2020 |  | Mr. Aylward |  | Mr. Angerthal, Ms. Hills, Mr. Mandinach, and Francis. G. Waltman, Executive Vice President, Product Management (retired)
Peer Group Issuers, Footnote | Peer companies utilized for comparative financial results, as referenced in our Compensation Discussion and Analysis and as shown in Appendix C, are: Acadian Asset Management Inc. (formerly BrightSphere Investment Group Inc.), Affiliated Managers Group, Inc., AllianceBernstein Holding L.P., Artisan Partners Asset Management Inc., Cohen & Steers, Inc., Federated Hermes, Inc., Franklin Resources, Inc., Invesco Ltd., Janus Henderson Group plc, T. Rowe Price Group, Inc., and Victory Capital Management Inc |  |  |  |
PEO Total Compensation Amount | $ 6,858,917 | $ 6,616,500 | $ 6,515,250 | $ 8,614,966 | $ 8,005,917
PEO Actually Paid Compensation Amount | $ 2,567,157 | 8,956,197 | (4,240,418) | 17,309,308 | 22,858,118
Adjustment To PEO Compensation, Footnote |
|  |  | 2024 |  |  |  |  |
Summary Compensation Table Total for PEO |  |  | $6,858,917 |  |  |  |  |
Less: Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Awards |  |  | ($3,200,000 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in the Applicable Fiscal Year that are Outstanding and Unvested |  |  | $2,067,703 |  |  |  |  |
Add: Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years that Vested in the Year |  |  | ($239,884 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Outstanding and Unvested Equity Awards |  |  | ($2,698,820 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Fair Value at Last Day of Prior Year of Equity Awards Forfeited During Year |  |  | ($369,571 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Value of Dividends on Stock Awards not Otherwise Reflected in Fair Value or Total Compensation |  |  | $148,813 |  |  |  |  |
Compensation Actually Paid to PEO |  |  | $2,567,157 |  |  |  |  |
Non-PEO NEO Average Total Compensation Amount | $ 2,877,152 | 2,492,750 | 2,835,458 | 3,002,445 | 2,600,151
Non-PEO NEO Average Compensation Actually Paid Amount | $ 2,011,986 | 2,376,310 | 1,094,131 | 4,163,311 | 5,277,068
Adjustment to Non-PEO NEO Compensation Footnote |
|  |  | 2024 |  |  |  |  |
Average Summary Compensation Table Total for NEOs (other than PEO) |  |  | $2,877,152 |  |  |  |  |
Less: Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Awards |  |  | ($793,750 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in the Applicable Year that are Outstanding and Unvested |  |  | $525,374 |  |  |  |  |
Add: Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Prior Fiscal Years that Vested in the Year |  |  | ($46,958 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Outstanding and Unvested Equity Awards |  |  | ($535,237 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Fair Value at Last Day of Prior Year of Equity Awards Forfeited During Year |  |  | ($42,328 | ) |  |  |  |
Add: Value of Dividends on Stock Awards not Otherwise Reflected in Fair Value or Total Compensation |  |  | $27,733 |  |  |  |  |
Average Compensation Actually Paid to NEOs (other than PEO) |  |  | $2,011,986 |  |  |  |  |
Tabular List, Table | Most Important Measures in Determining Pay of the Company’s NEOs The following unranked measures are the most important financial performance measures, as determined by the Company, that link compensation actually paid to our PEO and other NEOs to the Company’s performance.
Measures
Operating margin, as adjusted (1)
Growth in operating income, as adjusted, versus Financial Peers (2)
Diluted EPS, as adjusted (1)
Gross sales rate (3)
Relative investment performance (4)
Total net flow rate, versus Financial Peers (5)
Shareholder return, versus Financial Peers (6)
(1) | The referenced non-GAAP measures are described and reconciled to GAAP reported amounts in Appendix A to this Proxy Statement.
(2) | Annual growth in operating income, as adjusted.
(3) | Annual gross sales divided by beginning of year AUM.
(4) | As measured by percent of long-term AUM outperforming industry peers on a three-year basis.
(5) | Annualized net flows divided by beginning-of-period long-term AUM. One- and three-year periods relative to Financial Peers.
(6) | Three-year total shareholder returns relative to Financial Peers.
Total Shareholder Return Amount | $ 208.32 | 220.47 | 168.48 | 253.35 | 182.4
Peer Group Total Shareholder Return Amount | 193.3 | 143.59 | 118.8 | 167.07 | 121.3
Net Income (Loss) | $ 152,500,000 | $ 141,500,000 | $ 106,600,000 | $ 262,800,000 | $ 120,000,000
Company Selected Measure Amount | 26.33 | 21.93 | 25.74 | 35.85 | 16.21
PEO Name | Mr. Aylward |  |  |  |
Measure:: 1 |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Name | Operating margin, as adjusted |  |  |  |
Measure:: 2 |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Name | Growth in operating income, as adjusted, versus Financial Peers |  |  |  |
Measure:: 3 |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Name | Diluted EPS, as adjusted |  |  |  |
Measure:: 4 |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Name | Gross sales rate |  |  |  |
Measure:: 5 |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Name | Relative investment performance |  |  |  |
Measure:: 6 |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Name | Total net flow rate, versus Financial Peers |  |  |  |
Measure:: 7 |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Name | Shareholder return, versus Financial Peers |  |  |  |
PEO | Aggregate Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Award Amounts Reported in Summary Compensation Table |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | $ (3,200,000) |  |  |  |
PEO | Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Covered Year that are Outstanding and Unvested |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | 2,067,703 |  |  |  |
PEO | Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Prior Years That are Outstanding and Unvested |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | (2,698,820) |  |  |  |
PEO | Vesting Date Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted and Vested in Covered Year |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | (239,884) |  |  |  |
PEO | Prior Year End Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Any Prior Year that Fail to Meet Applicable Vesting Conditions During Covered Year |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | (369,571) |  |  |  |
PEO | Dividends or Other Earnings Paid on Equity Awards not Otherwise Reflected in Total Compensation for Covered Year |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | 148,813 |  |  |  |
Non-PEO NEO | Aggregate Grant Date Fair Value of Equity Award Amounts Reported in Summary Compensation Table |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | (793,750) |  |  |  |
Non-PEO NEO | Year-end Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Covered Year that are Outstanding and Unvested |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | 525,374 |  |  |  |
Non-PEO NEO | Year-over-Year Change in Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Prior Years That are Outstanding and Unvested |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | (535,237) |  |  |  |
Non-PEO NEO | Vesting Date Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted and Vested in Covered Year |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | (46,958) |  |  |  |
Non-PEO NEO | Prior Year End Fair Value of Equity Awards Granted in Any Prior Year that Fail to Meet Applicable Vesting Conditions During Covered Year |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | (42,328) |  |  |  |
Non-PEO NEO | Dividends or Other Earnings Paid on Equity Awards not Otherwise Reflected in Total Compensation for Covered Year |  |  |  |  |
Pay vs Performance Disclosure |  |  |  |  |
Adjustment to Compensation, Amount | $ 27,733 |  |  |  |

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