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Segment Reporting
6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2016
Segment Reporting [Abstract]  
Segment Reporting
11. Segment Reporting

FFELP Loans Segment

In the FFELP Loans segment, we acquire and finance FFELP Loans. Even though FFELP Loans are no longer originated due to changes in federal law that took effect in 2010, we continue to pursue acquisitions of FFELP Loan portfolios that leverage our servicing scale and generate incremental earnings and cash flow. In this segment, we primarily earn net interest income on the FFELP Loan portfolio (after provision for loan losses). This segment is expected to generate significant amounts of earnings and cash flow as the portfolio amortizes.

 

The following table includes GAAP basis asset information for our FFELP Loans segment.

 

(Dollars in millions)

   June 30,
2016
     December 31,
2015
 

FFELP Loans, net

   $ 92,618       $ 96,498   

Cash and investments(1)

     3,263         3,572   

Other

     1,983         2,015   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 97,864       $ 102,085   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  (1) 

Includes restricted cash and investments.

Private Education Loans Segment

In this segment, we acquire, finance and service Private Education Loans. Even though we no longer originate Private Education Loans, we continue to pursue acquisitions of Private Education Loan portfolios that leverage our servicing scale and generate incremental earnings and cash flow. In this segment, we primarily earn net interest income on the Private Education Loan portfolio (after provision for loan losses). This segment is expected to generate significant amounts of earnings and cash flow as the portfolio amortizes.

The following table includes GAAP basis asset information for our Private Education Loans segment.

 

(Dollars in millions)

   June 30,
2016
     December 31,
2015
 

Private Education Loans, net

   $ 24,741       $ 26,394   

Cash and investments(1)

     787         596   

Other

     2,140         1,988   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

Total assets

   $ 27,668       $ 28,978   
  

 

 

    

 

 

 

 

  (1) 

Includes restricted cash and investments.

Business Services Segment

Our Business Services segment generates revenue from servicing, asset recovery and business processing activities. Within this segment, we primarily generate revenue from servicing our FFELP Loan portfolio as well as servicing education loans for Guarantors of FFELP Loans and other institutions, including ED. We provide asset recovery services for loans and receivables on behalf of Guarantors of FFELP Loans, higher education institutions and federal, state, court and municipal clients. In addition, we provide business processing services on behalf of municipalities, public authorities and hospitals.

At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Business Services segment had total assets of $640 million and $657 million, respectively, on a GAAP basis.

 

Other Segment

Our Other segment primarily consists of activities of our holding company, including the repurchase of debt, our corporate liquidity portfolio, unallocated overhead and regulatory-related costs. We also include results from certain smaller wind-down operations within this segment. Overhead expenses include costs related to executive management, the board of directors, accounting, finance, legal, human resources, stock-based compensation expense and certain information technology costs related to infrastructure and operations. Regulatory-related costs include actual settlement amounts as well as third-party professional fees we incur in connection with regulatory matters.

At June 30, 2016 and December 31, 2015, the Other segment had total assets of $2.2 billion and $2.4 billion, respectively, on a GAAP basis.

Measure of Profitability

We prepare financial statements in accordance with GAAP. However, we also evaluate our business segments on a basis that differs from GAAP. We refer to this different basis of presentation as “Core Earnings.” We provide this “Core Earnings” basis of presentation on a consolidated basis for each business segment because this is what we review internally when making management decisions regarding our performance and how we allocate resources. We also refer to this information in our presentations with credit rating agencies, lenders and investors. Because our “Core Earnings” basis of presentation corresponds to our segment financial presentations, we are required by GAAP to provide “Core Earnings” disclosure in the notes to our consolidated financial statements for our business segments.

“Core Earnings” are not a substitute for reported results under GAAP. We use “Core Earnings” to manage each business segment because “Core Earnings” reflect adjustments to GAAP financial results for three items, discussed below, that are either related to the Spin-Off or create significant volatility mostly due to timing factors generally beyond the control of management. Accordingly, we believe that “Core Earnings” provide management with a useful basis from which to better evaluate results from ongoing operations against the business plan or against results from prior periods. Consequently, we disclose this information because we believe it provides investors with additional information regarding the operational and performance indicators that are most closely assessed by management. When compared to GAAP results, the three items we remove to result in our “Core Earnings” presentations are:

 

  1. The financial results attributable to the operations of SLM BankCo prior to the Spin-Off and related restructuring and other reorganization expense incurred in connection with the Spin-Off, including the restructuring expenses related to the restructuring initiative launched in second-quarter 2015 to simplify and streamline the Company’s management structure post-Spin-Off. For GAAP purposes, Navient reflected the deemed distribution of SLM BankCo on April 30, 2014. For “Core Earnings,” we exclude the consumer banking business as if it had never been a part of Navient’s historical results prior to the deemed distribution of SLM BankCo on April 30, 2014;

 

  2. Unrealized mark-to-market gains/losses resulting from our use of derivative instruments to hedge our economic risks that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment or do qualify for hedge accounting treatment but result in ineffectiveness; and

 

  3. The accounting for goodwill and acquired intangible assets.

 

While GAAP provides a uniform, comprehensive basis of accounting, for the reasons described above, our “Core Earnings” basis of presentation does not. “Core Earnings” are subject to certain general and specific limitations that investors should carefully consider. For example, there is no comprehensive, authoritative guidance for management reporting. Our “Core Earnings” are not defined terms within GAAP and may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Accordingly, our “Core Earnings” presentation does not represent a comprehensive basis of accounting. Investors, therefore, may not be able to compare our performance with that of other financial services companies based upon “Core Earnings.” “Core Earnings” results are only meant to supplement GAAP results by providing additional information regarding the operational and performance indicators that are most closely used by management, our board of directors, credit rating agencies, lenders and investors to assess performance.

 

Segment Results and Reconciliations to GAAP

 

    Three Months Ended June 30, 2016  

(Dollars in millions)

  FFELP
Loans
    Private
Education
Loans
    Business
Services
    Other     Elimina-
tions(1)
    Total
“Core
Earnings”
    Adjustments     Total
GAAP
 
              Reclassi-
fications
    Additions/
(Subtractions)
    Total
Adjustments(2)
   

Interest income:

                   

Education loans

  $ 588      $ 402      $      $      $      $ 990      $ 56      $ (26   $ 30      $ 1,020   

Other loans

                         2               2                             2   

Cash and investments

    5                      1               6                             6   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total interest income

    593        402               3               998        56        (26     30        1,028   

Total interest expense

    388        173               29               590        9               9        599   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest income (loss)

    205        229               (26            408        47        (26     21        429   

Less: provisions for loan losses

    10        100                             110                             110   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses

    195        129               (26            298        47        (26     21        319   

Other income (loss):

                   

Servicing revenue

    14        3        153               (99     71                             71   

Asset recovery and business processing revenue

                  101                      101                             101   

Other income (loss)

                         4               4        (47     (6     (53     (49

Gains on sales of loans and investments

                                                                     

Gains on debt repurchases

                                                                     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other income (loss)

    14        3        254        4        (99     176        (47     (6     (53     123   

Expenses:

                   

Direct operating expenses

    101        41        125        7        (99     175                             175   

Overhead expenses

                         55               55                             55   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating expenses

    101        41        125        62        (99     230                             230   

Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization

                                                     6        6        6   

Restructuring and other reorganization expenses

                                                                     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total expenses

    101        41        125        62        (99     230               6        6        236   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income tax expense (benefit)

    108        91        129        (84            244               (38     (38     206   

Income tax expense (benefit)(3)

    40        34        48        (32            90               (9     (9     81   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

    68        57        81        (52            154               (29     (29     125   

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax expense (benefit)

                                                                     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

  $ 68      $ 57      $ 81      $ (52   $      $ 154      $      $ (29   $ (29   $ 125   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) 

The eliminations in servicing revenue and direct operating expense represent the elimination of intercompany servicing revenue where the Business Services segment performs the loan servicing function for the FFELP Loans segment.

(2) 

“Core Earnings” adjustments to GAAP:

 

    Three Months Ended June 30, 2016  

(Dollars in millions)

  Net Impact from
Spin-Off of
SLM BankCo
    Net Impact of
Derivative
Accounting
    Net Impact of
Acquired
Intangibles
    Total  

Net interest income after provisions for loan losses

  $      $ 21      $      $ 21   

Total other income (loss)

           (53            (53

Operating expenses

                           

Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization

                  6        6   

Restructuring and other reorganization expenses

                           
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total “Core Earnings” adjustments to GAAP

  $      $ (32   $ (6     (38
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

Income tax expense (benefit)

          (9
       

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

        $ (29
       

 

 

 
(3) 

Income taxes are based on a percentage of net income before tax for the individual reportable segment.

 

    Three Months Ended June 30, 2015  

(Dollars in millions)

  FFELP
Loans
    Private
Education
Loans
    Business
Services
    Other     Elimina-
tions(1)
    Total
“Core
Earnings”
    Adjustments     Total
GAAP
 
              Reclassi-
fications
    Additions/
(Subtractions)
    Total
Adjustments(2)
   

Interest income:

                   

Education loans

  $ 522      $ 434      $      $      $      $ 956      $ 163      $ (59   $ 104      $ 1,060   

Other loans

                         2               2                             2   

Cash and investments

    1                      1               2                             2   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total interest income

    523        434               3               960        163        (59     104        1,064   

Total interest expense

    309        171               28               508        7               7        515   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest income (loss)

    214        263               (25            452        156        (59     97        549   

Less: provisions for loan losses

    7        191                             198                             198   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses

    207        72               (25            254        156        (59     97        351   

Other income (loss):

                   

Servicing revenue

    45        6        163               (108     106                             106   

Asset recovery and business processing revenue

                  99                      99                             99   

Other income (loss)

                         3               3        (156     142        (14     (11

Gains on sales of loans and investments

    7                                    7                             7   

Gains on debt repurchases

                                                                     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other income (loss)

    52        6        262        3        (108     215        (156     142        (14     201   

Expenses:

                   

Direct operating expenses

    112        43        117        6        (108     170                             170   

Overhead expenses

                         55               55                             55   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating expenses

    112        43        117        61        (108     225                             225   

Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization

                                                     3        3        3   

Restructuring and other reorganization expenses

                                                     29        29        29   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total expenses

    112        43        117        61        (108     225               32        32        257   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income tax expense (benefit)

    147        35        145        (83            244               51        51        295   

Income tax expense (benefit)(3)

    54        13        54        (31            90               23        23        113   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

  $ 93      $ 22      $ 91      $ (52   $      $ 154      $      $ 28      $ 28      $ 182   

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax expense (benefit)

                                                                     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

  $ 93      $ 22      $ 91      $ (52   $      $ 154      $      $ 28      $ 28      $ 182   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) 

The eliminations in servicing revenue and direct operating expense represent the elimination of intercompany servicing revenue where the Business Services segment performs the loan servicing function for the FFELP Loans segment.

 

(2) 

“Core Earnings” adjustments to GAAP:

 

    Three Months Ended June 30, 2015  

(Dollars in millions)

  Net Impact from
Spin-Off of
SLM BankCo
    Net Impact of
Derivative
Accounting
    Net Impact of
Acquired
Intangibles
    Total  

Net interest income after provisions for loan losses

  $      $ 97      $      $ 97   

Total other income (loss)

           (14            (14

Operating expenses

                           

Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization

                  3        3   

Restructuring and other reorganization expenses

    29                      29   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total “Core Earnings” adjustments to GAAP

  $ (29   $ 83      $ (3     51   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

Income tax expense (benefit)

          23   
       

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

        $ 28   
       

 

 

 
(3) 

Income taxes are based on a percentage of net income before tax for the individual reportable segment.

 

    Six Months Ended June 30, 2016  

(Dollars in millions)

  FFELP
Loans
    Private
Education
Loans
    Business
Services
    Other     Elimina-
tions(1)
    Total
“Core
Earnings”
    Adjustments     Total
GAAP
 
              Reclassi-
fications
    Additions/
(Subtractions)
    Total
Adjustments(2)
   

Interest income:

                   

Education loans

  $ 1,143      $ 813      $      $      $      $ 1,956      $ 195      $ (86   $ 109      $ 2,065   

Other loans

                         3               3                             3   

Cash and investments

    8        1               3               12                             12   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total interest income

    1,151        814               6               1,971        195        (86     109        2,080   

Total interest expense

    746        345               56               1,147        18               18        1,165   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest income (loss)

    405        469               (50            824        177        (86     91        915   

Less: provisions for loan losses

    17        204                             221                             221   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses

    388        265               (50            603        177        (86     91        694   

Other income (loss):

                   

Servicing revenue

    31        8        315               (200     154                             154   

Asset recovery and business processing revenue

                  191                      191                             191   

Other income (loss)

                         7               7        (177     108        (69     (62

Gains on sales of loans and investments

                                                                     

Gains on debt repurchases

                                                                     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other income (loss)

    31        8        506        7        (200     352        (177     108        (69     283   

Expenses:

                   

Direct operating expenses

    206        84        258        14        (200     362                             362   

Overhead expenses

                         116               116                             116   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating expenses

    206        84        258        130        (200     478                             478   

Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization

                                                     10        10        10   

Restructuring and other reorganization expenses

                                                                     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total expenses

    206        84        258        130        (200     478               10        10        488   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income tax expense (benefit)

    213        189        248        (173            477               12        12        489   

Income tax expense (benefit)(3)

    79        70        91        (64            176               8        8        184   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

    134        119        157        (109            301               4        4        305   

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax expense (benefit)

                                                                     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

  $ 134      $ 119      $ 157      $ (109   $      $ 301      $      $ 4      $ 4      $ 305   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) 

The eliminations in servicing revenue and direct operating expense represent the elimination of intercompany servicing revenue where the Business Services segment performs the loan servicing function for the FFELP Loans segment.

 

(2) 

“Core Earnings” adjustments to GAAP:

 

    Six Months Ended June 30, 2016  

(Dollars in millions)

  Net Impact from
Spin-Off of
SLM BankCo
    Net Impact of
Derivative
Accounting
    Net Impact of
Acquired
Intangibles
    Total  

Net interest income after provisions for loan losses

  $      $ 91      $      $ 91   

Total other income (loss)

           (69            (69

Operating expenses

                           

Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization

                  10        10   

Restructuring and other reorganization expenses

                           
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total “Core Earnings” adjustments to GAAP

  $      $ 22      $ (10     12   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

Income tax expense (benefit)

          8   
       

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

        $ 4   
       

 

 

 
(3) 

Income taxes are based on a percentage of net income before tax for the individual reportable segment.

 

    Six Months Ended June 30, 2015  

(Dollars in millions)

  FFELP
Loans
    Private
Education
Loans
    Business
Services
    Other     Elimina-
tions(1)
    Total
“Core
Earnings”
    Adjustments     Total
GAAP
 
              Reclassi-
fications
    Additions/
(Subtractions)
    Total
Adjustments(2)
   

Interest income:

                   

Education loans

  $ 1,055      $ 891      $      $      $      $ 1,946      $ 325      $ (118   $ 207      $ 2,153   

Other loans

                         4               4                             4   

Cash and investments

    3                      1               4                             4   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total interest income

    1,058        891               5               1,954        325        (118     207        2,161   

Total interest expense

    611        345               57               1,013        16               16        1,029   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest income (loss)

    447        546               (52            941        309        (118     191        1,132   

Less: provisions for loan losses

    12        311                             323                             323   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses

    435        235               (52            618        309        (118     191        809   

Other income (loss):

                   

Servicing revenue

    63        12        326               (219     182                             182   

Asset recovery and business processing revenue

                  188                      188                             188   

Other income (loss)

                  2        8               10        (309     367        58        68   

Gains on sales of loans and investments

    12                                    12                             12   

Gains on debt repurchases

                                                                     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total other income (loss)

    75        12        516        8        (219     392        (309     367        58        450   

Expenses:

                   

Direct operating expenses

    227        89        233        8        (219     338                             338   

Overhead expenses

                         118               118                             118   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Operating expenses

    227        89        233        126        (219     456                             456   

Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization

                                                     4        4        4   

Restructuring and other reorganization expenses

                                                     32        32        32   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total expenses

    227        89        233        126        (219     456               36        36        492   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Income (loss) from continuing operations, before income tax expense (benefit)

    283        158        283        (170            554               213        213        767   

Income tax expense (benefit)(3)

    106        58        106        (64            206               87        87        293   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss) from continuing operations

  $ 177      $ 100      $ 177      $ (106   $      $ 348      $      $ 126      $ 126      $ 474   

Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax expense (benefit)

                                                                     
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

  $ 177      $ 100      $ 177      $ (106   $      $ 348      $      $ 126      $ 126      $ 474   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) 

The eliminations in servicing revenue and direct operating expense represent the elimination of intercompany servicing revenue where the Business Services segment performs the loan servicing function for the FFELP Loans segment.

 

(2) 

“Core Earnings” adjustments to GAAP:

 

    Six Months Ended June 30, 2015  

(Dollars in millions)

  Net Impact from
Spin-Off of
SLM BankCo
    Net Impact of
Derivative
Accounting
    Net Impact of
Acquired
Intangibles
    Total  

Net interest income after provisions for loan losses

  $      $ 191      $      $ 191   

Total other income (loss)

           58               58   

Operating expenses

                           

Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization

                  4        4   

Restructuring and other reorganization expenses

    32                      32   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total “Core Earnings” adjustments to GAAP

  $ (32   $ 249      $ (4     213   
 

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

Income tax expense (benefit)

          87   
       

 

 

 

Net income (loss)

        $ 126   
       

 

 

 
(3) 

Income taxes are based on a percentage of net income before tax for the individual reportable segment.

 

Summary of “Core Earnings” Adjustments to GAAP

 

     Three Months Ended
June 30,
    Six Months Ended
June 30,
 

(Dollars in millions)

   2016     2015     2016     2015  

“Core Earnings” adjustments to GAAP:

        

Net impact of the removal of SLM BankCo’s operations and restructuring and reorganization expense in connection with the Spin-Off(1)

   $      $ (29   $      $ (32

Net impact of derivative accounting(2)

     (32     83        22        249   

Net impact of goodwill and acquired intangibles assets(3)

     (6     (3     (10     (4

Net tax effect(4)

     9        (23     (8     (87
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

Total “Core Earnings” adjustments to GAAP

   $ (29   $ 28      $ 4      $ 126   
  

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

   

 

 

 

 

(1) 

SLM BankCo’s operations and restructuring and other reorganization expense in connection with the Spin-Off: For “Core Earnings,” we have assumed the consumer banking business (SLM BankCo) was never a part of Navient’s historical results prior to the deemed distribution of SLM BankCo on April 30, 2014 and we have removed the restructuring and other reorganization expense incurred in connection with the Spin-Off, including the restructuring expenses related to the restructuring initiative launched in second-quarter 2015 to simplify and streamline the Company’s management structure post-Spin-Off. Excluding these items provides management with a useful basis from which to better evaluate results from ongoing operations against results from prior periods. The adjustment relates to the exclusion of the consumer banking business and represents the operations, assets, liabilities and equity of SLM BankCo, which is comprised of Sallie Mae Bank, Upromise Rewards, the Insurance Business, and the Private Education Loan origination functions. Included in these amounts are also certain general corporate overhead expenses related to the consumer banking business. General corporate overhead consists of costs primarily associated with accounting, finance, legal, human resources, certain information technology costs, stock compensation, and executive management and the board of directors. These costs were generally allocated to the consumer banking business based on the proportionate level of effort provided to the consumer banking business relative to SLM Corporation using a relevant allocation driver (e.g., in proportion to the number of employees by function that were being transferred to SLM BankCo as opposed to remaining at Navient). All intercompany transactions between SLM BankCo and Navient have been eliminated. In addition, all preferred stock dividends have been removed as SLM BankCo succeeded SLM Corporation as the issuer of the preferred stock in connection with the Spin-Off. The restructuring and other reorganization expense incurred in connection with the Spin-Off includes the restructuring expenses related to the restructuring initiative launched in second-quarter 2015 to simplify and streamline the Company’s management structure post-Spin-Off.

 

(2) 

Derivative accounting: “Core Earnings” exclude periodic unrealized gains and losses that are caused by the mark-to-market valuations on derivatives that do not qualify for hedge accounting treatment under GAAP as well as the periodic unrealized gains and losses that are a result of ineffectiveness recognized related to effective hedges under GAAP. These unrealized gains and losses occur in our FFELP Loans, Private Education Loans and Other business segments. Under GAAP, for our derivatives that are held to maturity, the cumulative net unrealized gain or loss over the life of the contract will equal $0 except for Floor Income Contracts where the cumulative unrealized gain will equal the amount for which we sold the contract. In our “Core Earnings” presentation, we recognize the economic effect of these hedges, which generally results in any net settlement cash paid or received being recognized ratably as an interest expense or revenue over the hedged item’s life.

 

(3) 

Goodwill and acquired intangible assets: Our “Core Earnings” exclude goodwill and intangible asset impairment and amortization of acquired intangible assets.

 

(4) 

Net tax effect: Such tax effect is based upon our “Core Earnings” effective tax rate for the year.