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Income Tax (Tables)
12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2022
Income Tax Disclosure [Abstract]  
Summary of Loss Before Income Taxes
The Group’s loss before income taxes consisted of:
 
    
For the year ended December 31,
 
    
2020
    
2021
    
2022
 
    
RMB
    
RMB
    
RMB
   
US$
 
PRC
     (30,412      (185,000      (192,495     (27,909
Non-PRC
     (61,423      (128,762      (136,757     (19,828
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
    
 
(91,835
  
 
(313,762
  
 
(329,252
 
 
(47,737
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
 
 
Income tax expense (benefit) comprises of:
 
    
For the year ended December 31,
 
    
2020
    
2021
    
2022
 
    
RMB
    
RMB
    
RMB
    
US$
 
Income tax expenses (benefits) applicable to PRC operations
                                   
Current income tax expenses
     22        113        62        9  
Deferred income tax (benefits) expenses
     184        —          —          —    
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Subtotal income tax expenses applicable to PRC operations
     206        113        62        9  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Income tax expenses applicable to
Non-PRC
operations
                                   
Current income tax expenses
     —          21        17        2  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Subtotal income tax expenses applicable to
Non-PRC
operations
     —          21        17        2  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Total income tax expenses
  
 
206
 
  
 
134
 
  
 
79
 
  
 
11
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Summary of Reconciliations of Income Tax Expenses
The reconciliations of the income tax expenses for the years ended December 31, 2020, 2021 and 2022 were as follows:
 
    
For the year ended December 31,
 
    
2020
   
2021
   
2022
 
    
RMB
   
RMB
   
RMB
   
US$
 
Loss before income tax expense
     (91,835     (313,762     (329,252     (47,737
PRC statutory tax rate
     25     25     25     25
Income tax benefits at PRC statutory tax rate of 25%
     (22,959     (78,440     (82,313     (11,934
Effect of different tax rates in different jurisdictions
     14,347       31,370       32,886       4,768  
Non-deductible
expenses
     1,195       5,455       6,758       980  
Additional deduction for qualified R&D expenses
     (13,646     (24,197     (20,731     (3,006
Effect on adoption of preferential tax rate
     (12     22       3       —    
Changes in tax rate in measurement of deferred tax
     3,345       —         —         —    
Statutory expense
     (1,855     2,636       2,151       312  
Others
     133       134       79       11  
Change in valuation allowance
     19,658       63,154       61,246       8,880  
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Income tax expenses
  
 
206
 
 
 
134
 
 
 
79
 
 
 
11
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Effect of preferential tax rate inside the PRC on basic and dilutive loss per share
  
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
 
 
—  
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
   
 
 
 
Summary of Significant Components of Deferred Tax Assets (Labilities)
The significant components of the Group’s deferred tax assets (liabilities) were as follows:
 
 
  
As of December 31,
 
 
  
2020
 
  
2021
 
  
2022
 
 
  
RMB
 
  
RMB
 
  
RMB
 
  
US$
 
Non-current
deferred tax assets
  
  
  
  
Tax losses
     103,721        151,160        203,259        29,470  
Allowance for doubtful accounts
     3,047        17,376        29,288        4,246  
Lease liabilities
     —          —          18,858        2,734  
Welfare payables
     4,308        5,807        7,362        1,067  
Inventory provision
     7,360        7,172        2,472        359  
Accrued expenses and other liabilities
     1,354        1,329        1,573        228  
Intangible assets
     —          43        23        3  
Unrealized loss on long-term investment
     —          69        20        3  
Unrealized profit arising from elimination of inter-company transactions
     466        474        206        30  
Deferred government subsidies
     35        15        —          —    
Total deferred tax assets
     120,291        183,445        263,061        38,140  
Less: valuation allowance
     (120,291      (183,445      (244,691      (35,477 )
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Deferred tax assets, net of valuation allowance
  
 
—  
 
  
 
—  
 
  
 
18,370
 
  
 
2,663

    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Non-current
deferred tax liabilities
                                   
Right-of-use assets
     —          —          (18,370 )      (2,663 )
Unrealized gain on long-term investment
     (292 )      (292 )      (292 )      (42 )
Total deferred tax liabilities
     (292 )      (292 )      (18,662      (2,705
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Deferred tax assets (liabilities), net of valuation allowance
  
 
(292
)
  
 
(292
)
  
 
(292
)
  
 
(42
)
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Summary of Valuation Allowance
    
As of December 31,
 
    
2020
    
2021
    
2022
 
    
RMB
    
RMB
    
RMB
    
US$
 
Valuation allowance
                                   
Balance at beginning of the year
     100,633        120,291        183,445        26,597  
Additions
     19,658        63,154        61,246        8,880  
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Balance at end of the year
  
 
120,291
 
  
 
183,445
 
  
 
244,691
 
  
 
35,477
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
 
Summary of Reconciliation of Unrecognized Tax Benefit
A reconciliation of the beginning and ending amount of unrecognized tax benefit was as follows:
 
    
For the year ended December 31,
 
    
2020
    
2021
    
2022
 
    
RMB
    
RMB
    
RMB
   
US$
 
Balance at the beginning of the year
     (5,494      (12,987      (5,480     (795
Additions based on tax positions related to the current year
     (7,673      —          —         —    
Reductions for tax positions of prior years
     180        7,507        —         —    
    
 
 
    
 
 
    
 
 
   
 
 
 
Balance at the end of the year
  
 
(12,987
  
 
(5,480
  
 
(5,480
 
 
(795