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Segment Reporting - Segment Results and Reconciliations to GAAP (Detail) - USD ($)
$ in Millions
 3 Months Ended 6 Months Ended
Jun. 30, 2025
Jun. 30, 2024
Jun. 30, 2025
Jun. 30, 2024
Interest income:        
Cash and investments $ 22 $ 48 $ 43 $ 86
Total interest income 778 973 1,580 2,000
Total interest expense 650 843 1,322 1,718
Net interest income (loss) 128 130 258 282
Less: provisions for loan losses 37 14 67 26
Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses 91 116 191 256
Other income (loss):        
Servicing revenue 14 18 27 35
Asset recovery and business processing revenue 0 81 23 158
Other revenue (loss) 14 18   59
Total other income (loss) 28 117 53 252
Expenses:        
Direct operating expenses 53 112 127 231
Unallocated shared services expenses 47 54 100 119
Total operating expenses 100 166 227 350
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization 1 3 2 5
Restructuring/other reorganization expenses 0 16 3 17
Total expenses 101 185 232 372
Income before income tax expense 18 48 12 136
Income tax expense (benefit) 4 12 1 27
Net income 14 36 11 109
Federal Education Loans [Member]        
Expenses:        
Total operating expenses 17 16 37 33
Business Processing [Member]        
Expenses:        
Total operating expenses 0 62 20 131
Other Segment [Member]        
Expenses:        
Total operating expenses 47 54 100 119
Operating Segments [Member]        
Interest income:        
Net interest income (loss) 131 136 275 299
Less: provisions for loan losses 37 14 67 26
Other income (loss):        
Total other income (loss) 33 103 83 206
Expenses:        
Total operating expenses 100 166 227 350
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization 0 0 0 0
Restructuring/other reorganization expenses 0 16 3 17
Total expenses 100 182 230 367
Income before income tax expense 27 43 61 112
Income tax expense (benefit) 6 10 14 26
Net income 21 33 47 86
Operating Segments [Member] | Federal Education Loans [Member]        
Interest income:        
Cash and investments 10 28 20 51
Total interest income 493 636 995 1,320
Total interest expense 438 603 892 1,233
Net interest income (loss) 55 33 103 87
Less: provisions for loan losses 8 (2) 16 (1)
Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses 47 35 87 88
Other income (loss):        
Servicing revenue 11 15 21 28
Asset recovery and business processing revenue 0 0 0 0
Other revenue (loss) (1) 2 (1) 5
Total other income (loss) 10 17 20 33
Expenses:        
Direct operating expenses 17 16 37 33
Unallocated shared services expenses 0 0 0 0
Total operating expenses 17 16 37 33
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization 0 0 0 0
Restructuring/other reorganization expenses 0 0 0 0
Total expenses 17 16 37 33
Income before income tax expense 40 36 70 88
Income tax expense (benefit) 10 8 16 20
Net income 30 28 54 68
Operating Segments [Member] | Consumer Lending [Member]        
Interest income:        
Cash and investments 5 7 10 14
Total interest income 278 324 572 659
Total interest expense 183 198 364 400
Net interest income (loss) 95 126 208 259
Less: provisions for loan losses 29 16 51 27
Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses 66 110 157 232
Other income (loss):        
Servicing revenue 3 3 6 7
Asset recovery and business processing revenue 0 0 0 0
Other revenue (loss) 0 0 0 1
Total other income (loss) 3 3 6 8
Expenses:        
Direct operating expenses 36 34 70 67
Unallocated shared services expenses 0 0 0 0
Total operating expenses 36 34 70 67
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization 0 0 0 0
Restructuring/other reorganization expenses 0 0 0 0
Total expenses 36 34 70 67
Income before income tax expense 33 79 93 173
Income tax expense (benefit) 7 19 21 40
Net income 26 60 72 133
Operating Segments [Member] | Business Processing [Member]        
Interest income:        
Cash and investments 0 0 0 0
Total interest income 0 0 0 0
Total interest expense 0 0 0 0
Net interest income (loss) 0 0 0 0
Less: provisions for loan losses 0 0 0 0
Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses 0 0 0 0
Other income (loss):        
Servicing revenue 0 0 0 0
Asset recovery and business processing revenue 0 81 23 158
Other revenue (loss) 0 0 0 0
Total other income (loss) 0 81 23 158
Expenses:        
Direct operating expenses 0 62 20 131
Unallocated shared services expenses 0 0 0 0
Total operating expenses 0 62 20 131
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization 0 0 0 0
Restructuring/other reorganization expenses 0 0 0 0
Total expenses 0 62 20 131
Income before income tax expense 0 19 3 27
Income tax expense (benefit) 0 4 1 6
Net income 0 15 2 21
Operating Segments [Member] | Other Segment [Member]        
Interest income:        
Cash and investments 7 13 13 21
Total interest income 7 13 13 21
Total interest expense 26 36 49 68
Net interest income (loss) (19) (23) (36) (47)
Less: provisions for loan losses 0 0 0 0
Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses (19) (23) (36) (47)
Other income (loss):        
Servicing revenue 0 0 0 0
Asset recovery and business processing revenue 0 0 0 0
Other revenue (loss) 20 2 34 7
Total other income (loss) 20 2 34 7
Expenses:        
Direct operating expenses 0 0 0 0
Unallocated shared services expenses 47 54 100 119
Total operating expenses 47 54 100 119
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization 0 0 0 0
Restructuring/other reorganization expenses 0 16 3 17
Total expenses 47 70 103 136
Income before income tax expense (46) (91) (105) (176)
Income tax expense (benefit) (11) (21) 24 (40)
Net income (35) (70) (81) (136)
Adjustments [Member] | Reclassifications [Member]        
Interest income:        
Net interest income (loss) 5 9 11 19
Other income (loss):        
Total other income (loss) (5) (9) (11) (19)
Expenses:        
Total operating expenses 0 0 0 0
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization 0 0 0 0
Restructuring/other reorganization expenses 0 0 0 0
Total expenses 0 0 0 0
Income before income tax expense 0 0 0 0
Income tax expense (benefit) 0 0 0 0
Net income 0 0 0 0
Adjustments [Member] | Additions (Subtractions) [Member]        
Interest income:        
Net interest income (loss) (2) (3) 6 (2)
Other income (loss):        
Total other income (loss) 10 (5) 41 (27)
Expenses:        
Total operating expenses 0 0 0 0
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization (1) (3) (2) (5)
Restructuring/other reorganization expenses 0 0 0 0
Total expenses (1) (3) (2) (5)
Income before income tax expense 9 (5) 49 (24)
Income tax expense (benefit) 2 (2) 13 (1)
Net income 7 (3) 36 (23)
Adjustments [Member] | Total Adjustments [Member]        
Interest income:        
Net interest income (loss) 3 6 17 17
Net interest income (loss) after provisions for loan losses 3 6 17 17
Other income (loss):        
Total other income (loss) 5 (14) 30 (46)
Expenses:        
Total operating expenses 0 0 0 0
Goodwill and acquired intangible asset impairment and amortization (1) (3) (2) (5)
Restructuring/other reorganization expenses 0 0 0 0
Total expenses (1) (3) (2) (5)
Income before income tax expense 9 (5) 49 (24)
Income tax expense (benefit) 2 (2) 13 (1)
Net income 7 (3) 36 (23)
Education Loan Portfolio [Member]        
Interest income:        
Total interest income 756 925 1,537 1,914
Education Loan Portfolio [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] | Federal Education Loans [Member]        
Interest income:        
Total interest income 483 608 975 1,269
Education Loan Portfolio [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] | Consumer Lending [Member]        
Interest income:        
Total interest income 273 317 562 645
Education Loan Portfolio [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] | Business Processing [Member]        
Interest income:        
Total interest income 0 0 0 0
Education Loan Portfolio [Member] | Operating Segments [Member] | Other Segment [Member]        
Interest income:        
Total interest income $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0