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FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS | 6 Months Ended
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Jun. 30, 2025
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS |
FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS | 10. FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS Fair value is the exchange price that would be received for an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in the principal or most advantageous market for the asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. There are three levels of inputs that may be used to measure fair values: Level 1 Inputs – Quoted prices (unadjusted) for identical assets or liabilities in active markets that the reporting entity has the ability to access at the measurement date. Level 2 Inputs – Significant other observable inputs such as any of the following: (1) quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets, (2) quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active, (3) inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability (e.g., interest rates and yield curves observable at commonly quoted intervals, volatilities, prepayment speeds, loss severities, credit risks, and default rates), or (4) inputs that are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data by correlation or other means (market-corroborated inputs). Level 3 Inputs – Significant unobservable inputs for the asset or liability. Significant unobservable inputs reflect the reporting entity’s own assumptions about the assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability (including assumptions about risk). Significant unobservable inputs shall be used to measure fair value to the extent that observable inputs are not available, thereby allowing for situations in which there is little, if any, market activity for the asset or liability at the measurement date. Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Recurring Basis Securities The Company’s available-for-sale securities are reported at fair value, which were determined utilizing prices obtained from independent parties. The valuations obtained are based upon market data, and often utilize evaluated pricing models that vary by asset and incorporate available trade, bid and other market information. For securities that do not trade on a daily basis, pricing applications apply available information such as benchmarking and matrix pricing. The market inputs normally sought in the evaluation of securities include benchmark yields, reported trades, broker/dealer quotes (obtained only from market makers or broker/dealers recognized as market participants), issuer spreads, two-sided markets, benchmark securities, bids, offers and reference data. For certain securities, additional inputs may be used or some market inputs may not be applicable. Prioritization of inputs may vary on any given day based on market conditions. All MBS, CMOs, treasury securities, and agency notes are guaranteed either implicitly or explicitly by GSEs as of June 30, 2025 and December 31, 2024, respectively. In accordance with the Company’s investment policy, corporate securities are rated “investment grade” at the time of purchase and the financials of the issuers are reviewed quarterly. Derivatives Derivatives represent interest rate swaps and estimated fair values are based on valuation models using observable market data as of the measurement date. The following tables present financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of the dates indicated, segmented by level within the fair value hierarchy. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Fair Value Measurements
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | at June 30, 2025 Using
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Level 1 | ​ | Level 2 | ​ | Level 3
(In thousands) |  | Total |  | Inputs |  | Inputs |  | Inputs
Financial Assets: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Securities available-for-sale: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Agency notes | ​ | $ | 9,764 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 9,764 | ​ | $ | —
Corporate securities | ​ |  | 171,092 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 171,092 | ​ |  | —
Pass-through MBS issued by GSEs | ​ |  | 287,665 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 287,665 | ​ |  | —
Agency CMOs | ​ |  | 212,666 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 212,666 | ​ |  | —
State and municipal obligations | ​ | ​ | 22,274 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 22,274 | ​ | ​ | —
Derivative – cash flow hedges | ​ |  | 5,277 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 5,277 | ​ |  | —
Derivative – freestanding derivatives, net | ​ |  | 85,689 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 85,689 | ​ |  | —
Financial Liabilities: | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Derivative – fair value hedges | ​ | ​ | 151 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 151 | ​ | ​ | —
Derivative – cash flow hedges | ​ | ​ | 255 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 255 | ​ | ​ | —
Derivative – freestanding derivatives, net | ​ | ​ | 85,689 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 85,689 | ​ | ​ | —
Derivative – risk participations | ​ |  | 15 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 15 | ​ |  | —
​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Fair Value Measurements
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | at December 31, 2024 Using
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Level 1 | ​ | Level 2 | ​ | Level 3
(In thousands) |  | Total |  | Inputs |  | Inputs |  | Inputs
Financial Assets: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Securities available-for-sale: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Agency Notes | ​ | $ | 9,607 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 9,607 | ​ | $ | —
Corporate securities | ​ | ​ | 163,949 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 163,949 | ​ | ​ | —
Pass-through MBS issued by GSEs | ​ |  | 300,221 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 300,221 | ​ |  | —
Agency CMOs | ​ |  | 191,888 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 191,888 | ​ |  | —
State and municipal obligations | ​ |  | 25,028 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 25,028 | ​ |  | —
Derivative – cash flow hedges | ​ |  | 8,318 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 8,318 | ​ |  | —
Derivative – freestanding derivatives, net | ​ |  | 108,178 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 108,178 | ​ |  | —
Financial Liabilities: | ​ |  | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
Derivative – cash flow hedges | ​ | ​ | 159 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 159 | ​ | ​ | —
Derivative – freestanding derivatives, net | ​ |  | 108,178 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 108,178 | ​ |  | —
Derivative – risk participations | ​ | ​ | 10 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 10 | ​ | ​ | —
​ Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Non-recurring Basis Certain financial assets and financial liabilities are measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis. That is, they are subject to fair value adjustments in certain circumstances. Financial assets measured at fair value on a non-recurring basis include certain individually evaluated loans reported at the fair value of the underlying collateral if repayment is expected solely from the collateral. ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | June 30, 2025
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Fair Value Measurements Using:
​ | ​ |  | ​ | Quoted Prices | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | In Active | ​ | Significant | ​ |
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Markets for | ​ | Other | ​ | Significant
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Identical | ​ | Observable | ​ | Unobservable
​ | ​ | Carrying | ​ | Assets | ​ | Inputs | ​ | Inputs
(In thousands) |  | Value |  | (Level 1) |  | (Level 2) |  | (Level 3)
Individually evaluated loans | ​ | $ | 2,330 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — |  | $ | 2,330
​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | December 31, 2024
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Fair Value Measurements Using:
​ | ​ |  | ​ | Quoted Prices | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ |
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | In Active | ​ | Significant | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Markets for | ​ | Other | ​ | Significant
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Identical | ​ | Observable | ​ | Unobservable
​ | ​ | Carrying | ​ | Assets | ​ | Inputs | ​ | Inputs
(In thousands) |  | Value |  | (Level 1) |  | (Level 2) |  | (Level 3)
Individually evaluated loans | ​ | $ | 7,584 |  | $ | — | ​ | $ | — |  | $ | 7,584
​ Individually evaluated loans with an allowance for credit losses at June 30, 2025 had a carrying amount of $2.3 million, which is made up of the outstanding balance of $4.0 million, net of a valuation allowance of $1.6 million. There was a credit loss recovery of $568 thousand on collateral dependent individually evaluated loans during the six months ended June 30, 2025, which is included in the amounts reported in the Consolidated Statements of Operations. Individually evaluated loans with an allowance for credit losses at December 31, 2024 had a carrying amount of $7.6 million, which is made up of the outstanding balance of $9.7 million, net of a valuation allowance of $2.1 million. Financial Instruments Not Measured at Fair Value The following tables present the carrying amounts and estimated fair values of financial instruments other than those measured at fair value on either a recurring or non-recurring basis for the dates indicated, segmented by level within the fair value hierarchy. Financial assets and liabilities are classified in their entirety based on the lowest level of input that is significant to the fair value measurement. ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Fair Value Measurements
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | at June 30, 2025 Using
​ | ​ | Carrying | ​ | Level 1 | ​ | Level 2 | ​ | Level 3 | ​ | ​ | ​
(In thousands) |  | Amount |  | Inputs |  | Inputs |  | Inputs |  | Total
Financial Assets: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Cash and due from banks | ​ | $ | 1,156,754 | ​ | $ | 1,156,754 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 1,156,754
Securities held-to-maturity | ​ | ​ | 625,188 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 556,507 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 556,507
Loans held for sale | ​ | ​ | 13,617 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 13,617 | ​ | ​ | 13,617
Loans held for investment, net | ​ |  | 10,775,353 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 10,481,731 | ​ |  | 10,481,731
Accrued interest receivable | ​ |  | 55,418 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 6,803 | ​ |  | 48,615 | ​ |  | 55,418
Financial Liabilities: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Savings, money market and checking accounts (1) | ​ |  | 10,660,002 | ​ |  | 10,660,002 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 10,660,002
Certificates of deposit ("CDs") | ​ |  | 1,080,093 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,076,490 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,076,490
FHLBNY advances | ​ |  | 508,000 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 510,864 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 510,864
Subordinated debt, net | ​ |  | 272,414 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 253,563 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 253,563
Accrued interest payable | ​ |  | 7,876 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 7,876 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 7,876
(1) Includes mortgage escrow deposits. ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | Fair Value Measurements
​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | ​ | at December 31, 2024 Using
​ | ​ | Carrying | ​ | Level 1 | ​ | Level 2 | ​ | Level 3 | ​ | ​ | ​
(In thousands) |  | Amount |  | Inputs |  | Inputs |  | Inputs |  | Total
Financial Assets: |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |
Cash and due from banks | ​ | $ | 1,283,571 | ​ | $ | 1,283,571 | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | — | ​ | $ | 1,283,571
Securities held-to-maturity | ​ | ​ | 637,339 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 552,277 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 552,277
Loans held for sale | ​ | ​ | 22,625 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 22,625 | ​ | ​ | 22,625
Loans held for investment, net | ​ |  | 10,775,608 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 10,354,366 | ​ |  | 10,354,366
Accrued interest receivable | ​ |  | 55,970 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 6,676 | ​ |  | 49,294 | ​ |  | 55,970
Financial Liabilities: | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |  | ​ |  |
Savings, money market and checking accounts (1) | ​ |  | 10,617,060 | ​ |  | 10,617,060 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 10,617,060
CDs | ​ |  | 1,069,081 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,066,630 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 1,066,630
FHLBNY advances | ​ |  | 608,000 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 608,908 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 608,908
Subordinated debt, net | ​ |  | 272,325 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 257,464 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 257,464
Other short-term borrowings | ​ | ​ | 50,000 | ​ | ​ | 50,000 | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | — | ​ | ​ | 50,000
Accrued interest payable | ​ |  | 8,586 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 8,586 | ​ |  | — | ​ |  | 8,586
(1) Includes mortgage escrow deposits.

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- Definition The entire disclosure for the fair value of financial instruments (as defined), including financial assets and financial liabilities (collectively, as defined), and the measurements of those instruments as well as disclosures related to the fair value of non-financial assets and liabilities. Such disclosures about the financial instruments, assets, and liabilities would include: (1) the fair value of the required items together with their carrying amounts (as appropriate); (2) for items for which it is not practicable to estimate fair value, disclosure would include: (a) information pertinent to estimating fair value (including, carrying amount, effective interest rate, and maturity, and (b) the reasons why it is not practicable to estimate fair value; (3) significant concentrations of credit risk including: (a) information about the activity, region, or economic characteristics identifying a concentration, (b) the maximum amount of loss the entity is exposed to based on the gross fair value of the related item, (c) policy for requiring collateral or other security and information as to accessing such collateral or security, and (d) the nature and brief description of such collateral or security; (4) quantitative information about market risks and how such risks are managed; (5) for items measured on both a recurring and nonrecurring basis information regarding the inputs used to develop the fair value measurement; and (6) for items presented in the financial statement for which fair value measurement is elected: (a) information necessary to understand the reasons for the election, (b) discussion of the effect of fair value changes on earnings, (c) a description of [similar groups] items for which the election is made and the relation thereof to the balance sheet, the aggregate carrying value of items included in the balance sheet that are not eligible for the election; (7) all other required (as defined) and desired information. + References Reference 1: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (bbb)(1) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 2: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 107 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-107 Reference 3: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/exampleRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 55 -Paragraph 100 -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482078/820-10-55-100 Reference 4: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (c)(3) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 5: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 6: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2E -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2E Reference 7: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 8: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (f) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 9: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (e) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 10: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 6A -Subparagraph (d) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-6A Reference 11: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (h) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 12: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 820 -SubTopic 10 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 2 -Subparagraph (g) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147482106/820-10-50-2 Reference 13: http://www.xbrl.org/2003/role/disclosureRef -Topic 940 -SubTopic 820 -Name Accounting Standards Codification -Section 50 -Paragraph 1 -Subparagraph (a) -Publisher FASB -URI https://asc.fasb.org/1943274/2147478119/940-820-50-1 + Details
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