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Investments in Affiliates
 12 Months Ended
Dec. 31, 2020
Equity Method Investments and Joint Ventures [Abstract]  
Investments in Affiliates Investments in Affiliates
The Company's investments in affiliates consist principally of equity investments in limited liability companies in which the Company has the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of these investments. Accordingly, the Company accounts for its investments using the equity method of accounting. Operating results presented in the Company's consolidated statements of operations include the Company's proportionate share of net income (loss) from its equity method investments.
The Company’s carrying value of investments in affiliates totaled $169.6 million and $167.6 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The amounts of the Company’s investment as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 that represent undistributed earnings of investments in affiliates were approximately $10.6 million and $9.2 million, respectively. Dividends and distributions from unconsolidated affiliates totaled $6.1 million in 2020, $12.4 million in 2019 and $51.1 million in 2018.
A summary of combined assets and liabilities reported by such entities accounted for by the equity method as of December 31, 2020 and 2019 were as follows (in millions):
20202019
Current assets$73.0 $79.3 
Non-current assets688.0 697.9 
Total assets$761.0 $777.2 
Current liabilities$33.5 $27.1 
Non-current liabilities96.7 109.0 
Total liabilities$130.2 $136.1 
A summary of combined operating results reported by such entities accounted for by the equity method for each of the years ended December 31, 2020, 2019 and 2018 were as follows (in millions):
202020192018
Revenues$174.2 $191.9 $243.6 
Operating costs and expenses147.1 173.0 209.7 
Gross profit (loss)$27.1 $18.9 $33.9 
Income (loss) from Continuing Operations*$12.1 $6.6 $17.4 
Net Income (loss)*
$11.6 $6.6 $16.5 
* Includes earnings from equity method investments held by the investee.
The carrying value of the Company's investment in Kukui‘ula, which includes capital contributed by the Company to the joint venture and the value of land initially contributed, net of joint venture earnings and losses and impairments, was $118.7 million and $116.2 million as of December 31, 2020 and 2019, respectively. The total capital contributed to the joint venture by the Company as a percent of total committed was approximately 62% as of December 31, 2020. The Company does not have a controlling financial interest in the joint venture, but exercises significant influence over the operating and financial policies of the venture and, therefore, accounts for its investment using the equity method. Due to the complex nature of cash distributions to the members, net income of the joint venture is allocated to the members, including the Company, using the Hypothetical Liquidation at Book Value (“HLBV”) method. Under the HLBV method, joint venture income or loss is allocated to the members based on the period change in each member’s claim on the book value of net assets of the venture, excluding capital contributions and distributions made during the period.
The Company also has investments in various other joint ventures that operate or develop real estate and joint ventures that engage in materials and construction-related activities and renewable energy. The Company does not have a controlling financial interest, but has the ability to exercise significant influence over the operating and financial policies of these joint ventures and, accordingly, accounts for its investments in these ventures using the equity method of accounting.
Impairment of Investments in Affiliates: When there is evidence that the fair value of the Company's investments in affiliates that are accounted for under the equity method may be below the carrying value, the Company must determine if such decline in value is other-than-temporary. In evaluating the fair value of an investment and whether any identified impairment is other-than-temporary, significant estimates and considerable judgments are involved. These estimates and judgments are based, in part, on the Company’s current and future evaluation of economic conditions in general, as well as a joint venture’s current and future plans. Additionally, these impairment calculations are highly subjective because they require management to make assumptions and apply judgments to estimates regarding the timing and amount of future cash flows that may consider various factors, including sales prices, development costs, market conditions and absorption rates, probabilities related to various cash flow scenarios, and appropriate discount rates based on the perceived risks, among others. In evaluating whether an impairment is other-than-temporary, the Company considers all available information, including the length of time and extent of the impairment, the financial condition and near-term prospects of the affiliate, the Company’s ability and intent to hold the investment for a period of time sufficient to allow for any anticipated recovery in market value, and projected industry and economic trends, among others. Changes in these and other assumptions could affect the projected operational results and fair value of the unconsolidated affiliates, and accordingly, may require valuation adjustments to the Company’s investments that may materially impact the Company’s financial condition or its future operating results.
Weakness in particular real estate markets, difficulty in obtaining or renewing project-level financing or development approvals, and changes in the Company’s development strategy, among other factors, may affect the value or feasibility of certain development projects owned by the Company or by its joint ventures and could lead to additional impairment charges in the future. In the year ended December 31, 2020, the Company did not recognize any impairments of investments in affiliates.
During the fourth quarter of 2018, the Company recorded impairments of investments in affiliates of $188.6 million. This amount was primarily driven by an impairment in its investment in Kukui‘ula. In 2018, the Company determined that its investment in Kukui‘ula was other-than-temporarily impaired as a result of changing its strategy and no longer intending to hold its investment through the duration of the project. As a result, the Company estimated the fair value of its investment in Kukui‘ula (using a discounted cash flow model) to be below its carrying value and recorded the non-cash, other-than-temporary impairment. The Company classified the fair value measurement as Level 3. The weighted average discount rate used in the valuation was 18.0%.